20:
343:
572:
Having decreed this edict on 28 September, a subsequent edict was established the same day, depriving all
Protestant magistrates and office holders of their respective offices, though with an allowance for compensation for this financial loss, if the office holder was not currently in open rebellion.
627:
The crown was by this point so overburdened with debt it was forced to compromise in the peace of Saint-Germain, in which the edict of Saint-Maur was revoked, Protestants were restored in their ability to worship in designated places, Coligny and other
Protestant nobles were restored to office, and
555:
Once this preamble was complete the edict moved on to terms, men of any stature and office were forbidden from practicing any other religion than
Catholicism. Protestant preachers were to vacate the kingdom within 15 days of publication. Despite these terms however, the common people would not be
454:
Despite
Longjumeau's prohibitions on the formation of foreign alliances by crown subjects, the aristocratic Huguenots had busied themselves aligning with the Dutch Protestant rebels. In August they formed a formal alliance, vowing to aid each other in the ridding of their respective kings' 'evil
641:
would be added to
Protestant control again. As for the other terms of the edict, the Protestants had been preparing for civil war again before it broke out; as such, the loss of office and title did not affect much as most Protestant nobles were already south with Condé in rebellion.
590:
The edict proved more theoretical than practical, as civil war immediately followed. The
Protestants who had fled to La Rochelle had, by the time of Saint-Maur, already taken up arms to defend themselves. The duke of Anjou took the field on 6 October. The Protestant forces under
636:
Given this civil war, the towns of
Castres, Montauban and La Rochelle would not be returned to the crown, two of these towns would be legally granted to the Protestants as their surety in the peace that superseded the edict. Further during the war towns such as
581:
Copies of the edict would be put into international circulation, and sent to the
Catholic princes of western Europe. Explaining that the prior edicts that had so concerned them, had just been methods of coaxing the Protestants back into the Catholic fold.
411:'s Italian favourites began to voice their positions, which tended to be anti-toleration and anti-peace. Concurrently, the hardliner Cardinal of Lorraine, who had been absent from the court, both due to the war and a lack of favour, returned, and the
506:'his head would not rest on his shoulders 24 hours.' Hôpital retorted that it was actually Lorraine who was an evil presence in the king's advisory council. However Hôpital had lost the argument, and the king decided to agree to Pius' terms.
577:
of Paris for publication, which the
Parlement, in contrast to previous toleration edicts, was keen to do. Whilst in the Parlement building he oversaw the burning of the previous edicts that were to be revoked, throwing them into the fire.
445:
of church land, but only on the condition that the funds be used to suppress heresy in France. Much of the council was eager to accept such terms, as an opportunity to overturn what they characterised as a mistaken peace back in March.
1085:
518:, and asked to be relieved of his office, conscious that he no longer had any influence on the council. A few days later on 2 October, the secretary Brûlart would arrive, to pick up his Chancellor's seals, and give them to
496:. He said further that Hôpital would not be the first of his name that had desired evil of the king. Lorraine then assaulted the chancellor, grabbing at his beard, before the two could be separated by
488:
Hôpital made his final return to council, on 19 September, so he could oppose the acceptance of Pius V's terms. He argued before
Catherine that to accept such a deal would be to surrender traditional
143:
539:
and recounting the various efforts to solve the religious question, and how these had all been sabotaged by the Protestants. It highlighted the failure of the Protestants to return La Rochelle,
492:
liberties and that the king had the right to seize church lands without the consultation of the Pope. Lorraine rebuked him, calling Hôpital a hypocrite with his wife and daughter being
467:, who was able to do little more than excuse himself as unable to control his subjects. In early September the leading aristocratic Huguenots were warned of a plot to arrest them by
189:
1092:
556:
examined as to their consciences on matters of faith. Instead, it was hoped that bishops and pastors would bring subjects with Protestant consciences back in to the religious fold.
52:
323:
207:
559:
All towns held by Protestants must be returned, private quarrels were to cease, and all those currently illegally under arms would have to lay them down within 20 days.
315:
327:
147:
303:
547:
despite the edict of Longjumeau's terms. The edict went on to say that the Protestants 'abuse our clemency' and accused them of plotting against the kingdom.
522:
who could apply them as was required to the edict of Saint-Maur. Birague sealed the edict, and revoked the edicts of Saint Germain, Amboise and Longjumeau.
228:
197:
193:
1216:
1128:
45:
1078:
456:
82:
38:
1201:
19:
415:, heir to the throne, fell under his influence. With the return of his enemy Lorraine, and conscious his conciliatory response to the
1196:
592:
77:
1211:
616:
394:
at the end of the third religious war in 1570 which restored recognition to Protestantism, alongside many other concessions.
169:
829:
754:
701:
1039:
918:
801:
671:
1191:
407:
With Longjumeau signed the balance on the privy council was already shifting towards the uncompromising Catholics.
