31:
454:
which they injected into rabbits. They observed that infected rabbits developed fever and enlarged spleen, characteristics of malaria. They proposed that the malarial bacterium was transmitted by drinking contaminated water or inhalation from air. Klebs reported that antimalarial drug
409:" (fundamental tests) that provided a basis for his own research strategy, as well as general bacteriological research. According to Klebs, the bacteriological tests consist of the following postulates:
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killed the germ. The discovery was supported by leading malariologists of the time. It was then declared that the malaria problem was solved. When a French Army physician
481:, proved that the bacillus did not cause specific symptoms of malaria in 1881. The bacillus theory was eventually proved wrong by the experimental demonstration of the
292:
from 1882 to 1892. Because of disagreements with the rest of the faculty, the impetuous Klebs resigned from Zürich in 1893 and ran an unsuccessful private business in
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446:. They concluded that the bacterium was the pathogen for malaria as they discovered it from damp soil in the region of malaria epidemics. They gave it the name
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311:, United States. From 1905 to 1910, he was a private researcher in Berlin, after which he returned to Switzerland, living with his oldest son in
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Although some of these hypotheses are literally false, they are in general the foundation of modern experiments in bacteriology.
477:), the discovery was ignored in preference of the bacillus theory of Klebs and Tommasi-Crudeli. An American physician, though,
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Anonymous (1913). "Theodor
Albrecht Edwin Klebs. Born Königsberg-i.-Pr., February 6, 1834-died Berne, October 23, 1913".
269:. He married Rosa Grossenbacher, a Swiss, and also acquired Swiss citizenship. He served as a military physician for the
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experimentally in animals by the injection of milk from infected cows. He identified the typhoid bacillus (now named
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by 25 years. He isolated colonies of bacteria nine years before Robert Koch. He was the first to produce
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Explorers of the body : dramatic breakthroughs in medicine from ancient times to modern science
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Smith, DC; Sanford, LB (1985). "Laveran's germ: the reception and use of a medical discovery".
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Klebs made some significant errors about infectious diseases. He believed, for example, that
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Klebs' works preceded some of the most important discoveries in medicine. He described
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769:(in German). Berlin: Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin.
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and he claimed that they isolated a bacterium from the waters of
Pontine Marshes in
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in Berlin from 1861 until 1866, when he became a professor of pathology at the
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Fourth, the bacteria that cause distinguishable disease are distinguishable.
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737:. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway
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as causative agent of wound infection, and "monadines" as the pathogen for
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1066:"The making of modern malariology: from miasma to mosquito-malaria theory"
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915:
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Ellis, H (2013). "Edwin Klebs: discoverer of the bacillus of diphtheria".
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Anonymous (1968). "Edwin Klebs (1834-1913) Peripatetic
Bacteriologist".
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899:"History of the discovery of the malaria parasites and their vectors"
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The malaria genome projects : promise, progress, and prospects
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1127:
Klebs, Edwin – The
Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001–05
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308:
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comprising 20 species,was also named in his honour in 1972.
76:
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correctly discovered in 1880 that malaria was caused by a
978:
Tropical
Medicine: an Illustrated History of The Pioneers
1100:. Dr. B.S. Kakkilaya's Malaria Web Site. Archived from
204:. He was the first to identify a bacterium that causes
184:(6 February 1834 – 23 October 1913) was a German-Swiss
488:
Klebs also made mistakes in claiming the existence of
192:. His works paved the way for the beginning of modern
1004:
The
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
1294:
German military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War
400:
1043:(2nd ed.). New York: iUniverse. p. 248.
854:Carter, KC (2001). "Edwin Klebs's Grundversuche".
277:; several of his ancestors had fought during the
208:, which was called Klebs–Loeffler bacterium (now
1190:
419:Third, every disease is caused only by bacteria.
758:Eine Enzyklopädie zu eponymischen Pflanzennamen
450:. They further experimented with the bacterial
284:Klebs taught at Würzburg from 1872 to 1873, at
1155:
1149:
1143:
954:. London: Imperial College Press. p. 3.
1264:Academic staff of the University of Würzburg
1098:"History of Malaria: Scientific Discoveries"
1063:
1001:
627:Anonymous (1913). "Professor Edwin Klebs".
416:Second, bacteria never occur spontaneously.
323:In 1883, Klebs successfully identified the
1289:Academic staff of the University of Zurich
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242:in 1855 and received his doctorate at the
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575:The Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology
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257:Klebs was an assistant to Virchow at the
1279:Academic staff of the University of Bern
517:
1229:Scientists from the Province of Prussia
947:
506:
16:German-Swiss microbiologist (1834–1913)
1209:Biologists from the Kingdom of Prussia
1191:
1036:
853:
429:
371:. In 1878, he successfully inoculated
334:. This bacterium is also known as the
1214:Emigrants from the Kingdom of Prussia
661:
413:First, all bacteria are pathological.
188:. He is mainly known for his work on
1284:Academic staff of Charles University
1269:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni
1184:Biography at Encyclopædia Britannica
1162:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
981:. Burlington: Elsevier. p. 70.
974:
763:Encyclopedia of eponymic plant names
664:British Journal of Hospital Medicine
438:was caused by a bacterium. In 1879,
347:is named in honor of his work. Also
896:
856:Bulletin of the History of Medicine
303:From 1896 to 1900, Klebs taught at
13:
1120:
353:, which is a genus of filamentous
214:). He was the father of physician
14:
1305:
1169:Bio at the University of Würzburg
1132:
723:Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. (2008).
