353:, one infantry company and a supply detachment were created, consisting of four officers and seventy-one enlisted men. Prior to the passage of the National Security Act of 1920, whenever National Guard units were federalized, these National Guardsmen would be automatically discharged from the National Guard and reenlisted into federal service, and rather than being returned to the state's National Guard upon completion of enlistment they were instead discharged from the military altogether; therefore, in the aftermath of the war, the Home Guard was the only military force under Delaware's control until the reformation of the Delaware National Guard and dismissal of the Home Guard.
52:
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245:, the United States maintained a small full-time, professional military and largely relied on state militias to provide for the nation's defense. These state militias would eventually evolve into the National Guard and their stateside parallels, the state defense forces, and both organizations trace their lineage directly to the state militias which operated prior to the creation of the modern-day National Guard.
455:. Currently, 23 states and the territory of Puerto Rico take advantage of this legislation by maintaining active state defense forces. Delaware law also allows for the creation and maintenance of state defense forces by the governor of Delaware under Title 20, Chapter 3 of the Delaware Code. Given the legal framework at both state and federal level, it is possible for the
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As a state defense force, the
Delaware State Guard served as internal troops who could be responsible for the stateside duties of the National Guard, including disaster relief, riot control, repelling an invasion, halting insurrection, and protecting infrastructure against sabotage. Guardsmen were
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The
Delaware State Guard began as one battalion, but through the war it grew to a regiment with two battalions numbering some 450–500 men with seven line companies of soldiers. Members were drawn from youth in high school who were too young to be inducted into the military, men who were too old to
361:
In 1940, Section 61 of the
National Defense Act of 1916 was modified to again allow the establishment of state defense forces. At the state level, the Delaware General Assembly passed legislation on April 14, 1941 "to provide for the Creation, Maintenance, Discipline, Legislation and Use of the
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The personal equipment issued to every enlisted guardsmen and expected to be brought to training included: a coverall, issue shoes, a helmet liner, a gas mask, a water canteen, a web belt, a bayonet, a denim coat, trousers and a hat: a raincoat, a rifle, a waist belt, and a revolver. For
407:
non-commissioned officers, gear included a khaki cotton shirt, trousers, a tie, a cap, dress shoes, towels, a wash cloth, underwear, socks, a tooth brush and paste, a bathing suit, a shaving outfit, soap, shoe polish and a rag, a comb and brush, and a small mirror.
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expected to attend weekly training sessions as well as summer encampments for further training. Although the Guard never had to repel an invasion or quell a riot, units from the Guard were called up on June 10, 1945, when an Army Air Force plane crashed near
345:, or Home Guards. These units were solely funded and trained by the state, and could not be federalized or be deployed outside the state's borders. The Delaware Home Guard was created in February 1917 in order to assume the stateside duties of the
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In response to the possibility that the states would prove vulnerable to invasion, insurrection, natural disasters, rioting, and other threats if the
National Guard were to be federalized upon entry of the United States into
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257:
272:, where they comprised the majority of force that drove off a British naval squadron seeking control of the Delaware River. Despite the federal government initially prohibiting volunteer units the
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in order to provide radio communication among all the units in the state. Previously the State Guard had been forced to rely upon borrowed State Police radios for maneuvers and for radio cars.
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Training and drills were conducted on a weekly basis, and during summer encampments where units would train together as a cohesive organization. The first field encampment was held at
382:, proper wear of gas masks, field exercises, learning the basics of modern warfare. They attended classes, watched training films on first aid, and practiced battle formations.
378:
in
Middletown, in August 1942, consisting of target practice, military tactics, and army regulations. Training for state guardsmen included practicing night patrols, firing
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391:
serve in the military, those of the draft age who were for any reason found unfit for federal duty, and men of the draft age who were waiting to be drafted.
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rifles from the War
Department, though in May 1942 the War Department took back about 100 rifles and replaced them with repeater guard shotguns.
