126:
450:
102:
327:. The length of their tails varies greatly in relation to their bodies, and they may be either furred or sparsely haired. The fur of most species is brownish in colour, often with a white underbelly, but many other patterns exist, especially in the
905:
Norris RW, Zhou KY, Zhou CQ, Yang G, Kilpatrick CW, Honeycutt RL (2004). "The phylogenetic position of the zokors (Myospalacinae) and comments on the families of muroids (Rodentia)".
550:
group (that is, they share a common ancestor more recently than with any other group), and other groups now considered muroids should not be included in the
Cricetidae.
1854:
949:
Steppan SJ, Adkins RA, Anderson J (2004). "Phylogeny and divergence date estimates of rapid radiations in muroid rodents based on multiple nuclear genes".
482:
The circumscription of
Cricetidae has gone through several permutations. Some members of the family as currently defined have been placed in the family
649:
441:
periods between 15 and 50 days, and large litter sizes relative to many other mammals. The young are typically born blind, hairless, and helpless.
823:
1720:
1759:
662:
319:
The cricetids are small mammals, ranging from just 5–8 cm (2.0–3.1 in) in length and 7 g (0.25 oz) in weight in the
1849:
636:
1694:
1733:
471:. They soon adapted to a wide range of habitats, and spread throughout the world. The voles and lemmings arose later, during the
1751:
907:
831:
1738:
1484:
999:
943:
816:
713:
1811:
1764:
875:
824:"Phylogeny of muroid rodents: relationships within and among major lineages as determined by IRBP gene sequences"
1746:
1668:
202:
1673:
855:
125:
1816:
1803:
354:. Some are arboreal, with long balancing tails and other adaptations for climbing, while others are
1844:
1477:
867:
1567:
784:"Vertebrate paleontology of the late Miocene (Hemphillian) Wilbur Locality of central Washington"
406:
300:
1790:
1608:
437:
Cricetids' populations can increase rapidly in times of plenty, due to a combination of short
1785:
1725:
992:
1777:
1655:
1646:
386:
1462:
888:
868:"Evolutionary history of the most speciose mammals: molecular phylogeny of muroid rodents"
8:
1839:
1470:
1376:
1323:
596:
1217:
491:
453:
120:
1772:
1681:
1201:
966:
939:
923:
893:
847:
812:
730:
709:
614:
539:
535:
977:
1660:
1530:
1045:
985:
958:
915:
883:
839:
304:
272:
1686:
1254:
1071:
359:
919:
843:
1440:
1291:
962:
1833:
1631:
1580:
1448:
1400:
1100:
619:
519:
390:
382:
252:
225:
59:
865:
449:
1432:
1148:
1055:
970:
927:
897:
851:
547:
543:
527:
511:
499:
495:
1707:
1640:
1549:
1366:
1315:
569:
554:
507:
503:
476:
402:
374:
355:
332:
323:
up to 41–62 cm (16–24 in) and 1.1 kg (2.4 lb) in the
240:
109:
34:
1699:
1588:
1572:
1424:
1408:
1348:
1333:
1225:
1209:
1133:
1123:
1116:
628:
606:
586:
531:
523:
461:
347:
328:
256:
248:
244:
211:
79:
44:
803:
Eisenberg, J.F.; Feaver, J. & Krebs, C.J. (1984): Cricetidae. In:
1712:
1416:
1278:
1270:
1184:
1177:
1161:
468:
438:
419:
410:
398:
366:
137:
84:
1602:
783:
1625:
1524:
1512:
1384:
1356:
1194:
1087:
1079:
1039:
1027:
610:
487:
472:
370:
342:, cricetids are adapted to a wide range of habitats, from the high
280:
219:
187:
157:
74:
69:
54:
49:
39:
303:. At over 870 species, it is either the largest or second-largest
1557:
1340:
1241:
622:— New World rats and mice, predominantly South American, such as
590:
581:
577:
562:
483:
394:
378:
339:
324:
320:
296:
292:
284:
89:
64:
553:
The cricetids thus currently include one fossil and five extant
1536:
1518:
1506:
1140:
1033:
1021:
1009:
731:"The Early Oligocene rodent fauna of Olalla 4A (Teruel, Spain)"
667:
654:
641:
623:
600:
558:
351:
343:
308:
276:
177:
167:
147:
467:
The cricetids first evolved in the Old World during the Early
1798:
1307:
515:
703:
311:, and has members throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia.
