Canadian Confederation

1271:. By the election of the president by a majority and for a short period, he never is the sovereign and chief of the nation. He is never looked up to by the whole people as the head and front of the nation. He is, at best, but the successful leader of a party. This defect is all the greater on account of the practice of reelection. During his first term of office, he is employed in taking steps to secure his own reelection and, for his party, a continuance of power. We avoid this by adhering to the monarchical principle—the sovereign, whom you respect and love. I believe that it is of the utmost importance to have that principle recognized so that we shall have a sovereign who is placed above the region of party—to whom all parties look up; who is not elevated by the action of one party nor depressed by the action of another; who is the common head and sovereign of all. 891: 400: 1012: 1577:. The order-in-council incorporated the Terms of Union negotiated by the governments of Canada and British Columbia, including a commitment by the federal government to build a railway connecting British Columbia to the railway system of Canada within 10 years of union. Prince Edward Island (PEI) joined July 1, 1873, also by an Imperial order-in-council. One reason for joining was financial: PEI's economy was performing poorly and union would bring monetary benefits that would assist the province in avoiding bankruptcy. One of the Prince Edward Island Terms of Union was a guarantee by the federal government to operate a 933:

tax-averse colony that rejected it. Smith argued Confederation was supported by many colonists who were sympathetic to a relatively interventionist, or statist, approach to capitalist development. Most classical liberals, who believed in free trade and low taxes, opposed Confederation because they feared it would result in Big Government. The struggle over Confederation involved a battle between a staunch individualist economic philosophy and a comparatively collectivist view of the state's proper role in the economy. According to Smith, the victory of the

100: 1428:) on March 29, 1867, followed by a royal proclamation stating, "we do ordain, declare, and command that, on and after the first day of July, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, the provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick shall form and be One Dominion, under the name of Canada." The act replaced the Act of Union 1840, which had unified Upper Canada and Lower Canada into the united Province of Canada; separate provinces were established under their current names of Ontario and Quebec, respectively. July 1 is now celebrated as 1413: 8077: 8037: 7530: 225: 1556:, provided for "continuance of existing laws" from the three colonies of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick until new laws could be established in the Dominion. Thus, the "Dominion's financial systems, structures and actors were able to operate under the provisions of the old Province of Canada Acts" following confederation, and many institutions and organizations were continued and assumed "the same responsibilities for the new federal government that it had held as a provincial organization". 1513:. The act also details how power is distributed in both the provincial and federal jurisdictions. Two of the most important sections are 91 and 92. Section 91 gives Parliament jurisdiction over banking, interest rates, criminal law, the postal system, and the armed forces. Section 92 gives the provinces jurisdiction over property, contracts and torts, local works, and general business. Still, federal and provincial law may occasionally interfere with each other, in which case federal law prevails. 615: 451: 8089: 8024: 7542: 1197: 780: 1287: 1124: 2471:, a member of the Anti-Confederation group in the Legislative Assembly of Nova Scotia, travel separately to London to express dissatisfaction with the Confederation proposal; they each meet with Cardwell, the Colonial Secretary; Cardwell advises them that the British government strongly favours Confederation along the lines of the Quebec Resolutions, and will do everything in its power to achieve Confederation 8065: 38: 1478:

between its separate signature of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919 and the Statute of Westminster, 1931", which gave the country nearly full independence. It was only because the federal and provincial governments were unable to agree on a formula for amending the constitution that the power to do so remained with the British Parliament. Once that issue was resolved, the constitution was

827:) in 1860, however, helped lead to the unification of the colonies by confirming a common bond between their inhabitants; indeed, the monarchy played a "pivotal legal and symbolic role in cementing the new Canadian union". Further, by 1864, it was clear that continued governance of the Province of Canada under the terms of the 1840 Act of Union had become impracticable. Therefore, a 854:(a free trade policy, starting in 1854, whereby products were allowed into the United States without taxes or tariffs, which was then considered to be beneficial for Canada) was cancelled by the United States in 1865, partly as revenge against Britain for unofficial support of the south in the American Civil War. Additionally, the U.S. doctrine of " 1522: 1217:. For the Reformers of Canada West, led by George Brown, the end of what they perceived as French-Canadian interference in local affairs was in sight. For Maritimers such as Tupper of Nova Scotia or Tilley of New Brunswick, horizons were suddenly broadened to take in much larger possibilities for trade and growth. 748:. Edward replied, "nothing can be better arranged than the whole thing is, or more perfectly", going on to suggest a unified Canada consisting of two provinces—one formed from Upper and Lower Canada and the other from the Maritime colonies—each with a lieutenant governor and executive council, one located in 1552:, there had been some concern regarding a potential "legislative vacuum" that would occur over the 15-month period between the prorogation of the Province of Canada's final Parliament in August 1866 and the opening of the now Dominion of Canada's first Parliament in November 1867. To prevent this, the 2654:

The New Brunswick Legislative Assembly passes a Resolution to appoint delegates for the London Conference to discuss the union of the colonies, under the auspices of the Imperial government, "upon such terms as will secure the just rights and interests of New Brunswick", including a guarantee for the

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Meeting of delegates from Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island; no real discussion of Maritime union; Province of Canada proposal for a union of the British North American provinces gains general support; Conference delegates agree to continue discussions at Quebec;

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argued Canadian Confederation was motivated by the ideology of liberalism and the belief in the supremacy of individual rights. McKay described Confederation as part of the classical liberal project of creating a "liberal order" in northern North America. Many Canadian historians have adopted McKay's

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describes the political process that united the colonies in 1867, events related to that process, and the subsequent incorporation of other colonies and territories. The word is now often used to describe Canada in an abstract way, such as in "the Fathers of Confederation"; provinces that became part

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Premier Tupper introduces resolution stating that Confederation is desirable, and therefore the Assembly authorises the lieutenant governor "to appoint delegates to arrange with the Imperial Government a scheme of union which will effectually ensure just provision for the rights and interest of this

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On the issue of the Senate, the Maritime Provinces pressed for as much equality as possible. With the addition of Newfoundland to the Conference, the three Maritime colonies did not wish to see the strength of their provinces in the upper chamber diluted by simply adding Newfoundland to the Atlantic

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to invite delegates from the three Maritime provinces and Newfoundland to a conference with United Canada delegates. At the opening of the conference, a total of 33 delegates were included from the British North American Colonies, including Newfoundland, which had not participated in prior meetings.

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In 2008, historian Andrew Smith advanced a very different view of Confederation's ideological origins. He argues that in the four original Canadian provinces, the politics of taxation were a central issue in the debate about Confederation. Taxation was also central to the debate in Newfoundland, the

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in 1876, which, in amended form, continues to govern Indigenous peoples. Confederation created conditions of colonialism, including resource grabbing, broken treaties, forced assimilation, patriarchy, and intergenerational trauma inflicted by the hegemony of the Canadian state on Indigenous nations

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The delegates from the Quebec conference considered if the resolutions would be better suited for acceptance if a popular vote were held on them. However, due to the divide amongst religious groups and general mistrust between areas in Canada, they believed that such a vote would be defeated. Thus,

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No minutes from the Charlottetown Conference survive, but it is known Cartier and Macdonald presented arguments in favour of a union of the three colonies, Alexander Tilloch Galt presented the Province of Canada's proposals on the financial arrangements of such a union, and George Brown presented a

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was carved from the Northwest Territories on April 1, 1999. The Yukon territory was formed during the Klondike gold rush. People from all around Canada and the United States flocked to the area due to rumours of an easy way to get rich. The Canadian government sought to regulate this migration and

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Internally, there was political deadlock resulting from the contemporary governmental structure in the Province of Canada and distrust between English Protestants and French Catholics. Further, demographic pressure from an expanding population and economic nationalism wanting economic development

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Indigenous communities were ignored in the process of Canadian confederation. As a result of Confederation, the Parliament and government of Canada assumed the responsibilities of their British counterparts in treaty dealings with the First Nations. The federal Parliament subsequently passed the

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The Anti-Confederation Party won 18 out of 19 federal Nova Scotia seats in September 1867, and in the Nova Scotia provincial election of 1868, 36 out of 38 seats in the legislature. For seven years, William Annand and Joseph Howe led the ultimately unsuccessful fight to convince British imperial

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By September 7, 1864, the delegates from Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island gave a positive answer to the Canadian delegation, expressing the view the federation of all of the provinces was considered desirable if the terms of union could be made satisfactory and the question of

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began on September 1, 1864. Since the agenda for the meeting had already been set, the delegation from the Province of Canada was initially not an official part of the Conference. The issue of Maritime Union was deferred and the Canadians were formally allowed to join and address the Conference.

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The government of the Province of Canada surprised the Maritime governments by asking if the Province of Canada could be included in the negotiations. The request was channelled through the Governor-General, Monck, to London and accepted by the Colonial Office. After several years of legislative

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remained Canada's highest court of appeal, and the constitution could be amended only in Britain. Gradually, Canada gained more autonomy; defence of British North America became a Canadian responsibility. According to the Supreme Court of Canada, Canadian "sovereignty was acquired in the period

579:. The British created the separate province of New Brunswick in 1784 for the Loyalists who settled in the western part of Nova Scotia. While Nova Scotia (including New Brunswick) received slightly more than half of this influx, many Loyalists also settled in the Province of Quebec, which by the 1307:

Following the Quebec Conference, the Province of Canada's legislature passed a bill approving the union. The union proved more controversial in the Maritime provinces, however, and it was not until 1866 that New Brunswick and Nova Scotia passed union resolutions, while Prince Edward Island and

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One of the most important purposes of the Charlottetown Conference was the introduction of Canadians to the leaders from the Maritime Provinces and vice versa. At this point, there was no railway link from Quebec City to Halifax, and the people of each region had little to do with one another.

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Reaction to the Charlottetown Conference varied among the different newspapers. In the Maritimes, there was concern that the smooth Canadians with their sparkling champagne and charming speeches were outsmarting the delegates of the smaller provinces. "From all accounts it looks as if these

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and proponents of a new pro-capitalist ideology of the Court Party, which believed in centralizing political power. In British North America in the late 1860s, the Court Party tradition was represented by the supporters of Confederation, whereas the anti-capitalist and agrarian Country Party

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The delegates from the Maritimes also raised an issue with respect to the level of government—federal or provincial—that would be given the powers not otherwise specifically defined. Macdonald, who was aiming for the strongest central government possible, insisted this was to be the central

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George Brown was the first, in December 1864, to carry the constitutional proposals to the British government in London, where Brown received "a most gracious answer to our constitutional scheme". He also met with William Gladstone—who was then Chancellor of the Exchequer and, later, Prime

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Confederation is regarded as the creation of a kingdom in its own right and to have "successfully reconciled the physical absence of a geographically distant monarch with a continuing and pervasive presence through the medium of formal representatives and the manner and forms of legal and

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Group of Confederate soldiers travel to Canada and conduct a cross-border raid to St. Albans, Vermont; captured by Canadian authorities; judge in Montreal rejects extradition application and releases them; episode creates considerable tension with the United States government

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The Crown acquired Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory from the Hudson's Bay Company in 1869 (though final payment to the Hudson's Bay Company did not occur until 1870), and then transferred jurisdiction to the Dominion on July 15, 1870, merging them and naming them

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as its chairman, but it was dominated by Macdonald. Despite differences in the positions of some of the delegates on some issues, the Quebec Conference, following so swiftly on the success of the Charlottetown Conference, was infused with a determinative sense of purpose and

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of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. She argues their intellectual debts to Locke are most evident when one looks at the 1865 debates in the Province of Canada's legislature on whether or not union with the other British North American colonies would be desirable.

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to appoint delegates to a conference of the three Maritime provinces to consider the possibility of Maritime union; no further action to be taken until report of the Conference be laid before the Prince Edward Island Legislative Assembly; resolution passes on party lines

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In 1987, political scientist Peter J. Smith challenged the view Canadian Confederation was non-ideological. Smith argued Confederation was motivated by new political ideologies as much as the American and French Revolutions and Canadian Confederation was driven by a

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George Brown remarked in a letter to his wife Anne that at a party given by the premier of PEI, Colonel John Hamilton Gray, he met a woman who had never been off the island in her entire life. Nevertheless, he found Prince Edward Islanders to be "amazingly civilized".

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At meetings held at the Westminster Palace Hotel, the delegates reviewed and approved the 72 resolutions; although Charles Tupper had promised anti-union forces in Nova Scotia he would push for amendments, he was unsuccessful in getting any passed. Now known as the

2130:, presents committee report addressing flaws in the constitutional system of the Province of Canada; report favours a federal system of government, either for the two sections of the Province of Canada alone, or for a union of the British North American provinces 835:, formed in order to reform the political system. Queen Victoria remarked on "the impossibility of our being able to hold Canada; but, we must struggle for it; and by far the best solution would be to let it go as an independent kingdom under an English prince." 1235:

Prince Edward Island emerged disappointed from the Quebec Conference. It did not receive support for a guarantee of six members in the proposed House of Commons, and was denied an appropriation of $ 200,000 it felt had been offered at Charlottetown to assist in

964:. She argued that the union of the British North American colonies was motivated by a desire to protect individual rights, especially the rights to life, liberty, and property. She contends the Fathers of Confederation were motivated by the values of the 2085:

to appoint delegates to a conference of the three Maritime provinces to consider the possibility of Maritime union; union only to occur if approved by statutes passed by each of the three provinces and the Queen; resolution passes with all-party support

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was established by an act of the Canadian Parliament on July 15, 1870, originally as an area of land much smaller than the current province. British Columbia joined Canada July 20, 1871, by an Imperial order-in-council enacted under the authority of the

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Delegates from Province of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick meet in London to review and revise the Quebec Resolutions; revisions include guarantee of the inter-colonial railway and strengthening provisions for denominational and separate schools

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There is extensive scholarly debate on the role of political ideas in Canadian Confederation. Traditionally, historians regarded Canadian Confederation an exercise in political pragmatism that was essentially non-ideological. In the 1960s, historian

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The original Fathers of Confederation are those delegates who attended any of the conferences held at Charlottetown and Quebec in 1864 or in London, United Kingdom, in 1866, leading to Confederation. There were 36 original Fathers of Confederation;

1364:. There was, however, heated debate about how the new country should be designated. Ultimately, the delegates elected to call the new country the Dominion of Canada, after "kingdom" and "confederation", among other options, were rejected. The term 360:

arose in the Province of Canada to refer to proposals beginning in the 1850s to federate all of the British North American colonies, as opposed to only Canada West (now Ontario) and Canada East (now Quebec). To contemporaries of Confederation, the

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from Canada East (led by Cartier); and Liberal-Conservatives from Canada East (led by Galt); Coalition agrees to pursue union of eastern British North American provinces; failing that, will seek a federal constitution for the Province of Canada

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As the 20th century progressed, attention to the conditions of Indigenous peoples in Canada increased, which included the granting of full voting rights in 1960. Treaty rights were enshrined in the Canadian constitution in 1982 and, in

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granted ministerial responsibility in 1848, first to Nova Scotia and then to Canada. In the following years, the British would extend responsible government to Prince Edward Island (1851), New Brunswick (1854), and Newfoundland (1855).

