187:
dragline application in 1924. Page also invented the arched dragline bucket, a design still commonly used today by draglines from many other manufacturers, and in the 1960s pioneered an archless bucket design. With its walking mechanism badly behind that of competitor
Monighan (see below), Page updated their mechanism to an eccentric drive in 1935. This much improved mechanism gave a proper elliptical motion and was used until 1988. Page modernized its draglines further with the 700 series in 1954. Page's largest dragline was the Model 757 delivered to the Obed Mine near Hinton, Alberta in 1983. It featured a 75-yard bucket on a 298-foot boom and an operating weight of 4,500 tons. In 1988, Harnischfeger Corporation (
236:
invented the first walking mechanism for a dragline. The device, known as the
Martinson Tractor, was installed on a Monighan dragline, creating the first walking dragline. This gave Monighan a significant advantage over other draglines and the company prospered. The cam mechanism was further improved in 1925 by eliminating the drag chains for the shoes and changing to a cam wheel running in an oval track. This gave the shoe a proper elliptical motion. The first dragline using the new mechanism was the 3-W available in 1926. So popular were these machines that the name Monighan became a generic term for dragline. In the early 1930s,
728:. It represents the first fundamental change to draglines for almost a century, since the invention of the 'miracle hitch'. Instead of using two ropes (the hoist rope and the drag rope) to manipulate the bucket, a UDD machine uses four ropes, two hoist and two drag. This allows the dragline operator to have much greater selectivity in when to pick up the bucket, and in how the bucket may be dumped. UDD machines generally have higher productivity than a standard dragline, but often have greater mechanical issues. Within the mining industry, there is still much debate as to whether UDD improvements justify their costs.
29:
484:
449:
221:
574:
400:
348:
309:
256:
increased and in 1924 they reached an agreement to build Marion draglines from 1 to 8 cubic yards capacity. In 1927, they built Type-7 1-yard and Type-460 1.5-yard models. The deal to build Marion machines ended in 1936. R&R began building their own designs with the Type-4120 followed by the 4140 of 3.5 cubic yards. In 1958 the
Ramsomes & Rapier division was sold to
937:
560:. Ruston's are a company also associated with drainage pumping engines. Electric drive systems were only used on the larger mining machines, most modern machines use a diesel-hydraulic drive, as machines are seldom in one location long enough to justify the cost of installing a substation and supply cables.
226:
225:
222:
339:. Once the bucket had passed the vertical, the hoist cable would be released thus throwing the bucket. On smaller draglines, a skilled operator could make the bucket land about one-half the length of the jib further away than if it had just been dropped. On larger draglines, this is not a common practice.
227:
415:
place too much pressure on the ground, and have great difficulty under the immense weight of the dragline. Maximum speed is only at most a few metres per minute, since the feet must be repositioned for each step. If travelling medium distances (about 30–100 km), a special dragline carrier can be
871:
363:
50–100 million. A typical bucket has a volume ranging from 40 to 80 cubic yards (30 to 60 cubic metres), though extremely large buckets have ranged up to 220 cubic yards (168 cubic meters). The length of the boom ranges from 45 to 100 metres (148 to 328 ft). In a single cycle, it can move up to
290:
The market for draglines began shrinking rapidly after the boom of the 1960s and 1970s which led to more mergers. P&H's acquisition of Page in 1988 along with
Bucyrus' acquisition of Ransomes & Rapier in 1988 and Marion in 1997 cut the number of worldwide suppliers of heavy draglines by more
286:
built for the Ohio Coal
Company in 1969. This machine featured a 220-yard bucket on a 450-foot boom and weighed 14,500 tons. Bucyrus was itself acquired by heavy equipment and diesel engine maker, Caterpillar, in 2011. Caterpillar's largest dragline is the 8750 with a 169-yard bucket, 435-foot boom,
255:
