1196:
Teimer brothers. The oboe and cor anglais writing in these original
Bohemian/Viennese trios by Johan Went and Joseph Triebensee are notable as written by oboists for oboists and include some early examples of florid virtuosic writing for the cor anglais, paving the way for similar writing to come. In 1796 Johann and Franz Teimer died. The first recorded performance of an oboe trio was 1793 (which Beethoven attended). While the Teimer brothers performed in Vienna and environs, over 20 oboe trios were composed. Phillip Teimer continued to play the cor anglais in Schikaneder's opera house in Vienna. He also sang some roles with the company due to his sonorous bass voice. Many cor anglais parts were specially written for him by Stengel, Süssmayr, Paer, Winter, Weigl, Eberl, Eybler, Salieri, Hummel, Schacht and Fisher.
1076:
110:
27:
124:
2406:
1679:
1261:
1751:
1029:
The cane part of the reed is wider and longer than that of the oboe. Unlike
American-style oboe reeds, cor anglais reeds typically have some wire at the base, approximately 5 mm (0.20 in) from the top of the string used to attach the cane to the staple. This wire serves to hold the two blades of cane together and stabilize tone and pitch.
1028:
Reeds used to play the cor anglais are similar to those used for an oboe, consisting of a piece of cane folded in two. While the cane on an oboe reed is mounted on a small metal tube (the staple) partially covered in cork, there is no such cork on a cor anglais reed, which fits directly on the bocal.
1195:
were written in the 1770s. The
Schwarzenberg Wind Harmonie of 1771 employed 2 cors anglais as well as 2 oboes, 2 bassoons and 2 horns. Johan Went was first cor anglais and Ignaz Teimer (father of the Teimer brothers) was second cor anglais. The first oboe trios were composed by Johan Went for the
850:
higher than the instrument sounds. The fingering and playing technique used for the cor anglais are essentially the same as those of the oboe, and oboists typically double on the cor anglais when required. The cor anglais normally lacks the lowest
1064:(Howarth) or violet wood (Lorée), which are said to alter the voice of the cor anglais slightly, producing a more mellow sound. Fox has recently made some instruments in plastic resin and maple, the latter being the wood traditionally used for
1209:
in
English was in 1870. In the UK the instrument is colloquially generally referred to as the "cor". The local equivalent for "English horn" is used in most other European languages, while a few languages use their equivalent of "alto oboe".
940:. In late-18th- and early-19th-century Italy, where the instrument was often played by bassoonists instead of oboists, it was notated in the bass clef an octave below sounding pitch (as found in
1161:
in the vernacular of the time, the "angelic horn" became the "English horn". In the absence of any better alternative, the curved, bulb-belled tenor oboe then retained the name even after the
921:
that expands over a greater distance than the oboe's; although darker in tone and lower in pitch than the oboe, its sound is distinct from (though naturally blends with) the sound of the
1589:
for soprano and piano (1907), in the composer's arrangements for soprano, oboe, English horn, clarinet, and bassoon (1923), and violin, oboe, English horn, clarinet, and bassoon (1933)
1199:
Considering the name "cor anglais", it is ironic that the instrument was not regularly used in France before about 1800 or in
England before the 1830s. It is mentioned in the
917:
member. The cor anglais is perceived to have a more mellow and plaintive tone than the oboe. The difference in sound results primarily from a wider reed and a
689:
2932:
Musical Wind
Instruments: A History of the Wind Instruments Used in European Orchestras and Wind-Bands from the Later Middle Ages Up to the Present Time
2838:
Musical Wind
Instruments: A History of the Wind Instruments Used in European Orchestras and Wind-Bands from the Later Middle Ages Up to the Present Time
2725:, translated from the French by Hugh Macdonald (Cambridge Musical Texts and Monographs. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002): 108.
2378:
1561:
925:
family. Its appearance differs from the oboe in that the instrument is notably longer, the reed is attached to a slightly curved metal tube called the
1165:
fell into disuse around 1760. The name first appeared regularly in
Italian, German, and Austrian scores from 1749 on, usually in the Italian form
2776:
954:
notated the instrument at sounding pitch in the mezzo-soprano clef, which enabled the player to read the part as if it were in the treble clef.
975:) have existed since early in the 19th century. Examples of works requiring this note (while acknowledging its exceptional nature) include
1482:† Though concertante in nature, these are just orchestral works featuring extensive solos, with the player seated within the orchestra
936:, a perfect fifth higher than sounding pitch. Alto clef written at sounding pitch is occasionally used, even by as late a composer as
3614:
682:
1097:, but the instrument is neither from England nor related to the various conical-bore brass instruments called "horns", such as the
4151:
2907:, second edition, revised, Joyce Bourne, associate editor (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2006); A. J. Greimas,
2853:
1205:
from 1838 as "The
English Horn, or Corno Inglese, is a deeper-toned oboe ", while the first identified printed use of the term
3115:
2986:
2257:
675:
2203:
2119:
1250:
4161:
2943:
2809:
2762:
2754:
2730:
2688:
2680:
2453:
2343:
2336:
2298:
1941:
1726:
1308:
1021:
41:
2701:
2435:
1933:
Joseph Haydn's
Divertimento in F, for two violins, two English horns, two horns & two bassoons Hob. II: 6 (1760)
1708:
1290:
2620:
1619:
4156:
2056:
2020:
2785:
2650:
2900:
2431:
2244:
2237:
2156:
1840:
1704:
1286:
1025:, even writes for the cor anglais down to low A, though it seems unlikely that such an extension ever existed.
