567:
894:
95:
906:
into the
Huguenot rearguard under Bordet and were repulsed, but the skirmish meant Duras halted to assess the situation. Seeing this, Montluc ordered his artillery to open fire on the Protestant infantry, while the delay allowed him to bring his troops into battle formation. Although the bombardment did little damage, Duras held a council of war to decide the best course of action. Of his senior officers, Pardaillon urged an immediate attack, but Bordet advised him to withdraw and ensure the infantry remained intact for Condé.
108:
877:; having failed to send out patrols, they were unaware of how close the enemy was and the Royalists captured 25 of their officers who were out hunting. In the evening Montluc was joined by Burie and his men, who brought with them four pieces of artillery. Duras ordered his cavalry to withdraw from Cendrieux but assumed his officers had been captured by local Catholic partisans and only discovered the truth when the Royalists arrived outside Vergt early on the morning of 9 October.
910:
Duras commanding the rearguard. Seeing his opponents escaping, Montluc ordered the infantry to follow as fast as possible and urged his cavalry forward, gradually closing the gap until they were only 200 metres away. Seeing he could no longer reach safety without abandoning his guns, Duras ordered the rearguard to stand but the
Royalists broke through their position. Retreat became a rout and the Huguenot army dissolved in panic, scattering into the nearby woods.
37:
120:
602:
714:
630:
728:
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686:
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616:
672:
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574:
588:
918:
Contemporaries and later commentators criticised Duras for failing to spot
Montluc until he arrived outside Vergt and for jeopardising the entire army to save his guns. While helped by these mistakes, Montluc's boldness and aggression were key to victory and he received great credit from Montpensier.
544:
and ordered a withdrawal to the safety of some nearby hills, unwilling to risk a pitched battle. Slowed by their artillery train, the
Protestant rearguard was caught in the open by the superior Royalist cavalry, which broke through their formation. Duras escaped with the cavalry but lost most of his
943:
Despite their victory, the
Royalist hold on Guyenne remained precarious and Montluc spent the next few months negotiating with his superiors for more resources. Lacking heavy weapons or military cohesion, the defeated Huguenot army broke into small bands that began raiding Catholic towns throughout
909:
After some discussion, Duras agreed with Bordet, but was forced to wait while the artillery prepared to move. The
Huguenot army headed for some nearby hills, which would provide protection from the Catholic horse, Pardaillon leading the vanguard, the artillery in the centre under Sainte-Hermine and
819:
Burie, who commanded the
Royalist garrison of Bordeaux, was an elderly moderate suspected of Huguenot sympathies with little enthusiasm for the war. In contrast, Monluc proved an energetic defender of Royal authority, who by his own admission executed hundreds of Protestant prisoners and expressed
905:
By abandoning
Cendrieux, Duras gave up a strong defensive position, while the meadows and flat ground around Vergt favoured the superior Catholic cavalry. Still unclear as to the number or location of the enemy, Duras resumed his march north. Several squadrons of Royalist cavalry accidentally ran
931:
with between 800 and 900 men, where he linked up with
Rochefoucauld. Despite further losses from desertion, they reached Orléans on 4 November with around 2,000 men, although many were poorly trained and equipped. However, the troops lost at Vergt left Condé and Coligny short of infantry and
885:
There are few contemporary accounts of the battle, the most comprehensive being the version provided by
Montluc in his "Commentaires". Written around 1576 and heavily edited in light of subsequent events, historians consider many of the details exaggerated or altered to favour a particular
923:
allegedly killed by Spanish troops in the pursuit. Another 500 to 1,000 stragglers or suspected Huguenot sympathisers were summarily executed by Monluc, who later reported "You can see the route I took because the victims are found on the trees and along the roadside".
985:“Had the King paid his companies I should not have suffered ransom to have been in use in this quarrel. It is not...as in a foreign war where men fight for love and honour. In a civil war we must either be master or man, being we live as it were, all under a roof.”
