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Crossley's foray into rail motive power construction was disastrous, with all but those installed in the WAGR X class having a very short working life. Motor failures occurred within months of the various classes being introduced. The WAGR Crossleys underwent over 600 modifications in their service
381:
design. Production of these engines, intended for ships, railway locomotives and electricity generation, was initially carried out at
Nottingham. But, before the engines could become established, the money ran out and the company had to call in the receivers. A purchaser was found in
425:, and the company became part of the Allen Power Engineering – Crossley Engines division of the Rolls-Royce Industrial Power Group. This, in turn, became Crossley Engines division of Rolls-Royce Power Engineering, continuing to produce the Crossley-Pielstick range until 1995.
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or to power industrial plant such as air compressors, water pumps or mills. They were produced in a range of sizes, based on a standard cylinder unit, as either in-line or horizontally-opposed cylinder engines. They had (side valve)
367:, these placed half of the engine each side of a centrally-mounted alternator, thus reducing the maximum load on the crankshaft. A similar engine in a bombproof underground shelter was used to power the wartime
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By the 1960s, although sales remained reasonable, the company had become unprofitable. The design of the engines then being made was essentially 40 years old, so in 1962 agreement was reached to use the French
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By adopting the heavier fuelled "oil" engine, the first one being demonstrated in 1891, the company's future was assured. Among other applications, these "oil" engines were used with
120:
William from 1910 – Baronet) joined his brother shortly after the purchase. The company name was initially changed to
Crossley Brothers and Dunlop. Each of the brothers had served
333:
451:
Their marine engines had a reputation for durability and reliability. However, their rush to be a part of the emerging railway traction market was an unmitigated disaster.
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Crossley apparently took one of its successful World War II Patrol Boat motors and re-engineered it for railway service. This resulted in the construction of;
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The
Crossley Works on Pottery Lane was closed on 27 February 2009, with what remains of the business being relocated to a Rolls-Royce factory in
765:
401:
Cross logo on the engines. Previously, this had only appeared on
Crossley Motors products — the rights to use it had to be bought from
500:
whereby surplus air in the exhaust manifold was forced back into the cylinder by the exhaust pulse from a neighbouring cylinder.
356:. This gave a relatively low boost pressure and was more of a scavenge blower, but it could increase output power by up to 50%.
112:(1844–1911). Francis, with help from his uncle, bought the engineering business of John M Dunlop at Great Marlborough Street in
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engine. The changeover to four stroke engines was remarkably rapid with the last atmospheric engines being made in 1877.
147:, refusing to supply their products to companies such as breweries, whom they did not approve of. They adopted the early
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for the new gas fueled atmospheric internal combustion engine and in 1876 these rights were extended to the famous
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Crossley
Brothers obtained numerous patents for improvements to internal combustion engines. One example is a
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125:
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was a separate casting. The engines were also unusual for being one of the few practical applications of an
340:, produced very similar engines as modular, opposed cylinder units. Crossley's were distinctive for using a
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with single inlet and exhaust valves above and below the chamber. Other manufacturers at the time, notably
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system, which used the heat of compression alone to ignite the fuel. Their first diesel was built in 1898.
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engines, and from 1901 these engines were finding their way into road vehicles, including, in 1905,
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for stationary, marine and locomotive use. There was a wide range of engines from six to 3200
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A pair of 16 cylinder opposed engines of 3,500 bhp, built for electrical generation in
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The market for engines was continuing to shrink, and in 1968 the new company joined the
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136:. William concentrated on the business side, Frank provided the engineering expertise.
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city centre, including manufacturing pumps, presses, and small steam engines. William (
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in the 1930s, were at the time the largest oil engines in the world. Like the earlier
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The business flourished. In 1881, Crossley
Brothers became a private limited company (
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The
Nottingham factory was expanded, and production continued there until 1966.
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In 1904, the company started production of motor cars and a separate company,
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Further technical improvements also followed, including the introduction of
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Williams, D.S.D.; Millar Smith, J. (1939). The Oil Engine (journal) (ed.).
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Uitenhage, past and present : souvenir of the
Centenary, 1804–1904
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on each cylinder, although this was in the form of a self-supporting
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Eyre, Michael; Heaps, Chris; and
Townsin, Alan: Crossley; OPC 2002;
316:, who built very large engines, and in 1935, changed their name to
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In 1869 they had the foresight to acquire the UK and world (except
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A major contribution to manufacturing was the introduction of the
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187:), and then in 1882 it moved to larger premises in Pottery Lane,
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More than 100,000 Crossley oil and gas engines have been built.
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By the turn of the century, there was also some production of
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into a
Crossley Regent bus after AEC absorbed Crossley Motors
264:(AEC) in 1948, and vehicle production continued until 1958.
448:(Crossley) and up to 9000 horsepower (Crossley-Pielstick).
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for irrigation. Then in 1896, they obtained rights to the
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In 1919, Crossley Brothers bought Premier Gas Engines of
239:, who visited Pottery Lane at the turn of the century.
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was set up in 1867 by brothers Francis (1839–97) and
432:. Demolition of the works began in December 2009.
