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140:) forms the sculpture's base. The back side has been hollowed out, possibly to make the sculpture lighter. The back, once gilded, is now plain, and only the heads have decorations on both sides. The outer body of the two-headed snake is covered in a mosaic of turquoise, accented by red spiny oyster. Turquoise stones were broken in small, flat
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and adhered to the wooden body with pine resin. By using 2,000 small pieces, the flat pieces of stone give the impression of a faceted, curvilinear surface. The turquoise was cut and ground using stone tools. Some of the turquoise was imported to
Mesoamerica from approximately 1,600 km to the
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Many theories suggest the symbolic significance of the serpent imagery. It has been proposed that the serpent was a symbol of rebirth because of its ability to shed its old skin and appear as a reborn snake. It may have been a representation of the earth and underworld with each head representing
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However, the best known craftsmen for their turquoise mosaics were not the Aztecs but the
Mixtecs. At the height of the Aztec Empire, many Mixtec towns came under Aztec rule had to pay tribute to the emperor, including gifts of gold and turquoise. This serpent would have made a valuable item of
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Either way, Cortés was given a number of valuable gifts, which included turquoise sculptures, and possibly this serpent. Despite the gifts and the peaceful reception, Moctezuma was taken prisoner by Cortés and his troops took
Moctezuma's capital,
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The Cortés antiquities arrived in Europe in the 1520s and caused great interest; however, it is said that other turquoise mosaics ended their days in jewellers' shops in
Florence where they were dismantled to make more contemporary objects.
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when he took the interior of Mexico for the
Spanish crown. Cortés arrived on the coast of what is now Mexico in 1519, and after battles he entered the capital on November 8, 1519 and was met with respect, if not favour, by the Aztec ruler
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religion, but other gods also had serpentine characteristics. Both the colour green and serpents signified fertility, and ensuring land fertility was at the heart of most Aztec ceremonies.
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This sculpture is one of nine
Mexican turquoise mosaics in the British Museum. There are considered to be only 25 Mexican turquoise mosaics in Europe from this period.
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pieces applied to a wooden base. It came from Aztec Mexico and might have been worn or displayed in religious ceremonies. The mosaic is made of pieces of turquoise,
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with gathering similar artifacts into the
British Museum. The sculpture is at the British Museum, purchased from whereabouts unknown by the Christy Fund.
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bird, which were worn by priests during ceremonies. The bright turquoise skin and open jaws were intended to both impress and terrify the beholder.
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and treated him accordingly. However, scholars such as
Matthew Restall claim this idea was a Spanish invention used as propaganda.
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577:"BBC Radio 4 - A History of the World in 100 Objects, The First Global Economy (1450 - 1600 AD), Double-headed serpent"
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It is not known how this sculpture left Mexico, but it is considered possible that it was among the goods obtained by
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and the
British Museum. It was also featured in Historium, a collection of ancient objects from all over the world.
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one. The snake features strongly in the gods that the people worshiped. The feathered serpent god
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The sculpture is of an undulating serpent with heads on each side. A single block of cedar wood (
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214:(Montezuma). Some sources report that Moctezuma thought that Cortés was the
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and other old world diseases brought to Mexico by Cortés and his troops.
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The heads of the serpents have holes for eyes, and remaining traces of
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Artefacts from Africa, Oceania and the
Americas in the British Museum
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may have once held objects representing eyes, possibly orbs of
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shell respectively. The adhesive used to attach the
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1340:Sarcophagus of Seianti Hanunia Tlesnasa
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565:. Big Pictures Press. pp. 30, 31.
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288:A History of the World in 100 Objects
1799:Conservation and Scientific Research
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229:, by 1521. They then fell victim to
130:Detail of one of the serpent's heads
487:Seven myths of the Spanish conquest
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106:with two heads composed of mostly
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1809:Portable Antiquities and Treasure
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1970:Sculptures in the British Museum
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1856:Films shot at the British Museum
1493:Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III
1208:Herculean Sarcophagus of Genzano
896:Aphsad inscription of Ādityasena
484:Restall, Matthew, 1964- (2021).
