347:
651:
71:
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linguistic analogy from
Semitic roots: Aramaic, Canaanite, Egyptian ones and especially from Arabic roots." Concerning Arabic, Ben-Yehuda maintained, inaccurately according to Blau, that Arabic roots are "ours": "the roots of Arabic were once a part of the Hebrew language ... lost, and now we have found them again!"
709:
neighborhood of
Jerusalem, but died three months before it was completed. His wife Hemda lived there for close to thirty years. Ten years after her death, her son Ehud transferred the title of the house to the Jerusalem municipality for the purpose of creating a museum and study center. Eventually it
582:
Ancient languages and modern
Standard Arabic were major sources for Ben-Yehuda and the Committee. According to Joshua Blau, quoting the criteria insisted on by Ben-Yehuda: "In order to supplement the deficiencies of the Hebrew language, the Committee coins words according to the rules of grammar and
528:
To accomplish the task, Ben-Yehuda insisted with the
Committee of the Hebrew Language that, to quote the Committee records, "In order to supplement the deficiencies of the Hebrew language, the Committee coins words according to the rules of grammar and linguistic analogy from Semitic roots: Aramaic
685:
became an accomplished journalist and author in her own right, ensuring the completion of the Hebrew dictionary in the decades after
Eliezer's death, as well as mobilising fundraising and coordinating committees of scholars in both Israel and abroad.
724:
was quoted by historian Jack
Fellman as having summed up Ben-Yehuda's contribution to the Hebrew language: "Before Ben‑Yehuda, Jews could speak Hebrew; after him, they did." This comment reflects the fact that there are no other examples of a
646:
In
December 1893, Ben-Yehuda and his father-in-law were imprisoned by the Ottoman authorities in Jerusalem following accusations by members of the Jewish community that they were inciting rebellion against the government.
607:
was closed down for a year in the wake of opposition from
Jerusalem's ultra-Orthodox community, which fiercely objected to the use of Hebrew, their holy tongue, for everyday conversation. In 1908, its name changed to
551:(meaning "son of Zion"), entirely in Hebrew. He did not allow his son to be exposed to other languages during childhood, and even berated his wife for singing a Russian lullaby. His son thus became the first
579:
and he became known as the "reviver" (המחיה) of the Hebrew language, despite opposition to some of the words he coined. Many of these words have become part of the language but others never caught on.
710:
was leased to a church group from
Germany who established a center there for young German volunteers. The house is now a conference center and guesthouse run by the German organization
1527:
481:
677:, leaving him with five small children. Her final wish was that Eliezer marry her younger sister, Paula Beila. Soon after his wife Devora's death, three of his children died of
1040:
1522:
1487:
1532:
1364:
Elyada, Ouzi . Hebrew
Popular Journalism : Birth and Development in Ottoman Palestine, London and N.Y, Routledge, 2019 (History of Ben-Yehuda's Press)
889:
1477:
134:
1567:
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346:
468:, who spoke Hebrew with him. It was this conversation that convinced him that the revival of Hebrew as the language of a nation was feasible.
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1587:
639:, should not be used to discuss mundane and non-holy things. Others thought his son would grow up and become a "disabled idiot", and even
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from the age of three, as was customary among the Jews of Eastern Europe. By the age of twelve, he had read large portions of the
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1607:
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The Renaissance of Modern Hebrew and Modern Standard Arabic: Parallels and Differences in the Revival of Two Semitic Languages
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declared, after meeting Ben-Yehuda, that the thought of Hebrew becoming the modern language of the Jews was ridiculous.
1507:
571:
Ben-Yehuda was a major figure in the establishment of the Committee of the Hebrew Language (Va'ad HaLashon), later the
17:
1370:"Ben-Yehuda in his Ottoman Milieu: Jerusalem's Public Sphere as Reflected in the Hebrew Newspaper Ha-Tsevi, 1884–1915"
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without any native speakers subsequently acquiring several million native speakers, and no other examples of a
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289:
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within a period of 10 days. Six months later, he married Paula, who took the Hebrew name "Hemda".