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Minister—"who agreed in almost everything". In April 1865, Brown, Macdonald, Cartier and Galt met with the government and found "the project of a federal union of the colonies was highly approved of by the imperial authorities".

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paralysis in the Province of Canada caused by the need to maintain a double legislative majority (a majority of both the Canada East and Canada West delegates in the Province of Canada's legislature), Macdonald had led his

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category. It was the matter of the Senate that threatened to derail the entire proceedings. It was Macdonald who came up with the acceptable compromise of giving Newfoundland four senators of its own when it joined.

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conventional rules and behaviour associated with British parliamentary and monarchical governance". Macdonald had spoken of "founding a great British monarchy" and wanted the newly created country to be called the

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Governor General Monck appoints Macdonald as first prime minister of Canada; Macdonald then sets up the first federal government, appointing the federal Cabinet and the lieutenant governors of the four provinces.

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derided the references to political philosophers in the legislative debates on Confederation as "hot air". In Waite's view, Confederation was driven by pragmatic brokerage politics and competing interest groups.

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has entered into Canadian parlance both as a metaphor for the country and for the historical events that created it. It has therefore become one of the most common names for Canadian landmarks. Examples include

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to seek constitutional changes; Macdonald responds; Brown favours federal constitution for Province of Canada; Macdonald, Cartier and Galt propose seeking union of all eastern British North American provinces

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authorities to release Nova Scotia from Confederation. The government was vocally against Confederation, contending it was no more than the annexation of the province to the pre-existing province of Canada.

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Lieutenant Governor Williams summons Annand, leader of the Anti-Confederates in the Assembly, and suggests that Annand propose a new conference, in London, under the supervision of the Imperial government

1859:–controlled Rupert's Land and North-Western Territory were transferred to the Dominion of Canada. Most of these lands were formed into a new territory named North-West Territories, but the region around 815:

travelled to the United Kingdom to present the British Parliament with a project for confederation of the British colonies. The proposal was received by the London authorities with polite indifference.

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Letter addressed to the Earl of Carnarvon by Mr. Joseph Howe, Mr. William Annand, and Mr. Hugh McDonald, stating their objections to the proposed scheme of union of the British North American provinces

1629:, except that provinces always precede territories. For provinces that entered on the same date, the order of precedence is based on the provinces' populations at the time they entered Confederation. 2604:

Premier Smith and his government resign as a result of Lieutenant Governor Gordon accepting the resolution of the Legislative Council, approving of Confederation; Lieutenant Governor Gordon appoints

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Lieutenant Governor Gordon dissolves the Assembly on advice of the new government; Pro-Confederation group wins elections, with majority of 33 seats compared to 8 seats for Anti-Confederation group

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and Ambrose Shea, had both been delegates to Quebec and support Confederation; Carter wins the election, but overall, the majority of the members of the Assembly do not support Confederation

1323:, as well as holding court for their wives and daughters. To the Nova Scotian delegates, the Queen said, "I take the deepest interest in , for I believe it will make great and prosperous." 2723:

Committee of the delegates begin the drafting process to implement the London Resolutions; extensive consultations with Lord Carnarvon and British drafter; bill goes through several drafts

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eventually resulted in Canada having more autonomy than it had before, the country was still far from fully independent of the United Kingdom. Foreign policy remained in British hands, the

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was one of the few Canadian delegates who had been to the Maritimes, when he had gone down earlier that summer with a trade mission of Canadian businessmen, journalists and politicians.

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were established September 1, 1905, by acts of the Canadian Parliament. Newfoundland joined on March 31, 1949, by an act of the Imperial Parliament, also with a ferry link guaranteed.

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Journal of the House of Assembly of the Province of New Brunswick, for the second session of the Twentieth General Assembly, and the First Session of the Twenty-First General Assembly

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Report of resolutions adopted at a conference of delegates from the provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick, and the colonies of Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island ...

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in the House of Lords; Lord Monck speaks in support; Cardwell, now in opposition, speaks in support in the Commons; bill proceeds through the Lords and the Commons without incident

1248:"Never was there such an opportunity as now for the birth of a nation" proclaimed a pamphlet written by S. E. Dawson and reprinted in a Quebec City newspaper during the Conference. 1070:

a bicameral system including a Lower House with representation by population (rep by pop) and an Upper House with representation based on regional, rather than provincial, equality

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of March 30, 1867, which had been supported in the U.S. Senate (by Charles Sumner, among others) precisely in terms of taking the remainder of North America from the British. The

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had also horrified Canadians and turned many from the thought of republicanism. In Britain, political pressure came from financiers who had lost money by investing in the failed

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Macdonald, Cartier, Galt and Brown travel to Britain to discuss defence of the Province of Canada, now that the US Civil Was is over; no firm commitment from British government

423:, who was instrumental both in bringing democracy to British Columbia and in bringing the province into Confederation, is considered to be a Father of Confederation. As well, 325:, did not join Confederation until 1873. Over the years since Confederation, Canada has seen numerous territorial changes and expansions, resulting in the current number of 2218:

sends letters to the Maritime lieutenant governors, requesting that the Province of Canada be permitted to send a delegation to the upcoming conference on Maritime union

1537:, and the four new provinces' governments recommended the 72 individuals (24 each for Quebec and Ontario, 12 each for New Brunswick and Nova Scotia) who would sit in the 7094: 2906: 7237: 7184: 7179: 7174: 7169: 7164: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7104: 7099: 7089: 7084: 7079: 7074: 7069: 7064: 7059: 7396: 7054: 7049: 7044: 7039: 7034: 7029: 7024: 7019: 7014: 6875: 6855: 1097:

the building of an intercolonial railway to link Montreal and Halifax, giving Canada access to an ice-free winter port and the Maritimes easy access to Canada and

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was chosen, instead, to indicate Canada's status as a self-governing polity of the British Empire, the first time it was used in reference to a country. When the

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Macdonald, Cartier and Galt, who signed the visitor book in 1866. After suggestions of 'Franklin' and 'Guelfenland', they agreed the new country should be called

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Premier Pope states in the Legislative Assembly that any Confederation plan would be put to the voters, and that his government does not support Confederation

529:, which had been part of Acadia, was renamed "St John's Island" and organized as a separate colony. It was renamed "Prince Edward Island" in 1798 in honour of 59: 5106: 1263:

On the form of the proposed system of governance for Canada, the Fathers of Confederation were influenced by the American republic. Macdonald said in 1865:

7856: 2145:; stark illustration of the political instability of the Province of Canada; second government to fall in 1864, after only two and a half months in office 2097: 1001: 1613:

and North-West Territories, now Yukon and Northwest Territories), and two extensions each to Quebec, Ontario, and Manitoba. Later, the third territory of

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ideology. Smith traces the origins of this ideology to eighteenth and nineteenth-century Britain, where political life was polarized between defenders of

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gentlemen had it all their own way; ... and that, what with their arguments and what with their blandishments, (they gave a champagne lunch on board the

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Premier Hoyles proposes to the Legislative Assembly that no decision be taken on the Quebec Resolutions until after the upcoming Newfoundland election

1466:, the Queen said to Macdonald, "I am very glad to see you on this mission It is a very important measure and you have all exhibited so much loyalty." 2997: 2426:

Considerable opposition to Confederation in Nova Scotia; Premier Tupper introduces motion for re-consideration of Maritime union as a stopgap measure

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in the order in which they entered Confederation; territories are italicized. At formal events, representatives of the provinces and territories take

7699: 1048:. Macdonald, Cartier, and Brown felt union with the other British colonies might be a way to solve the political problems of the Province of Canada. 6581: 6621: 6561:

Parliamentary debates on the subject of the Confederation of the British North American provinces, 3rd session, 8th provincial Parliament of Canada

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Parliamentary debates on the subject of the confederation of the British North American provinces, 3rd session, 8th Provincial Parliament of Canada

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Mckay, I. 2000. "The Liberal Order Framework: A Prospectus for a Reconnaissance of Canadian History". CANADIAN HISTORICAL REVIEW. 81: 617–645.

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Buckner, Phillip. " 'British North America and a Continent in Dissolution' The American Civil War in the Making of Canadian Confederation."

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Smith, Andrew. 2008. "Toryism, Classical Liberalism, and Capitalism: The Politics of Taxation and the Struggle for Canadian Confederation".

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Smith, Andrew. "Toryism, Classical Liberalism, and Capitalism: The Politics of Taxation and the Struggle for Canadian Confederation."

4362: 46: 7704: 7668: 7626: 7621: 6804: 6799: 6641: 858:" raised fears of another American invasion (Canadians had fended off American incursions during the Revolutionary War, War of 1812, 462: 1976:

in which the Crown is constitutionally charged with providing certain guarantees to the First Nations. Recognizing the principle of

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Smith, Peter J. 1987. "The Ideological Origins of Canadian Confederation". Canadian Journal of Political Science . 20, no. 1: 3–29.

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Monck sends a telegram to Lieutenant Governor Williams, suggesting that Williams make overtures to leader of the Anti-Confederates

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proposal for what form a united government might take. The Canadian delegation's proposal for the governmental system involved:

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William Miller, a leading Anti-Confederate in the Nova Scotia Assembly, proposes that there be another conference, in London

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In first session after the 1865 election, the Newfoundland Legislative Assembly votes to delay any decision on Confederation

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butted against a lack of an inter-colonial railroad, which hampered trade, military movement, and transportation in general.

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Journal of the House of Assembly of the Province of New Brunswick, from the sixteenth February to the thirteenth April, 1864

317:, which had been split out from the Province of Canada, and the provinces of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. The province of 8144: 7976: 7940: 7820: 7815: 7738: 7646: 7426: 6614: 2693: 2491: 2024: 1391: 1312: 1311:

In December 1866, sixteen delegates from the Province of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia travelled to London, where

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where Mr. McGee's wit sparkled brightly as the wine), they carried the Lower Province delegates a little off their feet."

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of Nova Scotia was short-lived, for political reasons, the conflicting imperial interests of France and the 18th century

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Baker, Ron; Rennie, Morina (2012). "An institutional perspective on the development of Canada's first public accounts".

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Legislative Assembly of Province of Canada passes resolutions setting out proposed constitutions for Ontario and Quebec

1609:. From this vast swath of territory were created three provinces (Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta) and two territories ( 6227: 2123: 1933: 1622: 1041: 522: 3522: 2810:

as first post-Confederation premier of Nova Scotia, after Premier Tupper resigns to stand for election to the federal

1980:, a process of land claims settlements is ongoing. Created to resolve the effects of the residential school system, a 8154: 7950: 7716: 7641: 7636: 7566: 7280: 6822: 2876: 2215: 1736: 1268: 1181: 761: 5215:

Hall, Anthony J., "Native Peoples > Native Peoples, General > Indian Treaties", in Marsh, James Harley (ed.),

945:'s government to enact the protectionist National Policy and to subsidize major infrastructure projects such as the 8008: 7993: 7895: 7721: 7674: 7611: 6666: 6454: 1340: 1299: 627: 440: 184: 8179: 8109: 7945: 7840: 7765: 7546: 7365: 6687: 6607: 2901: 2101: 812: 199: 83: 6337:

Knox, Bruce A. "Conservative Imperialism 1858–1874: Bulwer Lytton, Lord Carnarvon, and Canadian Confederation."

2456:, sends a dispatch to the three Maritime provinces, urging them to accept Confederation to aid imperial defence 2352:

Pro-Confederation government of Premier Tilley defeated by Anti-Confederation group; Anti-Confederation leader,

2285:, delegate to both the conferences, challenges the proposals; Premier Gray, who supports Confederation, resigns 8149: 8139: 2864: 2828: 2191: 2187: 1375:

by February 1867. The act was presented to Queen Victoria on February 11, 1867. The bill was introduced in the

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Several factors influenced Confederation, caused both by internal sources and pressures from external sources.

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Debate on the union of the provinces, in the House of Assembly of Nova Scotia, March 16th, 18th and 19th, 1867

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The Conference began on October 10, 1864, on the site of present-day Montmorency Park. The Conference elected

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means in contemporary political theory. The country, though, is often considered to be among the world's more

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Lengthy debates begin in the Parliament of the Province of Canada on the merits of the Confederation project

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The life and times of Confederation, 1864–1867: politics, newspapers, and the union of British North America

6267:

The life and times of Confederation, 1864–1867: politics, newspapers, and the union of British North America

5202: 2692:

Delegates unanimously approve modified resolutions; Macdonald transmits them to the new Colonial Secretary,

501:

led to a long and bitter struggle for control. The British acquired present-day mainland Nova Scotia by the

7900: 7602: 7461: 7275: 2872: 1626: 998: 537: 412:, who was the recording secretary at the Charlottetown Conference, is considered by some to be among them. 4602: 1497:

is made up of a number of codified acts and uncodified conventions; one of the principal documents is the

768:; the Prince's comments and critiques were later cited by both the Earl of Durham and participants of the 8003: 7910: 7867: 7795: 7415: 6937: 6682: 4999: 3138:

Harrison, Robert Alexander; Oliver, Peter; Osgoode Society for Canadian Legal History (October 1, 2003).