2632:
909:. Whereas the oboe is the soprano instrument of the oboe family, the cor anglais is generally regarded as the
3607:
2888:
2230:
2223:
2216:
1386:
562:
3691:
3510:
2427:
1910:
1896:
1759:
1700:
1644:
Johan Went's Trio for 2 oboes and English horn, Pas de Deux in C major de Signore e Signora Vigano c.(1790)
1282:
2075:
2263:
2774:
Michael Finkelman, "Oboe: III. Larger and Smaller European Oboes, 4. Tenor Oboes, (iv) English Horn",
1739:
The English horn's timbre makes it well suited to the performance of expressive, melancholic solos in
1060:
Grenadilla), although some makers offer instruments in a choice of alternative woods as well, such as
3108:
2979:
2638:
1920:
1321:
Until the 20th century, there were few solo pieces for the instrument with a large ensemble (such as
1184:
3600:
2416:
2293:
1689:
1271:
4105:
3981:
3678:
3640:
2420:
2142:
2107:
1927:
1815:
1693:
1275:
823:
family. It is approximately one and a half times the length of an oboe, making it essentially an
348:
1656:'s Sonata in F minor for English Horn (or Viola) and Piano (published ca. 1831), one of the few
4141:
3760:
2875:
2858:
2314:
1632:
Johan Went's Trio for 2 oboes and English horn, Petite Serenade Concertante in F major c.(1790)
1614:
Josef Triebensee's Trio for 2 oboes and English horn, Variations on a Theme by Haydn c.(1794–6)
1585:
1228:
in modern French), but this has been rejected on grounds that there is no evidence of the term
1171:
The earliest known orchestral part specifically for the instrument is in the Vienna version of
831:
809:
1755:
1016:
2702:"English Horn - English Horns: The Enigmatic Beauty of the Cor Anglais - Cor Anglais Meaning"
2168:
1824:
1797:
1549:
Franz Krommer's Trio for 2 oboes and English horn, Variations on a Theme by Pleyel c.(1794–6)
1192:
1006:
991:
944:
2606:
4085:
3861:
3815:
3648:
3371:
3101:
2972:
2186:
2177:
2064:
1638:
Johan Went's Trio for 2 oboes and English horn, Variations on a Theme by Paisiello c.(1790)
1498:
1469:
67:
913:
member of the family, and the oboe d'amore—pitched between the two in the key of A—as the
8:
3971:
3890:
3701:
3530:
3421:
3161:
3016:
2387:
2366:
2212:
2052:
2036:
2027:
1876:
1592:
1570:'s Andante arioso, Andante and Adagio for wind quintet with featured cor anglais (1817-9)
1552:
1446:
1129:
816:
613:
596:
207:
48:
34:
4075:
2086:
1172:
951:
4070:
3976:
3820:
3211:
2467:
2354:
2319:
2283:
2147:
2095:
1948:
1916:
1848:
1641:
Johan Went's Trio for 2 oboes and English horn, Variations on a Theme by Haydn c.(1790)
1358:
1142:
996:
198:
136:
3411:
3246:
2163:
1416:, for obbligato English horn and orchestra (1995–96), part of the orchestral triptych
4115:
3993:
3986:
3668:
3663:
3441:
3431:
3381:
2939:
2912:
2854:"Die Oboeinstrumente in tieferer Stimmlage – Teil 5: Das Englischhorn in der Klassik"
2805:
2758:
2750:
2726:
2684:
2676:
2328:
2114:
1974:
1936:
1835:
1375:
1365:
1343:
1213:
Due to the earlier bowed or angular forms it took, the suggestion has been made that
1053:
1041:
976:
941:
411:
342:
1964:
4058:
4053:
3226:
2488:
2015:
1993:
1883:
1829:
1806:
1770:
1602:
1533:
1399:
1201:
1075:
937:
835:
761:
755:
715:
277:
82:
1463:
3721:
3436:
3231:
3196:
3171:
3061:
3031:
2821:
2479:
2361:
2274:
2269:
2042:
1785:
1647:
1635:
Johan Went's Trio for 2 oboes and English horn, Divertimento in Bb major c.(1790)
1611:
Josef Triebensee's Trio for 2 oboes and English horn, Trio in Bb major c.(1794–6)
1580:
1435:
1409:
1381:
906:
792:
709:
180:
155:
53:
1906:
1608:
Josef Triebensee's Trio for 2 oboes and English horn, Trio in C major c.(1794–6)
1001:
4146:
4110:
3856:
3726:
3623:
3581:
3309:
3299:
3135:
3041:
2742:
2668:
2537:
2349:
2307:
1998:
1981:
1871:
1792:
1780:
1661:
1527:
1521:
1511:
1119:
608:
160:
94:
3406:
4135:
4038:
3876:
3550:
3515:
3216:
2964:
2781:
2519:
2473:
2373:
2252:
2071:
2005:
1888:
1626:
1543:
1491:
1441:
1423:
1353:
1333:
1218:
1032:
Perhaps the best-known makers of modern cors anglais are the French firms of
986:
914:
847:
839:
628:
572:
284:
224:
117:
109:
101:
2287:(1913) Mainly in the Intro to Part I and the next-to-last dance in Part II,
3956:
3535:
3324:
3236:
3156:
3082:
3077:
3011:
2546:
2199:
2128:
1629:'s 'The Curlew' for singer, flute, cor anglais and string quartet (1920–22)
1567:
1393:
1326:
1188:
1102:
1045:
981:
918:
501:
145:
3093:
2916:
898:
526:
4048:
4023:
3746:
3631:
3469:
3221:
3186:
3124:
3051:
2934:(London: Macmillan and Co., 1939): 143; Sybil Marcuse, "Cor anglais", in
2102:
1138:
1098:
846:(a C instrument). This means that music for the cor anglais is written a
813:
797:
623:
401:
369:
359:
304:
170:
75:
1033:
1011:
4065:
4043:
3998:
3951:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3851:
3560:
3426:
3274:
2927:
2833:
2797:
1861:
1744:
1653:
1453:
1110:
875:
two octaves above middle C. Some versions being made today have a Low B
603:
578:
546:
516:
469:
426:
314:
309:
299:
244:
26:
3505:
2938:, revised edition, The Norton Library (New York: W. W. Norton, 1975).
1124:
4120:
4033:
3966:
3961:
3941:
3871:
3805:
3790:
3391:
3279:
3241:
3181:
3046:
2266:'s Symphony No. 2 "The Odyssey" (3rd movement, "The Isle of Calypso")
1740:
1429:
1322:
1106:
1049:
643:
618:
583:
567:
536:
476:
294:
259:
165:
123:
78:
58:
3785:
3525:
2959:
2405:
1678:
1260:
4028:
4018:
3946:
3835:
3795:
3653:
3576:
3520:
3474:
3304:
3289:
3284:
3269:
3201:
3191:
3139:
3056:
3026:
1329:). Important examples of such concertos and concertante works are:
1061:
1037:
868:
857:
key found on most oboes, and so its sounding range stretches from E
551:
511:
486:
431:
421:
319:
234:
214:
175:
3592:
1137:, resembled the horns played by angels in religious images of the
1057:
4013:
3866:
3830:
3800:
3686:
3540:
3446:
3386:
3345:
3319:
3294:
3206:
1114:
1065:
922:
556:
521:
496:
491:
446:
441:
406:
324:
254:
219:
1750:
1650:'s Trio for 2 oboes and English horn, Trio in C major c.(1794–6)
1605:'s Trio for 2 oboes and English horn, Trio in F major c.(1794–6)
1564:'s Trio for 2 oboes and English horn, Trio in F major c.(1794–6)
957:
Although the instrument usually descends only to (written) low B
4080:
4003:
3810:
3780:
3775:
3741:
3731:
3545:
3500:
3459:
3416:
3350:
3314:
2909:
Dictionnaire de l'ancien français jusqu'au milieu du XIV siècle
2876:"Teimer Oboe Trio and their patrons the Princes Schwarzenbergs"
2784:
and John Tyrrell (London: Macmillan Publishers, 2001); also at
2082:
1986:
1657:
902:
661:
638:
456:
396:
379:
289:
264:
3711:
3401:
2804:, second edition (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1969).