was founded in 1869 by four engineers to build railway equipment and other heavy works. In 1914 they started building two small steam shovels as a result of a customer request. The rope-operated crowd system they built for this was patented and later sold to
Bucyrus. After WWI, demand for excavators
99:
Draglines fall into two broad categories: those that are based on standard, lifting cranes, and the heavy units which have to be built on-site. Most crawler cranes, with an added winch drum on the front, can act as a dragline. These units (like other cranes) are designed to be temporarily dismantled
852:
186:
to build draglines. Page built its first crude walking dragline in 1923. These used legs operated by rack and pinion on a separate frame that lifted the crane. The body was then pulled forward by chain on a roller track and then lowered again. Page developed the first diesel engines exclusively for
890:
235:
In 1907, Monighan's
Machine Works of Chicago became interested in manufacturing draglines when local contractor John W. Page placed an order for hoisting machinery to install one. In 1908, Monighan changed its name to the Monighan Machine Company. In 1913, a Monighan engineer named Oscar Martinson
814:
424:
The primary limitations of draglines are their boom height and boom length, which limits where the dragline can dump the waste material. Another primary limitation is their dig depth, which is limited by the length of rope the dragline can utilize. Inherent with their construction, a dragline is
299:
Heavy
Engineering Corporation Limited was the first Indian company to manufacture a walking dragline of 31-yard bucket capacity. HEC makes up to a 44-yard bucket. For comparison, this would be comparable to Caterpillar's Small Draglines 8000 series with a 42-yard bucket. HEC has supplied fifteen
277:
entered the dragline market in 1910 with the purchase of manufacturing rights for the
Heyworth-Newman dragline excavator. Their "Class 14" dragline was introduced in 1911 as the first crawler mounted dragline. In 1912 Bucyrus helped pioneer the use of electricity as a power source for large
833:
166:, supports the bucket and hoist-coupler assembly from the boom. The dragrope is used to draw the bucket assembly horizontally. By skillful maneuver of the hoist and the dragropes the bucket is controlled for various operations. A schematic of a large dragline bucket system is shown below.
670:
The basic mechanical technology of draglines, unlike that of most equipment used in earth-moving, has remained relatively unchanged in design and control functions for almost 100 years. Some advances, however, have been made (such as hydraulic, then electro-hydraulic, controls (including
271:(established in 1880) built its first walking dragline with a simple single-crank mechanism in 1939. Its largest dragline was the 8950 sold to Amax Coal Company in 1973. It featured a 150-cubic yard bucket on a 310-foot boom and weighed 7,300 tons. Marion was acquired by Bucyrus in 1997.
224:
282:, produced dragline excavators from 1919 licensed by Bucyrus. After the merger with Monighan in 1946, Bucyrus began producing much larger machines using the Monighan walking mechanism such as the 800 ton 650-B which used a 15-yard bucket. Bucyrus' largest dragline was
535:
Smaller draglines were also commonly used before hydraulic excavators came into common use, the smaller draglines are now rarely used other than on river and gravel pit works. The small machines were of a mechanical drive with clutches. Firms such as
40:
was the world's largest ever dragline, being 487 ft (148 m) in length, weighing some 13,500 short tons (12,247 t), and hoisting a 220 cu yd (168.2 m) bucket that could move 325 short tons (295 t) of material at a
416:
brought in to transport the dragline. Above that distance, disassembly is generally required. But mining draglines due to their reach can work a large area from one position and do not need to constantly move along the face like smaller machines.
240:
began purchasing shares of
Monighan stock with Monighan's approval. Bucyrus purchased a controlling interest and the joint company became known as Bucyrus-Monighan until the formal merger in 1946. The first walking dragline excavator in the
91:’s digital AC drive control P&H 9020XPC, which has a bucket capacity of 110–160 cu yd (84–122 m) and boom lengths ranging from 325–425 ft (99–130 m); working weights vary between 7,539 and 8,002 tons.
