25:
240:
136:
120:
104:
84:
68:
52:
32:
275:
earthquakes. The tsunami generated by the 1976 earthquake caused about 4,000 deaths on
Mindanao. Modelling of likely further tsunamis along the Cotabato Trench suggests that run-ups of several metres are likely for future earthquakes similar in size to the 1976 event.
293:
Wu, W.N.; Lo, C.-L.; Lin, J.-Y. (2017). "Spatial variations of the crustal stress field in the
Philippine region from inversion of earthquake focal mechanisms and their tectonic implications".
394:
SchlĂĽter, H.U.; Block, M.; Hinz, K.; Neben, S.; Seidel, D.; Djajdihardja, Y. (2001). "Neogene sediment thickness and
Miocene basin-floor fan systems of the Celebes Sea".
1077:
1097:
1082:
1112:
990:
208:. At its northern end the rate of convergence across this boundary is about 100 mm per year. It is a relatively young structure, forming during the late
1072:
1022:
979:
769:
1117:
1042:
1067:
959:
1047:
933:
805:
1057:
1027:
912:
902:
897:
851:
1017:
969:
907:
510:
1185:
1102:
892:
887:
810:
200:. It forms part of a linked set of trenches along the western side of the Philippines formed over east-dipping subduction zones, including the
1052:
964:
1136:
1092:
1037:
949:
928:
882:
532:
1175:
155:
For recent
Philippine earthquakes, a third of the largest ones (M ≥ 6.3) since 2001 have been near the Cotabato Trench.
423:"The 1976 August 16, Mindanao , Philippine earthquake (Ms = 7.8) - evidence for a subduction zone south of Mindanao"
331:
540:
24:
151:
749:
739:
525:
984:
754:
252:
656:
473:
1180:
271:
The
Cotabato Trench is one of the main structure around the Philippines likely to be associated with
256:
91:
447:
353:
Jego, S.; Maury, R.C.; Polve, M.; Yumul, G.P. Jr.; Bellon, H.; Tamayo, R.A. Jr.; Cotton, J. (2005).
260:
39:
474:"Historical tsunamis and present tsunami hazard in eastern Indonesia and the southern Philippines"
764:
518:
197:
1062:
995:
625:
442:
335:
594:
566:
744:
707:
692:
646:
579:
488:
434:
366:
302:
8:
1087:
492:
438:
370:
306:
841:
457:
422:
379:
221:
407:
974:
954:
861:
856:
702:
661:
354:
789:
553:
496:
452:
403:
374:
310:
217:
759:
731:
712:
651:
641:
541:
314:
1122:
1032:
784:
717:
574:
545:
165:
239:
1169:
1151:
1138:
846:
836:
666:
557:
355:"Geochemistry of Adakites from the Philippines: Constraints on Their Origins"
205:
201:
181:
169:
815:
801:
774:
1107:
866:
697:
687:
671:
609:
584:
500:
189:
185:
177:
549:
472:
Løvholt, F.; Kühn, D.; Bungum, H.; Harbitz, C.B.; Glimsdal, S. (2012).
248:
228:
193:
213:
173:
272:
225:
209:
231:
rocks on
Mindanao thought to date the onset of subduction.
471:
216:. This age is consistent with the estimated age of the
393:
427:
Geophysical
Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society
414:
352:
387:
1167:
465:
243:Main tectonic structures around the Philippines
526:
346:
330:
420:
326:
324:
286:
533:
519:
224:associated with the trench and the age of
456:
446:
378:
321:
238:
292:
1168:
1186:Oceanic trenches of the Pacific Ocean
514:
247:The trench is associated with large
16:Oceanic trench in the Pacific Ocean
13:
458:10.1111/j.1365-246X.1979.tb03771.x
421:Stewart, G.S.; Cohn, S.N. (1979).
380:10.1111/j.1751-3928.2005.tb00239.x
14:
1197:
266:
172:, off the southwestern coast of
134:
118:
102:
82:
66:
50:
30:
23:
481:Journal of Geophysical Research
295:Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
1:
1048:Geelvinck (Cendrawasih) Basin
408:10.1016/S0264-8172(01)00027-7
279:
234:
750:Marikina Valley Fault System
740:Flores Back Arc Thrust Fault
396:Marine and Petroleum Geology
315:10.1016/j.jseaes.2017.01.036
135:
119:
103:
83:
67:
51:
31:
7:
755:New Britain subduction zone
253:1918 Celebes Sea earthquake
251:earthquakes, including the
10:
1202:
1176:Geology of the Philippines
657:Molucca Sea Collision Zone
1008:
942:
921:
875:
824:
797:
783:
730:
680:
634:
618:
602:
593:
565:
342:. U.S. Geological Survey.
