788:âthe use of historical materials, structures, styles, techniques, media, conceptual content, etc., whether by a single composer or those associated with a particular school, movement, or periodâis evident to varying degrees in minimalism, post-minimalism, world-music, and other genres in which tonal traditions have been sustained or have undergone a significant revival in recent decades. Some post-minimalist works employ medieval and other genres associated with early music, such as the "Oi me lasso" and other
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399:). At the same time, conversely, composers also experimented with means of abdicating control, exploring indeterminacy or aleatoric processes in smaller or larger degrees. Technological advances led to the birth of electronic music. Experimentation with tape loops and repetitive textures contributed to the advent of
543:
The vocabulary of extended tonality, which flourished in the late 19th and very early 20th centuries, continues to be used by contemporary composers. It has never been considered shocking or controversial in the larger musical worldâas has been demonstrated statistically for the United States, at
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Despite its decline in the last third of the 20th century, there remained at the end of the century an active core of composers who continued to advance the ideas and forms of high modernism. Those no longer living include
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in the United States. Some of their compositions use an ordered set or several such sets, which may be the basis for the whole composition, while others use "unordered" sets. The term is also often used for
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2803:(1998): "Zhdanov is eclectic; he mixes high poetic, archaic, scientific and everyday realities without imposing any hierarchy. His manner may be called âpolystylisticâ", and entry "Polystylist", quoting
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technology had taken place, making electronic music systems affordable and widely accessible. The personal computer had become an essential component of the electronic musician's equipment, superseding
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is a current within today's
European contemporary avant-garde music scene, named in reaction to the New Simplicity. Amongst the candidates suggested for having coined the term are the composer
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is one of the most important post-war movements among the high modernist schools. Serialism, more specifically named "integral" or "compound" serialism, was led by composers such as
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pieces. Following World War I, as a backlash against what they saw as the increasingly exaggerated gestures and formlessness of late
Romanticism, certain composers adopted a
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and fulfilling the traditional functions of composition and scoring, synthesis and sound processing, sampling of audio input, and control over external equipment.
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Contemporary classical music originally written for the concert hall can also be heard on the music track of some films, such as
Stanley Kubrick's
391:). After World War II, modernist composers sought to achieve greater levels of control in their composition process (e.g., through the use of the
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least, where "most composers continued working in what has remained throughout this century the mainstream of tonal-oriented composition".
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presents 700 performances. New works from contemporary classical music program students comprise roughly 150 of these performances.
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Talking Music: Conversations with John Cage, Philip Glass, Laurie
Anderson, and Five Generations of American Experimental Composers
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To some extent, European and the US traditions diverged after World War II. Among the most influential composers in Europe were
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style, which sought to recapture the balanced forms and clearly perceptible thematic processes of earlier styles (see also
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collects material from different sources, but a polystylist puts together what he collects, consciously, in a new way."
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formed their own ideas. Some of these composers (Cage, Cowell, Glass, Reich) represented a new methodology of
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in sound, the "New
Complexity" is most readily characterized by the use of techniques which require complex
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3486:. New York: Schirmer Books; London: Prentice Hall International. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning
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Die Musik des 20. Jahrhunderts: mit 108 Notenbeispielen, 130 Abbildungen und 2 Farbtafeln
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Pyramids at the Louvre: Music, Culture, and
Collage from Stravinsky to the Postmodernists
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Straus, Joseph. N. (Autumn 1999). "The Myth of Serial 'Tyranny' in the 1950s and 1960s".
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455:(and thus was opposed to traditional twelve-tone music), and was also closely related to
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415:). New works of contemporary classical music continue to be created. Each year, the
30:"Contemporary art music" redirects here. For other forms of contemporary music, see
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The historicist movement is closely related to the emergence of musicology and the
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maintained a tonal style of composition despite the prominent serialist movement.
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Twentieth-century Music: A History of
Musical Style in Modern Europe and America
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3186:(revised and expanded ed.). Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
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Aesthetics of Total
Serialism: Contemporary Research from Music to Architecture
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Concerto for seven wind instruments, timpani, percussion, and string orchestra
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Cardoso-Firmo, Ana. 2011. "La
Cantatrice Chauve de Jean-Philippe Calvin". In
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Notable composers of post-1945 classical film and television scores include:
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3558:. Second edition. Music in the 20th century. Cambridge University Press.
3146:
Electronic and
Experimental Music: Pioneers in Technology and Composition
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3308:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
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for clarinet and vibraphone with six instrumental formations (1968) â
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The following is an incomplete list of contemporary-music festivals:
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Soundtracks. International Dictionary of Composers of Music for Film
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2002:
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Composer's Notebook 1990: Toward a Musical Agenda for the Nineties
839:
Some composers have emerged since the 1980s who are influenced by
4398:
4358:
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3461:. New York: Schirmer Books; London: Prentice-Hall International.
3402:. Neues Handbuch der Musikwissenschaft 7. Laaber: Laaber-Verlag.
461:
3048:
Anderson, Martin (June 1992). "A Conversation with Kalevi Aho".
4672:
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4363:
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4313:
2890:""L'homme qui rit": la poignante sincérité d'Airat Ichmouratov"
2826:
2663:
1943:
1845:
for harpsichord and piano with two chamber orchestras (1961) â
913:
885:
512:, which began to question fundamental notions of music such as
412:
4890:
4526:
4448:
4378:
4247:
2683:"Master of Music in Contemporary Classical Music Performance"
2651:
1621:
789:
2799:, entry "Polystylistic", quoting Christian & Cornwall's
308:
composed close to the present day. At the beginning of the
4677:
4468:
3651:
Exploring Twentieth-Century Music: Tradition and Innovation
3227:
Schwartz, Elliott (Summer 1994). "European Journal, 1993".
465:. However, some more traditionally based composers such as
2067:(also called wind ensembles). Notable composers include:
3212:. New York; Toronto: Schirmer; Maxwell Macmillan Canada.
2795:
2701:
4216:
1963:
for piano and chamber orchestra (2003) â Elliott Carter
3653:. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
3163:
Johnson, Stephen (2001). "MacMillan, James (Loy)". In
2752:
2639:
6278:
3284:(March 1988). "Four Facets of the 'New Complexity'".
2776:
2725:
2917:"ìëížì 'ìíŒì ìžëŠŒ' í”í ììì ìëêłŒ ìŁœìâŠíìì ëč ì§ ìžê°ì ëí 'ê”Źìì ìë„ '"
4532:
Evolution of timpani in the 18th and 19th centuries
3358:, , pp. 199â203. Paris: UniversitĂ© de Paris 8.
