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and promoting agriculture and commerce. While the donatário assumed expenses of the settlement and economic development, he also benefited from various judicial and fiscal privileges, while the King maintained certain unalienable rights to safeguard the territorial and political unity of the
Kingdom. Except for private land grants, the territory administrated by the donatário was turned over to settlers and the bestowed was responsible for all the expenses of the Captaincy.
262:, which was transformed into an honorific post, conferred by the King to people and noble families who he wished to honour. It was through this system that the majority of donatary captaincies fell into the hands of the high nobility of Portugal, who never lived on the islands or had little economic interest in their development.
255:) of Angra and Ponta Delgada, in 1561. These new posts showed the importance of the Crown's representatives in the regions over their control, and men like Cipriano de Figueiredo e Vasconcelos (Corregador of Terceira) would play important roles in coexistence between local and national administration.
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were limited by the difficulties of the territories they governed. With the
Brazilian territories, which were large, the donatários' obligations covered the governorship, expansion and settlement of the territory, necessitating a large labour force, security forces and administrators. Many of the new
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was obligated to govern his territories under specific terms: in exchange for the grant, he received tax immunity, but was also responsible for promoting and settling new residents to his territory, establishing churches (following the
Catholic faith), protecting them from frequent pirate attacks,
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settlers were criminals, opportunists or political exiles who arrived in these territories to make their fortunes (commercially or politically). At the same time, the donatário promoted the faith by receiving and assisting the
Catholic missionaries that trekked across the Portuguese Empire.
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The donatary system was bestowed upon Henry the
Navigator at an unknown time, but his order to introduce livestock (goats, cattle, pigs, etc.) on the islands suggests that he would have received jurisdiction between 1432 and 1438. This was the same period as the death of King
235:, for his part, was a micro-manager and was involved in judicial affairs and exercised his duties as lord of the islands. This led to the creation of monarchial posts to directly influence control, such as the
201:. Yet it was only in his last will and testament that it was explicitly stated that he was protector of the Azores. The transfer of this title to his nephew the Infante Ferdinand, was in keeping with the
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was expected to promote the settlement of the territory. Consequently, the hierarchical model that developed was an extension of this process. In order to govern the islands, Henry as
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proclaimed by his brother in 1434, that bound Henry to pass on all lands and goods from the King to legitimate male descendants. If not, then the Crown would regain ownership.
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Yet the Crown oscillated between total neglect and strong vigilance; between the 15th-18th centuries the monarchy did not really know how to manage its territories. King
185:(1495), he incorporated the donatary privileges of the seven islands of the Azores (Corvo and Flores were not included) into the properties and possessions of the Crown.
102:, a territorial division and land grant, within Portuguese colonies. It was an effective administrative system that ceded certain rights and responsibilities to the
443:, Berkeley, California: The Regents of the University of Southern California/Institute of Governmental Studies Press/University of California, Berkeley
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After the 16th century the figure of the donatary captain lost its effective governorship in most of the islands of the Azores, with the exception of
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308:) whose responsibility was to locally manage their affairs, administer rental lands and "listen" to the local community.
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exempted fees and taxes for five years at his request, suggesting Henry's compliance with the duties of a
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224:), to administer their territories locally. This three-tier system worked effectively: King,
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A anonymous
Venetian map of the islands of the Azores (Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana), Venice
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After their discovery, the islands of the Azores were bestowed by the Crown of
Portugal to
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of the Kings of
Portugal. When Manuel, 5th Duke of Viseu, ascended the throne as King
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452:(in Portuguese), Ponta Delgada (Azores), Portugal: Câmara Municipal de Ponta Delgada
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Many of these donatary-captains were also represented by proxies, known as
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19:'Donatory' and 'Donatary' link here. For the ecclesiastical position, see
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66:; the donatários were comparable to a royal governor or a British
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for "donated" or "endowed "), sometimes anglicized as
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177:The Dukes were the direct line to the Crown, as
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394:Susana Goulart Costa (2008), p.232
368:Susana Goulart Costa (2008), p.231
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441:Azores: Nine Islands, One History
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245:Office of the Purveyor of Armadas
171:Infante Manuel, 5th Duke of Viseu
165:Infante Diogo, 4th Duke of Viseu
147:Infante Henry, 1st Duke of Viseu
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347:. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2012
159:Infante John, 3rd Duke of Viseu
439:Costa, Susana Goulart (2008),
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216:nominated men of confidence,
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132:Prince Henry the Navigator
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489:Donatários of the Azores
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222:Captains of the Donatary
98:was the recipient of a
64:colonial administration
241:Provedoria das Armadas
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282:Captaincies of Brazil
218:capitães do donatário
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474:Gubernatorial titles
302:ouvidores do capitão
233:Manuel I of Portugal
183:Manuel I of Portugal
56:Kingdom of Portugal
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21:Charisticary
345:"Donatário"
173:(1484-1495)
167:(1472-1484)
161:(1470-1472)
155:(1460-1470)
136:King João I
76:captaincies
74:were often
463:Categories
316:References
260:São Miguel
237:Corregedor
203:Lei Mental
126:Donatários
119:donatários
38:Portuguese
321:Citations
272:Captaincy
249:Feitorias
226:donatário
214:donatário
210:donatário
199:donatário
134:, son of
111:donatário
104:donatário
100:captaincy
96:donatário
72:donataria
70:. As the
54:) by the
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31:donatário
432:"Brazil"
351:8 August
266:See also
195:Afonso V
42:donatary
179:vassals
82:History
239:, the
191:Duarte
58:. The
288:Notes
353:2013
208:The
109:The
60:king
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