Courageous-class aircraft carrier

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steel shutters on rollers. Her boilers were ducted down the side of the ship to exhaust either out of gratings at the rear of the flight deck, or, when landing operations were in progress, out of the side of the lower hangar at the rear of the ship. This solution proved to be very unsatisfactory as it consumed valuable space, made parts of the lower hangar unbearable and interfered with landing operations to a greater or lesser degree. Her original flying-off deck remained in place for use by small aircraft like

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hangar level opened onto a short flying-off deck, below and forward of the main flight deck. Two slightly larger 46-by-48-foot (14.0 by 14.6 m) lifts were installed fore and aft in the flight deck. An island was added on the starboard side with the bridge, flying control station, and funnel, as an island did not create as much turbulence as had been earlier feared. By 1939 both ships could carry 34,500 imperial gallons (157,000 L; 41,400 US gal) of petrol.

1608: 1724: 1655: 26: 1433: 844: 1213:(HE) shell at a muzzle velocity of 2,387 ft/s (728 m/s) at a rate of 10 to 15 rounds per minute. The guns had a maximum ceiling of 31,000 ft (9,400 m), but an effective range of much less. The four guns on the flying-off deck were removed during trials of the lower flight deck in 1926–1927, but only two were replaced when the trials were concluded. 1533:, with and without wheels, to compare various designs of wooden and metal floats. The lower flight deck was greased to allow them to take off with a minimum of difficulty. A Flycatcher fitted with wooden skids was also tested and behaved perfectly satisfactorily. The arresting gear was barely used during these trials and it was removed shortly afterwards. Deck-edge 1254:

muzzle velocity of 2,660 ft/s (810 m/s). Against surface targets it had a range of 19,850 yd (18,150 m) and a maximum ceiling of 31,000 ft (9,400 m), but an effective anti-aircraft range of much less. Two more Mark V 2-pounder mounts were added fore and aft of the newly added island at the same time.

913:, was not intended to stop landing aircraft—the landing speeds of the time were low enough that this was unnecessary given a good headwind—but rather to prevent aircraft from veering off to one side and potentially falling off the flight deck. Various designs for the flight deck were tested in a wind tunnel by the 1699:

for permanent repairs which lasted until September 1931. Sometime in the early 1930s, transverse arresting gear was installed. She was refitted at Devonport from July 1934 to July 1935 where she received two catapults, her flight deck was extended to the rear, her quarterdeck was raised one deck and

1423:

integral to the hull, which was intended to detonate the torpedo before it hit the hull proper and deflect the underwater explosion to the surface, away from the ship. Later testing proved that it was not deep enough to accomplish its task and that it lacked the layers of empty and full compartments

941:

so that the ship could simultaneously land aircraft on the main flight deck while fighters were taking off on the lower deck and could speedily launch her aircraft from both decks. Doors at the forward end of the upper hangar opened onto the lower flying deck. Two 47-by-46-foot (14.3 by 14.0 m)

936:

hangar was built under the flight deck, each level being 15 ft (4.6 m) high. The lower hangar was 550 ft (167.6 m) long by 35–50 ft (10.7–15.2 m) wide and the upper was 520 by 50 ft (158.5 by 15.2 m). Each hangar could be sectioned off by electrically operated

1290:(23 kg) HE shell at a muzzle velocity of 2,457 ft/s (749 m/s) at a rate of 8–12 rounds per minute. The guns had a maximum ceiling of 32,000 ft (9,800 m), but an effective range of much less. They had a maximum range of 16,160 yd (14,780 m) against surface targets. 1289:

guns in single high-angle mounts. One mount was on each side of the lower flight deck and a pair were on the quarterdeck. The remaining twelve mounts were distributed along the sides of each ship. These mounts could depress to −5° and elevate to a maximum of 90°. The Mark VIII guns fired a 50-pound

1265:

light anti-aircraft (AA) guns, which replaced the single quadruple Vickers 0.50-calibre machine gun mount. The Oerlikon fired a 0.272-pound (0.123 kg) HE shell at a muzzle velocity of 2,750 ft/s (840 m/s). The maximum ceiling was 10,000 ft and the maximum range was 4,800 yd

878:

had been fitted during the First World War with a flying-off and landing deck, but the latter proved largely unusable because of the strong air currents around the superstructure and exhaust gases from the funnel. She was laid up after the war, but was converted to an aircraft carrier between June

2009:

on the 14th and remained behind after the bulk of the Home Fleet departed on 15 April, her aircraft flying reconnaissance missions until ordered home on 25 April. Her port inner turbine had been damaged by the shock wave from a near miss on 18 April, and the damage was more serious than initially

1407:

well short of the bow. The belt had a height of 23 feet (7 m), of which 18 inches (0.5 m) was below the designed waterline. From the former forward barbette, a 3-inch bulkhead extended out to the ship's side between the upper and lower decks and a comparable bulkhead was in place at the

1319:

in a single quadruple mounting. This mount could depress to −10° and elevate to a maximum of 70°. The machine guns fired a 1.326-ounce (37.6 g) bullet at a muzzle velocity of 2,520 ft/s (770 m/s). This gave the gun a maximum range of about 5,000 yd (4,600 m), although its

1253:

Mark XIX mounts. One mount each was on the former flying-off deck and the quarterdeck while the other four were mounted two per side. The Mark XIX mount could depress to −10° and elevate to a maximum of 80°. The Mark XVI gun fired fifteen to twenty 35-pound (16 kg) HE shells per minute at a

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was the same length, but had a beam of 89 ft 0.75 in (27.1 m), and an average draught of 27 ft 3 in (8.3 m) at deep load, two feet deeper than before the conversion. She displaced 22,500 long tons (22,900 t) at normal load and 26,500 long tons (26,900 t) at

996:

with a few improvements based on experience gained since she was designed. All superstructure, guns, and fittings down to the main deck were removed. A two-storey hangar, each level 16 ft (4.9 m) high and 550 ft (167.6 m) long, was built on top of the remaining hull; the upper

946:

tanks were provided for aircraft and the ship's boats on the upper deck. An additional 20,000 imperial gallons (91,000 L; 24,000 US gal) of petrol were in bulk storage. The longitudinal arresting gear proved unpopular in service and it was ordered removed in 1927 after tests aboard

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mounts for the forward 4-inch guns on the flying-off deck removed earlier. The Mark V mount could depress to −10° and elevate to a maximum of 80°. The Mark VIII 2-pounder gun fired a 1.6-inch (40 mm) 0.91-pound (0.41 kg) shell at a muzzle velocity of 1,920 ft/s (590 m/s) to a

1885:

for self-defence, as it was hoped to evacuate the RAF fighters if possible. Ten Gladiators of 263 Squadron were flown aboard during the afternoon of 7 June and the Hurricanes of 46 Squadron were also flown aboard without any significant problems in the early evening despite having a much higher

904:

s superstructure, masts, funnel and landing deck were removed and she was given a 576-by-92-foot (175.6 by 28.0 m) flight deck that extended over three-quarters of her length. This flight deck was not level; it sloped upwards about three-quarters of the way from the stern to help slow down

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The ship was reduced to reserve status on 1 July 1930 in preparation for a lengthy overhaul at Devonport from September 1930 to February 1932, focused on refitting her machinery and re-tubing her boilers. In addition her quarterdeck was raised by one deck, the AA armament was revised and water

1632:

and refitted from June to August 1930. The ship was assigned to the Atlantic and Home Fleets from 12 August 1930 to December 1938 aside from a temporary attachment to the Mediterranean Fleet in 1936. In the early 1930s, transverse arresting gear was installed and she received two hydraulic

1599:

She was given a more extensive refit from January to May 1939 that removed her 5.5-inch guns and palisades, mounted AA guns on her flying-off deck, plated in the doors at the forward end of the upper hangar, and gave her a small island on the starboard side.

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torpedo bombers and one squadron of Fairey IIIF spotters. During the Second World War, the carrier typically carried a single fighter squadron and two of strike aircraft of various types, although the mix was often adjusted for specific missions.

2045:

ordered all available space should be used for sugar bound for Britain. She reembarked her aircraft upon her arrival and made a number of air strikes on shipping in Norwegian waters and on the seaplane base at Tromsø through October 1940.

2197:, Algeria. She remained with Force H until February 1943 before transferring to Home Fleet where she remained for the rest of the war. In July the Home Fleet demonstrated off the coast of Norway in strength to distract attention from the 1549:

spraying facilities were fitted in the hangars. Upon completion she ran a full-power trial on 16 February 1932 where her maximum speed was 28.8 kn (53.3 km/h; 33.1 mph) from a total of 89,754 shp (66,930 kW).

822:

All three ships were reduced to reserve after the war. The Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 limited the signatory nations to a set amount of capital ship tonnage; all ships in excess of this figure had to be scrapped. Up to 66,000

1576:. She became a deck-landing training carrier in 1937, although she was refitted between December 1937 and May 1938 in Devonport, where the forward end of her lower flight deck was raised to make her less wet forward. During the 1266:(4,400 m) although the effective range was under 1,000 yd (910 m). The cyclic rate of fire was 450 rounds per minute, but the practical rate was between 250 and 320 rounds per minute owing to the need to reload 1555:

was recommissioned in May 1932 as part of the Home Fleet with a reduced crew before being brought up to full complement in November. Transverse arresting gear was fitted sometime during the mid-1930s. She was detached to the

670:, or at the sides of the ship if landing operations were in progress. The long ducts reduced her aircraft capacity, and the exhaust gases were as much of a problem for landing aircraft as the turbulence would have been. Her 1402:

consisted of 2 inches (51 mm) of HTS covered by a 1-inch (25 mm) thick mild steel skin. It protected roughly the middle two-thirds of the ship with a one-inch extension forward to the two-inch forward transverse

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received three quadruple Mark VII mounts, one on each side of the flying-off deck, forward of the 4.7-inch guns, and one behind the island on the flight deck (two of these were transferred from the battleship

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had to return to Scapa Flow on 27 April to refuel and embark new aircraft. She returned on 1 May, after failing to load new aircraft because of poor weather. The task force was under heavy air attack by the

1386:

was removed during their conversion to aircraft carriers. The transverse bulkheads were carried through the locations of the former barbettes. The flight deck was 0.625 inches (15.9 mm) in thickness.

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turned around after flying off her fighters and reached Gibraltar successfully. She loaded another batch of 32 Spitfires on 16 August and they were flown off the following day south-east of the

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former location of the rear barbette as well. Four decks were armoured with thicknesses varying from 0.75–3 inches (19–76 mm), thickest over the magazines and the steering gear. After the

1037:. These were increases of 9 ft 6 in (2.9 m) in beam and over 2 ft (0.6 m) in draught compared to their earlier incarnations as battlecruisers. They displaced 24,210 2208:

s role was to allow a German reconnaissance aircraft to spot the British ships and make a report then shoot it down. She was refitted in August and spent the rest of the year training.

1131:). No significant changes to the machinery were made during the conversion process to any of the three ships, but their increased displacement reduced their speed to approximately 30 2107:

and the two carriers flew off their fighters from a position south of Sardinia. She would repeat this ferry mission three more times from June to September 1941. In July and August,

650:, already partially converted during the war, began her reconstruction in 1921, before the Treaty came into effect. In an attempt to minimise air turbulence, she was given no 5946: 2084:

reached Takoradi on 10 January 1941. She arrived in Britain on 5 February where she was given a brief refit. She made another ferry trip to Takoradi between 4 and 22 March.