3210:
Music Since 1945: Issues, Materials, and Literature
2838:
2764:
2615:
367:At the beginning of the 20th century, composers of
3548:.: Biography-bibliography dictionary. Without ISBN
3356:Dramaturgies de l'Absurde en France et au Portugal
2063:In recent years, many composers have composed for
699:Between 1975 and 1990, a shift in the paradigm of
3693:Gateway to contemporary music resources in France
1992:
765:
6302:
3604:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
3504:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
3378:Cross, Jonathan. 2001. "Turnage, Mark-Anthony".
3148:(3rd ed.). London and New York: Routledge.
3054:. new series (181 (Scandinavian Issue)): 16â18.
2850:
1031:Notable composers of operas since 1975 include:
3381:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
3364:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
3200:
3174:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
3100:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
2669:
2657:
2633:
2472:Category:Contemporary classical music festivals
4232:
3734:
3587:. Expanded edition. New York: Da Capo Press.
3502:Modern Music And After: Directions Since 1945
282:
3628:Musical Composition in the Twentieth Century
3585:Contemporary Composers on Contemporary Music
2947:The Grove Music Guide to American Film Music
1715:(1999), both of which used concert music by
736:
3748:
2742:
2740:
2432:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2031:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1725:(1980) which used music by both Ligeti and
999:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
4239:
4225:
3741:
3727:
2570:Peninsula Arts Contemporary Music Festival
1769:Some notable works for chamber orchestra:
877:, and the British/Australian musicologist
646:. Those still living in June 2024 include
289:
275:
4876:Music technology (electronic and digital)
3602:The New Music: The Avant-Garde since 1945
3469:Reprinted 1999, New York: Da Capo Press.
3286:Contact: A Journal for Contemporary Music
2987:"Oscar Winner Hans Zimmer Signs With CAA"
2722:, pp. 303, 307â308, 310â11, 314â329.
2452:Learn how and when to remove this message
2051:Learn how and when to remove this message
1019:Learn how and when to remove this message
955:
751:, while others make a sharp distinction.
439:. The first and last were both pupils of
3522:Modern Music: The Avant Garde Since 1945
3322:
3226:
3131:(Summer 2007). "A New Baroque Revival".
3085:
3047:
2758:
2746:
2737:
2731:
2621:
2604:List of contemporary classical ensembles
2526:Huddersfield Contemporary Music Festival
1436:
375:pitch language, which sometimes yielded
371:were experimenting with an increasingly
312:, it commonly referred to the post-1945
3484:American Music in the Twentieth Century
3338:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.19723
3300:
3181:
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2984:
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2591:Cabrillo Festival of Contemporary Music
14:
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3361:Chute, James. 2001. "Torke, Michael."
3257:
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4414:Vietnam imperial court musicâNhĂŁ nháșĄc
4220:
3722:
3630:. New York: Oxford University Press.
3442:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Music
3177:(second ed.). London: Macmillan.
3103:(second ed.). London: Macmillan.
3071:. Basel, Boston, Berlin: BirkhÀuser.
3019:"Clarke, Kubrick, and Ligeti: A Tale"
3016:
2997:from the original on October 26, 2021
2869:Fox, Christopher (January 20, 2001).
2689:from the original on October 27, 2019
2636:, ch. 7: "Order and Chaos", pp. 78ff.
2560:in 's Hertogenbosch (the Netherlands)
834:
747:Some authors equate polystylism with
3683:â Contemporary Classical Music Radio
3280:
2887:
2856:
2430:adding citations to reliable sources
2397:
2029:adding citations to reliable sources
1996:
1896:Compases para preguntas ensimismadas
1833:Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima
997:adding citations to reliable sources
964:
4201:
3556:Experimental Music: Cage and Beyond
3544:. 1978. Vienna: Universal Edition.
3025:from the original on March 18, 2023
2927:from the original on 3 January 2024
2914:
2868:
2807:, November 1983: "An eclectic only
1915:Trois airs pour un opéra imaginaire
677:
27:Post-1945 period in classical music
24:
6090:Classical and art music traditions
4522:History of lute-family instruments
4339:Cambodian ceremonial musicâPinpeat
3347:
3017:Platt, Russell (August 12, 2008).
1774:Composition for Twelve Instruments
25:
6322:
3674:
2888:Huss, Christopher (1 June 2023).
1983:DiĂĄrio das Narrativas FantĂĄsticas
861:
850:
754:
725:
688:
547:
532:
6288:
6262:
6261:
6248:
6234:
5806:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
5281:Democratic Republic of the Congo
4881:Sound recording and reproduction
4334:Burmese classical musicâMahÄgÄ«ta
4200:
4190:
4181:
4180:
4170:
3440:(ed.) (2003), "Contemporary" in
2896:from the original on 1 June 2023
2402:
2001:
1927:for guitar and strings (1985) â
969:
714:
6110:Jazz and popular music glossary
4171:
3681:https://www.classical-music.gr/
3010:
2959:
2939:
2908:
2881:
2862:
2788:
340:. Newer forms of music include
5351:Federated States of Micronesia
3689:â Contemporary Brazilian music
2985:Tangcay, Jazz (May 25, 2021).
2675:
2548:Musica (French music festival)
1993:Concert bands (wind ensembles)
1979:(2007) â Karlheinz Stockhausen
1971:(2004) â Karlheinz Stockhausen
1859:Fantasia for Strings (1966) â
1856:(1965) â Karlheinz Stockhausen
780:
766:Minimalism and post-minimalism
417:Boston Conservatory at Berklee
13:
1:
4394:Philippine art songsâKundiman
4314:Afghan classical musicâKlasik
3710:"Guide to contemporary music"
3184:Electronic and Computer Music
1936:for Oboe and Guitar (1993) â
356:
242:
226:
184:
158:
132:
91:
65:
6311:Contemporary classical music
6255:Record production portal
6100:Cultural and regional genres
4359:Indonesian art musicâGamelan
3583:(eds.), with Jim Fox. 1998.
3384:, second edition, edited by
3123:. (Accessed 20 January 2010)
2823:, pp. 440â442, 446â448.
2393:
527:
363:20th-century classical music
302:Contemporary classical music
18:Contemporary Classical Music
7:
4871:Music technology (electric)
4409:Thai classical musicâPiphat
4364:Japanese court musicâGagaku
3542:New Music: Music since 1950
3294:10.25602/GOLD.cj.v0i32.1284
2801:Guide to Russian Literature
2670:Schwartz & Godfrey 1993
2658:Schwartz & Godfrey 1993
2634:Schwartz & Godfrey 1993
2597:
873:, the Belgian musicologist
476:In America, composers like
10:
6327:
4517:History of the harpsichord
4404:Kandyan dance of Sri Lanka
3326:(2001). "Neo-Classicism".
3144:Holmes, Thomas B. (2008).
