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87:(TFP). This method of calculating agricultural productivity compares an index of agricultural inputs to an index of outputs. This measure of agricultural productivity was established to remedy the shortcomings of the partial measures of productivity; notably that it is often hard to identify the factors cause them to change. Changes in TFP are usually attributed to technological improvements.
412:. Women in some areas of the world, for example in Africa, traditionally have less agency than men, but are often also more invested in farming in terms of time spent. They are furthermore generally more responsible for childcare, thus their productivity is more likely to translate in gains for the family as a whole.
438:
who die from disease or starvation is equal to the number of individuals being added to the population via birth. Because innovation continues to improve agricultural productivity (specifically yields), however, the theoretical carrying capacity continues to increase, allowing the human population to
319:
decrease and food supplies become more stable. Labourers therefore have more money to spend on food as well as other products. This also leads to agricultural growth. People see that there is a greater opportunity to earn their living by farming and are attracted to agriculture either as owners of
400:
and the growing economies in China and elsewhere causing an increase in demand for meat products (which are less efficient than plants in terms of land use), caused the percentage of incomes used for food to increase throughout the world, forcing families to cut back on various other expenditures
446:
However, unlike other animals, in humans greater development and prosperity has led to lower fecundity. Thus as productivity has increased and poverty has been reduced worldwide, population growth is declining. Research suggests we may actually face a declining world population in the future.
401:
such as schooling for girls. In areas of sub-Saharan Africa, a decreased agricultural productivity due to crop failures has caused starvation. On the other hand, higher global prices actually mean farmers with successful yields earn more, and this thus increases their productivity.
268:
distribution of scarce resources. As farmers adopt new techniques and differences, the more productive farmers benefit from an increase in their welfare while farmers who are not productive enough will exit the market to seek success elsewhere.
335:
It is not only the people employed in agriculture who benefit from increases in agricultural productivity. Those employed in other sectors also enjoy lower food prices and a more stable food supply. Their wages may also increase.
126:
since 1961. The steep rise in crop yields in the U.S. began in the 1940s. The percentage of growth was fastest in the early rapid growth stage. In developing countries maize yields are still rapidly rising.
571:
practices makes farming more sustainable in the long term, maintaining the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs while conserving the environment. International policy, embodied in
1314:
Climate Change and Land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems
685:
Preckel, Paul V.; Hertel, Thomas W.; Arndt, Channing; Nin, Alejandro (2003-11-01). "Bridging the Gap between
Partial and Total Factor Productivity Measures Using Directional Distance Functions".
727:
Agricultural
Investment and Productivity in Developing Countries, FAO Economic And Social Development Paper No. 148, ed. Lydia Zepeda, 2001, FAO Corporate Document Repository, 12 July 2007,
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871:
Mundlak, Yair, "Agricultural
Productivity and Economic Policies: Concepts and Measurements," OECD Working Paper No. 75, OECD Development Center, August 1992, SourceOECD.org, 13 July 2007
315:, where agriculture often employs the greatest portion of the population. As farms become more productive, the wages earned by those who work in agriculture increase. At the same time,
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since they are able to buy more of the products offered for the same amount of money. As productivity improvement leads to falling food prices, this automatically leads to increases in
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of the final output. This productivity can be compared to many different types of inputs such as labour or land. Such comparisons are called partial measures of productivity.
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Productivity is driven by changes in either agricultural technique or improvements in technology. Some sources of changes in agricultural productivity have included:
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continue to grow. These writers claim that there are too many people on Earth and that therefore growth in agricultural productivity is detrimental to the
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found in all other types of economic activity. It is debated whether the inverse relationship actually exists. Numerous studies falsify this theory. In
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continues to grow. As agricultural productivity grows, food prices decrease, allowing people to spend less on food, and combatting hunger.
76:, varying products make measuring overall agricultural output difficult. Therefore, agricultural productivity is usually measured as the
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Brown, Lester R. Plan B 2.0: Rescuing a Planet Under Stress and a
Civilization in Trouble. New York City: Earth Policy Institute, 2006.
584:
544:
1183:
Deolalikar, Anil B. (1981). "The
Inverse Relationship between Productivity and Farm Size: A Test Using Regional Data from India".