691:
in Australia have a long-term research project into automating draglines. Mining automation teams at QCAT, a CSIRO division; have been developing the automation technology since 1994. Automated systems include cruise control and
371:
grid at voltages of between 6.6 and 22 kV. A typical dragline weighing 4000 to 6000 tons, with a 55-cubic-metre bucket, can use up to 6 megawatts during normal digging operations. Because of this, many (possibly
324:. A swing operation is then performed to move the bucket to the place where the material is to be dumped. The dragrope is then released causing the bucket to tilt and empty. This is called a dump operation.
223:
1065:
1054:
367:
Most mining draglines are not diesel-powered like most other mining equipment. Their power consumption on order of several megawatts is so great that they have a direct connection to the
425:
most efficient excavating material below the level of their base. While a dragline can dig above itself, it does so inefficiently and is not suitable to load piled up material (as a
675:) and using simulation software to train new operators), are being pursued (such as improved automation systems), or are arguable as a step forward (as is "universal dig-dump" (
376:) stories have been told about the blackout-causing effects of mining draglines. For instance, there is a long-lived story that, back in the 1970s, if all seven draglines at
436:
Despite their limitations, and their extremely high capital cost, draglines remain popular with many mines, due to their reliability, and extremely low waste removal cost.
69:. Much more efficient than even the largest of the latter, it enjoyed a heyday in extreme size for most of the 20th century, first becoming challenged by more efficient
143:
are among the largest mobile land machines ever built, weighing up to 13,500 tons, while the smallest and most common of the site-erected type weigh around 8,000 tons.
183:
209:. In 1914, P&H introduced the world's first gasoline engine powered dragline. In 1988, Page was acquired by Harnischfeger which makes the P&H line of
84:
4250-W put online in 1969 that swung a 220 cu yd (170 m), 325 ton capacity bucket, had a 310 feet (94 m) boom, and weighed 13,500 tons.
918:
935:, Bowtell, William John, "Improvements in or relating to Luffing Cranes.", issued 25 October 1917, assigned to Ransomes & Rapier Ltd.
1025:
202:
175:
544:
made models such as the RB10 which were popular for small building works and drainage work. Several of these can still be seen in the English
1104:
511:
from 1969 to 1991, and derived power from a 13,800 volt electrical supply. It was dismantled for $ 700,000 worth of recycled metal in 1999.
396:. However even now, if they have been shut down, they are always restarted one at a time due to the immense power requirements of startup.
708:
Since draglines are typically large, complicated and very expensive, training new operators can be a tricky process. In the same way that
518:
produced a few diesel-electric excavators rather over 1/10th its size, the largest in Europe in the 1960s at 1400-1800 tons. One, named
1141:
1079:
K. Pathak, K. Dasgupta, A. Chattopadhyay, "Determination of the working zone of a dragline bucket – A graphical approach", Doncaster,
775:
1114:
264:
Crane & Excavator division. This became NCK-Rapier. The walking dragline division of NCK-Rapier was acquired by Bucyrus in 1988.
1109:
316:
In a typical cycle of excavation, the bucket is positioned above the material to be excavated. The bucket is then lowered and the
638:
503:), was the world's largest mobile earth-moving machine, weighing 13,500 tons and standing nearly 22 stories tall. It operated in
994:
Keith Haddoc, "Extreme Mining Machines – stripping shovels and draglines", pub by MBI, Appendix 4 Tables of capacities page 127
610:
617:
591:
320:
is then drawn so that the bucket is dragged along the surface of the material. The bucket is then lifted by using the
1492:
999:
657:
624:
869:, Martinson, Oscar J., "Traction Mechanism.", issued 6 July 1926, assigned to Monighan Machine Co.
850:, Martinson, Oscar J., "Excavator-Tractor.", issued 23 June 1914, assigned to Monighan Machine Co.
113:
791:
888:, Martinson, Oscar J., "Traction Machine.", issued 10 May 1927, assigned to Monighan Machine Co.
812:, Martinson, Oscar J., "Excavator-Tractor.", issued 5 May 1914, assigned to Monighan Machine Co.
1134:
606:
595:
1523:
1487:
831:, Martinson, Oscar J., "Tractor.", issued 23 June 1914, assigned to Monighan Machine Co.