854:, then together join Condé. With Montpensier in Bergerac and Burie in Bordeaux, Duras believed Monluc was still besieging Lectoure, not realising it had already fallen, and he wasted more time sacking
294:
741:
340:
886:
perspective. However, the broad outline is confirmed by reports from his senior officers as well as diplomatic dispatches sent to Philip II and other European rulers, among them
956:
in January 1563 and Bergerac in March, by which time they also controlled most of the countryside around Bordeaux. This was the situation when the two sides made peace in the
203:
566:
474:
358:
466:
478:
298:
509:
rebels under Symphorien de Duras. The battle was a decisive Royalist victory, which destroyed Duras' army, and prevented him reinforcing Protestant forces in the
827:
sent Burie 5,000 Spanish troops, though his inability to pay their wages made them mutinous and unreliable. Over the next few months, Montluc captured Bergerac,
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196:
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233:
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28:
823:
Royalist strategy in the south sought to prevent Duras joining up with the Protestant army in Orléans under Condé. In mid July,
320:
1428:
858:. Hoping to intercept the Protestant army, Monluc advised Burie of his intentions and hastily left Lectoure; he reached
847:
1395:
1556:
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846:
was the only major town in Guyenne still in Protestant hands. Duras decided to combine his forces with those led by
1628:
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450:
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1528:
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on 7 October, where a letter from Burie informed him he was unwilling to act without orders from Montpensier.
412:
1439:
812:, raised between 8,000 and 10,000 troops. Short of money and men, the Royalist commander in southern France,
865:
Montluc managed to convince Burie's senior officers to follow with their men and early next day crossed the
1623:
260:
408:
41:
Blaise de Monluc, painted in the 1570s; badly injured in 1570, the dots indicate missing parts of his face
1388:
Queen Jeanne and the Promised Land: Dynasty, Homeland, Religion and Violence in Sixteenth-Century France
1618:
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Royalist losses were minimal, Huguenot casualties between 1,800 and 2,000 dead, many of whom were
536:. Duras recruited around 10,000 reinforcements, but then wasted several months seeking to capture
312:
1613:
948:
in an increasingly vicious guerrilla war. Led by Armand de Clermont, Baron de Piles, they retook
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with the few troops he had available. Here he learned Duras' artillery and infantry were at
859:
1587:
The Wars of Religion in France 1559–1576: The Huguenots, Catherine de Medici and Phillip II
994:
Montluc later claimed only "200 to 300" escaped but this is not supported by other Sources.
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770:
446:
436:
424:
308:
290:
808:
and Guyenne. To fill this need, Symphorien de Duras, the local Protestant leader based in
8:
1481:
Knecht, Robert (1995). "The sword and the pen: Blaise de Monluc and his "Commentaires"".
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regret lack of funds forced him to ransom captured officers, rather than kill them.
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521:. As such, it is considered a turning point in the first French War of Religion.
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532:, while Condé and Coligny quickly seized much of central France north of the
928:
777:. Shortly after taking office, Montluc reported that "all of Guyenne, save
757:
did not formally begin until April 1562, by late 1561 much of southwestern
510:
181:
866:
1502:
524:
When the war began in April 1562, Protestant rebels controlled much of
797:
1414:
Forneron, H (1876). "Note sur la bataille de Vergt 15 Octobre 1562".
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804:, but he was short of infantry who were traditionally recruited from
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Peace and Authority during the French Religious Wars c. 1560-1600
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540:. On 9 October, he was surprised by Montluc near the village of
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1416:
Bulletin de la Société historique et archéologique du Périgord
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835:, while Duras focused on trying to take Bordeaux, despite
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1214:
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976:
Some historians argue the battle took place on 15 October
1129:
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901:, showing the meadows that favoured the Catholic cavalry
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and rapidly over-ran large parts of central France and
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873:, with his cavalry stationed in the nearby village of
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was already in a state of civil war. In January 1562,
1444:
in the Historiography of the French Wars of Religion"
1124:
1070:
1034:
1097:
1085:
1510:Montluc, Blaise de (1964). Courteault, Paul (ed.).
927:Duras escaped with most of the cavalry and reached
1568:Society in Crisis: France in the Sixteenth Century
1364:
1058:
839:urging him to march north and reinforce Condé.
