22:
108:(CPI). And there are many different definitions of sustainability applied to and used by companies. It remains difficult to say whether a company or other actor is operating sustainably or not because "there is no generally accepted set of indicators that could clearly delineate a status of sustainability from one of unsustainability. Therefore, the global status of sustainability, as well as the exact status of different actors, such as countries, companies, or individuals, is almost impossible to measure."
1228:
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97:"Triple bottom line" proposes that business goals were inseparable from the societies and environments within which they operate. While short-term economic gains could be pursued, failure to account the social and environmental impacts of these pursuits is believed to make those business practices unsustainable.
48:(CSR), though the two are not the same. Bansal and DesJardine (2014) state that the notion of 'time' discriminates sustainability from CSR and other similar concepts. Whereas ethics, morality, and norms permeate CSR, sustainability only obliges businesses to make intertemporal trade-offs to safeguard
41:, and proper employee development within business organizations. Firms will often express their commitment to corporate sustainability through a statement of Corporate Sustainability Standards (CSS), which are usually policies and measures that aim to meet, or exceed, minimum regulatory requirements.
127:
Similar to the eco-efficiency concept but so far less explored is the second criterion for corporate sustainability. Socio-efficiency describes the relation between a firm's value added and its social impact. Whereas, it can be assumed that most corporate impacts on the environment are negative
131:
Both eco-efficiency and socio-efficiency are concerned primarily with increasing economic sustainability. In this process they instrumentalise both natural and social capital aiming to benefit from win-win situations. Some point towards eco-effectiveness, socio-effectiveness, sufficiency, and
150:
proposes that by having an engaging environment within a company and within the community it operates will improve performance and increase profits. This can be attained through open communications with stakeholders characterized by high levels of information disclosure, clarity, and
93:
The idea of meeting present economic needs without reducing the ability of future generations to meet their own economic needs became a popular approach in the business world's implementation of sustainable development, referred to as "corporate sustainable development."
36:
is an approach aiming to create long-term stakeholder value through the implementation of a business strategy that focuses on the ethical, social, environmental, cultural, and economic dimensions of doing business. The strategies created are intended to foster longevity,
135:
Theorists agree that respect for issues other than economics is an important matter. The
Business Case for Sustainability (BCS) has had many different approaches for ways to approve or disapprove the economic rationale for corporate sustainability management.
21:
128:(apart from rare exceptions such as the planting of trees) this is not true for social impacts. These can be either positive (e.g. corporate giving, creation of employment) or negative (e.g. work accidents, human rights abuses).
82:, defined sustainable development as "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It contains within it two key concpets:
341:
Ashrafi, M.; Adams, M.; Walker, T. R.; Magnan, G. (17 November 2018). "How corporate social responsibility can be integrated into corporate sustainability: a theoretical review of their relationships".
171:
Envisioning the future enables companies to generate fresh ideas for implementation. These ideas can either reduce productions costs, increase profits, or provide a better image for the organization.
159:
is attained when a company educates its employees and outside stakeholders (customers, suppliers, and the entire community) and move them to act on matters such as waste reduction or
718:
Salzmann, Oliver; Ionescu-somers, Aileen; Steger, Ulrich (1 February 2005). "The
Business Case for Corporate Sustainability:: Literature Review and Research Options".
236:
Ashrafi, Mehrnaz; Acciaro, Michele; Walker, Tony R.; Magnan, Gregory M.; Adams, Michelle (20 May 2019). "Corporate sustainability in
Canadian and US maritime ports".
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2153:
745:
Schnackenberg, A.; Tomlinson, E. (2014). "Organizational
Transparency: A New Perspective on Managing Trust in Organization-Stakeholder Relationships".
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Grimm, Jörg H.; Hofstetter, Joerg S.; Sarkis, Joseph (20 January 2016). "Exploring sub-suppliers' compliance with corporate sustainability standards".
26:
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found that companies with a high number of female board members were more likely to reduce their environmental impact and improve energy efficiency.
937:"Strengthen Your Business by Developing Your Employees", by Leslie Levine—Business Resources, Advice and Forms for Large and Small Businesses, 2010
89:"the idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and social organization on the environment's ability to meet present and future needs."
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Whether corporate sustainability can be measured remains contested. There are composite measures that include measures of environmental, social,
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1837:
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van
Marrewijk, Marcel (1 May 2003). "Concepts and Definitions of CSR and Corporate Sustainability: Between Agency and Communion".
86:"the concept of 'needs', in particular the essential needs of the world's poor, to which overriding priority should be given; and
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Montiel, Ivan; Delgado-Ceballos, Javier (June 2014). "Defining and
Measuring Corporate Sustainability: Are We There Yet?".