358:, one of the world's most populous countries, has taken steps in the past decades to increase its land productivity. In the 1960s
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than can other regions. Therefore, the region becomes more competitive on the world market, which means that it can attract more
260:, increasing the productivity of farms affects the region's prospects for growth and competitiveness on the agricultural market,
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of agriculture, which would increase productivity per amount of land being farmed, is seen by some as an important method for
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961:
814:
Egli, D.B. (2008). "Comparison of Corn and
Soybean Yields in the United States: Historical Trends and Future Prospects".
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Promoting Pro-Poor Growth: Agriculture, DAC Guidelines and
Reference Series, Paris: OECD, 2006, OECD.org, 13 July 2007
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1080:"An expansion of the demographic transition model: the dynamic link between agricultural productivity and population"
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Deolalikar in 1981 investigated the theory first proposed by Sen in 1975 that in traditional, pre-modern farming in
370:, the wheat could be harvested in time to plant rice. This wheat/rice combination is now widely used throughout the
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Investing in the agricultural productivity of women in farming communities is of particular importance in boosting
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508:, especially in and following 2000, split large farms into many smaller farms, and this decreased productivity.
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443:— if the carrying capacity was lower, the human population would reach an equilibrium at a lower number.
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Measuring
Agricultural Productivity Using the Average Productivity Index (API) by Lal Mervin Dharmasiri
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in management and entrepreneurial techniques to decrease fixed and variable costs and optimise manpower
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and savings, and labour migration. An increase in a region's agricultural productivity implies a more
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Increases in agricultural productivity lead also to agricultural growth and can help to alleviate
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outputs to inputs. While individual products are usually measured by weight, which is known as
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in agricultural products increases, which means that it can produce these products at a lower
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http://miranda.sourceoecd.org/vl=4172647/cl=20/nw=1/rpsv/cgi-bin/wppdf?file=5lgsjhvj7g21.pdf
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regions becoming less productive, while other crops increase ranges and productivity.
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combined small farms into larger units, this usually failed to increase productivity.
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can be an important way to decrease the amount of land needed for farming and slow
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Section: 2.4.1: Mechanization: Agriculture, Section 2.6: Scientific agriculture.
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OECD Department for Trade and
Agriculture: Food, Agriculture and Fisheries
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Mbow, C.; Rosenzweig, C.; Barioni, L. G.; Benton, T.; et al. (2019).
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Beierlein, James G.; Schneeberger, Kenneth C.; Osburn, Donald D. (2003).
796:. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Archived from
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Some critics claim that increasing agricultural productivity results in
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889:(3 ed.). Prospect Heights, Illinois: Waveland Press. p. 154.
366:, but with the advent of the earlier maturing high-yielding wheats and
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Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – www.fao.org
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Section 4: Mechanized agriculture, Section 6: Scientific agriculture
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Agricultural productivity is becoming increasingly important as the
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1019:. Department of Economics, University of Victoria. pp. 1–31.
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Agricultural productivity may also be measured by what is termed
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farms is an important way to improve farmer livelihoods in the
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434:. When a species reaches its carrying capacity, the number of
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Nonetheless, increasing agricultural productivity amongst
1031:"The perfect storm: Global food prices hit six-year high"
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will be negative on agricultural productivity. The IPCC
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is important for many reasons. Aside from providing more
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Hunger, Agricultural Production, and Government Policies
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1062:"Human population numbers as a function of food supply"
1010:
Kumar, Alok; Al Mahmood Mosfeq, Abdullah, eds. (2012).
787:"Can Technology Deliver on the Yield Challenge to 2050"
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Agricultural productivity is an important component of
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both project mixed changes in the yields of crops as
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agriculture has such large impacts on climate change
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139:High yield varieties, which were the basis of the
27:Quotient between production and productive factors
1259:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
729:http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/X9447E/x9447e00.HTM
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642:Productivity improving technologies (historical)
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288:As a region's farms become more productive, its
242:Productivity improving technologies (historical)
785:Fischer, R. A.; Byerlee, Eric; Edmeades, E. O.
390:Higher global food prices between 2006 and 2008
94:. Increasing agricultural productivity through
1341:OECD Agricultural Outlook Database (2006–2015)
761:"Sustainable Intensification for Smallholders"
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386:, helping to feed India's 1.1 billion people.
851:, the International Plant Nutrition Institute
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1185:American Journal of Agricultural Economics
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591:Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 °C
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1159:"Prosperity and World Population Growth"
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794:Expert Meeting on How to Feed the World
567:. Implementing intensification through
473:Some essential food products including
236:Keeping animals indoors in cold weather
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1239:International Sociological Association
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887:Principles of Agribusiness Management
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539:Sustainable increases in productivity
34:Food production per capita since 1961
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1093:(4). Taylor & Francis: 246–254.