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of 2,790 ft/s (850 m/s). Their maximum range was 16,000 yards (15,000 m) at their maximum elevation of 25°, and the rate of fire was 12 rounds per minute.

4222: 3220: 1541:) were installed in 1927 to keep aircraft from blowing over the side in rough weather. The first carrier night-landing was made by a Blackburn Dart on 6 May 1926 aboard 2005:

joined the Home Fleet off the coast of Norway on 10 April 1940 and her Swordfish made several attacks on German ships in Narvik on the following days. She refuelled at

4215: 1320:

effective range was only 800 yd (730 m). Neither ship had any further guns added before they were sunk early in the war, in 1939 and 1940, respectively.

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deep load, over 3,000 long tons more than her previous displacement of 19,513 long tons (19,826 t) at load and 22,890 long tons (23,260 t) at deep load.

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lifts (elevators) were installed to transfer aircraft between the flight deck and hangars. Two 600-imperial-gallon (2,700 L; 720 US gal) ready-use

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was designed with a pair of 18-inch (457 mm) guns—as opposed to four 15-inch (381 mm)—but was modified while being built to hold a flying-off deck and

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attacked German installations in the Arctic areas of Norway and Finland with limited success and heavy losses. Following her last ferry mission she was sent to

1963:

remained on training duties, combined with anti-submarine sweeps off the east coast of Scotland. She was then assigned to the Home Fleet to replace the sunken

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in April 1945 and used to evaluate the effects of aircraft explosives on the ship's structure. She was sold in 1948 for scrap, which was completed in 1954 at

1675:

was recommissioned on 24 February 1930 for service with the Mediterranean Fleet, but was attached to the Home Fleet from March to June 1930. She relieved

2239:

was hit 14 times and needed three months to complete her repairs, although four aircraft were lost in the attack. The Home Fleet tried another attack on

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on the lower deck while the 4-inch guns had their mechanical computers next to their directors. The existing fire-control directors were removed when

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amidships while steaming at 16 kn (30 km/h; 18 mph). The impact crumpled 60 ft (18.3 m) of the flying-off deck and forced

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was initially fitted only with low-angle directors for her guns, but these were replaced by dual-purpose directors when she was refitted in 1930. (

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s long exhaust ducting hampered landing operations, and restricted the size of the hangars and thus the number of aircraft that she could carry.

2071: 2175:, and she arrived on 27 October. She loaded 32 Spitfires and launched them on the 29th before returning to Gibraltar to participate in Torch. 914: 1361: 917:

which showed that the distinctive elliptical shape and rounded edges minimised turbulence. To minimise any turbulence over the flight deck,

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had been designed and incorporated an island with a funnel, increasing their aircraft capacity by one-third and making it safer to land.

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s metacentric height was 3.6 ft (1.1 m) at deep load, a reduction of 1.48 ft (0.5 m) after her conversion. In 1932,

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after commissioning in 1925, although she spent much of the next several years conducting trials for practically every aircraft in the

2247:, but found a German convoy instead and sank three ships. Three operations against targets in northern Norway, including two against 1897:

requested and was granted permission to proceed independently to Scapa Flow in the early hours of 8 June. On the way back across the

2243:

later in the month, but bad weather prevented any attack from being made. Instead the aircraft attempted to attack installations at

3300: 697:

was extensively used to evaluate aircraft handling and landing procedures, including the first-ever carrier night landing in 1926.

5936: 811:. She made some patrols in the North Sea before her rear turret was removed and another flight deck added. Her aircraft attacked 1628:

was recommissioned on 21 February 1928 and assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet from May 1928 to June 1930. She was relieved by

951:

in 1926 had shown that deck-edge palisades were effective in reducing cross-deck gusts that could blow aircraft over the side.

628:. While very fast, their minimal armour and few guns limited their long-term utility in the post-war Royal Navy, and they were 2144: 926: 4852: 3525: 3027: 2948: 2099:. She returned for another load of Hurricanes and arrived back in Gibraltar on 18 May. Some of these fighters were moved to 1045:) at normal load and 26,990 long tons (27,420 t) at deep load, increases of over 3,000 long tons (3,000 t). Their 3553: 1803:

arrived off central Norway on 24 April where 263 Squadron was flown off and their organic aircraft attacked targets in the

1419:

were increased during building from 0.75–1.5 in (38 mm) in thickness. All three ships were fitted with a shallow

1341: 1230:

s September 1930 – February 1932 refit, her anti-aircraft outfit was changed by the substitution of two 8-barrel 2-pounder

658:. This was not entirely satisfactory, and a small island was added in 1939. Another problem was that she lacked a standard 1144:

s fuel capacity was increased by 700 long tons (710 t) during her reconstruction, which increased her range to 7,480

655: 5482: 2251:, had to be abandoned or diverted to other targets in May, but three German ships were sunk and two more were set afire. 1494:

were generally similar except that they carried a total of 48 aircraft. They commonly flew the same types of aircraft as

879:

1921 and September 1925. Her design was based on the very limited experience gained with the first two British carriers:

2014:

returned on 18 May carrying the Gladiators of a reformed 263 Squadron; they were flown off on 21 May once their base at

4668: 3198: 1645:

mounts. She was also present at the 1937 Coronation Fleet Review. She became a training carrier in December 1938 when

5926: 5039: 4675: 4050: 3670: 3161: 3131: 3112: 3008: 2986: 2967: 1111:

small-tube boilers equally divided among three boiler rooms. The turbines were designed to produce a total of 90,000

792: 1451:

could carry only about 36 aircraft. In the 1920s this commonly meant one flight (squadrons after 1932) of fighters (

5635: 5574: 4831: 4682: 4617: 4448: 3629: 3587: 3560: 3511: 2171:

was sent back to Home Fleet for training. One last mission was necessary to reinforce the defences of Malta before

2070:

was back in Liverpool, where she embarked 40 Hurricanes for Takoradi. She sailed on 21 December and joined up with

1767: 4737: 4730: 3758: 3751: 3331: 1522: 1190:

guns, five on each side, for self-defence from enemy warships. They fired 82-pound (37 kg) projectiles at a

1148:(13,850 km; 8,610 mi) at a speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). The maximum fuel capacity of 3038: 2263:

were made in August, but only the attack on the 24th was even partially successful as two minor hits were made.

5048: 4744: 4156: 4131: 4059: 4036: 4029: 3705: 3663: 3229: 1996: 763: 629: 614: 1209:. They had a maximum depression of −5° and a maximum elevation of 80°. The guns fired a 31-pound (14 kg) 5673: 5523: 5516: 5444: 5194: 5129: 5018: 5004: 4978: 4785: 4330: 4146: 4106: 3817: 3772: 2096: 2075: 2030: 1918: 1286: 331: 225: 202: 2041:

from Halifax and ferried over almost 50 aircraft, spare parts and munitions. On his own initiative, Captain

1337: 850:

as she was during the First World War with separate take-off and landing decks and superstructure in between

747: 5643: 5134: 4971: 4811: 4778: 4689: 4325: 4101: 4043: 3643: 3490: 1986: 1739: 1374:, completed later, had hers from the beginning.) Neither ship was fitted with radar before its early loss. 1187: 1049:

declined from 6 ft (1.8 m) at deep load to 4.4 ft (1.3 m) and the ships had a complete

625: 514: 5601: 1738:

were formed around the fleet aircraft carriers to find and destroy U-boats. On 17 September 1939, U-boat

1235:

distance of 3,800 yards (3,500 m). The gun's rate of fire was approximately 96–98 rounds per minute.

5734: 4610: 4136: 3712: 3608: 3497: 2059: 1933:

was being flown, no aircraft were spotted on the deck for quick take off and there was no lookout in the

1924: 1752:

had been surprised by a near-miss seven days earlier, the fleet carriers were withdrawn from this duty.

1679:

in the Mediterranean Fleet in June 1930 and remained there until October 1939. In a fog on 1 April 1931

1352:, were mounted on top of the new island and on the former lower flight deck. Over the course of the war 1348:

received her new dual-purpose 4-inch mountings in 1939. New high-angle directors, including two for the

5896: 5475: 4886: 4792: 4141: 3698: 3636: 3579: 3546: 3324: 2062:, on 15 November where the aircraft were flown off on 27 November to reinforce fighter units defending 1246: 1210: 835:-class ships due to their high speed. Each ship was reconstructed with a flight deck during the 1920s. 2103:

via planks between the flight decks of the carriers berthed stern to stern. This time she accompanied

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resumed her training duties after the completion of the refit and continued them until October 1939.

1395: 1261:, the only surviving ship of the three, received an eventual total of 22 manually operated automatic 831:) of existing ships could be converted into aircraft carriers, and the Royal Navy decided to use the 736: 3316: 725:

participated in many major operations during the war, including the Norwegian campaign in 1940, the

5719: 5560: 5456: 5189: 5174: 5104: 5075: 5070: 4838: 4376: 4270: 4183: 4178: 4173: 4151: 4096: 4091: 4086: 4081: 3974: 3933: 3677: 3601: 3567: 1312:

received three octuple Mark VI mounts in the same locations. Both ships received four water-cooled

1303: 1198: 521: 2259:

on 17 July, but were unsuccessful against the fully alerted German defences. Four more attacks on

1886:

landing speed than the biplanes. This was the first time that high performance monoplanes without

1849: 1529:(FAA) inventory. These included landing and flying-off tests of Fairey IIID and Fairey Flycatcher 5648: 5613: 5584: 5567: 5280: 5169: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5080: 4845: 4335: 4236: 4190: 4121: 3960: 3926: 3622: 3615: 1313: 1107:

s propellers were 11 ft 6 in (3.5 m) in diameter. The turbines were powered by 18

637: 1783:

was recalled to the Home Fleet in April 1940 to provide air cover for British forces landing in

1273:

A mix of single-purpose anti-surface and anti-aircraft guns in various sizes was considered for

5794: 5377: 5363: 5336: 5315: 5184: 5179: 4701: 4126: 4111: 3988: 3981: 3912: 3898: 3744: 3518: 3483: 2042: 2022: 1882: 1878: 1833: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1217: 5910: 5844: 5830: 5775: 5756: 5579: 5468: 5463: 5257: 5252: 5219: 5011: 4964: 4957: 4913: 4859: 4511: 4161: 4116: 3967: 3919: 3870: 3863: 3836: 3792: 3765: 3463: 3177: 3058: 2015: 1708:

also participated in the 1937 Coronation Fleet Review before returning to the Mediterranean.

1412:, 110 long tons (110 t) of extra protection was added to the deck around the magazines. 1262: 1202: 1120: 1877:

arrived off the coast on 2 June to provide support. She carried only nine Sea Gladiators of

5808: 5768: 5749: 5707: 5702: 5668: 5553: 5509: 5301: 5287: 5224: 5139: 5085: 4920: 4543: 4538: 4441: 4358: 4305: 4284: 4277: 4002: 3995: 3940: 3905: 3856: 3730: 3539: 3386: 2152: 2112: 1937:. The German heavy ships sank all three British vessels with most of their crews, although 1894: 1792: 1777:

remained in the Indian Ocean until December when she was transferred to the Mediterranean.

