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reported on March 27, 1927, that the exhibition had arrived in New York City and that it had attracted "more interest than any exhibition of sculpture New York has known in a long while." After being exhibited for three weeks in the
Reinhardt Galleries, Bryant Baker's model won first place in the New
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I believe all of the sculptors have done well. We could select any one of the twelve figures and get an excellent interpretation of the frontier woman. The decision will be a hard one to make. I expect to be guided largely by public taste, but the final decision will be my own. This national vote is
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published news of
Marland's engagement (a month before) to Lydie Marland, the daughter of his late wife's sister on January 6, 1928. The front-page notice was followed by an adjacent item reporting the reaction by Miss Roberts' mother, "who broke down and wept when she learned of the engagment." On
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statue. Marland paid each sculptor a commission for these models, which has been variously cited as $ 10,000 and as $ 2,000 for each submission. The miniatures were shipped for exhibit in twelve cities, where they were viewed by a total of 750,000 people. Marland invited them to cast votes for
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At this time, Oklahoma had an estimated 150,000 Oklahomans that were unemployed and 700,000 on relief. Marland asked the
Fifteenth Legislature for a board to craft policy to develop the physical infrastructure of the state with investments to create a more diverse economy. The Legislature responded
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to create jobs through public works projects such as construction of dams and tree planting. The State
Highway Department expanded its road work and created thousands of jobs. Historic properties and renovated, archeological excavations were undertaken to identify and preserve resources, and other
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were not in favor of his plans. The legislature was more concerned with reducing the state's massive deficit (roughly a quarter of billion dollars in modern currency). Marland, an avid supporter of FDR, stressed the need for the state government to work with the federal government in creating jobs
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Marland and his first wife
Virginia did not have any children. To share their wealth and help her sister Margaret Roberts and her family, in 1916 they adopted their two children, George and Lydie, who were then 19 and 16 years old. The Marlands sent them to private school and gave them other
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who boasted in his later years that he never had a strike in his mill and his workers remembered him as having been "always fair to labor". This gave the son his belief in capitalism and his understanding of the importance of good labor relations.
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statue was created by sculptor Bryant Baker and was unveiled in a public ceremony on April 22, 1930. Forty thousand guests came to hear Will Rogers pay tribute to
Oklahoma's pioneers. The statue is 27 feet (8.2 m) high and weighs 12,000
848:, and based on the lives of EW and Lydie Marland. The screenplay was said to explore the controversial love affair between the oil baron and former Oklahoma governor, and his adopted daughter, who built a mansion and other extravagances in
549:. Through the Compact, six oil-producing states agreed to practice oil conservation and establish a fair price for petroleum. The governing body of the Compact was a commission, of which Marland was elected to serve as the first president.
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as a dinner guest in the
Wollman household, long before he was a candidate for president. Wollman spoke about women's role during pioneer days in the Old West and congratulated Marland for his proposal to erect a statue in her honor.
552:
Marland's term as governor ended on
January 9, 1939. Through more than 1,300 WPA projects, he had created jobs for more than 90,000 Oklahomans. After his term, he returned to Ponca City and tried to recreate the Marland Oil Company .
274:
Marland made fortunes in oil in
Pennsylvania in the 1900s and in Oklahoma in the 1920s, and lost each in the volatility of the industry and the times. At the height of his wealth in the 1920s, Marland built a mansion known as the
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After law school, Marland returned to
Pittsburgh where he started a private practice. Through his experiences as an attorney, he became interested in geology and entered the developing
342:. By 1907 he had become a millionaire from his oil dealings in Pennsylvania, but lost a fortune in a downturn. They decided to move to Oklahoma, where they found renewed success in its
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addressed the nation in a radio broadcast to commemorate the statue. He said, "It was those women who carried the refinement, the moral character and spiritual force into the West.