239:
608:
127:
299:
1011:
983:
958:
890:
729:
391:
390:, and gave Protestants 15 days to vacate the kingdom. Ultimately the edict would be overturned in the landmark
261:
1110:
109:
257:
471:, who while hostile to them felt the plan dishonourable. As such they fled south, to their stronghold of
307:
497:
98:
432:
1116:
420:
131:
113:
161:
1206:
1134:
435:
church lands to cover shortfalls. The Pope was open to this, on certain conditions. On 1 August,
408:
363:
281:
214:
135:
62:
535:
The edict began with a hard-line interpretation of the previous seven years, beginning with the
1186:
1158:
371:
331:
319:
976:
The King's Army: Warfare, Soldiers and Society during the Wars of Religion in France 1562-1576
604:
595:
were reinforced by mercenaries from Germany, and began laying siege to southern cities. In a
423:
withdrew from attending court in June. This lost the moderates their key voice on the court.
253:
232:
86:
1122:
431:
Though the costly war was over, the crown remained hard pressed financially, and desired to
772:
The Wars of Religion in France, 1559-1576: The Huguenots, Catherine de Medici and Philip II
612:
515:
464:
359:
295:
285:
273:
157:
139:
24:
1070:
615:. The Huguenots would not however be defeated, and he unified his forces with those under
8:
1140:
460:
412:
379:
519:
500:. Lorraine then appealed to Catherine, noting that if Hôpital was in the hands of the
1146:
1035:
1007:
979:
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797:
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416:
311:
265:
220:
179:
165:
596:
468:
375:
245:
224:
123:
277:
269:
94:
90:
847:
The Wars of Religion in France: The Huguenots, Catherine de Medici and Philip II
440:
249:
603:
Condé was captured and killed, leaving the Huguenot army under the command of
1180:
1152:
536:
367:
30:
489:
472:
436:
383:
347:
544:
501:
493:
911:
The Massacre of St Bartholomew and the European Conflict: 1559-1572
794:
The Massacre of St Bartholomew and the European Conflict: 1559-1572
573:
Charles, wearing his state robes, took the edict personally to the
638:
540:
822:
Martyrs and Murderers: The Guise Family and the Making of Europe
747:
Martyrs and Murderers: The Guise Family and the Making of Europe
694:
Martyrs and Murderers: The Guise Family and the Making of Europe
936:
History of the Rise of the Huguenots in Two Volumes: Vol 2 of 2
865:
History of the Rise of the Huguenots in Two Volumes: Vol 2 of 2
600:
387:
350:
who negotiated the treaty as a concession for financial relief
382:. The edict forbade the exercise of any religion other than
1100:
366:. The edict revoked the tolerance that had been granted to
342:
611:
before being crushingly defeated later that year at the
1055:
Tulchin, Allan (2006). "The Michelade in Nimes, 1567".
628:
four surety towns were granted to Protestant control.
722:Society in Crisis: France in the Sixteenth Century
358:was a prohibitive religious edict, promulgated by
1178:
1004:Histoire et dictionnaire des Guerres de religion
951:Histoire et dictionnaire des Guerres de religion
419:had lost him Catherine's favour, the Chancellor
1032:The French Wars of Religion: Selected Documents
883:The French Wars of Religion: Selected Documents
1086:
607:. He brought the Huguenots to victory at the
46:
457:Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba
402:
562:
60:
1093:
1079:
978:. Cambridge University Press. p. 22.
908:
791:
666:. Cambridge University Press. p. 66.
53:
39:
27:, who issued the Edict, by François Clouet
1217:Christianity and law in the 16th century
849:. Chicago University Press. p. 367.
844:
824:. Oxford University Press. p. 183.
774:. Chicago University Press. p. 365.
769:
749:. Oxford University Press. p. 181.
696:. Oxford University Press. p. 182.
459:, the Spanish military authority in the
341:
18:
1101:Religious Edicts of the Valois Monarchy
1054:
1034:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 118–21.
1001:
948:
885:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 110–11.
819:
744:
691:
622:
1179:
1029:
938:. Hodder & Stoughton. p. 277.
880:
867:. Hodder & Stoughton. p. 276.
719:
617:Gabriel de Lorges, Count of Montgomery
525:
1074:
1025:
1023:
997:
995:
933:
904:
902:
876:
874:
862:
664:The French Wars of Religion 1562-1629
449:
34:
973:
858:
856:
815:
813:
787:
785:
783:
781:
715:
713:
687:
685:
683:
661:
657:
655:
426:
619:and went on a campaign of pillage.
514:Hôpital withdrew to his estates at
478:
13:
1202:History of Protestantism in France
1020:
992:
899:
871:
483:
439:offered the alienation of 850,000
14:
1228:
853:
810:
778:
724:. Metheun & Co. p. 173.
710:
680:
652:
509:
1197:History of Catholicism in France
631:
567:
240:Succession of Henry IV of France
1048:
1006:. Paris: Laffont. p. 184.
967:
953:. Paris: Laffont. p. 181.