2891: 2605: 1379:

the next day. The bill was quickly approved by the House of Lords, and then also quickly approved by the

721:

The idea of joining the various colonies in North America was being floated as early as 1814. That year,

686:(formed in 1858, in an area where the Crown had granted a monopoly to the Hudson's Bay Company), and the 2619:

Nova Scotia Assembly passes Tupper's resolution proposing a conference in London, by a vote of 31 to 19

8055: 8027: 7760: 7733: 7689: 6972: 6916: 6692: 5243: 2811: 1407: 1232:" which would form the basis of a scheduled future conference. The Conference adjourned on October 27. 1209: 1077: 1029: 710: 687: 171: 4418: 4176: 513:. The rest of New France was acquired by the British as the result of its defeat of New France in the 415:

The individuals who brought the other provinces into Confederation after 1867 are also referred to as

8174: 7770: 7334: 7317: 6766: 2824: 2674: 2581:

The Legislative Council of New Brunswick votes in favour of Confederation and the Quebec Resolutions

1892: 1797: 1281: 1113: 1108:

After the Conference adjourned on September 9, there were further meetings between delegates held at

1011: 553: 506: 125: 6308: 5216: 5081:"Confederation comes at a cost: Indigenous peoples and the ongoing reality of colonialism in Canada" 4389: 2281:

Prince Edward Island cabinet splits over the Quebec Resolutions and Confederation; Attorney General

2164: 808: 783: 294: 8124: 8119: 8114: 7998: 7880: 7810: 6771: 6749: 6374:

British Businessmen and Canadian Confederation Constitution-Making in an Era of Anglo-Globalization

5401: 5003: 3633:

British Businessmen and Canadian Confederation Constitution-Making in an Era of Anglo-Globalization

2846: 2226: 2036: 1802: 1526: 1380: 1349: 1237: 1052: 1016: 978: 950: 769: 498: 428: 394: 322: 166: 143: 115: 6586: 5955: 5941: 5901: 5861: 5429: 5374: 5347: 5297: 4540: 2630:

Further debate in the Prince Edward Island Legislative Assembly; clear rejection of Confederation

894:

Map of the Eastern British Provinces in North America at the time of Canadian Confederation, 1867.

8129: 7845: 7597: 7499: 7441: 7329: 6754: 6702: 6651: 5834: 5182: 5171: 3498: 1856: 1384: 1229: 1201: 1171: 1120:. These meetings evinced enough interest that the delegates decided to hold a second Conference. 917: 913: 773: 706: 702: 667: 580: 120: 51: 6576: 5431:

Journals of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from February 19 to June 30, 1864

4240: 3966: 3032: 1251:

Again, reaction to the Quebec Conference varied depending on the political views of the critic.

796: 365:

prefix indicated a strengthening of the centrist principle compared to the American federation.

7935: 7890: 7825: 7504: 7456: 7290: 6992: 6781: 6630: 6435:

Bailey, Alfred G. "The basis and persistence of opposition to confederation in New Brunswick."

4868: 3607: 3601: 2044: 1598: 1509: 1499: 1494: 1138: 804: 675: 639: 572: 518: 6245: 6196: 6166: 6074: 5580: 4972:

Dahl, Jens; Hicks, Jack; Jull, Peter; International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs (2000).

4855: 4827: 4763: 4648: 4631: 4587: 4514: 4323: 4266: 3460: 3417: 3336: 3309: 3195: 2795:

Premier Mitchell continues in office as the first post-Confederation premier of New Brunswick

2494:, former premier, delegate to Quebec, and strong supporter of Confederation, wins by-election 2256:, which outline a detailed proposal for Confederation of the British North American provinces 1940:, Confederation Bridge, and so on. This is similar to the American practices of naming things 1338:

After breaking for Christmas, the delegates reconvened in January 1867 and began drafting the

646:, and the Province of Canada was formed in 1841. The new province was divided into two parts: 7905: 6123: 6095: 5957:

Journals of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from June 8 to August 15, 1866

5903:

Journal and proceedings of the House of Assembly of the province of Nova Scotia, Session 1866

5863:

Journal and proceedings of the House of Assembly of the province of Nova Scotia, Session 1866

5664: 5624: 5404:

Journal and proceedings of the House of Assembly of the province of Nova Scotia, Session 1864

5349:

Journal and proceedings of the House of Assembly of the province of Nova Scotia, Session 1864

4973: 4908: 4840: 4712: 4555: 4488: 4293: 3363: 3168: 3085: 2842: 2142: 2032: 1937: 1712: 987: 984: 946: 925: 576: 514: 274: 6318: 6145: 4971: 4946: 4921: 4803: 3652: 3270: 3112: 2487: 1094:

revenues from the central government apportioned to the provinces on the basis of population

7965: 7955: 7755: 7451: 7446: 7386: 6557: 4675: 4366: 2252:

meet in Quebec to discuss the Confederation proposal in more detail; Conference passes the

2052: 1921: 1746: 1582: 1534: 1109: 965: 757: 526: 465:

that became involved in the Canadian Confederation on July 1, 1867, were initially part of

318: 302: 6982: 2415:, leads the Pro-Confederation position; Assembly rejects Confederation by vote of 23 to 5 2341:

states in debates that Confederation would not be rushed through the Legislative Assembly

1452:

as "premature" and "pretentious" and felt it might antagonize the United States. The term

8: 7970: 7920: 7885: 7875: 7800: 7391: 6789: 6591: 3721: 3680: 2312: 2249: 2047:, to consider the possibility of a union of the three Maritime provinces: New Brunswick, 1917: 991: 875: 600: 568: 541: 470: 6559: 3142:

The conventional man: the diaries of Ontario Chief Justice Robert A. Harrison, 1856–1878

3137: 2951: 2925: 2248:

Delegates from Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and

305:

that was then beginning to swell within these provinces and others. Upon Confederation,

7960: 7915: 7830: 7805: 7790: 7471: 7466: 7431: 7300: 6922: 6759: 6677: 6442:

Bailey, Alfred G. "Railways and the Confederation Issue in New Brunswick, 1863–1865."

6236: 6042: 5148: 4744: 4393: 3140: 2353: 2253: 2118: 1320: 1175: 871: 635: 623: 278: 194: 99: 5295: 4417:. Heritage Resources of Saint John and New Brunswick Community College. Archived from 3692: 3415: 1412: 509:

by the British in 1755. They renamed Acadia "Nova Scotia", which included present-day

7930: 7835: 7684: 7656: 7589: 7381: 7344: 6719: 6558:

Canada. Parliament; Lapin, Murray A.; Canada. Archives branch; J. S. Patrick (1865).

6547:

Howe, Joseph; Annand, William; McDonald, Hugh; Great Britain. Foreign Office (1867).

6270: 6251: 6223: 6202: 6172: 6151: 6129: 6101: 6080: 6049: 5152: 4979: 4952: 4807: 4796: 4769: 4748: 4695: 4654: 4561: 4520: 4467: 4329: 4299: 4272: 3611: 3466: 3369: 3342: 3315: 3276: 3201: 3174: 3147: 3118: 3091: 3064: 3057: 2896: 2411:

Premier J.C. Pope leads the Anti-Confederation position in the debates; his brother,

2168: 2160: 2154: 942: 900: 671: 643: 502: 176: 6386:

Smith, Jennifer. "Canadian confederation and the influence of American federalism."

1344:. The 4th Earl of Carnarvon continued to have a central role in drafting the act at 7850: 7710: 7295: 6977: 6942: 6932: 6466:

Buckner, Phillip. "CHR Dialogue: The Maritimes and Confederation: A Reassessment."

5140: 4736: 4687: 4676:"An institutional perspective on the development of Canada's first public accounts" 2506: 2482:

Vacancy in the New Brunswick Assembly forces Anti-Confederation government to call

1977: 1731: 1720: 1704: 1606: 1538: 1487: 1345: 1098: 879: 855: 698: 663: 382: 353: 148: 4798:

The essentials of canadian history: Canada since 1867, the post-confederate nation

2879:(no election in New Brunswick since there had been an election the previous year) 8093: 7376: 7322: 5131:

Preston, Jen (2013). "Neoliberal settler colonialism, Canada and the tar sands".

2807: 2608:, a supporter of Confederation and delegate to the Quebec Conference, as premier 2264: 2180: 1610: 1332: 957: 867: 863: 832: 828: 753: 725: 608: 557: 427:

referred to himself as "the Last Father of Confederation" because he helped lead

189: 6553:. Printed by G.E. Eyre and W. Spottiswoode, for H.M. Stationery Off. p. 36. 3416:

Mercantile Library Association (San Francisco); Whitaker, Alfred Edward (1874).

8069: 7694: 7307: 6546: 5509:

Library and Archives Canada: The Charlottetown Conference, September 1–9, 1864.

4926:. McGill-Queen's Press – MQUP. January 15, 1973. pp. 1–. GGKEY:ND80W0QRBQN 3532:, Some Observations on the Queen, the Crown, the Constitution, and the Courts, 3419:

Catalogue of the library of the Mercantile library association of San Francisco

2746: 2468: 2040: 1376: 1316: 1290: 1087:

Other proposals attractive to the politicians from the Maritime colonies were:

1005: 994: 741: 713:, which were under direct British control and became a part of Canada in 1880. 596: 486: 424: 420: 409: 301:, on July 1, 1867. This process occurred in accordance with the rising tide of 1267:

By adhering to the monarchical principle, we avoid one defect inherent in the

779: 8103: 8081: 8041: 7534: 7436: 7339: 6713: 6523: 5144: 4740: 4699: 4691: 3967:"Canada A Country by Consent: Confederation: Reaction to Conference Proposal" 2230: 2028: 1965: 1685: 1081: 679: 631: 614: 510: 348: 286: 229: 6548: 6537: 5296:

Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada (December 14, 2015).

4633:

Chambers's encyclopaedia: a dictionary of universal knowledge for the people

3569:

Stacey, C.P. (1934), "British Military Policy in the Era of Confederation",

3521:

Newman, Warren J. (2017), Lagassé, Philippe; MacDonald, Nicholas A. (eds.),

682:. Before joining Canada in 1871, British Columbia consisted of the separate 6906: 6402:

Ridgeway: The American Fenian Invasion and the 1866 Battle That Made Canada

6168:

Historical Atlas of Canada: Canada's History Illustrated with Original Maps

2750: 1865: 1774: 1590: 1483: 1433: 1395: 1294: 938: 859: 691: 588: 584: 346:, rather than a confederate association of sovereign states, which is what 204: 3114:

The Canadian Regime: An Introduction to Parliamentary Government in Canada

1723:

and the North-Western Territory except for the part which became Manitoba

929:

liberal order framework as a paradigm for understanding Canadian history.

540:

on that part of the continent that would become modern Canada had been in

6927: 6599: 5836:

Journal of the Legislative Council of the province of New Brunswick, 1866

5080: 2483: 2338: 2048: 1675: 1667: 1654: 1463: 1214: 1190: 1117: 1045: 909: 745: 651: 647: 604: 592: 474: 282: 8088: 6298: 5533:

Library and Archives Canada: The Québec Conference, October 10–27, 1864.

3225: 3223: 3221: 3219: 3217: 2400:

Quebec resolutions approved by Legislative Assembly by vote of 91 to 33

1533:

Dominion elections were held in August and September to elect the first

1180:

After returning home from the Charlottetown Conference, Macdonald asked

7616: 6961: 6697: 4151: 2367:

Quebec Resolutions approved by Legislative Council by vote of 45 to 15

2196: 1954: 1860: 1479: 1429: 1420:

Confederation was accomplished when the Queen gave royal assent to the

1196: 1035: 961: 824: 737: 466: 343: 290: 5544:

Quebec Resolutions, passed by the Quebec Conference, October 27, 1864.

1286: 27:

1867 unification of Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick

7664: 6517:

The Confederation Debates in the Province of Canada, 1865 A Selection

6393:

Smith, Peter J. "The Ideological Origins of Canadian Confederation".

5543: 5325:(Don Mills: Oxford University Press, 1964; re-issue 2012), pp. 16–31. 3734:

The Confederation Debates in the Province of Canada, 1865 A Selection

3214: 2408:

Confederation debates in Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island

1970: 823:

undertaken by Queen Victoria's son, Prince Albert Edward (later King

7558: 4363:"Ceremonial and Canadian Symbols Promotion > The crown in Canada" 2315:, opposed to Confederation, becomes premier of Prince Edward Island 1225:

government, and in this, he was supported by, among others, Tupper.

882:

philosophy fed a desire to withdraw troops from Britain's colonies.

642:. As a result of Durham's report, the British Parliament passed the 321:, which had hosted the first meeting to consider Confederation, the 6195:

Magocsi, Paul R.; Multicultural History Society of Ontario (1999).

1698: 1569: 1454: 1123: 885: 749: 560:

as far back as 1610, and Newfoundland had also been the subject of

6577:

Library and Archives Canada.gov: Canadian Confederation collection

4885:"How Canadians Govern Themselves – Time Travel – Timeline Content" 4647:

Francis, R. D.; Jones, Richard; Smith, Donald B. (February 2009).

3308:

Francis, R. D.; Jones, Richard; Smith, Donald B. (February 2009).

2141:

The same day Brown presents the report, the government falls on a

1863:

was simultaneously established as the province of Manitoba by the

960:

connected Canadian Confederation to the individualist ideology of

799:

proposed a federation in a series of 33 articles published in the

730:

A Plan for the federal Union of British Provinces in North America

6501:

Wilson, George E. "New Brunswick's entrance into confederation."

6367:

The critical years: the union of British North America, 1857–1873

3765:

Liberalism and Hegemony: Debating the Canadian Liberal Revolution

3012: 1813: 1784: 1649: 1614: 1586: 934: 694:

until it was united with the colony of British Columbia in 1866.

549: 482: 310: 3338:

Documents of American Democracy: A Collection of Essential Works

1398:

on March 29, 1867, and set July 1, 1867, as the date for union.

37: 4018:"Quebec 2008 (400th Anniversary website), Government of Canada" 1984:

was struck to identify further measures to improve conditions.

1662: 490: 314: 306: 298: 224: 6665: 6535: 1841:

Later received additional land from the Northwest Territories.

795:, which resulted in the Act of Union 1840. Beginning in 1857, 6315:

The Road to Confederation: The Emergence of Canada, 1863–1867

2601:

Resignation of Anti-Confederation government of New Brunswick

2505:

The leaders of the two parties in the Newfoundland election,

2094:

Prince Edward Island resolution for Maritime union conference

1974:

affiliation between the Canadian Crown and Indigenous peoples

1879: 1760: 1578: 6423:

Thomas D'Arcy McGee: The Extreme Moderate, 1857–1868. Vol. 2

4975:

Nunavut: Inuit regain control of their lands and their lives

4624: 3635:. Montreal, Quebec, Canada: McGill-Queen's University Press. 3059:

Dissolution: sovereignty and the breakup of the Soviet Union

1254: 1162:

they went ahead with the resolutions on their own volition.

6529: 6449:

Bolger, Francis. "Prince Edward Island and Confederation"

6094:

Dorin, Jacques; Kaltemback, Michèle; Rahal, Sheryl (2007).

