4164:
developers and industry partners, follows
Caldera's commitment to embrace and fund an open software environment. Caldera also announced plans for internal development and marketing of DOS, including a new product called Caldera OpenDOS. Caldera plans to openly distribute the source code for all of the DOS technologies it acquired from Novell including CP/M, DR DOS, PalmDOS, Multi-User DOS and Novell DOS 7. Pending an evaluation and organization of the technologies, the source code will be made available from Caldera's web site during Q1 1997 Individuals can use OpenDOS source for personal use at no cost. Individuals and organizations desiring to commercially redistribute Caldera OpenDOS must acquire a license with an associated small fee. Source code for proprietary third-party components of Novell DOS 7 will not be published.
1399:
would, in an hierarchical model, also support load paths in order to distinguish between multiple executables of the same file name, and it introduced an extended mode, in which SETVER could not only fake DOS versions, but also BDOS kernel versions. Sub-versions of 128 to 255 would be reported as DOS sub-versions 0 to 127 to applications, but with the BDOS version check disabled, while sub-versions 100 to 127 could be used to fake different BDOS versions, whereas the DOS revision number (typically set to 0 in a static, pre-boot patchable data structure) would be taken as the reported sub-version instead, so that SETVER /G /X 6.114 would allow versions of DR-DOS since 7.02 to still report themselves as a "DOS 6.0" and with a faked BDOS version 7.2 (114 decimal = 72 hexadecimal), thereby masquerading as Novell DOS 7 / OpenDOS 7.01.
640:). This allowed it, on 286 systems with supported chipsets and on 386 systems, to provide significantly more free conventional memory than any other DOS. Once drivers for a mouse, multimedia hardware and a network stack were loaded, an MS-DOS/PC DOS machine typically might only have had 300 to 400 KB of free conventional memory â too little to run much late-1980s software. In contrast to this, DR DOS 5.0, with a little manual tweaking, could load all this and still keep all of its conventional memory free â allowing for some necessary DOS data structures, as much as 620 KB out of the 640 KB. With MEMMAX +V, the conventional memory region could even be extended into unused portions of the graphics adapter card typically providing another 64 to 96 KB more free DOS memory.
1475:. While still reporting a BDOS 7.3 internally, these were the first versions to report themselves as "PC DOS 7.10" to applications in order to indicate integrated FAT32 support. Designed to be mostly backwards-compatible, the DR-DOS 7.04/7.05 IBMBIO.COM could be combined with the DR-DOS 7.03 IBMDOS.COM in order to give the desktop-approved DR-DOS 7.03 kernel LBA capabilities and work with drives larger than 8 GB. For specific OEM requirements, DR-DOS 7.06 (as of 14 December 1999) by Wightman combined the kernel files into a single binary executable, so that, similar to
716:. It was a simple matter for Digital Research to patch DR DOS 6.0 to circumvent the AARD code 'authenticity check' in the Windows 3.1 beta by rearranging the order of two internal tables in memory (with no changes in functionality), and the patched version, named "business update", was on the streets within six weeks of the release of Windows 3.1. With the detection code disabled, Windows ran perfectly under DR DOS and its successor Novell DOS. The code was present but disabled in the released version of Windows 3.1.
39:
662:
819:
1407:
Workgroups 3.11 had not been affected by this. A maintenance fix was devised to patch a single byte in IBMBIO.COM in order to switch the behaviour and optionally re-invoke the old chunking. This freed some 150 bytes of conventional memory and enabled full compatibility with DOS-UP, but at the same time broke compatibility with older versions of
Windows 3.xx when using the HIFILES feature, and vice versa. The patch named IBMBIO85.SCR continued to work with newer versions of DR-DOS.
6245:
4322:
interest in this antitrust case, and so it can't sue
Microsoft for the claims it has lodged against it, because, Microsoft says, Novell sold its antitrust claims to Caldera when it sold it DrDOS. So the exhibits are trying to demonstrate that Novell got paid in full, so to speak, via that earlier litigation. As a result, we get to read a number of documents from the Novell v. Canopy litigation. Novell responds it retained its antitrust claims in the applications market.
576:
1090:, Gross was hired and tasked to set up a new subsidiary in the UK. On 10 September 1996, Caldera announced the coming release of OpenDOS (COD) and their intent to also release the source code to the system, and Caldera UK Ltd. was incorporated on 20 September 1996. Gross hired some of the original developers of the operating system from the Novell EDC as well as some new talents to continue work on the operating system in a converted barn at the periphery of
7036:
6474:
7047:
670:
1391:, which could partition and format FAT32 volumes (but not yet work with LBA). The sources of the Novell patches for the external tools and drivers had meanwhile been found in Germany and could thus be retro-fitted into the system as well, so that DR-DOS 7.02 finally not only caught up with Novell DOS 7, but was a true step forward. The release was followed by various updates in June, August and September 1998.
4278:, heading off a trial that was likely to air nasty allegations from a decade ago. Microsoft and Caldera, a small Salt Lake City software company that brought the suit in 1996, didn't disclose terms of the settlement. Microsoft, though, said it would take a charge of three cents a share for the agreement in the fiscal third quarter ending March 31 the company has roughly 5.5 billion shares outstanding
5250:'s DOS-UP feature does not expect this This results in ca. 1 Kb less conventional memory than the theoretical possible maximum under QEMM I once wrote a patch (a DEBUG script named IBMBIO85.SCR ) which will reenable the old handle memory layout. This will free even more conventional memory under DR-DOS, but causes serious compatibility problems with Windows 3.xx when the
1020:
applications. If TASKMGR was run later on, it would use this API to instance the current 16-bit DOS system environment, create virtual DOS machines and run applications in them instead of using its own Real Mode task-switcher support. The multitasker was compatible with
Windows, so that tasks started before launching Windows could be seen as tasks under Windows as well.
1214:
Version 7.02 (now reporting itself as BDOS 7.3) incorporated improved BIOS and BDOS issues, developed by Paul, adding many new boot and configuration options, integrating many compatibility enhancements, bug-fixes and optimizations for size and speed, and re-implementing all fixes of the missing Novell DOS updates. The BIOS improved the coexistence of DR-DOS with
1070:. Microsoft lawyers tried repeatedly to have the case dismissed but without success. Immediately after the completion of the pre-trial deposition stage (where the parties list the evidence they intend to present), there was an out-of-court settlement on 7 January 2000 for an undisclosed sum. This was revealed in November 2009 to be $ 280 million.
5522:
the company to match our longer-term revenue stream, which will be Linux-based as the market has requested us to do We will keep selling both technologies during the transition. we spoke to our OEM companiesânot just in the U.S., but around Europe and Asiaâthey were interested in our DOS solution and they would like to switch to Linux
1594:
become external commands with DR DOS 6.0. ECHOERR and PAUSEERR existed as internal commands in DR DOS 6.0 (and in
Multiuser DOS), but were not normally enabled. MORE remained an internal command up to including PalmDOS, but was changed to an external command with Novell DOS 7. DBG was removed with Novell DOS 7, LOADHIGH, LH and
973:) in the press and with free demo floppies in computer magazines. The campaign aimed at 20% of the DOS market and resulted in about 1.5 million copies sold until February 1994 and more than 3000 dealers interested to carry the product. Novell DOS 7 was available through various OEMs, a dedicated mail order shop and authorized dealers.
469:, who had previously been instrumental in opening the Japanese OEM market for Microsoft. The first DR DOS version was released on 28 May 1988. Version numbers were chosen to reflect features relative to MS-DOS; the first version promoted to the public was DR DOS 3.31, which offered features comparable to
1585:(GPL) by not crediting the FreeDOS utilities to their authors and including the source code. After complaints from FreeDOS developers (including the suggestion to provide the source code, and hence comply with the GPL), DR DOS, Inc. instead withdrew version 8.1, and also the unaffected 8.0, from its website.
1358:, which helped to avoid memory fragmentation and thereby typically gave between 5 and 8 KB more continuous HMA memory for HMA-capable third-party drivers to work with in conjunction with third-party command line shells, which could not load into the HMA as COMMAND.COM with its /MH option. At a reduced
1015:(VDM), a component originally named MultiMAX. This was similar to Multiuser DOS, but now on the basis of a natively DOS compatible environment, similar to Windows 386 Enhanced Mode, but without a GUI. By default, the bundled TASKMGR would behave similar to the former DR DOS 6.0 TASKMAX. However, if
4715:
line of invocation, etc.) and stores this information in a complicated growing data structure. Presumably meant to be used by the
Windows core to get a better picture of the loaded Real Mode drivers or even attempt to unhook or unload some of them, it is only used to a very limited extent ( some
1454:
Among the latest and independently developed versions of DR-DOS were OEM DR-DOS 7.04 (as of 19 August 1999) and 7.05 (as of 30 November 1999), still branded as "Caldera DR-DOS". These were variants of the system consisting only of the kernel and command shell. With a specialized native implementation
1398:
already allowed Novell DOS to disguise itself as DOS versions by file name and globally and, specifying a magic sub-version of 255, it would even disable its own internal BDOS version check in order to cope with programs specifically probing for "DR-DOS". The modified kernel and SETVER driver by Paul
1425:
Another version, DR-DOS 7.03 (still with BDOS 7.3 and reporting itself to applications as "PC DOS 6.0" for compatibility purposes), was pre-released at
Christmas 1998 and then officially released on 6 January 1999 by Caldera UK. It came with significantly improved memory managers (in particular
1213:
After beta releases in
September and November 1997, the next official release came in December 1997, with the name changed to Caldera DR-OpenDOS 7.02, soon followed by a further release in March 1998, when the DR-DOS name returned as Caldera DR-DOS 7.02, now for the first time written with a hyphen.
1141:
support (DRFAT32) by
Matthias R. Paul. Gross also hired Andrew Schulman (who had been, with Geoff Chappell, instrumental in identifying the AARD code in 1992) to work as a consultant and, in Andover, assist Paul in his work on "WinGlue", a secret project to create a version of DR-DOS compatible with
999:
Since Novell DOS 7 implemented the DOSMGR API and internal data structures had been updated, its BDOS 7.2 kernel could report with a DOS version of 6.0 and OEM ID "IBM" without risking compatibility problems with
Windows. Most tools would report this as "PC DOS 6.1", because IBM PC DOS 6.1
959:
When DR DOS eventually arrived in December 1993 (with localized versions released in March 1994), renamed Novell DOS 7 (a.k.a. "NWDOS"), and without these three components, it was a disappointment to some. It was larger and lacked some finishing touches, but was nevertheless seen as best DOS by
516:
directive) as well as support for file and directory passwords built right into the kernel. It was also cheaper to license than MS-DOS, and was ROMable right from the start. The ROMed version of DR DOS was also named ROS (ROM Operating System). DRI was approached by a number of PC manufacturers
5521:
company. We are not killing our DOS product immediately; the market is not killing our DOS product. There is still a high demand for embedded DOS, and we will continue to sell and market it. However, there has been an increasing demand for embedded Linux. So we are shifting our focus and renaming
1514:
and boot sector, so that the code would continue to load any version of DR-DOS down to 3.31 (and since DR-DOS 7.04 also with FAT32 support), but could also be used to launch the PC DOS or MS-DOS system files, including those of Windows 9x and PC DOS 7.10. At the same time the kernel could
760:
down to 66 characters (as in MS-DOS/PC DOS), whereas previous issues of DR DOS had no such limitation due to their internal organization of directories as relative links to parent directories instead of as absolute paths. PalmDOS still reported itself as "PC DOS 3.31" to applications
747:
PalmDOS was the first operating system in the family to support the new BDOS 7.0 kernel with native DOS compatible internal data structures instead of emulations thereof. Replacing the DOS emulation on top of a CP/M kernel by a true DOS compatible kernel helped a lot in improving compatibility with
5262:
AUTO directives are used because it will leave only 5 handles in low memory in contrast to the 8 handles that are required for Windows to work properly due to an extremely dangerous hack on Microsoft's side to determine the size of the SFT structures (this is known as "CON CON CON CON CON" hack,
1593:
APPEND, ASSIGN, BATCH, DBG, DELQ, ERA, ERAQ, MORE and SUBST have been among the internal commands supported since DR DOS 3.31. DR DOS 5.0 removed BATCH and added HILOAD. GOSUB, IDLE, RETURN and SWITCH were added as internal commands with DR DOS 6.0. ASSIGN and SUBST were changed to
1406:
of five handle structures in conventional memory under DR-DOS (as with previous versions up to 7.01), whereas version 7.02 by design left eight handles in low memory when loading high files in order to maintain full compatibility with older versions of Windows 3.xx. Compatibility with Windows for
890:
claimed to have had inspired Novell in February 1991 to buy Digital Research and develop something he envisioned as "NovOS". Novell had actually bought Digital Research in July 1991 with a view to using DR's product line as a lever in their comprehensive strategy to break the Microsoft monopoly.
563:
power management system, bundled disk-caching software (DRCACHE), a remote file transfer tool (FILELINK), a cursor shape configuration utility (CURSOR), and offered a vastly improved memory management system (MemoryMAX). For compatibility purposes, the DR DOS 5.0 system files were now named
527:
Known versions are DR DOS 3.31 (BDOS 6.0, June 1988, OEM only), 3.32 (BDOS 6.0, 17 August 1988, OEM only), 3.33 (BDOS 6.0, 1 September 1988, OEM only), 3.34 (BDOS 6.0, OEM only), 3.35 (BDOS 6.0, 21 October 1988, OEM only), 3.40 (BDOS 6.0, 25 January 1989), 3.41 (BDOS 6.3, June 1989, OEM and
4163:
Caldera will openly distribute the source code for DOS via the Internet as part of the company's plans to encourage continued development of DOS technologies and applications, further leveling the playing field for software developers worldwide. This effort, targeted to benefit both individual
1166:
and file names. It was missing a year's worth of patches which had been developed for the Novell DOS updates 11 (January 1995) to 15.2 (January 1996). This was due to parts of the Novell DOS sources having been lost at Novell meanwhile. Consequently, this version still reported an internal BDOS
1019:
was loaded with the option /MULTI, EMM386 would load a natively 32-bit 386 Protected Mode operating system core providing API support for pre-emptive multitasking, multi-threading, hardware virtualization and domain management of virtual DOS machines. This API could be used by DR DOS-aware
689:
DR DOS 6.0 also included a task-switcher named TASKMAX with support for the industry-standard task-switching API to run multiple applications at the same time. In contrast to Digital Research's Multiuser DOS (successor of Concurrent DOS in the multi-user products line), which would run DOS
677:
Faced with substantial competition in the DOS arena, Microsoft responded with an announcement of a yet-to-be released MS-DOS 5.0 in May 1990. This would be released in June 1991 and include similar advanced features to those of DR DOS. It included matches of the DR's enhancements in memory
4321:
then paid Novell from that $ 280 million: $ 35.5 million at first, and then after Novell successfully sued Canopy in 2004, Caldera's successor-in-interest on this matter, an additional $ 17.7 million, according to page 16 of the Memorandum. Microsoft claims that Novell is not the real party in
418:, which ran applications for both platforms, and allowed switching between several tasks as did the original CP/M-86. Its DOS compatibility was limited, and Digital Research made another attempt, this time a native DOS system. This new disk operating system was launched in 1988 as DR DOS.