3040:
2949:. Oxford University Press
2469:
2463:
1899:(1970) â Hans Werner Henze
1764:
854:
769:
758:
740:
729:
718:
692:
681:
551:
536:
422:
360:
351:
29:
6228:
6133:
6062:
5062:
5048:
4899:
4809:
4691:
4632:
4554:
4497:
4427:
4344:Chinese traditional music
4304:
4254:
4246:
4144:
4071:
4033:
3987:
3907:
3870:
3814:
3784:
3777:
3756:
3230:Perspectives of New Music
3060:10.1017/S0040298200015138
2593:in Santa Cruz, California
1976:FĂŒnf weitere Sternzeichen
737:Polystylism (eclecticism)
320:music after the death of
77:Transition to Renaissance
5226:Central African Republic
4769:Computational musicology
4319:Andalusi classical music
4046:Unruly audience response
3649:Whittall, Arnold. 2003.
3527:Morgan, Robert P. 1991.
3426:. Munich: Piper Verlag.
3089:(2001). "Modernism". In
2965:Craggs, Stewart R. 2020
2945:Goldmark, Daniel. 2019.
2835:, pp. 36â45, 54â55.
2609:
1719:, and also in Kubrick's
960:
6115:Music genres and styles
4419:Western classical music
4389:Persian classical music
3750:Western classical music
3598:Smith Brindle, Reginald
3424:Moderne Musik Nach 1945
3182:Manning, Peter (2004).
3117:Postscript, Summer 1994
3067:Bandur, Markus (2001).
2522:Music Week in Amsterdam
2502:Donaueschingen Festival
2497:DarmstÀdter Ferienkurse
2466:List of music festivals
2387:Charles Rochester Young
1955:(2000) â Elliott Carter
888:, highly abstract, and
196:Transition to Modernism
144:Transition to Classical
43:Western classical music
6095:Classical music genres
5171:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4712:Doctor of Musical Arts
4537:History of the trumpet
4349:Indian classical music
3848:Transition to Romantic
3778:Major periods and eras
3444:. London: Flame Tree,
2915:ì„ìì© (3 January 2024).
2585:George Enescu Festival
2487:Bang on a Can Marathon
2088:Richard Rodney Bennett
1947:(1996) â Luciano Berio
1677:Ralph Vaughan Williams
956:Developments by medium
934:Claus-Steffen Mahnkopf
821:Roman Turovsky-Savchuk
539:Neoromanticism (music)
170:Transition to Romantic
117:Common practice period
5921:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
5796:Saint Kitts and Nevis
5776:Republic of the Congo
4542:History of the violin
3804:Transition to Baroque
3342:(Subscription access)
3261:The Musical Quarterly
2543:Music Biennale Zagreb
2516:in Caracas, Venezuela
2342:Karlheinz Stockhausen
1925:Guitar Concerto No. 2
1904:Recital I (for Cathy)
1825:for strings (1957) â
1796:Karlheinz Stockhausen
1759:Karlheinz Stockhausen
1757:(2000) used music by
1706:2001: A Space Odyssey
1437:Cinema and television
1405:Karlheinz Stockhausen
1370:Einojuhani Rautavaara
1206:Juan Carlos Figueiras
600:twelve-tone technique
575:Karlheinz Stockhausen
437:Karlheinz Stockhausen
393:twelve-tone technique
103:Transition to Baroque
5991:United Arab Emirates
5056:
4764:Cognitive musicology
4136:Worldwide traditions
4089:Classical music blog
3531:. New York: Norton.
3520:(pbk.) Rev. ed. of:
3392:. London: Macmillan.
3375:. London: Macmillan.
3121:Rhys Chatham website
2892:. www.ledevoir.com.
2710:, pp. 5, 10â11.
2520:Gaudeamus Foundation
2426:improve this section
2025:improve this section
1938:Apostolos Paraskevas
1838:Krzysztof Penderecki
1776:(1948, rev. 1954) â
1727:Krzysztof Penderecki
1162:Peter Maxwell Davies
993:improve this section
6141:Aesthetics of music
5956:Trinidad and Tobago
5091:Antigua and Barbuda
4575:Band (rock and pop)
4499:Musical instruments
4374:Lao classical music
3988:Students by teacher
3274:10.1093/mq/83.3.301
3133:Early Music America
2553:New Music Gathering
2483:, Brussels, Belgium
2273:Vincent Persichetti
1652:Dmitri Shostakovich
1182:Marios Joannou Elia
1107:Harrison Birtwistle
898:extended techniques
801:early music revival
786:Musical historicism
467:Dmitri Shostakovich
257: •
252: •
6203:Musical instrument
6171:Music and politics
5301:Dominican Republic
5049:By sovereign state
4369:Korean court music
4329:Azerbaijani Mugham
3705:highSCORE Festival
3698:2021-06-12 at the
3455:Duckworth, William
3329:Grove Music Online
3139:(2): 36â45, 54â55.
3021:. The New Yorker.
3007:Proves notability.
2875:Grove Music Online
2312:Richard L. Saucedo
1410:Somtow Sucharitkul
1250:Bern Herbolsheimer
908:, highly disjunct
835:Art rock influence
644:Henrik Otto Donner
577:in Europe, and by
510:experimental music
334:experimental music
6276:
6275:
6161:Music and fashion
6156:Music and emotion
6058:
6057:
5326:Equatorial Guinea
4822:A-side and B-side
4727:Music archaeology
4702:Bachelor of Music
4550:
4549:
4484:Psychedelic music
4479:Progressive music
4399:Scottish CeĂČl MĂłr
4214:
4213:
4109:Progressive music
3903:
3902:
3577:Schwartz, Elliott
3202:Schwartz, Elliott
3155:978-0-415-95781-6
2974:978-1-138-36271-0
2672:, pp. 289ff.