5584:(Quebec: Hunter Rose, 1875), February 3, 1864, pp. 1, 13 (" 5107:"'A horrible history': Four Indigenous views on Canada 150" 5055:"Six Indigenous scholars share their view of Canada at 150" 4360: 4121: 4119: 3365:

Historical Atlas of Canada: The land transformed, 1800–1891

2907:

List of documents from the constitutional history of Canada

2578:

Legislative Council of New Brunswick supports Confederation

1073:

responsible government at the federal and provincial levels

6346:

Britain and the origins of Canadian confederation, 1837–67

6219:

Britain and the Origins of Canadian Confederation, 1837–67

4131: 3825: 3823: 3197:

The Order of Canada: its origins, history, and development

521:

in 1763. From 1763 to 1791, most of New France became the

6475:

Confederation Defeated: The Newfoundland Election of 1869

5242:. Confederacy of Treaty Six First Nations. Archived from 3387: 3385: 2397:

Conclusion of Confederation Debates in Province of Canada

4116: 3500:"At Home in Canada": Royalty at Canada's Historic Places 3462:

Britain and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History

3240: 3238: 1521: 744:), whom Sewell had befriended when they both resided in 6907:

Amendments and other constitutional documents 1867–1982

4998: 4487:

Forsey, Eugene A.; Hayday, Matthew (November 7, 2019),

3820: 3581: 3452: 3397: 3111:

Malcolmson, Patrick; Myers, Richard (August 15, 2009).

3030: 1091:

assumption of provincial debt by the central government

385:

into pre-Confederation and post-Confederation periods.

7489: 7414: 6587:

McCord Museum: "Confederation: The Creation of Canada"

6247:

The Lord's Dominion: The History of Canadian Methodism

4914: 4390:"The Queen and the Commonwealth > Queen and Canada" 4082: 4080: 4078: 4053: 4051: 3936: 3934: 3909: 3907: 3882: 3880: 3867: 3865: 3852: 3850: 3722:

http://biographi.ca/en/theme_conferences_1864.html?p=3

3681:

http://biographi.ca/en/theme_conferences_1864.html?p=4

3426: 3382: 3355: 3031:

Library and Archives Canada, "How Canada came to be",

2555:

Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia suggests conference

2467:

Anti-Confederation premier Smith of New Brunswick and

2078:

New Brunswick resolution for Maritime union conference

1368:

was allegedly suggested by Sir Samuel Leonard Tilley.

838: 789:

Lord Durham presented his idea of unification in 1839

634:, recommended Upper and Lower Canada be joined as the 8053: 6991: 6780: 4543:. Ottawa: Supreme Court of Canada. 1967. p. 816. 3235: 2994:"Collaborative Federalism in an Era of Globalization" 7194:

Part II – Rights of the Aboriginal peoples of Canada

6496:

The French-Canadian idea of confederation, 1864–1900

6093: 4214:

Rayburn, Alan; Harris, Carolyn (September 8, 2015),

4104: 4092: 4063: 3536:(1), Edmonton: Centre for Constitutional Studies: 59 3459:

Kaufman, Will; Macpherson, Heidi Slettedahl (2005).

3362:

Matthews, Geoffrey J.; Gentilcore, R. Louis (1987).

3289: 3250: 3229: 2991: 2969:(7th ed.). Parliament of Canada. Archived from 2209:

Canadians ask to attend conference on Maritime Union

2062:

Nova Scotia resolution for Maritime union conference

2017:

Lieutenant Governor Gordon encourages Maritime union

6461:

The French Canadians and the birth of Confederation

6369:(McClelland & Stewart, 1964) a standard history 6303:Careless, J.M.C. "George Brown and Confederation", 6222:. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press. 5198:

Her Majesty The Queen in Right of Canada v. Sparrow

4640: 4075: 4048: 4036: 4020:. Quebec400.gc.ca. November 8, 2007. Archived from 3931: 3919: 3904: 3892: 3877: 3862: 3847: 3835: 3796: 3547: 3479: 3301: 1331:, the conference's decisions were forwarded to the 544:which would not join Confederation until 1949. The 6595:"The Charlottetown and Quebec Conferences of 1864" 6416:Canadian Confederation: A Decision-making Analysis 6041: 4795: 3793:. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2007. 3732:See Introduction by Ged Martin in Peter B. Waite, 3361: 3139: 3084:Taylor, Martin Brook; Owram, Doug (May 17, 1994). 3056: 2933: 2780:Macdonald appointed first prime minister of Canada 2245:Quebec Conference, Quebec City, Province of Canada 697:The remainder of modern-day Canada was made up of 6564:. Hunter, Rose & co., parliamentary printers. 4646: 4295:Naming Canada: Stories About Canadian Place Names 4258: 4171: 4169: 3736:(Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2006) 3458: 3422:. Francis & Valentine, printers. p. 106. 3307: 2567:Anti-Confederation proposal for London Conference 2323:Confederation Debates begin in Province of Canada 1618:tax gold findings, whether American or Canadian. 1067:residual jurisdiction left to a central authority 921:tradition was embodied by the Anti-Confederates. 8101: 7210:Part III – Equalization and regional disparities 7002:Part I – Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms 5205: (Supreme Court of Canada May 31, 1990). 5029:"Indigenous Policy and Silence at Confederation" 3808: 3791:The Canadian Founding: John Locke and Parliament 3446:Journal of the House of Assembly of Upper Canada 2663:Last session of Parliament of Province of Canada 1008:which would join their three colonies together. 886:Ideological origins and philosophical dimensions 381:Confederation). The term is also used to divide 6325:John A. Macdonald: The Young Politician. Vol. 1 5298:"Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada" 5172:Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, s. 25. 4879: 4877: 4387: 3110: 2375:Confederation discussed in Prince Edward Island 1371:The delegates had completed their draft of the 1308:Newfoundland continued to opt against joining. 1243: 1189:Monck obliged and the Conference went ahead at 6714:Report on the Affairs of British North America 4965: 4674:Baker, Ron; Rennie, Morina D (February 2013). 4557:Reconstructing law and justice in a postcolony 4285: 4166: 3993:"Charlottetown and Québec Conferences of 1864" 3956:, of September 14, 1864, cited in Waite, p. 90 3763:Ducharme, Michel, and Jean-François Constant. 2128:Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada 1969:, the Supreme Court determined there exists a 1228:At the end of the Conference, it adopted the " 792:Report on the Affairs of British North America 603:as the border with the United States from the 7574: 6615: 5302:Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada 4938: 4789: 4787: 4785: 4213: 3767:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2009. 3087:Canadian History: Beginnings to Confederation 1401: 1238:buying out the holdings of absentee landlords 1148: 760:. Edward said he would pass the report on to 489:. This claim overlapped the French claims to 247: 6079:(2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. 5104: 4874: 4768:. Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press. p. 117. 4486: 4415:"Heritage Saint John > Canadian Heraldry" 4365:. Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from 4265:Olson, James Stuart; Shadle, Robert (1996). 3409: 3262: 3200:. University of Toronto Press. p. 168. 3146:. University of Toronto Press. p. 627. 2996:. Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from 2106:Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island 1581:link, a term deleted upon completion of the 1033: 654:(the former Lower Canada). Governor General 6708:Declaration of Independence of Lower Canada 5402:Resolution dated April 18, 1864, quoted in 4802:. Research & Education Assoc. pp. 4755: 4726: 4673: 4298:. University of Toronto Press. p. 18. 4271:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 916. 4268:Historical Dictionary of the British Empire 4264: 3368:. University of Toronto Press. p. 57. 3090:. University of Toronto Press. p. 13. 3083: 2364:Confederation Debates in Province of Canada 1837: 1835: 1833: 972: 766:Secretary of State for War and the Colonies 583:was separated into a predominantly English 388: 373:of Canada after 1867 are also said to have 7581: 7567: 6667:Pre-Confederation constitutional documents 6629: 6622: 6608: 6414:White, Walter Leroy, and W. C. Soderlund. 6188:The Life and Speeches of Hon. George Brown 6040:Bousfield, Arthur; Toffoli, Garry (1991). 5267:"The Ontario no G20 or G8 leader will see" 4951:. McGill-Queen's Press – MQUP. p. 6. 4782: 4472:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4328:. Random House Digital, Inc. p. 159. 4241:"Community Category: Highclere and Canada" 3593: 3173:. S&S Learning Materials. p. 44. 3117:. University of Toronto Press. p. 7. 2627:Prince Edward Island rejects Confederation 2589:Nova Scotia proposal for London Conference 2423:Maritime union raised again in Nova Scotia 2138:Government of the Province of Canada falls 1416:The proclamation of Canadian Confederation 1186:Governor-General of the Province of Canada 531:Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn 374: 254: 240: 7364: 6582:Canadiana: "On the Road to Confederation" 6305:Manitoba Historical Society Transactions, 6185: 6039: 5221:, Toronto: Historica Foundation of Canada 5052: 4945:Diubaldo, Richard J. (January 18, 1999). 4560:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. pp. 76–. 4547: 4506: 4348: 4312: 4201: 4149: 4137: 4125: 3275:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 5. 3063:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 174. 1987: 1255:Constitutional scheme discussed in London 690:(formed in 1849) constituting a separate 6429: 6121: 6072: 5105:Bascaramurty, Dakshana (June 30, 2017). 4944: 3829: 3432: 3403: 3328: 3193: 3166: 2792:Continuation of New Brunswick government 2651:New Brunswick supports London Conference 2081:Premier Tilley introduces resolution in 2065:Premier Tupper introduces resolution in 1830: 1559: 1520: 1411: 1285: 1195: 1122: 1032:into the Great Coalition with Cartier's 1010: 889: 778: 613: 449: 445: 398: 62:of all important aspects of the article. 6983:Kitchen Accord/Night of the Long Knives 6876:Fines and penalties for provincial laws 6536:Nova Scotia. House of Assembly (1867). 6519:(McGill-Queen's University Press, 2006) 6477:(Newfoundland Historical Society, 1976) 6463:(Canadian Historical Association, 1966) 6376:(McGill-Queen's University Press, 2008) 6194: 5130: 5026: 4761: 4541:"Reference Re: Offshore Mineral Rights" 4291: 3571:CHA Annual Report and Historical Papers 3391: 2992:Government of Canada (April 22, 1999). 2334:Confederation discussed in Newfoundland 1851: 1849: 1847: 1548:Prior to the coming into effect of the 1475:Judicial Committee of the Privy Council 1131: 1064:preservation of ties with Great Britain 937:supporters of Confederation over their 14: 8102: 6482:Nova Scotia and Confederation, 1864–74 6334:(2008) vol 1 of biography of Macdonald 6327:(1952) vol 1 of biography of Macdonald 6243: 6215: 5264: 5078: 5004:"Yukon Territory name change to Yukon" 4793: 4581: 4445: 4177:"A Constitutional Walk for Canada Day" 3990: 3599: 3587: 3568: 3564: 3562: 3520: 3268: 3244: 3054: 2939: 2806:Lieutenant Governor Williams appoints 2803:Continuation of Nova Scotia government 2479:York by‑election, New Brunswick 2278:Cabinet crisis in Prince Edward Island 705:(both of which were controlled by the 375:joined, or entered into, Confederation 58:Please consider expanding the lead to 8160:Post-Confederation Canada (1867–1914) 7588: 7562: 7488: 7413: 7363: 7313:Individual ministerial responsibility 7262: 6959: 6905: 6736: 6664: 6603: 6395:Canadian Journal of Political Science 6388:Canadian Journal of Political Science 6264: 6164: 4720: 4553: 4381: 4318: 4110: 4098: 4069: 4057: 4042: 3925: 3886: 3871: 3841: 3802: 3630: 3553: 3485: 3295: 3256: 3018: 2190:from Canada West (led by Macdonald); 1993:Confederation timeline: 1863 to 1867 1627:precedence according to this ordering 924:In a 2000 journal article, historian 7926:Northwest Territories capital cities 6881:Matters of a local or private nature 6353:The Causes of Canadian confederation 6143: 4911:, 12 & 13 Geo. VI, c. 22 (U.K.). 4762:Sprague, Douglas N. (June 2, 1988). 4512: 4457: 4086: 3940: 3913: 3898: 3856: 3814: 3603:The Causes of Canadian confederation 3334: 2839:Creation of first Ontario government 1844: 1601:. In 1880, the British assigned all 1392:prime minister of the United Kingdom 1275: 1165: 852:Canadian–American Reciprocity Treaty 709:and sold to Canada in 1870) and the 31: 7510:Constitution Act (British Columbia) 6498:(University of Toronto Press, 1997) 4869:Prince Edward Island Terms of Union 3559: 2821:Creation of first Quebec government 2309:New premier in Prince Edward Island 2117:Report on constitutional reform in 1982:Truth and Reconciliation Commission 1885: 1872: 1789:Part of the North-West Territories 1779:Part of the North-West Territories 1766:Part of the North-West Territories 1525:John A. Macdonald became the first 839:Influences leading to Confederation 821:royal tour of British North America 638:and the new province should have a 618:Canadian territory at Confederation 525:. However, in 1769 the present-day 327:ten provinces and three territories 24: 7490:Provincial constitutions of Canada 7416:Interpretation of the Constitution 6509: 6489:British Columbia and Confederation 6286: 6144:Gwyn, Richard (October 28, 2008). 5079:Slowey, Gabrielle (July 8, 2016). 4948:Stefansson and the Canadian Arctic 3991:Canada, Parks (October 11, 2017). 3230:Dorin, Kaltemback & Rahal 2007 1944:and likewise the Australians with 1819:Part of the Northwest Territories 1623:Canadian provinces and territories 1462:, was passed in the Parliament in 1360:and Canada West should be renamed 25: 8191: 7281:Cabinet collective responsibility 6823:Peace, order, and good government 6737: 6593:Dictionary of Canadian Biography, 6570: 6425:(McGill-Queen's Press-MQUP, 2011) 6418:(McGill-Queen's Press-MQUP, 1979) 6360:1867: How the Fathers Made a Deal 5240:"About Us > Treaty Principals" 5053:Macdonald, Moira (June 7, 2017). 4653:. Cengage Learning. p. 263. 4554:Okafọ, Nọnso (October 22, 2009). 4519:. Cengage Learning. p. 106. 4361:Department of Canadian Heritage. 4325:1867: How the Fathers Made a Deal 3314:. Cengage Learning. p. 105. 3272:Newfoundland and Labrador English 3055:Walker, Edward W. (May 1, 2003). 2967:"How Canadians Govern Themselves" 2731:Bill passed by British Parliament 2544:Governor General Monck intervenes 2194:from Canada West (led by Brown); 2153:Brown initiates discussions with 1737:United Colony of British Columbia 1670:region of the Province of Canada 1657:region of the Province of Canada 1269:constitution of the United States 1004:were contemplating the idea of a 716: 662:The area constituting modern-day 273:) was the process by which three 8087: 8075: 8063: 8035: 8023: 8022: 7541: 7540: 7528: 6642:List of constitutional documents 6362:(McClelland & Stewart, 2011) 6198:Encyclopedia of Canada's peoples 6165:Hayes, Derek (August 31, 2006). 6125:The Future History of the Arctic 6015: 6002: 5989: 5976: 5963: 5949: 5935: 5922: 5909: 5895: 5882: 5869: 5855: 5842: 5828: 5815: 5802: 5789: 5776: 5763: 5750: 5737: 5724: 5711: 5698: 5685: 5672: 5658: 5645: 5632: 5618: 5605: 5592: 5574: 5561: 5548: 5537: 5526: 5513: 5502: 5489: 5476: 5463: 5450: 5437: 5423: 5410: 5395: 5382: 5368: 5355: 5341: 5328: 5315: 5289: 5283: 5258: 5232: 5214: 5208: 5190: 5176: 5165: 5159: 5124: 5098: 5072: 5046: 5027:Gettler, Brian (June 26, 2017). 5020: 4992: 4902: 4862: 4848: 4591:, s. 53(1) and Schedule, Item 1. 3718:Dictionary of Canadian Biography 3678:Dictionary of Canadian Biography 3530:Review of Constitutional Studies 3269:Clarke, Sandra (April 1, 2010). 2159:Political overtures by Brown to 1356:, Canada East should be renamed 866:), only further inflamed by the 441:Constitutional history of Canada 337: 223: 98: 36: 7705:Former colonies and territories 7263: 6522:Quebec and London Conferences. 6269:. University of Toronto Press. 6244:Semple, Neil (April 16, 1996). 6201:. University of Toronto Press. 6032: 5959:, August 11, 1866, pp. 362–368. 5265:Talaga, Tanya (June 13, 2010), 4856:British Columbia Terms of Union 4842:British North America Act, 1867 4834: 4828:British Columbia Terms of Union 4820: 4765:Canada and the Métis, 1869–1885 4706: 4667: 4595: 4533: 4480: 4451: 4439: 4433: 4407: 4354: 4342: 4292:Rayburn, Alan (March 1, 2001). 4233: 4207: 4195: 4143: 4010: 3984: 3959: 3946: 3783: 3770: 3757: 3748: 3739: 3726: 3710: 3685: 3670: 3645: 3639: 3624: 3523:"The Crown in the 21st Century" 3514: 3491: 3438: 3335:Kemp, Roger L. (May 30, 2010). 3187: 3160: 3131: 3104: 2902:Territorial evolution of Canada 2859:British North America Act, 1867 2768:British North America Act, 1867 2756:British North America Act, 1867 2736:British North America Act, 1867 2533:Newfoundland postpones decision 2386:Newfoundland postpones decision 2102:premier of Prince Edward Island 2083:New Brunswick House of Assembly 1751:Colony of Prince Edward Island 1505:British North America Act, 1867 1460:British North America Act, 1867 1394:at the time.) The act received 941:opponents prepared the way for 507:Acadian population was expelled 463:former colonies and territories 200:Territorial evolution of Canada 50:may be too short to adequately 6960: 6750:Charlottetown Conference, 1864 6647:Amendments to the Constitution 6048:. Toronto: Dundurn Press Ltd. 3778:The Canadian Historical Review 3697:Townships Heritage WebMagazine 3194:McCreery, Christopher (2005). 3077: 3048: 3024: 2985: 2959: 2945: 2919: 2829:Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau 2734:Lord Carnarvon introduces the 2434:Canadian delegation to Britain 1959:that had been self-governing. 