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1975:Mexico–United Kingdom relations
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47:, pine resin, shell, and others
1950:Mythical many-headed creatures
1770:The Tale of the Flopsy Bunnies
808:Colossal head of Amenhotep III
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358:, BBC. accessed 27 August 2010
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1320:Priene dedicatory inscription
537:Turquoise mosaics from Mexico
460:Turquoise mosaics from Mexico
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1508:Complaint tablet to Ea-nāṣir
1483:Tell al-'Ubaid Copper Lintel
951:Jade terrapin from Allahabad
818:Gebelein predynastic mummies
813:El-Amra clay model of cattle
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1523:Babylonian Map of the World
1078:Barber Cup and Crawford Cup
1007:The Great Wave off Kanagawa
991:Seated Buddha from Gandhara
911:Amitābha Buddha from Hancui
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285:This sculpture featured in
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853:Rhind Mathematical Papyrus
1945:Aztec legendary creatures
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926:Mogao Christian painting
1851:Dingwall Beloe Lectures
1553:Library of Ashurbanipal
941:Hephthalite silver bowl
906:Ambika Statue from Dhar
420:"Double Headed Serpent"
391:"The Turquoise Mosaics"
155:Ancestral Pueblo people
1804:Libraries and Archives
1605:Phoenician metal bowls
1533:Cylinders of Nabonidus
996:Stamp seal (BM 119999)
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1580:Babylonian Chronicles
1438:Assyrian lion weights
1415:Xanten Horse-Phalerae
1350:Stony Stratford Hoard
1268:Papyri of Oxyrhynchus
1168:Dionysus Sardanapalus
1113:Bronze head of Hypnos
749:Double-headed serpent
371:Double-Headed Serpent
352:Double headed serpent
327:Double-headed serpent
216:feathered serpent god
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95:Double-headed serpent
25:Double-headed serpent
1763:The Disasters of War
1685:Sutton Hoo purse-lid
1635:Holy Thorn Reliquary
981:Mathura lion capital
739:Bronze Head from Ife
281:History of the World
145:northwest, from the
1846:British Museum Acts
1756:The Ancient of Days
1655:Mildenhall Treasure
1433:Ain Sakhri figurine
1364:Townley collection
1305:Petelia Gold Tablet
1233:Macmillan aryballos
1153:Chatuzange Treasure
1098:Boscoreale Treasure
798:Battlefield Palette
778:Yaxchilan Lintel 24
561:Nelson, Jo (2015).
147:Four Corners Region
102:sculpture. It is a
1955:Legendary serpents
1728:Dürer's Rhinoceros
1707:Lampsacus Treasure
1702:Vindolanda Tablets
1595:Antiochus cylinder
1585:Ur Box inscription
1330:San Sosti Axe-Head
1253:Minoan Bull-leaper
1193:Farnese Diadumenos
1183:Esquiline Treasure
1128:Campo Iemini Venus
1088:Beaurains Treasure
1073:Asclepius of Milos
1013:Vishnu Nicolo Seal
956:Kakiemon elephants
891:Admonitions Scroll
744:Codex Kingsborough
690:Round Reading Room
627:Kakiemon elephants
183:Spondylus princeps
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1960:Culture of Mexico
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1691:Swimming Reindeer
1680:Sutton Hoo helmet
1513:Tablet of Shamash
1405:Vaison Diadumenos
1355:Strangford Apollo
1163:Demeter of Knidos
1143:Chaourse Treasure
1133:Carthage Treasure
1058:Arcisate Treasure
946:Huixian Bronze Hu
901:Amaravati Marbles
863:Sphinx of Taharqo
766:Kayung totem pole
760:Throne of Weapons
633:
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623:Succeeded by
497:978-0-19-753730-5
418:Neil, Macgregor.
