309:, a 12-year-old black boy who was killed by a white police officer in 2014. Rice's mother said "It's disturbing that I had to put a price on my son, that I was forced to make a decision I didn't want to make." She said she is angry and frustrated that no one has been held accountable for her son's death. The settlement meant that there would not be answers to some of the questions raised in the civil lawsuit, including whether dispatchers passed along sufficient information to the police and whether the department erred in hiring the officer who killed Rice. Some experts have questioned whether the settlement will lead to adequate reforms of the police department.
411:, Yale law professor Abbe Gluck wrote, "What began as a single opioid lawsuit in Ohio is now the only such case that matters. Every significant opioid lawsuit in the U.S. has been lumped together into a giant case before one federal judge in Cleveland who has declared his extraordinary ambition to 'solve' the crisis in 2018." Gluck asked, "Is a federal courtroom, presided over by a single judge, a better forum for making policy than 50 state legislatures or Congress?"
319:
Polster mediated settlements in 700 cases involving medical contract dye. Of mediation, Polster has said "Sometimes I feel like I am a therapist, or a rabbi or a priest. I had to train myself to lean in to the emotions. For lawyers, it is just the facts–forget the feelings and emotions." He has said
345:
known as the
National Prescription Opiate Litigation. The multidistrict litigation is a master case designed to simultaneously resolve all opioid lawsuits against drug companies and pharmacies. The defendants include makers of prescription painkillers, companies that distribute them, and pharmacies
449:
critiqued the Ohio verdict, writing "The jury verdict distorts product liability and public-nuisance law since opioids are legal products and pharmacies had no control over how they were used by customers. If the verdict stands, or the companies settle, the precedent could lead to similar nuisance
357:
reported that many lawyers on both sides "were scathing, questioning his grasp of the issues and predicting that a stepped-up timetable was bound to collapse." In
September 2019, attorneys for eight drug distributors sought to disqualify Polster from the case, saying his public comments about his
440:
On
November 23, 2021, the jury found CVS, Walgreens, and Walmart liable for creating a public nuisance by contributing to the U.S. opioid crisis. The jury only decided liability, and now Polster will decide how much the companies will have to pay in damages. The companies have announced plans to
407:, Jack Fowler said "Somewhat off America's radar screen is a legal case, of the huge-implications variety, that is not only vast and complex but also a nose-thumbing to those (naĂŻvely?) believing that social policy should be set by the people's legislative representatives, and not by judges." In
429:
The trial began in
October 2021. In the trial, lawyers for the plaintiffs claimed the pharmacies "dispensed like a vending machine" and failed to identify signs of drug misuse. A lawyer for one of the defendant companies said that others, including doctors, were instead to blame for the rise in
437:. All four defendants in the trial—Walgreens, Walmart, Giant Eagle Inc., and CVS—sought a mistrial due to the juror's misconduct. The Ohio counties' lead trial lawyer initially said it would be appropriate to declare a mistrial, but later changed his mind. Polster denied the mistrial motions.
395:
Polster has a history of encouraging parties to settle their cases outside of court. He has been clear about his preference for a settlement rather than a trial in the opioid litigation, saying at an initial hearing that "we don't need a lot of briefs and we don't need trials." Polster warned
332:
to limit the use of ballot drop boxes in the 2020 election. LaRose immediately appealed the decision. The U.S. Court of
Appeals for the 6th Circuit granted an injunction against Polster's ruling, leaving the ultimate decision to be made after election day. The appeals court ruled that "Ohio's
33:
527:
376:
In April 2020, the U.S. Court of
Appeals for the Sixth Circuit issued a sharp rebuke of Polster, writing that his pretrial ruling allowing plaintiffs to add new claims more than a year after the deadline was a "clear abuse of discretion." Judge
324:
I am the judge. I also use my courtroom in the mediation. Mediation is qualitatively different if the party is sitting in the very courtroom, the very seat, he or she will be in if the case is tried in front of the jury box. I use that!"
365:
criticized this move, saying "the public is presumed to have the right of access to proceedings in civil cases." Polster issued a gag order limiting the ability of attorneys to speak publicly about the litigation. An investigation by
358:
intention to get plaintiffs help showed evidence of bias. Attorneys cited
Polster's January 2018 remark that "My objective is to do something meaningful to abate the crisis and to do it in 2018." Polster declined to step aside.
2100:
841:
214:, a 12-year-old black boy who was killed by a white police officer in 2014. In December 2017, a federal judicial panel selected Polster to preside over more than 3,000 consolidated prescription opioid-related lawsuits in
453:
In August 2022, Polster ruled that CVS, Walgreens, and
Walmart pharmacies must pay $ 650.5 million in damages to Lake County and Trumbull County in Ohio for contributing to the opioid epidemic in those areas.