1366:
4.xx sub-system by Paul to allow multiple, distributed and possibly user-configured COUNTRY.SYS files to be used by the system at the same time in a hierarchical model. This also gave dynamic parser support for MS-DOS/PC DOS COUNTRY.SYS file formats in addition to DR-DOS' own COUNTRY.SYS
735:
In 1992 Digital Research, still under its old name but already bought by Novell in July 1991, also embarked on a spin-off product code-named "Merlin" and later released as NetWare PalmDOS 1, which, as its name implies, was a very resource-light DR DOS 6.0 derivative aimed at the emerging
681:
Almost immediately in September 1991, Digital Research responded with DR DOS 6.0, code-named "Buxton". DR DOS 6.0, while already at BDOS level 6.7 internally, would still report itself as "IBM PC DOS 3.31" to normal DOS applications for compatibility purposes. This bundled in
3388:
Windows 3.1 update, April 1992"; 1992-03, 1992-04-07: "This public DR DOS 6.0 update only includes patches addressing full Windows 3.1 compatibility. There should have been a full "business update" for registered users, shipping a little bit later."), #27 (BDOS 1072h "Novell DOS 7
1531:
L.L.C. They have continued to sell DR-DOS for use in embedded systems. DR-DOS 8.0 was released on 30 March 2004 featuring FAT32 and large disk support, the ability to boot from ROM or Flash, multitasking and a DPMI memory manager. This version was based on the kernel from version 7.03.
3389:
Panther/Smirnoff BETA 3", 1993-09: "This issue does not have workarounds for Windows 3.1 AARD code."), #29 (BDOS 1072h "Novell DOS 7 German release"; 1994-02-22: "This issue is known to have workarounds for Windows 3.1 AARD code. This should also apply to the earlier English issue.")
690:
applications in pre-emptively multitasked virtual DOS machines, the DR DOS 6.0 task switcher would freeze background applications until brought back into the foreground. While it ran on x86-machines, it was able to swap to XMS memory on 286+ machines. TASKMAX did support some
542:
DR DOS version 5.0 (code-named "Leopard") was released in May 1990, still reporting itself as "PC DOS 3.31" for compatibility purposes, but internally indicating a single-user BDOS 6.4 kernel. (Version 4 was skipped to avoid being associated with the relatively unpopular
643:
Because DR DOS left so much conventional memory available, some old programs using certain address wrapping techniques failed to run properly as they were now loaded unexpectedly (or, under MS-DOS, "impossibly") low in memory â inside the first 64 KB segment (known as
4188:"In the United States District Court - District of Utah, Central Division - Caldera, Inc. vs. Microsoft Corporation - Case No. 2:96CV 0645B - Caldera, Inc.'s Memorandum in opposition to defendant's motion for partial Summary Judgment on plaintiff's "Technological Tying" claim"
3113:
support, task swapping, and Undelete. Considerable amounts of the team's management attention was diverted to new features such as file transfer software, undelete and network installation Eventually this situation reached a crisis point at the end of July 1990, and, led by
1073:
In August 1996, the US-based Caldera, Inc. was approached by Roger A. Gross, one of the original DR-DOS engineers, with a proposal to restart DR-DOS development and to make Windows 95 run on DR-DOS which would help the court case. Following a meeting in September 1996 in
903:
as well.) The planned "DR DOS 7.0", internally named "Panther", intended to trump Microsoft's troubled MS-DOS 6.0, was repeatedly delayed, while Novell was working on an optionally loadable Unix-like multi-user security extension (with, if loaded, file commands like
4607:," which, it says, will allow users to install the Windows 95 interface atop DR-DOS. The demo will show, Caldera says, that there is no significant technological advancement, or justified business efficiency, to the combination of MS-DOS with Windows in Windows 95.
5263:
because Windows opens CON five times and scans the first 512 Kb of memory for the "CON" string to measure the displacement something that could be easily fooled by just placing some "CON" strings in the memory image with incorrect offsets from each other
3339:"In the United States District Court - District of Utah, Central Division - Caldera, Inc. vs. Microsoft Corporation - Consolidated statement of facts in support of its responses to motions for summary judgement by Microsoft Corporation - Case No. 2:96CV 0645B"
1446:
and was said to be ported to Linux. Lineo re-released DR-DOS 7.03 in June and September 1999, still branded as "Caldera DR-DOS" and without any changes, but otherwise focussed on Linux for embedded systems, based on a stripped-down version of OpenLinux named
372:
40 while CP/M-86 had a $ 240 price tag. The proportion of PC buyers prepared to spend six times as much to buy CP/M-86 was very small, and the limited availability of compatible application software, at first in Digital Research's favor, was only temporary.
2342:). It became Novell's Digital Research Systems Group between 1991 and 1992 and was later merged into Novell's Desktop Systems Group (DSG). The facility was closed between 1994 and 1996. Caldera's new Digital Research Systems Group opened Caldera UK Ltd. in
1161:
Caldera UK officially released Caldera OpenDOS 7.01 on 3 February 1997, but this version was just Novell DOS 7 update 10 (as of December 1994) compiled only with the necessary adaptations to incorporate the new name in display messages as well as in
4316:
to settle the DrDOS litigation back in 2000: $ 280 million. We even get to read the settlement agreement. It's attached as an exhibit. The settlement terms were sealed for all these years, but now that mystery is solved. We also find out what
4186:; Susman, Harry P.; Southwick, James T.; Folse III, Parker C.; Borchers, Timothy K.; Palumbo, Ralph H.; Harris, Matthew R.; Engel, Lynn M.; McCune, Philip S.; Locker, Lawrence C.; Wheeler, Max D.; Hill, Stephen J.; Tibbitts, Ryan E. (May 1999).
2389:
652:
of memory at the start of the memory map in order for programs to load above this barrier (but with less usable conventional memory then). By default, MEMMAX was configured for +L, so that applications could take advantage of the extra memory.
1515:
not only be booted by the new sectors, but also by any previously DR-DOS formatted disks, as well as off disks with existing PC DOS or MS-DOS boot sectors and a variety of other boot-loaders, thereby easing the coexistence and setup of
2221:
1094:, Hampshire, UK, nearby the former Digital Research and Novell EDC. Besides other improvements and enhancements all over the system, a string of new key features were added subsequently over the course of the next two years, including a
528:
retail). Like MS-DOS, most of them were produced in several variants for different hardware. While most OEMs kept the DR DOS name designation, 2001 Sales, Inc. marketed it under the name EZ-DOS 3.41 (also known as EZ-DOS 4.1).
833:
Corporation's name for DR DOS during the period when Novell sold DR DOS, after the acquisition of Digital Research in 1991. Regarding features and performance, it was typically at least one release ahead of MS-DOS. In 1993,
2349:
1430:
in the boot sector of volumes formatted under DR-DOS could also cause problems under other operating systems (which can be circumvented by NOVOLTRK). DR-DOS 7.03 would become the last version of DR-DOS also tailored for desktop use.
4602:
graphic interface with no business justification other than to keep competing underlying operating systemsâlike Caldera's DR-DOSâoff the market. To prove its point, Caldera will soon release a piece of demonstration software called
748:
some applications using some of DOS' internal data structures and also was the key in reducing the resident size of the kernel code even furtherâa particular requirement for the PDA market. On the other hand, introducing a genuine
4409:, by wire transfer in accordance with written instructions provided by Caldera, the amount of two hundred eighty million dollars ($ 280,000,000), as full settlement of all claims or potential claims covered by this agreement
4716:
of the info reflected in the log files created on startup, and some parts of the configuration manager also make use of it), leaving room beyond the technical side because nothing of the interesting stuff is documented
4361:
to settle the case, and $ 35.5 million of the settlement proceeds were provided by Caldera to Novell as a so-called "royalty." Dissatisfied with that amount, Novell filed suit in June 2000 against Caldera (succeeded by
2305:
2265:
1438:. Development was then moved into the US (which never worked out due to a total lack of expertise in this field at Caldera US), and the DR-DOS line fell to its branch company, Caldera Thin Clients, which was renamed
384:, and eventually decided that they could not beat the Microsoft-IBM lead in application software availability, so they modified Concurrent CP/M-86 to allow it to run the same applications as MS-DOS and PC DOS.
5508:
We have very deep experience with embedding DR DOS, and we've been making millions from that. So we are in a unique position: we are not a startup and we have funding. Our DOS product paid for all our
1034:
Novell DOS 7 and Personal NetWare required several bug-fix releases (D70xyy with x=language, yy=number) and were not completely stable when the next development occurred. With beta versions of Microsoft's
5545:
4312:
exhibits attached to Microsoft's Memorandum of Law in support of Microsoft's cross motion for summary judgment in the Novell v. Microsoft antitrust litigation. We finally find out what Microsoft paid
2509:
1346:
options to relocate file handles and FCB structures into UMBs, which typically gave between 1 and 4 KB (and up to 15 KB) more free conventional memory compared to previous versions, or the
4366:), alleging that Novell was entitled to even more. Novell ultimately prevailed, adding $ 17.7 million to its share of the monies paid by Microsoft to Caldera, for a total of more than $ 53 million
3566:
2593:
is rapidly gaining momentum and support from a wide range of microcomputer manufacturers," Wandryk said. "Some 60 hardware companies have licensed the product since it was released in early March.
1394:
The updated internal BDOS version number introduced a new problem: some legacy third-party applications with special support for Novell DOS, which were no longer being updated, stopped working.
4812:
3904:
3819:
520:
At this time, MS-DOS was only available to OEMs bundled with hardware. Consequently, DR DOS achieved some immediate success when it became possible for consumers to buy it through normal
5739:
5759:
2965:
2642:
364:
2.2). Digital Research threatened legal action, claiming PC DOS/MS-DOS to be too similar to CP/M. In early 1982, IBM settled by agreeing to sell Digital Research's x86 version of CP/M,
7122:
1039:" (what would later become Windows 95) in sight, Novell wound down further development on Novell DOS 7 in September 1994 and stopped maintenance in January 1996 after more than 15 updates.
4336:"Microsoft's memorandum in opposition to Novell's renewed motion for summary judgement on Microsoft's affirmative defenses and in support of Microsoft's cross-motion for summary judgement"
3337:; Southwick, James T.; Susman, Harry P.; Folse III, Parker C.; Palumbo, Ralph H.; Harris, Matthew R.; McCune, Philip S.; Engel, Lynn M.; Hill, Stephen J.; Tibbitts, Ryan E. (April 1999).
3264:
3645:(NB. NWDOSTIP.TXT is a comprehensive work on Novell DOS 7 and OpenDOS 7.01, including the description of many undocumented features and internals. It is part of the author's yet larger
2748:"Tweaking more performance from an operating system - Hashing, caching, and memory blocking are just a few of the techniques used to punch up performance in the latest version of CP/M"
1553:, set up in July 2002 in an attempt to bring the functionality of DR-DOS up to parity with modern PC non-Windows operating systems. The project's added native support for large disks (
1434:
Caldera, Inc. wanted to relocate the DR-DOS business into the US and closed the highly successful UK operation in February 1999 after Gross resigned and set up iCentrix to develop the
1535:
The company later released DR-DOS 8.1 (with better FAT32 support) in autumn 2005. This version was instead based on OpenDOS 7.01.xx. DR-DOS 8.1 was withdrawn for GPL violations (see
1375:. Some DR-DOS files such as IBMBIO.COM, IBMDOS.COM and COUNTRY.SYS carried misleading file extensions for compatibility reasons; with DR-DOS 7.02 they were enhanced to incorporate a
5390:
572:(for the BDOS kernel) and due to the advanced loader in the boot sector could be physically stored anywhere on disk. The OEM label in the boot sectors was changed to "IBMâ â 3.3".
322:
family of processors. Although CP/M had dominated the market since the mid-1970s, and was shipped with the vast majority of non-proprietary-architecture personal computers, the
3231:
1402:
While otherwise beneficial, the new HIFILES triggered a compatibility problem in the DOS-UP feature of the third-party memory manager QEMM 8, which was hard-wired to expect a
461:, Digital Research started a plan to develop a new DOS operating system addressing the defects left by MS-DOS in 1987. Of particular importance was a million dollar deal with
399:, it was not specifically tailored for the desktop market and too expensive for single-user applications. Therefore, over time two attempts were made to sideline the product:
1266:
files and came with enhancements to the BASIC-like CONFIG.SYS language for more powerful boot menus, convenient user interaction and programmatical acting upon conditions (
5234:
2926:
5080:
3942:
3718:
4078:
2990:
1154:
in March 1998, and later, in a small team, developed into "WinBolt", both versions of DR-DOS, which remained unreleased as of 2023, but played an important role in the
944:
supporting an otherwise disabled /U:name command line option to select specific users or groups, compatible with Multiuser DOS) and two new graphical user interfaces (
4041:
4468:
5535:
4741:
559:
file management shell. ViewMAX's startup screen would present the slogan "Digital Research - We make computers work". DR DOS 5.0 also introduced the patented
1054:
Between the Caldera-owned DR-DOS and competition from IBM's PC DOS 6.3, Microsoft moved to make it impossible to use or buy the subsequent Windows version,
4113:
1868:
792:
5424:
3191:
1827:
3319:
2578:
2538:
590:
433:, Berkshire in the UK, where Digital Research Europe had its OEM Support Group located since 1983. Beginning in 1986, most of the operating system work on
5215:(NB. The file states these changes were introduced with DR-DOS 7.03, however, many of them became actually available with updated 7.02 revisions already.)