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in Ponca City (it was incorporated in Delaware on October 8, 1920) and served as its president. In 1928, the Marland Oil Company was taken over in a hostile bid process by
403:. Marland was successful in reestablishing his fortune and, by 1920, it was estimated at $ 85,000,000 (roughly $ 910,000,000 in modern dollars). That year he founded the
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Unlike many men of the period, Marland waited to marry until he was well-established. He first married Mary Virginia Collins, known as Virginia, on November 5, 1903, in
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reported that "Baker not only won first honors, but was the last man to enter the contest having no more than a month to prepare his model and obtain a casting."
353:, then ages 19 and 16, respectively. They sent them to private schools and gave them other opportunities. The Marlands were together until Virginia's death from
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In 1916, to help Virginia's sister Margaret Roberts and husband George Roberts, and to share their wealth, they adopted the Roberts' two children, George and
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to two percent. Marland introduced legislation to appropriate funds raised by the sales tax for aid to the handicapped, the elderly, and dependent children.
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829:(2016), which he co-produced with Steve Herrin. Supported with funding by the Marland Foundation, the film was featured with a panel discussion at the
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Marland served in Congress for a single term, from 1933 to 1935. He declined reelection after entering the Democratic primaries to succeed Governor
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July 14, 1928, Marland married Lydie Roberts in Philadelphia. She was 28 and he was 54. They were together until his death on October 3, 1941.
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443:. His treatment at the hands of Morgan and other eastern monopoly giants gave him a distrust of them, leading him to register as a
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Despite Marland's efforts, most Oklahoman politicians never fully embraced the New Deal. What the Legislature would accept was a
392:. By 1908, Marland was broke and without a job. Hoping to start their lives over, Marland and Virginia moved to the new state of
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271:, working to relieve the distress of unemployed people in the state, and to build infrastructure as investment for the future.
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was cast in the role of Lydie Marland. The screenplay went through several rewrites and the film may still be in development.
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474:. Marland won both the Democratic nomination and the election in November 1934 to serve as the tenth governor of the state.
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reported on March 27, 1927, that among the visitors was 91‑year‑old Betty Wollman, who as a young bride had journeyed from
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in Pennsylvania. He invested in new wells and companies and, by the age of 33, Marland had become a self-made millionaire.
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Marland commissioned twelve miniature 3-foot (0.91 m) sculptures by US and international sculptors as models for the
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415:. Marland's oil empire was destroyed and he was pushed out of the company and replaced as President of Marland Oil by
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623:– a monument of great size?" Marland answered, "The Indian is not the vanishing American – it's the pioneer woman."
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Marland was educated in private schools, he did collegiate and law studies on an accelerated schedule, earning his
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in Pennsylvania and Oklahoma, and politician who was a U.S. representative and Oklahoma governor. He served in the
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283:, after introducing fox hunts (and red foxes) and polo games to the local elite society. It has been designated a
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Marland quickly instituted a program that would become known as the "Little New Deal". From the start, the
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On January 15, 1935, Marland was inaugurated as governor. Several years before, the widower had married
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advantages. Two years after Virginia's death in 1926, Marland had Lydie's adoption annulled. He married
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Marland died of a heart condition on October 3, 1941, at the age of 67. He is buried in Ponca City.
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In the early 1920s while enjoying his great oil wealth, Marland decided to commission a statue, the
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by Jo Davidson, who had already sculpted statues of Marland and his adopted children: George and
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going to show exactly what the American people think about one of the greatest of their women.
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Ernest Whitworth Marland, My Experience With the Money Trust (Enid, Okla.: Enid Press, 1932)
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that year, and she later accompanied him to Washington, D.C., and the governor's mansion.
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Scales, James R. and Danny Goble (1982). "E.W. Marland: The New Deal's Pale Imitation".