1492:
1392:
573:
288:
101:
546:
studies have shown the subfamilies listed below to form a
1090:(Squirrels, chipmunks, marmots, susliks and prairie dogs)
866:
Michaux Johan; Reyes
Aurelio; Catzeflis François (2001).
362:. Yet others are burrowing animals, or ground-dwellers.
377:
species all being known. They all have large, gnawing,
1007:
948:
609:— North American rats and mice, including deer mice,
490:
have historically been placed in
Cricetidae, such as
904:
1212:(Zokors, bamboo rats, mole rats, blind mole rats)
1831:
728:
722:
1478:
993:
811:: 640–655, 672–673. Facts on File, New York.
781:
821:
444:
1855:Taxa named by Gotthelf Fischer von Waldheim
764:(2001), Jansa & Weksler (2004), Norris
1485:
1471:
1000:
986:
100:
887:
775:
708:. Columbia University Press. p. 80.
413:for the great majority of cricetids is:
365:Their diets are similarly variable, with
1583:(rice rats, oldfield mice and relatives)
934:Savage, R.J.G. & Long, M.R. (1986):
448:
704:Agusti, Jordi; Antón, Mauricio (2002).
631:— New World climbing rats and relatives
409:. Although a few exceptions occur, the
1832:
1187:(Jerboas, jumping mice and birch mice)
936:Mammal Evolution: an illustrated guide
782:Martin, J. E.; Mallory, V. S. (2011).
1607:
1606:
1466:
1151:(Kangaroo rats and mice, pocket mice)
981:
889:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003743
697:
686:
684:
475:, and rapidly diversified during the
279:in the large and complex superfamily
1804:C32887CB-FF81-BA72-FF3D-F906FA78ED4B
706:Mammoths, Sabretooths, and Hominids
526:), the white-tailed rat (subfamily
13:
681:
314:
14:
1866:
751:Savage & Long (1986): 122–124
1850:Extant Miocene first appearances
534:), and spiny dormice (subfamily
124:
32:
1591:(vesper mice and climbing mice)
754:
745:
1:
1552:(voles, lemmings and muskrat)
1493:Extant subfamilies of family
1228:(Malagasy rats and relatives)
674:
358:, with webbed feet and small
1427:(Spiny rats, coypus, hutias)
822:Jansa SA, Weksler M (2004).
7:
1451:(Chinchillas and viscachas)
1244:(House mouse and relatives)
938:. Facts on File, New York.
920:10.1016/j.ympev.2003.10.020
844:10.1016/j.ympev.2003.07.002
809:The Encyclopedia of Mammals
10:
1871:
1369:(New World hystricognaths)
454:Roborovski's dwarf hamster
1615:
1575:(deer mice and relatives)
1545:
1501:
1290:
1253:
1160:
1099:
1054:
1016:
1008:Extant families in order
963:10.1080/10635150490468701
445:Evolution and systematics
238:
233:
217:
210:
121:Scientific classification
119:
108:
99:
23:
1236:(Hamsters and relatives)
729:Freudenthal, M. (1996).
557:, with about 112 living
381:separated from grinding
1568:New World rats and mice
506:, family Muridae), the
301:New World rats and mice
114:Microtus pennsylvanicus
1403:(Agoutis and acouchis)
1379:(New World porcupines)
1326:(Old World porcupines)
908:Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.
832:Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.
502:), gerbils (subfamily
464:
30:Early Oligocene–Recent
1786:Paleobiology Database
1435:(Degus and relatives)
1220:(Mouse-like hamsters)
452:
389:. Molar teeth may be
321:New World pygmy mouse
458:Phodopus roborovskii
805:Macdonald, D. (ed.)
597:Democricetodontinae
514:, family Muridae),
492:mouse-like hamsters
385:teeth by a gap, or
283:. It includes true
1318:(Laotian rock rat)
1298:("Porcupine-like")
1261:("Anomalure-like")
1204:(Oriental dormice)
1202:Platacanthomyidae
951:Systematic Biology
465:
1827:
1826:
1773:Open Tree of Life
1609:Taxon identifiers
1600:
1599:
1460:
1459:
1452:
1444:
1443:(Chinchilla rats)
1436:
1428:
1420:
1412:
1404:
1396:
1388:
1380:
1370:
1360:
1352:
1344:
1327:
1319:
1311:
1301:
1282:
1274:
1264:
1245:
1237:
1229:
1221:
1213:
1205:
1188:
1171:
1152:
1144:
1127:
1110:
1091:
1083:
1075:
1074:(Mountain beaver)
1065:
1062:("Squirrel-like")
882:(11): 2017–2031.