4935:
3793:
3317:
2550:
629:
machines, DR DOS's EMS memory manager allowed the operating system to load DOS device drivers into upper memory blocks, further freeing base memory.
3552:
5055:
5007:
4971:
4389:(Faxed court document). Case 1:05-cv-01087-JFM, Document 104-8, Filed 2009-11-13; NOV00107061-NOV00107071; LT2288-LT2298; Lan12S311263739.1; Exhibit A.
5942:
4341:(Court document). United States District Court, District of Maryland. p. 16. Novell, Inc. v. Microsoft Corporation, Civil Action No. JFM-05-1087.
3875:
5747:
5583:
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4514:
3747:
996:. A considerable amount of manual configuration was needed to get both to co-exist on the same PC, and Personal NetWare never achieved much success.
2630:
2262:, Berkshire, UK, in 1986, this facility became Digital Research's newly created European Development Centre (EDC), originally at Station Road (
1598:
were added as internal commands. APPEND was still an internal command in DR DOS 6.0, but was changed to an external command with Novell DOS 7.
702:
could register as the task manager menu and thereby replace the TASKMAX text mode menu, so that users could switch between tasks from within a GUI.
6508:
5446:
3296:
Undocumented DOS: A programmer's guide to reserved MS-DOS functions and data structures - expanded to include MS-DOS 6, Novell DOS and Windows 3.1
3090:
391:(a.k.a. CDOS with BDOS 3.1) to hardware vendors. While Concurrent DOS continued to evolve in various flavours over the years to eventually become
7117:
5197:
3499:
1581:
as well as other sources, and that the kernel was an outdated version of the Enhanced DR-DOS kernel. DR DOS, Inc. failed to comply with the
1460:
3699:
6911:
5029:
4949:
4909:
4610:
4539:
3649:
collection maintained up to 2001 and distributed on many sites at the time. The provided link points to a HTML-converted older version of the
1426:
enhanced DPMI support in conjunction with the multitasker) and other enhancements, such as added DEVLOAD and DRMOUSE utilities, but a changed
5357:
3963:
3412:
2787:
1079:
887:
686:
on-the-fly disk compression, to maximize available hard disk space, and file deletion tracking and undelete functionality by Roger A. Gross.
4842:
4796:
2892:
2708:"Software Developer Caldera sues Microsoft for Antitrust practices alleges monopolistic acts shut its DR DOS operating system out of market"
1011:) as well as more flexible loadhigh options. It also introduced support for "true" pre-emptive multitasking of multiple DOS applications in
7107:
7072:
5914:
3633:
3594:
1058:, with any DOS product other than their own. Claimed by them to be a purely technical change, this was later to be the subject of a major
7082:
4334:
Wallis, Richard J.; Aeschbacher, Steven J.; Bettilyon, Mark M.; Webb, Jr., G. Stewar; Tulchin, David B.; Holley, Steven L. (2009-11-13).
2510:
The rest of the story: How Bill Gates beat Gary Kildall in OS war, Part 1 | ScobleShow: Videoblog about geeks, technology, and developers
1310:
characters. Various behavioural details could be controlled with new parameters /Q (Quiet), /L (Lowercase), /Y (Yes) and /S (Switch) for
5638:
4569:"The mouse that roared. Forget the feds. It's up to an obscure Utah company to prove what we already know: that Microsoft is a monopoly"
3364:
1463:
5 in 2000, replacing the dynamically loadable DRFAT32 redirector driver, which still came with Easy Recovery 4. They were also used for
6186:
5823:
5663:
2717:
909:
5798:
4692:
2916:
1542:
Aside from selling copies of the operating system, the DRDOS, Inc. website lists a buyout option for DR-DOS; the asking price is US$
7051:
5718:
5617:
5167:
5141:
5115:
3442:
3342:
3217:
3166:
1168:
929:
4711:. The kernel collects and records configuration and Real Mode Driver data during boot (type of driver, interrupts hooked by driver,
4000:"Novell ups the ante for DOS functionality - But long-awaited revamp of DR DOS is slightly unstable, and some utilities lack finish"
2608:
1051:
distribution, Novell sold the product line off to Caldera on 23 July 1996, by which time it was of little commercial value to them.
5466:
762:
5057:
4973:
4937:
4436:
4300:
602:
DR DOS 5.0 was the first DOS to include load-high capabilities. The kernel and data structures such as disk buffers could be
4194:
3932:
5705:
4830:
1527:
In 2002, Lineo was bought out, and some of Lineo's former managers purchased the name and formed a new company, DRDOS, Inc. dba
7127:
937:
5837:
4259:
3726:
3553:"Markt fĂźr Desktop-Betriebssysteme im Visier - Novell kĂźndigt die ersten Low-end-Produkte mit dem Betiebssystem DR DOS 6.0 an"
2917:"Kompatibles PC-Betriebssystem kann mehr als MS-DOS und PC-DOS - Digital Research stellt sich dem Monopolisten mit DR-DOS 5.0"
4070:
3118:, the team's management spent an arduous series of meetings nailing down a schedule and process for closing the project down
2986:
1330:
defaults. The handling of environment variables in CONFIG.SYS was improved and new load-high facilities included such as the
5034:
5003:
4954:
4914:
4229:
7132:
6501:
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4342:
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file server and then will initiate a remote file transfer eliminating the need to send the file contents over the network.
7137:
7102:
6548:
6122:
2166:
532:
4476:
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3020:
336:
version of CP/M. However, there were disagreements over the contract, and IBM withdrew. Instead, a deal was struck with
5496:
5770:
4729:
4390:
3629:
NWDOS-TIPs — Tips & Tricks rund um Novell DOS 7, mit Blick auf undokumentierte Details, Bugs und Workarounds
6543:
4103:
3309:
2624:
2171:
1307:
712:
was found to return a non-fatal error message if it detected a non-Microsoft DOS. This check came to be known as the
486:
5226:
5743:
5251:
5072:
4998:
4549:
2477:
1351:
1335:
1279:
508:
DR DOS offered some extended command line tools with command line help, verbose error messages, sophisticated
5279:
3195:
2803:, where some similar concepts were introduced into the DRI family of operating systems a couple of years earlier.)
1230:
and a debugger loaded before or from within CONFIG.SYS) and more flexible CONFIG.SYS tracing capabilities via the
7112:
7092:
7040:
6661:
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5255:
3757:
1343:
1311:
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1283:
458:
5412:
4143:
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2522:
632:
DR DOS 5.0 was the first DOS to integrate such functionality into the base OS (loading device drivers into
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6358:
6179:
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2181:
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in order to keep the kernel small and not run into compatibility problems with Windows, which would expect the
513:
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1503:
and FAT32 file systems, and the differing bootstrapping conventions of DR-DOS, PC DOS, MS-DOS, Windows,
1339:
1303:
1291:
1287:
1267:
441:, Multiuser DOS, DR DOS and PalmDOS was done in Digital Research's European Development Centre (EDC) in
4384:"Settlement agreement - Microsoft Corporation and Caldera, Inc. reach agreement to settle antitrust lawsuit"
3085:. p. 10. MS-PCA1179169 (MS-PCA1179159-MS-PCA1179191). MS7020988 (MS7020978-MS7021010). Depo. Ex. 1109.
376:
Digital Research fought a long losing battle to promote CP/M-86 and its multi-tasking multi-user successors
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6346:
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3987:
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1004:
552:
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5573:
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4053:
Novells DOS 7 fuer viele die Nummer eins Novell-DOS 7 gilt bei vielen Fachleuten derzeit als bestes DOS.
3971:
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1561:
file system, and several other enhancements, including improved memory management and support for the new
1119:
6956:
6906:
6336:
6331:
4853:
2759:
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capabilities, that is, it automatically detects if a file is to be copied locally on a remote NetWare or
1319:
1315:
1008:
776:
749:
478:
361:
133:
1183:
utility, which previously came bundled with Novell DOS. Instead it came bundled with a newer version of
6986:
5454:
5259:
3075:
2858:
2854:
2763:
1582:
1435:
1327:
1323:
984:(NWL), but it was incompatible with Microsoft's networking system, now growing popular with support in
741:
477:
a.k.a. "BIGDOS"). DR DOS 3.31 reported itself as "IBM PC DOS 3.31", while the internal BDOS (
5203:
4578:
3168:
OpenDOS Developer's Reference Series — OpenDOS Multitasking API Guide — Programmer's Guide
1387:
compliant and provided special support to work with buggy system BIOSes. It also came with an updated
6576:
6477:
6363:
6172:
3703:
3489:
1363:
422:
345:
176:
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4553:
3590:
NWDOS7UN.TXT â Zusammenfassung der dokumentierten und undokumentierten Fähigkeiten von Novell DOS 7
1554:
1172:
1134:
870:
648:"). Therefore, DR DOS 5.0's new MEMMAX -L command worked around this by pre-allocating a
5614:"Embedded Linux moved to top priority at Lineo, Inc. formerly known as Caldera Thin Clients, Inc."
5349:
3416:
880:
on 23 July 1996, after it approached Novell looking for a DOS operating system to bundle with its
6901:
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5569:
4684:
4500:
4464:
4254:
4215:
4183:
4037:
3562:
3334:
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2211:
1314:. Further, it provided optional support for a LPT4: device and allowed to configure the built-in
481:) kernel version was reported as 6.0, single-user nature, reflecting its origin as derivative of
5904:
5642:
3627:
3588:
3372:
727:
compatible version of DR DOS 6.0. A Korean version appears to have been available as well.
7087:
6686:
6214:
6143:
6101:
6093:
6084:
6076:
6067:
6059:
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6042:
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6016:
6008:
6000:
5992:
5951:
4665:
2114:
2109:
1987:
1982:
1932:
1927:
1487:(but no longer by DR-DOS boot sectors). DR-DOS 7.07 (with BDOS 7.4/7.7) by Paul introduced new
985:
925:
720:
603:
196:
20:
3999:
3176:
2955:
2417:
Caldera UK Ltd., Norman Court Barns, Norman Court Lane, Upper Clatford, Andover, Hampshire, UK
7097:
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A major functional addition was Novell's second attempt at a peer-to-peer networking system,
891:(This was part of a massive and ultimately disastrous spending spree for Novell: they bought
854:
442:
244:
4144:"Caldera announces open source code model for DOS - DR DOS + the Internet = Caldera OpenDOS"
3903:
3874:
3818:
3254:
2747:
2707:
1254:
commands, thereby also improving the integration of alternative command line shells such as
694:
facility between applications. Via the task-switcher API, graphical user interfaces such as
6553:
6260:
5802:
4179:
3778:
3330:
1977:
1898:
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1403:
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Microsoft responded with MS-DOS 6.0, which again matched some features of DR DOS 6.0.
649:
426:
369:
251:. Upon its introduction in 1988, it was the first DOS that attempted to be compatible with
213:
108:
5700:
5613:
5536:"Settlement fuels Caldera 'family' - Orem company is 'settling up' with spinoffs thriving"
5163:
5137:
5111:
4707:+ introduced a for the most part undocumented RMD data structure usually located in the
3438:
3338:
8:
6846:
6234:
5246:
FILES+FCBS are now grouped in 3 chunks while they were arranged in 2 chunks previously
4544:
4505:"Caldera's DR gets OnSatellite of love - Service to offer voice, email and smartie cards"
2122:
2099:
2083:
2065:
2036:
2002:
1964:
1863:
1845:
1755:
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1642:
1627:
1610:
1203:
1087:
1036:
1012:
933:
917:
807:
768:
As well as a ROM-executing kernel, PalmDOS had palmtop-type support for features such as
619:
5382:
4737:
1003:
Novell DOS 7 introduced much advanced memory management including new support for DPMI (
857:'s strategy included "major trimming", selling off products like transactional database
517:
who were interested in a third-party DOS, which prompted several updates to the system.
6826:
6821:
6666:
6558:
6341:
6229:
5574:"Caldera closes UK thin client development unit - Development being moved over to Utah"
4800:
4440:
4422:
4379:
3910:
3881:
3825:
3789:
3294:
3227:
3110:
3105:
One of the most important stimulanta for adding features was competitive pressure from
2783:
2739:
2590:
2445:
2386:), but soon moved into a converted barn in Upper Clatford at the periphery of Andover (
2343:
2215:
2104:
2073:
2023:
2018:
1997:
1992:
1913:
1832:
1814:
1809:
1770:
1765:
1730:
1725:
1710:
1700:
1690:
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1662:
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1637:
1511:
1464:
1091:
1083:
1047:
When Caldera approached Novell looking for a DOS operating system to bundle with their
921:
913:
787:
device driver with its patented dynamic idle detection by Gross and John P. Constant),
633:
482:
470:
434:
430:
415:
411:
388:
381:
4730:"Suche freien Speicherbereich unterhalb von 1 MB, der nicht von OS Ăźberschrieben wird"
4291:"Exhibits to Microsoft's Cross Motion for Summary Judgment in Novell WordPerfect Case"
4187:
3109:, which we first learnt of in the spring of 1990. The DRDOS feature set led us to add
622:, the first 640 KB of the PC's RAM â the area in which all DOS applications run.
6966:
6456:
6351:
5817:
5657:
5609:
5378:
4826:
4668:
up to 3.xx (and internal versions of DR-DOS even with Windows 4.xx aka Windows 95/98/
4599:
3305:
3086:
2862:
2775:
2767:
2620:
2249:
Digital Research (UK) Ltd., Oxford House, 12-20 Oxford Street, Newbury, Berkshire, UK
2091:
2010:
1853:
1822:
1785:
1775:
1760:
1745:
1685:
1680:
1670:
1647:
1384:
1180:
1176:
949:
877:
757:
466:
438:
271:
248:
182:
67:
6114:
5287:
4248:
2840:
356:. 86-DOS's command structure and application programming interface imitated that of
6388:
6378:
6195:
6118:
5849:
5416:
5318:
5283:
4733:
4708:
4649:
4363:
3042:
3012:
2574:
2534:
2453:
2377:
Caldera UK Ltd., Aldwych House, Winchester Street, Andover, Hampshire, SP10 2EA, UK
1837:
1740:
1715:
1632:
1577:
In October 2005, it was discovered that DR-DOS 8.1 included several utilities from
1472:
1359:
1210:
again as Gross felt this would undermine the commercial aspirations of the system.