650:(the former Upper Canada) and 332: 213:1867 Canadian federal election 60:provide an accessible overview 13: 1: 8165:1867 establishments in Canada 7397:Other unsuccessful amendments 6307:Series 3, Number 26, 1969–70 6190:. The Globe Printing Company. 6186:Mackenzie, Alexander (1892). 6150:. Random House Digital, Inc. 5945:, June 30, 1866, pp. 153–154. 5433:, June 14, 1864, pp. 383–384. 5378:, April 9, 1864, pp. 228–229. 4650:Journeys: A History of Canada 4636:. Collier. 1887. p. 225. 3606:. Acadiensis Press. pp. 3311:Journeys: A History of Canada 3021:, pp. 37–38, footnote 6. 2912: 2067:Nova Scotia House of Assembly 1603:North American Arctic islands 956:In 2007, political scientist 723:Chief Justice of Lower Canada 546:Society of Merchant Venturers 538:English attempt at settlement 356:federations. Use of the term 309:consisted of four provinces: 7680:Crown and Indigenous peoples 7462:Interjurisdictional immunity 7286:Disallowance and reservation 6938:Statute of Westminster, 1931 6339:International History Review 6295:Journal of the Civil War Era 6076:Canada: A Story of Challenge 3037:, Queen's Printer for Canada 2867:, Legislative Assemblies of 2849:as first premier of Ontario 2758:enacted as Imperial statute 999:Prince Edward Island premier 562:a French colonial enterprise 403:The Fathers of Confederation 7: 8145:Political history of Canada 6838:Matters excepted from s. 92 6411:(Robin Brass Studio, 2001). 6332:John A: The Man Who Made Us 6317:(1965) a standard history 6147:John A: The Man Who Made Us 6100:. Presses Univ. du Mirail. 6073:Careless, J. M. S. (1963). 5838:, April 5, 1866, pp. 78–79. 5000:Library and Archives Canada 4152:"On Canadian Confederation" 4150:Macdonald, John A. (1865). 3971:www.canadahistoryproject.ca 3676:The Intercolonial Railway, 2892:150th anniversary of Canada 2885: 2843:Lieutenant Governor Stisted 2831:as first premier of Quebec 2825:Lieutenant Governor Belleau 2689:London Conference concludes 2464:Britain urges Confederation 2104:, introduces resolution in 1127:Thomas D'Arcy McGee in 1868 1105:Maritime Union was waived. 728:sent a copy of his report, 587:and a predominantly French 10: 8196: 7427:Indigenous self-government 6917:British North America Acts 6703:Constitutional Act of 1791 6693:Royal Proclamation of 1763 6688:Constitution of New France 6503:Canadian Historical Review 6468:Canadian Historical Review 6444:Canadian Historical Review 6437:Canadian Historical Review 6397:1987. 20#1 pp : 3–29. 6381:Canadian Historical Review 6171:. Douglas & McIntyre. 6122:Emmerson, Charles (2010). 3341:. McFarland. p. 180. 3167:Stanford, Frances (2002). 2857:First elections under the 2616:Tupper's resolution passes 2023:, newly appointed British 1690:Province of New Brunswick 1516: 1408:British North America Acts 1405: 1402:British North America Acts 1279: 1244:Press and popular reaction 1169: 1149:Press and popular reaction 1030:Liberal-Conservative Party 976: 688:Colony of Vancouver Island 684:Colony of British Columbia 438: 434: 392: 368:In this Canadian context, 172:British North America Acts 8017: 7986: 7866: 7816:Newfoundland and Labrador 7779: 7655: 7596: 7522: 7495: 7484: 7422: 7409: 7372: 7359: 7335:Parliamentary sovereignty 7276:At His Majesty's pleasure 7271: 7258: 7225: 7209: 7193: 7000: 6968: 6955: 6912: 6901: 6871:Administration of justice 6866:Property and civil rights 6846: 6813: 6745: 6732: 6673: 6660: 6637: 6459:Bonenfant, Jean-Charles. 6355:(Acadiensis Press, 1990). 6323:Creighton, Donald Grant. 6313:Creighton, Donald Grant. 5323:The Road to Confederation 5218:The Canadian Encyclopedia 4611:The Canadian Encyclopedia 4493:The Canadian Encyclopedia 4220:THe Canadian Encyclopedia 3657:The Canadian Encyclopedia 3503:, Canad's Historic Places 3465:. ABC-CLIO. p. 822. 2700: 2513: 2289: 1997: 1906: 1893:Newfoundland and Labrador 1823: 1770: 1694: 1645: 1575:British North America Act 1486:gave royal assent to the 1432:, the country's official 1422:British North America Act 1373:British North America Act 1341:British North America Act 1300:British North America Act 1282:London Conference of 1866 1078:Canadian governor general 554:Newfoundland and Labrador 469:, and were once ruled by 8155:Pre-Confederation Canada 6772:Fathers of Confederation 6652:Quasi-constitutional law 6487:Shelton, W. George, ed. 6265:Waite, Peter B. (1962). 5905:, April 17, 1866, p. 70. 5865:, April 10, 1866, p. 60. 5351:, March 28, 1864, p. 87. 5145:10.1177/0306396813497877 4741:10.1177/1032373212463270 4692:10.1177/1032373212463270 3716:The American Dimension, 2847:John Sandfield Macdonald 2227:Charlottetown Conference 2186:Coalition government of 2037:premier of New Brunswick 1803:Dominion of Newfoundland 1716:(North-West Territories) 1680:Province of Nova Scotia 1527:prime minister of Canada 1381:British House of Commons 1350:prime minister of Canada 1053:Charlottetown Conference 1017:Charlottetown Conference 979:Charlottetown Conference 973:Charlottetown Conference 752:and the other in either 431:into the union in 1949. 417:Fathers of Confederation 395:Fathers of Confederation 389:Fathers of Confederation 323:Charlottetown Conference 271:Confédération canadienne 167:Anti-Confederation Party 144:Fathers of Confederation 82:This article is part of 7669:Persons of significance 7500:Constitution of Alberta 7442:Equal authenticity rule 7330:Parliamentary privilege 6767:London Conference, 1866 6755:Quebec Conference, 1864 6365:Morton, William Lewis. 6341:(1984) 6#3 pp: 333–357. 4458:John, Farthing (1957), 2655:inter-colonial railway 2237:Maritime Union shelved 1605:to Canada, right up to 1230:seventy-two resolutions 1172:Quebec Conference, 1864 983:In the spring of 1864, 703:North-Western Territory 666:is the remnants of the 581:Constitutional Act 1791 573:United Empire Loyalists 517:, which ended with the 477:was granted in 1621 to 8180:19th century in Canada 8110:Canadian Confederation 7700:Events of significance 7505:Constitution of Quebec 7457:Implied Bill of Rights 7291:Responsible government 6993:Constitution Act, 1982 6973:Fulton–Favreau formula 6943:Newfoundland Act, 1949 6933:Saskatchewan Act, 1905 6861:Works and undertakings 6782:Constitution Act, 1867 6631:Constitution of Canada 6404:(Penguin Canada, 2011) 6238:Constitution Act, 1867 5184:Constitution Act, 1982 5033:Early Canadian History 4714:Constitution Act, 1867 4605:Constitution Act, 1867 4589:Constitution Act, 1982 3631:Smith, Andrew (2008). 3170:Canada's Confederation 3034:Canadian Confederation 2953:Constitution Act, 1867 2927:Constitution Act, 1867 2639:New Brunswick election 2349:New Brunswick election 2233:, Prince Edward Island 2165:George-Étienne Cartier 2045:premier of Nova Scotia 1988:Confederation timeline 1926:Confederation Building 1599:North-West Territories 1554:Constitution Act, 1867 1550:Constitution Act, 1867 1530: 1510:Constitution Act, 1867 1500:Constitution Act, 1982 1495:constitution of Canada 1417: 1304: 1273: 1205: 1128: 1034: 1024: 895: 809:George-Étienne Cartier 805:Alexander Tilloch Galt 786: 784:George-Étienne Cartier 676:New Caledonia District 640:responsible government 619: 571:, an estimated 50,000 458: 404: 289:—were united into one 275:British North American 270: 267:Canadian Confederation 185:Constitutional history 92:Canadian Confederation 18:Confederation (Canada) 8150:British North America 8140:National unifications 7821:Northwest Territories 7766:Territorial evolution 7366:Constitutional debate 6678:Iroquois constitution 6515:Waite, Peter B., ed. 6470:71#1 (1990) pp: 1–45. 6446:21#4 (1940): 367–383. 6439:23#4 (1942): 374–397. 6430:Provinces and regions 6390:21#3 (1988): 443–464. 6297:7.4 (2017): 512–540. 6097:Canadian Civilization 6023:Road to Confederation 6010:Road to Confederation 5997:Road to Confederation 5984:Road to Confederation 5971:Road to Confederation 5930:Road to Confederation 5917:Road to Confederation 5890:Road to Confederation 5877:Road to Confederation 5850:Road to Confederation 5823:Road to Confederation 5810:Road to Confederation 5797:Road to Confederation 5784:Road to Confederation 5771:Road to Confederation 5758:Road to Confederation 5745:Road to Confederation 5732:Road to Confederation 5719:Road to Confederation 5706:Road to Confederation 5693:Road to Confederation 5680:Road to Confederation 5666:Confederation Debates 5653:Road to Confederation 5640:Road to Confederation 5626:Confederation Debates 5613:Road to Confederation 5600:Road to Confederation 5586:Confederation Debates 5569:Road to Confederation 5556:Road to Confederation 5521:Road to Confederation 5497:Road to Confederation 5484:Road to Confederation 5471:Road to Confederation 5458:Road to Confederation 5445:Road to Confederation 5418:Road to Confederation 5390:Road to Confederation 5363:Road to Confederation 5336:Road to Confederation 4978:. IWGIA. p. 20. 4923:Dominion Lands Policy 4460:Freedom Wears a Crown 4388:The Royal Household. 3693:"The St. Albans Raid" 2854:August–September 1867 2717:January–February 1867 2502:Newfoundland election 2445:Pressure from Britain 2337:Newfoundland premier 2275:October–December 1864 2188:Liberal-Conservatives 2143:non-confidence motion 2033:Samuel Leonard Tilley 1938:Confederation Heights 1934:Confederation Station 1713:Northwest Territories 1560:Joining Confederation 1524: 1415: 1313:the Earl of Carnarvon 1289: 1265: 1210:Étienne-Paschal Taché 1199: 1126: 1076:the appointment of a 1014: 988:Samuel Leonard Tilley 985:New Brunswick premier 893: 782: 617: 577:British North America 479:Sir William Alexander 453: 446:Colonial organization 439:Further information: 402: 8170:1867 in Canadian law 8135:Federalism in Canada 7841:Prince Edward Island 7387:Charlottetown Accord 6683:Mi'kmaq constitution 6453:28 (1961) pp: 25–30 6358:Moore, Christopher. 6216:Martin, Ged (1995). 5406:, Appendix 24, p. 4. 4794:Murphy, Rae (1993). 4489:"Dominion of Canada" 3600:Martin, Ged (1990). 2720:Drafting of the bill 2696:, for consideration 2053:Prince Edward Island 1966:Sparrow v. The Queen 1922:Confederation Square 1857:Hudson's Bay Company 1747:Prince Edward Island 1583:Confederation Bridge 1503:, which renamed the 1348:alongside the first 1132:Delegates' reactions 914:classical republican 797:Joseph-Charles Taché 736:(both a son of King 707:Hudson's Bay Company 668:Hudson's Bay Company 527:Prince Edward Island 319:Prince Edward Island 303:Canadian nationalism 7756:Population history 7727:Chinese immigration 7392:Calgary Declaration 6790:Canadian federalism 5655:, pp. 241, 262–263. 5460:, pp. 52–53, 62–63. 4513:Dyck, Rand (2011). 3448:, 1839, p. 103 2728:February–March 1867 2671:December 4–23, 1866 2346:February–March 1865 2313:James Colledge Pope 2242:October 10–27, 1864 2223:September 1–9, 1864 2025:lieutenant governor 2014:July–September 1863 1994: 1918:Mount Confederation 1621:Below is a list of 1139:Thomas D'Arcy McGee 992:Nova Scotia premier 876:Grand Trunk Railway 803:. Two years later, 611:in Western Canada. 569:American Revolution 567:In the wake of the 493:, and although the 116:Charlottetown, 1864 7472:Dialogue principle 7432:Pith and substance 7301:King-in-Parliament 7226:Part VII – General 6923:Manitoba Act, 1870 6828:Trade and commerce 6760:Quebec Resolutions 6698:Quebec Act of 1774 6494:Silver, Arthur I. 6480:Pryke, Kenneth G. 6383:89#1 (2008): 1–25. 6348:(UBC Press, 1995). 6044:Royal Observations 5321:Donald Creighton, 5111:The Globe and Mail 5059:University Affairs 4729:Accounting History 4680:Accounting History 4495:, Historica Canada 4369:on August 27, 2011 4320:Moore, Christopher 4222:, Historica Canada 3789:Ajzenstat, Janet. 3780:. 89, no. 1: 1–25. 2865:federal Parliament 2772:Canada is created 2450:Colonial Secretary 2413:William Henry Pope 2356:, becomes premier 2354:Albert James Smith 2254:Quebec Resolutions 2119:Province of Canada 2098:John Hamilton Gray 1992: 1930:Confederation Park 1771:September 1, 1905 1564:After the initial 1531: 1418: 1329:London Resolutions 1315:presented each to 1305: 1206: 1176:Quebec Resolutions 1129: 1025: 1002:John Hamilton Gray 896: 872:American Civil War 801:Courrier du Canada 787: 774:Quebec Conferences 740:and the father of 636:Province of Canada 624:Rebellions of 1837 620: 523:Province of Quebec 459: 405: 279:Province of Canada 195:Quebec Resolutions 8051: 8050: 8042:Canada portal 7612:18000 BCE–1500 CE 7590:History of Canada 7556: 7555: 7535:Canada portal 7518: 7517: 7480: 7479: 7405: 7404: 7382:Meech Lake Accord 7355: 7354: 7345:Royal prerogative 7254: 7253: 7250: 7249: 7246: 7245: 6951: 6950: 6928:Alberta Act, 1905 6897: 6896: 6893: 6892: 6889: 6888: 6728: 6727: 6720:Act of Union 1840 6505:9#1 (1928): 4–24. 6421:Wilson, David A. 6351:Martin, Ged, ed. 6276:978-1-896941-23-3 6257:978-0-7735-1400-3 6250:. McGill-Queens. 6208:978-0-8020-2938-6 6178:978-1-55365-077-5 6157:978-0-679-31476-9 6135:978-1-58648-636-5 6128:. PublicAffairs. 6107:978-2-85816-888-0 6086:978-1-107-67581-0 6055:978-1-55002-076-2 4985:978-87-90730-34-5 4958:978-0-7735-1815-5 4813:978-0-87891-917-8 4775:978-0-88920-964-0 4660:978-0-17-644244-6 4567:978-0-7546-4784-3 4526:978-0-17-650343-7 4516:Canadian Politics 4335:978-1-55199-483-3 4322:(July 27, 2011). 4305:978-0-8020-8293-0 4278:978-0-313-29367-2 4140:, pp. 96–97. 3617:978-0-919107-25-0 3590:, pp. 23–57. 3472:978-1-85109-431-8 3375:978-0-8020-3447-2 3348:978-0-7864-4210-2 3321:978-0-17-644244-6 3282:978-0-7486-2617-5 3232:, pp. 14–17. 3207:978-0-8020-3940-8 3180:978-1-55035-708-0 3153:978-0-8020-8842-0 3124:978-1-4426-0047-8 3097:978-0-8020-6826-2 3070:978-0-7425-2453-8 3000:on March 15, 2012 2897:History of Canada 2883: 2882: 2686:December 24, 1866 2675:London Conference 2598:April 12–13, 1866 2530:February 20, 1866 2405:March 24–31, 1865 2361:February 20, 1865 2306:January 7–9, 1865 2169:Alexander T. Galt 2161:John A. Macdonald 2155:John A. Macdonald 1904: 1903: 1448:opposed the term 1442:Kingdom of Canada 1303:on March 29, 1867 1276:London Conference 1202:Quebec Conference 1200:Delegates at the 1193:in October 1864. 