735:Scripta Geologica
540:Platacanthomyidae
536:Platacanthomyinae
435:
434:
265:
264:
206:
16:Family of rodents
1862:
1820:
1819:
1807:
1806:
1794:
1793:
1781:
1780:
1768:
1767:
1755:
1754:
1742:
1741:
1729:
1728:
1716:
1715:
1703:
1702:
1690:
1689:
1677:
1676:
1664:
1663:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1604:
1603:
1592:
1584:
1576:
1561:
1553:
1531:Euarchontoglires
1487:
1480:
1473:
1464:
1463:
1450:
1442:
1434:
1426:
1418:
1410:
1402:
1394:
1386:
1378:
1368:
1358:
1350:
1342:
1325:
1317:
1309:
1308:Ctenodactylidae
1300:
1299:
1295:
1280:
1272:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1243:
1235:
1227:
1219:
1211:
1203:
1186:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1150:
1143:(Pocket gophers)
1142:
1125:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1089:
1081:
1073:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1046:Euarchontoglires
1002:
995:
988:
979:
978:
974:
931:
901:
891:
876:Mol. Biol. Evol.
872:
862:
860:
854:. Archived from
828:
806:
796:
795:
779:
773:
768:(2004), Steppan
758:
752:
749:
743:
742:
726:
720:
719:
701:
695:
688:
615:grasshopper mice
416:
415:
201:
129:
128:
104:
94:
31:
27:Temporal range:
21:
20:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1845:Rodent families
1830:
1829:
1828:
1823:
1815:
1810:
1802:
1797:
1789:
1784:
1776:
1771:
1763:
1758:
1750:
1745:
1737:
1732:
1724:
1719:
1711:
1706:
1698:
1693:
1685:
1680:
1672:
1667:
1659:
1654:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1611:
1601:
1596:
1590:
1582:
1574:
1559:
1551:
1541:
1497:
1491:
1461:
1456:
1377:Erethizontidae
1297:
1296:
1294:
1286:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1255:Anomaluromorpha
1249:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1156:
1107:("Beaver-like")
1106:
1105:
1103:
1095:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1050:
1012:
1006:
870:
858:
826:
804:
800:
799:
780:
776:
759:
755:
750:
746:
727:
723:
716:
702:
698:
689:
682:
677:
447:
317:
315:Characteristics
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
229:
223:
200:
123:
95:
93:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
37:
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1868:
1858:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1808:
1795:
1782:
1769:
1756:
1743:
1730:
1717:
1704:
1691:
1678:
1665:
1652:
1637:
1621:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1594:
1586:
1581:Sigmodontinae
1578:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1555:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1539:
1533:
1527:
1521:
1515:
1509:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1490:
1489:
1482:
1475:
1467:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1449:Chinchillidae
1446:
1438:
1430:
1422:
1414:
1406:
1401:Dasyproctidae
1398:
1390:
1382:
1374:
1372:
1363:
1362:
1357:Thryonomyidae
1354:
1346:
1338:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1321:
1313:
1304:
1302:
1292:Hystricomorpha
1288:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1276:
1267:
1265:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1239:
1231:
1223:
1215:
1207:
1199:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1182:
1180:
1174:
1172:
1168:("Mouse-like")
1158:
1157:
1155:
1154:
1146:
1138:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1121:
1119:
1113:
1111:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1085:
1077:
1072:Aplodontiidae
1068:
1066:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1048:
1042:
1036:
1030:
1024:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1005:
1004:
997:
990:
982:
976:
975:
957:(4): 533–553.
946:
932:
914:(3): 972–978.
902:
863:
861:on 2008-07-20.
838:(1): 256–276.