1199:
1188:
977:
866:
800:
607:
299:
267:
208:
158:
153:
57:
5906:
Zusammenfassung der dokumentierten und undokumentierten Fähigkeiten von DR DOS 6.0
5420:
3905:"The Executive Computer; Will Users Be the Big Losers in Software Patent Battles?"
3820:"The Executive Computer; Microsoft's Operating System Rivals Get a Boost, Sort Of"
278:. As ownership changed, various later versions were produced with names including
38:
7077:
6716:
6321:
5975:
4271:
4219:
3115:
1411:
1380:
691:
611:
509:
263:
5322:
314:-based systems spawned numerous spin-off versions, most notably CP/M-86 for the
6671:
6486:
6219:
5518:
4595:
4573:
4383:
4335:
3301:
2659:
1972:
1198:
in form of the M.R.S. kit (for Machine Readable Sources) in May 1997, but with
1103:
1063:
462:
189:
3400:
661:
7066:
6961:
6816:
6711:
6431:
5687:
5491:
4873:
4669:
4653:
4406:
4358:
4313:
4191:
4147:
4108:
4032:
3557:
3494:
3289:
3259:
3172:
2921:
2866:
2845:
2771:
2441:
2405:
2391:
2365:
2351:
2321:
2307:
2281:
2267:
2237:
2223:
2156:
1607:
1427:
1372:
1218:
and its support for third-party disk compression drivers such as Microsoft's
1171:
command, which had been added with one of the Novell DOS updates, as well as
1147:
1130:
865:'s multimedia Main Street children's titles. Novell licensed technology from
795:(Personal Information Modules) applications stored and executed from ROM via
392:
326:
in 1981 brought the beginning of what was eventually to be a massive change.
104:
5676:
5486:
5350:"Caldera, Inc./Caldera Systems, Inc. 1998 Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement"
2979:
2346:, Hampshire, UK, in 1996. This was originally located at Winchester Street (
6836:
6791:
6290:
6224:
6209:
5774:
5714:
5578:
5540:
5345:
5138:"Format description of DOS, OS/2, and Windows NT .CPI, and Linux .CP files"
4509:
4318:
4275:
4274:
agreed to pay an estimated $ 275 million to settle an antitrust lawsuit by
3937:
3222:
2779:
2712:
1959:
1565:
file system extension which allows files of up to 256 GB in size on normal
1528:
1371:
international date format (including automatic detection) and the then-new
1111:
1075:
1067:
981:
585:
book-sized diskless workstation, bundled with DR DOS 5.0, based on an
407:
403:
72:
4883:
3682:; Paul, Matthias R.; Dye, Charles E.; Georgiev, Luchezar I. (2002-02-27).
818:
445:, Berkshire. Later on some work was also done by Digital Research GmbH in
6981:
6646:
6295:
5845:
3852:
3752:
3679:
3144:
2960:
2850:
2485:
1484:
1355:
1263:
1223:
1167:
version of 7.2, identical to Novell DOS 7. The new suite also lacked the
1028:
892:
862:
709:
626:
586:
575:
200:
6244:
4151:
2489:
2448:
command in some versions of COMMAND.COM since Novell DOS 7 has built-in
1410:
In August 1998 the US-based Caldera, Inc. created two new subsidiaries,
6731:
6721:
6618:
6608:
6588:
6316:
6285:
5386:
4712:
4704:
4591:
4439:. Company Data Rex. 2001-07-01. Company Number 03252883. Archived from
4073:[Novell: Power marketing I - dosis against the market leader].
3675:
3472:
3385:
2616:
1516:
1480:
1376:
1219:
1215:
1143:
1055:
993:
843:
839:
835:
780:
645:
569:
565:
560:
544:
502:
498:
353:
319:
315:
307:
252:
49:
5517:. we are evolving our focus from an embedded DOS-only company to an
1455:
of FAT32 and large hard disk support they could be found bundled with
387:
This was shown publicly in December 1983 and shipped in March 1984 as
6976:
6931:
6806:
6801:
6796:
6786:
6451:
5482:
4139:
4004:
3683:
3529:
3459:
3082:
2819:
2815:"Award Software plans to implement Digital Research's OS on ROM chip"
2800:
2615:(First edition, first printing ed.). Prestwich, Manchester, UK:
2176:
2078:
1443:
1048:
945:
881:
713:
683:
615:
337:
311:
3587:
Paul, Matthias R. (1997-06-07) . "Chapter 1.3.xi: Ăberlange Pfade".
3089:
Plaintiff's Exhibit 3473. CA.No.2:96CV645B Plaintiff's Exhibit 477.
2333:
Digital Research (UK) Ltd., Charnham Park, Hungerford, Berkshire, UK
963:
In Germany, Novell DOS 7 was aggressively marketed with the slogan "
7006:
6971:
6771:
6756:
6751:
6696:
6691:
6581:
6406:
6326:
6305:
6280:
6164:
4333:
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3722:
3463:
2293:
Digital Research (UK) Ltd., Station Road, Hungerford, Berkshire, UK
2151:
1954:
1595:
1468:
1368:
1184:
1126:
1107:
953:
784:
494:
357:
161:, older versions also in German, French, Italian, Spanish, Japanese
5199:
DR-DOS 7.03 WHATSNEW.TXT - Changes from DR-DOS 7.02 to DR-DOS 7.03
7021:
6991:
6946:
6921:
6856:
6851:
6841:
6746:
6736:
6726:
6706:
6676:
6651:
6628:
6623:
6613:
6538:
6401:
6368:
5353:
5037:
4917:
4604:
4371:
4295:
4249:"Microsoft Will Pay $ 275 Million To Settle Lawsuit From Caldera"
4178:
3329:
3283:
3281:
2161:
1949:
1578:
1562:
1504:
1488:
1456:
1448:
1024:
896:
873:
858:
788:
772:
737:
699:
695:
581:
548:
485:
with the multitasking and multiuser capabilities as well as CP/M
396:
377:
365:
275:
4797:"Caldera OpenDOS 7.01/7.02 Update Alpha 3 IBMBIO.COM README.TXT"
1150:
and replace its MS-DOS 7.xx component. This was demonstrated at
956:
to run under the new DR DOS multitasker named "Vladivar").
669:
7001:
6996:
6896:
6886:
6881:
6861:
6811:
6776:
6701:
6656:
6571:
6535:
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6275:
5971:
5510:
4590:
Furthermore, Caldera claims that Microsoft's flagship product,
3967:
3323:
1903:
1893:
1508:
1491:
loaders and updated disk tools in order to combine support for
1476:
1395:
1354:
SIZE directive to control the pre-allocation of HMA memory for
1262:
directive, it brought enhanced multi-configuration support for
1095:
1016:
830:
769:
521:
505:(for the BDOS kernel), the disk OEM label used was "DIGITALâ ".
474:
446:
349:
341:
323:
256:
62:
4857:
3490:"Novell and Digital Research sign definitive merger agreement"
3278:
2527:
Digital Dialogue - Employee Newsletter of Digital Research Inc
243:, without a hyphen, in versions up to and including 6.0) is a
7016:
6951:
6941:
6926:
6891:
6781:
6741:
6603:
6593:
6421:
6373:
5911:
Summary of documented and undocumented features of DR DOS 6.0
5514:
4472:
2964:. Vol. 10, no. 3. pp. 241â246, 257, 264, 266.
2567:
Digital Research News - for Digital Research Users Everywhere
2449:
1558:
1500:
1496:
1439:
1415:
1388:
1151:
1138:
1123:
724:
7123:
Operating system distributions bootable from read-only media
6109:
3140:"DR DOS 6.0 Leapfrogs MS-DOS 5.0 With Task-Switching in RAM"
2731:
2658:
Wein, Josef "Joe" (2010-02-19) . Johnson, Herbert R. (ed.).
618:. This freed up the equivalent amount of critical "base" or
7011:
6936:
6916:
6866:
6831:
6681:
6426:
6396:
6270:
5247:
4469:"Cebit: Caldera shows Windows on DR-DOS, denying MS claims"
3455:
3365:"25 years of DR DOS history - Digital Research DOS history"
2754:. Vol. 22, no. 6. Littleton, Massachusetts, USA:
2146:
2141:
1255:
989:
941:
900:
637:
490:
332:
originally approached Digital Research in 1980, seeking an
303:
4827:"Caldera OpenDOS Machine Readable Source Kit (M.R.S) 7.01"
4134:
4132:
4130:
4071:"Novell: Power-Marketing I - Dosis gegen den Marktfuehrer"
3710:
3243:
3175:
August 1997. Caldera Part No. 200-DOMG-004. Archived from
810:, the original instigator of the PCMCIA/PC Card movement.
656:
259:(which were the same product sold under different names).
6639:
5944:
DR DOS 6.0 User Guide Optimisation and Configuration Tips
5371:
5308:
5306:
5273:
5271:
5066:
5064:
4885:), entry for DR-DOS version check under INT 21h/AH=4452h.
4327:
4174:
4172:
3287:
3148:. First Looks. Vol. 10, no. 19. pp. 48, 50
1569:
partitions. DR-DOS 7.01.08 was released on 21 July 2011.
1379:-style safety feature devised by Paul so that they would
796:
556:
410:, a stripped-down and modified single-user derivative of
333:
329:
169:
85:
4630:
4533:
4531:
4437:"Basic information about company "Caldera (UK) Limited""
4241:
4239:
4065:
4063:
4061:
3866:
3292:; Maxey, David; Michels, Raymond J.; Kyle, Jim (1994) .
2752:
Computer Design - The Magazine of Computer Based Systems
1023:
Novell DOS 7 and Personal NetWare 1.0 also shipped with
813:
429:, California, USA, the work on DOS Plus started in
6159:
5898:
5896:
5894:
5892:
5890:
5477:
5475:
5473:
4127:
1519:
scenarios in conjunction with other operating systems.
368:, alongside PC DOS. However, PC DOS sold for
6092:
6075:
6058:
6041:
6024:
6007:
5991:
5888:
5886:
5884:
5882:
5880:
5878:
5876:
5874:
5872:
5870:
5303:
5268:
5192:
5190:
5188:
5186:
5184:
5061:
4821:
4819:
4232:
from the original on 2017-06-24 – via bbc.co.uk.
4169:
4097:
4095:
4077:. Neue Marktauftritte (in German) (4): 8. 1994-04-01.
3692:
3673:
2737:
806:
The PCMCIA stack for PalmDOS was partially written by
5604:
5602:
5600:
4528:
4495:
4493:
4459:
4457:
4283:
4236:
4058:
4030:[The end of DOS is only a question of time].
3783:"Novell/Digital Research reach definitive agreementâŚ"
3621:
3619:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3034:
3004:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2197:
1133:(LONGNAME) support by Edward N. Hill Jr., as well as
765:
API to be implemented for any DOS version since 5.0.
636:
was already possible using third-party software like
5485:(1999-10-01) . Richardson, Marjorie "Margie" (ed.).
5470:
5105:
5103:
5101:
5099:
5097:
4903:
4901:
4899:
4897:
4895:
4893:
4891:
4208:
3839:
3810:
3525:"Novell/DRI merger to reap better client management"
3518:
3516:
3069:
3067:
2702:
2700:
5937:
5935:
5933:
5867:
5699:Diedrich, Oliver; Rabanus, Christian (2000-03-11).
5181:
4992:
4990:
4988:
4986:
4984:
4982:
4980:
4846:
4816:
4790:
4788:
4786:
4784:
4782:
4780:
4778:
4614:
4560:
4092:
4028:"Das Ende von DOS ist nur noch eine Frage der Zeit"
2698:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2653:
2651:
2649:
1383:when called inappropriately. DR-DOS 7.02 was fully
1129:extension to the multi-tasker by Andy T. Wightman,
224:
5863:Welcome to the DR-DOS/OpenDOS Enhancement Project!
5597:
5218:
5155:
4776:
4774:
4772:
4770:
4768:
4766:
4764:
4762:
4760:
4758:
4490:
4454:
4247:
3895:
3632:. MPDOSTIP. Release 157 (in German) (3 ed.).
3608:
3580:
3405:
3293:
3159:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3127:
2925:(in German). IDG Business Media GmbH. 1990-07-06.
2194:
5954:February 1992. 10005695 0045-5424. Archived from
5166:(CODEPAGE.LST file) (1.59 preliminary ed.).
5094:
4941:
4888:
4021:
4019:
4017:
4015:
3956:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3663:
3661:
3513:
3356:
3218:"Microsoft: Vorgetäuschter Bug legte DR-DOS lahm"
3064:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2943:
2436:
2434:
2432:
1442:, Inc. on 20 July 1999. DR-WebSpyder was renamed
1222:. It introduced a diagnostics mode (activated by
7064:
6516:
5930:
4977:
3740:
3430:
2677:
2646:
1422:, Inc. for the embedded and thin-client market.
5732:
5698:
5383:"Caldera Creates Two Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries"
5021:
4755:
4429:
3544:
3124:
1792:
5670:
5564:
5562:
5164:"Overview on DOS, OS/2, and Windows codepages"
4721:
4012:
3658:
3316:(xviii+856+vi pages, 3.5-inch floppy) Errata:
2940:
2911:
2909:
2833:
2554:
2514:
2429:
6502:
6180:
5608:
5534:Collins, Lois M.; Nii, Jenifer (2000-01-16).
5438:
5404:
5129:
4869:
4867:
4676:
4104:"Microsoft wird mehr Wind von vorne bekommen"
3933:"My DOS version can beat up your DOS version"
3924:
3719:"Novell v. Microsoft trial ends in hung jury"
3184:
2806:
980:(PNW). This was better than its predecessor,
665:Digital Research DR DOS 6.0 startup disk
5740:"EasyRecovery - Sophisticated Data Recovery"
5701:"Notaufnahme - Alle Daten futsch - was nun?"
5681:
5527:
4637:
3991:
3771:
2880:
2841:"EZ-DOS - Break the stranglehold on your PC"
1549:The OpenDOS 7.01 source code was a base for
1258:. Together with LOADER, SYS /DR:ext and the
964:
895:Corporation at about the same time, some of
657:DR DOS 6.0 / Competition from Microsoft
5771:"FREE SOFTWARE FOR DOS â Operating Systems"
5559:
4664:DR-DOS 7.03 is compatible with Windows and
4138:
3788:(Court document). Plaintiff's exhibit 828,
3700:"US Patent 5355501 - Idle detection system"
3209:
3076:"MS-DOS 5.0 Development Post-Mortem Report"
2987:"Digital Research - We Make Computers Work"
2956:"DR DOS 5.0 - The better operating system?"