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On April 22, 1930, at a reception for 40,000 guests, Baker's sculpture was unveiled in
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Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Oklahoma
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with the 15-member State Planning and Resources Board. The Board worked with FDR's
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1277:"Jennifer Lawrence cast as former Oklahoma first lady Lydie Marland in a new film"
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897:, located on Grand Avenue with eight acres of formal gardens, is listed on the
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287:. The Marland-Paris Mansion, his former home on Grand Avenue, is listed on the
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970:"E.W. Marland to Marry Adopted Daughter; Oil Man Plans Wedding within a Month"
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were instrumental in the founding of the Kansas-Oklahoma division of the
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The exhibition touched a popular chord in American culture of the time.
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459:. Through association with FDR, Marland was elected in 1932 to the
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Though he did not balance the state's budget, Marland created the
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Filmmaker Scott Swearingen made a documentary about the oilman,
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Louise Abercrombie, "Pioneer Woman Models Return to Ponca City"
396:. They settled in Ponca City, where he resumed his oil career.
311:, Pennsylvania on May 8, 1874. His father was a mill owner in
1023:, Ponca City, Oklahoma: City of Ponca City, 2001, pp. 17, 20
1021:
Marland Estate Mansion and E.W. Marland: Ponca City, Oklahoma
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models. The models are now on display at the Marland Mansion.
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is 27 feet (8.2 m) high and weighs 12,000 pounds.
840:, announced that it was to produce the romantic drama film
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their favorite but said he would make the final selection.
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again but was unsuccessful against a Republican candidate.
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Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Oklahoma
1202:"Statue of the Pioneer Woman Stirs Memories of Long Ago",
427:, then known as "Mid-Continent Oil and Gas Association".
419:. He lost all of his wealth for the second time. He and
251:(May 8, 1874 – October 3, 1941) was an American lawyer,
1252:"Marland legacy beyond scandal told in new documentary"
1088:
Life and Death of an Oilman: The Career of E.W. Marland
267:, he initiated a "Little Deal" in Oklahoma during the
259:
from northern Oklahoma, 1933 to 1935 and as the tenth
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is listed on the National Register of Historic Places
1294:. "Jennifer Lawrence travels to 'Ends of the Earth'"
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1995:
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1090:, 1941; reprint University of Oklahoma Press, 1974.
1034:"Mid-Continent Oil and Gas Association of Oklahoma"
413:
Continental Oil and Transportation Company (CONOCO)
364:E. W. Marland had Lydie Roberts Marland's adoption
878:His Italianate mansion in Ponca City, the 55-room
1128:
968:Special to the New York Times (January 6, 1928).
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844:, written by Academy Award-winning screenwriter
525:, increased school funds, and raising the state
827:High Stakes: The Life and Times of E.W. Marland
797:paid tribute to Oklahoma's pioneers. President
1219:PoncaCity.com Attractions: "The Pioneer Woman"
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778:. Marland's personal favorite was said to be
388:That same year, Marland lost millions in the
1423:U.S. House of Representatives
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1082:
1080:
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2806:American businesspeople in the oil industry
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611:make a statue to the vanishing American, a
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58:January 15, 1935 – January 9, 1939
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976:. Vol. 77, no. 25549. p. 1
102:U.S. House of Representatives
2856:University of Michigan Law School alumni
1057:
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864:
585:
570:
481:
125:March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935
1250:Lackmeyer, Steve (September 11, 2016).
1233:"The Pioneer Woman Praised by Hoover",
1168:, Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 1997
1093:
1065:, Sixth ed. Harlow Publishing Company.
563:
477:
2801:Democratic Party governors of Oklahoma
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819:
558:United States House of Representatives
461:United States House of Representatives
333:
257:United States House of Representatives
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1735:
1451:
1429:Oklahoma's 8th congressional district
1052:
948:
465:Oklahoma's 8th congressional district
425:United States Oil and Gas Association
346:. They had no children of their own.