464:
268:
182:. By 1912, Page realized that building draglines was more lucrative than contracting, so he created the
1421:
885:
866:
847:
828:
809:
158:. The bucket is maneuvered by means of a number of ropes and chains. The hoist rope, powered by large
1533:
1127:
932:
257:
194:
291:
than half. Today, P&H and Caterpillar are the only remaining manufacturers of large draglines.
459: with: more of the largest dragline examples, ideally in an easy to reference table as in the
1390:
584:
537:
500:
188:
631:
1284:
1279:
1010:
737:
504:
246:
716:
software has been developed to assist new operators in learning how to control the machines.
460:
217:. P&H's largest dragline is the 9030C with a 160-yard bucket and up to a 425-foot boom.
1269:
697:
515:
252:
407:
In all but the smallest of draglines, movement is accomplished by "walking" using feet or
8:
1528:
206:
1538:
1477:
1437:
430:
524:, was used in a quarry from 1957 to 1974. After its working life at the first site in
1472:
995:
520:
412:
105:
101:
54:
696:. Working solutions include the proof-of-concept dragline swing cruise control on a
146:
A dragline bucket system consists of a large bucket which is suspended from a large
1417:
1217:
713:
709:
393:
70:
20:
178:(as a partner of the firm Page & Schnable Contracting) for use in digging the
1427:
693:
377:
356:
214:
151:
109:
1352:
1342:
1184:
914:
549:
408:
321:
242:
163:
117:
58:
1031:, October 1947, p. 153-157, detailed drawings and photos of dragline operation
1517:
1359:
1209:
483:
198:
179:
159:
1482:
1380:
1310:
1305:
1262:
1257:
1226:
1189:
755:
749:
553:
541:
488:
426:
389:
368:
274:
237:
210:
124:
81:
66:
62:
33:
28:
908:
73:
in the 1950s, then superseded by them on the upper end from the 1970s on.
1467:
1405:
1289:
1087:
1041:
448:
61:. It was invented in 1904, and presented an immediate challenge to the
1432:
1400:
1364:
1194:
1179:
598: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
532:, where it continued on till being scrapped from January to June 1987.
496:
385:
373:
283:
279:
140:
128:
88:
77:
37:
1447:
1347:
1241:
1222:
904:
743:
360:
347:
317:
308:
155:
136:
100:
and transported over the road on flatbed trailers. Draglines used in
50:
16:
Piece of heavy equipment used in civil engineering and surface mining
1199:
573:
399:
278:
stripping shovels and draglines used in mining. An Italian company,
1395:
1385:
1236:
1119:
951:
672:
545:
336:
112:
driving rigs. These types are built by crane manufacturers such as
123:
The much larger type which is erected on site is commonly used in
1442:
1412:
1315:
1169:
977:
557:
525:
328:
910:
Four East Midlands Ironstone Tramways Part Three: Wellingborough
403:"Walking" dragline animation based on Martinson's patent of 1926
1504:
1231:
1174:
1090:, "Calculation of Dragline bucket pose under gravity loading",
978:"Dragline Digging Methods in Australian Strip Mines – A Survey"
332:
746:– generic class of machine of which draglines are a sub class
688:
529:
147:
327:
On crane-type draglines, the bucket can also be 'thrown' by
508:
335:
on the drag cable. This would then swing the bucket like a
132:
381:
261:
499:, owned by the Central Ohio Coal Company (a division of
952:"Heavy Engineering Corporation Limited, Ranchi, India"
528:
wrapped it walked 13 miles (21 km) in 9 weeks to
931:
752:– type of mining machine (also called a front shovel)
108:, port construction, pond and canal dredging, and as
87:
The largest walking dragline produced as of 2014 was
19:"Dragline" redirects here. For the album by Paw, see
919:
Narrow Gauge and Industrial Railway Modelling Review
104:
are of this smaller, crane type. These are used for
65:
and its diesel and electric powered descendant, the
884:
865:
846:
827:
808:
1515:
1042:"The Big Muskie – Remembering the walking giant"
975:
388:, Australia) turned simultaneously, they would
1135:
231:Marion 111-M Dragline in action. (30 seconds)
1071:(11 December 2009) accessed 19 December 2011
976:Mirabediny, H.; Baafi, E. (1 January 1998).
