Demography - Knowledge

569: 44: 1269:, and the increased importance of immigration. The U.S. Census Bureau projects that in the next 100 years, the United States will face some dramatic demographic changes. The population is expected to grow more slowly and age more rapidly than ever before and the nation will become a nation of immigrants. This influx is projected to rise over the next century as new immigrants and their children will account for over half the U.S. population. These demographic shifts could ignite major adjustments in the economy, more specifically, in labor markets. 557: 3602: 3566: 585:. One of these techniques in contemporary demography is the sister method, where survey researchers ask women how many of their sisters have died or had children and at what age. With these surveys, researchers can then indirectly estimate birth or death rates for the entire population. Other indirect methods in contemporary demography include asking people about siblings, parents, and children. Other indirect methods are necessary in historical demography. 663:, begun much more recently in 2000. These have followed the lives of samples of people (typically beginning with around 17,000 in each study) for many years, and are still continuing. As the samples have been drawn in a nationally representative way, inferences can be drawn from these studies about the differences between four distinct generations of British people in terms of their health, education, attitudes, childbearing and employment patterns. 3591: 1197:, demography offers tools to approach a large range of population issues by combining a more technical quantitative approach that represents the core of the discipline with many other methods borrowed from social or other sciences. Demographic research is conducted in universities, in research institutes, as well as in statistical departments and in several international agencies. Population institutions are part of the 3578: 549:

migration (or place of birth or of previous residence), language, religion, nationality (or ethnicity or race), and citizenship. In countries in which the vital registration system may be incomplete, the censuses are also used as a direct source of information about fertility and mortality; for example, the censuses of the

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People decide to exit organizations for many reasons, such as, better jobs, dissatisfaction, and concerns within the family. The causes of turnover can be split into two separate factors, one linked with the culture of the organization, and the other relating to all other factors. People who do not

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Migration refers to the movement of persons from a locality of origin to a destination place across some predefined, political boundary. Migration researchers do not designate movements 'migrations' unless they are somewhat permanent. Thus, demographers do not consider tourists and travellers to be

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is calculated as the ratio of the number of births to women of childbearing age to the total number of women in this age range. If these adjustments were not made, we would not know if a nation with a higher rate of births or deaths has a population with more women of childbearing age or more births

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de Gans, Henk and Frans van Poppel (2000) Contributions from the margins. Dutch statisticians, actuaries and medical doctors and the methods of demography in the time of Wilhelm Lexis. Workshop on 'Lexis in Context: German and Eastern& Northern European Contributions to Demography 1860-1910' at

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More generally, while the basic demographic equation holds true by definition, in practice the recording and counting of events (births, deaths, immigration, emigration) and the enumeration of the total population size are subject to error. So allowance needs to be made for error in the underlying

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The crude death rate as defined above and applied to a whole population can give a misleading impression. For example, the number of deaths per 1,000 people can be higher in developed nations than in less-developed countries, despite standards of health being better in developed countries. This is

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is the other common direct method of collecting demographic data. A census is usually conducted by a national government and attempts to enumerate every person in a country. In contrast to vital statistics data, which are typically collected continuously and summarized on an annual basis, censuses

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Problems in which demographers may be called upon to assist business organizations are when determining the best prospective location in an area of a branch store or service outlet, predicting the demand for a new product, and to analyze certain dynamics of a company's workforce. Choosing a new

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to their continued survival. Hospitals, like all other large and complex organizations are impacted in the environment they work. For example, a study was done on the closure of acute care hospitals in Florida between a particular time. The study examined effect size, age, and niche density of

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These basic equations can also be applied to subpopulations. For example, the population size of ethnic groups or nationalities within a given society or country is subject to the same sources of change. When dealing with ethnic groups, however, "net migration" might have to be subdivided into

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form the core of the data for any medical institution, such as patient and emergency contact information and patient medical record data. They allow for the identification of a patient and their categorization into categories for the purpose of statistical analysis. Patient demographics include:

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Censuses do more than just count people. They typically collect information about families or households in addition to individual characteristics such as age, sex, marital status, literacy/education, employment status, and occupation, and geographical location. They may also collect data on

686:. The best way of measuring population change is using the intercensal percentage change. The intercensal percentage change is the absolute change in population between the censuses divided by the population size in the earlier census. Next, multiply this a hundredfold to receive a 170:

forms. Demographic analysis is used in a wide variety of contexts. For example, it is often used in business plans, to describe the population connected to the geographic location of the business. Demographic analysis is usually abbreviated as DA. For the 2010 U.S. Census, The

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Direct data comes from vital statistics registries that track all births and deaths as well as certain changes in legal status such as marriage, divorce, and migration (registration of place of residence). In developed countries with good registration systems (such as the

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Population composition is also a very important part of historical research. Information ranging back hundreds of years is not always worthwhile, because the numbers of people for which data are available may not provide the information that is important (such as

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because developed countries have proportionally more older people, who are more likely to die in a given year, so that the overall mortality rate can be higher even if the mortality rate at any given age is lower. A more complete picture of mortality is given by a

1950:"Our Yesterdays: the History of the Actuarial Profession in North America, 1809-1979," by E.J. (Jack) Moorhead, FSA, (1/23/10 – 2/21/04), published by the Society of Actuaries as part of the profession's centennial celebration in 1989. 1111: 1314:

that a particular location would be a beneficial site to start a car wash, and determining what shopping area would be best to buy and be redeveloped in metropolis area are types of problems in which demographers can be called upon.

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These organizations have interests about the number and characteristics of their clients so they can maximize the sale of their products, their outlook on their influence, or the ends of their power, services, and beneficial works.

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scholar Achille Guillard defined demography as the natural and social history of human species or the mathematical knowledge of populations, of their general changes, and of their physical, civil, intellectual, and moral condition.

1035: 130:, though there are a number of independent demography departments. These methods have primarily been developed to study human populations, but are extended to a variety of areas where researchers want to know how populations of 541:

typically occur only every 10 years or so, and thus are not usually the best source of data on births and deaths. Analyses are conducted after a census to estimate how much over or undercounting took place. These compare the

1301:. Among several factors of the theory, there are four that apply to the hospital closure example: size, age, density of niches in which organizations operate, and density of niches in which organizations are established. 1140:

out to the year 2150 (red = high, orange = medium, green = low). The UN "medium" projection shows world population reaching an approximate equilibrium at 9 billion by 2075. Working independently, demographers at the

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Demography is today widely taught in many universities across the world, attracting students with initial training in social sciences, statistics or health studies. Being at the crossroads of several disciplines such as

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The period 1860–1910 can be characterized as a period of transition where in demography emerged from statistics as a separate field of interest. This period included a panoply of international 'great demographers' like

1161:(a woman's childbearing potential). Mortality is the study of the causes, consequences, and measurement of processes affecting death to members of the population. Demographers most commonly study mortality using the 1926: 1121:). Individuals who change their ethnic self-labels or whose ethnic classification in government statistics changes over time may be thought of as migrating or moving from one population subcategory to another. 175:

has expanded its DA categories. Also as part of the 2010 U.S. Census, DA now also includes comparative analysis between independent housing estimates, and census address lists at different key time points.