942:
927:
597:rear-guard action in March 1569
463:was furious, and complained to
838:
763:
738:
397:
392:peace of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
292:Franco-Spanish War (1595–1598)
1:
645:
475:on the west coast of France.
609:battle of La Roche-l'Abeille
585:
7:
1212:Edicts of the Ancien Régime
909:Sutherland, Nicola (1973).
792:Sutherland, Nicola (1973).
530:
10:
1233:
1106:
1057:French Historical Studies
1002:Arlette, Jouanna (1998).
949:Arlette, Jouanna (1998).
913:. Macmillan. p. 92.
796:. Macmillan. p. 91.
403:Triumph of the hardliners
83:Conflict in the provinces
72:
845:Thompson, James (1909).
820:Carroll, Stuart (2009).
770:Thompson, James (1909).
745:Carroll, Stuart (2009).
692:Carroll, Stuart (2009).
563:Civil war and revocation
550:
1192:French Wars of Religion
362:at the outbreak of the
215:War of the Three Henrys
64:French Wars of Religion
1159:Edict of Saint-Germain
1117:Edict of Châteaubriant
1111:Edict of Fontainebleau
1030:Potter, David (1997).
881:Potter, David (1997).
720:Salmon, J.H.M (1975).
351:
28:
934:Baird, Henry (1880).
863:Baird, Henry (1880).
605:Gaspard II de Coligny
364:third war of religion
345:
233:Day of the Barricades
22:
974:Wood, James (1996).
623:Peace and revocation
613:Battle of Moncontour
409:Catherine de' Medici
360:Charles IX of France
190:La Charité-sur-Loire
25:Charles IX of France
16:1568 religious edict
1165:Edict of Saint-Maur
1141:Edict of Romorantin
662:Holt, Mack (2005).
526:Terms of Saint-Maur
498:Marshal Montmorency
461:Spanish Netherlands
421:Michel de l'Hôpital
380:peace of Longjumeau
370:, in the edicts of
356:Edict of Saint-Maur
144:Saint-Jean d'Angély
1123:Edict of Compiègne
450:Protestant actions
386:in the kingdom of
352:
300:Fontaine-Française
128:La Roche-l'Abeille
29:
1174:
1173:
1147:Edict of 19 April
427:Financial trouble
417:Surprise of Meaux
339:
338:
154:Fourth; 1572–1573
106:Second; 1567–1568
1224:
1135:Edict of Amboise
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479:Prelude to edict
469:Gaspard de Saulx
176:Fifth; 1574–1576
120:Third; 1568–1570
78:First; 1562–1563
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1129:Edict of Ecouen
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484:Council meeting
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258:Château-Laudran
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1207:1568 in France
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455:councillors.'
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274:1st Luxembourg
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632:Edicts burden
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568:Establishment
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537:Edict of July
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372:Saint-Germain
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368:Protestantism
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346:Portrait of
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153:
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148:Arney-le-Duc
119:
118:
105:
104:
76:
23:Portrait of
473:La Rochelle
437:Pope Pius V
398:Short peace
384:Catholicism
348:Pope Pius V
286:Fort Crozon
242:(1589–1594)
217:(1585–1589)
186:Sixth; 1577
170:La Rochelle
110:Saint-Denis
1181:Categories
1013:2221074254
985:0521525136
960:2221074254
892:0333647998
731:0416730507
646:References
503:Parlements
494:Calvinists
465:Charles IX
308:Le Catelet
140:Moncontour
586:Civil war
575:Parlement
545:Montauban
162:Sommières
531:Preamble
490:Gallican
433:alienate
378:and the
312:Doullens
266:Caudebec
166:Sancerre
132:Poitiers
114:Chartres
541:Castres
376:Amboise
324:La Fère
316:Cambrai
282:Morlaix
221:Coutras
208:La Fère
198:Brouage
194:Issoire
180:Dormans
99:Orléans
1167:(1568)
1161:(1562)
1155:(1561)
1149:(1561)
1143:(1560)
1137:(1560)
1131:(1559)
1125:(1557)
1119:(1551)
1113:(1540)
1038:
1010:
982:
957:
917:
889:
828:
800:
753:
728:
700:
670:
601:Jarnac
442:livres
388:France
332:Amiens
328:Ardres
320:Calais
246:Arques
229:Auneau
225:Vimory
136:Orthez
124:Jarnac
1063:: 26.
639:Nîmes
593:Condé
551:Terms
516:Vigny
278:Blaye
270:Craon
262:Rouen
254:Paris
95:Dreux
91:Vergt
87:Rouen
1061:29 1
1036:ISBN
1008:ISBN
980:ISBN
955:ISBN
915:ISBN
887:ISBN
826:ISBN
798:ISBN
751:ISBN
726:ISBN
698:ISBN
668:ISBN
543:and
354:The
250:Ivry
158:Mons
599:at
304:Ham
256:;
1183::
1059:.
1022:^
994:^
901:^
873:^
855:^
812:^
780:^
712:^
682:^
654:^
374:,
330:;
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