2906:
2849:(Advertisement). Vol. 14, no. 5.
1367:formats, and it introduced support for the
708:In December 1991, a pre-release version of
7046:
6509:
6495:
6243:
6187:
6173:
5793:
5791:
5688:http://drdos.moriy.com/files/configsys.gif
5533:
5338:
5202:. Caldera, Inc. 1998-12-24. Archived from
4864:
4598:" between its MS-DOS operating system and
4377:
3716:
3484:
3482:
3436:
1883:supports the following external commands:
1114:(originally based on source code from the
1000:also reported as DOS 6.0 to applications.
861:and killing others such as Novell DOS and
340:, who purchased another operating system,
5913:]. MPDOSTIP. Release 60 (in German).
5763:
5677:http://drdos.moriy.com/files/autoexec.gif
4646:"Will Windows 3.1 work with DR-DOS 7.03?"
4025:
3437:Tam, Roy; Elliott, John C. (2014-01-12).
3415:(in Japanese). 2014-11-28. Archived from
2889:"How to detect FreeCOM/FreeDOS in-batch?"
1106:), a graphical 32-bit DOS Protected Mode
4856:. Caldera. February 1998. Archived from
4620:
4537:
3930:
2560:
2520:
1202:terms mostly incompatible with existing
817:
668:
660:
574:
274:6.0, which was an advanced successor of
5788:
5692:
5631:
5377:
4220:"Caldera vs Microsoft - the settlement"
3997:
3845:
3777:
3479:
3247:
3073:
3040:
3010:
2989:. 1992-11-13 . Serial Number 74087063.
2812:
2600:
1194:Parts of OpenDOS 7.01 were released as
1187:and brought a much advanced version of
723:released DR DOS 6.0/V, a Japanese
452:
7118:Microsoft criticisms and controversies
7065:
6064:DR DOS 6.0 Software performance report
5830:
5822:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
5662:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
4685:"[fd-dev] HMA access from TSR"
4566:
4475:news. Hanover, Germany. Archived from
3962:
3901:
3876:"Novell Readies a Response to Windows"
3872:
3816:
3300:(2 ed.). Reading, Massachusetts:
3263:. News Shorts. 1992-04-20. p. 6.
3137:
2609:"Chapter 7: DOS Plus: A short history"
2606:
2503:
1551:The DR-DOS/OpenDOS Enhancement Project
1362:version 7.02 also brought an enhanced
876:. Novell sold the product line off to
822:A typical command line in Novell DOS 7
524:channels beginning with version 3.4x.
6490:
6168:
5344:
5298:DR-DOS 7.04/7.05 (1999-08-19) -->
5030:"Re: Random Lockups with DR-DOS 7.03"
4950:"Re: Random Lockups with DR-DOS 7.03"
4910:"Re: Random Lockups with DR-DOS 7.03"
4245:
4142:; Pomeroy, Nancy, eds. (1996-09-10).
3968:"Digital Research - The Untold Story"
3522:
3466:of the corresponding DRFONT database
3215:
2953:
2563:"Concurrent DOS bridges PC-DOS, CP/M"
2302:), but later moved to Charnham Park (
1226:), integrated debugger support (with
899:'s products, and invested heavily in
814:Novell DOS 7 / Contribution by Novell
6194:
6146:(archived snapshot as of 2018-07-05)
5902:
5481:
5444:
5410:
5333:DR-DOS 7.06 up to 1999-12-14 -->
5312:
5277:
5224:
5161:
5135:
5114:(COUNTRY.LST file) (1.44 ed.).
5109:
5070:
5027:
4996:
4947:
4907:
4794:
4727:
4682:
4643:
4101:
3625:
3586:
3362:
2886:
2799:(7 pages) (NB. This source is about
2657:
2470:
1875:
1601:
1483:, it could be booted by MS-DOS 7.10
402:In 1985, Digital Research developed
7108:Floppy disk-based operating systems
7073:Caldera (company) operating systems
5856:
5568:
4499:
4463:
4214:
3462:running on DR DOS 6.0/V and a
3394:
2440:In order to improve performance of
2214:'s OEM Support Group was opened in
2167:Comparison of DOS operating systems
589:processor and produced by Taiwan's
533:Comparison of DOS operating systems
13:
7083:Digital Research operating systems
5985:
4540:"The Caldera v. Microsoft Dossier"
4026:Schneider, Stefanie (1994-06-17).
3902:Fisher, Lawrence M. (1994-03-06).
3873:Fisher, Lawrence M. (1995-09-18).
3817:Fisher, Lawrence M. (1994-07-24).
3550:
3074:Dryfoos, Mike, ed. (1991-09-18) .
2611:. Written at Leicestershire, UK.
1536:
1270:), return codes and error levels (
756:) imposed a limit on the depth of
294:
14:
7149:
6137:
5903:Paul, Matthias R. (1997-04-13) .
5706:c't - magazin fĂźr computertechnik
5313:Paul, Matthias R. (2003-01-06) .
5278:Paul, Matthias R. (2001-11-28) .
5162:Paul, Matthias R. (2001-06-10) .
5136:Paul, Matthias R. (2001-06-10) .
5110:Paul, Matthias R. (2001-06-10) .
3846:Anthony, Sebastian (2011-07-27).
3626:Paul, Matthias R. (1997-07-30) .
2523:"PC-Mode bridges CP/M and PC-DOS"
2521:Borreson, Nan, ed. (March 1984).
2172:Timeline of DOS operating systems
1522:
1322:devices as well as to change the
1278:). It also allowed to change the
7045:
7035:
7034:
6473:
6472:
5744:Ontrack Data International, Inc.
5445:Paul, Matthias R. (2004-08-25).
5411:Paul, Matthias R. (2002-02-20).
5225:Paul, Matthias R. (2001-11-05).
5140:(CPI.LST file) (1.30 ed.).
5071:Paul, Matthias R. (2000-01-11).
5028:Paul, Matthias R. (2004-06-17).
4997:Paul, Matthias R. (2000-11-22).
4948:Paul, Matthias R. (2004-06-17).
4908:Paul, Matthias R. (2004-06-17).
4795:Paul, Matthias R. (1997-10-02).
4728:Paul, Matthias R. (2002-08-13).
4683:Paul, Matthias R. (2002-04-10).
4644:Paul, Matthias R. (2002-07-25).
4357:Microsoft paid $ 280 million to
3717:Hildebrand, J. D. (2011-12-19).
3401:Dr. Dobb's Journal investigation
3363:Paul, Matthias R. (2000-09-18).
3341:(Court document). Caldera, Inc.
2887:Paul, Matthias R. (2002-02-20).
2607:Burton, Robin (September 1989).
1797:Batch processing subcommands of
1572:
1066:by Caldera with the help of the
37:
6150:Enhanced DR-DOS/OpenDOS Project
6125:from the original on 2018-09-12
5917:from the original on 2018-10-11
5721:from the original on 2018-05-13
5620:from the original on 2017-06-25
5586:from the original on 2017-06-25
5548:from the original on 2019-11-30
5499:from the original on 2017-12-13
5427:from the original on 2017-09-09
5393:from the original on 2017-06-24
5360:from the original on 2017-06-25
5237:from the original on 2018-05-11
5170:from the original on 2016-04-20
5144:from the original on 2016-04-20
5118:from the original on 2016-04-20
5083:from the original on 2019-04-20
5010:from the original on 2019-05-06
4833:from the original on 2021-08-07
4744:from the original on 2017-09-04
4695:from the original on 2017-09-09
4621:Schulman, Andrew (2000-03-02).
4538:Schulman, Andrew (2000-02-07).
4517:from the original on 2018-08-22
4396:from the original on 2017-07-04
4348:from the original on 2019-05-24
4303:from the original on 2013-08-21
4262:from the original on 2016-12-31
4197:from the original on 2018-08-05
4116:from the original on 2018-09-02
4081:from the original on 2018-09-02
4044:from the original on 2022-01-02
3998:Goodman, John M. (1994-05-02).
3974:from the original on 2019-04-19
3945:from the original on 2019-11-01
3799:from the original on 2016-11-19
3636:from the original on 2017-09-10
3597:from the original on 2016-11-07
3569:from the original on 2017-07-04
3502:from the original on 2018-08-18
3445:from the original on 2018-09-03
3345:from the original on 2018-08-05
3267:from the original on 2019-07-22
3234:from the original on 2018-07-14
3096:from the original on 2019-04-02
3053:from the original on 2018-09-11
3023:from the original on 2013-01-11
2993:from the original on 2018-09-02
2968:from the original on 2019-07-25
2929:from the original on 2019-07-25
2895:from the original on 2018-11-06
2766:â194, 196, 198, 200, 202, 204.
2720:from the original on 2017-06-24
2666:from the original on 2017-01-17
2633:from the original on 2017-09-10
2581:from the original on 2017-09-10
2561:Borreson, Nan, ed. (May 1984).
2541:from the original on 2017-09-10
1122:) with LAN and modem dialup, a
1042:
610:(HMA), the first 64 KB of
279:
6462:List of computers running CP/M
6359:Peripheral Interchange Program
5997:DR DOS 5.0 Retail box with lid
5073:"Possible DR-DOS enhancements"
4036:(in German). Munich, Germany:
3848:"MS-DOS is 30 years old today"
3561:(in German). Munich, Germany:
3384:See footnote #19 (BDOS 1067h "
2182:General Software Embedded BIOS
869:for use in Novell DOS and its
497:. The system files were named
493:replaced by an IBM-compatible
1:
7128:Proprietary operating systems
5487:"Interview: Lyle Ball, Lineo"
5112:"DOS COUNTRY.SYS file format"
4956:; FidoNet conference: ALT_DOS
4550:O'Reilly and Associates, Inc.
3931:Sheesley, John (2008-04-09).
3255:"DR DOS 6.0 does Windows 3.1"
2954:Rosch, Winn L. (1991-02-12).
2463:
673:Novell DR DOS 6.0 manual
593:
537:
489:support stripped out and the
348:(SCP). This became Microsoft
6111:Novell Desktop Systems Group
4882:, INTER61 as of 2000-07-16 (
4829:. Caldera, Inc. 1997-05-01.
4567:Romano, Mike (1998-09-17) .
3413:"Timeline of DOS/V versions"
3216:Meyer, Egbert (1998-08-27).
2891:. freedos-dev mailing list.
1793:Batch processing subcommands
1471:and the CD imaging software
1078:, Utah, USA, between Gross,
1005:DOS Protected Mode Interface
948:, a derivative of GEM, and "
779:support), power management (
579:Front and rear views of the
283:
7:
7133:ROM-based operating systems
6577:Multitasking MS-DOS 4.0/4.1
6332:DOS Protected Mode Services
6104:Part Number. 1192-2054-002.
6087:Part Number. 1182-2004-002.
6053:Part Number: 1176-1001-002.
6036:Part Number: 1174-2004-002.
4879:Ralf Brown's Interrupt List
4594:, is nothing more than an "
4416:case was an exhibit in the
4102:Hill, JĂźrgen (1994-05-27).
3523:Scott, Karyl (1991-07-29).
2813:Ponting, Bob (1988-08-15).
2760:PennWell Publishing Company
2135:
1588:
1009:DOS Protected Mode Services
971:Don't trust any DOS below 7
750:Current Directory Structure
479:Basic Disk Operating System
138:7.01.08 / 21 July 2011
16:MSDOS-like operating system
10:
7154:
7138:Assembly language software
7103:Embedded operating systems
6987:Technical Support SuperDOS
6019:Part Number 1176-2004-002.
6003:Part Number 1176-6114-001.
5227:"QEMM OPTIMIZE and DR-DOS"
4738:de.comp.lang.assembler.x86
4412:(NB. This document of the
3454:(NB. Has screenshots of a
3138:Salemi, Leo (1991-11-12).
3081:(mail as court document).
2750:. System Design/Software.
2660:"DRI History and Joe Wein"
2613:Master 512 Technical Guide
2591:Concurrent DOS Release 3.1
1583:GNU General Public License
1436:MarioNet split web browser
952:", a true port of Apple's
791:task switcher support for
730:
530:
421:Although DRI was based in
289:
18:
7030:
6764:
6637:
6534:
6525:
6470:
6444:
6387:
6364:Resource construction set
6304:
6259:
6252:
6241:
6202:
5413:"Need DOS 6.22 (Not OEM)"
5315:"drdos + qemm = problems"
4246:Gomes, Lee (2000-01-11).
3041:Elliott, John C. (2013).
3011:Elliott, John C. (2013).
1507:and LOADER into a single
1495:and LBA disk access, the
846:were trumped by Novell's
473:with large disk support (
453:First DR DOS version
346:Seattle Computer Products
219:
207:
188:
175:
165:
152:
132:
114:
99:
91:
81:
48:
36:
6047:DR DOS 5.0 Release Notes
4999:"Optimizing CONFIG.SYSâŚ"
4184:Eskridge III, Charles R.
3593:. MPDOSTIP (in German).
3335:Eskridge III, Charles R.
3106:
2258:) in 1983. Relocated to
2187:
1880:
1798:
1614:
1294:settings as well as the
871:network operating system
614:which are accessible in
457:As requested by several
262:DR-DOS was developed by
5077:www.delorie.com/opendos
4255:The Wall Street Journal
4038:IDG Business Media GmbH
3563:IDG Business Media GmbH
3043:"ViewMAX/2 screenshots"
3013:"ViewMAX/1 screenshots"
2212:Digital Research Europe
1027:, a network-enabled 3D
966:Trau keinem DOS unter 7
960:many industry experts.
568:(for the DOS-BIOS) and
501:(for the DOS-BIOS) and
43:DeviceLogics DR-DOS 8.0
7113:Microcomputer software
7093:Disk operating systems
6687:Datapac System Manager
6518:Disk operating systems
6337:Dynamic Debugging Tool
6215:Dorothy McEwen Kildall
6155:DR-DOS 7 online manual
6102:Digital Research, Inc.
6094:Digital Research, Inc.
6085:Digital Research, Inc.
6077:Digital Research, Inc.
6068:Digital Research, Inc.
6060:Digital Research, Inc.