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migrating. While demographers who study migration typically do so through census data on place of residence, indirect sources of data including tax forms and labour force surveys are also important.

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Indirect standardization is used when a population is small enough that the number of events (births, deaths, etc.) are also small. In this case, methods must be used to produce a standardized

413:, who, writing at the end of the 18th century, feared that, if unchecked, population growth would tend to outstrip growth in food production, leading to ever-increasing famine and poverty (see 887: 166:

the focus is on the birth, death, migration and immigration of individuals in a population of living organisms, alternatively, in social human sciences could involve movement of firms and

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A basic definition of population ecology is a study of the distribution and abundance of organisms. As it relates to organizations and demography, organizations go through various

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Standardization is a useful demographic technique used in the analysis of a business. It can be used as an interpretive and analytic tool for the comparison of different markets.

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continues to rise, which makes population change an essential component to demographics. This is calculated by taking one population size minus the population size in an earlier

828:, one that has had constant crude birth and death rates for such a long period of time that the percentage of people in every age class remains constant, or equivalently, the 2703: 581:

Indirect methods of collecting data are required in countries and periods where full data are not available, such as is the case in much of the developing world, and most of

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Populations can change through three processes: fertility, mortality, and migration. Fertility involves the number of children that women have and is to be contrasted with

1921: 803:, the average number of children women must have in order to replace the population for the next generation. For example, the replacement level fertility in the US is 2.11. 2761: 1559: 1202: 4045: 1278:

fully accept a culture might leave voluntarily. Or, some individuals might leave because they fail to fit in and fail to change within a particular organization.

1547: 1057: 2628: 1652: 1201:(International Committee for Coordination of Demographic Research) network while most individual scientists engaged in demographic research are members of the 2089: 485:

of human populations and how these features change over time. Data are obtained from a census of the population and from registries: records of events like

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or population studies also analyses the relationships between economic, social, institutional, cultural, and biological processes influencing a population.

2487:. The Fertility-Inhibiting Effects of the Intermediate Fertility Variables. Studies in Family Planning, Vol. 13, No. 6/7. (Jun. - Jul., 1982), pp. 179-189. 1142: 981: 1970: 1149:

expect world population to peak at 9 billion by 2070. Throughout the 21st century, the average age of the population is likely to continue to rise.

100:: their size, composition (e.g., ethnic group, age), and how they change through the interplay of fertility (births), mortality (deaths), and migration. 794:, the number of live births per woman completing her reproductive life, if her childbearing at each age reflected current age-specific fertility rates. 2656:

Gavrilova N.S., Gavrilov L.A. 2011. Ageing and Longevity: Mortality Laws and Mortality Forecasts for Ageing Populations . Demografie, 53(2): 109–128.

501:. To do this, there needs to be an understanding of how they are calculated and the questions they answer which are included in these four concepts: 4205: 2804: 2017: 1978: 1523: 4106: 4065: 1959:

The History of Insurance, Vol 3, Edited by David Jenkins and Takau Yoneyama (1 85196 527 0): 8 Volume Set: (2000) Availability: Japan: Kinokuniya).

1799: 2414: 748:, the annual number of live births per 1,000 women of childbearing age (often taken to be from 15 to 49 years old, but sometimes from 15 to 44). 4060: 3833: 1777: 4126: 2749: 1529: 4075: 2501: 2887: 2399:

See, for example, Barbara A. Anderson and Brian D. Silver, "Estimating Russification of Ethnic Identity Among Non-Russians in the USSR,"

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is the expected number of daughters, per newborn prospective mother, who may or may not survive to and through the ages of childbearing.

648: 1165:, a statistical device that provides information about the mortality conditions (most notably the life expectancy) in the population. 2945: 1817: 3640: 2716: 2220: 1905: 1580: 4085: 1573: 2896:, Probabilistic Population Projections, based on the 2010 Revision of the World Population Prospects (archived 13 December 2012) 812:, the number of daughters who would be born to a woman completing her reproductive life at current age-specific fertility rates. 4070: 4017: 2723:

Paul Demeny and Geoffrey McNicoll (Eds.). 2003. The Encyclopedia of Population. New York, Macmillan Reference USA, vol.1, 32-37

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There are a variety of demographic methods for modelling population processes. They include models of mortality (including the

469:(1840–1920) contributed to the development of demography and to the toolkit of methods and techniques of demographic analysis. 2720:

Uhlenberg P. (Editor), (2009) International Handbook of the Demography of Aging, New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 113–131.

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Gavrilov L.A., Gavrilova N.S. 2010. Demographic Consequences of Defeating Aging. Rejuvenation Research, 13(2-3): 329–334.

858:, which summarizes mortality separately at each age. A life table is necessary to give a good estimate of life expectancy. 338: 2759: 2642: 957:{\displaystyle {\text{Population}}_{t+1}={\text{Population}}_{t}+{\text{Natural Increase}}_{t}+{\text{Net Migration}}_{t}} 4116: 1865: 839:, one that is both stable and unchanging in size (the difference between crude birth rate and crude death rate is zero). 4007: 3997: 1474: 47:

The Demography of the World Population from 1950 to 2100. Data source: United Nations — World Population Prospects 2017

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The United Kingdom has a series of four national birth cohort studies, the first three spaced apart by 12 years: the

1660: 1248:). Lack of information on the original data-collection procedures may prevent accurate evaluation of data quality. 568: 329:

thinkers devoted much time in refuting the Classical ideas on demography. Important contributors to the field were

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Schutt, Russell K. 2006. "Investigating the Social World: The Process and Practice of Research". SAGE Publications.

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rates, the annual number of live births per 1,000 women in particular age groups (usually age 15–19, 20–24 etc.)

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Measures of centralisation are concerned with the extent to which an area's population is concentrated in its

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Introduction to environmental engineering and science by Masters and Ela, 2008, Pearson Education, chapter 3

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these particular hospitals. A population theory says that organizational outcomes are mostly determined by

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location for a branch of a bank, choosing the area in which to start a new supermarket, consulting a bank

785:), the number of years that an individual at a given age could expect to live at present mortality levels. 2975: 2838: 2756: 799: 710:

comparison, numbers must be altered for the size of the population that is under study. For example, the

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gather information on births and deaths that occurred in the 18 months immediately preceding the census.