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After the war, the
Delaware State Guard received surplus equipment from the federal armed forces, including eight jeeps and an ambulance from
374:
from July 31 until August 8, 1943. Before organizing annual summer encampments, the commissioned officers and NCOs conducted training at
362:
Delaware State Guard" The
Delaware State Guard was formed in May 1941 under control of Colonel J. Paul Heinel, a World War I veteran.
415:
328:, largely turning the state militias from a state-funded and controlled force to a reserve component of the federal military.
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320:, the 1st Delaware Volunteer Infantry was mustered into federal service but not deployed abroad. With the passage of the
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of the state, the
Delaware State Guard was created with the intent of acting as a stateside replacement for the
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414:, New Jersey in August 1945. Additionally, in June 1946, the State Guard received its own waveband from the
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The
Delaware State Guard was disbanded on January 3, 1947, at a public ceremony at the Wilmingon Armory.
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State defense forces are permitted by the federal government under Title 32, Section 109 of the
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The first militia in Delaware was formed when Swedish settlers took up arms to defend
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252:(which was at the time a Swedish settlement) against Dutch invaders. During the
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Delaware State Guard, A History: by Brig. Gen. Kennard R. Wiggins, (DE ANG Ret)
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292:, losing so many men that the unit was nicknamed "The Bloody 11th." During the
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during their deployment abroad. Under General Order #10, issued by Delaware's
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341:, Congress passed the Home Defense Act in June 1917 to allow the creation of
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725:"Katrina's Forgotten Responders: State Defense Forces Play a Vital Role"
535:. Delaware Military Heritage & Education Foundation. Archived from
431:. The Guard was assigned to guard the wreckage until it was removed to
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List of United States militia units in the American Revolutionary War
276:, a volunteer unit raised in Delaware would serve in the battles of
632:
The American Home Guard: The State Militia in the Twentieth Century
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210:
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178:
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Carafano, James Jay; Brinkerhoff, John R. (October 5, 2005).
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cause. These units would earn distinction in the battles of
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754:
State of Delaware: The Official Website of the First State
563:"A Brief History of the 1st Delaware Volunteer Infantry"
678:. Delaware Military Heritage and Education Foundation
610:. Delaware Military Heritage and Education Foundation
505:. Delaware Military Heritage and Education Foundation
229:
while the National Guard units were deployed abroad.
676:"The Delaware National Guard Between the World Wars"
268:, all of the Delaware volunteer units saw combat at
722:
698:"32 U.S. Code § 109 - Maintenance of other troops"
399:Initially, the Delaware State Guard received 300
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606:Wiggins, Brig. Gen. Kennard R. (November 2010).
324:, all state militia units were folded into the
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530:"Brief History of the Delaware National Guard"
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1230:State defense forces of the United States
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459:to reactivate the Delaware State Guard.
162:Governor of Delaware during World War II
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567:The Spanish-American Centennial Website
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149:Governor of Delaware during World War I
129:Delaware Department of Military Affairs
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608:"The Delaware State Guard, A History"
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961:Texas State Guard Maritime Regiment
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479:United States Coast Guard Auxiliary
326:National Guard of the United States
243:National Guard of the United States
241:and the subsequent creation of the
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1082:Massachusetts State Defense Force
750:"CHAPTER 3. STATE DEFENSE FORCES"
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68:
50:
24:
704:. Cornell University Law School
674:Wiggins, Brig. Gen. Kennard R.
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213:, which was active during both
875:New Mexico State Defense Force
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641:Texas A&M University Press
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474:Delaware Wing Civil Air Patrol
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30:Delaware State Guard insignia.
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1192:Wisconsin State Defense Force
629:Stentiford, Barry M. (2002).