1404: 905:

landing aircraft, which had no brakes at the time it was designed. That era's fore-and-aft

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them, the Navy decided to convert them to aircraft carriers as permitted under the Treaty.

548: 358: 1651:

joined the Home Fleet and continued on that duty until the start of the Second World War.

8: 5729: 5714: 5502: 5417: 5389: 5356: 5322: 5308: 5214: 5090: 4950: 4504: 3891: 3884: 3877: 3829: 3737: 3400: 3379: 3256: 2129: 2091:

transported two dozen Hurricanes to Gibraltar on 25 April where they were transferred to

1841: 1826: 1735: 1557: 1456: 1333: 1267: 1108: 666:

uptakes ran along the sides of the ship and exhausted out of gratings on the rear of the

602: 3228: 3189: 2266:

As the war progressed, the ship's age and limitations became increasingly apparent, and

1112: 988:

on 14 February 1924. The latter was moved to Devonport to complete the conversion after

640:

and were included in the total amount of tonnage allowed to the Royal Navy. Rather than

451: 270: 5787: 5724: 5681: 5653: 5625: 5229: 4997: 4990: 4925: 4797: 4661: 4497: 4490: 4483: 4478: 4471: 3504: 3449: 3442: 3428: 3365: 3089: 2232: 2148: 1976: 1869: 1823: 1788: 1784: 1646: 1420: 1168: 1160:, giving them an endurance of 6,630 nmi (12,280 km; 7,630 mi) at 10 kn. 1046: 714: 102: 1981:

in Scapa Flow for more futile searches for German ships on 13 October, the day before

768: 5837: 5744: 5620: 5384: 5329: 5294: 5234: 5124: 4866: 4723: 4353: 4298: 4291: 4248: 3848: 3421: 3157: 3137: 3127: 3108: 3077: 3023: 3004: 2982: 2963: 2944: 2927: 1930: 1634: 1452: 1409: 1282: 742:

and other targets in Norway in 1944. The ship was worn out by 1944 and was placed in

701:

became the first warship lost by the Royal Navy in the Second World War when she was

334: 1340:

for low-angle and high-angle guns. The 5.5-inch guns were centrally controlled by a

854: 5801: 5782: 5370: 5097: 4764: 4654: 4639: 4208: 4022: 3691: 3435: 3393: 3357: 3353: 3285: 2212: 2164: 2063: 1912: 1906: 1837: 1804: 1596:, before resuming her training duties after the peaceful conclusion of the affair. 1480: 1440: 1416: 1250: 938: 886: 873: 596: 588: 554: 364: 181: 115: 89: 3149: 2006: 1748:

became the first British warship sunk to enemy action in the Second World War. As

5763: 5494: 5424: 5410: 5403: 5031: 4945: 4716: 4709: 4166: 4014: 3824: 3722: 3456: 3414: 2996: 2172: 1507: 1503: 1191: 1097: 1026: 880: 731: 2018:

was ready. She sailed to Scapa Flow once all the Gladiators had been flown off.

686:

neared completion. They drew upon the experience gained by the Royal Navy since

5663: 5396: 5275: 4756: 4530: 4520: 3684: 3076:. Warship Profile. Vol. 24. Windsor, Berkshire, UK: Profile Publications. 2926:. Warship Profile. Vol. 35. Windsor, Berkshire, UK: Profile Publications. 1934: 1845: 1696: 1468: 1398:

steel (HTS), a type of steel used structurally in other ships. Their waterline

1353: 1184: 1128: 1022: 977: 906: 651: 621: 288: 232: 2244: 1238:

The 5.5-inch (140 mm) and 4-inch (102 mm) guns were replaced during

5920: 5697: 5658: 4937: 4905: 4878: 4466: 3952: 3804: 3784: 3655: 1861: 1577: 1526: 1476: 1472: 1145: 1124: 1093: 1080:

had a complement of 738 officers and ratings, plus 468 men in her air group.

1050: 1005: 751: 743: 726: 659: 641: 492: 311: 264: 3141: 3081: 2931: 1092:-class ships were the first large warships in the Royal Navy to have geared 5267: 4771: 4458: 4200: 3407: 3263: 2118: 1565: 1205:

guns. Four were mounted on the sides of the flying-off deck and two on the

1096:. Arranged in two engine rooms, each of the turbines drove one of the four 1058: 1030: 816: 633: 608: 3154:

Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two

5815: 5436: 4317: 3475: 3372: 1829: 1723: 1499: 1316: 1206: 1156:

was increased during the conversion to 3,800 long tons (3,900 t) of

1132: 859: 671: 667: 542: 480: 352: 299: 2186: 2147:. In August she was detailed to accompany the convoy bound for Malta in 1867:

British forces were ordered withdrawn a few days later. The evacuation (

1654: 25: 4823: 3001:

British Carrier Aviation: The Evolution of the Ships and Their Aircraft

1967:

and sortied on 8 October with the fleet to hunt unsuccessfully for the

1641:

was refitted again between October 1935 and June 1936 and received her

1593: 1530: 1464: 1460: 1399: 1293:

During refits in the mid-1930s, both ships received multiple 2-pounder

804: 718: 592: 536: 495:(13,850 km; 8,610 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) 346: 314:(12,280 km; 7,630 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) 79: 4632: 3156:(Third Revised ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. 3103:

Nailer, Roger (1990). "Aircraft to Malta". In Gardiner, Robert (ed.).

1607: 5535: 5348: 5062: 4368: 4073: 3346: 3050: 3049:(1). International Naval Research Organization: 47–62. Archived from 2228: 2143:

arrived back in the UK in April 1942 and spent the next three months

2051: 1898: 1852:

was not yet ready for the Hurricanes and they were still aboard when

1813: 1573: 1538: 1360:

were mounted on top of the high-angle directors. She also received a

1285:, but was ultimately rejected for a dual-purpose armament of sixteen 1034: 892: 788: 209: 43: 5244: 4893: 3532: 2399: 2271: 2190: 2080:

on 25 December. The German ship was driven off by the escorts, and

2055: 1887: 1569: 1534: 1390:

Unlike other British battlecruisers, the bulk of the armour of the

1383: 1157: 1116: 1038: 824: 812: 808: 455: 397: 274: 194: 891:, which had carried out only 143 deck landings during preliminary 5206: 4345: 2038: 2034: 1692: 1432: 702: 3107:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 151–165. 2151:, but she was to sail with them only far enough to allow her 38 1971:

and escorting ships which had been spotted off southern Norway.

843: 2037:. On 1 July she escorted a convoy of Canadian troops bound for 985: 943: 933: 800: 706: 663: 2275: 1357: 1042: 828: 401: 198: 2943:(2nd ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. 2194: 1995:

served as the flagship for the convoy bringing most of the

1795:

were flown aboard to be transferred to Norwegian airbases.

3074:

HMS Furious/Aircraft Carrier 1917–1948: Part II: 1925–1948

1424:

that were necessary to absorb the force of the explosion.

693:

As the first large carrier completed by the Royal Navy,

1328:

To assist its weapon systems in hitting their target,

5894: 3039:"The Loss of HMS Glorious: An Analysis of the Action" 5947:

World War II aircraft carriers of the United Kingdom

2270:

was placed in reserve on 15 September 1944. She was

2255:

and other carriers made another attempt to sink the

5942:

World War I aircraft carriers of the United Kingdom

1873:) began in the north on the night of 3/4 June, and 1773:in the Indian Ocean. They were not successful, and 1471:). In 1935 there was one squadron of fighters with 4633:British naval ship classes of the Second World War 1864:area on 26 May and the Hurricanes were flown off. 721:in June as she sailed home with a minimal escort. 682:, began their conversions to aircraft carriers as 3347:British naval ship classes of the First World War 1498:, although they are also known to have flown the 245:90 ft 6 in (27.6 m) (at waterline) 5918: 2087:Now with a new destination for her ferry trips, 3126:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. 3022:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. 3003:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. 2981:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. 2962:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. 1975:departed her berth adjacent to the battleship 925:; instead she was provided with a retractable 4618: 3332: 3214: 1029:of 90 ft 6 in (27.6 m), and a 419:735 ft 2.25 in (224.1 m) (p/p) 3094:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3063:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2364: 2362: 2178:Providing cover for the Central Task Force, 1881:and six Fairey Swordfish torpedo bombers of 1637:on the upper flight deck before March 1934. 921:was flush-decked and lacked an island, like 757: 3306:List of aircraft carriers of the Royal Navy 1917:, were found by the two German battleships 1025:of 786 ft 9 in (239.8 m), a 909:, initially 320 feet (97.5 m) long on 4625: 4611: 3339: 3325: 3221: 3207: 3194:as both battlecruiser and aircraft carrier 1695:for temporary repairs. She had to sail to 968:were converted to aircraft carriers after 422:786 ft 9 in (239.8 m) (o/a) 3037:Howland, Vernon W., Captain, RCN (1994). 2359: 2132:being brought up onto the flight deck of 1323: 3301:List of battlecruisers of the Royal Navy 2995: 2976: 2185:s aircraft neutralised the airfields at 2123: 1890:had been landed on an aircraft carrier. 1816:all day and was withdrawn that evening. 1744:struck the ship with two torpedoes, and 1722: 1653: 1606: 1431: 1167: 1004: 992:was finished. Their design was based on 853: 842: 767: 717:in 1940, but she was sunk by two German 224:735 ft 1.5 in (224.1 m) ( 3121: 3071: 3036: 2909:Rohwer, pp. 314, 320, 322, 343, 350–351 1467:D) and two flights of torpedo bombers ( 929:at the forward end of the flight deck. 5919: 3148: 3102: 3020:The Battle for Norway: April–June 1940 2471: 2469: 2467: 2465: 2463: 2453: 2451: 2376: 2374: 2155:to reach Malta. This she did, just as 1945:before she was sunk. Only 43 men from 746:status in September 1944 before being 231:786 ft 9 in (239.8 m) ( 5879:Laid down and completed after the war 4606: 3320: 3202: 3017: 2921: 2896: 2894: 2695: 2693: 2674: 2672: 2518: 2516: 2514: 2512: 2510: 2508: 2441: 2439: 2429: 2427: 2425: 1580:in September 1938, she embarked Nos. 1382:Little armour other than that of the 1057:had a complement of 807 officers and 862:unsuccessfully attempting to land on 2960:British Battleships of World War One 2957: 2938: 1183:retained ten of her original eleven 1119:) at a working pressure of 235 869:s forward flight deck, 7 August 1917 795:in November 1917. Their half-sister 632:after the war. They were considered 587:, was the first multi-ship class of 16:Multi-ship class of aircraft carrier 4565:One or more completed after the war 2774: 2711: 2460: 2448: 2371: 1711: 13: 5932:Courageous-class aircraft carriers 3072:Jenkins, C. A., Commander (1972). 2891: 2690: 2669: 2505: 2436: 2422: 2021:On 14 June, carrying only half of 1905:and her two escorting destroyers, 1513: 1439:in the mid-1930s with a flight of 779:The first two ships of the class, 208:26,990 long tons (27,420 t) ( 14: 5958: 3171: 1999:to Britain in mid-December 1939. 1844:. The Walruses were flown off to 1245:s refit in early 1939 by a dozen 1061:, plus 403 men in her air group. 885:, less than three years old, and 793:Second Battle of Heligoland Bight 471:4 shafts, 4 geared steam turbines 440:27 ft 3 in (8.3 m) 5904: 1766:, was organised to hunt for the 407:26,500 long tons (26,900 t) 355:: 0.75–1 in (19–25 mm) 72: 24: 2903: 2882: 2873: 2864: 2855: 2846: 2837: 2828: 2819: 2810: 2801: 2792: 2783: 2765: 2756: 2747: 2738: 2729: 2720: 2702: 2681: 2660: 2651: 2642: 2633: 2624: 2615: 2606: 2597: 2588: 2579: 2570: 2561: 2552: 2543: 2534: 2525: 2496: 2487: 2478: 2413: 2404: 2392: 2383: 2223:attacked the German battleship 1463:), one spotter reconnaissance ( 1223:were installed by 1927. During 787:, spent the First World War on 735:in 1942, and airstrikes on the 557:: 1–1.5 in (25–38 mm) 545:: .75–1 in (19–25 mm) 367:: 1–1.5 in (25–38 mm) 5937:Ship classes of the Royal Navy 2941:British Battleships, 1919–1939 2350: 2341: 2332: 2323: 2314: 2305: 2296: 2287: 2010:thought. After quick repairs, 1997:1st Canadian Infantry Division 1768:German pocket battleship 1734:In the early days of the war, 1564:was present at the Coronation 1172:One of the 5.5-inch guns from 1033:of 28 ft (8.5 m) at 1000: 980:starting on 29 June 1924, and 838: 764:Courageous-class battlecruiser 705:in September 1939 by a German 613:—were originally laid down as 1: 2979:Naval Weapons of World War II 2915: 2054:on 7 November and sailed for 2033:carrying £18,000,000 in gold 1856:returned to Scapa on 21 May. 1716: 1662: 1615: 1427: 1377: 1336:for each side, with separate 1257:During the Second World War, 1135:(56 km/h; 35 mph). 1083: 551:: 2–3 in (51–76 mm) 539:: 2–3 in (51–76 mm) 361:: 2–3 in (51–76 mm) 349:: 2–3 in (51–76 mm) 5644:Harbour defence motor launch 1822:returned on 18 May with six 915:National Physical Laboratory 7: 4571:Grouping of several classes 4559:All completed after the war 3580:Pre-dreadnought battleships 2717:Burt 2012, pp. 285–286, 290 2540:Burt 2012, pp. 268–269, 276 1755: 1394:-class ships was made from 1201:guns replaced her original 1176:, redeployed in the Faeroes 1163: 483:(56 km/h; 35 mph) 302:(56 km/h; 35 mph) 10: 5963: 5824:Merchant aircraft carriers 4015:Destroyer flotilla leaders 2368:Friedman, pp. 103, 105–106 2121:, Pennsylvania, to refit. 1952: 1700:she received her multiple 1560:from May to October 1934. 972:began her reconstruction, 791:patrols, climaxing in the 761: 503:738 + 468 air group (1932) 322:814 + 403 air group (1938) 253:27.75 ft (8.5 m) 5854: 5690: 5634: 5534: 5493: 5435: 5347: 5266: 5243: 5205: 5061: 5030: 4936: 4904: 4877: 4822: 4755: 4700: 4638: 4552: 4529: 4457: 4367: 4344: 4316: 4247: 4199: 4072: 4013: 3951: 3847: 3803: 3783: 3721: 3654: 3578: 3474: 3352: 3296: 3274: 3246: 2621:Roberts, pp. 54, 106, 113 2199:Allied invasion of Sicily 1342:Dreyer Fire-Control Table 758:Careers as battlecruisers 636:by the terms of the 1922 515:5.5 in (140 mm) 382:General characteristics ( 381: 332:4.7 in (120 mm) 165:General characteristics ( 164: 51: 23: 5927:Aircraft carrier classes 3240:-class aircraft carriers 3018:Haarr, Geirr H. (2010). 2281: 2025:for her own protection, 1592:and joined the fleet at 1572:on 20 May 1937 for King 1443:torpedo bombers overhead 432:88 ft (26.8 m) 5873:Completed after the war 5838:Armed merchant cruisers 5649:Fairmile B motor launch 4702:Light aircraft carriers 3476:Dreadnought battleships 2977:Campbell, John (1985). 2834:Haarr, pp. 139–141, 261 2612:Burt 1986, pp. 308, 313 2603:Burt 2012, pp. 273, 282 2576:Burt 2012, pp. 157, 286 2410:Burt 2012, pp. 266, 273 2389:Burt 2012, pp. 283, 285 1332:was completed with one 803:in lieu of her forward 737:German battleship 638:Washington Naval Treaty 580:, sometimes called the 522:4 in (102 mm) 335:anti-aircraft (AA) guns 5845:Ocean boarding vessels 5831:Fighter catapult ships 3122:Roberts, John (1997). 2726:Burt 2012, pp. 285–288 2648:Burt 2012, pp. 270–272 2594:Burt 2012, pp. 285–286 2347:Burt 2012, pp. 264–265 2311:Burt 2012, pp. 263–267 2137: 2074:which encountered the 2050:loaded 55 aircraft in 2029:sailed unescorted for 1959:Until 2 October 1939, 1848:, but the airfield in 1731: 1669: 1622: 1444: 1324:Fire control and radar 1177: 1014: 870: 851: 776: 3233:-class battlecruisers 3043:Warship International 2922:Brown, David (1973). 2231:, Norway, as part of 2167:. After this mission 2153:Supermarine Spitfires 2127: 1850:Skånland Municipality 1726: 1657: 1610: 1435: 1314:0.50-calibre Mark III 1287:QF 4.7-inch Mark VIII 1247:QF 4-inch Mk XVI guns 1171: 1008: 857: 846: 771: 750:in 1945 and sold for 618:-class battlecruisers 5783:Submarine depot ship 5677:-class river gunboat 5669:Insect-class gunboat 4587:Single ship of class 2958:Burt, R. A. (1986). 2939:Burt, R. A. (2012). 