1272:
delegation in
Belgium. Kasa-Vubu was the only person who fought for the release of Lumumba. Hence, the say “Kasa-Vubu made Lumumba as one of the fathers of the Belgian Congo independence… through his released from prison and his subsequent participation in the Round Table” (Nzita Na Nzita). In short “Et Kasa-Vubu ressuscita l’homme politique Lumumba” (Nzita Na Nzita). This is one of the reason Lumumba backed Kasa-Vubu candidacy for the presidency even though Abako was third in the May election (1960). The adage is simple “you scratch my back I’ll scratch yours in turn” which nowadays can be interpreted as a “win-win situation” for both of them Kasa-Vubu and Lumumba. In this respect, the Round Table organized a vote that consisted of fourteen questions. Question 9 dealt with Lumumba’s case since His criminal record was already tainted as he was already convicted by the colonial justice for embezzlement of public funds of the PTT (Telegraph and Telephone Post) of the city of Stanleyville. Question 9 was formulated as follows:” Is it necessary to provide for a softening to the exclusion provisions at eligibility (amendment written by ABAKO-PSA-MNC-PP so as to enable Lumumba's eligibility?” The result was as follows: Out of the 11 political groups, six political groups voted "yes". They included Cartel (Abako; M. N.C.-Kalonji; P.S.A.; Parti du Peuple; F.G.C.et Abazi), Cerea, M. N.C.-Lumumba, Assoreco, Cartel Katangais (Balubakat-Fedeko-Atcar) et Union Congolaise. Four political groups voted against the motion "no". They were P.N.P., Conakat, Alliance Rurale Progressiste (Kivu), and Délégation des chefs coutumiers. One political group, Union Congolaise, abstained.
884:
713:
31:
589:
85:
1331:) to present their demands at the conference. That evening the Common Front released its first statement. It was demanded that the negotiations be more than consultative; all decisions reached should be made binding on the Belgian government. It also required that the Congo should immediately be granted independence. De Schryver and the Belgian delegation were shocked by the joint statement, having underestimated the full extent of Congolese discontent and their willingness to cooperate across party lines.
1326:
On the eve of the conference the
Congolese delegations held a series of meetings. Concern was expressed by Congolese students in Brussels that disunity in the Congo would prevent the delegates from taking advantage of Belgium's tenuous position. As a result, almost all of the delegations resolved to
1271:
Important information regarding the
Congolese delegation is the fact that Patrice Emery Lumumba was part of the original delegation. He was in prison. It’s Joseph Kasa-Vubu who put pressure on the Belgian government and demanded the release of Lumumba from prison so that he can join the original
580:) were invited to the Round Table Conference to reduce the proportion of key independence figures in the delegations. The following is a complete list of the Congolese delegates and their Belgian advisers to the first conference:
561:
564:
on
January 13, 1959. Where he expressed the desire to "lead the Congolese populations, without harmful procrastination, but also without thoughtless haste, toward independence, in prosperity, and in peace."
723:
296:
568:
On
January 3, 1960, the Belgian government announced it was convening a round table conference with the goal of helping the Congolese transition from colonial rule to independence.
84:
301:
931:
1782:
281:
1018:
944:
473:) and on the other side Belgian political and business leaders. The round table meetings led to the adoption of sixteen resolutions on the future of the
1071:
59:
17:
1247:
679:
1205:
Edouard Bayona, a
Congolese attaché to the Belgian government, was appointed to attend the conference. Journalist and future Congolese dictator
704:
505: (PSB). The idea of a bilateral conference aimed at organising the independence of the Belgian colony was in turn adopted by the
465:(January 20 – February 20 and April 26 – May 16) between on the one side representatives of the Congolese political class and chiefs (
1463:
1429:
514:
1263:, future vice-president of the European Commission, was also at the conference attached to the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
1446:"Des «Dialogues» belgo-congolais aux Dialogues intercongolais 1960-2001: À la recherche de l'unité et de la légitimité en R.D.C."
1497:
976:
Deputy members - Dominique
Mubanga, Joseph Kulumba, Lius Witshima, Michel Atoka, Pierre Mombele, Ignoce Kanga, Revocato Kapepa,
478:
135:
71:
506:
343:
1551:
1536:
1481:
894:
883:
125:
52:
1523:
1565:
The political future of the
Belgian Congo; the royal message and the government's declaration of January 13, 1959 (1959)
1772:
1563:
1584:
1280:
Representatives from Ruanda and Urundi attended in preparation for the independence of their respective territories.