2492:Big Ears Festival
2462:
2461:
2454:
2362:Jan Van der Roost
2322:Joseph Schwantner
2218:W. Francis McBeth
2143:Aldo Rafael Forte
2128:David Del Tredici
2123:Michael Daugherty
2061:
2060:
2053:
1968:FĂŒnf Sternzeichen
1861:Hans Werner Henze
1813:Oiseaux exotiques
1587:Aram Khachaturian
1567:Shin'ichirĆ Ikebe
1532:Elliot Goldenthal
1522:Michael Giacchino
1487:Alexandre Desplat
1265:Helmut Lachenmann
1245:Hans Werner Henze
1230:Airat Ichmouratov
1220:Elliot Goldenthal
1197:Brian Ferneyhough
1157:Michael Daugherty
1127:Roberto Carnevale
1057:Miguel del Ăguila
1037:Michel van der Aa
1029:
1028:
1021:
930:Brian Ferneyhough
920:, unconventional
656:Brian Ferneyhough
640:Erkki Salmenhaara
449:Arnold Schoenberg
306:Western art music
299:
298:
266:
265:
204:
203:
111:
110:
16:(Redirected from
6318:
6293:
6292:
6291:
6284:
6265:
6264:
6253:
6252:
6251:
6241:Music portal
6239:
6238:
6237:
6193:Music technology
6181:Environmentalism
6134:Related articles
5741:Papua New Guinea
5606:Marshall Islands
5053:
5052:
4999:Central American
4737:Music psychology
4622:Backing vocalist
4459:Electronic music
4302:
4301:
4256:History of music
4241:
4234:
4227:
4218:
4217:
4204:
4203:
4194:
4184:
4183:
4174:
4173:
4159:Composers by era
4124:Video game music
4058:Musical ensemble
3860:Post-romanticism
3782:
3781:
3743:
3736:
3729:
3720:
3719:
3624:Whittall, Arnold
3421:
3413:Dibelius, Ulrich
3396:Danuser, Hermann
3341:
3324:Whittall, Arnold
3319:
3297:
3277:
3254:
3223:
3197:
3178:
3159:
3140:
3124:
3104:
3082:
3063:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3014:
3008:
3006:
3004:
3002:
2982:
2976:
2963:
2957:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2912:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2901:
2885:
2879:
2878:
2871:"New Complexity"
2866:
2860:
2854:
2848:
2842:
2836:
2830:
2824:
2818:
2812:
2792:
2786:
2780:
2774:
2768:
2762:
2756:
2750:
2744:
2735:
2729:
2723:
2717:
2711:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2694:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2661:
2655:
2649:
2648:, pp. 19ff.
2643:
2637:
2631:
2625:
2619:
2566:in San Francisco
2531:Lucerne Festival
2515:
2457:
2450:
2446:
2443:
2437:
2406:
2398:
2317:Gunther Schuller
2308:
2286:
2253:Olivier Messiaen
2213:Scott McAllister
2158:David Gillingham
2148:Michael Gandolfi
2113:Michael Colgrass
2056:
2049:
2045:
2042:
2036:
2005:
1997:
1818:Olivier Messiaen
1807:Karel Goeyvaerts
1749:(1971), and the
1642:Alfred Schnittke
1627:Leonard Rosenman
1602:Alessio Miraglia
1547:Yoshihisa Hirano
1542:Bernard Herrmann
1517:Benjamin Frankel
1350:Jocy de Oliveira
1310:Olivier Messiaen
1225:Ricky Ian Gordon
1210:Luca Francesconi
1192:Mohammed Fairouz
1097:Michael Berkeley
1024:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1004:
973:
965:
942:Michael Finnissy
922:instrumentations
896:. This includes
894:musical notation
772:Minimalist music
761:Postmodern music
684:Electronic music
678:Electronic music
612:Pauline Oliveros
591:Charles Wuorinen
587:Mario Davidovsky
471:Benjamin Britten
441:Olivier Messiaen
395:and later total
338:minimalist music
330:electronic music
291:
284:
277:
247:
244:
231:
228:
217:
216:
198:
189:
188: 1800â1910
186:
172:
163:
162: 1730â1820
160:
146:
137:
136: 1600â1750
134:
124:
123:
105:
96:
95: 1400â1600
93:
79:
70:
67:
57:
56:
37:
36:
21:
6326:
6325:
6321:
6320:
6319:
6317:
6316:
6315:
6301:
6300:
6299:
6295:Classical music
6289:
6287:
6279:
6277:
6272:
6249:
6247:
6235:
6233:
6224:
6151:Fictional music
6129:
6054:
5861:Solomon Islands
5706:North Macedonia
5058:
5044:
4906:
4904:regional genres
4903:
4895:
4861:Record producer
4805:
4794:Sociomusicology
4779:Ethnomusicology
4707:Master of Music
4687:
4646:
4628:
4585:All-female band
4568:
4546:
4493:
4430:
4423:
4379:Mandé art music
4354:Byzantine music
4300:
4250:
4245:
4215:
4210:
4140:
4067:
4029:
3983:
3899:
3866:
3816:Common practice
3810:
3773:
3752:
3747:
3700:Wayback Machine
3677:
3672:
3498:Griffiths, Paul
3415:
3350:
3348:Further reading
3345:
3316:
3220:
3206:Godfrey, Daniel
3194:
3156:
3079:
3043:
3038:
3028:
3026:
3015:
3011:
3000:
2998:
2983:
2979:
2964:
2960:
2944:
2940:
2930:
2928:
2913:
2909:
2899:
2897:
2886:
2882:
2867:
2863:
2855:
2851:
2843:
2839:
2831:
2827:
2819:
2815:
2805:Musical America
2793:
2789:
2781:
2777:
2769:
2765:
2757:
2753:
2745:
2738:
2730:
2726:
2718:
2714:
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2702:
2692:
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2681:
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2668:
2664:
2656:
2652:
2644:
2640:
2632:
2628:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2600:
2509:
2507:Festival Atempo
2474:
2468:
2458:
2447:
2441:
2438:
2423:
2407:
2396:
2391:
2357:Michael Tippett
2327:Robert W. Smith
2302:
2280:
2223:James MacMillan
2193:Kenneth Hesketh
2173:Donald Grantham
2153:Rossano Galante
2133:Thomas C. Duffy
2118:John Corigliano
2057:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2022:
2006:
1995:
1843:Double Concerto
1767:
1731:Jean-Luc Godard
1701:
1667:Dimitri Tiomkin
1597:Ennio Morricone
1577:Steve Jablonsky
1537:Jerry Goldsmith
1497:Richard Einhorn
1472:Bruce Broughton
1462:Elmer Bernstein
1452:Masamichi Amano
1439:
1434:
1420:Stefano Vagnini
1400:Louis Siciliano
1290:David T. Little
1202:Lorenzo Ferrero
1177:Oscar Edelstein
1152:John Corigliano
1082:George Benjamin
1025:
1014:
1008:
1005:
990:
974:
963:
958:
926:Richard Barrett
910:melodic contour
875:Harry Halbreich
864:
859:
853:
843:, for example,
837:
783:
778:
776:Post-minimalism
770:Main articles:
768:
763:
757:
745:
739:
734:
728:
723:
717:
697:
691:
686:
680:
672:James MacMillan
664:Richard Wernick
652:George Benjamin
648:Magnus Lindberg
636:Jonathan Harvey
632:Franco Donatoni
556:
550:
541:
535:
530:
502:George Rochberg
459:'s idea of the
425:
405:performance art
385:New Objectivity
369:classical music
365:
359:
354:
346:post-minimalism
324:, and included
295:
256:
245:
229:
194:
187:
168:
161:
142:
135:
101:
94:
75:
69: 500â1400
68:
41:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6324:
6314:
6313:
6298:
6297:
6274:
6273:
6271:
6270:
6258:
6244:
6229:
6226:
6225:
6223:
6222:
6220:Women in music
6217:
6216:
6215:
6210:
6208:Classification
6200:
6195:
6190:
6188:Music festival
6185:
6184:
6183:
6178:
6168:
6166:Music industry
6163:
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6143:
6137:
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6072:
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6048:
6043:
6038:
6036:Western Sahara
6033:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6003:
5998:
5996:United Kingdom
5993:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
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5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
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5868:
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5808:
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5768:
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5288:
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5278:
5276:Czech Republic
5273:
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5019:
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5011:North American
5008:
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5004:South American
5001:
4994:Latin American
4991:
4990:
4989:
4984:
4974:
4973:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4960:Middle Eastern
4957:
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4851:Audio engineer
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4784:New musicology
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4590:Rhythm section
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3967:United Kingdom
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3835:Empfindsamkeit
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3690:
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3676:
3675:External links
3673:
3671:
3670:
3647:
3621:
3595:
3574:
3552:Nyman, Michael
3549:
3539:
3525:
3495:
3477:
3452:
3438:Du Noyer, Paul
3435:
3410:
3393:
3376:
3359:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3320:
3314:
3302:Watkins, Glenn
3298:
3278:
3268:(3): 301â343.