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Demographic thoughts traced back to antiquity, and were present in many civilisations and cultures, like

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limits its object of study to the measurement of population processes, while the broader field of

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A stable population does not necessarily remain fixed in size. It can be expanding or shrinking.

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Tasmania forecast to have 79,000 more residents by 2033, with most living outside Greater Hobart

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was credited with the first textbook on life contingencies published in 1771, followed later by

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Population change is analyzed by measuring the change between one population size to another.

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The Empty Cradle: how falling birth rates threaten global prosperity and what to do about it

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analysis estimates are often considered a reliable standard for judging the accuracy of the

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US Census Bureau Webdesign: SSD, Laura K Yax, Content: DSSD, Phil Gbur, POP, Jason Devine.

1587: 1498: 1418: 1403: 1388: 1298: 1106:{\displaystyle {\text{Net Migration}}_{t}={\text{Immigration}}_{t}-{\text{Emigration}}_{t}} 790: 629: 621: 533:), registry statistics are the best method for estimating the number of births and deaths. 421:

and the limits to growth. Later, more sophisticated and realistic models were presented by

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of population numbers, the demographic bookkeeping equation, and population composition.

162:, demographic analysis is used to estimate sizes and flows of populations of workers; in 107: 43: 27:

Science that deals with populations and their structures, statistically and theoretically

2884:, Population estimates and projections for 230 countries and areas (archived 6 May 2011) 2433: 2224: 1616: 442: 3938: 3853: 3828: 3800: 3773: 3708: 3485: 3050: 2453: 2038: 1541: 1393: 1237: 1040: 829: 722:, there are two major approaches: direct standardization and indirect standardization. 482: 402: 381: 330: 295: 163: 4055: 3928: 3893: 3823: 3455: 3450: 3438: 3433: 3305: 3295: 3215: 3158: 3102: 2822: 2814: 2778: 2770: 2740: 2709: 2699: 2686: 2647: 2527: 2445: 2183: 2142: 2030: 1934: 1875: 1843: 1793: 1030:{\displaystyle {\text{Natural Increase}}_{t}={\text{Births}}_{t}-{\text{Deaths}}_{t}} 774:, the annual number of deaths of children less than 1 year old per 1,000 live births. 691: 679: 502: 490: 486: 454: 422: 392: 342: 2705:

Introduction to Social Macrodynamics: Compact Macromodels of the World System Growth

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Fertility in the History of the 20th Century: Trends, Theories, Policies, Discourses

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Introduction to Social Macrodynamics: Compact Macromodels of the World System Growth

458: 4035: 3848: 3696: 3470: 3315: 3290: 3097: 3087: 3077: 2890:, Estimates and projections of urban and rural populations and urban agglomerations 2695: 2457: 2437: 2173: 2132: 2071:

the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, August 28 and 29, 2000.

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of populations; it can cover whole societies or groups defined by criteria such as

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in the United States, or affiliates of the Federation of Canadian Demographers in

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Applied Demography: Applications to Business, Government, Law, and Public Policy

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from the census data to those estimated from natural values and mortality data.

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from historical and comparative research. This data is often compared using a

1229: 1129: 744: 711: 667: 641: 593: 311: 222: 143: 131: 2907: 4184: 4025: 4002: 3918: 3880: 3818: 3671: 3546: 3502: 3465: 3395: 3370: 3280: 3178: 3124: 3119: 2846: 2034: 2012: 1337: 633: 526: 462: 377: 373: 184: 147: 2596:"Fédération canadienne de démographie – Federation of Canadian Demographers" 398:

Observations Concerning the Increase of Mankind, Peopling of Countries, etc.

3976: 3778: 3345: 3285: 3033: 2991: 2187: 2146: 2090:"How long did it take for the world population to increase by one billion?" 1311: 1262: 1190: 1182: 446: 226: 2876: 2449: 572:

Rate of human population growth showing projections for later this century

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is the description of population defined by characteristics such as age,

556: 478: 466: 361: 350: 322: 267: 199:, emergency contact information, family doctor, insurance provider data, 167: 159: 151: 115: 2569: 376:, developed the life table as the basis for life insurance mathematics. 3551: 3390: 3190: 3134: 2870: 2364: 2318: 1162: 861: 855: 843: 761: 734: 687: 589: 498: 326: 275: 263: 196: 97: 93: 2042: 239: 3325: 3222: 3151: 3045: 3018: 2412: 2081: 2015:(25 April 1941). "Natural Selection before the 'Origin of Species'". 1186: 1178: 1174: 1158: 1125:

statistics when any accounting of population size or change is made.

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Lutz, Wolfgang; Sanderson, Warren; Scherbov, Sergei (19 June 1997).

368:. Among the study's findings were that one-third of the children in 358:

Natural and Political Observations Made upon the Bills of Mortality

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Basic Guide to the World: Population changes and trends, 1960–2003

2441: 620:), marriage (Singulate Mean at Marriage, Page model), disability ( 126:. Educational institutions usually treat demography as a field of 3072: 2737:

From Grey to Silver: Managing the Demographic Change Successfully

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One of the earliest demographic studies in the modern period was

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Preston, Samuel; Heuveline, Patrick; and Guillot Michel. 2000.

2371:, Vol. 46, No. 6 (May, 1941), pp. 843-852, accessed 2 July 2023 1641:

https://www.prb.org/resources/population-a-lively-introduction/

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Preston, Samuel, Patrick Heuveline, and Michel Guillot. 2000.

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that differ in size, can be accurately measured and examined.

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died before their sixteenth birthday. Mathematicians, such as

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can change across time through processes of birth, death, and

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Sven Kunisch, Stephan A. Boehm, Michael Boppel (eds) (2011).

1806: 1232:. These descriptions can be necessary for understanding the 283: 279: 234: 230: 192: 139: 2819:

How the New Demography of Depopulation Will Shape Our Future

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How the New Demography of Depopulation Will Shape Our Future

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Future Human Evolution: Eugenics in the Twenty-First Century

2544:"International Union for the Scientific Study of Population" 2201: 1635:

McFalls Jr, Joseph A. "Population: A Lively Introduction."