819:
798:
797:
774:
753:
744:
721:
714:
696:
679:
678:
676:
673:
672:
671:
658:
645:
632:
626:
617:
604:
593:
584:
446:
443:
433:
432:
428:
427:
423:
422:
411:dental formula
407:New World mice
391:buno-lophodont
340:Old World mice
316:
313:
263:
262:
260:and see below
236:
235:
231:
230:
224:
215:
214:
208:
207:
195:
191:
190:
185:
181:
180:
175:
171:
170:
165:
161:
160:
155:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
117:
116:
106:
105:
97:
96:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
33:
26:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1867:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1657:
1653:
1648:
1642:
1638:
1633:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1605:
1593:
1587:
1585:
1579:
1577:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1556:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1538:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1520:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1488:
1483:
1481:
1476:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1453:
1447:
1445:
1439:
1437:
1433:Octodontidae
1431:
1429:
1423:
1421:
1415:
1413:
1407:
1405:
1399:
1397:
1391:
1389:
1383:
1381:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1355:
1353:
1349:Petromuridae
1347:
1345:
1341:Bathyergidae
1339:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1328:
1322:
1320:
1314:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1293:
1289:
1283:
1281:(Springhares)
1277:
1275:
1271:Anomaluridae
1269:
1268:
1266:
1256:
1252:
1246:
1240:
1238:
1232:
1230:
1224:
1222:
1218:Calomyscidae
1216:
1214:
1208:
1206:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1163:
1159:
1153:
1149:Heteromyidae
1147:
1145:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1102:
1101:Castorimorpha
1098:
1092:
1086:
1084:
1078:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1057:
1053:
1047:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1003:
998:
996:
991:
989:
984:
983:
980:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
947:
945:
944:0-8160-1194-X
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
910:
909:
903:
899:
895:
890:
885:
881:
878:
877:
869:
864:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
834:
833:
825:
820:
818:
817:0-87196-871-1
814:
810:
802:
801:
794:(3): 155–185.
793:
789:
785:
778:
771:
767:
763:
757:
748:
740:
736:
732:
725:
717:
715:0-231-11640-3
711:
707:
700:
693:
687:
685:
680:
669:
665:
664:
659:
656:
652:
651:
646:
643:
639:
638:
633:
630:
627:
625:
621:
620:Sigmodontinae
618:
616:
612:
608:
605:
602:
598:
594:
592:
588:
585:
583:
579:
575:
571:
568:
567:
566:
564:
560:
556:
551:
549:
545:
542:). Multigene
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
520:Myospalacinae
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
480:
478:
474:
470:
463:
459:
455:
451:
442:
440:
430:
429:
425:
424:
421:
418:
417:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
375:insectivorous
372:
368:
363:
361:
360:external ears
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
336:
335:subfamilies.
334:
330:
326:
322:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
261:
258:
254:
253:Sigmodontinae
250:
246:
242:
237:
232:
227:
222:
221:
216:
213:
209:
204:
199:
196:
193:
192:
189:
186:
184:Superfamily:
183:
182:
179:
176:
173:
172:
169:
166:
163:
162:
159:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
127:
122:
118:
115:
111:
107:
103:
98:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
36:
22:
19:
1616:
1550:Arvicolinae
1529:Superorder:
1523:Infraclass:
1494:
1441:Abrocomidae
1419:(Tuco-tucos)
1417:Ctenomyidae
1393:Cuniculidae
1367:Caviomorpha
1351:(Dassie rat)
1324:Hystricidae
1316:Diatomyidae
1273:(Anomalures)
1233:
1056:Sciuromorpha
1044:Superorder:
1038:Infraclass:
954:
950:
935:
911:
906:
879:
874:
856:the original
835:
830:
808:
791:
787:
777:
769:
765:
761:
756:
747:
738:
734:
724:
705:
699:
691:
661:
648:
635:
552:
548:monophyletic
544:DNA sequence
528:Mystromyinae
512:Lophiomyinae
500:Calomyscidae
496:Calomyscinae
481:
466:
457:
436:
364:
346:to tropical
337:
318:
268:
266:
239:
234:Subfamilies
218:
197:
113:
18:
1708:iNaturalist
1641:Wikispecies
1589:Tylomyinae
1573:Neotominae
1558:Cricetinae
1425:Echimyidae
1409:Dinomyidae
1359:(Cane rats)
1234:Cricetidae
1226:Nesomyidae
1210:Spalacidae
1124:Castoridae
1117:Castoroidea
663:Wilsoneumys
570:Arvicolinae
555:subfamilies
518:(subfamily
510:(subfamily
508:crested rat
504:Gerbillinae
494:(subfamily
477:Pleistocene
403:arvicolines
367:herbivorous
356:semiaquatic
348:rainforests
241:Arvicolinae
110:Meadow vole
1840:Cricetidae
1834:Categories
1661:Cricetidae
1647:Cricetidae
1617:Cricetidae
1560:(hamsters)
1495:Cricetidae
1411:(Pacarana)
1343:(Blesmols)
1334:Phiomorpha
1279:Pedetidae
1185:Dipodidae
1178:Dipodoidea
1141:Geomyidae
1134:Geomyoidea
1088:Sciuridae
788:Paludicola
690:Eisenberg
675:References
629:Tylomyinae
607:Neotominae
587:Cricetinae
532:Nesomyidae
524:Spalacidae
462:Cricetinae
395:cricetines
371:omnivorous
333:arvicoline
269:Cricetidae
257:Tylomyinae
249:Neotominae
245:Cricetinae
212:Type genus
203:J. Fischer
198:Cricetidae
24:Cricetidae
1505:Kingdom:
1385:Caviidae
1162:Myomorpha
1126:(Beavers)
1082:(Dormice)
1080:Gliridae
1020:Kingdom:
611:pack rats
538:, family
530:, family
522:, family
498:, family
469:Oligocene
460:) of the
439:gestation
420:Dentition
399:lophodont
338:Like the
329:cricetine
144:Kingdom:
138:Eukaryota
1752:13000153
1626:Wikidata
1537:Rodentia
1525:Eutheria
1519:Mammalia
1513:Chordata
1511:Phylum:
1507:Animalia
1387:(Cavies)
1310:(Gundis)
1242:Muridae
1195:Muroidea
1040:Eutheria
1034:Mammalia
1028:Chordata
1026:Phylum:
1022:Animalia
1010:Rodentia
971:15371245
928:15120394
898:11606698
852:15019624
760:Michaux
591:hamsters
578:lemmings
561:and 580
473:Pliocene
431:1.0.0.3
426:1.0.0.3
405:or some
401:like in
393:like in
387:diastema
379:incisors
350:and hot
297:muskrats
293:lemmings
285:hamsters
281:Muroidea
226:Linnaeus
220:Cricetus
194:Family:
188:Muroidea
178:Rodentia
168:Mammalia
158:Chordata
154:Phylum:
148:Animalia
134:Domain:
1817:1451010
1700:3240723
1632:Q193061
1535:Order:
1517:Class:
1395:(Pacas)
1032:Class:
741:: 1–67.
637:Copemys
624:brucies
582:muskrat
563:species
488:muroids
486:. Some
484:Muridae
352:deserts
325:muskrat
309:mammals
277:rodents
174:Order:
164:Class:
1778:671049
1765:337677
1739:180274
1726:118979
969:
942:
926:
896:
850:
815:
772:(2004)
770:et al.
766:et al.
762:et al.
712:
694:(1984)
692:et al.
668:fossil
655:fossil
642:fossil
613:, and
601:fossil
559:genera
516:zokors
373:, and
344:Arctic
305:family
299:, and
273:family
271:are a
228:, 1758
205:, 1817
1812:WoRMS
1799:Plazi
1791:41724
1721:IRMNG
1713:55986
1674:64481
871:(PDF)
859:(PDF)
827:(PDF)
650:Eumys
574:voles
383:molar
289:voles
1760:NCBI
1734:ITIS
1695:GBIF
1669:BOLD
967:PMID
940:ISBN
924:PMID
894:PMID
848:PMID
813:ISBN
710:ISBN
331:and
267:The
35:PreꞒ
1747:MSW
1687:8P5
1682:CoL
1656:ADW
959:doi
916:doi
884:doi
840:doi
739:112
397:or
307:of
275:of
1836::
1814::
1801::
1788::
1775::
1762::
1749::
1736::
1723::
1710::
1697::
1684::
1671::
1658::
1643::
1628::
965:.
955:53
953:.
922:.
912:31
892:.
880:18
873:.
846:.
836:31
829:.
807::
790:.
786:.
737:.
733:.
683:^
589:—
580:,
576:,
572:—
565::
479:.
369:,
295:,
291:,
287:,
112:,
85:Pg
1486:e
1479:t
1472:v
1001:e
994:t
987:v
973:.
961::
930:.
918::
900:.
886::
842::
792:8
718:.
670:)
666:(
660:†
657:)
653:(
647:†
644:)
640:(
634:†
603:)
599:(
595:†
456:(
90:N
80:K
75:J
70:T
65:P
60:C
55:D
50:S
45:O
40:Ꞓ
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