2723:
Berlioz's Orchestration Treatise: A Translation and Commentary
1546:'s Trio for 2 oboes and English horn, Trio in F major c.(1794)
4008:
3925:
3825:
3736:
3658:
3555:
3495:
3479:
3464:
3454:
3376:
3355:
3329:
3264:
1577:
for flute, oboe, clarinet, English horn and bassoon (1955–56)
1426:'s Fantasy for English horn, harp and string orchestra (1952)
926:
764:
633:
541:
531:
436:
391:
374:
364:
354:
239:
929:, or crook, and the bell has a bulbous shape ("Liebesfuß").
724:
3905:
3716:
3166:
3021:
2996:
2049:
Melodrama in Two Parts, (Part II No. 21 Largo assai) (1790)
1524:'s "Kleine Suite" for English horn and piano, Op. 87 (1911)
1052:, are also sought after. Instruments are usually made from
933:
910:
843:
820:
779:
767:
744:
735:
506:
481:
451:
416:
329:
249:
150:
2749:(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981): 158–59.
1623:
for flute, oboe, clarinet, English horn and bassoon (1928)
1141:. This gave rise in German-speaking central Europe to the
1127:. The two-keyed, open-belled, straight tenor oboe (French
732:
3706:
3396:
773:
738:
1362:
for trumpet, English horn, and string orchestra (1940) †
1133:, "tenor oboe"), and more particularly the flare-belled
881:
key to extend the range down one more note to sounding E
2911:, second edition (Paris: Librarie Larousse, 1968): 31.
2675:(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981): 143.
1668:
1179:
dating from 1749, where it was given the Italian name
2623:, 3rd edition, Pearson Education Limited, 2008, p.185
721:
718:
963:, continental instruments with an extension to low B
776:
741:
1501:'s Trio for 2 oboes and English horn, Op. 87 (1795)
1390:
for flute, English horn and string orchestra (1948)
1117:about 1720 when a bulb bell was fitted to a curved
770:
729:
1858:Emmanuel Chabrier's "Lamento" for orchestra (1875)
2651:"This is how the oboe and the cor anglais differ"
1438:'s Concerto for English horn and orchestra (2013)
1432:'s Concerto for English horn and orchestra (1992)
932:The cor anglais is usually notated in the treble
4133:
1754:Opening motive from the 2nd movement (Largo) of
1466:' Concerto for English horn and orchestra (1989)
2936:Musical Instruments: A Comprehensive Dictionary
2777:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1396:'s Rhapsody for English horn and strings (1948)
2994:
2181:, aria: "Soffri la tua sventura … Amica speme"
1232:before it was offered as a possible origin of
905:than the oboe, closer in tonal quality to the
3608:
3109:
2980:
1508:, for 2 oboes and English horn, WoO 28 (1796)
901:) of the cor anglais gives it a more covered
683:
1340:for English horn and string orchestra (1954)
1244:
3123:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2582:Silvestrini, Paysage avec Pyrame eet Thisbe
2434:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1707:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1530:'s Sonata for English Horn and Piano (1941)
1289:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1048:. Instruments from smaller makers, such as
3615:
3601:
3116:
3102:
2987:
2973:
2611:, Cambridge University Press, 2011, p. 110
2605:Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary,
1747:) as well as operas. Famous examples are:
1191:followed suit in the 1750s, and the first
690:
676:
2848:
2846:
2454:Learn how and when to remove this message
1727:Learn how and when to remove this message
1309:Learn how and when to remove this message
892:
2657:
2552:Head, Raymond, No Nights are Dark Enough
2379:Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
1749:
1074:
1070:
2840:(London: Macmillan and Co., 1939): 144.
2822:History of the English horn/cor anglais
2504:Caldini, F., Aria di Eliogabalo, Op. 18
2326:Ralph Vaughan Williams' Symphony No. 2
4134:
2843:
2768:
2485:Bentzon, J., Rhapsodique Etude, Op. 10
1599:for cor anglais and two violins (2011)
116:Written pitch, notated in F, sounds a
3596:
3138:and sextuple reeds; does not include
3097:
2968:
2528:Dagher, Abdo, The New Egyptian-Arabic
1350:for English horn and orchestra (1875)
791:
2432:adding citations to reliable sources
2399:
1705:adding citations to reliable sources
1672:
1669:Solos in orchestral works and dramas
1287:adding citations to reliable sources
1254:
1040:, and Rigoutat, the British firm of
3622:
1506:Variations on "Là ci darem la mano"
1372:for solo English horn and orchestra
1123:-type body by the Weigel family of
950:). French operatic composers up to
13:
1960:Ich bin der Welt abhanden gekommen
1928:Symphony No. 22, "The Philosopher"
1251:List of concertos for English horn
122:
108:
14:
4173:
2953:
2498:Brandon, J., In the City at Night
2299:Romeo and Juliet Fantasy Overture
2137:Lauda per la Natività del Signore
1942:Symphony on a French Mountain Air
1518:for English horn and piano (1940)
2621:Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
2404:
2395:
2024:score – "Riddle of Steel" (1982)
1677:
1557:Parable XV for Solo English Horn
1485:
1259:
760:
714:
25:
2921:
2894:
2882:
2868:
2827:
2824:at the Vienna Symphonic Library
2815:
2802:The Harvard Dictionary of Music
2791:
2501:Caldini, F., Abendstück, Op. 12
2302:(1870) (Love Theme, Exposition)
1990:Ballet Suite (Madrilène) (1885)
1458:Elegy for English horn and Band
1378:'s Concertino in G major (1816)
1224:(angular, or bent at an angle,
1113:. The instrument originated in
68:Hornbostel–Sachs classification
4152:Single oboes with conical bore
2905:The Oxford Dictionary of Music
2736:
2715:
2694:
2643:
2626:
2614:
2599:
2576:Pfiffner, Miniature d'Umbria I
2567:Lawrence, Echoes in Wilderness
2534:Douglas, Paul Marshall, Luquet
2289:Ritual Action of the Ancestors
1921:Symphony No. 4 in E-flat major
1841:In the Steppes of Central Asia
1:
2592:
2579:Rudin, R., Recitativ und Arie
2513:Carter, E., A 6-letter Letter
1777:(Act II: Introduzione) (1827)
1620:Quinteto (em forma de chôros)
1239:
1080:
897:The pear-shaped bell (called
2960:English horn fingering guide
2780:, second edition, edited by
2555:Isaacson, M., A Quiet Prayer
1801:: "D’amour l’ardente flamme"
7:
2510:Carbon, J., Four Impromptus
2305:Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's
1540:, Op. 216, Nr. 11 (1947–48)
1494:for English horn includes:
16:Woodwind musical instrument
10:
4178:
3177:Cor anglais (English horn)
3134:(also includes those with
3037:Cor anglais (English horn)
2245:Symphony No. 11 in G minor
2238:Symphony No. 10 in E minor
2154:Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov's
1930:(1764) (two English horns)
1248:
1236:in the late 19th century.