1166:Quebec Conference 1015:Delegates of the 943:John A. Macdonald 762:the Earl Bathurst 672:Columbia District 644:Act of Union 1840 503:Treaty of Utrecht 456:William Alexander 264: 263: 77: 76: 16:(Redirected from 8187: 8175:1867 in politics 8092: 8091: 8080: 8079: 8078: 8068: 8067: 8066: 8059: 8040: 8039: 8038: 8026: 8025: 7977:Name etymologies 7857:Name etymologies 7796:British Columbia 7711:Heritage Minutes 7583: 7576: 7569: 7560: 7559: 7544: 7543: 7533: 7532: 7531: 7486: 7485: 7467:Purposive theory 7411: 7410: 7361: 7360: 7296:Fusion of powers 7260: 7259: 6998: 6997: 6989: 6988: 6978:Victoria Charter 6957: 6956: 6903: 6902: 6811: 6810: 6778: 6777: 6734: 6733: 6662: 6661: 6624: 6617: 6610: 6601: 6600: 6565: 6554: 6543: 6407:Waite, Peter B. 6400:Vronsky, Peter. 6280: 6261: 6233: 6212: 6191: 6182: 6161: 6139: 6118: 6116: 6114: 6090: 6069: 6064: 6062: 6047: 6026: 6019: 6013: 6006: 6000: 5993: 5987: 5980: 5974: 5967: 5961: 5953: 5947: 5939: 5933: 5926: 5920: 5913: 5907: 5899: 5893: 5886: 5880: 5873: 5867: 5859: 5853: 5846: 5840: 5832: 5826: 5819: 5813: 5806: 5800: 5793: 5787: 5780: 5774: 5767: 5761: 5754: 5748: 5741: 5735: 5728: 5722: 5715: 5709: 5702: 5696: 5689: 5683: 5676: 5670: 5662: 5656: 5649: 5643: 5636: 5630: 5622: 5616: 5609: 5603: 5596: 5590: 5578: 5572: 5565: 5559: 5552: 5546: 5541: 5535: 5530: 5524: 5517: 5511: 5506: 5500: 5493: 5487: 5480: 5474: 5467: 5461: 5454: 5448: 5441: 5435: 5427: 5421: 5414: 5408: 5399: 5393: 5386: 5380: 5372: 5366: 5359: 5353: 5345: 5339: 5332: 5326: 5319: 5313: 5312: 5310: 5308: 5293: 5287: 5281: 5280: 5279: 5277: 5262: 5256: 5255: 5253: 5251: 5236: 5230: 5229: 5228: 5226: 5212: 5206: 5200: 5194: 5188: 5180: 5174: 5169: 5163: 5157: 5156: 5133:Race & Class 5128: 5122: 5121: 5119: 5117: 5102: 5096: 5095: 5093: 5091: 5076: 5070: 5069: 5067: 5065: 5050: 5044: 5043: 5041: 5039: 5024: 5018: 5017: 5015: 5013: 5008: 4996: 4990: 4989: 4969: 4963: 4962: 4942: 4936: 4935: 4933: 4931: 4918: 4912: 4909:Newfoundland Act 4906: 4900: 4899: 4897: 4895: 4881: 4872: 4866: 4860: 4852: 4846: 4838: 4832: 4824: 4818: 4817: 4801: 4791: 4780: 4779: 4759: 4753: 4752: 4724: 4718: 4710: 4704: 4703: 4671: 4665: 4664: 4644: 4638: 4637: 4628: 4622: 4621: 4619: 4617: 4599: 4593: 4585: 4579: 4578: 4576: 4574: 4551: 4545: 4544: 4537: 4531: 4530: 4510: 4504: 4503: 4502: 4500: 4484: 4478: 4477: 4471: 4463: 4455: 4449: 4443: 4437: 4431: 4430: 4428: 4426: 4421:on June 17, 2011 4411: 4405: 4404: 4402: 4400: 4385: 4379: 4378: 4376: 4374: 4358: 4352: 4346: 4340: 4339: 4316: 4310: 4309: 4289: 4283: 4282: 4262: 4256: 4255: 4253: 4251: 4237: 4231: 4230: 4229: 4227: 4216:"Queen Victoria" 4211: 4205: 4199: 4193: 4192: 4190: 4188: 4173: 4164: 4163: 4161: 4159: 4147: 4141: 4135: 4129: 4123: 4114: 4108: 4102: 4096: 4090: 4084: 4073: 4067: 4061: 4055: 4046: 4040: 4034: 4033: 4031: 4029: 4014: 4008: 4007: 4005: 4003: 3988: 3982: 3981: 3979: 3977: 3963: 3957: 3950: 3944: 3938: 3929: 3923: 3917: 3911: 3902: 3896: 3890: 3884: 3875: 3869: 3860: 3854: 3845: 3839: 3833: 3827: 3818: 3812: 3806: 3800: 3794: 3787: 3781: 3774: 3768: 3761: 3755: 3752: 3746: 3743: 3737: 3730: 3724: 3714: 3708: 3707: 3705: 3703: 3689: 3683: 3674: 3668: 3667: 3665: 3663: 3649: 3643: 3637: 3636: 3628: 3622: 3621: 3597: 3591: 3585: 3579: 3578: 3566: 3557: 3551: 3545: 3544: 3543: 3541: 3527: 3518: 3512: 3511: 3510: 3508: 3495: 3489: 3483: 3477: 3476: 3456: 3450: 3449: 3442: 3436: 3430: 3424: 3423: 3413: 3407: 3401: 3395: 3389: 3380: 3379: 3359: 3353: 3352: 3332: 3326: 3325: 3305: 3299: 3293: 3287: 3286: 3266: 3260: 3254: 3248: 3242: 3233: 3227: 3212: 3211: 3191: 3185: 3184: 3164: 3158: 3157: 3145: 3135: 3129: 3128: 3108: 3102: 3101: 3081: 3075: 3074: 3062: 3052: 3046: 3045: 3044: 3042: 3028: 3022: 3016: 3010: 3009: 3007: 3005: 2989: 2983: 2982: 2980: 2978: 2973:on April 5, 2011 2963: 2957: 2949: 2943: 2937: 2931: 2923: 2812:House of Commons 2766:Proclamation of 2507:Frederick Carter 2499:November 7, 1865 2476:November 6, 1865 2331:February 6, 1865 2320:February 3, 1865 2261:October 19, 1864 2213:Governor General 2177:June 17–30, 1864 2150:June 14–16, 1864 2126:, member of the 1995: 1991: 1978:aboriginal title 1896: 1889: 1883: 1876: 1870: 1853: 1842: 1839: 1732:British Columbia 1632: 1631: 1607:Ellesmere Island 1488:Canada Act, 1982 1346:Highclere Castle 1039: 1023:, September 1864 1021:Government House 1019:on the steps of 880:little Englander 856:manifest destiny 850:Externally, the 831:of parties, the 664:British Columbia 599:established the 552:began to settle 515:Seven Years' War 505:of 1713 and the 383:Canadian history 256: 249: 242: 228: 227: 149:Laurentian elite 102: 79: 78: 72: 69: 63: 40: 32: 21: 8195: 8194: 8190: 8189: 8188: 8186: 8185: 8184: 8125:1860s in Canada 8120:1850s in Canada 8115:1840s in Canada 8100: 8099: 8098: 8086: 8076: 8074: 8064: 8062: 8054: 8052: 8047: 8036: 8034: 8013: 7982: 7862: 7783:and territories 7782: 7775: 7651: 7600: 7592: 7587: 7557: 7552: 7529: 7527: 7514: 7491: 7476: 7418: 7401: 7377:Triple-E Senate 7368: 7351: 7323:Question Period 7267: 7242: 7221: 7205: 7189: 6987: 6964: 6947: 6908: 6885: 6848: 6842: 6815: 6809: 6776: 6741: 6724: 6669: 6656: 6633: 6628: 6573: 6568: 6512: 6510:Primary sources 6473:Hiller, James. 6432: 6372:Smith, Andrew. 6330:Gwyn, Richard. 6289: 6287:Further reading 6284: 6277: 6258: 6230: 6209: 6179: 6158: 6136: 6112: 6110: 6108: 6087: 6060: 6058: 6056: 6035: 6030: 6029: 6020: 6016: 6007: 6003: 5994: 5990: 5981: 5977: 5968: 5964: 5954: 5950: 5940: 5936: 5932:, pp. 371, 386. 5927: 5923: 5914: 5910: 5900: 5896: 5887: 5883: 5874: 5870: 5860: 5856: 5847: 5843: 5833: 5829: 5820: 5816: 5807: 5803: 5794: 5790: 5781: 5777: 5768: 5764: 5755: 5751: 5742: 5738: 5729: 5725: 5716: 5712: 5703: 5699: 5690: 5686: 5677: 5673: 5663: 5659: 5650: 5646: 5637: 5633: 5623: 5619: 5610: 5606: 5597: 5593: 5579: 5575: 5566: 5562: 5553: 5549: 5542: 5538: 5531: 5527: 5518: 5514: 5507: 5503: 5494: 5490: 5481: 5477: 5468: 5464: 5455: 5451: 5442: 5438: 5428: 5424: 5415: 5411: 5400: 5396: 5387: 5383: 5373: 5369: 5360: 5356: 5346: 5342: 5333: 5329: 5320: 5316: 5306: 5304: 5294: 5290: 5284: 5275: 5273: 5263: 5259: 5249: 5247: 5246:on July 6, 2011 5238: 5237: 5233: 5224: 5222: 5213: 5209: 5196: 5195: 5191: 5181: 5177: 5170: 5166: 5160: 5129: 5125: 5115: 5113: 5103: 5099: 5089: 5087: 5077: 5073: 5063: 5061: 5051: 5047: 5037: 5035: 5025: 5021: 5011: 5009: 5006: 4997: 4993: 4986: 4970: 4966: 4959: 4943: 4939: 4929: 4927: 4920: 4919: 4915: 4907: 4903: 4893: 4891: 4883: 4882: 4875: 4871:, June 26, 1873 4867: 4863: 4853: 4849: 4839: 4835: 4831:, May 16, 1871. 4825: 4821: 4814: 4792: 4783: 4776: 4760: 4756: 4725: 4721: 4711: 4707: 4672: 4668: 4661: 4645: 4641: 4630: 4629: 4625: 4615: 4613: 4601: 4600: 4596: 4586: 4582: 4572: 4570: 4568: 4552: 4548: 4539: 4538: 4534: 4527: 4511: 4507: 4498: 4496: 4485: 4481: 4465: 4464: 4456: 4452: 4444: 4440: 4434: 4424: 4422: 4413: 4412: 4408: 4398: 4396: 4394:Queen's Printer 4386: 4382: 4372: 4370: 4359: 4355: 4347: 4343: 4336: 4317: 4313: 4306: 4290: 4286: 4279: 4263: 4259: 4249: 4247: 4239: 4238: 4234: 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June 30, 2017 4175: 4174: 4167: 4157: 4155: 4148: 4144: 4136: 4132: 4124: 4117: 4109: 4105: 4097: 4093: 4085: 4076: 4068: 4064: 4056: 4049: 4041: 4037: 4027: 4025: 4016: 4015: 4011: 4001: 3999: 3989: 3985: 3975: 3973: 3965: 3964: 3960: 3951: 3947: 3939: 3932: 3924: 3920: 3912: 3905: 3897: 3893: 3885: 3878: 3870: 3863: 3855: 3848: 3840: 3836: 3828: 3821: 3813: 3809: 3801: 3797: 3788: 3784: 3775: 3771: 3762: 3758: 3753: 3749: 3744: 3740: 3731: 3727: 3715: 3711: 3701: 3699: 3691: 3690: 3686: 3675: 3671: 3661: 3659: 3651: 3650: 3646: 3640: 3629: 3625: 3618: 3598: 3594: 3586: 3582: 3567: 3560: 3552: 3548: 3539: 3537: 3525: 3519: 3515: 3506: 3504: 3497: 3496: 3492: 3484: 3480: 3473: 3457: 3453: 3444: 3443: 3439: 3431: 3427: 3414: 3410: 3402: 3398: 3390: 3383: 3376: 3360: 3356: 3349: 3333: 3329: 3322: 3306: 3302: 3294: 3290: 3283: 3267: 3263: 3255: 3251: 3243: 3236: 3228: 3215: 3208: 3192: 3188: 3181: 3165: 3161: 3154: 3136: 3132: 3125: 3109: 3105: 3098: 3082: 3078: 3071: 3053: 3049: 3040: 3038: 3029: 3025: 3017: 3013: 3003: 3001: 2990: 2986: 2976: 2974: 2965: 2964: 2960: 2950: 2946: 2938: 2934: 2924: 2920: 2915: 2888: 2808:Hiram Blanchard 2454:Edward Cardwell 2265:St. Albans Raid 2181:Great Coalition 1990: 1909: 1900: 1899: 1890: 1886: 1877: 1873: 1854: 1845: 1840: 1831: 1794:March 31, 1949 1761:Yukon Territory 1611:Yukon Territory 1562: 1519: 1446:Colonial Office 1410: 1404: 1333:Colonial Office 1284: 1278: 1257: 1246: 1178: 1170:Main articles: 1168: 1151: 1134: 981: 975: 958:Janet Ajzenstat 888: 868:Alaska Purchase 864:St. Albans Raid 841: 833:Great Coalition 829:grand coalition 754:Annapolis Royal 726:Jonathan Sewell 719: 609:Rocky Mountains 519:Treaty of Paris 495:Scottish colony 448: 443: 437: 419:. In this way, 397: 391: 340: 335: 260: 222: 217: 190:Great Coalition 153: 130: 73: 67: 64: 57: 45:This article's 41: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8193: 8183: 8182: 8177: 8172: 8167: 8162: 8157: 8152: 8147: 8142: 8137: 8132: 8130:1867 in Canada 8127: 8122: 8117: 8112: 8097: 8096: 8084: 8072: 8049: 8048: 8046: 8045: 8031: 8018: 8015: 8014: 8012: 8011: 8006: 8001: 7999:Historiography 7996: 7990: 7988: 7984: 7983: 7981: 7980: 7973: 7968: 7963: 7958: 7953: 7948: 7943: 7938: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7918: 7913: 7908: 7903: 7898: 7893: 7888: 7883: 7878: 7872: 7870: 7864: 7863: 7861: 7860: 7853: 7848: 7843: 7838: 7833: 7828: 7823: 7818: 7813: 7808: 7803: 7798: 7793: 7787: 7785: 7777: 7776: 7774: 7773: 7768: 7763: 7758: 7753: 7748: 7747: 7746: 7741: 7731: 7730: 7729: 7719: 7717:Historic Sites 7714: 7707: 7702: 7697: 7692: 7687: 7682: 7677: 7675:Constitutional 7672: 7661: 7659: 7653: 7652: 7650: 7649: 7644: 7639: 7634: 7629: 7624: 7619: 7614: 7608: 7606: 7594: 7593: 7586: 7585: 7578: 7571: 7563: 7554: 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6001: 5999:, pp. 418–424. 5988: 5975: 5973:, pp. 406–417. 5962: 5948: 5934: 5921: 5908: 5894: 5881: 5879:, pp. 369–370. 5868: 5854: 5841: 5827: 5814: 5812:, pp. 361–362. 5801: 5799:, pp. 358–359. 5788: 5775: 5773:, pp. 346–347. 5762: 5760:, pp. 329–330. 5749: 5747:, pp. 318–320. 5736: 5734:, pp. 295–296. 5723: 5721:, pp. 292–293. 5710: 5697: 5684: 5682:, pp. 263–265. 5671: 5657: 5644: 5631: 5617: 5615:, pp. 246–252. 5604: 5591: 5573: 5571:, pp. 220–222. 5560: 5558:, pp. 196–199. 5547: 5536: 5525: 5523:, pp. 132–186. 5512: 5501: 5499:, pp. 104–131. 5488: 5475: 5462: 5449: 5436: 5422: 5409: 5394: 5381: 5367: 5354: 5340: 5327: 5314: 5288: 5282: 5257: 5231: 5207: 5189: 5175: 5164: 5158: 5123: 5097: 5085:Active History 5071: 5045: 5019: 4991: 4984: 4964: 4957: 4937: 4913: 4901: 4873: 4861: 4847: 4833: 4819: 4812: 4781: 4774: 4754: 4719: 4705: 4666: 4659: 4639: 4623: 4594: 4580: 4566: 4546: 4532: 4525: 4505: 4479: 4450: 4438: 4432: 4406: 4380: 4353: 4349:Bousfield 1991 4341: 4334: 4311: 4304: 4284: 4277: 4257: 4245:Lady Carnarvon 4232: 4206: 4202:Bousfield 1991 4194: 4181:Lady Carnarvon 4165: 4142: 4138:Mackenzie 1892 4130: 4128:, p. 230. 4126:Mackenzie 1892 4115: 4113:, p. 107. 4103: 4101:, p. 105. 4091: 4089:, p. 317. 4074: 4072:, p. 100. 4062: 4047: 4035: 4024:on May 6, 2012 4009: 3983: 3958: 3945: 3943:, p. 306. 3930: 3918: 3916:, p. 305. 3903: 3901:, p. 307. 3891: 3876: 3861: 3859:, p. 304. 3846: 3834: 3832:, p. 233. 3819: 3807: 3795: 3782: 3769: 3756: 3747: 3738: 3725: 3709: 3684: 3669: 3644: 3638: 3623: 3616: 3592: 3580: 3558: 3546: 3513: 3490: 3478: 3471: 3451: 3437: 3425: 3408: 3406:, p. 205. 3396: 3394:, p. 552. 3381: 3374: 3354: 3347: 3327: 3320: 3300: 3298:, p. 127. 3288: 3281: 3261: 3259:, p. 212. 3249: 3247:, p. 460. 3234: 3213: 3206: 3186: 3179: 3159: 3152: 3130: 3123: 3103: 3096: 3076: 3069: 3047: 3023: 3011: 2984: 2958: 2955:, ss. 5 and 6. 2944: 2932: 2917: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2910: 2909: 2904: 2899: 2894: 2887: 2884: 2881: 2880: 2863:Elections for 2861: 2855: 2851: 2850: 2840: 2837: 2833: 2832: 2822: 2819: 2815: 2814: 2804: 2801: 2797: 2796: 2793: 2790: 2786: 2785: 2781: 2778: 2774: 2773: 2770: 2764: 2760: 2759: 2753: 2747:Queen Victoria 2744: 2743:March 29, 1867 2740: 2739: 2732: 2729: 2725: 2724: 2721: 2718: 2714: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2703: 2702: 2698: 2697: 2694:Lord Carnarvon 2690: 2687: 2683: 2682: 2678: 2672: 2668: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2657: 2656: 2652: 2649: 2645: 2644: 2641: 2636: 2632: 2631: 2628: 2625: 2621: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2613:April 17, 1866 2610: 2609: 2606:Peter Mitchell 2602: 2599: 2595: 2594: 2590: 2587: 2586:April 10, 1866 2583: 2582: 2579: 2576: 2572: 2571: 2568: 2565: 2561: 2560: 2556: 2553: 2552:March 13, 1866 2549: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2541:March 12, 1866 2538: 2537: 2534: 2531: 2527: 2526: 2523: 2520: 2516: 2515: 2511: 2510: 2503: 2500: 2496: 2495: 2492:Charles Fisher 2480: 2477: 2473: 2472: 2469:William Annand 2465: 2462: 2458: 2457: 2446: 2443: 2439: 2438: 2435: 2432: 2428: 2427: 2424: 2421: 2420:April 10, 1865 2417: 2416: 2409: 2406: 2402: 2401: 2398: 2395: 2394:March 10, 1865 2391: 2390: 2387: 2384: 2380: 2379: 2376: 2373: 2369: 2368: 2365: 2362: 2358: 2357: 2350: 2347: 2343: 2342: 2335: 2332: 2328: 2327: 2324: 2321: 2317: 2316: 2310: 2307: 2303: 2302: 2299: 2296: 2292: 2291: 2287: 2286: 2279: 2276: 2272: 2271: 2267: 2262: 2258: 2257: 2246: 2243: 2239: 2238: 2234: 2224: 2220: 2219: 2210: 2207: 2203: 2202: 2184: 2178: 2174: 2173: 2157: 2151: 2147: 2146: 2139: 2136: 2132: 2131: 2121: 2115: 2111: 2110: 2095: 2092: 2091:April 18, 1864 2088: 2087: 2079: 2076: 2072: 2071: 2063: 2060: 2059:March 28, 1864 2056: 2055: 2041:Charles Tupper 2018: 2015: 2011: 2010: 2007: 2004: 2000: 1999: 1989: 1986: 1908: 1905: 1902: 1901: 1898: 1897: 1884: 1871: 1843: 1828: 1827: 1821: 1820: 1817: 1810: 1809:April 1, 1999 1806: 1805: 1800: 1795: 1791: 1790: 1787: 1781: 1780: 1777: 1772: 1768: 1767: 1764: 1757: 1756:June 13, 1898 1753: 1752: 1749: 1744: 1740: 1739: 1734: 1729: 1728:July 20, 1871 1725: 1724: 1717: 1708: 1707: 1701: 1696: 1695:July 15, 1870 1692: 1691: 1688: 1682: 1681: 1678: 1672: 1671: 1665: 1659: 1658: 1652: 1647: 1643: 1642: 1639: 1636: 1561: 1558: 1518: 1515: 1406:Main article: 1403: 1400: 1377:House of Lords 1317:Queen Victoria 1291:Queen Victoria 1280:Main article: 1277: 1274: 1256: 1253: 1245: 1242: 1204:, October 1864 1182:Viscount Monck 1167: 1164: 1150: 1147: 1133: 1130: 1102: 1101: 1095: 1092: 1085: 1084: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1006:Maritime Union 995:Charles Tupper 977:Main article: 974: 