6051:Digital Research, Inc.
6043:Digital Research, Inc.
6034:Digital Research, Inc.
6026:Digital Research, Inc.
6017:Digital Research, Inc.
6009:Digital Research, Inc.
6001:Digital Research, Inc.
5993:Digital Research, Inc.
5952:Digital Research, Inc.
5288:comp.os.msdos.desqview
4666:Windows for Workgroups
4405:Microsoft will pay to
4075:Absatzwirtschaft (ASW)
2869:. ark:/13960/t88g9x33p
2790:. ark:/13960/t3hz07m4t
2744:Wharton, John Harrison
2406:51.188306°N 1.487498°W
2322:51.420339°N 1.515223°W
2282:51.414478°N 1.512946°W
1606:The following list of
1206:. The source was then
986:Windows for Workgroups
965:
823:
721:Digital Research Japan
674:
666:
599:
272:Concurrent PC DOS
197:Command-line interface
140:; 13 years ago
120:; 36 years ago
6081:DR DOS 6.0 User Guide
6070:Part No. 000-1200-00.
6013:DR DOS 5.0 User Guide
5280:"QEMM 8.xx and Linux"
4854:"The Doctor Is Back!"
4180:Susman, Stephen Daily
3779:Allchin, James Edward
3685:4DOS 8.00 online help
3331:Susman, Stephen Daily
2853:. May 1989. pp.
2756:PennWell Publications
2426:). It closed in 1998.
2366:51.20531°N 1.478786°W
2238:51.40612°N 1.326374°W
1164:environment variables
1100:LAN WorkPlace for DOS
855:Robert J. Frankenberg
821:
672:
664:
578:
531:Further information:
245:disk operating system
5848:2013. Archived from
5746:1999. Archived from
5421:alt.msdos.programmer
4414:Caldera v. Microsoft
3458:-enabled version of
3181:(Printed in the UK.)
2488:2013. Archived from
2411:51.188306; -1.487498
2327:51.420339; -1.515223
2287:51.414478; -1.512946
1420:Caldera Thin Clients
1204:open-source licenses
1098:stack (derived from
1013:virtual DOS machines
510:command line history
463:Kazuhiko "Kay" Nishi
19:For other uses, see
6847:DEC BATCH-11/DOS-11
6526:MS-DOS, IBM PC DOS,
6235:Edward R. McCracken
5970:(NB. Licensed from
5040:conference: ALT_DOS
4920:conference: ALT_DOS
4418:Novell v. Microsoft
4380:Sparks, Bryan Wayne
2740:Strutynski, Kathryn
2401: /
2371:51.20531; -1.478786
2361: /
2317: /
2277: /
2243:51.40612; -1.326374
2233: /
1088:Raymond John Noorda
808:Ian H. S. Cullimore
758:working directories
634:upper memory blocks
620:conventional memory
547:.) This introduced
33:
6827:Concurrent DOS V60
6822:Concurrent DOS 68K
6667:Concurrent CP/M-86
6528:compatible systems
6342:File Control Block
6230:Kathryn Strutynski
6098:ViewMAX User Guide
6030:ViewMAX User Guide
5842:DRDOS Embedded DOS
5323:comp.os.msdos.misc
4423:Comes v. Microsoft
4190:(Court document).
4146:. Provo, UT, USA:
3911:The New York Times
3882:The New York Times
3826:The New York Times
3790:Comes v. Microsoft
3674:Brothers, Hardin;
3288:Schulman, Andrew;
3228:Verlag Heinz Heise
2482:DRDOS Embedded DOS
1465:Seagate Technology
1179:virus scanner and
1177:Search&Destroy
1084:Bryan Wayne Sparks
824:
675:
667:
600:
591:Flytech Technology
483:Concurrent DOS 6.0
471:Compaq MS-DOS 3.31
435:Concurrent DOS 386
412:Concurrent DOS 4.1
389:Concurrent DOS 3.1
382:Concurrent CP/M-86
249:IBM PC compatibles
31:
7060:
7059:
6567:
6566:
6484:
6483:
6457:Star Trek project
6440:
6439:
6389:Operating systems
6352:GEM character set
5616:(press-release).
5385:(Press-release).
4378:Burt, Thomas W.;
3551:CW (1992-09-11).
3087:Comes v Microsoft
2738:Brown, David K.;
2218:, Berkshire, UK (
1876:External commands
1602:Internal commands
1181:FastBack Plus 2.0
625:Additionally, on
467:ASCII Corporation
404:DOS Plus 1.0
270:and derived from
234:
233:
230:(dead since 2018)
183:Monolithic kernel
103:Mixed; primarily
7145:
7049:
7048:
7038:
7037:
6532:
6531:
6511:
6504:
6497:
6488:
6487:
6476:
6475:
6257:
6256:
6247:
6196:Digital Research
6189:
6182:
6175:
6166:
6165:
6144:Official website
6133:
6131:
6130:
6119:Digital Research
6105:
6088:
6071:
6054:
6037:
6020:
6004:
5979:
5969:
5967:
5966:
5960:
5949:
5939:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5922:
5900:
5865:
5860:
5854:
5853:
5838:"DR DOS Buy Out"
5834:
5828:
5827:
5821:
5813:
5811:
5810:
5801:. Archived from
5795:
5786:
5785:
5783:
5782:
5773:. Archived from
5767:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5755:
5736:
5730:
5729:
5727:
5726:
5696:
5690:
5685:
5679:
5674:
5668:
5667:
5661:
5653:
5651:
5650:
5641:. Archived from
5635:
5629:
5628:
5626:
5625:
5606:
5595:
5594:
5592:
5591:
5566:
5557:
5556:
5554:
5553:
5531:
5525:
5524:
5505:
5504:
5479:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5462:
5453:. Archived from
5442:
5436:
5435:
5433:
5432:
5408:
5402:
5401:
5399:
5398:
5375:
5369:
5368:
5366:
5365:
5342:
5336:
5335:
5330:
5329:
5310:
5301:
5300:
5295:
5294:
5275:
5266:
5265:
5243:
5242:
5222:
5216:
5214:
5212:
5211:
5194:
5179:
5178:
5176:
5175:
5159:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5149:
5133:
5127:
5126:
5124:
5123:
5107:
5092:
5091:
5089:
5088:
5068:
5059:
5054:
5052:
5051:
5042:. Archived from
5025:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5015:
4994:
4975:
4970:
4968:
4967:
4958:. Archived from
4945:
4939:
4934:
4932:
4931:
4922:. Archived from
4905:
4886:
4871:
4862:
4861:
4850:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4838:
4823:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4808:
4799:. Archived from
4792:
4753:
4752:
4750:
4749:
4725:
4719:
4718:
4701:
4700:
4680:
4674:
4673:
4661:
4660:
4641:
4635:
4634:
4629:. Archived from
4618:
4612:
4609:
4587:
4586:
4577:. Archived from
4564:
4558:
4557:
4545:O'Reilly Network
4535:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4522:
4497:
4488:
4487:
4485:
4484:
4461:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4433:
4427:
4411:
4402:
4401:
4395:
4388:
4375:
4369:
4368:
4364:The Canopy Group
4354:
4353:
4347:
4340:
4331:
4325:
4324:
4309:
4308:
4287:
4281:
4280:
4268:
4267:
4251:
4243:
4234:
4233:
4212:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4202:
4176:
4167:
4166:
4160:
4159:
4136:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4121:
4099:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4086:
4067:
4056:
4055:
4050:
4049:
4023:
4010:
4009:
3995:
3989:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3960:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3950:
3928:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3918:
3907:
3899:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3878:
3870:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3843:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3822:
3814:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3798:
3787:
3775:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3765:
3756:. Archived from
3744:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3734:
3725:. Archived from
3714:
3708:
3707:
3702:. Archived from
3696:
3690:
3689:
3671:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3623:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3602:
3584:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3574:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3520:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3507:
3486:
3477:
3475:
3469:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3434:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3424:
3409:
3403:
3398:
3392:
3391:
3381:
3380:
3371:. Archived from
3360:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3327:
3321:
3315:
3299:
3285:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3272:
3251:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3239:
3213:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3194:. Archived from
3188:
3182:
3180:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3135:
3122:
3120:
3102:
3101:
3095:
3080:
3071:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3058:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3028:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2983:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2973:
2951:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2913:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2900:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2810:
2804:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2735:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2704:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2655:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2604:
2598:
2595:
2587:
2586:
2575:Digital Research
2558:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2535:Digital Research
2518:
2512:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2474:
2457:
2454:Personal NetWare
2438:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2399:
2398:
2397:
2394:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2373:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2357:
2354:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2310:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2273:
2270:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2226:
2209:
1613:is supported by
1545:
1473:Nero Burning ROM
1360:memory footprint
1246:hotkeys and the
1173:Fifth Generation
978:Personal NetWare
968:
867:Stac Electronics
849:
801:Execute-In-Place
692:Copy & Paste
608:High Memory Area
598:
595:
300:Digital Research
268:Digital Research
229:
226:
220:Official website
148:
146:
141:
128:
126:
121:
118:28 May 1988
107:, some versions
58:Digital Research
41:
34:
30:
28:Operating system
7153:
7152:
7148:
7147:
7146:
7144:
7143:
7142:
7063:
7062:
7061:
7056:
7026:
6765:Other platforms
6760:
6717:NetWare PalmDOS
6633:
6563:
6527:
6521:
6515:
6485:
6480:
6466:
6436:
6383:
6309:
6300:
6262:
6248:
6239:
6198:
6193:
6140:
6128:
6126:
6113:(1993-01-07) .
6096:(August 1991).
6079:(August 1991).
6062:(August 1991).
6045:(August 1990).
5988:
5986:Further reading
5983:
5982:
5964:
5962:
5958:
5947:
5941:
5940:
5931:
5920:
5918:
5901:
5868:
5861:
5857:
5836:
5835:
5831:
5815:
5814:
5808:
5806:
5799:"Archived copy"
5797:
5796:
5789:
5780:
5778:
5769:
5768:
5764:
5753:
5751:
5738:
5737:
5733:
5724:
5722:
5697:
5693:
5686:
5682:
5675:
5671:
5655:
5654:
5648:
5646:
5639:"Archived copy"
5637:
5636:
5632:
5623:
5621:
5607:
5598:
5589:
5587:
5567:
5560:
5551:
5549:
5532:
5528:
5502:
5500:
5480:
5471:
5460:
5458:
5443:
5439:
5430:
5428:
5409:
5405:
5396:
5394:
5376:
5372:
5363:
5361:
5343:
5339:
5327:
5325:
5311:
5304:
5292:
5290:
5276:
5269:
5240:
5238:
5223:
5219:
5209:
5207:
5196:
5195:
5182:
5173:
5171:
5160:
5156:
5147:
5145:
5134:
5130:
5121:
5119:
5108:
5095:
5086:
5084:
5069:
5062:
5049:
5047:
5026:
5022:
5013:
5011:
4995:
4978:
4965:
4963:
4946:
4942:
4929:
4927:
4906:
4889:
4872:
4865:
4852:
4851:
4847:
4836:
4834:
4825:
4824:
4817:
4806:
4804:
4793:
4756:
4747:
4745:
4726:
4722:
4698:
4696:
4681:
4677:
4658:
4656:
4654:alt.os.free-dos
4642:
4638:
4619:
4615:
4584:
4582:
4565:
4561:
4536:
4529:
4520:
4518:
4498:
4491:
4482:
4480:
4462:
4455:
4446:
4444:
4435:
4434:
4430:
4399:
4397:
4393:
4386:
4376:
4372:
4351:
4349:
4345:
4338:
4332:
4328:
4306:
4304:
4289:
4288:
4284:
4272:Microsoft Corp.
4265:
4263:
4244:
4237:
4213:
4209:
4200:
4198:
4177:
4170:
4157:
4155:
4137:
4128:
4119:
4117:
4100:
4093:
4084:
4082:
4069:
4068:
4059:
4047:
4045:
4024:
4013:
3996:
3992:
3977:
3975:
3966:(1996-10-18) .
3961:
3957:
3948:
3946:
3929:
3925:
3916:
3914:
3900:
3896:
3887:
3885:
3871:
3867:
3858:
3856:
3844:
3840:
3831:
3829:
3815:
3811:
3802:
3800:
3796:
3785:
3781:(1992-05-27) .
3776:
3772:
3763:
3761:
3746:
3745:
3741:
3732:
3730:
3715:
3711:
3698:
3697:
3693:
3672:
3659:
3650:
3646:
3639:
3637:
3624:
3609:
3600:
3598:
3585:
3581:
3572:
3570:
3549:
3545:
3536:
3534:
3521:
3514:
3505:
3503:
3488:
3487:
3480:
3471:
3467:
3448:
3446:
3435:
3431:
3422:
3420:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3399:
3395:
3386:DR DOS 6.0
3378:
3376:
3361:
3357:
3348:
3346:
3328:
3324:
3312:
3286:
3279:
3270:
3268:
3253:
3252:
3248:
3237:
3235:
3214:
3210:
3201:
3199:
3192:"The AARD Code"
3190:
3189:
3185:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3151:
3149:
3136:
3125:
3099:
3097:
3093:
3078:
3072:
3065:
3056:
3054:
3039:
3035:
3026:
3024:
3009:
3005:
2996:
2994:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2971:
2969:
2952:
2941:
2932:
2930:
2915:
2914:
2907:
2898:
2896:
2885:
2881:
2872:
2870:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2825:
2823:
2811:
2807:
2793:
2791:
2736:
2732:
2723:
2721:
2706:
2705:
2678:
2669:
2667:
2656:
2647:
2636:
2634:
2627:
2605:
2601:
2584:
2582:
2559:
2555:
2544:
2542:
2519:
2515:
2508:
2504:
2495:
2493:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2460:
2444:, the internal
2439:
2430:
2416:
2414:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2403:
2400:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2360:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2332:
2330:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2316:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2210:
2195:
2190:
2138:
2133:
1881:DR DOS 6.0
1878:
1873:
1799:DR DOS 6.0
1795:
1790:
1615:DR DOS 6.0
1604:
1591:
1575:
1543:
1525:
1414:, Inc. for the
1412:Caldera Systems
1381:exit gracefully
1264:DR/D/CONFIG.ext
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1118:web browser by
1045:
847:
844:PC DOS 6.3
836:PC DOS 6.1
816:
733:
659:
612:extended memory
596:
540:
538:DR DOS 5.0
535:
455:
354:IBM PC DOS
297:
295:Origins in CP/M
292:
284:Caldera OpenDOS
264:Gary A. Kildall
223:
191:
144:
142:
139:
124:
122:
119:
115:Initial release
77:
44:
29:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7151:
7141:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7075:
7058:
7057:
7055:
7054:
7043:
7031:
7028:
7027:
7025:
7024:
7019:
7014:
7009:
7004:
6999:
6994:
6989:
6984:
6979:
6974:
6969:
6964:
6959:
6954:
6949:
6944:
6939:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6919:
6914:
6909:
6904:
6899:
6894:
6889:
6884:
6879:
6874:
6869:
6864:
6859:
6854:
6849:
6844:
6839:
6834:
6829:
6824:
6819:
6814:
6809:
6804:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6774:
6768:
6766:
6762:
6761:
6759:
6754:
6749:
6744:
6739:
6734:
6729:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6684:
6679:
6674:
6672:Concurrent DOS
6669:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6642:
6635:
6634:
6632:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6585:
6584:
6579:
6568:
6565:
6564:
6562:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6529:
6523:
6522:
6514:
6513:
6506:
6499:
6491:
6482:
6481:
6471:
6468:
6467:
6465:
6464:
6459:
6454:
6448:
6446:
6442:
6441:
6438:
6437:
6435:
6434:
6429:
6424:
6419:
6414:
6409:
6404:
6399:
6393:
6391:
6385:
6384:
6382:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6366:
6361:
6356:
6355:
6354:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6319:
6313:
6311:
6302:
6301:
6299:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6267:
6265:
6254:
6250:
6249:
6242:
6240:
6238:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6222:
6220:Gordon Eubanks
6217:
6212:
6206:
6204:
6200:
6199:
6192:
6191:
6184:
6177:
6169:
6163:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6139:
6138:External links
6136:
6135:
6134:
6107:
6100:(2 ed.).