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385:
260:of militia in support of the
1132:North Carolina Naval Militia
1107:Missouri State Defense Force
992:Colorado State Defense Force
956:South Carolina Naval Militia
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233:History of predecessor units
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1077:Massachusetts Naval Militia
977:Alabama State Defense Force
970:Inactive/historical/defunct
845:Georgia State Defense Force
702:Legal Information Institute
462:
365:
10:
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1162:Rhode Island Naval Militia
900:South Carolina State Guard
890:Oregon Civil Defense Force
825:Alaska State Defense Force
254:American Revolutionary War
205:is the currently inactive
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997:Connecticut Naval Militia
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1182:Washington Naval Militia
1177:Utah State Defense Force
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1152:Pennsylvania State Guard
1122:New Jersey Naval Militia
1037:Illinois Reserve Militia
1022:Hawaii Territorial Guard
982:Alaska Territorial Guard
433:New Castle Army Air Base
264:side of the war. In the
1187:Wisconsin Naval Militia
1092:Minnesota Naval Militia
1062:Louisiana Naval Militia
1057:Kentucky Active Militia
895:Puerto Rico State Guard
870:Mississippi State Guard
835:Connecticut State Guard
347:Delaware National Guard
296:, Delaware would raise
227:Delaware National Guard
1127:New Jersey State Guard
1102:Missouri Naval Militia
1087:Michigan Naval Militia
1072:Maryland Naval Militia
1032:Illinois Naval Militia
946:New York Naval Militia
925:Washington State Guard
920:Virginia Defense Force
865:Michigan Defense Force
860:Maryland Defense Force
830:California State Guard
637:College Station, Texas
401:1903 Model Springfield
112:Military reserve force
1097:Minnesota State Guard
1042:Indiana Naval Militia
1012:Georgia Naval Militia
1007:Florida Naval Militia
905:Tennessee State Guard
885:Ohio Military Reserve
855:Louisiana State Guard
850:Indiana Guard Reserve
156:John G. Townsend, Jr.
1225:Military in Delaware
1147:Oregon Naval Militia
1142:Oklahoma State Guard
1112:Nebraska State Guard
1017:Hawaii Naval Militia
1002:Delaware State Guard
987:Arkansas State Guard
941:Alaska Naval Militia
818:State defense forces
807:State defense forces
457:Governor of Delaware
343:state defense forces
318:Spanish–American War
274:Mexican–American War
203:Delaware State Guard
138:Wilmington, Delaware
19:Delaware State Guard
915:Vermont State Guard
840:Florida State Guard
756:. State of Delaware
561:McSherry, Patrick.
322:Militia Act of 1903
239:Militia Act of 1903
207:state defense force
102:State defense force
1052:Kansas State Guard
951:Ohio Naval Militia
453:United States Code
376:St. Andrews School
300:in support of the
294:American Civil War
256:, Delaware raised
221:. As the official
175:Commanding Officer
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1157:Pennsylvania Navy
1067:Maine State Guard
1027:Idaho State Guard
910:Texas State Guard
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357:World War II
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192:Victor Clark
126:Part of
439:Disbandment
372:Fort DuPont
339:World War I
332:World War I
290:Chapultepec
266:War of 1812
215:World War I
190:Lt. Colonel
134:Garrison/HQ
1219:Categories
650:1585441813
490:References
386:Membership
380:Tommy guns
314:Gettysburg
282:Cherubusco
144:Commanders
64:Allegiance
395:Equipment
278:Contreras
41:1941–1947
39:1917–1919
463:See also
412:Fort Dix
366:Training
211:Delaware
166:Governor
153:Governor
76:Delaware
262:Patriot
223:militia
179:Colonel
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46:Country
760:27 May
734:28 May
708:27 May
682:27 May
656:27 May
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614:27 May
572:27 May
546:27 May
509:27 May
429:Newark
422:Duties
312:, and
288:, and
82:Branch
73:
55:
36:Active
540:(PDF)
533:(PDF)
302:Union
270:Lewes
809:and
762:2014
736:2014
710:2014
684:2014
658:2014
645:ISBN
616:2014
574:2014
548:2014
511:2014
217:and
201:The
118:Size
108:Role
92:Type
86:Army
416:FCC
121:500
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