712:
517:, Belgium's largest political party at the time. Several factors contributed to this idea taking shape, including:
120:
30:
1687:
1621:
588:
45:
184:
556:'s second visit to the Belgian Congo in December 1959 which didn't allow the political tensions to be reduced.
535:
in
January 1959, the worsening security climate and the rising feeling of insecurity among colonial settlers.
130:
110:
1086:
328:
276:
769:
560:
The creation of a large scale
Belgian-Congolese dialogue was also compatible with a speech from Belgian
489:
The idea for a round table conference was first formulated in 1959 by the Congolese Labour Party (PTC,
348:
1787:
1206:
810:
Deputy members - Charles Mutaka, François Kasongo (later transferred and replaced by Prosper Muyumba)
1510:
1777:
1568:. Office de l'information et des relations publiques pour le Congo belge et le Ruanda-Urundi. 1959.
1027:
539:
433:
286:
1735:
Du Congo belge au Congo indépendant, 1940-1960: émergence des "évolués" et genèse du nationalisme
1440:
1438:
502:
1379:
415:
1459:
1435:
875:
1339:
The Round Table Conference was opened on January 20 with a speech by Belgian Prime Minister
532:
115:
1705:
1366:
949:
634:
291:
271:
1040:
226:
8:
971:
805:
553:
373:
363:
353:
174:
1260:
1750:
1359:
1295:
1233:
1172:
967:
918:
745:
510:
383:
179:
140:
1711:
545:
Deteriorating local economy (the public debt of the colony rose from 4 to 46 billion
37:
189:
1633:
1552:"République démocratique du Congo: les générations condamnées : déliquescence"
1127:
1009:
765:
612:
522:
333:
206:
1308:
801:
1733:
1622:"La Conférence de la Table ronde belgo-congolaise (20 janvier - 20 février 1960)"
1503:
1289:
1062:
955:
907:
776:
526:
490:
466:
454:
378:
231:
201:
1590:
34:
Opening meeting of the Belgo-Congolese Round Table Conference on 20 January 1960
1340:
1221:
959:
911:
868:
851:
736:
625:
428:
368:
241:
221:
169:
1498:"L'équation congolaise: visiter le passé afin de mieux s'armer pour l'avenir "
1351:
At the end of the conference, the following notable resolutions were adopted:
1096:
855:
698:
246:
1766:
1314:
1253:
1241:
1237:
1115:
988:
977:
546:
474:
358:
216:
105:
1738:(in French). Publications de l'Institut de formation et d'Ă©tudes politiques.
1715:
1688:"La table ronde de Bruxelles comparée à la conférence nationale souveraine"
1227:
1105:
981:
692:
621:
Deputy members - Philibert Luyeye, Simon Nzeza, Emmanuel Kini, Joseph Yumbu
616:
316:
211:
1637:
1744:
1445:
1385:
422:
409:
338:
1754:
1746:
RÉSOLUTIONS DE LA CONFÉRENCE DE LA TABLE RONDE ÉCONOMIQUE LE 16 MAI 1960
538:
The general sentiment of the inevitable and irreversible process of the
1092:
Effective members - Jean-Médard Ilumbe, Eugéne N'Djoku, Innocent Abamba
963:
236:
1217:
On the Belgian side, among others, the following people were present:
477:
and its institutional reforms. With a broad consensus, the date for
1707:
The Belgo-Congolese Round Table: The historic days of February 1960
1157:
462:
1455:
1453:
1444:
RĂ©seau documentaire international sur la RĂ©gion des Grands Lacs,
788:
1704:
1596:
1450:
1382:, independence song created in conjunction with the conference.
1424:
1422:
1355:
The declaration of independence of the Congo on June 30, 1960.
1585:"La Table-Ronde de Bruxelles avait déjoué le plan Van Bilsen"
1181:
Deputy members - Busimbo Yaele, Joachim Bateko, Joseph Lionga
1133:
Effective members - Paul Bako Ditende, Antoine Mwenda-Munongo
599:
498:
1529:
1419:
1358:
The principles of the Congolese constitution, voted by the
1142:
1725:
The Congo Since Independence: January 1960 – December 1961
1476:
1474:
1472:
1482:"L'indépendance du Congo belge et l'avènement de Lumumba"
1644:
1546:
1544:
1430:"La stabilité du Congo-Kinshasa: enjeux et perspectives"
1209:
attended the conference as Patrice Lumumba's secretary.