1595:
1521:The French Wars of Religion: Selected Documents
559:First French War of Religion in the provinces
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601:
1540:Queen of Navarre: Jeanne d'Albret 1528-1572
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1514:(in French). Bibliothèque de la Pléiade.
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497:took place on 9 October 1562 during the
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29:First French War of Religion (1562-1563)
16:1562 conflict in French Wars of Religion
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1609:Military history of Nouvelle-Aquitaine
1604:Battles of the French Wars of Religion
1596:
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1464:The French Wars of Religion, 1562-1629
1409:(in French). Bibliothèque Méridionale.
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1103:
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1208:
185:
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713:
1427:Haag, Eugène; Haag, Emilie (1852).
13:
1495:10.1111/j.1477-4658.1995.tb00303.x
792:On 2 April, the Protestant leader
14:
1640:
1512:Commentaires de Blaise de Montluc
1442:Commentaires de Blaise de Montluc
1430:La France Protestante, Volume III
629:
555:1559-1562 French political crisis
501:, between a Royalist army led by
848:François III de La Rochefoucauld
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391:Succession of Henry IV of France
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936:in December. Duras died at the
932:contributed to their defeat at
1466:. Cambridge University Press.
970:
850:, who was currently besieging
773:to restore Royal authority in
671:
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443:Franco-Spanish War (1595–1598)
1:
1433:(in French). Joel Cherbuliez.
1001:
748:; key locations 1562 campaign
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1407:Blaise de Montluc; Historien
913:
816:, was unable to intervene.
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499:first French War of Religion
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1589:. Chicago University Press.
1542:. Harvard University Press.
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1645:
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814:Louis, Duke of Montpensier
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1405:Courteault, Paul (1908).
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234:Conflict in the provinces
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1585:Thompson, James (1909).
1570:. University Paperback.
1438:Gould, Kevin Dr (2005).
963:
897:View of the area around
1629:Battles involving Spain
1547:Roberts, Penny (2013).
1538:Roelker, Nancy (1968).
755:French Wars of Religion
366:War of the Three Henrys
215:French Wars of Religion
1566:Salmon, J.H.M (1979).
1551:. Palgrave Macmillan.
1519:Potter, David (1997).
1386:Bryson, David (1999).
960:, signed on 19 March.
902:
888:Elizabeth I of England
130:Commanders and leaders
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515:Gaspard II de Coligny
384:Day of the Barricades
168:Casualties and losses
1335:Haag & Haag 1852
1284:Haag & Haag 1852
950:Sainte-Foy-la-Grande
771:Charles IX of France
742:class=notpageimage|
341:La Charité-sur-Loire
144:Symphorien de Duras
1624:History of Dordogne
1483:Renaissance Studies
1462:Holt, Mack (2005).
1451:Renaissance Journal
1361:, pp. 467–468.
1298:, pp. 464–465.
852:Saint-Jean-d'Angély
295:Saint-Jean d'Angély
1259:, pp. 99–100.
952:in December 1562,
903:
842:By early October,
825:Philip II of Spain
785:" was held by the
769:were appointed by
746:Nouvelle-Aquitaine
451:Fontaine-Française
279:La Roche-l'Abeille
1619:Conflicts in 1562
1211:, pp. 24–25.
1055:, pp. 57–58.
1031:, pp. 73–75.