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73:, was a pioneering company in the production of
47:Maker's plate, on an atmospheric gas engine at
27:British internal combustion engine manufacturer
776:Former defence companies of the United Kingdom
679:"Crossley Marine & Industrial Engine Data"
206:, allowing volatile liquid fuels to be used.
155:as the emblem to use on their road vehicles.
635:. Bookmarque Publishing. pp. 193, 197.
421:NEI themselves, in 1988, were taken over by
397:For the first time the new company used the
771:Manufacturing companies based in Manchester
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409:(NEI) in 1981, and the company name became
781:Engine manufacturers of the United Kingdom
620:. London: Temple Press. pp. 99–102.
386:but the name Crossley-Premier was kept.
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512:engines between 1968 and 1971 and the
348:and the water jacket around the whole
235:. The Crossley system even influenced
77:. Since 1988, it has been part of the
766:Defunct companies based in Manchester
276:1909 Crossley 40 hp designed by
34:. For the locality in Australia, see
411:NEI-Allen Limited – Crossley Engines
202:in 1888 and the introduction of the
92:
49:Thinktank, Birmingham Science Museum
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496:equipped with Crossley's system of
405:. APE, in its turn, became part of
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24:
528:, British patent no. 305 of 1915.
323:The engines were large horizontal
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25:
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257:was registered on 11 April 1906.
101:A Crossley 1/2hp engine from 1884
393:(APE) group and the name became
365:Ferranti steam generating plants
354:electrically driven supercharger
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269:
701:"Espacenet - Original document"
498:exhaust pulse pressure charging
407:Northern Engineering Industries
30:For people named Crossley, see
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334:clerestory combustion chambers
124:: Francis, known as Frank, at
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1:
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417:Rolls-Royce Power Engineering
391:Amalgamated Power Engineering
318:Crossley Premier Engines Ltd.
126:Robert Stephenson and Company
262:Associated Equipment Company
139:The brothers were committed
7:
756:Marine engine manufacturers
751:Diesel engine manufacturers
732:20th Century Press Archives
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162:) rights to the patents of
122:engineering apprenticeships
75:internal combustion engines
10:
797:
631:Bryan 'Bob' Boyle (2000).
519:
472:the KLCKee-25 used in the
458:the HSTVee-8, used in the
246:
87:
29:
478:the ESTVee-8 used in the
260:This company was sold to
211:Gwynnes Centrifugal Pumps
191:, in eastern Manchester.
81:Power Engineering group.
728:Clippings about Crossley
659:. Crossley-motors.org.uk
570:
526:waste heat recovery unit
440:Crossley Brothers built
723:Crossley Motors website
516:between 1969 and 1972.
486:British Rail Class D3/3
384:Belliss and Morcom Ltd.
185:Crossley Brothers Ltd.
102:
59:
51:
618:The Oil Engine Manual
508:were re-motored with
460:British Rail Class 28
100:
58:Undated advertisement
57:
46:
488:shunting locomotives
327:, typically used as
255:Crossley Motors Ltd.
681:. Realdiesels.co.uk
657:"Crossley Brothers"
134:Newcastle upon Tyne
494:two stroke engines
484:the ESNT6 used in
103:
60:
52:
36:Crossley, Victoria
32:Crossley (surname)
718:Crossley Brothers
395:APE-Crossley Ltd.
329:generating plants
325:heavy oil engines
175:four-stroke cycle
128:; and William at
106:Crossley Brothers
93:Crossley Brothers
18:Crossley Brothers
16:(Redirected from
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304:Crossley Premier
296:badge-engineered
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200:hot-tube ignitor
164:Otto and Langden
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403:British Leyland
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278:J. S. Critchley
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249:Crossley Motors
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243:Crossley Motors
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633:The Napier Way
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247:Main article:
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151:symbol of the
130:W.G. Armstrong
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506:CIE 001 Class
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480:CIE 201 Class
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474:KLC 123 Class
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683:. Retrieved
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468:WAGR X class
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153:Coptic cross
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761:Rolls-Royce
594:22 November
430:Dunfermline
204:carburettor
79:Rolls-Royce
65:, based in
745:Categories
554:References
543:Gas engine
504:life. The
446:horsepower
370:Aspidistra
314:Nottingham
237:Henry Ford
141:Christians
132:, both in
114:Manchester
110:William J.
67:Manchester
492:All were
379:Pielstick
361:Jerusalem
346:wet liner
310:Sandiacre
149:Christian
532:See also
466:and the
198:and the
189:Openshaw
145:teetotal
63:Crossley
734:of the
730:in the
520:Patents
228:buses.
226:Leyland
168:Cologne
88:History
685:11 May
663:11 May
639:
563:
462:, the
399:Coptic
222:petrol
215:diesel
160:German
571:Notes
338:Brush
687:2012
665:2012
637:ISBN
596:2009
561:ISBN
182:i.e.
172:Otto
736:ZBW
510:EMD
291:An
166:of
118:Sir
747::
604:^
413:.
312:,
69:,
703:.
689:.
667:.
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38:.
20:)
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