4098:
3934:
3898:
3889:
3844:
3768:
3759:
3677:
3639:
3630:
3569:
3488:
3364:
3338:
3255:
3147:
3132:
3070:
3004:
2639:Oxford English Dictionary
2344:Symphony No. 6 in E minor
2337:Symphony No. 5 in D major
2231:Symphony No. 8 in C minor
2224:Symphony No. 6 in B minor
2217:Symphony No. 4 in C minor
1245:Concertos and concertante
1217:might be a corruption of
142:
135:
107:
100:
89:
66:
40:
33:
24:
4162:Concert band instruments
2747:Anatomy of the Orchestra
2673:Anatomy of the Orchestra
2564:Koechlin, Charles, Suite
2346:(1946–47) (2nd movement)
2342:Ralph Vaughan Williams'
2335:Ralph Vaughan Williams'
2294:Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
2002:(1932–33) (2nd movement)
1868:(2024) ("It All Passes")
1573:Karlheinz Stockhausen's
1044:, and the American firm
2531:Davies, Ken, Dark River
2507:Cantalbiano, R., Sonata
2358:(1859) (Act 3, Scene 1)
2143:Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
2108:Russian Christmas Music
1816:Roman Carnival Overture
1538:Monody for English Horn
1504:Ludwig van Beethoven's
4157:Orchestral instruments
3071:Ensembles & genres
2788:(Subscription access).
2585:Tomasi, H., Evocations
2570:Persichetti, Vincent,
2543:Filippi, A., Equations
2315:Ralph Vaughan Williams
2243:Dmitri Shostakovich's
2236:Dmitri Shostakovich's
2229:Dmitri Shostakovich's
2222:Dmitri Shostakovich's
2062:Sergei Rachmaninoff's
1766:
1193:English horn concertos
1086:
893:Description and timbre
832:transposing instrument
810:North American English
127:
113:
2339:(1943) (3rd movement)
2247:(1957) (4th movement)
2240:(1953) (3rd movement)
2233:(1943) (1st movement)
2226:(1939) (1st movement)
2219:(1936) (1st movement)
2205:The Lord of the Rings
2187:William Tell Overture
2172:(1939) (2nd movement)
2169:Concierto de Aranjuez
2151:(1887) (2nd movement)
2078:(1931) (2nd movement)
2068:(1913) (4th movement)
1923:(1893) (1st movement)
1913:(1888) (2nd movement)
1847:Alexander Borodin's "
1825:Symphonie fantastique
1798:La damnation de Faust
1753:
1664:for this combination.
1414:The World's Ransoming
1078:
1071:History and etymology
1007:Karlheinz Stockhausen
992:Das Lied von der Erde
830:The cor anglais is a
126:
112:
3862:Heckelphone-clarinet
3570:American traditional
3489:European traditional
2516:Cherney, B., Epitaph
2428:improve this section
2258:Pelléas et Mélisande
2184:Gioachino Rossini's
2178:Adelaide di Borgogna
2175:Gioachino Rossini's
2135:Ottorino Respighi's
2126:Ottorino Respighi's
1970:Wenn dein Mütterlein
1701:improve this section
1617:Heitor Villa-Lobos'
1499:Ludwig van Beethoven
1470:Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari
1283:improve this section
93:about 1720 from the
3339:African traditional
3162:Piccolo heckelphone
3017:Piccolo heckelphone
2862:99 (1999): 618–24.