686:"Can businesses move beyond efficiency? The shift toward effectiveness and equity in the corporate sustainability debate"
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Werbach, Adam. Strategy for
Sustainability: a Business Manifesto. Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business, 2009. Print.
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is usually calculated as the economic value added by a firm in relation to its aggregated ecological impact.
2012:
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Bansal, Pratima (2005). "Evolving
Sustainably: A Longitudinal Study of Corporate Sustainable Development".
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Organizational Change for
Corporate Sustainability: A Guide for Leaders and Change Agents of the Future
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Dočekalová, M. P.; Kocmanová, A. (2016). "Composite indicator for measuring corporate sustainability".
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The most broadly accepted criterion for corporate sustainability constitutes a firm's efficient use of
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Dyllick, Thomas; Hockerts, Kai (March 2002). "Beyond the business case for corporate sustainability".
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948:"Handbook on Corporate Social Responsibility in India", Sachin Shukla et al – PwC India, 2013.
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eco-equity as four criteria that need to be met if sustainable development is to be reached.
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Dyllick, T.; Hockerts, K. (2002). "Beyond the business case for corporate sustainability".
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Sustainability management: global perspectives on concepts, instruments, and stakeholders
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Business strategy that focuses on sustainability as a core aspect of the business
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942:"Walmart Sustainability Report 2010 – Environment – Waste." Walmartstores.com.
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Eco-Efficiency by Eco-Controlling: On the
Implementation of Emas and ISO 14001
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In Search of the Triple Bottom line – Case Studies in Corporate Sustainability
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807:"More Female Board Directors Add Up to Improved Sustainability Performance"
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781:"Development Solutions: How to fight climate change with gender equality"
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The Harvard Law School Program on Corporate Governance Discussion Paper
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Atkinson, Giles (March 2000). "Measuring Corporate Sustainability".
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International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology
1977:
166:
1950:
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915:
Dunphy, Dexter Colboyd; Griffiths, Andrew; Benn, Suzanne (2003).
962:– Non-profit association supporting sustainability professionals
1614:
29:
promoting corporate responsibility and sustainable development.
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A a 2012 study by the University of California Berkeley's
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445:
World Commission on Environment and Development (1991) .
340:
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UN Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm 1972)
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Bansal, Pratima; DesJardine, Mark R. (February 2014).
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International Society of Sustainability Professionals
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27:United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
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830:Journal of Environmental Planning and Management
650:
631:
403:
44:Corporate sustainability is often confused with
864:
684:Young, William; Tilley, Fiona (November 2006).
656:
52:. Short-termism is the bane of sustainability.
2179:Rio Declaration on Environment and Development
212:Environmental, social and corporate governance
1281:
981:
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636:. vdf, Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH ZĂĽrich.
632:Schaltegger, Stefan; Sturm, Andreas (1998).
995:
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406:"Business sustainability: It is about time"
279:Purkayastha, Debapratim (1 February 2019).
278:
60:The phrase is derived from the concept of "
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2190:Convention on Biological Diversity (1992)
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2218:UN Conference on Sustainable Development
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104:, and economic performance, such as the
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140:Principles for corporate sustainability
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1788:Corporate environmental responsibility
477:
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867:Business Strategy and the Environment
693:Business Strategy and the Environment
659:Business Strategy and the Environment
384:
2161:Brundtlandt Commission Report (1983)
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804:
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387:"Social Responsibility Resolutions"
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1803:Environmental full-cost accounting
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1737:Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity
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2207:UN Millennium Declaration (2000)
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805:Tom, Pamela (15 November 2012).
217:Index of sustainability articles
1793:Corporate social responsibility
1722:Ocean thermal energy conversion
1661:Community-supported agriculture
1346:Human impact on the environment
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174:Diversity, Equity and Inclusion
46:corporate social responsibility
2033:Socially responsible marketing
558:Organization & Environment
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2224:Sustainable Development Goals
2028:Socially responsible business
543:10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.012
364:10.1080/13504509.2018.1471628
328:10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.11.036
308:Journal of Cleaner Production
258:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.02.098
238:Journal of Cleaner Production
222:
106:Complex Performance Indicator
480:Strategic Management Journal
285:. IBS Case Research Center.
7:
2053:Sustainability organization
1838:Standards and certification
1429:Social return on investment
720:European Management Journal
449:. Oxford University Press.
185:
10:
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1478:Systemic change resistance
888:Journal of Business Ethics
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603:. Fellbach: Hahn RĂĽdiger.