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Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital

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This article is about the discipline. For the journal, see

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International Union for the Scientific Study of Population

417:). Malthus is seen as the intellectual father of ideas of 4046:

Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey

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On the Application of Probabilities to Life Contingencies

2543: 2221:"Direct and Indirect Standardization of Mortality Rates" 2159: 1903:

The measure of multitude: Population in medieval thought

701: 516:—direct and indirect—with several methods of each type. 258:

In ancient Greece, this can be found in the writings of

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Links to historical demographic and economic statistics

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Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes

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Population Change & Distribution: Census 2000 Brief

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Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes

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Population Studies Center at the University of Michigan

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The figure in this section shows the latest (2004) UN (

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Probabilistic Population Projections, the 2nd Revision

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Leonid A. Gavrilov & Natalia S. Gavrilova (1991),

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Demographic analysis in institutions and organizations

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and mathematical study of the size, composition, and

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International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis

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Basic equation regarding development of a population

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European Society for Opinion and Marketing Research

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Forces of Urban Centralization and Decentralization

2162:"Cohort profile: 1970 British Birth Cohort (BCS70)" 2088:; Esteban Ortiz-Ospina; Lucas Rodés-Guirao (2013). 1738:"How to Use Demographics for Business Advertising" 1105: 1029: 956: 866:Suppose that a country (or other entity) contains 142:biological populations, demographic analysis uses 2683:The Biology of Life Span: A Quantitative Approach 2018:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 1979:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 1920:, Artemy Malkov, & Daria Khaltourina (2006). 1859: 1857: 1855: 4182: 4107:American Association for Public Opinion Research 4066:National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2390:, published 5 January 2023, accessed 2 July 2023 2279:"Global Population at a Glance: 2002 and Beyond" 1117:physical migration and ethnic reidentification ( 2888:World Urbanization Prospects, the 2011 Revision 765:, the annual number of deaths per 1,000 people. 318:also expressed important ideas on this ground. 4061:List of household surveys in the United States 2913:Brief review of world basic demographic trends 1852: 1493:Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 649:1946 National Survey of Health and Development 92: 'writing, drawing, description') is the 4127:World Association for Public Opinion Research 3634: 2939: 2882:World Population Prospects, the 2012 Revision 1897: 1895: 1893: 1891: 1530:Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research 877:. What is the size of the population at time 203:, major diagnoses and major medical history. 4076:Suffolk University Political Research Center 2877:United Nations Population Division: Homepage 1798:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 1767: 1765: 1763: 1265:can be used to show slow population growth, 670:(SMR) or standardized incidence rate (SIR). 2350: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2121:"Cohort profile: 1958 British Cohort Study" 1968: 1683:"UC Berkeley Demography department website" 255:refers to the overall study of population. 3648: 3641: 3627: 2946: 2932: 1888: 1863: 1321: 725: 158:information gathered at any time. In the 2177: 2136: 1760: 1524:Institut national d'études démographiques 1304: 1216: 290:. In Rome, writers and philosophers like 106:examines and measures the dimensions and 4206:Interdisciplinary subfields of sociology 2855:) is being considered for deletion. See 2685:. New York: Harwood Academic Publisher, 2678:Controversial Neo-Malthusianist pamphlet 2341: 1205:, or a national association such as the 1152: 690:. When this statistic is achieved, the 567: 555: 42: 4086:Quinnipiac University Polling Institute 2415:"Doubling of world population unlikely" 2403:, Vol. 20, No. 4 (Nov., 1983): 461-489. 1962: 1735: 1574:Brazilian Journal of Population Studies 14: 4183: 4071:New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study 4018:Comparative Study of Electoral Systems 2902:Java Simulation of Population Dynamics 2739:, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2627:, Jens Ehrhardt, Martin Kohli (Eds.): 2011: 1566: 1538:(Princeton University) (United States) 1378:National Security Study Memorandum 200 1273:Turnover and in internal labor markets 3622: 2927: 2787:Perry, Marc J. & Mackun, Paul J. 2550:from the original on 6 September 2019 2166:International Journal of Epidemiology 2125:International Journal of Epidemiology 2055: 1969:von Valtier, William F. (June 2011). 1689:from the original on 1 September 2006 1518:Global Social Change Research Project 702:Standardization of population numbers 364:, which contains a primitive form of 3577: 2602:from the original on 7 February 2023 2100:from the original on 13 October 2016 1864:Srivastava, Sangya (December 2005). 