307:Ernest Whitworth Marland was born in
2773:
899:National Register of Historic Places
793:in a public ceremony. Guest speaker
762:, in 1855. She had once entertained
289:National Register of Historic Places
578:by John Gregory: one of the twelve
455:programs from the beginning of his
13:
2530:
770:The winning statue nationwide was
14:
2872:
2861:20th-century Oklahoma politicians
1307:
1112:. January 2, 1928. Archived from
1002:. Associated Press. July 28, 1987
229:University of Michigan Law School
213:1) Mary Virginia Collins Marland
2836:People from Ponca City, Oklahoma
2772:
2761:
2760:
2559:
1890:
1884:
1552:
1184:"Pioneer Woman Seen in Bronze",
927:Fourth State of the State Speech
917:Second State of the State Speech
893:His previous home, known as the
860:
634:The twelve submissions included
357:on June 6, 1926, in Ponca City,
1292:Jeff Sneider and Rachel Adams,
1286:
1269:
1166:Mahonri Young: His Life and Art
1158:
922:Third State of the State Speech
912:First State of the State Speech
16:American politician (1874–1941)
1026:
1014:
988:
961:
939:
439:background, Marland was not a
430:
1:
1421:Member of the
1406:U.S. House of Representatives
556:In 1940, Marland ran for the
535:Works Progress Administration
2604:Trans-Alaska Pipeline System
1036:. okmoga.com. Archived from
956:Oklahoma Politics: A History
932:
7:
2841:Politicians from Pittsburgh
906:State of the State speeches
831:Oklahoma Historical Society
10:
2877:
1882:
1061:Gibson, Arrell M. (1972).
888:National Historic Landmark
514:and support for families.
340:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
330:at the age of 19 in 1893.
285:National Historic Landmark
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1994:
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1724:indicate acting governors
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1316:, Marland Mansion Website
1063:Harlow's Oklahoma History
958:. University of Oklahoma.
648:Alexander Stirling Calder
538:resources were enhanced.
521:provision to the state's
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2656:Conoco-Phillips Building
1335:Party political offices
811:
303:Early life and education
263:from 1935 to 1939. As a
249:Ernest Whitworth Marland
1314:History of E.W. Marland
996:"Lydie Roberts Marland"
543:Oklahoma Highway Patrol
2846:American Episcopalians
2671:Theddlethorpe Terminal
2551:Phillips Petroleum Co.
1328:, Hugh Pickens website
1326:"Pioneer Woman Models"
1147:April 5, 2006, at the
874:
833:on September 13, 2016.
748:
598:
583:
547:Interstate Oil Compact
495:
325:University of Michigan
277:Palace of the Prairies
238:Lawyer, Businessperson
2851:ConocoPhillips people
2811:Petroleum in Oklahoma
2599:ConocoPhillips Alaska
1479:Governors of Oklahoma
1086:John Joseph Mathews,
880:E. W. Marland Mansion
868:
743:
704:Hermon Atkins MacNeil
589:
574:
500:Lydie Roberts Marland
485:
449:Franklin D. Roosevelt
401:101 Ranch Oil Company
399:He first founded the
217:Lydie Roberts Marland
2831:Pennsylvania lawyers
1388:Governor of Oklahoma
1354:Governor of Oklahoma
1221:, Ponca City Website
1116:on November 21, 2010
1040:on February 28, 2014
850:Ponca City, Oklahoma
836:In August 2012, the
737:York balloting. The
478:Governor of Oklahoma
447:. Marland supported
411:and was merged with
359:Kay County, Oklahoma
261:governor of Oklahoma
193:Ponca City, Oklahoma
178:, Pennsylvania, U.S.