1469:
669:
Deputy members - TĂ©odomie Nzamu Kwereka, Albert Kalinda
1602:
1405:
Some individuals are only identified by their surname.
67:
1668:
1656:
1541:
1509:
World Perspective Monde - Université de Sherbrooke,
1492:
1490:
1266:
887:
Patrice Lumumba with members of the MNC-L delegation
1148:Effective members - Henry Simba, Omari Penemizenga
1114:Deputy members - Michel Ohanga, Louis Tshimbambe,
1111:Effective members - Jonas Mangolo, Emeri Penesenga
1046:Deputy members - Valentin Lubuma, Christian Mafuta
789:Confédération des associations tribales du Katanga
461:) was a meeting organized in two parts in 1960 in
27:1960 meeting between Belgian and Congolese leaders
1487:
1365:The structural organisation of the state and the
1783:1960 in the Republic of the Congo (LĂ©opoldville)
1764:
1680:
521:Grassroots activism around popular figures like
1749:(in French). Chronique de Politique Étrangère.
1579:
1577:
1575:
1511:"Proclamation de l'indépendance du Congo Belge"
507:Minister of the Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi
1516:
1178:Effective members - François Kupa, Sabiti Mabe
1136:Deputy members - LĂ©on Ilunga, Kasembe, Kabembe
397:
1537:"L'avènement du Congo belge à l'indépendance"
53:
1572:
571:
1275:
724:Association des Ressortisants du Haut-Congo
666:Effective members - Gervais Bahizi, Sangara
680:Association Générale des Baluba du Katanga
60:
46:
1742:
1650:
611:Effective members - Edmond Nzeza-Nlandu,
882:
711:
587:
29:
1731:
1722:
1674:
1662:
1608:
716:Jean Bolikango seated at the Conference
14:
1765:
1710:. Brussels: C. Van Cortenbergh. 1960.
1298:, Founder and President of RADER party
451:Belgo-Congolese Round Table Conference
121:Belgo-Congolese Round Table Conference
1388:, a song written about the conference
1212:
396:
313:
259:
153:
92:
41:
1597:The Belgo-Congolese Round Table 1960
1079:
895:Mouvement National Congolais-Lumumba
840:Mouvement National Congolais-Kalonji
583:
1334:
1292:, 1st Minister of Finance of Rwanda
962:, Antoine Lopes, André Anekonzapa,
24:
1727:. London: Oxford University Press.
1163:Effective members - Michel Mputela
917:Deputy members - Sebastien Ikolo,
592:Kasa-Vubu seated at the Conference
25:
1799:
1267:Lumumba’s eligibility and arrival
1014:Deputy members - Antoine Mandungu
830:Effective members - Henri Kasongo
649:Deputy members - Wenceslas Mbueny
513:, who was also the leader of the
1256:, Minister for the Civil Service
576:A number of traditional chiefs (
497:). It gathered support from the
314:
93:
83:
18:Congolese Round Table Conference
1614:
1556:
1535:Persee - Revues scientifiques,
1399:
1317:, 6th Prime Minister of Burundi
1311:, 3rd Prime Minister of Burundi
1151:Deputy members - Joseph Tshomba
754:Centre du Regroupement Africain
741:Deputy members - Armand Bobanga
646:Effective members - Gaston Midu
1626:Courrier Hebdomadaire du Crisp
1428:Joseph Kamanda Kimona-Mbinga,
1067:Deputy members - Joseph Shango
185:Walter Ganshof van der Meersch
13:
1:
1697:
1166:Deputy members - Henri Ilenda
1043:, Sylvain Kama, Justin Matiti
484:
131:Lumumba's independence speech
1412:
820:Federation Generale du Congo
495:Parti Travailliste Congolais
459:Table ronde belgo-congolaise
329:Mutiny of the Force Publique
7:
1723:Hoskyns, Catherine (1965).