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204:and to provide calcium and magnesium
114:Sources of agricultural productivity
1157:Tupy, Marian L. (10 January 2013).
1130:"About That Overpopulation Problem"
320:farms themselves or as labourers.
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408:and food security in parts of the
233:made more digestible by processing
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921:Concise Encyclopedia of Economics
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1274:Goals, sustainable development.
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617:Energy efficiency in agriculture
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160:and secondary nutrients such as
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573:Sustainable Development Goal 2
61:Cambodians planting rice, 2004
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1128:Wise, Jeff (9 January 2013).
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416:Relation to population growth
1107:10.1080/14888386.2014.973904
1078:Hopfenberg, Russell (2014).
910:Field, Alexander J. (2008).
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510:Marxist agrarian land reform
68:is measured as the ratio of
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451:Inverse relationship theory
148:: Primary plant nutrients:
53:Rice plantation in Thailand
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1307:"Chapter 5: Food Security"
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1276:"Sustainable agriculture"
580:effects of climate change
557:climate change mitigation
436:poor and weak individuals
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124:least developed countries
100:environmental degradation
85:total factor productivity
66:Agricultural productivity
1361:Agricultural revolutions
861:The Fertilizer Institute
828:10.2134/agronj2006.0286c
1366:Sustainable agriculture
1356:Agricultural production
699:10.1111/1467-8276.00498
569:sustainable agriculture
227:Increased plant density
200:of acid soils to raise
106:through processes like
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1226:Jacobs, Susie (2010).
632:Mechanized agriculture
612:Agricultural expansion
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1247:10.1177/205684601072
1056:Russell Hopfenberg;
549:environmental issues
502:agrarian land reform
428:human overpopulation
406:economic development
313:developing countries
1291:, pp. 439–442.
1099:2014Biodi..15..246H
262:income distribution
218:Genetic engineering
1035:Al Jazeera English
916:David R. Henderson
672:2013-10-20 at the
598:happens with some
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1255:cite encyclopedia
1228:"Agrarian reform"
1138:. The Slate Group
432:carrying capacity
422:Population growth
396:used for growing
280:dairy factory in
188:on deficient soil
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16:(Redirected from
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360:North India
317:food prices
304:elsewhere.
302:real income
278:cooperative
231:Animal feed
146:Fertilizers
1350:Categories
1235:Sociopedia
978:2007-07-13
849:About IPNI
822:: S79–88.
771:2020-10-16
649:References
547:and other
223:Pesticides
213:Herbicides
208:Irrigation
186:molybdenum
154:phosphorus
74:crop yield
1205:0002-9092
944:237794267
715:154456202
707:0002-9092
654:Citations
327:A liquid
298:consumers
266:efficient
192:Education
182:magnesium
174:manganese
158:potassium
1168:11 March
1142:11 March
1115:54798262
1041:14 March
875:(13–16).
836:84059626
670:Archived
606:See also
588:and the
578:Not all
543:Because
498:Zimbabwe
464:Maryland
398:biofuels
282:Victoria
150:nitrogen
1213:1239565
1095:Bibcode
918:(ed.).
522:Vietnam
512:in the
384:hectare
376:Haryana
309:poverty
178:calcium
1211:
1203:
1113:
942:
932:
893:
834:
713:
705:
372:Punjab
248:Impact
198:Liming
170:copper
162:sulfur
42:Grain
1310:(PDF)
1231:(PDF)
1209:JSTOR
1135:Slate
1111:S2CID
1083:(PDF)
1065:(PDF)
1017:(PDF)
983:(10).
972:(PDF)
965:(PDF)
914:. In
832:S2CID
801:(PDF)
790:(PDF)
711:S2CID
518:China
490:India
483:pasta
475:bread
368:rices
364:wheat
356:India
254:farms
240:See:
44:silos
1261:link
1201:ISSN
1170:2021
1144:2021
1043:2021
940:OCLC
930:ISBN
891:ISBN
703:ISSN
520:and
481:and
479:rice
258:food
184:and
166:zinc
156:and
102:and
1243:doi
1193:doi
1103:doi
824:doi
820:100
695:doi
563:or
462:in
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477:,
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276:A
202:pH
180:,
176:,
172:,
168:,
164:,
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