257:1976 Moro Gulf earthquake
1078:Northern East Java Basin
261:2002 Mindanao earthquake
180:. Along this trench the
1098:Southern Makassar Basin
1083:Northern Makassar Basin
765:Philippine Fault System
198:Philippines Mobile Belt
1063:North Australian Basin
996:West Melanesian Trench
626:Philippine Mobile Belt
244:
876:Sulawesi and Moluccas
340:Comprehensive Catalog
242:
1113:West Halmahera Basin
991:West Caroline Trough
745:Great Sumatran Fault
708:South Bismarck Plate
693:North Bismarck Plate
580:Philippine Sea Plate
501:10.1029/2012JB009425
152:class=notpageimage|
1148: /
1088:Ontong Java Plateau
493:2012JGRB..117.9310L
439:1979GeoJ...57...51S
371:2005ReGeo..55..163J
307:2017JAESc.142..109W
1073:North Flores Basin
1023:Aru-Tanimbar Basin
985:New Britain Trench
980:Pocklington Trough
842:North Luzon Trough
770:Ramu-Markham Fault
245:
222:accretionary wedge
1131:
1130:
1118:West Natuna Basin
1043:East Natuna Basin
1004:
1003:
975:New Guinea Trench
955:Kilinailau Trench
862:East Luzon Trench
857:Philippine Trench
726:
725:
703:Solomon Sea Plate
662:Molucca Sea Plate
647:Bird's Head Plate
560:Convergence Zone)
218:sedimentary rocks
1193:
1181:Subduction zones
1163:
1162:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1068:North Biak Basin
960:Manokwari Trough
795:
794:
600:
599:
554:Australian Plate
535:
528:
521:
512:
511:
505:
504:
478:
469:
463:
462:
460:
450:
418:
412:
411:
391:
385:
384:
382:
359:Resource Geology
350:
344:
343:
328:
319:
318:
290:
259:(M 8.0) and the
138:
137:
122:
121:
106:
105:
86:
85:
70:
69:
54:
53:
34:
33:
27:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1166:
1165:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1127:
1010:
1009:Subsea plateaus
1000:
938:
934:Tanimbar Trough
917:
871:
832:Cotabato Trench
820:
806:Mentawai Trough
787:
779:
760:Palu-Koro Fault
722:
713:Trobriand Plate
676:
652:Halmahera Plate
642:Banda Sea Plate
630:
614:
589:
561:
542:Tectonic plates
539:
509:
508:
476:
470:
466:
448:10.1.1.926.8672
419:
415:
392:
388:
351:
347:
336:"Mindanao 2002"
329:
322:
291:
287:
282:
269:
237:
162:Cotabato Trench
158:
157:
156:
154:
148:
147:
146:
145:
144:
139:
131:
130:
129:
128:
123:
115:
114:
113:
112:
107:
99:
98:
97:
96:
87:
79:
78:
77:
76:
71:
63:
62:
61:
60:
55:
47:
46:
45:
44:
35:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1199:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1123:Woodlark Basin
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1058:Minahasa Basin
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1033:Benham Plateau
1030:
1028:Bengkulu Basin
1025:
1020:
1014:
1012:
1006:
1005:
1002:
1001:
999:
998:
993:
988:
987:(Bougainville)
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
946:
944:
940:
939:
937:
936:
931:
925:
923:
919:
918:
916:
915:
913:Ternate Trough
910:
905:
903:Sangihe Trough
900:
898:Salajar Trough
895:
890:
885:
879:
877:
873:
872:
870:
869:
864:
859:
854:
852:Palawan Trench
849:
844:
839:
834:
828:
826:
822:
821:
819:
818:
813:
808:
798:
792:
781:
780:
778:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
736:
734:
728:
727:
724:
723:
721:
720:
718:Woodlark Plate
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
684:
682:
678:
677:
675:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
638:
636:
632:
631:
629:
628:
622:
620:
616:
615:
613:
612:
606:
604:
597:
591:
590:
588:
587:
582:
577:
575:Caroline Plate
571:
569:
563:
562:
546:Southeast Asia
538:
537:
530:
523:
515:
507:
506:
487:(B9): B09310.