260:of Sheffield, which was combined with their
1016:(10 October 2008) accessed 1 November 2008]
776:Digging big – the world’s biggest draglines
1142:
1128:
658:Learn how and when to remove this message
563:
300:draglines to the Indian mining industry.
275:Bucyrus Foundry and Manufacturing Company
1011:"Maid Marian's journey becomes a 'drag'"
482:
398:
346:
307:
219:
27:
1026:"Paradise for Sidewalk Superintendents"
1516:
703:
342:
294:
191:) purchased Page Engineering Company.
76:The largest ever walking dragline was
1123:
903:
487:The walking mechanism on a preserved
351:Dragline excavating coal in Australia
174:The dragline was invented in 1904 by
1149:
897:
596:adding citations to reliable sources
567:
443:
355:A large dragline system used in the
1081:The Institution of mining engineers
758:– earliest type of mining excavator
439:
331:up to the jib and then releasing a
13:
495:The coal mining dragline known as
14:
1550:
1098:
712:have developed to train pilots,
572:
447:
1059:
1048:
1034:
1019:
1004:
988:
969:
944:
583:needs additional citations for
925:
878:
859:
840:
821:
802:
784:
769:
419:
1:
762:
682:
359:industry costs approximately
1092:Mechanism and machine theory
740:– alternative mining machine
303:
7:
731:
269:Marion Power Shovel Company
10:
1555:
982:Coal Operators' Conference
258:Newton, Chambers & Co.
247:Wellingborough iron quarry
169:
18:
1501:
1460:
1373:
1335:
1328:
1298:
1250:
1208:
1162:
1155:
1069:Dr Jonathan Roberts CSIRO
195:Harnischfeger Corporation
676:
189:P&H Mining Equipment
184:Page Engineering Company
94:
694:Digital Terrain Mapping
507:, in the U.S. state of
501:American Electric Power
491:1150 dragline in the UK
141:largest heavy draglines
1285:Bucket chain excavator
1280:Bucket-wheel excavator
1055:CSIRO research project
738:Bucket wheel excavator
719:
564:Technological advances
492:
463:page. You can help by
404:
364:450 tons of material.
352:
313:
287:and 8,350 ton weight.
232:
135:and more recently for
42:
1066:"Dragline Automation"
792:"A walking excavator"
516:Ransomes & Rapier
486:
402:
384:coal mine in central
350:
311:
253:Ransomes & Rapier
230:
127:operations to remove
31:
1524:Engineering vehicles
1503:Part of a series on
1270:Rocker Shovel Loader
798:: 249. 29 July 1916.
607:"Dragline excavator"
592:improve this article
514:The British firm of
796:The Literary Digest
704:Simulation software
343:Draglines in mining
312:Dragline excavator.
295:Other manufacturers
207:Henry Harnischfeger
197:was established as
1438:Articulated hauler
1275:Dragline excavator
726:universal dig-dump
493:
413:caterpillar tracks
405:
353:
314:
233:
47:dragline excavator
43:
1511:
1510:
1456:
1455:
1324:
1323:
1110:Bucyrus draglines
1105:P&H draglines
1029:Popular Mechanics
1014:The Daily Gleaner
913:. Vol. 108.
779:Mining Technology
710:flight simulators
668:
667:
660:
642:
481:
480:
228:
213:, draglines, and
102:civil engineering
71:rotary excavators
55:civil engineering
1546:
1534:Mining equipment
1418:Material ropeway
1333:
1332:
1218:Blasting machine
1160:
1159:
1150:Mining equipment
1144:
1137:
1130:
1121:
1120:
1094:, Vol. 35, 2000.