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Ben-Yehuda was married twice, to two sisters. His first wife, Devora (née Jonas), died in 1891 of
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and other regional dialects as a means of everyday communication between Jews who moved to the
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The Revival of a Classical Tongue: Eliezer Ben Yehuda and the Modern Hebrew Language
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The Revival of a Classical Tongue: Eliezer Ben Yehuda and the Modern Hebrew Language
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lifestyle, Ben-Yehuda set out to develop a new language that could replace
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400:
313:
1285:
496:. Motivated by the surrounding ideals of renovation and rejection of the
461:
721:
678:
465:
432:
354:
Eliezer Yitzhak Perlman (later Eliezer Ben-Yehuda) was born in Luzhki (
31:
1425:(Eliezer Ben-Yehuda's daughter) at the Dartmouth Jewish Sound Archive
998:
489:
321:
115:
967:
30:"Ben-Yehuda" redirects here. For other people with the surname, see
1441:
1437:
599:
428:
316:, and journalist. He is renowned as the lexicographer of the first
508:
from various regions of the world. Ben-Yehuda regarded Hebrew and
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832:
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655:
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Ben-Yehuda was the editor of several Hebrew-language newspapers:
509:
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442:
420:
388:
375:
218:
698:, from which he suffered most of his life. He was buried on the
452:
for four years. While there, he studied various subjects at the
1368:
Hassan, Hassan Ahmad; al-Kayyali, Abdul-Hameed (18 July 2018).
517:
424:
412:
408:
396:
392:
379:
317:
309:
631:
Many devoted Jews of the time did not appreciate Ben-Yehuda's
1220:"Beit Ben Yehuda – International Meeting Center in Jerusalem"
828:"This Day in Jewish History – 1858: Hebrew's Reviver Is Born"
715:
593:
449:
435:
for further education. Reading the Hebrew-language newspaper
416:
404:
326:
197:
1329:
Tongue of the Prophets. The Life Story of Eliezer Ben Yehuda
1041:"The Hebrew-Based Judaism And Zionism Of Eliezer Ben Yehuda"
1415:
The personal papers of Eliezer Ben-Yehuda are kept at the
1180:"On a small Jerusalem street, a historic literary rivalry"
714:, which organizes workshops, seminars and Hebrew language
702:
in Jerusalem. His funeral was attended by 30,000 people.
1528:
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the Ottoman Empire
1177:
1103:
1091:
854:
Coulmas, Florian (1 March 2016). "Eliezer Ben-Yehuda".
516:
can live only if we revive the nation and return it to
1332:. Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company Inc.
1257:"This week in history: Revival of the Hebrew language"
334:. Ben-Yehuda was the primary driving force behind the
330:, one of the first Hebrew newspapers published in the
1523:
Burials at the Jewish cemetery on the Mount of Olives
1419:
in Jerusalem. The notation of the record group is A43
635:. They believed that Hebrew, which they learned as a
1079:
471:
532:In 1903 Ben-Yehuda, along with many members of the
308:; 7 January 1858 – 16 December 1922) was a Russian-
1020:
441:, he became acquainted with the early movement of
27:Russian-Jewish linguist and journalist (1858–1922)
980:
523:
1488:19th-century journalists from the Russian Empire
1454:
1367:
965:
586:
925:
705:Ben-Yehuda built a house for his family in the
492:. He found a job teaching at the school of the
415:. His mother and uncle hoped he would become a
378:) to Yehuda Leib and Tzipora Perlman, who were
1125:. The Jewish Agency for Israel. Archived from
712:Action Reconciliation Service for Peace (ARSP)
1533:Expatriates from the Russian Empire in France
860:. Oxford University Press. pp. 139–154.
821:
819:
391:. He attended a Jewish elementary school (a "
1250:
1248:
1178:Aviva and Shmuel Bar-Am (24 December 2016).
737:with millions of "first language" speakers.
448:Upon graduation in 1877, Ben-Yehuda went to
55:
341:
1423:An interview with Dola Ben-Yehuda Wittmann
961:
959:
957:
955:
921:
919:
917:
915:
847:
816:
694:In December 1922, Ben-Yehuda, 64, died of
69:
1478:19th-century Jews from the Russian Empire
1381:
1312:. The Hague, Netherlands: Mouton. 1973.