2888:Jenkins, pp. 284–285 2708:Jenkins, pp. 277–278 2687:Jenkins, pp. 275–276 2095:to be flown off for 2031:Halifax, Nova Scotia 1793:No. 263 Squadron RAF 1736:hunter-killer groups 1521:was assigned to the 1455:), two of spotters ( 1021:-class ships had an 713:participated in the 2879:Nailer, pp. 164–165 2852:Nailer, pp. 154–155 2558:Campbell, pp. 75–76 2531:Campbell, pp. 71–74 2419:Roberts, pp. 71, 76 2356:Friedman, pp. 94–95 2338:Friedman, pp. 93–95 2159:was torpedoed, but 2130:Supermarine Seafire 1941:managed to torpedo 1842:No. 46 Squadron RAF 1762:Force J, including 1558:Mediterranean Fleet 1457:Blackburn Blackburn 1334:fire-control system 1263:20 mm Oerlikon 287:4 shafts; 4 geared 34:(right) and either 5682:Type Two 63 ft HSL 5654:Motor torpedo boat 5040:Thornycroft type ( 3849:Protected cruisers 3190:Photo gallery for 2789:Haarr, pp. 329–330 2771:Haarr, pp. 308–310 2762:Haarr, pp. 261–262 2753:Haarr, pp. 143–154 2380:Roberts, pp. 64–65 2233:Operation Tungsten 2149:Operation Pedestal 2138: 2066:. By 15 December, 1870:Operation Alphabet 1824:Supermarine Walrus 1789:Gloster Gladiators 1732: 1670: 1623: 1479:, one squadron of 1445: 1421:anti-torpedo bulge 1364:air-search radar. 1178: 1064:Their half-sister 1047:metacentric height 1015: 871: 852: 777: 775:as a battlecruiser 715:Norwegian campaign 595:. The three ships— 591:to serve with the 5892: 5891: 5764:Seaplane carriers 5032:Destroyer leaders 4640:Aircraft carriers 4600: 4599: 3760:Duke of Edinburgh 3723:Armoured cruisers 3358:Seaplane carriers 3314: 3313: 3178:Photo gallery of 3029:978-1-59114-051-1 2950:978-1-59114-052-8 2900:Burt 2012, p. 277 2744:Burt 2012, p. 285 2678:Burt 2012, p. 270 2639:Burt 2012, p. 284 2493:Burt 2012, p. 267 2475:Burt 2012, p. 276 2457:Burt 2012, p. 283 2320:Burt 2012, p. 252 2213:Fairey Barracudas 2211:On 3 April 1944, 1931:combat air patrol 1895:Guy D'Oyly-Hughes 1860:came back to the 1838:Hawker Hurricanes 1770:Admiral Graf Spee 1453:Fairey Flycatcher 1417:torpedo bulkheads 1410:Battle of Jutland 815:sheds during the 589:aircraft carriers 571: 570: 555:Torpedo bulkheads 461:18 Yarrow boilers 365:Torpedo bulkheads 99:Succeeded by 5954: 5909: 5908: 5907: 5900: 5049:Admiralty type ( 4627: 4620: 4613: 4604: 4603: 4051:Thornycroft (or 3341: 3334: 3327: 3318: 3317: 3223: 3216: 3209: 3200: 3199: 3167: 3145: 3118: 3099: 3093: 3085: 3068: 3062: 3054: 3033: 3014: 2997:Friedman, Norman 2992: 2973: 2954: 2935: 2910: 2907: 2901: 2898: 2889: 2886: 2880: 2877: 2871: 2868: 2862: 2859: 2853: 2850: 2844: 2841: 2835: 2832: 2826: 2823: 2817: 2814: 2808: 2805: 2799: 2796: 2790: 2787: 2781: 2778: 2772: 2769: 2763: 2760: 2754: 2751: 2745: 2742: 2736: 2733: 2727: 2724: 2718: 2715: 2709: 2706: 2700: 2697: 2688: 2685: 2679: 2676: 2667: 2664: 2658: 2655: 2649: 2646: 2640: 2637: 2631: 2628: 2622: 2619: 2613: 2610: 2604: 2601: 2595: 2592: 2586: 2583: 2577: 2574: 2568: 2565: 2559: 2556: 2550: 2547: 2541: 2538: 2532: 2529: 2523: 2522:Friedman, p. 109 2520: 2503: 2500: 2494: 2491: 2485: 2482: 2476: 2473: 2458: 2455: 2446: 2445:Friedman, p. 363 2443: 2434: 2431: 2420: 2417: 2411: 2408: 2402: 2396: 2390: 2387: 2381: 2378: 2369: 2366: 2357: 2354: 2348: 2345: 2339: 2336: 2330: 2327: 2321: 2318: 2312: 2309: 2303: 2300: 2294: 2291: 2207: 2184: 2165:Balearic Islands 1712:Second World War 1667: 1664: 1620: 1617: 1481:Blackburn Baffin 1441:Blackburn Baffin 1244: 1229: 1199:QF 4-inch Mark V 1188:BL 5.5-inch Mk I 1143: 1113:shaft horsepower 1106: 1098:propeller shafts 1075: 957: 903: 868: 564:Aircraft carried 374:Aircraft carried 182:Aircraft carrier 78: 76: 75: 28: 21: 20: 5962: 5961: 5957: 5956: 5955: 5953: 5952: 5951: 5917: 5916: 5915: 5905: 5903: 5895: 5893: 5888: 5850: 5686: 5630: 5530: 5489: 5431: 5419:Southern Prince 5343: 5262: 5239: 5201: 5057: 5026: 4932: 4900: 4873: 4833:Queen Elizabeth 4818: 4806:Pretoria Castle 4757:Escort carriers 4751: 4696: 4634: 4631: 4601: 4596: 4577:converted from 4548: 4525: 4453: 4363: 4340: 4312: 4243: 4195: 4068: 4009: 3947: 3843: 3799: 3779: 3717: 3650: 3631:King Edward VII 3589:Royal Sovereign 3574: 3562:Queen Elizabeth 3470: 3348: 3345: 3315: 3310: 3292: 3270: 3242: 3227: 3174: 3164: 3134: 3115: 3087: 3086: 3056: 3055: 3053:on 22 May 2001. 3030: 3011: 2989: 2970: 2951: 2918: 2913: 2908: 2904: 2899: 2892: 2887: 2883: 2878: 2874: 2870:Jenkins, p. 284 2869: 2865: 2860: 2856: 2851: 2847: 2843:Jenkins, p. 283 2842: 2838: 2833: 2829: 2825:Jenkins, p. 279 2824: 2820: 2816:Jenkins, p. 277 2815: 2811: 2806: 2802: 2797: 2793: 2788: 2784: 2779: 2775: 2770: 2766: 2761: 2757: 2752: 2748: 2743: 2739: 2735:Rohwer, pp. 1–3 2734: 2730: 2725: 2721: 2716: 2712: 2707: 2703: 2699:Jenkins, p. 276 2698: 2691: 2686: 2682: 2677: 2670: 2666:Jenkins, p. 274 2665: 2661: 2657:Jenkins, p. 271 2656: 2652: 2647: 2643: 2638: 2634: 2630:Roberts, p. 111 2629: 2625: 2620: 2616: 2611: 2607: 2602: 2598: 2593: 2589: 2585:Campbell, p. 78 2584: 2580: 2575: 2571: 2567:Campbell, p. 51 2566: 2562: 2557: 2553: 2549:Campbell, p. 56 2548: 2544: 2539: 2535: 2530: 2526: 2521: 2506: 2502:Campbell, p. 58 2501: 2497: 2492: 2488: 2484:Campbell, p. 40 2483: 2479: 2474: 2461: 2456: 2449: 2444: 2437: 2433:Friedman, p. 95 2432: 2423: 2418: 2414: 2409: 2405: 2398:Jenkins, front 2397: 2393: 2388: 2384: 2379: 2372: 2367: 2360: 2355: 2351: 2346: 2342: 2337: 2333: 2328: 2324: 2319: 2315: 2310: 2306: 2302:Friedman, p. 97 2301: 2297: 2293:Roberts, p. 123 2292: 2288: 2284: 2205: 2182: 2173:Operation Torch 1991:in Scapa Flow. 1957: 1760: 1721: 1714: 1665: 1618: 1516: 1514:Pre-war service 1508:Blackburn Ripon 1504:Blackburn Shark 1430: 1380: 1326: 1305:Royal Sovereign 1242: 1227: 1192:muzzle velocity 1166: 1141: 1104: 1086: 1073: 1009:Aerial view of 1003: 955: 901: 866: 841: 766: 760: 732:Operation Torch 662:; instead, her 626:First World War 620:as part of the 445:Installed power 258:Installed power 73: 71: 47: 30:Aerial view of 17: 12: 11: 5: 5960: 5950: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5914: 5913: 5911:United Kingdom 5890: 5889: 5887: 5886: 5883: 5880: 5877: 5874: 5871: 5868: 5865: 5862: 5861:American built 5859: 5855: 5852: 5851: 5849: 5848: 5841: 5834: 5827: 5820: 5813: 5806: 5799: 5792: 5785: 5780: 5773: 5766: 5761: 5754: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5705: 5700: 5694: 5692: 5688: 5687: 5685: 5684: 5679: 5671: 5666: 5664:Steam gun boat 5661: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5640: 5638: 5632: 5631: 5629: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5611: 5606: 5599: 5594: 5589: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5565: 5558: 5551: 5546: 5540: 5538: 5532: 5531: 5529: 5528: 5521: 5514: 5507: 5499: 5497: 5491: 5490: 5488: 5487: 5480: 5473: 5466: 5461: 5454: 5447: 5441: 5439: 5433: 5432: 5430: 5429: 5422: 5415: 5408: 5401: 5394: 5387: 5382: 5375: 5368: 5361: 5353: 5351: 5345: 5344: 5342: 5341: 5334: 5327: 5320: 5313: 5306: 5299: 5292: 5285: 5278: 5272: 5270: 5264: 5263: 5261: 5260: 5255: 5249: 5247: 5241: 5240: 5238: 5237: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5211: 5209: 5203: 5202: 5200: 5199: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5095: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5067: 5065: 5059: 5058: 5056: 5055: 5046: 5036: 5034: 5028: 5027: 5025: 5024: 5016: 5009: 5002: 4995: 4988: 4983: 4976: 4969: 4962: 4955: 4948: 4942: 4940: 4938:Light cruisers 4934: 4933: 4931: 4930: 4923: 4918: 4910: 4908: 4906:Heavy cruisers 4902: 4901: 4899: 4898: 4891: 4883: 4881: 4879:Battlecruisers 4875: 4874: 4872: 4871: 4864: 4857: 4850: 4843: 4836: 4828: 4826: 4820: 4819: 4817: 4816: 4809: 4802: 4795: 4790: 4783: 4776: 4769: 4761: 4759: 4753: 4752: 4750: 4749: 4742: 4735: 4728: 4721: 4714: 4706: 4704: 4698: 4697: 4695: 4694: 4687: 4680: 4673: 4666: 4659: 4652: 4644: 4642: 4636: 4635: 4630: 4629: 4622: 4615: 4607: 4598: 4597: 4595: 4594: 4591: 4588: 4585: 4582: 4575: 4572: 4569: 4566: 4563: 4560: 4557: 4553: 4550: 4549: 4547: 4546: 4541: 4535: 4533: 4531:naval trawlers 4527: 4526: 4524: 4523: 4518: 4517: 4516: 4509: 4502: 4495: 4488: 4476: 4469: 4463: 4461: 4455: 4454: 4452: 4451: 4446: 4439: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4394: 4389: 4384: 4379: 4373: 4371: 4365: 4364: 4362: 4361: 4356: 4350: 4348: 4342: 4341: 4339: 4338: 4333: 4328: 4322: 4320: 4314: 4313: 4311: 4310: 4303: 4296: 4289: 4282: 4275: 4268: 4261: 4253: 4251: 4245: 4244: 4242: 4241: 4234: 4227: 4220: 4213: 4205: 4203: 4197: 4196: 4194: 4193: 4188: 4181: 4176: 4171: 4164: 4159: 4157:Yarrow Later M 4154: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4129: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4104: 4099: 4094: 4089: 4084: 4078: 4076: 4070: 4069: 4067: 4066: 4060:Admiralty (or 4057: 4048: 4041: 4034: 4027: 4019: 4017: 4011: 4010: 4008: 4007: 4000: 3993: 3986: 3979: 3972: 3965: 3957: 3955: 3953:Scout cruisers 3949: 3948: 3946: 3945: 3938: 3931: 3924: 3917: 3910: 3903: 3896: 3889: 3882: 3875: 3868: 3861: 3853: 3851: 3845: 3844: 3842: 3841: 3834: 3827: 3822: 3815: 3809: 3807: 3805:Light cruisers 3801: 3800: 3798: 3797: 3789: 3787: 3785:Heavy cruisers 3781: 3780: 3778: 3777: 3770: 3763: 3756: 3749: 3742: 3735: 3727: 3725: 3719: 3718: 3716: 3715: 3710: 3703: 3696: 3689: 3682: 3675: 3668: 3660: 3658: 3656:Battlecruisers 3652: 3651: 3649: 3648: 3641: 3634: 3627: 3620: 3613: 3606: 3599: 3592: 3584: 3582: 3576: 3575: 3573: 3572: 3565: 3558: 3551: 3544: 3537: 3530: 3523: 3516: 3509: 3502: 3495: 3488: 3480: 3478: 3472: 3471: 3469: 3468: 3461: 3454: 3447: 3440: 3433: 3426: 3419: 3412: 3405: 3398: 3391: 3384: 3377: 3370: 3362: 3360: 3350: 3349: 3344: 3343: 3336: 3329: 3321: 3312: 3311: 3309: 3308: 3303: 3297: 3294: 3293: 3291: 3290: 3282: 3280: 3272: 3271: 3269: 3268: 3261: 3253: 3251: 3244: 3243: 3226: 3225: 3218: 3211: 3203: 3197: 3196: 3187: 3173: 3172:External links 3170: 3169: 3168: 3162: 3150:Rohwer, Jürgen 3146: 3132: 3124:Battlecruisers 3119: 3113: 3100: 3069: 3034: 3028: 3015: 3009: 2993: 2987: 2974: 2968: 2955: 2949: 2936: 2917: 2914: 2912: 2911: 2902: 2890: 2881: 2872: 2863: 2861:Nailer, p. 165 2854: 2845: 2836: 2827: 2818: 2809: 2800: 2798:Howland, p. 52 2791: 2782: 2780:Howland, p. 61 2773: 2764: 2755: 2746: 2737: 2728: 2719: 2710: 2701: 2689: 2680: 2668: 2659: 2650: 2641: 2632: 2623: 2614: 2605: 2596: 2587: 2578: 2569: 2560: 2551: 2542: 2533: 2524: 2504: 2495: 2486: 2477: 2459: 2447: 2435: 2421: 2412: 2403: 2391: 2382: 2370: 2358: 2349: 2340: 2331: 2322: 2313: 2304: 2295: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2077:Admiral Hipper 1956: 1951: 1759: 1754: 1720: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1523:Atlantic Fleet 1515: 1512: 1477:Hawker Ospreys 1473:Hawker Nimrods 1469:Blackburn Dart 1429: 1426: 1379: 1376: 1325: 1322: 1211:high explosive 1185:breech-loading 1165: 1162: 1146:nautical miles 1094:steam turbines 1085: 1082: 1023:overall length 1002: 999: 907:arresting gear 840: 837: 819:in July 1918. 