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333:
restrictions are reasonable and non-discriminatory" and that the state "offers many ways to vote." The plaintiffs dropped the case on
October 22, facing the possibility of $ 40,000 in court costs.
2110:
1172:
370:"showed that Polster has been more willing to seal documents than other judges involved in opioid litigation, raising concerns that important information about the crisis remains secret."
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wrote that in doing so, Polster "demonstrated why plaintiff lawyers love the strategy so much: Because it is extremely effective at extracting settlements from the companies they sue."
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2016:
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Three weeks into the six week trial, a juror committed grave misconduct by giving fellow jurors a printout from her home computer that cast doubt on testimony by a witness from
445:, and for an appeals court to order a retrial. Similar public nuisance arguments in other opioid lawsuits have been rejected in California and Oklahoma. The editorial board of
426:, elected to go to trial. Polster initially said he would automatically disqualify any potential jurors who were not vaccinated against COVID-19. He later reversed this order.
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In June 2019, a three-judge panel of the Sixth U.S. Circuit Court of
Appeals ruled that Polster's blocking of the release of court records in opioid cases was inappropriate.
1120:
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appeal the verdict, saying that pharmacists only dispensed prescriptions written by licensed health care providers. Some experts expect the verdict to be set aside due to
528:"Two federal judges in Cleveland will take senior status, giving President Biden seats to fill on the Northern Ohio bench; a third jurist is considering a similar move"
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In September 2020, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit reversed Polster's 2019 approval of the nation's first "negotiation class." Judge
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wrote that multidistrict litigation is "not some kind of judicial border country, where the rules are few and the law rarely makes an appearance."
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341:
In December 2017, a federal judicial panel selected Polster to preside over more than 3,000 consolidated prescription opioid-related lawsuits in
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that dispense them. Legal experts have described the opioid litigation as the largest and most complex civil lawsuit in U.S. history.
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1173:"Appeals court blasts Cleveland judge's secrecy in opioid litigation, decision to block public release of DEA painkiller data"
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wrote that "the district court simply is not authorized by the structure, framework, or language of Rule 23," referring to
1095:"Appeals court again rebukes Cleveland federal judge over opioid litigation narrowing case against large pharmacy chains"
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During the case's first hearing in January 2018, Polster told lawyers that he planned to dispense with legal norms like
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known as the National Prescription Opiate Litigation. A trial for the litigation began in October 2021.
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1504:
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914:"Opioid sellers say judge must recuse because he pushed settlement; 1 defendant files for bankruptcy"
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The multidistrict opioid litigation is thought to have wide-reaching legal implications. Writing for
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966:"Federal judge bars media from court proceeding on upcoming trial on opioid epidemic in Cleveland"
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750:"With Election Day looming, voting rights are still being decided in court. Here's what to know"
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842:"A federal judge vowed to tackle the opioid crisis. Drug companies say that's a sign of bias"
798:"Ohio's drop-box dispute shows how voting rights groups and Democrats fear Trump's influence"
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117:
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1427:"With Rogue Juror, Opioid Plaintiffs Face New Setback Most Foul | RealClearInvestigations"
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In April 2019, Polster barred the media from court proceedings in the opioid lawsuit. The
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867:"Here's why a federal judge presiding over opioid lawsuits thinks settling is important"
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1121:"6th Circuit Panel: MDL Judge's Ruling in Opioid Case Was 'Clear Abuse of Discretion'"
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1479:"3 of America's biggest pharmacy chains have been found liable for the opioid crisis"
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418:. A number of companies settled prior to trial, while other companies, including
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pharmaceutical companies that they would face bankruptcy if they did not settle.
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Judge Dan Aaron Polster at U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio
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The trial, which was originally scheduled for October 2020, was delayed due to
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Judges of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio
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criticizing federal judges called the president's legitimacy into question.
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on July 31, 1998, and received his commission on August 3, 1998. He assumed
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1583:"CVS, Walgreens and Walmart Must Pay $ 650.5 Million in Ohio Opioids Case"
1505:"Why Jury's Opioid Verdict Against Pharmacy Chains May Not Survive Appeal"
1643:
822:
1225:"Opioid judge threatens pharmacies with bankruptcy if they don't settle"
1147:"Appeals court nixes 'negotiation class' created for opioid settlement"
353:
and ordered lawyers to immediately prepare for settlement discussions.
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647:"Will a $ 6 Million Tamir Rice Settlement Help Reform Cleveland Cops?"