1820:from the original on 28 January 2021 1780:from the original on 10 January 2016 673: 75: 'people, society' and 4117:International Statistical Institute 2953: 2570:"Population Association of America" 2291:from the original on 6 January 2022 1874:. Anmol Publications Pvt. Limited. 1282:Population ecology of organizations 576: 24: 4008:American National Election Studies 3998:List of comparative social surveys 2754:Population: A Lively Introduction, 2618: 2576:from the original on 19 March 2011 1475:Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys 25: 4232: 2859:to help reach a consensus. › 2832: 2504:from the original on 29 July 2020 2311:"Global Population Profile: 2002" 2160:Elliott J and Shepherd P (2006). 1675: 1595:Population and Development Review 1434: 1358:Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality 1207:Population Association of America 519: 3600: 3589: 3576: 3565: 3564: 2524:Demographic Methods and Concepts 2259:from the original on 7 July 2017 1814:"What Are Patient Demographics?" 1581:Cahiers québécois de démographie 1511: 1343:Biodemography of human longevity 653:National Child Development Study 34:. For the album by 16 Volt, see 3519:List of social science journals 2588: 2562: 2536: 2516: 2490: 2478: 2406: 2393: 2374: 2357: 2303: 2271: 2239: 2213: 2202:Centre for Longitudinal Studies 2194: 2153: 2112: 2074: 2064: 2049: 2005: 1953: 1944: 1910: 1256: 602:Cox proportional hazards models 3476:Science and technology studies 2200:The last three are run by the 2119:Power C and Elliott J (2006). 2027:American Philosophical Society 1832: 1729: 1701: 1645: 1629: 1622:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary 1609: 1554:Vienna Institute of Demography 1487:Panel Study of Income Dynamics 1447:Demographic and Health Surveys 606:multiple decrement life tables 36:Demography: The Basement Tapes 13: 1: 2844: 2369:American Journal of Sociology 2247:"examples of standardization" 1602: 1536:Office of Population Research 1368:List of demographics articles 4201:Environmental social science 2918:Family and Fertility Surveys 2839:Quick demography data lookup 2811:. San Diego: Academic Press. 1986:(2): 158–188. Archived from 1716:U.S. Census Monitoring Board 1481:National Longitudinal Survey 1465:German General Social Survey 1261:The demographic analysis of 832:has an unchanging structure. 608:, Brass relational logits), 7: 4051:International Social Survey 2757:Population Reference Bureau 1653:"The Science of Population" 1330: 967:Natural increase from time 800:replacement level fertility 624:, multistate life tables), 10: 4237: 2635:Historical Social Research 1285: 551:People's Republic of China 472: 216: 195:, postal code, ethnicity, 146:to develop an independent 78: 61: 29: 4135: 4099: 4081:The Phillips Academy Poll 3990: 3954: 3909:Exploratory data analysis 3879: 3799: 3762:Sample size determination 3707: 3657: 3560: 3527: 3511: 3258: 2984: 2961: 2060:. Routledge. p. 169. 1657:demographicpartitions.org 1441:Current Population Survey 1409:Population reconstruction 1348:Demographics of the world 657:1970 British Cohort Study 618:parity progression ratios 493:, migrations, marriages, 2871:Historicalstatistics.org 2857:templates for discussion 2646:. Hermitage Publishers, 2058:Encyclopedia of the City 453:(1821–1883) and his son 237:. Made up of the prefix 4022:Emerson College Polling 3914:Multivariate statistics 3757:Nonprobability sampling 3164:international relations 2841:(archived 4 March 2016) 2798:. Blackwell Publishing. 2663:. Blackwell Publishing. 2498:"N C H S - Life Tables" 2207:28 October 2018 at the 2025:(1). Philadelphia, PA: 1322:Nonprofit organizations 809:gross reproduction rate 726:Common rates and ratios 718:Within the category of 661:Millennium Cohort Study 512:There are two types of 451:Louis-Adolphe Bertillon 4031:European Social Survey 4013:Asian Barometer Survey 3904:Descriptive statistics 3789:Cross-sequential study 3742:Simple random sampling 3491:Quantum social science 1774:"Coverage Measurement" 1709:"Demographic Analysis" 1453:European Social Survey 1305:Business organizations 1288:organizational ecology 1222:Population composition 1217:Population composition 1107: 1031: 958: 818:net reproduction ratio 753:age-specific fertility 626:population projections 573: 565: 415:Malthusian catastrophe 409:. His work influenced 144:administrative records 138:. In the context of 48: 4041:General Social Survey 3924:Statistical inference 3784:Cross-sectional study 3528:Other categorizations 3381:International studies 3366:History of technology 3301:Communication studies 3184:public administration 2056:Caves, R. W. (2004). 1869:Studies in Demography 1459:General Social Survey 1424:Replacement migration 1414:Population statistics 1363:Linguistic demography 1353:Demographic economics 1299:environmental factors 1153:Science of population 1108: 1032: 959: 837:stationary population 771:infant mortality rate 583:historical demography 571: 559: 411:Thomas Robert Malthus 46: 3962:Audience measurement 3899:Level of measurement 3732:Sampling for surveys 3361:Historical sociology 2380:Cooper-Douglas, E., 1816:. 21 December 2011. 1499:Socio-Economic Panel 1419:Religious demography 1404:Population geography 1389:Political demography 1058: 982: 888: 791:total fertility rate 715:per eligible woman. 694:between two or more 483:spatial distribution 395:published his essay 335:Bartholomew of Lucca 180:Patient demographics 104:Demographic analysis 32:Demography (journal) 4216:Market segmentation 4122:Pew Research Center 4091:World Values Survey 3834:Specification error 3752:Stratified sampling 3541:Geisteswissenschaft 3535:Behavioral sciences 3461:Political sociology 3376:Information science 3321:Development studies 2821:. Chicago: R. Dee, 2777:. Chicago: R. Dee, 2764:1 June 2013 at the 2675:The Population Bomb 2467:on 16 December 2008 2434:1997Natur.387..803L 1929:9 July 2019 at the 1840:Demographic Methods 1637:Population Bulletin 1567:Scientific journals 1505:World Values Survey 1429:Reproductive health 1399:Population dynamics 1373:Medieval demography 779:expectation of life 638:population momentum 339:William of Auvergne 150:of the population. 