1524:"Les années 60 en Belgique"
1373:
1187:
871:, Muamba, Pierre Missa-Kabu
770:Jean-Chrysostome Weregemere
656:Alliance Rural Progressiste
260:
154:
10:
1804:
1743:Institute, Egmont (1960).
1480:Joseph Mbungu Nkandamana,
1346:
1321:
1049:Advisers - Spitaels-Evrard
481:was set on June 30, 1960.
399:Miscellaneous and cultural
1773:1960 in the Belgian Congo
1732:Makombo, Mutamba (1998).
1302:
1283:
932:Parti National du Progrès
572:The Congolese delegations
405:
324:
268:
162:
101:
81:
1550:Jean I. N. Kanyarwunga,
1392:
1276:Ruanda-Urundi delegation
1200:
1028:Parti Solidaire Africain
966:, André-Marie Edindali,
540:decolonization of Africa
434:Decolonisation of Africa
1464:"Belgique Congo - 1960"
1327:form a "Common Front" (
562:King Baudouin broadcast
549:between 1949 and 1960).
503:Belgian Socialist Party
954:, Jean-Marie Kititwa,
888:
717:
593:
515:Christian Social Party
501: (ABAKO) and the
494:
470:
458:
349:Stanleyville rebellion
35:
1638:10.3917/cris.058.0001
1230:, vice Prime Minister
1158:LĂ©opoldville Province
886:
715:
591:
339:South Kasai secession
136:Republic of the Congo
33:
1496:Bernard Laba Nzuzi,
1380:Indépendance Cha Cha
1367:separation of powers
1207:Joseph-Désiré Mobutu
1061:Effective members -
1039:Effective members -
1008:Effective members -
943:Effective members -
924:Advisers - E. Loliki
906:Effective members -
850:Effective members -
800:Effective members -
781:Advisers - J. Terfve
764:Effective members -
735:Effective members -
691:Effective members -
635:Alliance des Bayanzi
600:Alliance des Bakongo
416:Indépendance Cha Cha
1460:Jules GĂ©rard-Libois
972:Sylvestre Mudingayi
970:, LĂ©opold Likinda,
876:Jules GĂ©rard-Libois
806:Jean-Baptiste Kibwe
768:(later replaced by
374:Operation Grandslam
364:Siege of Jadotville
354:Operation Rum Punch
1632:(12): 1–20. 1960.
1360:Belgian Parliament
1296:Prosper Bwanakweli
1250:, Defence Minister
1236:, Minister of the
1234:August De Schryver
1213:Belgian delegation
1173:Orientale Province
1120:(from 13 February)
968:Ferdinand Essendja
919:Jean-Pierre Finant
914:, Jean-Marie Yumba
889:
859:(until 15 January)
833:Advisers - Lacourt
813:Advisers - Humblet
746:Victor Promontorio
718:
594:
533:LĂ©opoldville riots
511:August de Schryver
384:Kisangani Mutinies
180:August de Schryver
141:Lumumba Government
116:LĂ©opoldville riots
73:Congo-LĂ©opoldville
36:
1599:, pp. 62–63.
1522:Pierre Stéphany,
1121:
1099:, Mwanga, Mosamba
1095:Deputy members -
1087:Équateur Province
1080:Tribal chieftains
1041:Cléophas Kamitatu
991:, Lebrun, Cambier
867:Deputy members -
864:
863:(from 16 January)
860:
775:Deputy members -
697:Deputy members -
672:Advisers - Coulet
584:Political parties
446:
445:
442:
441:
392:
391:
334:Katanga secession
309:
308:
255:
254:
227:Cléophas Kamitatu
149:
148:
16:(Redirected from
1795:
1788:1960 conferences
1758:
1739:
1728:
1719:
1691:
1684:
1678:
1672:
1666:
1660:
1654:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1618:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1581:
1570:
1569:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1539:
1533:
1527:
1520:
1514:
1507:
1501:
1494:
1485:
1478:
1467:
1457:
1448:
1442:
1433:
1426:
1406:
1403:
1335:First conference
1261:Étienne Davignon
1224:, Prime Minister
1128:Katanga Province
1119:
1056:Union Congolaise
1010:Alphonse Nguvulu
953:
862:
858:
766:Anicet Kashamura
613:Joseph Kasa-Vubu
578:chefs coutumiers
523:Joseph Kasa-Vubu
499:Bakongo Alliance