3255:
3243:10.2307/833614
3237:(2): 292â299.
3224:
3218:
3198:
3192:
3179:
3160:
3154:
3141:
3129:Colburn, Grant
3125:
3105:
3087:Botstein, Leon
3083:
3077:
3064:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3036:
3009:
2977:
2958:
2938:
2923:. p. 14.
2907:
2880:
2861:
2849:
2837:
2825:
2813:
2787:
2785:, p. 272.
2775:
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2700:
2674:
2662:
2660:, p. 325.
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2558:November Music
2555:
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2545:
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2534:
2533:in Switzerland
2528:
2523:
2517:
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2464:Main article:
2460:
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2442:September 2017
2410:
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2382:Guy Woolfenden
2379:
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2295:Steven Reineke
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2233:David Maslanka
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2208:Scott Lindroth
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2178:Edward Gregson
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2110:
2108:Mark Camphouse
2105:
2103:Daniel Bukvich
2100:
2095:
2090:
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2080:
2078:Leslie Bassett
2075:
2069:
2059:
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2041:September 2017
2009:
2007:
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1994:
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1931:
1929:Alan Hovhaness
1922:
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1892:
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1857:
1849:
1847:Elliott Carter
1840:
1829:
1827:TĆru Takemitsu
1820:
1809:
1798:
1789:
1780:
1778:Milton Babbitt
1766:
1763:
1712:Eyes Wide Shut
1700:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1682:William Walton
1679:
1674:
1669:
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1662:TĆru Takemitsu
1659:
1657:Alan Silvestri
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1592:Wojciech Kilar
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1380:Aulis Sallinen
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1375:Kaija Saariaho
1372:
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1360:Henri Pousseur
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1167:Julius Eastman
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1132:Elliott Carter
1129:
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1009:September 2017
977:
975:
968:
962:
959:
957:
954:
867:New Complexity
863:
862:New Complexity
860:
857:New Simplicity
855:Main article:
852:
851:New Simplicity
849:
836:
833:
829:Vox Saeculorum
825:Delian Society
813:Michael Talbot
805:Hendrik Bouman
782:
779:
767:
764:
759:Main article:
756:
755:Post-modernism
753:
741:Main article:
738:
735:
732:Spectral music
730:Main article:
727:
726:Spectral music
724:
719:Main article:
716:
713:
695:Computer music
693:Main article:
690:
689:Computer music
687:
682:Main article:
679:
676:
668:Richard Wilson
620:Jacob Druckman
616:Toru Takemitsu
583:Donald Martino
579:Milton Babbitt
554:High modernism
552:Main article:
549:
548:High modernism
546:
537:Main article:
534:
533:Neoromanticism
531:
529:
526:
506:Roger Sessions
486:Elliott Carter
478:Milton Babbitt
424:
421:
389:social realism
361:Main article:
358:
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342:spectral music
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6198:Music therapy
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6001:United States
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5561:Liechtenstein
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5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5416:Guinea-Bissau
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
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5147:
5144:
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5119:
5117:
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5017:
5014:
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5012:
5009:
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5002:
5000:
4997:
4996:
4995:
4992:
4988:
4985:
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4980:
4979:
4978:
4975:
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4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
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4953:
4951:
4948:
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4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4915:
4914:
4911:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4902:Cultural and
4898:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4831:
4830:
4829:Extended play
4827:
4823:
4820:
4819:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4808:
4800:
4799:Zoomusicology
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4774:Ecomusicology
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4759:Biomusicology
4757:
4756:
4755:
4752:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4732:Music history
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4690:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4668:Improvisation
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4650:
4648:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4634:
4631:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4617:Lead vocalist
4615:
4614:
4613:
4612:Military band
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
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4578:
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4508:
4505:
4504:
4502:
4500:
4496:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4464:Hip hop music
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4454:Country music
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4432:
4426:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4384:Ottoman music
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4307:
4303:
4297:
4294:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4249:
4242:
4237:
4235:
4230:
4228:
4223:
4222:
4219:
4207:
4199:
4197:
4193:
4189:
4187:
4179:
4177:
4169:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4146:
4143:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4104:New-age music
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3990:
3986:
3980:
3979:United States
3977:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3873:
3869:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3856:
3853:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3836:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3817:
3813:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3787:
3783:
3780:
3776:
3770:
3769:Dates of eras
3767:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3744:
3739:
3737:
3732:
3730:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3715:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3678:
3668:
3667:0-521-01668-1
3664:
3660:
3659:0-521-81642-4
3656:
3652:
3648:
3645:
3644:0-19-816683-4
3641:
3637:
3636:0-19-816684-2
3633:
3629:
3625:
3622:
3619:
3618:0-19-315468-4
3615:
3611:
3610:0-19-315471-4
3607:
3603:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3593:0-306-80819-6
3590:
3586:
3582:
3581:Barney Childs
3578:
3575:
3572:
3571:0-521-65383-5
3568:
3565:
3564:0-521-65297-9
3561:
3557:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3537:0-393-95272-X
3534:
3530:
3526:
3523:
3519:
3518:0-19-816511-0
3515:
3511:
3510:0-19-816578-1
3507:
3503:
3499:
3496:
3493:
3492:0-02-864655-X
3489:
3485:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3475:0-306-80893-5
3472:
3468:
3467:0-02-870823-7
3464:
3460:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3450:1-904041-70-1
3447:
3443:
3439:
3436:
3433:
3432:3-492-04037-3
3429:
3425:
3419:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3408:3-89007-037-X
3405:
3401:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3387:
3386:Stanley Sadie
3383:
3382:
3377:
3374:
3370:
3369:Stanley Sadie
3366:
3365:
3360:
3357:
3353:
3352:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3330:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3315:0-674-74083-1
3311:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3282:Toop, Richard
3279:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3262:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3231:
3225:
3221:
3219:0-02-873040-2
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3193:0-19-514484-8
3189:
3185:
3180:
3176:
3175:
3170:
3166:
3165:Stanley Sadie
3161:
3157:
3151:
3147:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3109:Chatham, Rhys
3106:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3092:
3091:Stanley Sadie
3088:
3084:
3080:
3078:3-7643-6449-1
3074:
3070:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3046:
3045:
3024:
3020:
3013:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2981:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2962:
2956:
2955:0-19-063626-2
2952:
2948:
2942:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2911:
2895:
2891:
2884:
2876:
2872:
2865:
2858:
2853:
2846:
2841:
2834:
2829:
2822:
2817:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2797:
2791:
2784:
2779:
2772:
2767:
2760:
2759:Anderson 1992
2755:
2749:, p. 199
2748:
2747:Schwartz 1994
2743:
2741:
2733:
2732:Botstein 2001
2728:
2721:
2716:
2709:
2704:
2688:
2684:
2678:
2671:
2666:
2659:
2654:
2647:
2642:
2635:
2630:
2623:
2622:Whittall 2001
2618:
2614:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2579:Warsaw Autumn
2577:
2575:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2538:
2537:MATA Festival
2535:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2467:
2456:
2453:
2445:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2411:This section
2409:
2405:
2400:
2399:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2372:Eric Whitacre
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2352:Frank Ticheli
2350:
2348:
2347:Steven Stucky
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2332:Philip Sparke
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2306:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2284:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2248:Johan de Meij
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2183:John Harbison
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2098:Steven Bryant
2096:
2094:
2093:Warren Benson
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2083:David Bedford
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2065:concert bands
2055:
2052:
2044:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2010:This section
2008:
2004:
1999:
1998:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1952:Asko Concerto
1949:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1920:Claude Vivier
1917:
1916:
1912:
1910:
1909:Luciano Berio
1906:
1905:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1891:
1890:György Ligeti
1887:
1886:
1885:Ramifications
1882:
1880:
1879:Jean Barraqué
1876:
1873:
1871:
1870:Claude Vivier
1867:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1751:Brothers Quay
1748:
1747:
1742:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1723:
1718:
1717:György Ligeti
1714:
1713:
1708:
1707:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1692:John Williams
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1582:Michael Kamen
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1572:Henry Jackman
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1562:Akira Ifukube
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1492:Ramin Djawadi
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1477:Aaron Copland
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1447:Michael Abels
1445:
1444:
1442:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1425:Claude Vivier
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1340:Michael Nyman
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1325:Olga Neuwirth
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1305:Richard Meale
1303:
1301:
1300:Missy Mazzoli
1298:
1296:
1295:Luca Lombardi
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1280:György Ligeti
1278:
1276:
1275:André Laporte
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1117:Rudolf Brucci
1115:
1113:
1112:Antonio Braga
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1102:Oscar Bianchi
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1092:Luciano Berio
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1072:Lera Auerbach
1070:
1068:
1067:Robert Ashley
1065:
1063:
1062:Bruce Adolphe
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1023:
1020:
1012:
1002:
998:
994:
988:
987:
983:
978:This section
976:
972:
967:
966:
953:
951:
950:Roger Redgate
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
912:, innovative
911:
907:
903:
902:microtonality
899:
895:
891:
887:
884:Though often
882:
880:
876:
872:
871:Nigel Osborne
868:
858:
848:
846:
842:
832:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
809:Grant Colburn
806:
802:
797:
795:
791:
787:
777:
773:
762:
752:
750:
744:
733:
722:
721:Music theatre
715:Music theatre
712:
710:
707:
702:
696:
685:
675:
673:
669:
665:
661:
660:Wolfgang Rihm
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
608:Pierre Boulez
603:
601:
597:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
567:Bruno Maderna
564:
563:Pierre Boulez
560:
555:
545:
540:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
474:
472:
468:
464:
463:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
429:Pierre Boulez
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
364:
349:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
292:
287:
285:
280:
278:
273:
272:
270:
269:
262:
260:
255:
251:
250:
240:
238:
235:
234:
224:
222:
219:
218:
215:
214:
211:
208:
207:
200:
197:
193:
192:
183:
181:
178:
177:
174:
171:
167:
166:
157:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
141:
140:
131:
129:
126:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
114:
107:
104:
100:
99:
90:
88:
85:
84:
81:
78:
74:
73:
64:
62:
59:
58:
55:
54:
51:
48:
47:
44:
40:Major eras of
39:
38:
33:
32:Popular music
19:
6260:
6246:
6232:
6021:Vatican City
5971:Turkmenistan
5871:South Africa
5841:Sierra Leone
5821:Saudi Arabia
5196:Burkina Faso
4856:Record label
4742:Music school
4602:Concert band
4512:Angular harp
4439:Circus music
4324:Arabic music
4131:Third stream
4094:Experimental
3925:Porto Alegre
3895:21st-century
3890:20th-century
3885:Contemporary
3884:
3833:
3650:
3627:
3601:
3584:
3555:
3545:
3541:
3528:
3521:
3501:
3483:
3458:
3441:
3423:
3399:
3390:John Tyrrell
3379:
3373:John Tyrrell
3367:, edited by
3362:
3355:
3327:
3305:
3285:
3265:
3259:
3234:
3228:
3209:
3183:
3172:
3169:John Tyrrell
3145:
3136:
3132:
3098:
3095:John Tyrrell
3068:
3049:
3027:. Retrieved
3012:
2999:. Retrieved
2990:
2980:
2966:
2961:
2946:
2941:
2929:. Retrieved
2920:
2910:
2900:20 September
2898:. Retrieved
2883:
2874:
2864:
2852:
2845:Chatham 1994
2840:
2833:Colburn 2007
2828:
2821:Watkins 1994
2816:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2794:
2790:
2778:
2771:Johnson 2001
2766:
2754:
2727:
2715:
2703:
2691:. Retrieved
2677:
2665:
2653:
2646:Manning 2004
2641:
2629:
2617:
2475:
2448:
2439:
2424:Please help
2412:
2238:Nicholas Maw
2203:Yasuhide Ito
2168:Peter Graham
2163:Julie Giroux
2073:James Barnes
2062:
2047:
2038:
2023:Please help
2011:
1982:
1974:
1966:
1958:
1950:
1942:
1933:
1913:
1902:
1894:
1888:(1968â69) â
1883:
1865:
1851:
1831:
1822:
1811:
1800:
1787:Frank Martin
1768:
1754:
1744:
1741:Nicolas Roeg
1734:
1720:
1710:
1704:
1702:
1687:Franz Waxman
1647:Howard Shore
1637:MiklĂłs RĂłzsa
1607:David Newman
1557:James Horner
1552:Joe Hisaishi
1502:Danny Elfman
1467:Howard Blake
1440:
1395:Howard Shore
1345:Michael Obst
1315:Robert Moran
1270:Lori Laitman
1215:Philip Glass
1187:Péter Eötvös
1137:Daniel CatĂĄn
1087:Tim Benjamin
1077:Gerald Barry
1030:
1015:
1006:
991:Please help
979:
938:James Dillon
883:
879:Richard Toop
865:
845:Rhys Chatham
838:
817:Paulo GalvĂŁo
798:
794:Gavin Bryars
784:
746:
709:synthesizers
698:
628:Ralph Shapey
624:George Perle
604:
557:
542:
494:Philip Glass
490:Henry Cowell
475:
460:
457:Le Corbusier
453:Anton Webern
426:
366:
326:serial music
322:Anton Webern
314:modern forms
310:21st century
301:
300:
259:21st-century
254:20th-century
237:Contemporary
236:
6125:Terminology
6105:Instruments
5911:Switzerland
5881:South Sudan
5876:South Korea
5801:Saint Lucia
5756:Philippines
5701:North Korea
5681:New Zealand
5676:Netherlands
5481:Ivory Coast
5321:El Salvador
5066:Afghanistan
5033:Micronesian
4834:Compilation
4747:Composition
4642:Composition
4607:Disc jockey
4580:Backup band
4507:Arched Harp
4264:Prehistoric
4206:WikiProject
4099:Light music
4084:Baroque pop
4079:Avant-garde
4034:Performance
3799:Renaissance
3786:Early music
3416: [
3288:(32): 4â8.