1303:"Opioid MDL judge reverses order requiring COVID vaccines for jurors"
1017:"Judge's unorthodox approach has huge opioid settlement within reach"
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573:"Cleveland to pay $ 6 million to settle police killing of black boy"
1623:
1531:"The Core Legal Strategy Against Opioid Companies May Be Faltering"
1453:"Biden Took Action to Lower Oil Prices. Why It May Do the Opposite"
887:"Drug company attorneys seek to disqualify Judge Dan Aaron Polster"
503:
294:
Polster helped to mediate a lawsuit over limits on protests at the
1375:"Pharmacy chains failed to prevent opioid misuse, U.S. jury hears"
673:"Cleveland federal judge comments on Trump's attacks on judiciary"
484:"FJA Officers and Board of Directors – Federal Judges Association"
419:
367:
32:
621:"Cleveland to pay $ 6M to Tamir Rice's family to settle lawsuit"
1669:
United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio
1198:"Pharmacies Face Peril Without Opioid Settlements, Judge Says"
827:
United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio
769:"Judge again blocks restrictions on ballot drop boxes in Ohio"
272:
United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio
204:
United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio
83:
United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio
52:
United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio
2111:
United States district court judges appointed by Bill Clinton
1067:
Lesser, Benjamin; Levine, Dan; Girion, Lisa; Dowdell, Jaimi.
1042:"US Appeals Court Says Judge Went Too Far on Drug Data Order"
1349:"Rite Aid settles bellwether opioid case with Ohio counties"
1251:"Is Settling the Opioid Crisis the Job of a Maverick Judge?"
598:"Tamir Rice's mother remains frustrated 2 years after death"
991:"Judge issues gag order in opioid lawsuit settlement talks"
1401:"When juror misconduct doesn't matter: opioid MDL edition"
554:"Judge reports settlement in GOP convention protest suit"
840:
Achenbach, Joel; Bernstein, Lenny (September 15, 2019).
328:
Polster rejected arguments from Ohio Secretary of State
940:"Judge in landmark opioid trial declines to step aside"
1066:
312:
In February 2017, Polster said that comments made by
266:
On July 31, 1997, Polster was nominated by President
1322:"Trial against pharmacy chains' opioid sales begins"
320:"I can do things, as a judge, that no one else can,
258:
in the Northern District of Ohio from 1982 to 1998.
206:. Polster mediated a settlement between the city of
1554:
823:"MDL 2804: National Prescription Opiate Litigation"
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301:Polster mediated a settlement between the city of
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2057:
1069:"How judges added to the grim toll of opioids"
1703:
1015:Hals, Tom; Raymond, Nate (October 18, 2019).
717:
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363:Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press
1014:
261:
1710:
1696:
1557:"Opinion | The Great Ohio Opioid Stick-Up"
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95:August 3, 1998 – January 31, 2021
31:
1555:The Editorial Board (November 23, 2021).
1319:
937:
884:
712:
701:"Can This Judge Solve the Opioid Crisis?"
1629:Biographical Directory of Federal Judges
1144:
1118:
912:Journal, A. B. A. (September 16, 2019).
551:
525:
509:Biographical Directory of Federal Judges
450:suits across much of the U.S. economy."
246:in 1976. He was a trial attorney in the
1580:
1528:
1398:
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1300:
1145:Bronstad, Amanda (September 29, 2020).
1005:
938:Bernstein, Lenny (September 26, 2019).
911:
791:
789:
392:, which governs class action lawsuits.
221:
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1502:
1424:
1372:
1277:"Can a Judge Solve the Opioid Crisis?"
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1170:
1092:
963:
885:Gillespie, Mark (September 14, 2019).
695:
693:
670:
644:
618:
570:
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1274:
767:Carr Smyth, Julie (October 8, 2020).
723:"An Interview With Judge Dan Polster"
600:. Associated Press. November 20, 2016
1476:
1399:Frankel, Alison (October 26, 2021).
1347:Pierson, Brendan (August 26, 2021).
993:. Associated Press. February 6, 2018
786:
747:
1320:Gillispie, Mark (October 4, 2021).
1119:Bronstad, Amanda (April 15, 2020).
795:
690:
645:Graham, David A. (April 25, 2016).
526:Caniglia, John (January 29, 2021).
296:2016 Republican National Convention
252:United States Department of Justice
13:
1529:Hoffman, Jan (November 11, 2021).
1425:Felten, Eric (November 18, 2021).
390:Federal Rule 23 of Civil Procedure
14:
2122:
2086:Assistant United States Attorneys
1612:
1503:Feeley, Jef (November 30, 2021).
1477:Mann, Brian (November 23, 2021).
1373:Segall, Grant (October 5, 2021).