762:Main article: 759: 756: 652:superstructure 622:Baltic Project 569: 568: 565: 561: 560: 559: 558: 552: 546: 540: 532: 528: 527: 526: 525: 518: 509: 505: 504: 501: 497: 496: 489: 485: 484: 477: 473: 472: 469: 465: 464: 463: 462: 459: 446: 442: 441: 438: 434: 433: 430: 426: 425: 424: 423: 420: 415: 411: 410: 409: 408: 405: 392: 388: 387: 379: 378: 375: 371: 370: 369: 368: 362: 356: 350: 342: 338: 337: 328: 324: 323: 320: 316: 315: 308: 304: 303: 296: 292: 291: 289:steam turbines 285: 281: 280: 279: 278: 267: 265:Yarrow boilers 259: 255: 254: 251: 247: 246: 243: 239: 238: 237: 236: 229: 220: 216: 215: 214: 213: 206: 189: 185: 184: 179: 175: 174: 162: 161: 158: 154: 153: 150: 146: 145: 142: 138: 137: 134: 130: 129: 126: 122: 121: 113: 109: 108: 100: 96: 95: 87: 83: 82: 69: 65: 64: 58: 54: 53: 52:Class overview 49: 48: 29: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5959: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5924: 5922: 5912: 5902: 5901: 5898: 5884: 5881: 5878: 5875: 5872: 5869: 5866: 5863: 5860: 5857: 5856: 5853: 5847: 5846: 5842: 5840: 5839: 5835: 5833: 5832: 5828: 5826: 5825: 5821: 5819: 5818: 5814: 5812: 5811: 5807: 5805: 5804: 5800: 5798: 5797: 5793: 5791: 5790: 5786: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5778: 5774: 5772: 5771: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5759: 5755: 5753: 5752: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5735:Shakespearian 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5710: 5706: 5704: 5701: 5699: 5696: 5695: 5693: 5689: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5676: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5665: 5662: 5660: 5659:Motor gunboat 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5641: 5639: 5637: 5633: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5616: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5604: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5587: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5570: 5566: 5564: 5563: 5559: 5557: 5556: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5541: 5539: 5537: 5533: 5527: 5526: 5522: 5520: 5519: 5515: 5513: 5512: 5508: 5506: 5505: 5501: 5500: 5498: 5496: 5492: 5486: 5485: 5481: 5479: 5478: 5474: 5472: 5471: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5459: 5455: 5453: 5452: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5442: 5440: 5438: 5434: 5428: 5427: 5423: 5421: 5420: 5416: 5414: 5413: 5409: 5407: 5406: 5402: 5400: 5399: 5395: 5393: 5392: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5380: 5376: 5374: 5373: 5369: 5367: 5366: 5362: 5360: 5359: 5355: 5354: 5352: 5350: 5346: 5340: 5339: 5335: 5333: 5332: 5328: 5326: 5325: 5321: 5319: 5318: 5314: 5312: 5311: 5307: 5305: 5304: 5300: 5298: 5297: 5293: 5291: 5290: 5286: 5284: 5283: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5273: 5271: 5269: 5265: 5259: 5256: 5254: 5251: 5250: 5248: 5246: 5242: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5212: 5210: 5208: 5204: 5198: 5197: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5100: 5096: 5094: 5093: 5089: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5072: 5069: 5068: 5066: 5064: 5060: 5054: 5052: 5047: 5045: 5043: 5038: 5037: 5035: 5033: 5029: 5022: 5021: 5017: 5015: 5014: 5010: 5008: 5007: 5003: 5001: 5000: 4996: 4994: 4993: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4981: 4977: 4975: 4974: 4970: 4968: 4967: 4963: 4961: 4960: 4956: 4954: 4953: 4949: 4947: 4944: 4943: 4941: 4939: 4935: 4929: 4928: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4916: 4912: 4911: 4909: 4907: 4903: 4897: 4896: 4892: 4890: 4889: 4885: 4884: 4882: 4880: 4876: 4870: 4869: 4865: 4863: 4862: 4858: 4856: 4855: 4854:King George V 4851: 4849: 4848: 4844: 4842: 4841: 4837: 4835: 4834: 4830: 4829: 4827: 4825: 4821: 4815: 4814: 4810: 4808: 4807: 4803: 4801: 4800: 4796: 4794: 4791: 4789: 4788: 4784: 4782: 4781: 4777: 4775: 4774: 4770: 4768: 4767: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4758: 4754: 4748: 4747: 4743: 4741: 4740: 4736: 4734: 4733: 4729: 4727: 4726: 4722: 4720: 4719: 4715: 4713: 4712: 4708: 4707: 4705: 4703: 4699: 4693: 4692: 4688: 4686: 4685: 4681: 4679: 4678: 4674: 4672: 4671: 4667: 4665: 4664: 4660: 4658: 4657: 4653: 4651: 4650: 4646: 4645: 4643: 4641: 4637: 4628: 4623: 4621: 4616: 4614: 4609: 4608: 4605: 4592: 4589: 4586: 4583: 4580: 4576: 4573: 4570: 4567: 4564: 4561: 4558: 4555: 4554: 4551: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4536: 4534: 4532: 4528: 4522: 4519: 4515: 4514: 4510: 4508: 4507: 4503: 4501: 4500: 4496: 4494: 4493: 4489: 4487: 4486: 4482: 4481: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4474: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4464: 4462: 4460: 4456: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4444: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4374: 4372: 4370: 4366: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4351: 4349: 4347: 4343: 4337: 4334: 4332: 4329: 4327: 4324: 4323: 4321: 4319: 4315: 4309: 4308: 4304: 4302: 4301: 4297: 4295: 4294: 4290: 4288: 4287: 4283: 4281: 4280: 4276: 4274: 4273: 4269: 4267: 4266: 4262: 4260: 4259: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4246: 4240: 4239: 4235: 4233: 4232: 4228: 4226: 4225: 4221: 4219: 4218: 4214: 4212: 4211: 4207: 4206: 4204: 4202: 4201:Torpedo boats 4198: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4186: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4170: 4169: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4155: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4147:Thornycroft M 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4115: 4113: 4110: 4108: 4105: 4103: 4100: 4098: 4095: 4093: 4090: 4088: 4085: 4083: 4080: 4079: 4077: 4075: 4071: 4065: 4063: 4058: 4056: 4054: 4049: 4047: 4046: 4042: 4040: 4039: 4035: 4033: 4032: 4028: 4026: 4025: 4021: 4020: 4018: 4016: 4012: 4006: 4005: 4001: 3999: 3998: 3994: 3992: 3991: 3987: 3985: 3984: 3980: 3978: 3977: 3973: 3971: 3970: 3966: 3964: 3963: 3959: 3958: 3956: 3954: 3950: 3944: 3943: 3939: 3937: 3936: 3932: 3930: 3929: 3925: 3923: 3922: 3918: 3916: 3915: 3911: 3909: 3908: 3904: 3902: 3901: 3897: 3895: 3894: 3890: 3888: 3887: 3883: 3881: 3880: 3876: 3874: 3873: 3869: 3867: 3866: 3862: 3860: 3859: 3855: 3854: 3852: 3850: 3846: 3840: 3839: 3835: 3833: 3832: 3828: 3826: 3823: 3821: 3820: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3810: 3808: 3806: 3802: 3796: 3795: 3791: 3790: 3788: 3786: 3782: 3776: 3775: 3771: 3769: 3768: 3764: 3762: 3761: 3757: 3755: 3754: 3750: 3748: 3747: 3743: 3741: 3740: 3736: 3734: 3733: 3729: 3728: 3726: 3724: 3720: 3714: 3711: 3709: 3708: 3704: 3702: 3701: 3697: 3695: 3694: 3690: 3688: 3687: 3683: 3681: 3680: 3676: 3674: 3673: 3672:Indefatigable 3669: 3667: 3666: 3662: 3661: 3659: 3657: 3653: 3647: 3646: 3642: 3640: 3639: 3635: 3633: 3632: 3628: 3626: 3625: 3621: 3619: 3618: 3614: 3612: 3611: 3607: 3605: 3604: 3600: 3598: 3597: 3593: 3591: 3590: 3586: 3585: 3583: 3581: 3577: 3571: 3570: 3566: 3564: 3563: 3559: 3557: 3556: 3552: 3550: 3549: 3545: 3543: 3542: 3538: 3536: 3535: 3531: 3529: 3528: 3527:King George V 3524: 3522: 3521: 3517: 3515: 3514: 3510: 3508: 3507: 3503: 3501: 3500: 3496: 3494: 3493: 3489: 3487: 3486: 3482: 3481: 3479: 3477: 3473: 3467: 3466: 3462: 3460: 3459: 3455: 3453: 3452: 3448: 3446: 3445: 3441: 3439: 3438: 3434: 3432: 3431: 3427: 3425: 3424: 3420: 3418: 3417: 3413: 3411: 3410: 3406: 3404: 3403: 3399: 3397: 3396: 3392: 3390: 3389: 3385: 3383: 3382: 3378: 3376: 3375: 3371: 3369: 3368: 3364: 3363: 3361: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3342: 3337: 3335: 3330: 3328: 3323: 3322: 3319: 3307: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3298: 3295: 3289: 3288: 3284: 3283: 3281: 3278: 3273: 3267: 3266: 3262: 3260: 3259: 3255: 3254: 3252: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3239: 3234: 3232: 3224: 3219: 3217: 3212: 3210: 3205: 3204: 3201: 3195: 3193: 3188: 3186: 3185: 3181: 3176: 3175: 3165: 3163:1-59114-119-2 3159: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3133:1-55750-068-1 3129: 3125: 3120: 3116: 3114:1-55750-903-4 3110: 3106: 3101: 3097: 3091: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3070: 