3001:October 26,
2993:. Variety.
2991:Variety.com
2921:g-enews.com
2783:Holmes 2008
2720:Straus 1999
2708:Bandur 2001
2693:October 11,
2564:Other Minds
2539:in New York
2510: [
2377:Dana Wilson
2367:Dan Welcher
2303: [
2290:Alfred Reed
2281: [
2268:Carter Pann
2243:John Mackey
2228:Cindy McTee
2188:Samuel Hazo
2138:Eric Ewazen
1792:Drei Lieder
1755:In Absentia
1736:La Chinoise
1722:The Shining
1709:(1968) and
1697:Hans Zimmer
1672:Brian Tyler
1617:John Powell
1527:Ernest Gold
1512:Robert Folk
1507:Brad Fiedel
1482:John Debney
1430:Judith Weir
1390:David Sawer
1355:Marcus Paus
1335:Per NÞrgÄrd
1255:York Höller
1240:Daron Hagen
1147:Azio Corghi
1142:Tom Cipullo
1052:Thomas AdĂšs
946:James Erber
918:polyrhythms
781:Historicism
749:eclecticism
743:Polystylism
596:dodecaphony
518:performance
498:Steve Reich
409:mixed media
246: 1945
230: 1890
87:Renaissance
50:Early music
6011:Uzbekistan
5931:Tajikistan
5836:Seychelles
5816:San Marino
5651:Mozambique
5641:Montenegro
5611:Mauritania
5576:Madagascar
5571:Luxembourg
5526:Kyrgyzstan
5501:Kazakhstan
5306:East Timor
5256:Costa Rica
5221:Cape Verde
5131:Bangladesh
5116:Azerbaijan
5038:Polynesian
5028:Melanesian
4810:Production
4789:Organology
4754:Musicology
4489:Soul music
4444:Folk music
4429:Vernacular
4119:Film score
4114:Soundtrack
4053:Conducting
3972:Birmingham
3908:By country
3757:Definition
3480:Gann, Kyle
2931:13 January
2587:in Romania
2481:Ars Musica
2470:See also:
2337:Jack Stamp
2300:Rolf Rudin
2278:Marco PĂŒtz
2263:Ron Nelson
2258:Lior Navok
2198:Karel Husa
1934:Invocation
1612:Alex North
1457:John Barry
1385:Carol Sams
1365:Kevin Puts
1330:Luigi Nono
1320:Nico Muhly
1235:Dae-Ho Eom
1172:John Eaton
1047:John Adams
1042:Mark Adamo
916:, complex
571:Luigi Nono
522:Schoenberg
433:Luigi Nono
401:minimalism
381:neoclassic
357:Background
318:post-tonal
6146:Album era
6026:Venezuela
5891:Sri Lanka
5846:Singapore
5731:Palestine
5686:Nicaragua
5616:Mauritius
5566:Lithuania
5451:Indonesia
5406:Guatemala
5106:Australia
5096:Argentina
5016:Caribbean
4970:Southeast
4695:and study
4693:Education
4683:Technique
4564:Ensembles
4474:Pop music
4306:Art music
4284:Religious
4164:Festivals
4063:Orchestra
3915:Australia
3880:Modernism
3872:New music
3843:Classical
3764:Art music
3714:Bachtrack
3115:", with "
3111:. 1994. "
3029:March 18,
2857:Toop 1988
2809:passively
2581:in Poland
2413:does not
2394:Festivals
2012:does not
1987:Caio FacĂł
1985:(2019) â
1960:Dialogues
1918:(1982) â
1907:(1972) â
1868:(1968) â
1836:(1960) â
1816:(1956) â
1805:(1951) â
1794:(1950) â
1785:(1949) â
1746:Walkabout
1632:Nino Rota
1415:Josef Tal
1122:John Cage
980:does not
890:dissonant
559:Serialism
528:Movements
482:John Cage
445:serialism
397:serialism
373:dissonant
221:Modernism
210:New music
154:Classical
6305:Category
6267:Category
6080:Timeline
6051:Zimbabwe
5941:Thailand
5936:Tanzania
5901:Suriname
5856:Slovenia
5851:Slovakia
5766:Portugal
5746:Paraguay
5721:Pakistan
5636:Mongolia
5591:Maldives
5586:Malaysia
5511:Kiribati
5431:Honduras
5346:Ethiopia
5341:Eswatini
5296:Dominica
5291:Djibouti
5246:Colombia
5211:Cameroon
5206:Cambodia
5191:Bulgaria
5176:Botswana
5136:Barbados
5023:Oceanian
4977:European
4933:Southern
4866:Sampling
4663:Notation
4597:Big band
4559:Musician
4289:Biblical
4186:Category
3855:Romantic
3794:Medieval
3696:Archived
3687:Sussurro
3661:(cloth)
3638:(cloth)
3626:. 1999.
3612:(cloth)
3600:. 1987.
3554:. 1999.
3512:(cloth)
3500:. 1995.
3482:. 1997.
3457:. 1995.
3422:. 1998.