1254:
1245:
866:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198736523.003.0011
616:during World War I due its support for a
350:Ben-Yehuda and his wife Hemda Jonas, 1912
1322:
1109:
1097:
1085:
649:
633:efforts to resurrect the Hebrew language
559:. Ben‑Yehuda later raised his daughter,
345:
1236:
1230:
1066:Religion and Zionism. First Encounters.
952:
912:
853:
246: 1881; died 1891)
14:
1568:Jewish writers from the Russian Empire
1455:
1038:
1518:Ashkenazi Jews from Ottoman Palestine
1498:20th-century deaths from tuberculosis
1493:20th-century Jewish biblical scholars
1473:19th-century Jewish biblical scholars
1255:Bensadoun, Daniel (15 October 2010).
1039:Singer, Saul Jay (11 November 2020).
966:Balint, Benjamin (23 November 2008).
926:Naor, Mordechai (13 September 2008).
825:
781:
320:dictionary and also as the editor of
1429:Works by or about Eliezer Ben-Yehuda
1284:
1068:The Hebrew University Magnes Press.
1026:
986:
1588:People from Sharkawshchyna District
940:from the original on 2 October 2008
799:
774:
689:
654:Ben-Yehuda working at his house in
529:and especially from Arabic roots."
56:
24:
1294:. University of California Press.
1278:
826:Green, David B. (7 January 2013).
25:
1644:
1409:
1123:"Ben-Yehuda, Eliezer (1858-1922)"
472:Immigration to The Land of Israel
1618:Zionists from the Russian Empire
1603:Russian-Jewish culture in Israel
1513:20th-century Russian journalists
1445:
775:אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן־יְהוּדָה
668:
1623:Immigrants to Ottoman Palestine
1212:
1190:
1171:
1141:
1115:
1058:
1032:
566:
263:
243:
118:, British Mandate for Palestine
1633:Immigrants of the First Aliyah
1563:Jewish printing and publishing
1348:The Life of Eliezer Ben Yehuda
992:
882:
789:
783:[ʔeliˈʔezerbenjehuˈda]
764:
747:Eliezer Ben Yehuda's residence
612:, and it was shut down by the
573:Academy of the Hebrew Language
563:, entirely in Hebrew as well.
524:Revival of the Hebrew language
494:Alliance Israélite Universelle
482:The Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem
476:In 1881 Ben-Yehuda joined the
464:. It was in Paris that he met
423:. There he was exposed to the
336:revival of the Hebrew language
99:, Russian Empire (now Belarus)
34:. For a general overview, see
13:
1:
1608:Tuberculosis deaths in Israel
1593:People from Vilna Governorate
1374:Ordinary Jerusalem, 1840-1940
1149:"Mount of Olives – Jerusalem"
809:
659:
587:Opposition from Orthodox Jews
512:as symbiotic, writing, "the
209:Reviving the Hebrew language
7:
1444:(public domain audiobooks)
1438:Works by Eliezer Ben-Yehuda
1202:fulfillment-of-prophecy.com
968:"Confessions of a polyglot"
740:
547:Ben‑Yehuda raised his son,
486:ruled by the Ottoman Empire
36:Ben-Yehuda (disambiguation)
10:
1649:
1613:University of Paris alumni
1007:Holt, Rinehart and Winston
387:. His native language was
29:
1508:20th-century Russian Jews
1383:10.1163/9789004375741_021
928:"Flesh-and-Blood Prophet"
359:
276:
224:
214:
204:
192:
175:
165:
123:
104:
77:
68:
57:
52:
45:
1628:Lexicographers of Hebrew
1417:Central Zionist Archives
757:
342:Early life and education
58:אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן־יְהוּדָה
53:
306:Eliezer Yitzhak Perlman
82:Eliezer Yitzhak Perlman
1598:Russian Ashkenazi Jews
1503:20th-century linguists
1483:19th-century linguists
1354:, 2 volumes, (Hebrew).
1308:Fellman, Jack (1973).
1237:Fellman, Jack (1973).
665:
557:Hebrew in modern times
351:
1558:Jewish lexicographers
1538:Grammarians of Hebrew
1064:Salmon, Yosef (2002)
857:Guardians of Language
653:
577:Ben-Yehuda Dictionary
349:
150:31.77833°N 35.24389°E
1376:. pp. 330–351.