3066: 3060: 3052: 3048: 3044: 3040: 3035: 3031: 3025: 3021: 3016: 3012: 3010:0-87021-054-8 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2988:0-87021-459-4 2984: 2980: 2975: 2971: 2969:0-87021-863-8 2965: 2961: 2956: 2952: 2946: 2942: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2920: 2919: 2906: 2897: 2895: 2885: 2876: 2867: 2858: 2849: 2840: 2831: 2822: 2813: 2807:Rohwer, p. 26 2804: 2795: 2786: 2777: 2768: 2759: 2750: 2741: 2732: 2723: 2714: 2705: 2696: 2694: 2684: 2675: 2673: 2663: 2654: 2645: 2636: 2627: 2618: 2609: 2600: 2591: 2582: 2573: 2564: 2555: 2546: 2537: 2528: 2519: 2517: 2515: 2513: 2511: 2509: 2499: 2490: 2481: 2472: 2470: 2468: 2466: 2464: 2454: 2452: 2442: 2440: 2430: 2428: 2426: 2416: 2407: 2401: 2395: 2386: 2377: 2375: 2365: 2363: 2353: 2344: 2335: 2329:Brown, p. 252 2326: 2317: 2308: 2299: 2290: 2286: 2279: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2264: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2214: 2209: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2181: 2176: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2136:, August 1944 2135: 2131: 2126: 2122: 2120: 2116: 2115: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2085: 2083: 2079: 2078: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2019: 2017: 2013: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1989: 1984: 1980: 1979: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1955: 1950: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1927: 1922: 1921: 1916: 1915: 1910: 1909: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1891: 1889: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1871: 1865: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1828: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1815: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1776: 1772: 1771: 1765: 1758: 1753: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1742: 1737: 1729: 1725: 1719: 1709: 1707: 1703: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1650: 1649: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1631: 1627: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1603: 1597: 1595: 1591: 1590:822 Squadrons 1587: 1583: 1579: 1578:Munich Crisis 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1527:Fleet Air Arm 1524: 1520: 1511: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1425: 1422: 1418: 1413: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1388: 1385: 1375: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1321: 1318: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1306: 1300: 1296: 1291: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1271: 1269: 1264: 1260: 1255: 1252: 1248: 1241: 1236: 1233: 1226: 1222: 1221: 1218:QF 2-pounder 1214: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1203:anti-aircraft 1200: 1197:Half a dozen 1195: 1193: 1189: 1186: 1182: 1175: 1170: 1161: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1140: 1136: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1115:(67,000 1114: 1110: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1081: 1079: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1051:double bottom 1048: 1044: 1041:(24,600 1040: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1012: 1007: 998: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 954: 950: 945: 940: 935: 930: 928: 924: 920: 916: 912: 908: 900: 896: 894: 890: 889: 884: 883: 877: 876: 865: 861: 856: 849: 845: 836: 834: 830: 827:(67,000 826: 820: 818: 814: 810: 806: 802: 798: 794: 790: 786: 782: 774: 770: 765: 755: 753: 749: 745: 741: 740: 734: 733: 728: 727:Malta Convoys 724: 720: 716: 712: 708: 704: 700: 696: 691: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 645: 643: 639: 635: 634:capital ships 631: 627: 623: 619: 617: 612: 611: 606: 605: 600: 599: 594: 590: 586: 584: 579: 577: 566: 563: 562: 556: 553: 550: 547: 544: 541: 538: 535: 534: 533: 530: 529: 523: 519: 516: 512: 511: 510: 507: 506: 502: 499: 498: 494: 490: 487: 486: 482: 478: 475: 474: 470: 467: 466: 460: 457: 454:(67,000 453: 449: 448: 447: 444: 443: 439: 436: 435: 431: 428: 427: 421: 418: 417: 416: 413: 412: 406: 403: 400:(22,900 399: 395: 394: 393: 390: 389: 386:as converted) 385: 380: 376: 373: 372: 366: 363: 360: 357: 354: 351: 348: 345: 344: 343: 340: 339: 336: 333: 329: 326: 325: 321: 318: 317: 313: 309: 306: 305: 301: 297: 294: 293: 290: 286: 283: 282: 276: 273:(67,000 272: 268: 266: 262: 261: 260: 257: 256: 252: 249: 248: 244: 241: 240: 234: 230: 227: 223: 222: 221: 218: 217: 211: 207: 204: 200: 197:(24,600 196: 192: 191: 190: 187: 186: 183: 180: 177: 176: 173:as converted) 172: 168: 163: 159: 156: 155: 151: 148: 147: 143: 140: 139: 135: 132: 131: 127: 124: 123: 120: 119: 114: 111: 110: 107: 106: 101: 98: 97: 94: 93: 88: 85: 84: 81: 70: 67: 66: 62: 59: 56: 55: 50: 46:, early 1930s 45: 41: 37: 33: 27: 22: 19: 5843: 5836: 5829: 5822: 5816: 5809: 5802: 5795: 5788: 5776: 5769: 5757: 5750: 5708: 5674: 5614: 5602: 5585: 5568: 5561: 5554: 5524: 5517: 5510: 5503: 5483: 5476: 5469: 5457: 5450: 5437:Minesweepers 5425: 5418: 5411: 5404: 5397: 5390: 5378: 5371: 5364: 5357: 5337: 5330: 5323: 5316: 5309: 5302: 5295: 5288: 5281: 5195: 5135:J, K & N 5098: 5091: 5050: 5041: 5019: 5012: 5005: 4998: 4991: 4979: 4972: 4965: 4958: 4951: 4926: 4914: 4894: 4887: 4867: 4860: 4853: 4846: 4839: 4832: 4812: 4805: 4798: 4786: 4779: 4772: 4765: 4745: 4738: 4731: 4724: 4717: 4710: 4690: 4683: 4676: 4669: 4662: 4655: 4648: 4647: 4578: 4512: 4505: 4498: 4491: 4484: 4472: 4442: 4318:Minesweepers 4306: 4299: 4292: 4285: 4278: 4271: 4264: 4257: 4237: 4230: 4223: 4216: 4209: 4184: 4167: 4061: 4052: 4044: 4037: 4030: 4023: 4003: 3996: 3989: 3982: 3975: 3968: 3961: 3941: 3934: 3927: 3920: 3913: 3906: 3899: 3892: 3885: 3878: 3871: 3864: 3857: 3837: 3830: 3818: 3793: 3773: 3766: 3759: 3752: 3745: 3738: 3731: 3706: 3699: 3692: 3685: 3678: 3671: 3664: 3644: 3637: 3630: 3623: 3616: 3609: 3602: 3595: 3588: 3568: 3561: 3554: 3547: 3540: 3533: 3526: 3519: 3512: 3505: 3498: 3491: 3484: 3464: 3457: 3450: 3443: 3436: 3429: 3422: 3415: 3408: 3401: 3395:Ben-my-Chree 3394: 3387: 3380: 3373: 3366: 3286: 3276: 3264: 3257: 3247: 3237: 3236: 3230: 3191: 3183: 3179: 3153: 3123: 3105:Warship 1990 3104: 3073: 3059:cite journal 3051:the original 3046: 3042: 3019: 3000: 2978: 2959: 2940: 2923: 2905: 2884: 2875: 2866: 2857: 2848: 2839: 2830: 2821: 2812: 2803: 2794: 2785: 2776: 2767: 2758: 2749: 2740: 2731: 2722: 2713: 2704: 2683: 2662: 2653: 2644: 2635: 2626: 2617: 2608: 2599: 2590: 2581: 2572: 2563: 2554: 2545: 2536: 2527: 2498: 2489: 2480: 2415: 2406: 2394: 2385: 2352: 2343: 2334: 2325: 2316: 2307: 2298: 2289: 2267: 2265: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2240: 2236: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2210: 2202: 2193:, both near 2179: 2177: 2168: 2160: 2156: 2140: 2139: 2133: 2119:Philadelphia 2113: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2092: 2088: 2086: 2081: 2076: 2072:Convoy WS 5A 2067: 2047: 2026: 2023:816 Squadron 2020: 2011: 2002: 2001: 1992: 1987: 1985:was sunk by 1982: 1977: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1958: 1953: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1925: 1919: 1913: 1907: 1902: 1892: 1883:823 Squadron 1879:802 Squadron 1874: 1868: 1866: 1857: 1853: 1834:701 Squadron 1830:flying boats 1819: 1818: 1808: 1807:area before 1800: 1796: 1780: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1763: 1761: 1756: 1749: 1745: 1740: 1733: 1727: 1717: 1705: 1701: 1691:to put into 1688: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1672: 1671: 1658: 1647: 1642: 1638: 1629: 1625: 1624: 1611: 1601: 1598: 1566:Fleet Review 1561: 1552: 1551: 1547: 1542: 1518: 1517: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1486: 1448: 1446: 1436: 1414: 1396:high-tensile 1391: 1389: 1381: 1371: 1367: 1366: 1349: 1345: 1329: 1327: 1317:machine guns 1309: 1304: 1298: 1294: 1292: 1278: 1274: 1272: 1258: 1256: 1251:dual-purpose 1239: 1237: 1231: 1224: 1219: 1216:Four single 1215: 1196: 1180: 1179: 1173: 1153: 1149: 1138: 1137: 1123:(1,620 1101: 1089: 1087: 1077: 1070: 1065: 1063: 1054: 1018: 1016: 1010: 993: 989: 981: 973: 969: 965: 961: 960: 952: 948: 931: 922: 918: 910: 898: 897: 887: 881: 874: 872: 863: 847: 832: 821: 817:Tondern raid 796: 784: 780: 778: 772: 738: 730: 722: 710: 698: 694: 692: 687: 683: 679: 675: 672:half-sisters 647: 646: 615: 609: 603: 597: 582: 581: 575: 574: 572: 513:10 × single 450:90,000 391:Displacement 383: 330:16 × single 269:90,000 188:Displacement 170: 166: 117: 104: 91: 60: 39: 35: 31: 18: 5885:Conversions 5796:Bonaventure 5740:Round Table 5426:Teviot Bank 5412:Port Quebec 5405:Port Napier 5282:Bridgewater 5042:Shakespeare 4824:Battleships 4670:Illustrious 4593:Conversions 4265:Abercrombie 4258:Marshal Ney 4137:Admiralty M 4053:Shakespeare 3645:Lord Nelson 3492:Bellerophon 3485:Dreadnought 1943:Scharnhorst 1935:crow's nest 1920:Scharnhorst 1666: 1934 1661:at anchor ( 1619: 1935 1614:at anchor ( 1531:floatplanes 1500:Fairey Seal 1207:quarterdeck 1053:. In 1939, 1001:Description 860:Sopwith Pup 839:Conversions 719:battleships 668:flight deck 624:during the 520:6 × single 491:7,480 310:6,630 86:Preceded by 5921:Categories 5720:Portuguese 5536:Submarines 5398:Menestheus 5349:Minelayers 5338:Black Swan 5317:Kingfisher 5063:Destroyers 4677:Implacable 4649:Courageous 4579:Courageous 4369:Submarines 4326:Racecourse 4272:Lord Clive 4142:Hawthorn M 4074:Destroyers 3976:Pathfinder 3935:Challenger 3753:Devonshire 3707:Courageous 3686:Queen Mary 3665:Invincible 3610:Formidable 3499:St Vincent 3465:Vindictive 3277:Courageous 3258:Courageous 3248:Courageous 3238:Courageous 3231:Courageous 3180:Courageous 2916:References 2221:Victorious 2145:working up 2114:Victorious 2060:Gold Coast 2043:Troubridge 1965:Courageous 1949:survived. 