6090:
6083:(2 ed.).
6073:
6056:
6039:
6032:(1 ed.).
6022:
6015:(1 ed.).
6005:
5987:
5984:
5981:
5980:
5950:(3 ed.).
5929:
5866:
5855:
5852:on 2018-06-03.
5829:
5787:
5762:
5731:
5691:
5680:
5669:
5630:
5612:(1999-07-20).
5596:
5572:(1999-04-27).
5558:
5526:
5519:embedded Linux
5469:
5447:"NOVOLTRK.REG"
5437:
5403:
5381:(1998-09-02).
5370:
5348:(2004-02-29).
5337:
5302:
5267:
5217:
5180:
5154:
5128:
5093:
5060:
5020:
4976:
4940:
4887:
4863:
4860:on 1998-02-05.
4845:
4815:
4754:
4720:
4675:
4636:
4633:on 2000-08-16.
4613:
4596:artificial tie
4574:Seattle Weekly
4559:
4556:on 2000-08-19.
4552:Archived from
4527:
4503:(1998-09-28).
4489:
4467:(1998-03-23).
4453:
4428:
4382:(2000-01-07).
4370:
4326:
4299:. 2009-11-23.
4282:
4235:
4218:(2000-01-13).
4207:
4168:
4150:Archived from
4126:
4091:
4057:
4011:
3990:
3955:
3923:
3894:
3865:
3838:
3809:
3770:
3739:
3709:
3706:on 2012-04-07.
3691:
3657:
3607:
3579:
3543:
3512:
3498:. 1991-07-17.
3478:
3439:"DR DOS 6.0/V"
3429:
3404:
3393:
3355:
3322:
3310:
3302:Addison Wesley
3290:Brown, Ralf D.
3277:
3246:
3208:
3183:
3179:on 2017-09-10.
3158:
3123:
3063:
3033:
3003:
2978:
2939:
2905:
2879:
2832:
2805:
2746:(1983-05-14).
2730:
2716:. 1996-07-24.
2676:
2645:
2625:
2599:
2553:
2513:
2502:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2442:file transfers
2428:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2120:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2094:
2089:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2068:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2013:
2008:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1885:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1843:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1803:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1619:
1603:
1600:
1590:
1587:
1574:
1571:
1524:
1523:Later versions
1521:
1418:business, and
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1104:NetWare Mobile
1080:Ransom H. Love
1064:Salt Lake City
1044:
1041:
884:distribution.
815:
812:
732:
729:
719:In July 1992,
658:
655:
539:
536:
454:
451:
306:for the 8-bit
296:
293:
291:
288:
232:
231:
221:
217:
216:
211:
205:
204:
194:
192:user interface
186:
185:
180:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
156:
150:
149:
136:
130:
129:
116:
112:
111:
101:
97:
96:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
76:
75:
70:
65:
60:
54:
52:
46:
45:
42:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7150:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7099:
7096:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7088:1988 software
7086:
7084:
7081:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7070:
7068:
7053:
7044:
7042:
7033:
7032:
7029:
7023:
7020:
7018:
7015:
7013:
7010:
7008:
7005:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6993:
6990:
6988:
6985:
6983:
6980:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6968:
6965:
6963:
6962:Sinclair QDOS
6960:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6950:
6948:
6945:
6943:
6940:
6938:
6935:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6900:
6898:
6895:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6865:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6855:
6853:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6840:
6838:
6835:
6833:
6830:
6828:
6825:
6823:
6820:
6818:
6817:Commodore DOS
6815:
6813:
6810:
6808:
6805:
6803:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6775:
6773:
6770:
6769:
6767:
6763:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6712:Multiuser DOS
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6641:
6636:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6574:
6573:
6570:
6569:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6536:
6533:
6530:
6524:
6519:
6512:
6507:
6505:
6500:
6498:
6493:
6492:
6489:
6479:
6469:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6449:
6447:
6443:
6433:
6432:Multiuser DOS
6430:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6394:
6392:
6390:
6386:
6380:
6377:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6360:
6357:
6353:
6350:
6349:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6314:
6312:
6307:
6303:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6268:
6266:
6264:
6258:
6255:
6251:
6246:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6207:
6205:
6201:
6197:
6190:
6185:
6183:
6178:
6176:
6171:
6170:
6167:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6145:
6142:
6141:
6124:
6120:
6116:
6112:
6108:
6103:
6099:
6095:
6091:
6086:
6082:
6078:
6074:
6072:(A5 â 1 fold)
6069:
6065:
6061:
6057:
6052:
6048:
6044:
6040:
6035:
6031:
6027:
6023:
6018:
6014:
6010:
6006:
6002:
5998:
5994:
5990:
5989:
5977:
5973:
5961:on 2019-09-30
5957:
5953:
5946:
5945:
5938:
5936:
5934:
5927:
5916:
5912:
5908:
5907:
5899:
5897:
5895:
5893:
5891:
5889:
5887:
5885:
5883:
5881:
5879:
5877:
5875:
5873:
5871:
5864:
5859:
5851:
5847:
5843:
5839:
5833:
5825:
5819:
5805:on 2010-06-26
5804:
5800:
5794:
5792:
5777:on 2009-11-04
5776:
5772:
5766:
5760:
5750:on 2018-08-26
5749:
5745:
5741:
5735:
5720:
5716:
5712:
5709:(in German).
5708:
5707:
5702:
5695:
5689:
5684:
5678:
5673:
5665:
5659:
5645:on 2016-11-25
5644:
5640:
5634:
5619:
5615:
5611:
5610:Caldera, Inc.
5605:
5603:
5601:
5585:
5581:
5580:
5575:
5571:
5565:
5563:
5547:
5543:
5542:
5537:
5530:
5523:
5520:
5516:
5512:
5498:
5494:
5493:
5492:Linux Journal
5488:
5484:
5478:
5476:
5474:
5467:
5457:on 2016-03-04
5456:
5452:
5451:www.drdos.org
5448:
5441:
5426:
5422:
5418:
5414:
5407:
5392:
5388:
5384:
5380:
5374:
5359:
5355:
5351:
5347:
5346:Jones, Pamela
5341:
5334:
5324:
5320:
5316:
5309:
5307:
5299:
5289:
5285:
5281:
5274:
5272:
5264:
5261:
5257:
5253:
5249:
5236:
5232:
5228:
5221:
5206:on 2019-04-08
5205:
5201:
5200:
5193:
5191:
5189:
5187:
5185:
5169:
5165:
5158:
5143:
5139:
5132:
5117:
5113:
5106:
5104:
5102:
5100:
5098:
5082:
5078:
5074:
5067:
5065:
5058:
5056:
5046:on 2019-04-28
5045:
5041:
5039:
5035:
5031:
5024:
5009:
5005:
5004:
5000:
4993:
4991:
4989:
4987:
4985:
4983:
4981:
4974:
4972:
4962:on 2019-04-28
4961:
4957:
4955:
4951:
4944:
4938:
4936:
4926:on 2019-04-28
4925:
4921:
4919:
4915:
4911:
4904:
4902:
4900:
4898:
4896:
4894:
4892:
4884:
4881:
4880:
4875:
4874:Ralf D. Brown
4870:
4868:
4859:
4855:
4849:
4843:
4832:
4828:
4822:
4820:
4813:
4803:on 2003-10-04
4802:
4798:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4785:
4783:
4781:
4779:
4777:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4769:
4767:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4759:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4732:(in German).
4731:
4724:
4717:
4714:
4710:
4706:
4694:
4690:
4686:
4679:
4672:
4671:
4667:
4655:
4651:
4647:
4640:
4632:
4628:
4624:
4617:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4601:
4597:
4593:
4581:on 2017-06-24
4580:
4576:
4575:
4570:
4563:
4555:
4551:
4547:
4546:
4541:
4534:
4532:
4516:
4512:
4511:
4506:
4502:
4496:
4494:
4479:on 2017-06-24
4478:
4474:
4470:
4466:
4460:
4458:
4443:on 2017-06-24
4442:
4438:
4432:
4425:
4424:
4419:
4415:
4410:
4408:
4392:
4385:
4381:
4374:
4367:
4365:
4360:
4344:
4337:
4330:
4323:
4320:
4315:
4302:
4298:
4297:
4292:
4286:
4279:
4277:
4273:
4261:
4257:
4256:
4250:
4242:
4240:
4231:
4227:
4226:
4221:
4217:
4211:
4196:
4193:
4192:Caldera, Inc.
4189:
4185:
4181:
4175:
4173:
4165:
4154:on 1996-10-18
4153:
4149:
4148:Caldera, Inc.
4145:
4141:
4135:
4133:
4131:
4115:
4112:(in German).
4111:
4110:
4109:Computerwoche
4105:
4098:
4096:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4066:
4064:
4062:
4054:
4043:
4039:
4035:
4034:
4033:Computerwoche
4029:
4022:
4020:
4018:
4016:
4007:
4006:
4001:
3994:
3988:
3986:
3984:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3959:
3944:
3940:
3939:
3934:
3927:
3913:
3912:
3906:
3898:
3884:
3883:
3877:
3869:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3842:
3828:
3827:
3821:
3813:
3795:
3791:
3784:
3780:
3774:
3760:on 2013-01-31
3759:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3743:
3729:on 2012-05-15
3728:
3724:
3720:
3713:
3705:
3701:
3695:
3687:
3686:
3681:
3677:
3670:
3668:
3666:
3664:
3662:
3655:
3635:
3631:
3630:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3596:
3592:
3591:
3583:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3559:
3558:Computerwoche
3554:
3547:
3532:
3531:
3526:
3519:
3517:
3501:
3497:
3496:
3495:Business Wire
3491:
3485:
3483:
3474:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3444:
3440:
3433:
3419:on 2017-01-18
3418:
3414:
3408:
3402:
3397:
3390:
3387:
3375:on 2016-11-25
3374:
3370:
3366:
3359:
3344:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3326:
3320:
3318:
3313:
3311:0-201-63287-X
3307:
3303:
3298:
3297:
3291:
3284:
3282:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3260:Computerworld
3256:
3250:
3244:
3233:
3229:
3226:(in German).
3225:
3224:
3219:
3212:
3198:on 2010-01-13
3197:
3193:
3187:
3178:
3174:
3173:Caldera, Inc.
3170:
3169:
3162:
3147:
3146:
3141:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3119:
3117:
3112:
3108:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3077:
3070:
3068:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3037:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3007:
2992:
2988:
2982:
2967:
2963:
2962:
2957:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2928:
2924:
2923:
2922:Computerwoche
2918:
2912:
2910:
2894:
2890:
2883:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2847:
2846:BYTE Magazine
2842:
2836:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2809:
2802:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2734:
2719:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2685:
2683:
2681:
2665:
2661:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2643:
2632:
2628:
2626:1-870336-80-1
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2603:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2557:
2551:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2517:
2511:
2506:
2492:on 2018-06-03
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2478:"About DRDOS"
2473:
2469:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2423:
2383:
2345:
2339:
2299:
2261:
2255:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2193:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2157:Multiuser DOS
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2118:
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2108:
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2101:
2098:
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2087:
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2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
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1920:
1917:
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1900:
1897:
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1626:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1609:
1599:
1597:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1573:Controversies
1570:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1540:
1538:
1537:Controversies
1533:
1530:
1520:
1518:
1513:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1461:Easy Recovery
1458:
1452:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1432:
1429:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1405:
1400:
1397:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1373:Euro currency
1370:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1131:long filename
1128:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1050:
1040:
1038:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1001:
997:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
974:
972:
967:
961:
957:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
902:
898:
894:
889:
885:
883:
879:
875:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
851:
845:
841:
837:
832:
828:
820:
811:
809:
804:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
771:
766:
764:
759:
755:
751:
745:
743:
739:
728:
726:
722:
717:
715:
711:
706:
703:
701:
697:
693:
687:
685:
679:
671:
663:
654:
651:
647:
641:
639:
635:
630:
628:
623:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
592:
588:
584:
583:
577:
573:
571:
567:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
534:
529:
525:
523:
518:
515:
512:and editing (
511:
506:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
450:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
425:and later in
424:
423:Pacific Grove
419:
417:
413:
409:
405:
400:
398:
394:
393:Multiuser DOS
390:
385:
383:
379:
374:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
325:
321:
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309:
305:
301:
287:
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260:
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238:
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193:
187:
184:
181:
178:
174:
171:
168:
164:
160:
157:
155:
151:
137:
135:
134:Final release
131:
117:
113:
110:
106:
105:closed-source
102:
98:
94:
92:Working state
90:
87:
84:
80:
74:
71:
69:
66:
64:
61:
59:
56:
55:
53:
51:
47:
40:
35:
26:
22:
7098:DOS variants
6837:Cromemco DOS
6792:Apple ProDOS
6598:
6411:
6291:Atari Pascal
6225:Tom Rolander
6210:Gary Kildall
6127:. Retrieved
6115:"DRTIPS.ZIP"
6097:
6080:
6063:
6046:
6029:
6028:(May 1990).