3398:. 1984.
3304:(1994).
3208:(1993).
3171:(eds.).
3097:(eds.).
3023:Archived
2995:Archived
2925:Archived
2894:Archived
2687:Archived
2598:See also
2574:Plymouth
1875:Concerto
1802:Nummer 2
1739:(1967),
1285:Liza Lim
841:art rock
701:computer
514:notation
180:Romantic
61:Medieval
6176:Warfare
6075:Outline
6031:Vietnam
6016:Vanuatu
6006:Uruguay
5986:Ukraine
5961:Tunisia
5866:Somalia
5826:Senegal
5781:Romania
5696:Nigeria
5661:Namibia
5656:Myanmar
5646:Morocco
5626:Moldova
5551:Liberia
5546:Lesotho
5541:Lebanon
5486:Jamaica
5466:Ireland
5441:Iceland
5436:Hungary
5401:Grenada
5386:Germany
5381:Georgia
5361:Finland
5336:Estonia
5331:Eritrea
5311:Ecuador
5286:Denmark
5261:Croatia
5251:Comoros
5201:Burundi
5166:Bolivia
5146:Belgium
5141:Belarus
5126:Bahrain
5121:Bahamas
5111:Austria
5101:Armenia
5081:Andorra
5076:Algeria
5071:Albania
4950:Central
4918:Central
4913:African
4296:Secular
4279:Martial
4269:Ancient
4176:Outline
4072:Related
4041:Concert
3947:Ireland
3942:Germany
3824:Baroque
3041:Sources
2434:removed
2419:sources
2033:removed
2018:sources
1866:Ojikawa
1823:Requiem
1765:Chamber
1001:removed
986:sources
914:timbres
906:tunings
462:modulor
423:1945â75
352:History
128:Baroque
6281:Portal
6085:Albums
6046:Zambia
5981:Uganda
5976:Tuvalu
5966:Turkey
5926:Taiwan
5906:Sweden
5831:Serbia
5791:Rwanda
5786:Russia
5761:Poland
5736:Panama
5711:Norway
5631:Monaco
5621:Mexico
5581:Malawi
5536:Latvia
5521:Kuwait
5516:Kosovo
5496:Jordan
5471:Israel
5421:Guyana
5411:Guinea
5396:Greece
5376:Gambia
5366:France
5271:Cyprus
5216:Canada
5186:Brunei
5181:Brazil
5161:Bhutan
5151:Belize
5086:Angola
5057:
4987:Nordic
4982:Balkan
4817:Single
4722:Method
4673:Lyrics
4637:Theory
4196:Portal
4154:Genres
4025:T to Z
4020:R to S
4015:N to G
4010:K to M
4005:G to J
4000:C to F
3995:A to B
3962:Russia
3957:Kosovo
3937:France
3932:Canada
3920:Brazil
3829:Galant
3665:
3657:
3646:(pbk.)
3642:
3634:
3620:(pbk.)
3616:
3608:
3591:
3579:, and
3573:(pbk.)
3569:
3562:
3535:
3524:(1981)
3516:
3508:
3490:
3473:
3465:
3448:
3434:(pbk.)
3430:
3406:
3312:
3251:833614
3249:
3216:
3190:
3152:
3075:
2972:
2953:
1944:Kol-Od
948:, and
904:, odd
886:atonal
706:analog
670:, and
642:, and
589:, and
573:, and
504:, and
435:, and
413:fluxus
377:atonal
336:, and
6120:Songs
6070:Index
6063:Lists
6041:Yemen
5951:Tonga
5916:Syria
5896:Sudan
5886:Spain
5811:Samoa
5771:Qatar
5726:Palau
5691:Niger
5671:Nepal
5666:Nauru
5601:Malta
5556:Libya
5506:Kenya
5491:Japan
5476:Italy
5446:India
5426:Haiti
5391:Ghana
5371:Gabon
5316:Egypt
5241:China
5236:Chile
5156:Benin
4965:South
4945:Asian
4928:North
4891:Remix
4886:Cover
4844:Remix
4658:Genre
4527:Nafir
4449:Blues
4431:music
4274:Dance
4248:Music
4149:Lists
3952:Italy
3669:(pbk)
3420:]
3247:JSTOR
3051:Tempo
2761:, 18.
2734:, §9.
2610:Notes
2514:]
2307:]
2285:]
1733:, in
1622:Riopy
961:Opera
790:laude
598:, or
241:from
225:from
6213:Folk
5946:Togo
5751:Peru
5716:Oman
5596:Mali
5531:Laos
5461:Iraq
5456:Iran
5356:Fiji
5266:Cuba
5231:Chad
4955:East
4938:West
4923:East
4839:Live
4678:Song
4653:Form
4469:Jazz
3663:ISBN
3655:ISBN
3640:ISBN
3632:ISBN
3614:ISBN
3606:ISBN
3589:ISBN
3567:ISBN
3560:ISBN
3533:ISBN
3514:ISBN
3506:ISBN
3488:ISBN
3471:ISBN
3463:ISBN
3446:ISBN
3428:ISBN
3404:ISBN
3388:and
3371:and
3310:ISBN
3214:ISBN
3188:ISBN
3150:ISBN
3073:ISBN
3031:2023
3003:2021
2970:ISBN
2951:ISBN
2933:2024
2902:2023
2695:2018
2417:any
2415:cite
2016:any
2014:cite
1853:Stop
984:any
982:cite
827:and
774:and
469:and
451:and
387:and
344:and
4717:PhD
3546:N.B
3334:doi
3290:doi
3270:doi
3239:doi
3119:".
3056:doi
2796:OED
2428:by
2027:by
1753:in
1743:in
995:by
792:of
622:,
618:,
316:of
304:is
6307::
3712:,
3418:de
3332:.
3266:83
3264:.
3245:.
3235:32
3233:.
3204:;
3167:;
3137:13
3135:.
3093:;
2989:.
2919:.
2873:.
2739:^
2685:.
2572:,
2512:es
2305:nl
2283:nl
1761:.
1729:.
952:.
944:,
940:,
936:,
932:,
928:,
900:,
847:.
831:.
819:,
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811:,
807:,
796:.
674:.
666:,
662:,
658:,
654:,
650:,
638:,
634:,
630:,
626:,
614:,
610:,
585:,
581:,
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565:,
524:.
516:,
500:,
496:,
492:,
488:,
484:,
480:,
431:,
411:,
407:,
348:.
332:,
328:,
243:c.
227:c.
185:c.
159:c.
133:c.
92:c.
66:c.
6283::
4240:e
4233:t
4226:v
3742:e
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3340:.
3336::
3318:.
3296:.
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3276:.
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3253:.
3241::
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3081:.
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3033:.
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2935:.
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2877:.
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2624:.
2455:)
2449:(
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