704:. Farlex, Inc. a Hotchalk Partner
401:Fundamental tests in bacteriology
614:10.1001/jama.1968.03140210085024
1274:University of Königsberg alumni
1249:German emigrants to Switzerland
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1030:
995:
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698:"Klebs, Theodor Albrecht Edwin"
806:
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593:
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318:
1:
1259:University of Würzburg alumni
499:
676:10.12968/hmed.2013.74.11.641
330:as the etiological agent of
182:Theodor Albrecht Edwin Klebs
35:Theodor Albrecht Edwin Klebs
7:
702:The Free Medical Dictionary
328:Corynebacterium diphtheriae
211:Corynebacterium diphtheriae
10:
1310:
1224:Physicians from Königsberg
948:Sherman, Irwin W. (2012).
544:10.1126/science.38.991.920
467:parasite (which he called
367:in 1884, two years before
288:from 1873 to 1882, and at
1219:Immigrants to Switzerland
1079:(1): 3–17. Archived from
755:Burkhardt, Lotte (2022).
641:10.1136/bmj.2.2760.1413-d
520:"Edwin Klebs (1834-1913)"
246:in 1858. He achieved his
175:
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127:
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92:
84:
65:
40:
28:
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1064:Lalchhandama, K (2014).
897:Cox, Francis EG (2010).
461:Charles Alphonse Laveran
252:University of Königsberg
105:University of Königsberg
1239:German military doctors
1037:Lehrer, Steven (2006).
1016:10.4269/ajtmh.1985.34.2
903:Parasites & Vectors
587:10.1002/path.1700180140
518:Garrison, F.H. (1913).
483:mosquito-malaria theory
479:George Miller Sternberg
440:Corrado Tommasi-Crudeli
405:Klebs identified four "
375:in monkeys, antedating
221:
336:Klebs-Löffler bacillus
315:. Klebs died in Bern.
236:University of Würzburg
136:University of Würzburg
97:University of Würzburg
916:10.1186/1756-3305-3-5
868:10.1353/bhm.2001.0164
474:Plasmodium falciparum
341:The bacterial genus
305:Rush Medical College
254:the following year.
244:University of Berlin
234:. He studied at the
148:Rush Medical College
144:University of Zurich
140:University of Prague
101:University of Berlin
1234:German pathologists
975:Cook, G.C. (2007).
831:1935Natur.136S.675.
775:10.3372/epolist2022
635:(2760): 1413–1414.
536:1913Sci....38..920G
469:Oscillaria malariae
430:Scientific blunders
275:Franco-Prussian War
273:in 1870 during the
232:Province of Prussia
190:infectious diseases
1174:2016-02-10 at the
1104:on 10 October 2012
813:Anonymous (1935).
490:Microzoon septicum
395:Karl Joseph Eberth
263:University of Bern
226:Klebs was born in
132:University of Bern
59:Kingdom of Prussia
1050:978-0-595-40731-6
988:978-0-08-055939-1
961:978-1-84816-903-6
825:(3443): 675–676.
784:978-3-946292-41-8
448:Bacillus malariae
179:
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166:Doctoral students
112:Scientific career
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1254:Swiss biologists
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530:(991): 920–921.
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390:Salmonella typhi
377:Élie Metchnikoff
155:Doctoral advisor
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69:23 October 1913
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1159:in the online
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1133:External links
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1086:on 2014-04-27.
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1106:. Retrieved
1102:the original
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1081:the original
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385:tuberculosis
369:Pierre Marie
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256:
248:habilitation
225:
216:Arnold Klebs
209:
194:bacteriology
181:
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128:Institutions
111:
71:(1913-10-23)
1204:1913 deaths
1199:1834 births
1179:(in German)
1139:Edwin Klebs
1010:(1): 2–20.
798:January 27,
670:(11): 641.
358:green algae
319:Discoveries
267:Switzerland
202:Robert Koch
85:Nationality
23:Edwin Klebs
1244:Diphtheria
1193:Categories
741:2011-01-17
500:References
494:rheumatism
381:Émile Roux
365:acromegaly
355:charophyte
344:Klebsiella
332:diphtheria
298:Strassburg
228:Königsberg
206:diphtheria
55:Königsberg
47:1834-02-06
793:246307410
734:AlgaeBase
649:220177980
485:in 1898.
465:protozoan
393:) before
325:bacterium
300:in 1894.
294:Karlsruhe
122:Pathology
1172:Archived
935:20205846
909:(1): 5.
884:40487428
876:11740130
684:24220527
560:17753538
373:syphilis
313:Lausanne
1156:Italian
1108:15 June
1024:2578751
926:2825508
827:Bibcode
552:1639550
532:Bibcode
524:Science
457:quinine
452:isolate
436:malaria
309:Chicago
259:Charité
250:at the
1150:French
1144:German
1047:
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819:Nature
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708:8 July
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471:, now
290:Zürich
286:Prague
238:under
118:Fields
1084:(PDF)
1069:(PDF)
880:S2CID
789:S2CID
767:(pdf)
761:[
645:S2CID
548:JSTOR
1153:and
1141:in
1110:2014
1045:ISBN
1020:PMID
983:ISBN
956:ISBN
931:PMID
872:PMID
800:2022
779:ISBN
710:2014
680:PMID
602:JAMA
556:PMID
379:and
296:and
222:Life
200:and
77:Bern
66:Died
41:Born
1012:doi
921:PMC
911:doi
864:doi
835:doi
823:136
771:doi
672:doi
637:doi
629:BMJ
610:doi
606:204
583:doi
540:doi
307:in
265:in
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1077:14
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49:)
45:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
