251:
20:
263:
275:
242:
Reynaud, called for a
European Constituent Assembly directly elected by the people of Europe. Others wanted a more modest consultative Assembly, more likely to prove more acceptable to the governments...for that reason the call for 'the pooling and transfer of sovereign rights' prevailed over that for a 'Federalist State'".
229:
Whilst the
European Union of Federalists and the European Parliamentary Union had clear federalist objectives, the other organisations, "confined themselves officially to vague formulas: they wanted to 'increase and cultivate opportunities for co-operation among European nations (ELEC), 'to ensure to
241:
The
Political Resolution reflected the attempt to find common ground between the federalists and those who favoured a more gradualist, intergovernmental approach. As Retinger subsequently recalled, "There were heated debates, particularly in the Political Commission as the Federalists, led by Paul
205:. The creation of a Committee for the Co-ordination of the International Movements for European Unity was agreed at a meeting in Paris on 20 July 1947 convened by Sandys and Retinger to bring together a number of existing organisations working for European unity - the
144:, church leaders, lawyers, professors, entrepreneurs and historians also took an active role in the congress. A call was launched for a political, economic and monetary Union of Europe. This landmark conference was to have a profound influence on the shape of the
225:
also participated in the meeting but subsequently declined to join the committee. Renamed the
International Committee of the Movements for European Unity in December 1947, Sandys was elected its chairman and Retigner its Honorary Secretary.
74:, providing them with the opportunity to discuss ideas about the development of European political co-operation. It was held under the auspices of the International Committee of the Movements for European Unity, subsequently to become the
167:
159:
at the
Congress. This would be a college where university graduates from many different countries, some only a short while before at war with each other, could study and live together.
775:
230:
the government of the day wide support for any action which tends towards
European unity' (UEM) and in general to evolve pragmatically towards a confederal union".
749:
854:
801:
238:
The
Congress adopted three resolutions, each prepared by a Commission: a Political Resolution, an Economic and Social Resolution, and a Cultural Resolution.
912:
474:
917:
881:
173:
The
Congress provided the means to heighten public opinion for European unity. On 20 July 1948, at the Hague meeting of ministers of
922:
206:
897:
193:). Thus the conclusions of the Congress became French government policy and then the subject of European governmental policy.
578:
250:
957:
673:
19:
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605:
542:
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186:
262:
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393:
202:
75:
836:
733:
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364:, LĂ©on Chevalme, Alphonse Colle, Maurice Schumann, Auguste Cool, Henri Lambotte, Henri Davezac, Ivo Duchacek,
902:
479:
218:
274:
222:
907:
952:
214:
937:
56:
345:
405:
301:
174:
666:
Poland and
European Integration: The Ideas and Movements of Polish Exiles in the West, 1939–91
453:
349:
102:
947:
381:
152:
489:
433:
416:, Harold Butler, Louis Salleron, Jacques Lacour-Gayet, Pierre Hély d’Oissel, Pieter Otten,
369:
210:
98:
444:, Edmond Michelet, Jean de Suzannet, Hugh Delargy, Jean Mathé, Jean Buchmann, Henri Koch,
8:
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297:
114:
877:
285:
94:
71:
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635:. John Pinder, John C. de V. Roberts. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan.
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255:
110:
615:
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137:
690:
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365:
141:
24:
860:
776:"Economic and Social Resolution of the Hague Congress (7–10 May 1948)"
168:
Convention for the
Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
44:
28:
535:
1948-1988, 40 years European Movement: Congress of Europe, The Hague
460:, Edmond Giscard d’Estaing, Henri Cangardel, Georges Le Brun Kéris.
181:
proposed the creation of a European Assembly (realized in the later
16:
1948 congress on European integration held in The Hague, Netherlands
632:
Federal Union : the pioneers : a history of Federal Union
570:
162:
The Congress also discussed the future structure and role of the
47:
from 7–11 May 1948 with 750 delegates participating from around
52:
48:
166:. Teitgen and Maxwell-Fyfe were instrumental in creating the
750:"Political Resolution of the Hague Congress (7–10 May 1948)"
663:
376:; André François-Poncet, André Lefèvre, marquis d'Ormesson,
270:
arriving at the European Congress in The Hague (May 9, 1948)
802:"Cultural Resolution of the Hague Congress (7–10 May 1948)"
203:
International Committee of the Movements for European Unity
258:
arriving at the Hall of Knights in The Hague (May 9, 1948)
70:, brought together representatives from across a broad
109:'s government), three former French prime ministers,
880:
on the Hague Congress (1948) are consultable at the
380:, Étienne Gilson, Charles Morgan, Bertrand Russell,
889:
728:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 658.
475:History of the European Communities (1945-1957)
831:. London: Chatto and Windus Ltd. p. 222.
