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create temporary files in order to boot, and these may overwrite areas of lost data — rendering it unrecoverable. Viewing web pages has the same effect — potentially overwriting lost files with the temporary HTML and image files created when viewing a web page. File operations such as copying, editing, or deleting should also be avoided.
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If data loss occurs, a successful recovery must ensure that the deleted data is not over-written. For this reason write operations to the affected storage device should be avoided. This includes not starting the system to which the affected device is connected. This is because many operating systems
339:
was noticed. However, in most situations, there is an inverse correlation between the value of a unit of data and the length of time it takes to notice the loss of that data. Taking this into consideration, many backup strategies decrease the granularity of restorability as the time increases since
323:
Successful recovery from data loss generally requires implementation of an effective backup strategy. Without an implemented backup strategy, recovery requires reinstallation of programs and regeneration of data. Even with an effective backup strategy, restoring a system to the precise state it was
220:
Studies show hardware failure and human error are the two most common causes of data loss, accounting for roughly three quarters of all incidents. Another cause of data loss is a natural disaster, which is a greater risk dependent on where the hardware is located. While the probability of data loss
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File system corruption can frequently be repaired by the user or the system administrator. For example, a deleted file is typically not immediately overwritten on disk, but more often simply has its entry deleted from the file system index. In such a case, the deletion can be easily reversed.
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device and then attempt to recover lost data. If possible, create an image of the drive in order to establish a secondary copy of the data. This can then be tested on, with recovery attempted, abolishing the risk of harming the source data.
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is directly related to the value of the data and the length of time that it is unavailable yet needed. For an enterprise in particular, the definition of cost extends beyond the financial and can also include time. Consider:
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due to natural disaster is small, the only way to prepare for such an event is to store backup data in a separate physical location. As such, the best backup plans always include at least one copy being stored off-site.
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are an important asset to have when trying to recover after a data loss event, but they do not prevent user errors or system failures. As such, a data backup plan needs to be established and run in unison with a
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For hard disk drives, which are a physical storage medium, ensuring minimal vibration and movement will help protect against damaging the components internally, as can maintaining a suitable drive temperature.
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The frequency of data loss and the impact can be greatly mitigated by taking proper precautions, those of which necessary can vary depending on the type of data loss. For example, multiple power circuits with
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Recovering a single lost file is substantially different from recovering an entire system that was destroyed in a disaster. An effective backup regimen has some proportionality between the magnitude of
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Upon realizing data loss has occurred, it is often best to shut down the computer and remove the drive in question from the unit. Re-attach this drive to a secondary computer with a
304:
Data recovery is often performed by specialized commercial services that have developed often proprietary methods to recover data from physically damaged media. Service costs at
58:. Although the two have substantially similar consequences for users, data unavailability is temporary, while data loss may be permanent. Data loss is also distinct from
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may not be immediately apparent. An effective backup strategy must also consider the cost of maintaining the ability to recover lost data for long periods of time.
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and a generator only protect against power failures, though using an
Uninterruptible Power Supply can protect drive against sudden power spikes. Similarly, using a
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and the magnitude of effort required to recover. For example, it should be far easier to restore the single lost file than to recover the entire system.
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A highly effective backup system would have duplicate copies of every file and program that were immediately accessible whenever a
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is extremely difficult. Some level of compromise between granularity of recoverability and cost is necessary. Furthermore, a
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62:, an incident where data falls into the wrong hands, although the term data loss has been used in those incidents.
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Media that's suffered a catastrophic electronic failure requires data recovery in order to salvage its contents.
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on hard drives) or neglect (like mishandling, careless handling or storage under unsuitable conditions) in
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lost data. Data loss can also occur if the physical medium containing the data is lost or stolen.
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A data spill is sometimes referred to as unintentional information disclosure or a data leak.
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Managing catastrophic loss of sensitive data : a guide for IT and security professionals
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are usually dependent on type of damage and type of storage medium, as well as the required
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Business failure (vendor bankruptcy), where data is stored with a software vendor using
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storage only protect against certain types of software and hardware failure.