3929:Statistical models 3829:Non-sampling error 3727:Statistical sample 3667:Collection methods 3596:Society portal 3083:auxiliary sciences 2815:Wattenberg, Ben J. 2640:Glad, John. 2008. 2522:Donald T. Rowland 2329:on 1 February 2022 2179:10.1093/ije/dyl174 2138:10.1093/ije/dyi183 1625:. Merriam-Webster. 1542:Population Council 1394:Population biology 1238:population pyramid 1103: 1027: 954: 830:population pyramid 706:For there to be a 616:-Trussell models, 574: 566: 477:Demography is the 403:exponential growth 382:Augustus De Morgan 349:sociologists like 331:William of Conches 173:U.S. Census Bureau 164:population ecology 49: 4221:Human populations 4196:Actuarial science 4178: 4177: 3894:Contingency table 3869:Processing errors 3854:Non-response bias 3844:Measurement error 3824:Systematic errors 3616: 3615: 3456:Political economy 3451:Political ecology 3306:Community studies 3296:Cognitive science 3259:Interdisciplinary 3159:Political science 2771:Ben J. Wattenberg 2745:978-3-642-15593-2 2700:Daria Khaltourina 2428:(6635): 803–805. 2094:Our World in Data 1933:. Moscow: URSS, 1748:on 6 October 2011 1663:on 14 August 2015 1639:46.2 (1991): n2. 1095: 1080: 1065: 1019: 1004: 989: 946: 931: 916: 895: 826:stable population 692:population growth 680:Global population 674:Population change 622:Sullivan's method 503:population change 465:(1837–1914), and 423:Benjamin Gompertz 393:Benjamin Franklin 343:William of Pagula 211:social demography 207:Formal demography 94:statistical study 16:(Redirected from 4228: 3889:Categorical data 3643: 3636: 3629: 3620: 3619: 3604: 3594: 3593: 3580: 3579: 3568: 3567: 3471:Regional science 3316:Cultural studies 3291:Business studies 2948: 2941: 2934: 2925: 2924: 2805:Siegal, Jacob S. 2696:Andrey Korotayev 2612: 2611: 2609: 2607: 2592: 2586: 2585: 2583: 2581: 2566: 2560: 2559: 2557: 2555: 2540: 2534: 2520: 2514: 2513: 2511: 2509: 2494: 2488: 2482: 2476: 2475: 2473: 2472: 2466: 2460:. Archived from 2419: 2410: 2404: 2397: 2391: 2378: 2372: 2361: 2355: 2352: 2339: 2338: 2336: 2334: 2328: 2322:. Archived from 2315: 2307: 2301: 2300: 2298: 2296: 2290: 2283: 2275: 2269: 2268: 2266: 2264: 2258: 2251: 2243: 2237: 2236: 2234: 2232: 2223:. Archived from 2217: 2211: 2198: 2192: 2191: 2181: 2157: 2151: 2150: 2140: 2116: 2110: 2109: 2107: 2105: 2078: 2072: 2068: 2062: 2061: 2053: 2047: 2046: 2009: 2003: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1992: 1975: 1966: 1960: 1957: 1951: 1948: 1942: 1918:Andrey Korotayev 1914: 1908: 1899: 1886: 1885: 1861: 1850: 1836: 1830: 1829: 1827: 1825: 1810: 1804: 1803: 1797: 1789: 1787: 1785: 1769: 1758: 1757: 1755: 1753: 1744:. Archived from 1733: 1727: 1726: 1724: 1722: 1713: 1705: 1699: 1698: 1696: 1694: 1679: 1673: 1672: 1670: 1668: 1659:. Archived from 1649: 1643: 1633: 1627: 1626: 1613: 1384:NRS social grade 1267:population aging 1138:world population 1112: 1110: 1109: 1104: 1102: 1101: 1096: 1093: 1087: 1086: 1081: 1078: 1072: 1071: 1066: 1063: 1036: 1034: 1033: 1028: 1026: 1025: 1020: 1017: 1011: 1010: 1005: 1002: 996: 995: 990: 988:Natural Increase 987: 963: 961: 960: 955: 953: 952: 947: 944: 938: 937: 932: 930:Natural Increase 929: 923: 922: 917: 914: 908: 907: 896: 893: 873:persons at time 630:Lee-Carter model 577:Indirect methods 497:, diseases, and 443:Adolphe Quetelet 407:British colonies 89: 82: 72: 65: 21: 4236: 4235: 4231: 4230: 4229: 4227: 4226: 4225: 4211:Human geography 4181: 4180: 4179: 4174: 4131: 4095: 4056:Latinobarómetro 3986: 3972:Market research 3950: 3875: 3849:Response errors 3795: 3769:Research design 3737:Random sampling 3703: 3687:Semi-structured 3659:Data collection 3653: 3651:survey research 3647: 3617: 3612: 3588: 3556: 3523: 3507: 3481:Science studies 3265:Administration 3254: 2980: 2957: 2955:Social sciences 2952: 2860: 2835: 2766:Wayback Machine 2727:Phillip Longman 2670:Paul R. Ehrlich 2621: 2619:Further reading 2616: 2615: 2605: 2603: 2594: 2593: 2589: 2579: 2577: 2568: 2567: 2563: 2553: 2551: 2542: 2541: 2537: 2521: 2517: 2507: 2505: 2496: 2495: 2491: 2483: 2479: 2470: 2468: 2464: 2417: 2411: 2407: 2398: 2394: 2379: 2375: 2362: 2358: 2353: 2342: 2332: 2330: 2326: 2313: 2309: 2308: 2304: 2294: 2292: 2288: 2281: 2277: 2276: 2272: 2262: 2260: 2256: 2249: 2245: 2244: 2240: 2230: 2228: 2227:on 3 April 2016 2219: 2218: 2214: 2209:Wayback Machine 2199: 2195: 2158: 2154: 2117: 2113: 2103: 2101: 2079: 2075: 2069: 2065: 2054: 2050: 2010: 2006: 1996: 1994: 1993:on 5 March 2016 1990: 1973: 1967: 1963: 1958: 1954: 1949: 1945: 1931:Wayback Machine 1915: 1911: 1900: 1889: 1882: 1867:S.C.Srivastava, 1862: 1853: 1837: 1833: 1823: 1821: 1812: 1811: 1807: 1791: 1790: 1783: 1781: 1770: 1761: 1751: 1749: 1742:About.com Money 1734: 1730: 1720: 1718: 1711: 1707: 1706: 1702: 1692: 1690: 1681: 1680: 1676: 1666: 1664: 1651: 1650: 1646: 1634: 1630: 1615: 1614: 1610: 1605: 1600: 1569: 1556:(VID) (Austria) 1550:(United States) 1544:(United States) 1526:(INED) (France) 1520:(United States) 1514: 1437: 1333: 1324: 1307: 1290: 1284: 1275: 1259: 1254: 1246:population size 1234:social dynamics 1219: 1155: 1136:projections of 1097: 1092: 1091: 1082: 1077: 1076: 1067: 1062: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1055: 1021: 1016: 1015: 1006: 1001: 1000: 991: 986: 985: 983: 980: 979: 948: 943: 942: 933: 928: 927: 918: 913: 912: 897: 892: 891: 889: 886: 885: 871: 864: 783:life expectancy 728: 720:standardization 704: 676: 612:(Hermes model, 594:Gompertz models 579: 522: 514:data collection 507:standardization 475: 304:Marcus Aurelius 300:Pliny the Elder 243:and the suffix 219: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4234: 4224: 4223: 4218: 4213: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4193: 4176: 4175: 4173: 4172: 4171: 4170: 4165: 4160: 4155: 4150: 4142: 4136: 4133: 4132: 4130: 4129: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4103: 4101: 4097: 4096: 4094: 4093: 4088: 4083: 4078: 4073: 4068: 4063: 4058: 4053: 4048: 4043: 4038: 4033: 4028: 4023: 4020: 4015: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3994: 3992: 3988: 3987: 3985: 3984: 3982:Public opinion 3979: 3974: 3969: 3964: 3958: 3956: 3952: 3951: 3949: 3948: 3947: 3946: 3941: 3936: 3926: 3921: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3891: 