597:Joseph Retinger--memoirs of an eminence grise;
233:
196:
185:) and a customs and economic union (the later
829:Joseph Retinger: Memoirs of an Eminence Grise
695:(English ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
245:
855:Political resolution of the Hague congress
600:. John Pomian. : Sussex University Press.
913:Diplomatic conferences in the Netherlands
882:Historical Archives of the European Union
726:A History of European Integration 1945-47
560:
593:
273:
261:
249:
207:European League for Economic Cooperation
18:
723:
688:
664:Lane, Thomas; Wolanski, Marian (2009).
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826:
372:, Édouard Bonnefous, Georges Chevrot,
628:
148:, which was created soon afterwards.
81:Important political figures, such as
918:20th-century diplomatic conferences
657:
31:, during the congress (May 9, 1948)
13:
201:The Congress was organised by the
43:was a conference that was held in
14:
969:
848:
692:A history of European integration
215:Nouvelles Equipes Internationales
187:European Coal and Steel Community
561:Borchardt, Klaus-Dieter (2010).
155:proposed the establishment of a
923:1948 in international relations
820:
448:, André Voisin, Robert Bichet,
392:, René Capitant, Léon Julliot,
189:and the two communities of the
794:
768:
742:
717:
682:
622:
587:
554:
424:, Raymond Aron, René Courtin,
177:, Schuman's Foreign Minister
1:
898:History of the European Union
563:The ABC of European Union Law
515:
480:History of the European Union
219:European Union of Federalists
668:. Springer. pp. 81–86.
522:Congress of Europe, May 1948
223:European Parliamentary Union
7:
958:1940s political conferences
537:; European Movement, 1989;
524:; Council of Europe, 1999;
463:
234:Conclusions of the Congress
197:Preparation of the Congress
62:The Congress, organized by
10:
974:
170:at the Council of Europe.
51:as well as observers from
943:May 1948 events in Europe
933:20th century in The Hague
724:Lipgens, Walter (1982).
689:Lipgens, Walter (1982).
594:Retinger, J. H. (1972).
246:Participants (selection)
57:United States of America
928:1948 in the Netherlands
629:Mayne, Richard (1990).
565:. Publications Office.
456:, Luc Durand-RĂ©ville,
302:Albert-Édouard Janssen
282:
271:
259:
211:United Europe Movement
175:Western European Union
151:The Spanish statesman
32:
396:, Michel Polonowski,
382:Salvador de Madariaga
281:opening the congress.
277:
265:
253:
153:Salvador de Madariaga
22:
903:Political congresses
861:Speak up Europe blog
827:Pomian, ed. (1972).
490:European Communities
434:Gilberte Brossolette
408:, Henry de SĂ©gogne,
99:Pierre-Henri Teitgen
78:after the Congress.
510:Schuman Declaration
505:supranational union
454:François de Menthon
384:; Raymond Rifflet,
350:François Mitterrand
340:, Jacques Augarde,
105:(both ministers in
103:François Mitterrand
908:Late modern Europe
866:2014-02-19 at the
808:. 4 September 2012
782:. 20 December 2013
438:Frances L. Josephy
412:, Maurice Allais,
368:, Gaston Tessier,
322:Hjalmar J. Procopé
286:Marcel Pilet-Golaz
283:
272:
260:
95:David Maxwell-Fyfe
72:political spectrum
41:Congress of Europe
33:
953:Winston Churchill
873:European Movement
756:. 2 December 2013
580:978-92-78-40525-0
485:Council of Europe
442:Germaine Peyroles
432:, Raymond Silva,
346:Johannes Hoffmann
290:Winston Churchill
279:Winston Churchill
268:Winston Churchill
183:Council of Europe
164:Council of Europe
157:College of Europe
146:European Movement
136:A broad range of
87:Winston Churchill
76:European Movement
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938:1948 conferences
878:Archival sources
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500:supranationalism
458:Robert Lemaignen
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390:Walter Hallstein
378:Nicolò Carandini
342:Gustav Heinemann
338:Paul van Zeeland
318:Indalecio Prieto
298:Édouard Daladier
191:Treaties of Rome
131:Altiero Spinelli
123:Paul van Zeeland
115:Édouard Daladier
91:Harold Macmillan
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314:Knut Kristensen
294:Grigore Gafencu
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83:Konrad Adenauer
25:Hall of Knights
23:Meeting in the
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884:in Florence
398:Émile Borel
306:Antony Eden
142:journalists
892:Categories
838:0856210021
735:0198225873
516:References
394:Lord Moran
366:Carl Romme
45:The Hague
29:The Hague
864:Archived
651:26163180
549:Specific
464:See also
217:and the
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812:27 July
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780:cvce.eu
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