6012:
6011:(May 1990).
5996:
5963:. Retrieved
5956:the original
5943:
5919:. Retrieved
5910:
5905:
5858:
5850:the original
5841:
5832:
5807:. Retrieved
5803:the original
5779:. Retrieved
5775:the original
5765:
5752:. Retrieved
5748:the original
5734:
5723:. Retrieved
5715:Heise Verlag
5710:
5704:
5694:
5683:
5672:
5647:. Retrieved
5643:the original
5633:
5622:. Retrieved
5588:. Retrieved
5579:The Register
5577:
5550:. Retrieved
5541:Deseret News
5539:
5529:
5513:on embedded
5507:
5501:. Retrieved
5490:
5459:. Retrieved
5455:the original
5450:
5440:
5429:. Retrieved
5406:
5395:. Retrieved
5373:
5362:. Retrieved
5340:
5332:
5326:. Retrieved
5297:
5291:. Retrieved
5245:
5239:. Retrieved
5230:
5220:
5208:. Retrieved
5204:the original
5198:
5172:. Retrieved
5157:
5146:. Retrieved
5131:
5120:. Retrieved
5085:. Retrieved
5076:
5048:. Retrieved
5044:the original
5033:
5023:
5012:. Retrieved
5002:
4964:. Retrieved
4960:the original
4953:
4943:
4928:. Retrieved
4924:the original
4913:
4877:
4858:the original
4848:
4835:. Retrieved
4805:. Retrieved
4801:the original
4746:. Retrieved
4723:
4703:
4697:. Retrieved
4688:
4678:
4663:
4657:. Retrieved
4639:
4631:the original
4626:
4616:
4589:
4583:. Retrieved
4579:the original
4572:
4562:
4554:the original
4543:
4519:. Retrieved
4510:The Register
4508:
4481:. Retrieved
4477:the original
4445:. Retrieved
4441:the original
4431:
4421:
4417:
4413:
4404:
4398:. Retrieved
4373:
4356:
4350:. Retrieved
4329:
4311:
4305:. Retrieved
4294:
4285:
4276:Caldera Inc.
4270:
4264:. Retrieved
4253:
4223:
4210:
4199:. Retrieved
4162:
4156:. Retrieved
4152:the original
4118:. Retrieved
4107:
4083:. Retrieved
4074:
4052:
4046:. Retrieved
4031:
4003:
3993:
3976:. Retrieved
3964:Perkel, Marc
3958:
3947:. Retrieved
3938:TechRepublic
3936:
3926:
3915:. Retrieved
3909:
3897:
3886:. Retrieved
3880:
3868:
3857:. Retrieved
3851:
3841:
3830:. Retrieved
3824:
3812:
3801:. Retrieved
3773:
3762:. Retrieved
3758:the original
3751:
3748:"Novell DOS"
3742:
3731:. Retrieved
3727:the original
3712:
3704:the original
3694:
3684:
3680:Conn, Rex C.
3651:NWDOSTIP.TXT
3647:MPDOSTIP.ZIP
3638:. Retrieved
3628:
3599:. Retrieved
3589:
3582:
3571:. Retrieved
3556:
3546:
3535:. Retrieved
3528:
3504:. Retrieved
3493:
3468:SCREENHZ.FNT
3447:. Retrieved
3432:
3421:. Retrieved
3417:the original
3407:
3396:
3383:
3377:. Retrieved
3373:the original
3368:
3358:
3347:. Retrieved
3325:
3295:
3269:. Retrieved
3258:
3249:
3236:. Retrieved
3223:Heise Online
3221:
3211:
3200:. Retrieved
3196:the original
3186:
3177:the original
3167:
3161:
3150:. Retrieved
3143:
3121:(1+32 pages)
3104:
3098:. Retrieved
3055:. Retrieved
3046:
3036:
3025:. Retrieved
3016:
3006:
2995:. Retrieved
2981:
2970:. Retrieved
2959:
2931:. Retrieved
2920:
2897:. Retrieved
2882:
2871:. Retrieved
2844:
2835:
2824:. Retrieved
2818:
2808:
2792:. Retrieved
2751:
2733:
2722:. Retrieved
2713:Caldera News
2711:
2668:. Retrieved
2635:. Retrieved
2612:
2602:
2589:
2583:. Retrieved
2570:
2566:
2556:
2543:. Retrieved
2530:
2526:
2516:
2505:
2494:. Retrieved
2490:the original
2481:
2472:
1879:
1796:
1605:
1592:
1576:
1550:
1548:
1541:
1534:
1529:DeviceLogics
1526:
1485:boot sectors
1453:
1433:
1424:
1409:
1401:
1393:
1212:
1193:
1160:
1142:Windows 95,
1120:Michal PolĂĄk
1112:DR-WebSpyder
1110:web-browser
1072:
1068:Canopy Group
1053:
1046:
1043:After Novell
1033:
1022:
1007:) and DPMS (
1002:
998:
982:NetWare Lite
975:
970:
962:
958:
886:
852:
826:
825:
805:
767:
746:
734:
718:
707:
704:
688:
680:
678:management.
676:
642:
631:
624:
601:
580:
541:
526:
519:
507:
456:
420:
401:
386:
375:
328:
302:'s original
298:
261:
240:
239:(written as
236:
235:
154:Available in
100:Source model
95:Discontinued
73:DeviceLogics
25:
6982:SpartaDOS X
6261:Programming
6160:DR-DOS Wiki
6106:(106 pages)
6089:(698 pages)
6021:(501 pages)
5846:DRDOS, Inc.
5570:Lea, Graham
4689:freedos-dev
4501:Lea, Graham
4465:Lea, Graham
4216:Lea, Graham
3853:ExtremeTech
3753:PC Magazine
3676:Rawson, Tom
3369:FreeDOS.org
3145:PC Magazine
3047:Seasip.info
3017:Seasip.info
2961:PC Magazine
2851:McGraw-Hill
2762:. pp.
2486:DRDOS, Inc.
2409: /
2369: /
2325: /
2285: /
2241: /
1356:COMMAND.COM
1224:Scroll Lock
1196:open source
1062:brought in
1029:arcade game
893:WordPerfect
888:Marc Perkel
863:WordPerfect
853:Novell CEO
710:Windows 3.1
627:Intel 80386
597: 1991
587:Intel 80286
449:, Germany.
241:DR DOS
214:Proprietary
201:COMMAND.COM
109:open-source
7067:Categories
6732:PC-MOS/386
6722:Novell DOS
6619:SISNE plus
6609:Novell DOS
6589:IBM PC DOS
6549:Comparison
6317:BatteryMAX
6310:technology
6296:Pascal/MT+
6286:Dr. Scheme
6129:2018-04-03
6121:/ Novell.
6055:(11 pages)
6038:(88 pages)
5965:2019-08-14
5921:2019-08-14
5809:2008-06-14
5781:2009-09-08
5754:2018-08-26
5725:2018-05-13
5649:2008-08-02
5624:2017-06-24
5590:2017-06-24
5552:2019-11-30
5503:2019-06-01
5483:Ball, Lyle
5461:2011-12-17
5431:2006-10-14
5397:2017-06-24
5387:PRNewswire
5364:2017-05-25
5328:2018-05-11
5293:2018-05-11
5252:FILESHIGH=
5241:2018-05-11
5210:2019-04-08
5174:2016-08-20
5148:2016-08-20
5122:2016-08-20
5087:2019-04-20
5050:2019-04-28
5014:2019-05-06
4966:2019-04-28
4930:2019-04-28
4837:2022-01-02
4807:2009-03-29
4748:2017-09-03
4713:CONFIG.SYS
4705:MS-DOS 7.0
4699:2017-09-09
4659:2018-05-09
4592:Windows 95
4585:2017-06-24
4521:2018-02-13
4483:2009-06-01
4447:2017-06-24
4400:2018-08-03
4352:2018-08-03
4307:2011-10-22
4266:2019-11-24
4201:2018-08-05
4158:2019-07-14
4140:Ball, Lyle
4120:2018-09-02
4085:2018-09-02
4048:2022-01-02
4008:: 107â110.
3978:2019-04-19
3949:2012-03-02
3917:2012-03-02
3888:2012-03-02
3859:2012-03-02
3832:2012-03-02
3803:2017-01-21
3764:2012-03-02
3733:2012-03-02
3640:2014-08-06
3601:2016-11-07
3573:2017-07-04
3537:2017-01-21
3506:2017-01-24
3473:$ FONT.SYS
3449:2017-01-16
3423:2017-01-16
3379:2013-10-05
3349:2018-08-05
3271:2019-07-22
3238:2018-07-14
3202:2007-09-20
3152:2019-07-28
3100:2019-07-22
3057:2018-09-10
3027:2018-09-10
2997:2018-09-02
2972:2019-07-26
2933:2019-07-26
2899:2014-08-06
2873:2021-11-14
2826:2014-09-06
2794:2021-08-14
2724:2017-06-24
2670:2017-01-17
2637:2018-05-09
2617:Dabs Press
2585:2017-09-10
2545:2017-09-10
2496:2015-01-18
2464:References
2415: (
2393:51°11â˛18âłN
2375: (
2353:51°12â˛19âłN
2331: (
2309:51°25â˛13âłN
2291: (
2269:51°24â˛52âłN
2260:Hungerford
2247: (
2225:51°24â˛22âłN
1557:) and the
1517:multi-boot
1481:Windows 98
1377:fat binary
1308:RESUMECHAR
1220:DriveSpace
1216:Windows 9x
1156:court case
1056:Windows 95
994:Windows NT
954:System 7.1
840:MS-DOS 6.2
827:Novell DOS
781:BatteryMAX
646:low memory
570:IBMDOS.COM
566:IBMBIO.COM
561:BatteryMAX
545:MS-DOS 4.0
503:DRBDOS.SYS
499:DRBIOS.SYS
443:Hungerford
316:Intel 8086
308:Intel 8080
280:Novell DOS
253:IBM PC DOS
145:2011-07-21
125:1988-05-28
6977:SpartaDOS
6932:NewDos/80
6807:Atari TOS
6802:Atari DOS
6797:Apple SOS
6787:Apple DOS
6452:CPMulator
6379:Zero page
6263:languages
5417:Newsgroup
5319:Newsgroup
5284:Newsgroup
5256:FCBSHIGH=
4734:Newsgroup
4650:Newsgroup
4627:Undoc.com
4005:InfoWorld
3530:InfoWorld
3460:ViewMAX 2
3107:DRDOS 5.0
3083:Microsoft
2867:0360-5280
2820:InfoWorld
2801:CP/M Plus
2772:0010-4566
2396:1°29â˛15âłW
2356:1°28â˛44âłW
2312:1°30â˛55âłW
2272:1°30â˛47âłW
2228:1°19â˛35âłW
2177:AARD code
1801:include:
1489:bootstrap
1444:Embrowser
1428:OEM label
1385:Year 2000
1352:SHELLHIGH
1336:FILESHIGH
1280:SCROLLOCK
1049:OpenLinux
950:Star Trek
946:ViewMAX 3
882:OpenLinux
714:AARD code
684:SuperStor
616:real mode
604:relocated
338:Microsoft
166:Platforms
82:OS family
50:Developer
7041:Category
7007:TurboDOS
6972:SmartDOS
6912:MicroDOS
6772:AmigaDOS
6757:TurboDOS
6752:Towns OS
6697:K8918-OS
6692:DOS Plus
6582:MS-DOS 7
6554:Commands
6544:Timeline
6478:Category
6407:DOS Plus
6327:COM file
6322:CMD file
6306:Software
6281:Dr. Logo
6253:Products
6123:Archived
5995:(1990).
5915:Archived
5818:cite web
5719:Archived
5717:: 106+.
5658:cite web
5618:Archived
5584:Archived
5546:Archived
5497:Archived
5425:Archived
5391:Archived
5358:Archived
5317:. 1.08.
5282:. 1.06.
5235:Archived
5168:Archived
5142:Archived
5116:Archived
5081:Archived
5008:Archived
4831:Archived
4742:Archived
4693:Archived
4515:Archived
4391:Archived
4343:Archived
4317:Caldera/
4301:Archived
4260:Archived
4230:Archived
4225:BBC News
4195:Archived
4114:Archived
4079:Archived
4042:Archived
3972:Archived
3943:Archived
3794:Archived
3723:SD Times
3634:Archived
3595:Archived
3567:Archived
3500:Archived
3470:for its
3464:hex dump
3443:Archived
3343:Archived
3265:Archived
3232:Archived
3091:Archived
3051:Archived
3021:Archived
2991:Archived
2966:Archived
2927:Archived
2893:Archived
2718:Archived
2664:Archived
2631:Archived
2579:Archived
2539:Archived
2152:DOS Plus
2136:See also
2119:UNINSTAL
2115:UNFORMAT
2110:UNDELETE
2088:SUPERPCK
2033:PASSWORD
1988:GRAPHICS
1983:GRAFTABL
1969:FILELINK
1955:FASTOPEN
1933:DISKCOPY
1928:DISKCOMP
1924:DELWATCH
1921:DELPURGE
1850:PAUSEERR
1611:commands
1608:internal
1596:TRUENAME
1589:Commands
1469:SeaTools
1369:ISO 8601
1344:FCBSHIGH
1312:SWITCHES
1296:SWITCHAR
1284:CAPSLOCK
1228:DEBUG=ON
1185:PNUNPACK
1127:Pthreads
1108:HTML 3.2
926:UNDELETE
910:DELPURGE
803:), etc.
785:$ IDLE$
783:and the
773:PC Cards
744:market.
495:DOS-BIOS
427:Monterey
358:CP/M 2.2
7022:Z80-RIO
6992:Top-DOS
6947:RealDOS
6922:MSX-DOS
6857:DOS/360
6852:DIP DOS
6842:CSI-DOS
6747:SCP1700
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