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1656:Climate-smart agriculture
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732:10.1016/j.emj.2004.12.007
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1798:Environmental accounting
1547:Sustainable architecture
1537:Environmental technology
1245:Aspects of organizations
785:European Investment Bank
759:10.1177/0149206314525202
570:10.1177/1086026614526413
423:10.1177/1476127013520265
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50:intergenerational equity
34:Corporate sustainability
1671:Sustainable agriculture
1139:Social entrepreneurship
900:10.1023/A:1023331212247
179:Haas School of Business
62:sustainable development
2214:(Rio+10, Johannesburg)
2083:Sustainable management
2068:Urban drainage systems
1808:Environmental planning
1772:Water recycling shower
1762:Tidal stream generator
1557:Sustainable industries
1516:Sustainable population
1501:Demographic transition
1483:Tragedy of the commons
1240:Aspects of occupations
850:10.1080/09640560010694
599:Hahn, RĂĽdiger (2022).
410:Strategic Organization
155:Stakeholder engagement
30:
25:A 2014 session by the
2106:Humanistic capitalism
1921:Environmental finance
1562:Sustainable packaging
1250:Aspects of workplaces
1149:Social responsibility
747:Journal of Management
523:Ecological Indicators
385:Hirst, Scott (2016).
74:Brundtland Commission
24:
2321:Sustainable business
2073:Urban infrastructure
1767:Water heat recycling
1590:Conservation biology
1434:Steady-state economy
1409:Micro-sustainability
1394:Ecological footprint
1351:Planetary boundaries
919:. Psychology Press.
192:Sustainable business
102:corporate governance
2174:Earth Summit (1992)
1828:Metrics and indices
1681:Sustainable fishery
1600:Holocene extinction
1419:Product stewardship
1389:Earth Overshoot Day
842:2000JEPM...43..235A
535:2016EcInd..61..612D
356:2018IJSDW..25..672A
320:2016JCPro.112.1971G
250:2019JCPro.220..386A
197:Sustainable finance
1633:Sustainable energy
1595:Endangered species
1552:Sustainable design
1466:Consumer behaviour
1231:See also templates
207:EthicalQuote (CEQ)
70:triple bottom line
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2195:Lisbon Principles
2167:Our Common Future
1845:Sustainable yield
1651:Civic agriculture
1404:Green consumption
1341:Global governance
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944:Web. 1 July 2010.
926:978-0-415-28740-1
643:978-3-7281-2415-9
610:978-3-9823211-0-3
447:Our common future
292:978-81-314-2847-4
161:energy efficiency
79:Our Common Future
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2008:Organic movement
1983:Impact investing
1702:Hydroelectricity
1676:Sustainable diet
1628:Renewable energy
1623:Carbon footprint
1605:Invasive species
1542:Natural building
1493:World population
1454:Marketing myopia
1414:Over-consumption
1384:Circular economy
1379:Anti-consumerism
1336:Environmentalism
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609:
591:
564:(2): 113–139.
548:
513:
486:(3): 197–218.
470:
455:
437:
396:
377:
350:(8): 672–682.
333:
298:
291:
271:
227:
226:
224:
221:
220:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
187:
184:
183:
182:
175:
172:
169:
167:Thinking ahead
164:
157:
152:
148:
141:
138:
122:eco-efficiency
113:
110:
91:
90:
87:
57:
54:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2333:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2306:
2296:
2295:
2292:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2201:Earth Charter
2199:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2091:Environmental
2089:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2023:Refurbishment
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2013:Organizations
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1926:Green economy
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1911:Eco-socialism
1909:
1907:
1906:Eco-investing
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1891:Disinvestment
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1846:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1779:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1712:Marine energy
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1666:Cultured meat
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1424:Simple living
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1298:
1291:
1286:
1284:
1279:
1277:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1039:Entertainment
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1024:Communication
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1014:Appointeeship
1012:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1003:
999:
991:
986:
984:
979:
977:
972:
971:
968:
961:
958:
957:
949:
946:
943:
940:
938:
935:
932:
928:
922:
918:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
894:(2): 95–105.
893:
889:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
826:
825:
812:
808:
801:
786:
782:
776:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
741:
733:
729:
725:
721:
714:
706:
702:
698:
694:
687:
680:
672:
668:
664:
660:
653:
645:
639:
635:
628:
620:
616:
612:
606:
602:
595:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
552:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
517:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
474:
466:
462:
458:
456:0-19-282080-X
452:
448:
441:
433:
429:
424:
419:
415:
411:
407:
400:
393:(2016–06): 8.
392:
388:
381:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
337:
329:
325:
321:
317:
314:: 1971–1984.