1159:on 27 September 2007
466:a Jew from Jerusalem
460:and politics of the
429:Jewish Enlightenment
419:, and sent him to a
395:") where he studied
1359:Resurrecting Hebrew
1224:beit-ben-yehuda.org
1184:The Times of Israel
800:אליעזר יצחק פערלמאן
454:Sorbonne University
170:Sorbonne University
146: /
1573:Language reformers
1553:Jewish journalists
1548:Jewish grammarians
1288:(1 January 1981).
1261:The Jerusalem Post
1129:on 22 October 2007
890:"Young Ben-Yehuda"
666:
656:Talpiot, Jerusalem
614:Ottoman government
480:and immigrated to
352:
302:Eliezer Ben‑Yehuda
155:31.77833; 35.24389
47:Eliezer Ben-Yehuda
18:Eliezer Ben Yehuda
1301:978-0-520-09548-9
1208:on 16 March 2009.
1198:"Ben-Yehuda Home"
875:978-0-19-873652-3
735:national language
637:biblical language
488:, and settled in
364:Vilna Governorate
299:
298:
97:Vilna Governorate
16:(Redirected from
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1433:Internet Archive
1405:
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1324:St. John, Robert
1305:
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1204:. Archived from
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1155:. Archived from
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900:on 2 August 2012
896:. Archived from
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727:natural language
690:Death and legacy
683:Hemda Ben-Yehuda
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663: 1918–1923
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1286:Blau, Joshua
1264:. Retrieved
1260:
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1206:the original
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1161:. Retrieved
1157:the original
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1127:the original
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1076:. pp. 91,220
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696:tuberculosis
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675:tuberculosis
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478:First Aliyah
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401:Hebrew Bible
382:
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292:(with Hemda)
233:Devora Jonas
196:
193:Organization
110:(1922-12-16)
40:
1468:1922 deaths
1463:1858 births
904:26 November
733:becoming a
462:Middle East
255:Hemda Jonas
176:Occupations
153: /
130:, Jerusalem
1457:Categories
1163:6 November
1133:6 November
1050:22 January
999:Elon, Amos
894:huji.ac.il
810:References
779:pronounced
722:Cecil Roth
718:programs.
679:diphtheria
544:proposal.
356:Belarusian
312:linguist,
185:journalist
141:35°14′38″E
138:31°46′42″N
88:1858-01-07
32:Ben-Yehuda
1402:201432320
1361:. (2008).
1027:Blau 1981
987:Blau 1981
944:1 October
839:5 January
626:Palestine
490:Jerusalem
362:) in the
322:Jerusalem
116:Jerusalem
1442:LibriVox
1326:(1952).
938:Archived
741:See also
600:Hashkafa
549:Ben-Zion
498:diaspora
438:HaShahar
433:Dünaburg
399:and the
277:Children
215:Movement
182:Linguist
95:Luzhki,
1431:at the
1266:1 April
1017:. p.392
1001:(1975)
973:Haaretz
933:Haaretz
833:Haaretz
796:Yiddish
707:Talpiot
620:in the
510:Zionism
502:Yiddish
484:, then
458:history
443:Zionism
427:of the
421:yeshiva
389:Yiddish
384:hasidim
376:Belarus
366:of the
324:-based
268:
260:
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240:
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225:Spouses
219:Zionism
60:
1400:
1390:
1350:. Yad
1336:
1316:
1298:
1072:
1013:
872:
771:Hebrew
425:Hebrew
413:Talmud
411:, and
409:Mishna
397:Hebrew
393:cheder
380:Chabad
318:Hebrew
310:Jewish
304:(born
1398:S2CID
1003:Herzl
758:Notes
716:ulpan
605:HaZvi
594:HaZvi
450:Paris
417:rabbi
405:Torah
370:(now
360:Лужкі
327:HaZvi
262:(
258:
242:(
238:
198:HaZvi
1388:ISBN
1334:ISBN
1314:ISBN
1296:ISBN
1268:2019
1165:2007
1135:2007
1070:ISBN
1052:2021
1011:ISBN
946:2008
906:2012
870:ISBN
841:2019
610:HaOr
561:Dola
105:Died
78:Born
1440:at
1378:doi
862:doi
596:and
555:of
540:'s
520:."
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954:^
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660:c.
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264:m.
244:m.
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86:(
38:.
20:)
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