46:Governor of Oklahoma
2661:Denali Gas Pipeline
1153:The Ponca City News
884:John Duncan Forsyth
820:Movie about Marland
760:Leavenworth, Kansas
756:St. Louis, Missouri
519:homestead exemption
405:Marland Oil Company
334:Marriage and family
1373:Political offices
1235:The New York Times
1204:The New York Times
1186:The New York Times
1164:Toone, Thomas E.,
974:The New York Times
895:Marland Grand Home
875:
871:Marland Grand Home
752:The New York Times
733:The New York Times
599:
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496:
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2733:Houston Rodeo Run
2666:Rampside Terminal
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2498:
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1729:
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1491:
1490:(1890–1907)
1446:
1445:
1437:Succeeded by
1395:Succeeded by
1381:William H. Murray
1363:Succeeded by
1343:William H. Murray
1283:. August 6, 2012.
1237:, April 23, 1930.
1206:, March 27, 1927.
1188:, March 20, 1927.
886:, was declared a
854:Jennifer Lawrence
842:Ends of the Earth
838:Weinstein Company
486:E. W. Marland by
472:William H. Murray
409:J. P. Morgan, Jr.
246:
245:
81:William H. Murray
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2697:Archie W. Dunham
2620:Concho Resources
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1415:Milton C. Garber
1412:Preceded by
1398:Leon C. Phillips
1378:Preceded by
1366:Leon C. Phillips
1340:Preceded by
1332:
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1322:, Oklahoma State
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1300:, August 6, 2012
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720:Wheeler Williams
523:ad valorem taxes
269:Great Depression
189:
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158:Personal details
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136:Milton C. Garber
132:
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93:Leon C. Phillips
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25:E. W. Marland
22:
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2585:Subsidiaries
2539:Predecessors
2395:
2367:8th district
2327:7th district
2247:6th district
2142:5th district
2067:4th district
1997:3rd district
1902:2nd district
1772:1st district
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1487:Territorial
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1259:. Retrieved
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846:Chris Terrio
841:
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660:Affectionate
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188:(1941-10-03)
143:Succeeded by
120:
88:Succeeded by
53:
18:
2821:1941 deaths
2816:1874 births
2738:Phillips 66
2707:James Mulva
2692:John Carrig
2687:Boots Adams
1956:Risenhoover
1871:Bridenstine
1281:Tulsa World
1006:October 11,
1000:Tulsa World
795:Will Rogers
700:Challenging
676:Adventurous
656:Jo Davidson
609:Jo Davidson
488:Jo Davidson
431:Congressman
173:May 8, 1874
131:Preceded by
76:Preceded by
2795:Categories
2680:Key people
2649:Facilities
2356:Wickersham
2346:Wickersham
2341:Massingale
2291:Wickersham
2281:Wickersham
2111:G. Johnson
2026:Cartwright
1811:Montgomery
1434:1933–1935
1392:1935–1939
1350:Democratic
1120:August 10,
1104:"Pioneers"
980:January 6,
852:. Actress
791:Ponca City
708:Determined
696:Arthur Lee
668:Protective
576:Protective
494:, Oklahoma
492:Ponca City
457:presidency
441:Republican
328:Law School
313:Pittsburgh
309:Pittsburgh
281:Ponca City
235:Profession
224:Alma mater
204:Democratic
176:Pittsburgh
169:1874-05-08
64:Lieutenant
2462:Territory
2336:McClintic
2016:Davenport
2006:Davenport
1951:McSpadden
1946:Edmondson
1926:Robertson
1786:Davenport
1651:Edmondson
1641:J. Murray
1616:W. Murray
1591:Robertson
1071:495907380
933:Citations
772:Confident
636:Confident
527:sales tax
417:Dan Moran
355:pneumonia
323:from the
210:Spouse(s)
121:In office
54:In office
44:10th
2767:Category
2480:Callahan
2442:Thompson
2427:At-large
2401:Ferguson
2381:Swindall
2301:J. Smith
2221:Lankford
2196:Monroney
2191:G. Smith
2156:Thompson
2106:L. Boren
2101:Gassaway
2046:Brewster
1986:Brecheen
1976:D. Boren
1931:Hastings
1921:Hastings
1866:Sullivan
1821:O'Connor
1801:Chandler
1791:Chandler
1666:Bartlett
1626:Phillips
1611:Holloway
1606:Johnston
1586:Williams
1539:Ferguson
1145:Archived
890:in 1977.