313:
309:
302:
294:
288:
284:
283:
275:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
232:
228:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
189:
180:
176:
173:
170:
168:
165:
162:
158:
156:
153:
149:
147:
144:
143:
137:
133:
129:
125:
123:
119:
109:
107:
103:
98:
95:
88:
85:
84:
83:
81:
80:
75:
71:
67:
63:
53:
51:
47:
42:
40:
35:
28:
23:
19:
2275:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2242:
2166:
1931:Construction
1854:Applications
1572:Biodiversity
1331:Anthropocene
1194:Transparency
1163:
1144:Social media
998:corporations
916:
891:
887:
870:
866:
833:
829:
810:
800:
790:17 September
788:. Retrieved
784:
775:
750:
746:
740:
726:(1): 27–36.
723:
719:
713:
696:
692:
679:
662:
658:
652:
633:
627:
600:
594:
561:
557:
551:
526:
522:
516:
483:
479:
473:
446:
440:
416:(1): 70–78.
413:
409:
399:
390:
380:
347:
343:
336:
311:
307:
301:
281:
274:
241:
237:
231:
146:Transparency
134:
130:
126:
115:
105:
99:
96:
92:
77:
59:
43:
39:transparency
33:
32:
18:
2147:conferences
2018:Procurement
1961:Development
1861:Advertising
1823:Measurement
1757:Tidal power
1752:Small hydro
1717:Micro hydro
1580:Biosecurity
1532:Appropriate
1461:Sustainable
1444:Advertising
1366:Consumption
1356:Development
1104:Psychopathy
1079:Opportunity
1074:Nationalism
1019:Citizenship
996:Aspects of
529:: 612–623.
244:: 386–397.
76:'s Report,
66:Elkington's
2038:Sanitation
1993:Livelihood
1916:Ecovillage
1901:Eco-cities
1818:Accounting
1727:Pico hydro
1707:Hydropower
1525:Technology
1323:Principles
1119:Resolution
1099:Propaganda
1069:Narcissism
1054:Interlocks
619:1302310975
223:References
2305:Companies
2131:Recycling
2126:Planetary
2116:Materials
2111:Landscape
2096:Fisheries
2063:Transport
1988:Landscape
1971:Marketing
1946:Gardening
1886:Community
1833:Reporting
1697:Footprint
1585:Biosphere
1059:Liability
1034:Despotism
908:189900614
858:154282221
811:Haas News
767:144442748
586:145688373
578:1086-0266
500:0143-2095
432:154779480
372:158792026
266:159125203
151:accuracy.
2315:Category
2244:Category
2043:Sourcing
1978:Greening
1871:Business
1747:Security
1742:Scarcity
1179:Taxonomy
1154:Sourcing
1134:Services
1129:Security
1124:Scandals
1114:Recovery
1094:Promoter
1049:Identity
508:20142218
465:15489268
186:See also
120:. This
68:(1997) "
2277:Degrees
2270:Studies
2263:Science
2058:Tourism
1951:Geopark
1941:Finance
1936:Fashion
1511:Control
1399:Ethical
1308:Outline
1189:Trainer
1169:Synergy
1159:Statism
838:Bibcode
822:Sources
531:Bibcode
352:Bibcode
316:Bibcode
246:Bibcode
72:." The
2291:Portal
2226:(2015)
2203:(2000)
2197:(1997)
2181:(1992)
2169:(1987)
2101:Forest
2003:Market
1998:Living
1615:Energy
1471:Market
1199:Travel
1084:Pathos
1044:Ethics
923:
906:
856:
765:
640:
617:
607:
584:
576:
506:
498:
463:
453:
430:
370:
289:
264:
64:" and
56:Origin
2256:Lists
2136:Waste
2048:Space
1956:Green
1690:Water
1449:Brand
1313:Index
1214:Video
1204:Trust
1184:Title
1089:Power
1029:Crime
1009:Abuse
904:S2CID
854:S2CID
763:S2CID
689:(PDF)
582:S2CID
504:JSTOR
428:S2CID
368:S2CID
262:S2CID
112:Scope
1876:City
1643:Food
1209:Veil
1109:Raid
921:ISBN
792:2020
638:ISBN
615:OCLC
605:ISBN
574:ISSN
496:ISSN
461:OCLC
451:ISBN
287:ISBN
1866:Art
1174:Tax
896:doi
875:doi
846:doi
755:doi
728:doi
701:doi
667:doi
566:doi
539:doi
488:doi
418:doi
360:doi
324:doi
312:112
254:doi
242:220
2317::
902:.
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871:11
869:.
852:.
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832:.
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761:.
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724:23
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691:.
663:11
661:.
613:.
580:.
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484:26
482:.
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414:12
412:.
408:.
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310:.
260:.
252:.
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898::
881:.
877::
860:.
848::
840::
794:.
769:.
757::
734:.
730::
707:.
703::
673:.
669::
646:.
621:.
588:.
568::
545:.
541::
533::
510:.
490::
467:.
434:.
420::
374:.
362::
354::
330:.
326::
318::
295:.
268:.
256::
248::
163:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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