1223:Fisher, Daniel (March 23, 2021).
671:Heisig, Eric (February 9, 2017).
2106:People from Shaker Heights, Ohio
1581:Hoffman, Jan (August 17, 2022).
1451:Moyer, Liz (November 24, 2021).
552:Gerstein, Josh (June 24, 2016).
256:assistant United States attorney
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964:Heisig, Eric (April 23, 2019).
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748:Timm, Jane (October 17, 2020).
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619:Heisig, Eric (April 25, 2016).
464:List of Jewish American jurists
337:Multidistrict opioid litigation
1720:Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals
1718:Senior district judges of the
1275:Gluck, Abbe R. (May 7, 2018).
1249:Fowler, Jack (June 24, 2021).
1171:Heisig, Eric (June 20, 2019).
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571:Palmer, Kim (April 26, 2016).
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290:Notable rulings and commentary
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278:Polster was confirmed by the
195:(born December 6, 1951) is a
2081:21st-century American judges
2076:20th-century American judges
200:United States district judge
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254:from 1976 to 1982, and an
18:American judge (born 1951)
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1634:Federal Judicial Center
1632:, a publication of the
514:Federal Judicial Center
512:, a publication of the
447:The Wall Street Journal
409:The Wall Street Journal
2091:Harvard College alumni
1660:David Dudley Dowd Jr.
891:Cleveland Jewish News
286:on January 31, 2021.
276:David Dudley Dowd Jr.
238:in 1972 and earned a
230:, Polster received a
118:David Dudley Dowd Jr.
37:Judge Polster c. 2000
727:Family Mediation LLP
280:United States Senate
222:Education and career
1561:Wall Street Journal
1281:Wall Street Journal
875:, January 19, 2018.
1680:Bridget M. Brennan
1587:The New York Times
1535:The New York Times
1328:. Associated Press
893:. Associated Press
796:Kranish, Michael.
706:The New York Times
355:The New York Times
305:and the family of
244:Harvard Law School
210:and the family of
172:Harvard University
130:Bridget M. Brennan
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1677:Succeeded by
1509:Insurance Journal
1326:The Seattle Times
379:Raymond Kethledge
270:to a seat on the
193:Dan Aaron Polster
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232:Bachelor of Arts
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163:, Ohio, U.S.
125:Succeeded by
106:Bill Clinton
101:Appointed by
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48:Senior Judge
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2066:1951 births
1832:W. Michigan
1774:E. Michigan
1751:W. Kentucky
1728:E. Kentucky
1644:Ballotpedia
1640:Dan Polster
1624:Dan Polster
1566:December 1,
1540:December 1,
1514:December 1,
1488:December 1,
1462:December 1,
1436:December 1,
1410:November 2,
1332:October 25,
1182:October 25,
1151:BenefitsPRO
1104:October 25,
1026:October 25,
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918:ABA Journal
807:October 25,
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682:October 25,
656:October 25,
630:October 25,
604:October 25,
582:October 25,
504:Dan Polster
274:vacated by
113:Preceded by
2060:Categories
1736:Bertelsman
1674:1998–2021
1600:August 17,
489:August 17,
470:References
307:Tamir Rice
212:Tamir Rice
151:1951-12-06
1595:0362-4331
677:cleveland
435:Walgreens
424:Walgreens
351:discovery
303:Cleveland
248:Antitrust
228:Cleveland
208:Cleveland
168:Education
161:Cleveland
91:In office
61:Incumbent
1984:Phillips
1936:Beckwith
1873:Economus
1782:Friedman
1764:McKinley
1078:June 25,
1052:June 25,
754:NBC News
558:POLITICO
458:See also
416:COVID-19
226:Born in
2045:Fowlkes
2030:McCalla
1979:Collier
1951:Barrett
1913:S. Ohio
1903:Zouhary
1893:Polster
1883:Gaughan
1855:N. Ohio
1807:O'Meara
1792:Edmunds
1787:Cleland
1759:Simpson
1626:at the
1483:NPR.org
1405:Reuters
1379:Reuters
1353:Reuters
1307:Reuters
1125:Law.com
1073:Reuters
1021:Reuters
773:AP NEWS
577:Reuters
506:at the
420:Walmart
368:Reuters
322:because
202:of the
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1931:Graham
1878:Nugent
1868:Oliver
1817:Lawson
1802:Borman
1593:
197:senior
2040:Breen
1989:Greer
1974:Edgar
1956:Black
1941:Dlott
1926:Weber
1898:Boyko
1840:Quist
1822:Drain
1812:Steeh
242:from
234:from
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2025:Todd
2007:None
1946:Rose
1921:Rice
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1845:Neff
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1741:Hood
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