780:Trusting
716:Fearless
692:Faithful
652:Trusting
619:, or an
545:and the
490:, 1928,
453:New Deal
445:Democrat
394:Oklahoma
366:annulled
344:oil boom
265:Democrat
114:district
108:Oklahoma
2779:Commons
2631:Marland
2592:Current
2490:McGuire
2416:Belcher
2396:Marland
2386:Herrick
2311:English
2261:Gensman
2226:Russell
2206:Edwards
2161:Harreld
2121:McCurdy
2096:McKeown
2091:Pringey
2086:McKeown
2051:Watkins
2041:Watkins
2031:Stewart
2011:Creager
1941:Stigler
1936:Nichols
1861:Largent
1846:Belcher
1841:Schwabe
1831:Schwabe
1781:McGuire
1722:Italics
1696:Keating
1691:Walters
1686:Bellmon
1661:Bellmon
1621:Marland
1576:Haskell
1527:Jenkins
1517:Renfrow
1298:Variety
1044:May 26,
597:pounds.
2636:ProJET
2625:Lukoil
2613:Former
2576:Conoco
2569:Brands
2546:Conoco
2470:Harvey
2452:Rogers
2447:Weaver
2440:
2436:Murray
2411:Wilson
2406:Rizley
2391:Garber
2376:Morgan
2286:Morris
2276:Morris
2266:Thomas
2256:Ferris
2216:Fallin
2211:Istook
2201:Jarman
2151:Ferris
2081:Murray
2076:Carter
2036:Albert
2021:Carter
1981:Mullin
1971:Carson
1966:Coburn
1916:Morgan
1911:Fulton
1856:Inhofe
1836:Gilmer
1826:Disney
1816:Howard
1806:Howard
1796:Howard
1706:Fallin
1636:Turner
1596:Walton
1563:State
1544:Frantz
1533:Grimes
1522:Barnes
1506:Martin
1500:Steele
1426:from
1261:May 1,
1069:
724:Sturdy
722:; and
684:Heroic
567:statue
377:Career
368:. The
195:, U.S.
2627:(20%)
2485:Flynn
2475:Flynn
2351:Peden
2316:Lucas
2176:Swank
2171:Stone
2166:Swank
2126:Watts
2116:Steed
2056:Lucas
1961:Synar
1851:Jones
1711:Stitt
1701:Henry
1676:Boren
1601:Trapp
1581:Cruce
812:Death
784:Lydie
758:, to
739:Times
621:Osage
613:Ponca
351:Lydie
321:LL.B.
106:from
2306:Camp
2236:Bice
2231:Horn
2186:Hill
2131:Cole
1876:Hern
1681:Nigh
1671:Hall
1656:Nigh
1646:Gary
1631:Kerr
1512:Seay
1359:1934
1263:2020
1122:2008
1109:Time
1067:OCLC
1046:2014
1008:2021
982:2024
869:The
617:Otoe
590:The
509:and
183:Died
163:Born
2181:Lee
726:by
718:by
710:by
702:by
694:by
686:by
678:by
670:by
662:by
654:by
650:;
646:by
638:by
451:'s
279:in
215:2)
112:8th
110:'s
2797::
1296:,
1279:,
1254:.
1242:^
1226:^
1211:^
1193:^
1173:^
1151:,
1130:^
1106:.
1095:^
1077:^
1054:^
998:.
972:.
786:.
730:.
714:;
706:;
698:;
690:;
682:;
674:;
666:;
658:;
642:;
615:,
361:.
291:.
2524:e
2517:t
2510:v
1755:e
1748:t
1741:v
1471:e
1464:t
1457:v
1265:.
1124:.
1048:.
1010:.
984:.
901:.
171:)
167:(
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