2852:Michael Finkelman,
2558:Koechlin, Charles,
2468:Andriessen, Hendrik
2391:(film score) (1993)
2382:(film score) (2001)
2367:The Ecstasy of Gold
2213:Dmitri Shostakovich
2076:Piano Concerto in G
2053:Sergei Rachmaninoff
2028:Amilcare Ponchielli
2021:Conan the Barbarian
1911:Symphony in D minor
1660:written during the
1593:Augusta Read Thomas
1553:Vincent Persichetti
1447:The Swan of Tuonela
1022:Scherzo capriccioso
817:woodwind instrument
614:Electronic keyboard
199:Musical instruments
193:Part of a series on
137:Related instruments
35:Woodwind instrument
21:
3821:Reclam de xeremies
3256:European classical
3212:Semi-contrabassoon
3148:European classical
3047:Bass/baritone oboe
2800:, "English Horn",
2786:Grove Music Online
2588:Turok, P., Partita
2355:Tristan und Isolde
2320:In the Fen Country
2284:The Rite of Spring
2281:Igor Stravinsky's
2193:Antonio Salieri's
2148:Capriccio Espagnol
2096:Rapsodie espagnole
1917:Alexander Glazunov
1901:From the New World
1849:Polovetsian Dances
1767:
1764:From the New World
1472:'s Concertino in A
1387:Concerto da camera
1143:Middle High German
1130:taille de hautbois
1087:
997:Heitor Villa-Lobos
793:[kɔʁɑ̃ɡlɛ]
343:String instruments
128:
114:
19:
4129:
4128:
4094:
4093:
3994:Gourd mouth organ
3885:
3884:
3755:
3754:
3590:
3589:
3365:Asian traditional
3091:
3090:
2903:, "Cor anglais",
2489:Berkeley, Michael
2464:
2463:
2456:
2329:A London Symphony
2195:Annibale in Capua
2115:Ottorino Respighi
1975:Kindertotenlieder
1895:Antonín Dvořák's
1880:(1899) ("Nuages")
1836:Alexander Borodin
1822:Hector Berlioz's
1813:Hector Berlioz's
1804:Hector Berlioz's
1743:works (including
1737:
1736:
1729:
1376:Gaetano Donizetti
1366:Miguel del Aguila
1344:Emmanuel Chabrier
1319:
1318:
1311:
1147:engellisches Horn
1054:African blackwood
977:Arnold Schoenberg
700:
699:
278:Brass instruments
188:
187:
4169:
4059:Orthotonophonium
4054:Indian harmonium
3896:
3895:
3769:Cylindrical bore
3766:
3765:
3641:Cylindrical bore
3637:
3636:
3617:
3610:
3603:
3594:
3593:
3227:Contrabassophone
3118:
3111:
3104:
3095:
3094:
2989:
2982:
2975:
2966:
2965:
2947:
2925:
2919:
2898:
2892:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2850:
2841:
2831:
2825:
2819:
2813:
2795:
2789:
2772:
2766:
2740:
2734:
2721:Hector Berlioz,
2719:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2698:
2692:
2666:
2655:
2654:
2647:
2641:
2630:
2624:
2618:
2612:
2603:
2549:, A Certain Tune
2524:Four Involutions
2459:
2452:
2448:
2445:
2439:
2408:
2400:
2388:Schindler's List
2093:Maurice Ravel's
2087:Daphnis et Chloé
2081:Maurice Ravel's
2057:Symphonic Dances
2016:Basil Poledouris
1994:Olivier Messiaen
1958:Gustav Mahler's
1884:Frederick Delius
1807:Rob Roy Overture
1771:Vincenzo Bellini
1732:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1712:
1681:
1673:
1603:Josef Triebensee
1562:Franz Poessinger
1534:Charles Koechlin
1477:
1476:
1400:Aaron Jay Kernis
1314:
1307:
1303:
1300:
1294:
1263:
1255:
1202:Penny Cyclopedia
1173:Niccolò Jommelli
1085:
1082:
974:
973:
968:
967:
962:
961:
952:Fromental Halévy
938:Sergei Prokofiev
886:
885:
880:
879:
866:
865:
856:
855:
795:
790:
786:
785:
782:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
759:
751:
750:
747:
746:
743:
740:
737:
734:
731:
727:
726:
723:
720:
713:
692:
685:
678:
190:
189:
29:
22:
18:
4177:
4176:
4172:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4166:
4132:
4131:
4130:
4125:
4090:
3930:
3881:
3840:
3751:
3673:
3626:
3624:Reed aerophones
3621:
3591:
3586:
3565:
3484:
3360:
3334:
3257:
3251:
3232:Reed contrabass
3197:Contrabass oboe
3149:
3143:
3128:
3122:
3092:
3087:
3066:
3062:Contrabass oboe
3000:
2995:Members of the
2993:
2956:
2951:
2950:
2926:
2922:
2901:Michael Kennedy
2899:
2895:
2887:
2883:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2863:
2851:
2844:
2832:
2828:
2820:
2816:
2796:
2792:
2773:
2769:
2741:
2737:
2720:
2716:
2707:
2705:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2667:
2658:
2649:
2648:
2644:
2631:
2627:
2619:
2615:
2604:
2600:
2595:
2538:Downey, John W.
2470:, Elegia (1967)
2460:
2449:
2443:
2440:
2425:
2409:
2398:
2385:John Williams'
2362:Ennio Morricone
2275:Ein Heldenleben
2270:Richard Strauss
2264:Robert W. Smith
2250:Jean Sibelius'
2164:Joaquín Rodrigo
2120:Fontane di Roma
2043:Gaetano Pugnani
1926:Joseph Haydn's
1786:Harold in Italy
1733:
1722:
1716:
1713:
1698:
1682:
1671:
1648:Anton Wranitsky
1581:Igor Stravinsky
1488:
1478:, op. 34 (1947)
1474:
1473:
1436:Peter Seabourne
1410:James MacMillan
1382:Arthur Honegger
1315:
1304:
1298:
1295:
1280:
1264:
1253:
1247:
1242:
1083:
1073:
971:
970:
965:
964:
959:
958:
895:
889:
883:
882:
877:
876:
874:
863:
862:
860:
853:
852:
842:lower than the
788:
763:
754:
753:
728:
717:
708:
707:
696:
667:
666:
657:
649:
648:
599:
589:
588:
559:aka Kettledrums
472:
462:
461:
345:
335:
334:
280:
270:
269:
210:
181:Contrabass oboe
131:
121:
73:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4175:
4165:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4111:Quadruple reed
4108:
4102:
4100:
4096:
4095:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
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4021:
4016:
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3990:
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3900:
3893:
3887:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3857:Heckel-clarina
3854:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3772:
3770:
3763:
3757:
3756:
3753:
3752:
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3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3683:
3681:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3645:
3643:
3634:
3628:
3627:
3620:
3619:
3612:
3605:
3597:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3584:
3582:Trompeta china
3579:
3573:
3571:
3567:
3566:
3564:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3492:
3490:
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3482:
3477:
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3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3368:
3366:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3342:
3340:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3310:Oboe da caccia
3307:
3302:
3300:Hirtenschalmei
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3261:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3153:
3151:
3145:
3144:
3133:
3130:
3129:
3121:
3120:
3113:
3106:
3098:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3080:
3074:
3072:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3042:Oboe da caccia
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3008:
3006:
3002:
3001:
2992:
2991:
2984:
2977:
2969:
2963:
2962:
2955:
2954:External links
2952:
2949:
2948:
2920:
2893:
2891:at www.oed.com
2881:
2867:
2842:
2826:
2814:
2790:
2767:
2743:Norman Del Mar
2735:
2714:
2693:
2669:Norman Del Mar
2656:
2642:
2625:
2613:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2590:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2544:
2541:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2526:
2520:Childs, Barney
2517:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2496:
2486:
2483:
2477:
2474:Auerbach, Lera
2471:
2462:
2461:
2412:
2410:
2403:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2383:
2371:
2359:
2350:Richard Wagner
2347:
2340:
2333:
2332:(2nd movement)
2324:
2312:
2308:The Nutcracker
2303:
2291:
2279:
2267:
2261:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2227:
2220:
2210:
2197:
2191:
2182:
2173:
2161:
2152:
2140:
2133:
2124:
2112:
2100:
2091:
2079:
2069:
2060:
2050:
2040:
2025:
2013:
2010:Phoenix Rising
2003:
1991:
1982:Jules Massenet
1979:
1965:Rückert-Lieder
1956:
1953:Summer Evening
1946:
1937:Vincent d'Indy
1934:
1931:
1924:
1914:
1904:
1897:Symphony No. 9
1893:
1881:
1872:Claude Debussy
1869:
1859:
1856:
1845:
1833:
1820:
1811:
1802:
1793:Hector Berlioz
1790:
1781:Hector Berlioz
1778:
1760:Symphony No. 9
1735:
1734:
1685:
1683:
1676:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1665:
1651:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
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1624:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1600:
1590:
1578:
1571:
1565:
1559:
1550:
1547:
1541:
1531:
1528:Paul Hindemith
1525:
1522:Felix Draeseke
1519:
1512:Elliott Carter
1509:
1502:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1467:
1461:
1451:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1407:
1397:
1391:
1379:
1373:
1363:
1351:
1341:
1317:
1316:
1267:
1265:
1258:
1249:Main article:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1167:corno inglese.
