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units assisting the VB in
Slovakia alone. No figure was available for numbers in the Czech lands, but it is reasonable to assume that these numbers would be at least double that reported for Slovakia. The federal minister of interior controlled other forces that could be ordered to assist the VB if needed, and he could also request further help from the military.
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The KSČ gained control of the
Ministry of Interior when Václav Nosek was appointed minister and began converting the security forces into arms of the party. Between 1945 and 1948, anti-Communist police officials and officers were fired, non-Communist personnel were encouraged to join the KSČ, and all
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in the armed forces; higher education was required for appointment to higher level positions, such as scientific, technical, and investigative positions. The
Ministry of Interior operated a higher-level educational institute, which trained security personnel at different stages of their careers. The
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The VB performed routine police functions at all levels from federal to local. In 1987 it was described as a relatively small force given its responsibilities, but it was augmented by volunteer auxiliary units. Articles in the Slovak press in the mid-1980s mentioned 27,000 auxiliary guards in 3,372
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force, at once an investigative agency, an intelligence agency, and a counterintelligence agency. Any activity that could be considered anti-state fell under the purview of StB. A 1982 article in the
Czechoslovak press indicated that 75 percent of the SNB were either members or candidate members of
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VB and StB units were deployed throughout the country with headquarters at regional and district levels; there were 10 regions and 114 districts in 1987. VB forces also established sections in rural areas. Both forces were officially under the supervision of the ministries of interior of the Czech
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The SNB was an armed force, organized and trained as an army but equipped to perform police rather than military functions. Its members were subject to military discipline and were under the jurisdiction of military courts. Ranks in the SNB corresponded to equivalent levels in the
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and Slovak socialists republics. However, in practice operational direction of the security forces came from the
Ministry of Interior at the federal level, and the two ministries of the component republics had administrative rather than supervisory functions.
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were subjected to
Communist indoctrination. Nosek's replacement of the upper police hierarchy with Communists caused the protest resignation of anti-Communist government ministers in February 1948, leading to the
477:(ČSLA) uniform, but with red shoulder boards and red trimming on hats distinguishing VB personnel from military. VB vehicles were yellow and white, with the initials VB on the sides, front, and rear.
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Advanced School of the
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the KSČ and that 60 percent were under 30 years of age. In 1986 about 80 percent of the SNB members in
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Nyirady, Kenneth E. (1989). "Internal
Security and Public Order". In Gawdiak, Ihor (ed.).
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Qualifications included completion of the compulsory nine years of schooling and of the
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during a meeting in Košice on April 17, replacing the traditional police and gendarmes.
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was apparently used to rebuild the force after the loss of personnel at the end of
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on 15 July 1991 under Act 283/1991 Coll, taking over its VB units after the
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was created by the SNB for anti-terrorism duties through
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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In mid-1987, the uniform of the VB was almost identical to the
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The SNB consisted of two separate organizations, consisting of
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681:"Policie České republiky - Útvar rychlého nasazení"
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National police in Czechoslovakia from 1945 to 1991
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613:"Sbor národní bezpečnosti (SNB): Totalita.cz"
351:At the end of World War II, on 4 April 1945,
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463:basic conscript tour
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106:Federal Police Corps
76:("Serve the People")
567:Library of Congress
343:from 1945 to 1991.
197:Rapid Response Unit
18:Czechoslovak police
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481:References
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386:of 1989.
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