471:chefs coutumiers
400:
394:
393:
319:
311:
310:
263:
257:
256:
207:Joseph Kasa-Vubu
157:
151:
150:
96:
90:
89:
87:
76:
74:
69:Independence of
62:
55:
48:
39:
38:
21:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1778:1960 in Belgium
1763:
1762:
1761:
1700:
1695:
1694:
1685:
1681:
1673:
1669:
1661:
1657:
1649:
1645:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1595:
1591:
1582:
1573:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1549:
1542:
1534:
1530:
1521:
1517:
1508:
1504:
1495:
1488:
1479:
1470:
1462:, Jean Heinen,
1458:
1451:
1443:
1436:
1427:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1400:
1395:
1376:
1349:
1337:
1324:
1305:
1290:Gaspard Cyimana
1286:
1278:
1269:
1215:
1203:
1190:
1082:
1063:Gabriel Kitenge
998:Parti du Peuple
980:, Romain Telu,
956:Alphonse Ilunga
947:
908:Patrice Lumumba
777:Marcel Bisukiro
586:
574:
552:The failure of
527:Patrice Lumumba
487:
447:
438:
401:
398:
388:
379:Simba Rebellion
344:UN intervention
320:
315:
305:
264:
261:
251:
232:Antoine Gizenga
202:Patrice Lumumba
158:
155:
145:
97:
94:
88:
77:
72:
70:
68:
66:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1801:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1760:
1759:
1740:
1729:
1720:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1686:Le Potentiel,
1679:
1667:
1655:
1653:, p. 525.
1651:Institute 1960
1643:
1613:
1611:, p. 436.
1601:
1589:
1583:Le Potentiel,
1571:
1555:
1540:
1528:
1515:
1502:
1486:
1468:
1449:
1434:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1383:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1363:
1356:
1348:
1345:
1341:Gaston Eyskens
1336:
1333:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1312:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1299:
1293:
1285:
1282:
1277:
1274:
1268:
1265:
1258:
1257:
1251:
1245:
1231:
1225:
1222:Gaston Eyskens
1214:
1211:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1124:
1123:
1122:
1112:
1106:KasaĂŻ Province
1102:
1101:
1100:
1093:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1068:
1065:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1015:
1012:
994:
993:
992:
985:
974:
960:Albert Delvaux
927:
926:
925:
922:
921:, Bruno Bukasa
915:
912:Joseph Kasongo
881:
880:
879:
878:
872:
869:Joseph Ngalula
865:
861:, Paul Ngandu
852:Albert Kalonji
836:
835:
834:
831:
816:
815:
814:
811:
808:
784:
783:
782:
779:
773:
750:
749:
748:
742:
739:
737:Jean Bolikango
710:
709:
708:
707:
701:
695:
675:
674:
673:
670:
667:
652:
651:
650:
647:
630:
629:
628:
622:
619:
585:
582:
573:
570:
558:
557:
550:
543:
536:
529:
486:
483:
444:
443:
440:
439:
437:
436:
431:
429:Year of Africa
426:
419:
412:
406:
403:
402:
390:
389:
387:
386:
381:
376:
371:
369:Kindu atrocity
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
325:
322:
321:
307:
306:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
266:
265:
253:
252:
250:
249:
244:
242:Jean Bolikango
239:
234:
229:
224:
222:Albert Kalonji
219:
214:
209:
204:
193:
192:
190:Émile Janssens
187:
182:
177:
172:
170:Gaston Eyskens
163:
160:
159:
147:
146:
144:
143:
138:
133:
128:
126:1960 Elections
123:
118:
113:
108:
102:
99:
98:
82:
79:
78:
65:
64:
57:
50:
42:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1800:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1756:
1752:
1748:
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1677:, p. 38.
1676:
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1665:, p. 37.