464:
413:
402:(7): 849–861.
386:
365:(3): 161–185.
345:
320:
284:
283:
281:
278:
268:
267:Tsunami hazard
265:
236:
233:
166:oceanic trench
150:
149:
142:
141:
140:
133:
132:
126:
125:
124:
117:
116:
110:
109:
108:
101:
100:
90:
89:
88:
81:
80:
74:
73:
72:
65:
64:
58:
57:
56:
49:
48:
38:
37:
36:
29:
28:
22:
21:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1198:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1164:
1161:
1152:6.0°N 123.6°E
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1018:Arafura Basin
1016:
1015:
1013:
1007:
997:
994:
992:
989:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
970:Mussau Trough
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
947:
945:
941:
935:
932:
930:
927:
926:
924:
920:
914:
911:
909:
908:Talaud Trough
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
880:
878:
874:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
847:Negros Trench
845:
843:
840:
838:
837:Manila Trench
835:
833:
830:
829:
827:
823:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:(Sunda) with
803:
800:
799:
796:
793:
791:
786:
782:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
737:
735:
733:
729:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
685:
683:
679:
673:
670:
668:
667:Sangihe Plate
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
639:
637:
633:
627:
624:
623:
621:
617:
611:
608:
607:
605:
601:
598:
596:
592:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
572:
570:
568:
564:
559:
558:Pacific Plate
555:
551:
547:
543:
536:
531:
529:
524:
522:
517:
516:
513:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
475:
468:
459:
454:
449:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
417:
409:
405:
401:
397:
390:
381:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
349:
341:
337:
333:
327:
325:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
289:
285:
277:
274:
264:
262:
258:
255:(M 8.3), the
254:
250:
241:
232:
230:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
206:Negros Trench
203:
202:Manila Trench
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
182:oceanic crust
179:
175:
171:
170:Pacific Ocean
167:
163:
153:
95:
94:
43:
42:
26:
19:
1133:
1103:Talaud Basin
893:Ceram Trough
888:Banda Trench
831:
816:Timor Trough
811:Sunda Trough
775:Sorong Fault
484:
480:
467:
433:(1): 51–65.
430:
426:
416:
399:
395:
389:
362:
358:
348:
339:
298:
294:
288:
273:tsunamigenic
270:
246:
196:beneath the
188:beneath the
161:
159:
92:
40:
18:
1155: /
1108:Weber Basin
1053:Manus Basin
965:Lyra Trough
867:Sulu Trench
825:Philippines
802:Java Trench
698:Manus Plate
688:Maoke Plate
672:Timor Plate
619:Philippines
610:Burma Plate
585:Sunda Plate
301:: 109–118.
190:Celebes Sea
186:Sunda Plate
178:Philippines
1170:Categories
1157:6.0; 123.6
1093:Sawu Basin
1038:Bula Basin
1011:and basins
950:Ayu Trough
943:New Guinea
929:Aur Trough
883:Aru Trough
681:New Guinea
550:New Guinea
280:References
249:megathrust
235:Seismicity
635:Indonesia
443:CiteSeerX
263:(M 7.5).
194:subducted
192:is being
1143:123°36′E
785:Trenches
226:adakitic
214:Pliocene
204:and the
174:Mindanao
790:troughs
489:Bibcode
435:Bibcode
367:Bibcode
303:Bibcode
220:in the
210:Miocene
184:of the
176:in the
168:in the
1140:6°00′N
732:Faults
445:
164:is an
922:Timor
595:Small
567:Large
477:(PDF)
788:and
603:West
332:ANSS
160:The
143:2019
127:2017
111:2014
93:2010
75:2009
59:2005
41:2002
544:of
497:doi
485:117
453:doi
404:doi
375:doi
311:doi
299:142
229:arc
212:to
1172::
495:.
483:.
479:.
451:.
441:.
431:57
429:.
425:.
400:18
398:.
373:.
363:55
361:.
357:.
338:.
334:.
323:^
309:.
297:.
556:–
552:(
548:–
534:e
527:t
520:v
503:.
499::
491::
461:.
455::
437::
410:.
406::
383:.
377::
369::
317:.
313::
305::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