1163:oboe da caccia
1135:oboe da caccia
1120:oboe da caccia
1093:is French for
1084: 1860–70
1079:English horn,
1072:
1069:
1017:Antonín Dvořák
894:
891:
887:
872:
858:
698:
697:
695:
694:
687:
680:
672:
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658:
655:
654:
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646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
609:Clavicytherium
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161:Oboe da caccia
158:
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133:
132:
130:Sounding pitch
129:
115:
105:
104:
98:
97:
95:oboe da caccia
91:
87:
86:
70:
64:
63:
62:
61:
56:
51:
44:
42:Classification
38:
37:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4174:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4142:F instruments
4140:
4139:
4137:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4101:
4097:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4039:Physharmonica
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3982:Richter-tuned
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
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3927:
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3922:
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3909:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3897:
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3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
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3847:
3843:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3758:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3680:
3676:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3642:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3618:
3613:
3611:
3606:
3604:
3599:
3598:
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3583:
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3578:
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3574:
3572:
3568:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
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3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3516:Catalan shawm
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3487:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3363:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3341:
3337:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3260:
3254:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3217:Contrabassoon
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3152:
3146:
3141:
3137:
3131:
3126:
3119:
3114:
3112:
3107:
3105:
3100:
3099:
3096:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3069:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3003:
2998:
2990:
2985:
2983:
2978:
2976:
2971:
2970:
2967:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2945:
2944:0-393-00758-8
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2924:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2897:
2890:
2885:
2877:
2871:
2861:
2860:
2855:
2849:
2847:
2839:
2835:
2830:
2823:
2818:
2811:
2810:0-674-37501-7
2807:
2803:
2799:
2794:
2787:
2783:
2782:Stanley Sadie
2779:
2778:
2771:
2764:
2763:0-520-05062-2
2760:
2756:
2755:0-520-04500-9
2752:
2748:
2744:
2739:
2732:
2731:0-521-23953-2
2728:
2724:
2718:
2703:
2697:
2690:
2689:0-520-05062-2
2686:
2682:
2681:0-520-04500-9
2678:
2674:
2670:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2652:
2646:
2640:
2636:
2635:
2629:
2622:
2617:
2610:
2609:
2602:
2598:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2547:Hall, Juliana
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2490:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2480:Bancquart, A.
2478:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2458:
2455:
2447:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2413:This section
2411:
2407:
2402:
2401:
2396:Unaccompanied
2390:
2389:
2384:
2381:
2380:
2375:
2374:John Williams
2372:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2285:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2254:
2253:Karelia Suite
2249:
2246:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2162:
2160:Op. 35 (1888)
2159:
2158:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2073:
2072:Maurice Ravel
2070:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2033:
2032:Voce di donna
2029:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2006:Thea Musgrave
2004:
2001:
2000:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1949:Zoltán Kodály
1947:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1889:Florida Suite
1885:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1752:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1731:
1728:
1720:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1686:This section
1684:
1680:
1675:
1674:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1627:Peter Warlock
1625:
1622:
1621:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1544:Franz Krommer
1542:
1539:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1492:chamber music
1490:Better known
1486:Chamber music
1483:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1464:Pēteris Vasks
1462:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1442:Jean Sibelius
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1424:Walter Piston
1422:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1404:Colored Field
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1354:Aaron Copland
1352:
1349:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1338:Autumn Legend
1335:
1334:William Alwyn
1332:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1313:
1310:
1302:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1268:This section
1266:
1262:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1220:
1219:Middle French
1216:
1211:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1181:corno inglese
1178:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1077:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1042:T. W. Howarth
1039:
1035:
1030:
1026:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1004:
1003:
998:
994:
993:
988:
987:Gustav Mahler
984:
983:
978:
955:
953:
949:
948:
943:
939:
935:
930:
928:
924:
920:
916:
915:mezzo-soprano
912:
908:
904:
900:
890:
870:
849:
848:perfect fifth
845:
841:
840:perfect fifth
837:
833:
828:
826:
822:
818:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
794:
784:
757:
749:
711:
705:
693:
688:
686:
681:
679:
674:
673:
671:
670:
663:
660:
659:
653:
652:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
601:
598:
593:
592:
585:
582:
580:
577:
574:
573:Tubular bells
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
474:
471:
466:
465:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
389:
388:
387:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
352:
351:
350:
344:
339:
338:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
288:
286:
285:Baritone horn
283:
282:
279:
274:
273:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
231:
228:
226:
225:Contrabassoon
223:
221:
218:
216:
213:
212:
209:
204:
203:
200:
197:
196:
192:
191:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
144:
143:
141:
138:
134:
125:
119:
118:perfect fifth
111:
106:
103:
102:Playing range
99:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
77:
71:
69:
65:
60:
57:
55:
52:
50:
47:
46:
45:
43:
39:
36:
32:
28:
23:
3957:Couesnophone
3845:Conical bore
3722:Oboe d'amore
3697:English horn
3696:
3679:Conical bore
3480:Zurna/Surnai
3325:Rauschpfeife
3270:Baroque oboe
3258:(historical)
3237:Sarrusophone
3176:
3172:Oboe d'amore
3157:Piccolo oboe
3083:Oboe quintet
3078:Oboe quartet
3036:
3032:Oboe d'amore
3027:Baroque oboe
3012:Piccolo oboe
2935:
2931:
2923:
2908:
2904:
2896:
2889:English Horn
2884:
2870:
2857:
2837:
2829:
2817:
2801:
2793:
2775:
2770:
2746:
2738:
2722:
2717:
2706:. Retrieved
2704:. 2023-11-16
2696:
2672:
2645:
2633:
2628:
2616:
2607:
2601:
2571:
2559:
2523:
2492:
2476:, The Prayer
2450:
2441:
2426:Please help
2414:
2386:
2377:
2365:
2353:
2327:
2318:
2306:
2297:
2288:
2282:
2273:
2251:
2209:(film score)
2207:film trilogy
2204:
2200:Howard Shore
2194:
2185:
2176:
2167:
2157:Scheherazade
2155:
2146:
2136:
2129:Pini di Roma
2127:
2118:
2106:
2094:
2085:
2063:
2046:
2035:
2031:
2019:
2009:
1997:
1985:
1973:
1969:
1963:
1959:
1952:
1940:
1907:César Franck
1900:
1887:
1875:
1865:
1852:
1839:
1823:
1814:
1805:
1796:
1784:
1774:
1763:
1738:
1723:
1717:January 2017
1714:
1699:Please help
1687:
1662:Romantic era
1618:
1597:Pilgrim Soul
1596:
1584:
1574:
1568:Anton Reicha
1556:
1537:
1515:
1505:
1489:
1481:
1457:
1445:
1417:
1413:
1403:
1394:Gordon Jacob
1385:
1370:Broken Rondo
1369:
1357:
1347:
1337:
1327:concert band
1320:
1305:
1299:January 2017
1296:
1281:Please help
1269:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1214:
1212:
1206:
1200:
1198:
1180:
1176:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1151:angelic horn
1150:
1146:
1134:
1128:
1118:
1103:natural horn
1095:English horn
1094:
1090:
1088:
1046:Fox Products
1031:
1027:
1020:
1010:
1002:Chôros No. 6
1000:
990:
982:Gurre-Lieder
980:
956:
947:William Tell
946:
945:Overture to
931:
919:conical bore
907:oboe d'amore
896:
829:
824:
806:English horn
805:
802:cors anglais
801:
787:or original
703:
701:
502:Glockenspiel
385:
384:
347:
229:
156:Oboe d'amore
146:Piccolo oboe
4049:Guide-chant
4024:Martinshorn
3761:Single reed
3747:Taepyeongso
3632:Double reed
3470:Taepyeongso
3222:Contraforte
3187:Heckelphone
3127:instruments
3125:Double reed
3052:Heckelphone
3005:Instruments
2864:(in German)
2634:cor anglais
2608:cor anglais
2540:, Soliloquy
2256:(1893) and
2103:Alfred Reed
2037:La Gioconda
1999:L'ascension
1853:Prince Igor
1745:film scores
1420:(1995–97) †
1207:cor anglais
1157:also meant
1139:Middle Ages
1099:French horn
1091:cor anglais
969:(sounding E
834:pitched in
814:double-reed
704:cor anglais
624:Harpsichord
402:Bass guitar
370:Hurdy-gurdy
360:Double bass
305:French horn
230:Cor anglais
171:Heckelphone
76:Double reed
20:Cor anglais
4136:Categories
4066:Saenghwang
4044:Pump organ
3999:Hornophone
3952:Concertina
3921:Pitch pipe
3916:Party horn
3911:Bullroarer
3852:Aulochrome
3561:Surma-horn
3427:Nadaswaram
3412:Kèn đám ma
3275:Bassanello
2928:Adam Carse
2834:Adam Carse
2798:Willi Apel
2708:2024-05-20
2593:References
2572:Parable XV
2482:, Sonatine
1862:Louis Cole
1741:orchestral
1654:Carlo Yvon
1454:Jack Stamp
1359:Quiet City
1240:Repertoire
1155:engellisch
1153:. Because
1149:, meaning
1111:tenor horn
861:(written B
604:Clavichord
579:Vibraphone
575:aka Chimes
547:Snare drum
517:Lithophone
470:Percussion
315:Tenor horn
310:Mellophone
300:Flugelhorn
245:Nadaswaram
72:422.112-71
4121:Tone hole
4034:Organetto
3972:Chromatic
3967:Harmonica
3962:Harmoneon
3942:Accordion
3891:Free reed
3872:Saxophone
3806:Launeddas
3791:Chalumeau
3392:Hichiriki
3280:Cornamuse
3242:Rothphone
3182:Bass oboe
3136:quadruple
2917:802019668
2757:(cloth);
2683:(cloth);
2444:July 2016
2415:does not
2065:The Bells
1877:Nocturnes
1775:Il Pirata
1688:does not
1586:Pastorale
1430:Ned Rorem
1323:orchestra
1270:does not
1230:cor anglé
1226:angulaire
1175:'s opera
1109:, or the
1107:post horn
1089:The term
1066:bassoons.