1827:amphibious 1746:Courageous 1728:Courageous 1718:Courageous 1683:rammed SS 1677:Courageous 1639:Courageous 1626:Courageous 1612:Courageous 1594:Scapa Flow 1539:windbreaks 1506:, and the 1488:Courageous 1465:Fairey III 1461:Avro Bison 1447:Normally, 1428:Air groups 1392:Courageous 1378:Protection 1368:Courageous 1299:Courageous 1275:Courageous 1150:Courageous 1127:; 17 1090:Courageous 1084:Propulsion 1055:Courageous 1019:Courageous 974:Courageous 966:Courageous 927:charthouse 893:sea trials 833:Courageous 781:Courageous 699:Courageous 676:Courageous 616:Courageous 604:Courageous 593:Royal Navy 576:Courageous 500:Complement 468:Propulsion 319:Complement 284:Propulsion 171:Courageous 133:In service 112:Subclasses 80:Royal Navy 61:Courageous 36:Courageous 5867:Cancelled 5810:Maidstone 5777:Albatross 5675:Dragonfly 5511:Protector 5495:Netlayers 5391:Agamemnon 5358:Adventure 5245:Corvettes 5170:W & Z 5165:U & V 5160:S & T 5155:Q & R 5150:O & P 5145:L & M 5120:G & H 5115:E & F 5110:C & D 5105:A & B 5092:Ambuscade 5081:V & W 4684:Audacious 4663:Ark Royal 4513:Aubrietia 4443:Swordfish 3962:Adventure 3928:Highflyer 3638:Swiftsure 3548:Iron Duke 3541:Agincourt 3388:Ark Royal 3275:Modified 3090:cite book 2924:HMS Eagle 2229:Altafjord 2105:Ark Royal 2101:Ark Royal 2093:Ark Royal 2052:Liverpool 2016:Bardufoss 1983:Royal Oak 1978:Royal Oak 1969:Gneisenau 1926:Gneisenau 1899:North Sea 1888:tailhooks 1814:Luftwaffe 1805:Trondheim 1801:Ark Royal 1750:Ark Royal 1693:Gibraltar 1648:Ark Royal 1635:catapults 1574:George VI 1535:palisades 1384:barbettes 1338:directors 1283:Admiralty 1268:magazines 1039:long tons 1035:deep load 978:Devonport 895:in 1920. 825:long tons 789:North Sea 754:in 1948. 707:submarine 703:torpedoed 398:long tons 210:deep load 195:long tons 141:Completed 136:1925–1945 128:1921–1929 116:HMS 105:Ark Royal 103:HMS 90:HMS 68:Operators 44:Gibraltar 5745:Monitors 5698:Trawlers 5562:Parthian 5504:Guardian 5477:Algerine 5303:Shoreham 5289:Hastings 5207:Frigates 5020:Minotaur 5006:Minotaur 4980:Arethusa 4868:Vanguard 4799:Activity 4787:Attacker 4773:Audacity 4739:Majestic 4732:Colossus 4346:Gunboats 4249:Monitors 4185:Talisman 4152:Yarrow M 4038:Marksman 4031:Faulknor 3990:Boadicea 3983:Sentinel 3914:Arrogant 3900:Powerful 3819:Arethusa 3774:Minotaur 3746:Monmouth 3596:Majestic 3513:Colossus 3409:Raven II 3402:Campania 3381:Engadine 3354:Aircraft 3265:Glorious 3184:Glorious 3152:(2005). 3142:38581302 3082:10154565 2999:(1988). 2932:33084560 2400:endpaper 2272:paid off 2191:Tafraoui 2187:La Senia 2056:Takoradi 1947:Glorious 1903:Glorious 1893:Captain 1875:Glorious 1858:Glorious 1854:Glorious 1820:Glorious 1809:Glorious 1797:Glorious 1781:Glorious 1775:Glorious 1764:Glorious 1757:Glorious 1706:Glorious 1704:mounts. 1689:Glorious 1681:Glorious 1673:Glorious 1659:Glorious 1630:Glorious 1570:Spithead 1492:Glorious 1405:bulkhead 1372:Glorious 1362:Type 290 1356:gunnery 1354:Type 285 1350:pom-poms 1310:Glorious 1297:mounts. 1279:Glorious 1249:in twin 1220:pom-poms 1164:Armament 1158:fuel oil 1154:Glorious 1011:Glorious 982:Glorious 962:Glorious 939:fighters 813:Zeppelin 809:barbette 785:Glorious 773:Glorious 748:paid off 711:Glorious 680:Glorious 610:Glorious 583:Glorious 549:Bulkhead 508:Armament 359:Bulkhead 327:Armament 167:Glorious 157:Scrapped 40:Glorious 5817:Titania 5789:Adamant 5770:Pegasus 5758:Roberts 5636:Coastal 5615:Amphion 5586:Grampus 5569:Rainbow 5451:Halcyon 5324:Bittern 5310:Grimsby 5220:Captain 5013:Neptune 4973:Leander 4966:Emerald 4959:Hawkins 4915:Hawkins 4840:Revenge 4813:Nairana 4780:Avenger 4746:Centaur 4725:Unicorn 4506:Anchusa 4238:Cricket 4191:V and W 3969:Forward 3921:Pelorus 3872:Eclipse 3865:Astraea 3838:Emerald 3794:Hawkins 3767:Warrior 3713:Admiral 3603:Canopus 3569:Revenge 3506:Neptune 3451:Nairana 3444:Pegasus 3437:Furious 3430:Manxman 3374:Riviera 3367:Empress 3287:Furious 3192:Furious 2268:Furious 2261:Tirpitz 2257:Tirpitz 2253:Furious 2249:Tirpitz 2241:Tirpitz 2237:Tirpitz 2225:Tirpitz 2217:Furious 2203:Furious 2180:Furious 2169:Furious 2161:Furious 2141:Furious 2134:Furious 2109:Furious 2089:Furious 2082:Furious 2068:Furious 2048:Furious 2039:Iceland 2035:bullion 2027:Furious 2012:Furious 2003:Furious 1993:Furious 1973:Furious 1961:Furious 1954:Furious 1846:Harstad 1836:and 18 1730:sinking 1702:pom-pom 1685:Florida 1643:pom-pom 1602:Furious 1562:Furious 1553:Furious 1543:Furious 1519:Furious 1496:Furious 1449:Furious 1437:Furious 1346:Furious 1330:Furious 1295:pom-pom 1281:by the 1259:Furious 1240:Furious 1232:pom-pom 1225:Furious 1181:Furious 1174:Furious 1139:Furious 1102:Furious 1078:Furious 1071:Furious 1066:Furious 1059:ratings 1031:draught 994:Furious 990:Furious 970:Furious 953:Furious 949:Furious 919:Furious 911:Furious 899:Furious 875:Furious 864:Furious 848:Furious 797:Furious 744:reserve 739:Tirpitz 723:Furious 695:Furious 688:Furious 684:Furious 648:Furious 630:laid up 598:Furious 524:AA guns 437:Draught 396:22,500 384:Furious 250:Draught 193:24,210 118:Furious 32:Furious 5897:Portal 5751:Erebus 5709:Basset 5703:Castle 5484:Cybele 5458:Bangor 5379:Linnet 5372:Plover 5365:Abdiel 5268:Sloops 5258:Castle 5253:Flower 5225:Colony 5196:Daring 5185:Weapon 5180:Battle 5130:Tribal 5099:Amazon 5023:(1947) 4921:County 4888:Renown 4847:Nelson 4766:Archer 4718:Hermes 4544:Mersey 4539:Castle 4499:Arabis 4492:Azalea 4485:Acacia 4479:Flower 4473:Cadmus 4459:Sloops 4359:Insect 4307:Erebus 4286:Gorgon 4279:Humber 4231:TB 114 4224:TB 109 4045:Parker 4004:Active 3997:Blonde 3942:Topaze 3907:Diadem 3858:Apollo 3732:Cressy 3700:Renown 3624:Duncan 3617:London 3555:Canada 3423:Vindex 3160: 3140: 3130: 3111: 3080: 3026: 3007: 2985: 2966: 2947: 2930: 2007:Tromsø 1939:Acasta 1914:Ardent 1908:Acasta 1862:Narvik 1785:Norway 1502:, the 1358:radars 1129:kgf/cm 1109:Yarrow 1013:, 1936 986:Rosyth 944:petrol 934:storey 932:A two- 805:turret 801:hangar 664:boiler 660:funnel 656:island 531:Armour 414:Length 341:Armour 219:Length 203:normal 77: 5803:Forth 5730:Dance 5715:Isles 5691:Other 5580:River 5331:Egret 5296:Banff 5215:River 5051:Scott 4952:Danae 4793:Ruler 4711:Argus 4691:Malta 4656:Eagle 4581:class 4336:Dance 4217:TB 98 4210:TB 81 4162:Medea 4062:Scott 4024:Swift 3893:Edgar 3886:Pearl 3879:Blake 3831:Danae 3739:Drake 3693:Tiger 3520:Orion 3458:Argus 3279:class 3250:class 2282:Notes 2276:Troon 2215:from 2206:' 2183:' 2157:Eagle 2097:Malta 2064:Egypt 1929:. No 1697:Malta 1243:' 1228:' 1142:' 1133:knots 1105:' 1074:' 956:' 923:Argus 902:' 888:Eagle 882:Argus 867:' 752:scrap 642:scrap 585:class 578:class 543:Decks 488:Range 481:knots 476:Speed 353:Decks 307:Range 300:knots 295:Speed 125:Built 92:Eagle 63:class 5725:Tree 5603:P611 5555:Odin 5445:Hunt 5230:Loch 5140:Hunt 5086:Town 4999:Fiji 4992:Dido 4986:Town 4927:York 4895:Hood 4861:Lion 4331:Hunt 4168:Arno 3813:Town 3679:Lion 3534:Erin 3416:Anne 3182:and 3158:ISBN 3138:OCLC 3128:ISBN 3109:ISBN 3096:link 3078:OCLC 3065:link 3047:XXXI 3024:ISBN 3005:ISBN 2983:ISBN 2964:ISBN 2945:ISBN 2928:OCLC 2245:Bodø 2219:and 2195:Oran 2189:and 2111:and 1988:U-47 1923:and 1911:and 1799:and 1741:U-29 1588:and 1490:and 1475:and 1415:The 1400:belt 1277:and 1152:and 1088:The 1027:beam 1017:The 964:and 807:and 783:and 729:and 678:and 607:and 573:The 537:Belt 517:guns 429:Beam 347:Belt 242:Beam 178:Type 169:and 149:Lost 57:Name 42:off 5876:C,P 5525:Net 5518:Bar 5470:Auk 5464:MMS 5235:Bay 4354:Fly 4300:M29 4293:M15 2227:in 1840:of 1832:of 1791:of 1586:821 1582:801 1568:at 1459:or 1308:). 1125:kPa 1121:psi 984:at 976:at 654:or 493:nmi 479:30 452:shp 312:nmi 298:30 271:shp 263:18 233:o/a 226:p/p 201:) ( 38:or 5923:: 5626:XE 5276:24 4521:24 3235:/ 3136:. 3092:}} 3088:{{ 3061:}} 3057:{{ 3045:. 3041:. 2893:^ 2692:^ 2671:^ 2507:^ 2462:^ 2450:^ 2438:^ 2424:^ 2373:^ 2361:^ 2278:. 2235:. 2201:; 2128:A 2058:, 1901:, 1787:. 1663:c. 1616:c. 1584:, 1545:. 1510:. 1270:. 1117:kW 1100:. 858:A 709:. 674:, 601:, 567:36 456:kW 377:48 275:kW 5899:: 5882:V 5870:C 5864:X 5858:A 5621:X 5609:V 5597:U 5592:T 5575:S 5549:L 5544:H 5385:M 5190:G 5175:C 5125:I 5076:S 5071:R 5053:) 5044:) 4946:C 4626:e 4619:t 4612:v 4590:V 4584:S 4574:M 4568:G 4562:C 4556:A 4467:P 4449:V 4437:R 4432:M 4427:L 4422:K 4417:J 4412:H 4407:G 4402:F 4397:E 4392:D 4387:C 4382:B 4377:A 4179:S 4174:R 4132:L 4127:K 4122:I 4117:H 4112:G 4107:F 4102:E 4097:D 4092:C 4087:B 4082:A 4064:) 4055:) 3825:C 3356:/ 3340:e 3333:t 3326:v 3222:e 3215:t 3208:v 3166:. 3144:. 3117:. 3098:) 3084:. 3067:) 3032:. 3013:. 2991:. 2972:. 2953:. 2934:. 1668:) 1621:) 1537:( 1043:t 829:t 458:) 404:) 402:t 277:) 235:) 228:) 212:) 205:) 199:t 160:1 152:2 144:3

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Knowledge

Courageous-class aircraft carrier

Index