3885: 3883: 3877: 3876: 3874: 3873: 3872: 3871: 3866: 3864:Pseudo-opinion 3861: 3859:Coverage error 3856: 3851: 3846: 3841: 3836: 3826: 3821: 3816: 3814:Standard error 3811: 3809:Sampling error 3805: 3803: 3797: 3796: 3794: 3793: 3792: 3791: 3786: 3781: 3776: 3766: 3765: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3747:Quota sampling 3744: 3739: 3729: 3724: 3722:Sampling frame 3719: 3713: 3711: 3705: 3704: 3702: 3701: 3700: 3699: 3694: 3689: 3684: 3674: 3669: 3663: 3661: 3655: 3654: 3646: 3645: 3638: 3631: 3623: 3614: 3613: 3611: 3610: 3598: 3586: 3574: 3561: 3558: 3557: 3555: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3537: 3531: 3529: 3525: 3524: 3522: 3521: 3515: 3513: 3509: 3508: 3506: 3505: 3500: 3495: 3494: 3493: 3488: 3478: 3473: 3468: 3463: 3458: 3453: 3448: 3447: 3446: 3441: 3436: 3428: 3427: 3426: 3424:social science 3421: 3416: 3411: 3406: 3398: 3393: 3388: 3383: 3378: 3373: 3368: 3363: 3358: 3356:Global studies 3353: 3351:Gender studies 3348: 3343: 3342: 3341: 3336: 3334:social science 3330:Environmental 3328: 3323: 3318: 3313: 3308: 3303: 3298: 3293: 3288: 3283: 3278: 3277: 3276: 3271: 3262: 3260: 3256: 3255: 3253: 3252: 3251: 3250: 3245: 3240: 3235: 3230: 3220: 3219: 3218: 3213: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3188: 3187: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3156: 3155: 3154: 3144: 3143: 3142: 3137: 3132: 3127: 3122: 3112: 3111: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3090: 3085: 3080: 3070: 3069: 3068: 3063: 3058: 3053: 3043: 3042: 3041: 3036: 3031: 3029:macroeconomics 3026: 3024:microeconomics 3016: 3015: 3014: 3009: 3004: 2999: 2988: 2986: 2982: 2981: 2979: 2978: 2973: 2968: 2962: 2959: 2958: 2951: 2950: 2943: 2936: 2928: 2922: 2921: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2899: 2898: 2897: 2891: 2885: 2874: 2868: 2842: 2834: 2833:External links 2831: 2830: 2829: 2812: 2802: 2799: 2792: 2785: 2768: 2747: 2733: 2724: 2721: 2718: 2707:. Moscow: URSS 2693: 2679: 2667: 2664: 2657: 2654: 2638: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2613: 2587: 2561: 2535: 2515: 2489: 2485:John Bongaarts 2477: 2405: 2392: 2373: 2356: 2340: 2302: 2270: 2238: 2212: 2193: 2152: 2111: 2086:Hannah Ritchie 2073: 2063: 2048: 2013:Zirkle, Conway 2004: 1961: 1952: 1943: 1909: 1887: 1880: 1851: 1831: 1805: 1759: 1728: 1700: 1674: 1644: 1628: 1607: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1599: 1598: 1591: 1584: 1577: 1568: 1565: 1564: 1563: 1557: 1551: 1545: 1539: 1533: 1527: 1521: 1513: 1510: 1509: 1508: 1502: 1501:(SOEP, German) 1496: 1490: 1484: 1478: 1472: 1462: 1456: 1450: 1444: 1436: 1435:Social surveys 1433: 1432: 1431: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1323: 1320: 1306: 1303: 1286:Main article: 1283: 1280: 1274: 1271: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1230:marital status 1218: 1215: 1154: 1151: 1130:United Nations 1114: 1113: 1100: 1090: 1085: 1075: 1070: 1038: 1037: 1024: 1014: 1009: 999: 994: 965: 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science 3545: 3543: 3542: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3532: 3530: 3526: 3520: 3517: 3516: 3514: 3510: 3504: 3503:Vegan studies 3501: 3499: 3496: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3483: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3472: 3469: 3467: 3466:Public health 3464: 3462: 3459: 3457: 3454: 3452: 3449: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3431: 3429: 3425: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3415: 3412: 3410: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3401: 3400:Philosophies 3399: 3397: 3396:Media studies 3394: 3392: 3389: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3372: 3371:Human ecology 3369: 3367: 3364: 3362: 3359: 3357: 3354: 3352: 3349: 3347: 3344: 3340: 3337: 3335: 3332: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3324: 3322: 3319: 3317: 3314: 3312: 3309: 3307: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3297: 3294: 3292: 3289: 3287: 3284: 3282: 3281:Anthrozoology 3279: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3266: 3264: 3263: 3261: 3257: 3249: 3246: 3244: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3231: 3229: 3226: 3225: 3224: 3221: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3206:developmental 3204: 3202: 3199: 3197: 3194: 3193: 3192: 3189: 3185: 3182: 3180: 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2760: 2758: 2755: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2732: 2728: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2717: 2715: 2714:5-484-00414-4 2711: 2708: 2706: 2701: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2691:3-7186-4983-7 2688: 2684: 2680: 2677: 2676: 2671: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2652:1-55779-154-6 2649: 2645: 2644: 2639: 2637:36 (2), 2011. 2636: 2632: 2631: 2626: 2623: 2622: 2601: 2597: 2591: 2575: 2571: 2565: 2549: 2545: 2539: 2533: 2532:0-19-875263-6 2529: 2525: 2519: 2503: 2499: 2493: 2486: 2481: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2442:10.1038/42935 2439: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2416: 2409: 2402: 2396: 2389: 2388: 2383: 2377: 2370: 2366: 2360: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2325: 2321: 2320: 2312: 2306: 2287: 2280: 2274: 2255: 2248: 2242: 2226: 2222: 2216: 2210: 2206: 2203: 2197: 2189: 2185: 2180: 2175: 2172:(4): 836–43. 2171: 2167: 2163: 2156: 2148: 2144: 2139: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2115: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2077: 2067: 2059: 2052: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2019: 2014: 2008: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1980: 1972: 1965: 1956: 1947: 1940: 1939:5-484-00414-4 1936: 1932: 1928: 1925: 1924: 1919: 1913: 1906: 1904: 1901:Peter Biller, 1898: 1896: 1894: 1892: 1883: 1881:9788126119929 1877: 1873: 1872: 1868: 1860: 1858: 1856: 1849: 1848:0-340-71892-7 1845: 1841: 1838:Andrew Hinde 1835: 1819: 1815: 1809: 1801: 1795: 1779: 1775: 1768: 1766: 1764: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1736:Jean Murray. 