763:Blaise de Montluc
503:Blaise de Montluc
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305:Fourth; 1572–1573
257:Second; 1567–1568
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876:
872:
868:
863:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
840:
838:
834:
830:
826:
821:
817:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
790:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
747:
743:
568:
560:
556:
546:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
522:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
485:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
439:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
392:
386:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
367:
361:
360:
356:
355:Seventh; 1580
351:
350:
346:
342:
338:
333:
332:
328:
323:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
301:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
267:
266:
262:
258:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
230:
226:
225:
222:
217:
207:
202:
200:
195:
193:
188:
187:
184:
175:
172:
171:
166:
163:10,000-12,000
162:
160:5,000 Spanish
158:5,000 French
157:
156:
151:
143:
141:
137:
134:
133:
128:
125:
121:
117:
115:
102:
90:
89:
84:
76:
73:
72:
68:
64:
60:
57:
56:
52:
49:
48:
44:
38:
33:
30:
25:
20:
1586:
1567:
1548:
1539:
1520:
1511:
1486:
1482:
1463:
1454:
1450:
1441:
1429:
1419:
1415:
1406:
1387:
1366:
1354:
1342:
1315:
1308:Montluc 1964
1303:
1291:
1264:
1252:
1240:
1228:
1216:
1204:
1192:
1165:
1158:Roelker 1968
1153:
1146:Roelker 1968
1141:
1099:
1092:Roberts 2013
1087:
1060:
1053:Roberts 2013
1048:
1041:Roelker 1968
1036:
1024:
990:
981:
972:
942:
929:Montmorillon
926:
917:
908:
904:
884:
864:
841:
822:
818:
791:
752:
720:Montmorillon
545:infantry.
523:
511:Loire Valley
494:
492:
442:
441:
389:
388:
364:
363:
354:
353:
336:
335:
326:
325:
304:
303:
299:Arney-le-Duc
270:
269:
256:
255:
241:
227:
86:Belligerents
1134:Bryson 1999
1104:Knecht 1995
1029:Potter 1997
437:Fort Crozon
393:(1589–1594)
368:(1585–1589)
337:Sixth; 1577
321:La Rochelle
261:Saint-Denis
1598:Categories
1577:0416730507
1530:0312175450
1209:Gould 2005
1002:References
753:While the
549:Background
459:Le Catelet
291:Moncontour
148:Pardaillon
146:De Bordet
1390:. Brill.
1371:Holt 2005
1065:Holt 2005
914:Aftermath
875:Cendrieux
844:Montauban
789:rebels.
636:Montauban
313:Sommières
124:Huguenots
1503:24412373
954:Mussidan
946:Dordogne
833:Lectoure
810:Bergerac
802:Normandy
787:Huguenot
783:Bordeaux
779:Toulouse
734:Mussidan
706:Toulouse
692:Bordeaux
650:Lectoure
622:Bergerac
538:Bordeaux
507:Huguenot
463:Doullens
417:Caudebec
317:Sancerre
283:Poitiers
265:Chartres
153:Strength
58:Location
27:Part of
1380:Sources
806:Gascony
798:Orléans
796:seized
775:Guyenne
530:Gascony
526:Guyenne
513:led by
475:La Fère
467:Cambrai
433:Morlaix
372:Coutras
359:La Fère
349:Brouage
345:Issoire
331:Dormans
250:Orléans
173:Minimal
1574:
1555:
1527:
1501:
1470:
1394:
881:Battle
867:Vézère
860:Siorac
856:Carlux
759:France
678:Siorac
664:Carlux
483:Amiens
479:Ardres
471:Calais
397:Arques
380:Auneau
376:Vimory
287:Orthez
275:Jarnac
111:
101:France
98:
74:Result
67:France
1499:JSTOR
1447:(PDF)
1440:"The
964:Notes
934:Dreux
899:Vergt
871:Vergt
794:Condé
767:Burie
580:Vergt
542:Vergt
534:Loire
519:Condé
429:Blaye
421:Craon
413:Rouen
405:Paris
246:Dreux
242:Vergt
238:Rouen
114:Spain
63:Vergt
1572:ISBN
1553:ISBN
1525:ISBN
1468:ISBN
1457:(4).
1392:ISBN
944:the
831:and
829:Agen
781:and
765:and
594:Agen
557:and
528:and
517:and
505:and
493:The
401:Ivry
309:Mons
50:Date
1491:doi
890:.
455:Ham
407:;
1600::
1497:.
1485:.
1453:.
1449:.
1418:.
1327:^
1276:^
1177:^
1126:^
1111:^
1072:^
1009:^
481:;
477:;
473:;
469:;
465:;
461:;
457:;
453:;
449:;
435:;
431:;
427:;
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411:;
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382:;
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65:,
1580:.
1561:.
1533:.
1505:.
1493::
1487:9
1476:.
1455:2
1422:.
1420:3
1400:.
205:e
198:t
191:v
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