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in which information is destroyed by failures (like failed spindle motors or
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Data loss is distinguished from data unavailability, which may arise from a
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577:"Backup Software, Professional Backup Solution can prevent data loss"
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551:"Data Loss Prevention: 10 Tips to Prevent Hard Drive Failure"
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The cost of notifying users in the event of a compromise
151:, such as file system corruption or database corruption.
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526:"Preventing data loss in a perilous digital age"
47:equipment and processes to prevent data loss or
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348:is easier and more complete than recovery from
134:, such as not confirming a file delete command.
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191:Theft, hacking, SQL injection, sabotage, etc.
127:or freeze, resulting in data not being saved.
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81:Intentional deletion of a file or program
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355:Recovery is also related to the type of
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91:Accidental deletion of a file or program
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238:The cost of continuing without the data
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344:. By this logic, recovery from recent
94:Misplacement of physical storage media
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100:Inability to read unknown file format
504:TrendLabs Security Intelligence Blog
498:Leopando, Jonathan (2 April 2013).
460:. December 24, 2014. Archived from
352:that happened further in the past.
13:
500:"World Backup Day: The 3-2-1 Rule"
420:Constantine., Photopoulos (2008).
14:
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575:Leonard, Prisley (14 June 2017).
549:Connor, Chris (2 November 2013).
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39:. Information systems implement
241:The cost of recreating the data
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542:
518:
491:
479:
446:
413:
401:List of data recovery software
1:
454:"Data Spill Management Guide"
424:. Rockland, Mass.: Syngress.
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248:
368:Initial steps upon data loss
116:Hardware failure, such as a
7:
488:- Graziadio Business Report
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194:A malicious act, such as a
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145:has not been provisioned.
19:is an error condition in
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282:in order to lower risk.
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224:
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280:disaster recovery plan
260:journaling file system
130:Software bugs or poor
486:The cost of lost data
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139:Software-as-a-service
97:Administration errors
801:Protection (privacy)
87:Unintentional action
555:Data Storage Digest
464:on January 23, 2015
21:information systems
306:data recovery labs
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77:Intentional action
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881:Wrangling/munging
731:Format management
45:disaster recovery
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357:Data Loss Event.
350:Data Loss Events
346:Data Loss Events
324:in prior to the
162:Natural disaster
143:SaaS data escrow
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342:Data Loss Event
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330:Data Loss Event
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149:Data corruption
120:in a hard disk.
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340:the potential
290:Main article:
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256:battery backup
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229:The cost of a
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506:. Trend Micro
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791:Preservation
781:Philanthropy
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645:Augmentation
584:. Retrieved
581:minitool.com
580:
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558:. Retrieved
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533:. Retrieved
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508:. Retrieved
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466:. Retrieved
462:the original
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210:or theft of
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33:transmission
25:head crashes
16:
15:
851:Stewardship
741:Integration
690:Degradation
675:Compression
655:Archaeology
640:Acquisition
468:January 23,
123:A software
60:data breach
896:Categories
871:Validation
806:Publishing
796:Processing
766:Management
680:Corruption
670:Collection
586:25 October
535:2018-10-26
458:asd.gov.au
407:References
391:Data spill
249:Prevention
204:Ransomware
166:earthquake
118:head crash
72:Procedural
37:processing
876:Warehouse
841:Scrubbing
821:Retention
816:Reduction
771:Migration
746:Integrity
714:Transform
665:Cleansing
530:TechRadar
440:228148168
362:Data Loss
314:cleanroom
132:usability
17:Data loss
846:Security
836:Scraping
811:Recovery
685:Curation
650:Analysis
560:29 April
510:29 April
385:See also
310:security
157:Disaster
856:Storage
831:Science
826:Quality
756:Lineage
751:Library
726:Farming
709:Extract
695:Editing
275:backups
208:hacking
174:tornado
106:Failure
49:restore
29:storage
776:Mining
736:Fusion
438:
428:
176:, etc.
41:backup
200:virus
187:Crime
170:flood
125:crash
66:Types
35:, or
866:Type
761:Loss
719:Load
629:Data
588:2018
562:2015
512:2015
470:2015
436:OCLC
426:ISBN
264:RAID
262:and
225:Cost
196:worm
180:Fire
141:and
43:and
704:ELT
700:ETL
660:Big
312:or
898::
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