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1368:
1364:
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1357:
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1353:
1352:
1344:
1342:
1332:
1330:
1316:
1315:Joseph Bamina
1313:
1310:
1309:André Muhirwa
1307:
1306:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1281:
1273:
1264:
1262:
1255:
1254:Pierre Harmel
1252:
1249:
1248:Arthur Gilson
1246:
1243:
1242:Ruanda-Urundi
1239:
1238:Belgian Congo
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
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1191:
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1160:
1159:
1155:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1143:Kivu Province
1140:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1117:
1116:Emery Wafwana
1113:
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986:
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978:Gilbert Pongo
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817:
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807:
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802:MoĂŻse Tshombe
799:
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790:
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626:J. van Bilsen
623:
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590:
581:
579:
569:
566:
563:
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554:King Baudouin
551:
548:
547:Belgian franc
544:
541:
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534:
530:
528:
524:
520:
519:
518:
516:
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482:
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476:
475:Belgian Congo
472:
468:
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456:
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435:
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382:
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375:
372:
370:
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365:
362:
360:
359:Niemba Ambush
357:
355:
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347:
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342:
340:
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330:
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318:
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258:
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218:
217:Moise Tshombe
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
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175:King Baudouin
173:
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137:
134:
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129:
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124:
122:
119:
117:
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112:
109:
107:
106:Belgian Congo
104:
103:
100:
91:
86:
80:
75:
63:
58:
56:
51:
49:
44:
43:
40:
32:
19:
1745:
1734:
1724:
1706:
1682:
1675:Hoskyns 1965
1670:
1663:Hoskyns 1965
1658:
1646:
1629:
1625:
1616:
1609:Makombo 1998
1604:
1592:
1564:
1558:
1531:
1518:
1505:
1401:
1362:in May 1960.
1350:
1338:
1329:Front Commun
1328:
1325:
1279:
1270:
1259:
1228:Albert Lilar
1216:
1204:
1171:
1156:
1141:
1126:
1104:
1085:
1055:
1054:
1033:
1026:
1025:
1002:
997:
996:
982:Victor Kande
945:JĂ©rĂ´me Anany
937:
930:
929:
900:
893:
892:
844:
839:
838:
824:
819:
818:
794:
787:
786:
758:
753:
752:
729:
722:
721:
693:Jason Sendwe
685:
678:
677:
660:
655:
654:
640:
633:
632:
617:Daniel Kanza
605:
598:
597:
577:
575:
567:
559:
488:
479:independence
450:
448:
421:
414:
317:Congo Crisis
212:Daniel Kanza
195:
194:
164:
111:World War II
95:Independence
1386:Table Ronde
1097:LĂ©on Engulu
1070:Advisers -
1017:Advisers -
987:Advisers -
948: [
874:Advisers -
856:Joseph Iléo
744:Advisers -
703:Advisers -
699:RĂ©my Mwamba
624:Advisors -
423:Table Ronde
247:Joseph Iléo
1767:Categories
1698:References
1118:, Katomba
1072:A. Rubbens
989:H. Simonet
964:Paul Bolya
485:Background
237:Paul Bolya
196:Congolese:
1413:Citations
1196:G. Mineur
1193:J. Maisin
686:BALUBAKAT
165:Belgians:
1755:44826456
1716:20742268
1374:See also
1188:Advisers
1019:F. PĂ©rin
730:ASSORECO
705:A. Doucy
463:Brussels
297:ASSORECO
1347:Results
1322:Prelude
1244: ;
795:CONAKAT
282:CONAKAT
262:Parties
156:Figures
1753:
1714:
1303:Urundi
1284:Ruanda
984:, Ekwe
491:French
467:French
455:French
410:Évolué
1751:JSTOR
1393:Notes
1201:Other
952:]
901:MNC-L
845:MNC-K
759:CEREA
641:ABAZI
606:ABAKO
302:UGECO
292:ABAZI
272:ABAKO
1712:OCLC
1690:1995
1587:2006
1526:2006
1513:2007
1500:2007
1484:2008
1466:1993
1432:2004
1240:and
531:The
525:and
449:The
1634:doi
1034:PSA
938:PNP
825:FGC
661:ARP
287:PSA
277:MNC
1769::
1630:58
1628:.
1624:.
1574:^
1543:^
1489:^
1471:^
1452:^
1437:^
1421:^
1343:.
1036:)
1005:)
1003:PP
958:,
950:fr
940:)
910:,
903:)
854:,
847:)
827:)
804:,
797:)
761:)
732:)
688:)
663:)
643:)
615:,
608:)
509:,
493::
469::
457::
1757:.
1718:.
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1636::
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1032:(
1001:(
936:(
899:(
843:(
823:(
793:(
772:)
757:(
728:(
684:(
659:(
639:(
604:(
542:.
453:(
61:e
54:t
47:v
20:)
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