1050:A. Laubin
1019:, in his
942:Rossini's
899:Liebesfuß
825:alto oboe
644:Virginals
619:Harmonium
597:Keyboards
584:Xylophone
568:Tubaphone
537:Mridangam
527:Marímbula
477:Bass drum
295:Euphonium
260:Saxophone
208:Woodwinds
166:Bass oboe
90:Developed
79:aerophone
59:Aerophone
4029:Melodica
4019:Mangtong
3977:Diatonic
3947:Claviola
3877:Tárogató
3836:Zhaleika
3796:Clarinet
3654:Chirimia
3577:Chirimía
3551:Tárogató
3521:Dulzaina
3475:Tangmuri
3305:Kortholt
3290:Crumhorn
3285:Cromorne
3247:Tromboon
3202:Tenoroon
3192:Lupophon
3150:(modern)
3140:bagpipes
3057:Lupophon
1968:(1901),
1899:(1893),
1832:) (1830)
1830:movement
1575:Zeitmaße
1516:Pastoral
1475:♭
1450:(1893) †
1062:cocobolo
1038:Marigaux
1034:F. Lorée
1012:Zeitmaße
972:♭
966:♭
960:♮
884:♭
878:♭
869:middle C
867:) below
864:♮
854:♭
812:), is a
563:Triangle
552:Steelpan
512:Handbell
487:Carillon
432:Shamisen
422:Mandolin
320:Trombone
235:Clarinet
215:Bagpipes
176:Lupophon
49:Woodwind
4014:Lusheng
3987:Tremolo
3867:Octavin
3831:Xaphoon
3816:Pibgorn
3801:Diplica
3692:Bombard
3687:Bassoon
3649:Balaban
3541:Piffero
3536:Musette
3511:Bombard
3506:Birbynė
3451:Sundari
3447:Shehnai
3407:Kèn bầu
3387:Gyaling
3372:Balaban
3346:Algaita
3320:Rackett
3295:Dulcian
3207:Bassoon
2637:in the
2560:Monodie
2436:removed
2421:sources
2047:Werther
1903:(Largo)
1866:nothing
1851:" from
1828:(third
1709:removed
1694:sources
1658:sonatas
1418:Triduum
1348:Lamento
1291:removed
1276:sources
1234:anglais
1215:anglais
1159:English
1125:Breslau
1115:Silesia
923:bassoon
819:in the
789:French:
557:Timpani
522:Marimba
497:Cymbals
492:Celesta
447:Ukulele
442:Tambura
407:Guzheng
386:Plucked
325:Trumpet
255:Piccolo
220:Bassoon
4081:Triola
4004:Hulusi
3899:Single
3811:Mijwiz
3786:Bülban
3781:Arghul
3776:Alboka
3742:Sopila
3732:Rhaita
3727:Piston
3702:Gralla
3546:Sopila
3531:Gralla
3526:Graïle
3501:Bifora
3460:Sralai
3422:Mizmar
3417:Kuzhal
3351:Rhaita
3315:Pommer
2999:family
2942:
2915:
2808:
2761:
2753:
2729:
2687:
2679:
2495:(1990)
2370:(1966)
2323:(1904)
2311:(1892)
2278:(1898)
2260:(1905)
2190:(1829)
2139:(1930)
2132:(1924)
2123:(1918)
2111:(1944)
2099:(1908)
2090:(1912)
2083:Ballet
2059:(1940)
2012:(1997)
1987:Le Cid
1978:(1905)
1955:(1906)
1945:(1886)
1892:(1887)
1855:(1890)
1844:(1880)
1819:(1844)
1810:(1826)
1789:(1834)
1756:Dvořák
1460:(2004)
1406:(1994)
1105:, the
1101:, the
1005:, and
903:timbre
827:in F.
804:), or
798:plural
662:Ghatam
656:Others
639:Spinet
457:Zither
397:Guitar
380:Violin
290:Cornet
265:Tharai
4147:Oboes
4099:Other
4071:Sheng
4009:Khene
3926:Sneng
3826:Sipsi
3737:Shawm
3659:Duduk
3556:Zurna
3496:Aulos
3465:Suona
3455:Sorna
3377:Duduk
3356:Zukra
3330:Shawm
3265:Aulos
2859:Tibia
2856:, in
2493:Snake
2034:from
1972:from
1962:from
1222:anglé
1189:Haydn
1185:Gluck
1145:name
927:bocal
634:Piano
629:Organ
542:Parai
532:Melam
437:Sitar
392:Banjo
375:Viola
365:Huqin
355:Cello
349:Bowed
240:Flute
120:lower
81:with
4116:Reed
4106:Bore
3935:Sets
3906:Bawu
3717:Oboe
3669:Piri
3664:Guan
3442:Piri
3432:Ottu
3382:Guan
3167:Oboe
3022:Oboe
2997:oboe
2940:ISBN
2913:OCLC
2806:ISBN
2759:ISBN
2751:ISBN
2727:ISBN
2685:ISBN
2677:ISBN
2419:any
2417:cite
1692:any
1690:cite
1274:any
1272:cite
1187:and
1177:Ezio
934:clef
911:alto
871:to C
844:oboe
838:, a
821:oboe
808:(in
702:The
507:Gong
482:Bell
452:Yazh
427:Harp
417:Lyre
412:Koto
330:Tuba
250:Oboe
151:Oboe
83:keys
54:Wind
4076:Shō
3712:Kèn
3707:Hne
3402:Kèn
3397:Hne
2430:by
2364:'s
2352:'s
2296:'s
2215:'s
2202:'s
2166:'s
2145:'s
2117:'s
2105:'s
2074:'s
2055:'s
2045:'s
2030:'s
2018:'s
2008:'s
1996:'s
1984:'s
1951:'s
1939:'s
1919:'s
1909:'s
1886:'s
1874:'s
1864:'s
1838:'s
1795:'s
1783:'s
1773:'s
1758:'s
1703:by
1595:'s
1583:'s
1555:'s
1536:'s
1514:'s
1456:'s
1412:'s
1384:'s
1356:'s
1346:'s
1336:'s
1325:or
1285:by
1058:aka
1009:'s
999:'s
989:'s
979:'s
725:ɔːr
4138::
4086:Yu
3437:Pi
2930:,
2845:^
2836:,
2745:,
2671:,
2659:^
2522:,
2491:,
2376:'
2317:'
2272:'
1762:,
1444:'
1402:'
1368:,
1183:.
1081:c.
1036:,
1015:.
995:,
985:,
888:3.
800::
796:;
780:eɪ
765:ɑː
762:/-
758::
756:US
752:,
745:eɪ
712::
710:UK
3616:e
3609:t
3602:v
3142:)
3117:e
3110:t
3103:v
2988:e
2981:t
2974:v
2946:.
2878:.
2812:.
2765:.
2733:.
2711:.
2691:.
2653:.
2457:)
2451:(
2446:)
2442:(
2438:.
2424:.
1730:)
1724:(
1719:)
1715:(
1711:.
1697:.
1312:)
1306:(
1301:)
1297:(
1293:.
1279:.
1056:(
873:6
859:3
851:B
836:F
783:/
777:l
774:ɡ
771:ˈ
768:ŋ
748:/
742:l
739:ɡ
736:ŋ
733:ɒ
730:ˈ
722:k
719:ˌ
716:/
706:(
691:e
684:t
677:v
85:)
74:(
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