1072:
1063:
1057:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1038:
1032:
1023:
1017:
1008:
1002:
992:
986:
985:
973:
967:
966:
964:
962:
948:
942:
941:
940:
936:
929:
923:
922:
901:
895:
894:
893:
889:
882:
876:
875:
874:
870:
863:
857:
856:
855:
851:
844:
838:
837:
836:
832:
825:
819:
818:
817:
813:
806:
800:
799:
788:
782:
773:
714:mining simulator
663:
656:
652:
649:
643:
641:
600:
576:
568:
505:Muskingum County
476:
473:
451:
444:
440:Notable examples
394:North Queensland
245:was used at the
229:
49:is a heavy-duty
21:Dragline (album)
1554:
1553:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1514:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1497:
1452:
1428:Conveyor bridge
1369:
1320:
1294:
1251:Heavy machinery
1246:
1204:
1151:
1148:
1101:
1076:
1075:
1064:
1060:
1053:
1049:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1024:
1020:
1009:
1005:
993:
989:
974:
970:
960:
958:
950:
949:
945:
938:
930:
926:
902:
898:
891:
883:
879:
872:
864:
860:
853:
845:
841:
834:
826:
822:
815:
807:
803:
790:
789:
785:
774:
770:
765:
734:
724:UDD stands for
722:
706:
687:Researchers at
685:
664:
653:
647:
644:
601:
599:
589:
577:
566:
477:
471:
468:
457:needs expansion
442:
422:
378:Peak Downs Mine
357:open pit mining
345:
306:
297:
220:
172:
164:electric motors
154:(or mast) with
97:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1552:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1509:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1473:Miner's helmet
1470:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1415:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1353:Winding engine
1350:
1339:
1337:
1330:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1220:
1214:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1166:
1164:
1157:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1146:
1139:
1132:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1100:
1099:External links
1097:
1096:
1095:
1086:Peter Ridley,
1084:
1074:
1073:
1058:
1047:
1033:
1018:
1003:
987:
968:
943:
924:
915:Garndolbenmaen
896:
877:
858:
839:
820:
801:
783:
781:, July 6, 2014
767:
766:
764:
761:
760:
759:
753:
747:
741:
733:
730:
721:
718:
705:
702:
684:
681:
666:
665:
580:
578:
571:
565:
562:
550:Cambridgeshire
479:
478:
454:
452:
441:
438:
421:
418:
380:(a very large
344:
341:
305:
302:
296:
293:
243:United Kingdom
203:Alonzo Pawling
199:P&H Mining
171:
168:
96:
93:
59:surface mining
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1551:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1145:
1140:
1138:
1133:
1131:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1116:
1115:HEC draglines
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1070:
1067:
1062:
1056:
1051:
1043:
1037:
1030:
1027:
1022:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1001:
1000:0-7603-0918-3
997:
991:
983:
979:
972:
957:
953:
947:
934:
928:
920:
916:
912:
911:
906:
900:
887:
881:
868:
862:
849:
843:
830:
824:
811:
805:
797:
793:
787:
780:
777:
772:
768:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
735:
729:
727:
717:
715:
711:
701:
699:
695:
690:
680:
678:
674:
662:
659:
651:
640:
637:
633:
630:
626:
623:
619:
616:
612:
609: –
608:
604:
603:Find sources:
597:
593:
587:
586:
581:This section
579:
575:
570:
569:
561:
559:
556:and parts of
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
533:
531:
527:
523:
522:
517:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
490:
485:
475:
472:February 2024
466:
462:
458:
455:This section
453:
450:
446:
445:
437:
434:
432:
428:
417:
414:
410:
401:
397:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
370:
365:
362:
358:
349:
340:
338:
334:
330:
325:
323:
319:
310:
301:
292:
288:
285:
281:
276:
272:
270:
265:
263:
259:
254:
250:
248:
244:
239:
218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
190:
185:
181:
180:Chicago Canal
177:
167:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
144:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
121:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
92:
90:
85:
83:
79:
74:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
39:
35:
30:
26:
22:
1483:Carbide lamp
1381:Mine railway
1311:Gold panning
1306:Fire-setting
1274:
1263:Steam shovel
1258:Power shovel
1227:Blasting cap
1190:Sledgehammer
1091:
1080:
1068:
1061:
1050:
1036:
1028:
1021:
1013:
1006:
990:
981:
971:
959:. Retrieved
955:
946:
927:
909:
899:
880:
861:
842:
823:
804:
795:
786:
778:
771:
756:Steam shovel
750:Power shovel
725:
723:
707:
686:
669:
654:
645:
635:
628:
621:
614:
602:
590:Please help
585:verification
582:
554:Lincolnshire
534:
519:
513:
494:
489:Bucyrus-Erie
469:
465:adding to it
461:Power Shovel
456:
435:
431:wheel loader
423:
406:
369:high-voltage
366:
354:
326:
315:
298:
289:
273:
266:
251:
238:Bucyrus-Erie
234:
193:
176:John W. Page
173:
145:
139:mining. The
125:strip-mining
122:
98:
86:
82:Bucyrus-Erie
75:
67:power shovel
63:steam shovel
46:
44:
34:Bucyrus-Erie
25:
1488:Ventilation
1468:Safety lamp
1406:Slate wagon
1290:Gold dredge
1088:Peter Corke
648:August 2024
427:rope shovel
420:Limitations
201:in 1884 by
1529:Excavators
1518:Categories
1433:Haul truck
1401:Quarry tub
1374:Horizontal
1365:Man engine
1195:Jackhammer
1180:Hand steel
1156:Excavation
961:19 October
956:hecltd.com
905:Quine, Dan
886:US 1627984
867:US 1591764
848:US 1101460
829:US 1101459
810:US 1095464
763:References
683:Automation
618:newspapers
497:Big Muskie
386:Queensland
374:apocryphal
322:hoist rope
284:Big Muskie
280:Fiorentini
156:wire ropes
129:overburden
89:Joy Global
78:Big Muskie
38:Big Muskie
1539:Draglines
1448:Reclaimer
1348:Headframe
1329:Transport
1242:Gunpowder
1223:Detonator
933:GB 110458
744:Excavator
673:joysticks
390:black out
304:Operation
249:in 1940.
137:oil sands
114:Link-Belt
51:excavator
36:in 1969,
32:Built by
1478:Headlamp
1396:Pit pony
1391:Mine car
1386:Minecart
1336:Vertical
1237:Dynamite
1210:Blasting
907:(2016).
732:See also
700:BE1370.
409:pontoons
337:pendulum
318:dragrope
53:used in
1443:Stacker
1422:Blondin
1413:Mantrip
1316:Hushing
1185:Crowbar
1170:Pickaxe
1083:, 1992.
632:scholar
558:Norfolk
542:Bucyrus
526:Rutland
392:all of
329:winding
211:shovels
170:History
1505:mining
1461:Safety
1232:Dualin
1200:Gezähe
1175:Shovel
998:
939:
892:
873:
854:
835:
816:
698:Tarong
634:
627:
620:
613:
605:
538:Ruston
521:SUNDEW
433:can).
333:clutch
215:cranes
160:diesel
150:-like
131:above
118:Hyster
1343:Hoist
1299:Other
1163:Tools
689:CSIRO
639:JSTOR
625:books
530:Corby
411:, as
148:truss
95:Types
41:pass.
1493:SCSR
1360:Whim
996:ISBN
963:2023
679:)):
611:news
546:Fens
540:and
509:Ohio
361:US$
267:The
205:and
152:boom
133:coal
116:and
110:pile
106:road
80:, a
57:and
720:UDD
677:UDD
594:by
548:of
467:.
429:or
382:BHP
262:NCK
162:or
1520::
1225:/
980:.
954:.
917::
794:.
552:,
120:.
45:A
1424:)
1420:(
1143:e
1136:t
1129:v
1044:.
984:.
965:.
921:.
661:)
655:(
650:)
646:(
636:·
629:·
622:·
615:·
588:.
474:)
470:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)