1732: 1717: 1710: 1704: 1688: 1684: 1678: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1648: 1642: 1638: 1632: 1624: 1623: 1618: 1612: 1608: 1597: 1596: 1592: 1590: 1589: 1585: 1583: 1582: 1578: 1576: 1575: 1571: 1570: 1561: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1537: 1534: 1531: 1528: 1525: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1515: 1512:Organizations 1506: 1503: 1500: 1497: 1494: 1491: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1476: 1473: 1470: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1442: 1439: 1438: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1415: 1412: 1410: 1407: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1338:Biodemography 1336: 1335: 1328: 1319: 1316: 1313: 1302: 1300: 1295: 1289: 1279: 1270: 1268: 1264: 1263:labor markets 1249: 1247: 1241: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1214: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1170: 1166: 1164: 1160: 1150: 1148: 1144: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1126: 1122: 1120: 1098: 1088: 1083: 1073: 1068: 1064:Net Migration 1054: 1053: 1052: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1041:Net migration 1022: 1012: 1007: 997: 992: 978: 977: 976: 974: 970: 949: 945:Net Migration 939: 934: 924: 919: 909: 904: 901: 898: 884: 883: 882: 880: 876: 872: 859: 857: 851: 845: 844:urban centres 841: 838: 834: 831: 827: 823: 820: 819: 814: 811: 810: 805: 802: 801: 796: 793: 792: 787: 784: 780: 776: 773: 772: 767: 764: 763: 757: 754: 750: 747: 746: 740: 737: 736: 730: 729: 723: 721: 716: 713: 709: 699: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 671: 669: 664: 662: 658: 654: 650: 645: 643: 639: 635: 634:Leslie Matrix 631: 627: 623: 619: 615: 611: 607: 603: 599: 595: 591: 586: 584: 570: 564:by population 563: 558: 554: 552: 546: 544: 539: 534: 532: 528: 527:United States 517: 515: 510: 508: 504: 500: 496: 492: 488: 484: 480: 470: 468: 464: 463:Wilhelm Lexis 461:(1858–1917), 460: 456: 452: 449:(1807–1883), 448: 445:(1796–1874), 444: 438: 435: 430: 428: 424: 420: 416: 412: 408: 404: 401:, projecting 400: 399: 394: 389: 387: 383: 379: 378:Richard Price 375: 374:Edmond Halley 371: 367: 363: 359: 354: 352: 348: 344: 340: 336: 332: 328: 324: 319: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 256: 254: 253: 248: 247: 242: 241: 236: 232: 228: 224: 214: 212: 208: 204: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 185:date of birth 181: 177: 174: 169: 168:institutional 165: 161: 157: 153: 149: 145: 141: 137: 133: 132:social actors 129: 125: 121: 117: 113: 109: 105: 101: 99: 95: 91: 88: 81: 77: 74: 71: 64: 60: 57: 56:Ancient Greek 53: 45: 41: 37: 33: 19: 4100:Associations 3977:Opinion poll 3966: 3955:Applications 3779:Cohort study 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(2001) 2773:(2004), 2762:Archived 2752:(2007), 2729:(2004), 2702:(2006). 2672:(1968), 2600:Archived 2580:14 April 2574:Archived 2554:20 April 2548:Archived 2502:Archived 2387:ABC News 2286:Archived 2254:Archived 2231:26 March 2205:Archived 2188:16931528 2147:16155052 2098:Archived 1927:Archived 1818:Archived 1794:cite web 1784:26 March 1778:Archived 1752:26 March 1687:Archived 1667:4 August 1331:See also 743:general 495:divorces 427:Verhulst 388:(1838). 272:Epicurus 148:estimate 120:religion 108:dynamics 87:-graphía 3649:Social 3583:Commons 3414:history 3404:science 3339:studies 3073:History 2985:Primary 2971:History 2966:Outline 2849:below ( 2526:Ch. 11 2458:4306159 2450:9194559 2430:Bibcode 1380:of 1974 1195:history 1147:Austria 696:nations 642:Keyfitz 636:), and 560:Map of 473:Methods 455:Jacques 434:Belgian 321:In the 246:-graphy 217:History 80:-γραφία 3717:Census 3697:Couple 3274:public 3216:social 3108:social 3007:social 2866:Curlie 2852:Curlie 2825: 2781: 2743: 2712: 2698:& 2689: 2650: 2530: 2456: 2448: 2422:Nature 2186: 2145: 2043:984852 2041: 2033: 1937: 1878: 1846: 1842:Ch. 1 1489:(PSID) 1477:(MICS) 1469:ALLBUS 1211:Canada 1199:CICRED 1018:Deaths 1003:Births 760:crude 733:crude 684:census 655:, the 632:, the 538:census 531:Europe 491:deaths 370:London 347:Muslim 345:, and 314:, and 296:Seneca 292:Cicero 189:gender 156:census 122:, and 3444:urban 3248:urban 3243:rural 3093:human 3056:human 2976:Index 2920:(FFS) 2465:(PDF) 2454:S2CID 2418:(PDF) 2327:(PDF) 2314:(PDF) 2289:(PDF) 2282:(PDF) 2257:(PDF) 2250:(PDF) 2039:JSTOR 1991:(PDF) 1974:(PDF) 1712:(PDF) 1507:(WVS) 1483:(NLS) 1461:(GSS) 1455:(ESS) 1449:(DHS) 1443:(CPS) 1051:+ 1: 975:+ 1: 614:Coale 487:birth 284:Plato 280:Polus 240:demo- 235:India 231:China 193:death 140:human 70:dêmos 63:δῆμος 58: 3512:List 2823:ISBN 2779:ISBN 2741:ISBN 2710:ISBN 2687:ISBN 2648:ISBN 2608:2022 2582:2011 2556:2008 2528:ISBN 2510:2017 2446:PMID 2335:2023 2297:2022 2265:2022 2233:2016 2184:PMID 2143:PMID 2106:2022 2031:ISSN 1999:2018 1935:ISBN 1876:ISBN 1844:ISBN 1826:2020 1800:link 1786:2016 1754:2016 1723:2023 1695:2006 1669:2015 1226:race 1193:and 815:The 806:The 797:The 788:The 781:(or 777:The 768:The 758:The 751:The 741:The 731:The 425:and 312:Cato 286:and 233:and 3115:Law 2864:at 2633:. 2438:doi 2426:387 2174:doi 2133:doi 1984:155 1145:in 1134:WHO 1047:to 971:to 644:). 405:in 4187:: 2598:. 2572:. 2546:. 2500:. 2452:. 2444:. 2436:. 2424:. 2420:. 2384:, 2367:, 2343:^ 2316:. 2284:. 2252:. 2182:. 2170:35 2168:. 2164:. 2141:. 2129:35 2127:. 2123:. 2096:. 2092:. 2084:; 2037:. 2023:84 2021:. 1982:. 1976:. 1890:^ 1854:^ 1796:}} 1792:{{ 1776:. 1762:^ 1740:. 1714:. 1685:. 1655:. 1619:. 1240:. 1213:. 1189:, 1185:, 1181:, 1177:, 1132:) 835:A 824:A 604:, 600:, 596:, 592:, 536:A 505:, 489:, 429:. 384:, 353:. 341:, 337:, 333:, 325:, 310:, 306:, 302:, 298:, 294:, 282:, 278:, 274:, 270:, 266:, 262:, 229:, 225:, 187:, 118:, 114:, 3642:e 3635:t 3628:v 2947:e 2940:t 2933:v 2904:. 2610:. 2584:. 2558:. 2512:. 2474:. 2440:: 2432:: 2337:. 2299:. 2267:. 2235:. 2190:. 2176:: 2149:. 2135:: 2108:. 2045:. 2001:. 1941:. 1907:. 1884:. 1828:. 1802:) 1788:. 1756:. 1725:. 1697:. 1671:. 1471:) 1467:( 1099:t 1084:t 1074:= 1069:t 1049:t 1045:t 1023:t 1008:t 998:= 993:t 973:t 969:t 950:t 940:+ 935:t 925:+ 920:t 910:= 905:1 902:+ 899:t 879:t 875:t 870:t 846:. 640:( 628:( 90:) 84:( 73:) 67:( 38:. 20:)

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