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63:15th/16th century
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1794:Coins and Medals
1670:Seax of Beagnoth
1518:Statue of Idrimi
1473:Ram in a Thicket
1345:Satala Aphrodite
1295:Paramythia Hoard
1138:Caubiac Treasure
1048:Apollo of Cyrene
1043:Aineta aryballos
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1528:Rassam cylinder
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1258:Nereid Monument
1198:Guilford Puteal
1188:Euphorbos plate
1148:Chatsworth Head
1108:Braganza Brooch
1053:Archangel ivory
1038:Aegina Treasure
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966:Kanishka casket
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828:Hunters Palette
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1503:Burney Relief
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1488:White Obelisk
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1443:Balawat Gates
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1315:Portland Vase
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1300:Pericles bust
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858:Rosetta Stone
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788:Ancient Egypt
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734:Briggs Enigma
732:
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729:Benin Bronzes
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1861:Private Case
1841:Blythe House
1818:
1775:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1726:
1697:Hedwig glass
1689:
1570:Taylor Prism
1557:
1263:Oscan Tablet
1228:Lycurgus Cup
1218:Jennings Dog
1093:Blacas Cameo
1068:Arundel Head
1005:
961:Kang Hou gui
772:Tree of Life
770:
758:
748:
711:and Americas
612:
596:
584:. Retrieved
580:
571:
562:
556:
544:
532:
486:
479:
467:
440:
430:22 September
428:. Retrieved
423:
398:. Retrieved
394:
355:
286:
284:
275:
259:Quetzalcoatl
255:
252:
249:Significance
235:
227:Tenochtitlan
223:
219:Quetzalcoatl
212:Moctezuma II
204:conquistador
201:
181:
159:
151:Oasisamerica
135:
133:
112:spiny oyster
94:
93:
91:
24:
18:
1640:Hoxne Hoard
1478:Lyres of Ur
1453:Uruk Trough
1448:Blacas ewer
1425:Middle East
1118:Burgon vase
1018:Wardak Vase
931:David Vases
838:Min Palette
823:Hornedjitef
724:Aubin Codex
701:and objects
699:Departments
680:Great Court
310:Polycephaly
305:Amphisbaena
192:queen conch
170:iron pyrite
122:Description
1934:Categories
1717:Prints and
1675:Sutton Hoo
1650:Lindow Man
1617:and Europe
1615:Prehistory
1463:Palmer Cup
1410:Warren Cup
1378:Discobolus
1248:Meroë Head
1203:Harpy Tomb
971:Klang Bell
586:2022-12-02
506:1290946287
334:References
198:Provenance
176:shell and
153:where the
1879:Directors
1213:Isis Tomb
976:Kulu Vase
790:and Sudan
719:Akan Drum
618:Object 78
563:Historium
514:cite book
315:Ouroboros
267:Turquoise
108:turquoise
82:Room 27,
45:turquoise
1919:Category
1899:Trustees
1871:Secretum
1735:Epifania
1719:Drawings
1373:Caryatid
1368:Antinous
1030:and Rome
673:Building
445:Question
400:28 March
299:See also
241:credits
231:smallpox
188:hematite
142:tesserae
86:, London
71:Made in
40:Material
1889:Keepers
1884:Friends
1383:Hadrian
271:Quetzal
162:beeswax
60:Created
1875:Staff
1742:I Modi
1028:Greece
504:
494:
263:Mixtec
174:oyster
98:is an
73:Mexico
43:Wood,
1834:Other
1787:Other
1393:Venus
426:. BBC
178:conch
166:resin
104:snake
100:Aztec
68:Place
1388:Vase
883:Asia
625:79:
605:77:
524:link
520:link
502:OCLC
492:ISBN
432:2010
402:2018
164:and
92:The
52:Size
1288:103
1283:102
581:BBC
293:BBC
149:of
1936::
1278:85
1273:84
579:.
516:}}
512:{{
500:.
490:.
452:^
422:.
410:^
393:.
382:^
373:,
363:^
354:,
342:^
194:.
658:e
651:t
644:v
589:.
526:)
508:.
434:.
404:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