971: 916:values of the 887: 884: 840: 837: 742:Queen Victoria 718: 717:Early attempts 715: 711:Arctic Islands 678:following the 622:Following the 597:Treaty of 1818 447: 444: 436: 433: 425:Joey Smallwood 421:Amor De Cosmos 410:Hewitt Bernard 393:Main article: 390: 387: 339: 336: 334: 331: 277:provinces—the 262: 261: 259: 258: 251: 244: 236: 233: 232: 219: 218: 216: 215: 210: 202: 197: 192: 187: 182: 174: 169: 163: 160: 159: 155: 154: 152: 151: 146: 140: 137: 136: 132: 131: 129: 128: 123: 118: 112: 109: 108: 104: 103: 95: 94: 88: 87: 75: 74: 54:the key points 44: 42: 35: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8192: 8181: 8178: 8176: 8173: 8171: 8168: 8166: 8163: 8161: 8158: 8156: 8153: 8151: 8148: 8146: 8143: 8141: 8138: 8136: 8133: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8123: 8121: 8118: 8116: 8113: 8111: 8108: 8107: 8105: 8095: 8090: 8085: 8083: 8073: 8071: 8061: 8060: 8057: 8044: 8043: 8032: 8030: 8029: 8020: 8019: 8016: 8010: 8007: 8005: 8002: 8000: 7997: 7995: 7992: 7991: 7989: 7985: 7978: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7959: 7957: 7954: 7952: 7951:Richmond Hill 7949: 7947: 7944: 7942: 7939: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7887: 7884: 7882: 7881:Charlottetown 7879: 7877: 7874: 7873: 7871: 7869: 7865: 7858: 7854: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7837: 7834: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7824: 7822: 7819: 7817: 7814: 7812: 7811:New Brunswick 7809: 7807: 7804: 7802: 7799: 7797: 7794: 7792: 7789: 7788: 7786: 7784: 7778: 7772: 7769: 7767: 7764: 7762: 7759: 7757: 7754: 7752: 7749: 7745: 7742: 7740: 7737: 7736: 7735: 7732: 7728: 7725: 7724: 7723: 7720: 7718: 7715: 7713: 7712: 7708: 7706: 7703: 7701: 7698: 7696: 7693: 7691: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7681: 7678: 7676: 7673: 7670: 7666: 7663: 7662: 7660: 7658: 7654: 7648: 7645: 7643: 7640: 7638: 7635: 7633: 7630: 7628: 7625: 7623: 7620: 7618: 7615: 7613: 7610: 7609: 7607: 7604: 7599: 7595: 7591: 7584: 7579: 7577: 7572: 7570: 7565: 7564: 7561: 7549: 7548: 7539: 7537: 7536: 7525: 7524: 7521: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7501: 7498: 7497: 7494: 7487: 7483: 7473: 7470: 7468: 7465: 7463: 7460: 7458: 7455: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7437:Double aspect 7435: 7433: 7430: 7428: 7425: 7424: 7421: 7417: 7412: 7408: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7390: 7388: 7385: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7374: 7371: 7367: 7362: 7358: 7346: 7343: 7342: 7341: 7340:Reserve power 7338: 7336: 7333: 7331: 7328: 7324: 7321: 7320: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7309: 7306: 7302: 7299: 7298: 7297: 7294: 7292: 7289: 7287: 7284: 7282: 7279: 7277: 7274: 7273: 7270: 7266: 7261: 7257: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7231: 7230: 7228: 7224: 7218: 7215: 7214: 7212: 7208: 7202: 7199: 7198: 7196: 7192: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7158: 7156: 7153: 7151: 7148: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7123: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7103: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7016: 7013: 7011: 7008: 7007: 7005: 7003: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6990: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6970: 6967: 6963: 6958: 6954: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6926: 6924: 6921: 6918: 6915: 6914: 6911: 6904: 6900: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6854: 6853: 6851: 6847:Powers under 6845: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6820: 6818: 6812: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6787: 6785: 6783: 6779: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6765: 6761: 6758: 6757: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6747: 6744: 6740: 6739:Confederation 6735: 6731: 6721: 6718: 6715: 6712: 6709: 6706: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6691: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6675: 6672: 6668: 6663: 6659: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6639: 6636: 6632: 6625: 6620: 6618: 6613: 6611: 6606: 6605: 6602: 6596: 6594: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6574: 6563: 6562: 6556: 6552: 6551: 6545: 6541: 6540: 6534: 6531: 6527: 6526: 6521: 6518: 6514: 6513: 6504: 6500: 6497: 6493: 6490: 6486: 6483: 6479: 6476: 6472: 6469: 6465: 6462: 6458: 6456: 6452: 6451:CCHA, Report, 6448: 6445: 6441: 6438: 6434: 6433: 6424: 6420: 6417: 6413: 6410: 6406: 6403: 6399: 6396: 6392: 6389: 6385: 6382: 6378: 6375: 6371: 6368: 6364: 6361: 6357: 6354: 6350: 6347: 6344:Martin, Ged. 6343: 6340: 6336: 6333: 6329: 6326: 6322: 6320: 6316: 6312: 6310: 6306: 6302: 6300: 6296: 6292: 6291: 6278: 6272: 6268: 6263: 6259: 6253: 6249: 6248: 6242: 6240: 6239: 6235: 6231: 6225: 6221: 6220: 6214: 6210: 6204: 6200: 6199: 6193: 6189: 6184: 6180: 6174: 6170: 6169: 6163: 6159: 6153: 6149: 6148: 6142: 6137: 6131: 6127: 6126: 6120: 6109: 6103: 6099: 6098: 6092: 6088: 6082: 6078: 6077: 6071: 6068: 6057: 6051: 6046: 6045: 6038: 6037: 6024: 6018: 6011: 6005: 5998: 5992: 5985: 5979: 5972: 5966: 5960: 5958: 5952: 5946: 5944: 5938: 5931: 5925: 5918: 5912: 5906: 5904: 5898: 5891: 5885: 5878: 5872: 5866: 5864: 5858: 5851: 5845: 5839: 5837: 5831: 5824: 5818: 5811: 5805: 5798: 5792: 5785: 5779: 5772: 5766: 5759: 5753: 5746: 5740: 5733: 5727: 5720: 5714: 5708:, p. 279–283. 5707: 5701: 5695:, p. 265–268. 5694: 5688: 5681: 5675: 5669: 5667: 5661: 5654: 5648: 5641: 5635: 5629: 5627: 5621: 5614: 5608: 5601: 5595: 5589: 5587: 5583: 5577: 5570: 5564: 5557: 5551: 5545: 5540: 5534: 5529: 5522: 5516: 5510: 5505: 5498: 5492: 5485: 5479: 5472: 5466: 5459: 5453: 5446: 5440: 5434: 5432: 5426: 5419: 5413: 5407: 5405: 5398: 5391: 5385: 5379: 5377: 5371: 5364: 5358: 5352: 5350: 5344: 5337: 5331: 5324: 5318: 5303: 5299: 5292: 5286: 5272: 5268: 5261: 5250:September 29, 5245: 5241: 5235: 5225:September 30, 5220: 5219: 5211: 5204: 5203:1 S.C.R. 1075 5199: 5193: 5187: 5185: 5179: 5173: 5168: 5162: 5154: 5150: 5146: 5142: 5138: 5134: 5127: 5116:September 21, 5112: 5108: 5101: 5090:September 21, 5086: 5082: 5075: 5064:September 21, 5060: 5056: 5049: 5038:September 21, 5034: 5030: 5023: 5005: 5001: 4995: 4987: 4981: 4977: 4976: 4968: 4960: 4954: 4950: 4949: 4941: 4925: 4924: 4917: 4910: 4905: 4890: 4886: 4880: 4878: 4870: 4865: 4858: 4857: 4851: 4845: 4843: 4837: 4830: 4829: 4823: 4815: 4809: 4805: 4800: 4799: 4790: 4788: 4786: 4777: 4771: 4767: 4766: 4758: 4750: 4746: 4742: 4738: 4734: 4730: 4723: 4717: 4715: 4709: 4701: 4697: 4693: 4689: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4670: 4662: 4656: 4652: 4651: 4643: 4635: 4634: 4627: 4612: 4608: 4606: 4598: 4592: 4590: 4584: 4569: 4563: 4559: 4558: 4550: 4542: 4536: 4528: 4522: 4518: 4517: 4509: 4494: 4490: 4483: 4475: 4469: 4461: 4454: 4447: 4442: 4436: 4420: 4416: 4410: 4395: 4391: 4384: 4368: 4364: 4357: 4350: 4345: 4337: 4331: 4327: 4326: 4321: 4315: 4307: 4301: 4297: 4296: 4288: 4280: 4274: 4270: 4269: 4261: 4246: 4242: 4236: 4221: 4217: 4210: 4203: 4198: 4182: 4178: 4172: 4170: 4153: 4146: 4139: 4134: 4127: 4122: 4120: 4112: 4107: 4100: 4095: 4088: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4071: 4066: 4060:, p. 99. 4059: 4054: 4052: 4045:, p. 98. 4044: 4039: 4023: 4019: 4013: 3998: 3994: 3987: 3972: 3968: 3962: 3955: 3954:Head Quarters 3949: 3942: 3937: 3935: 3928:, p. 88. 3927: 3922: 3915: 3910: 3908: 3900: 3895: 3889:, p. 85. 3888: 3883: 3881: 3874:, p. 87. 3873: 3868: 3866: 3858: 3853: 3851: 3844:, p. 83. 3843: 3838: 3831: 3830:Careless 1963 3826: 3824: 3816: 3811: 3805:, p. 56. 3804: 3799: 3792: 3786: 3779: 3773: 3766: 3760: 3751: 3742: 3735: 3729: 3723: 3719: 3713: 3698: 3694: 3688: 3682: 3679: 3673: 3658: 3654: 3653:"Canada West" 3648: 3642: 3634: 3627: 3619: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3604: 3596: 3589: 3584: 3576: 3572: 3565: 3563: 3556:, p. 44. 3555: 3550: 3535: 3531: 3524: 3517: 3502: 3501: 3494: 3488:, p. 40. 3487: 3482: 3474: 3468: 3464: 3463: 3455: 3447: 3441: 3435:, p. 73. 3434: 3433:Emmerson 2010 3429: 3421: 3420: 3412: 3405: 3404:Careless 1963 3400: 3393: 3388: 3386: 3377: 3371: 3367: 3366: 3358: 3350: 3344: 3340: 3339: 3331: 3323: 3317: 3313: 3312: 3304: 3297: 3292: 3284: 3278: 3274: 3273: 3265: 3258: 3253: 3246: 3241: 3239: 3231: 3226: 3224: 3222: 3220: 3218: 3209: 3203: 3199: 3198: 3190: 3182: 3176: 3172: 3171: 3163: 3155: 3149: 3144: 3143: 3134: 3126: 3120: 3116: 3115: 3107: 3099: 3093: 3089: 3088: 3080: 3072: 3066: 3061: 3060: 3051: 3036: 3035: 3027: 3020: 3015: 2999: 2995: 2988: 2972: 2968: 2962: 2956: 2954: 2948: 2941: 2936: 2930: 2928: 2922: 2918: 2908: 2905: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2890: 2889: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2860: 2856: 2853: 2852: 2848: 2844: 2841: 2838: 2836:July 16, 1867 2835: 2834: 2830: 2826: 2823: 2820: 2818:July 15, 1867 2817: 2816: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2802: 2799: 2798: 2794: 2791: 2788: 2787: 2782: 2779: 2776: 2775: 2771: 2769: 2765: 2762: 2761: 2757: 2754: 2752: 2748: 2745: 2742: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2730: 2727: 2726: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2715: 2711: 2708: 2705: 2704: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2688: 2685: 2684: 2679: 2676: 2673: 2670: 2669: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2658: 2653: 2650: 2648:June 30, 1866 2647: 2646: 2642: 2640: 2637: 2635:May–June 1866 2634: 2633: 2629: 2626: 2624:May 7–8, 1866 2623: 2622: 2618: 2615: 2612: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2600: 2597: 2596: 2593:Province..." 2591: 2588: 2585: 2584: 2580: 2577: 2575:April 6, 1866 2574: 2573: 2569: 2566: 2564:April 4, 1866 2563: 2562: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2550: 2546: 2543: 2540: 2539: 2535: 2532: 2529: 2528: 2524: 2521: 2518: 2517: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2501: 2498: 2497: 2493: 2489: 2485: 2481: 2478: 2475: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2463: 2460: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2444: 2442:June 24, 1865 2441: 2440: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2429: 2425: 2422: 2419: 2418: 2414: 2410: 2407: 2404: 2403: 2399: 2396: 2393: 2392: 2388: 2385: 2383:March 6, 1865 2382: 2381: 2377: 2374: 2372:March 2, 1865 2371: 2370: 2366: 2363: 2360: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2348: 2345: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2333: 2330: 2329: 2325: 2322: 2319: 2318: 2314: 2311: 2308: 2305: 2304: 2300: 2297: 2294: 2293: 2288: 2284: 2283:Edward Palmer 2280: 2277: 2274: 2273: 2268: 2266: 2263: 2260: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2244: 2241: 2240: 2235: 2232: 2231:Charlottetown 2228: 2225: 2222: 2221: 2217: 2214: 2211: 2208: 2206:June 30, 1864 2205: 2204: 2199: 2198: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2182: 2179: 2176: 2175: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2156: 2152: 2149: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2137: 2135:June 14, 1864 2134: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2122: 2120: 2116: 2114:June 14, 1864 2113: 2112: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2096: 2093: 2090: 2089: 2084: 2080: 2077: 2075:April 9, 1864 2074: 2073: 2068: 2064: 2061: 2058: 2057: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2031:, encourages 2030: 2029:New Brunswick 2026: 2022: 2021:Arthur Gordon 2019: 2016: 2013: 2012: 2008: 2005: 2002: 2001: 1998:1863 to 1864 1996: 1985: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1972: 1968: 1967: 1960: 1957: 1956: 1949: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1914: 1913:confederation 1894: 1888: 1881: 1875: 1868: 1867: 1862: 1858: 1852: 1850: 1848: 1838: 1836: 1834: 1829: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1816: 1815: 1811: 1808: 1807: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1796: 1793: 1792: 1788: 1786: 1783: 1782: 1778: 1776: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1763: 1762: 1758: 1755: 1754: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743:July 1, 1873 1742: 1741: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1727: 1726: 1722: 1721:Rupert's Land 1718: 1715: 1714: 1710: 1709: 1706: 1705:Rupert's Land 1702: 1700: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1687: 1686:New Brunswick 1684: 1683: 1679: 1677: 1674: 1673: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1660: 1656: 1653: 1651: 1648: 1646:July 1, 1867 1644: 1640: 1637: 1634: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1624: 1619: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1594: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1571: 1567: 1557: 1555: 1551: 1546: 1542: 1540: 1536: 1528: 1523: 1514: 1512: 1511: 1506: 1502: 1501: 1496: 1491: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1476: 1472: 1467: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1456: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1437: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1414: 1409: 1399: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1369: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1342: 1336: 1334: 1330: 1324: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1309: 1302: 1301: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1283: 1272: 1270: 1264: 1261: 1252: 1249: 1241: 1239: 1233: 1231: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1216: 1211: 1203: 1198: 1194: 1192: 1187: 1183: 1177: 1173: 1163: 1159: 1157: 1146: 1142: 1140: 1125: 1121: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1106: 1100: 1099:Rupert's Land 1096: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1088: 1083: 1082:British Crown 1079: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1066: 1063: 1062: 1061: 1057: 1054: 1049: 1047: 1043: 1038: 1037: 1031: 1022: 1018: 1013: 1009: 1007: 1003: 1000: 996: 993: 989: 986: 980: 970: 967: 966:Enlightenment 963: 959: 954: 952: 948: 947:Intercolonial 944: 940: 936: 930: 927: 922: 919: 918:Country Party 915: 911: 905: 902: 892: 883: 881: 877: 873: 869: 865: 861: 857: 853: 848: 844: 836: 834: 830: 826: 822: 817: 814: 810: 806: 802: 798: 794: 793: 785: 781: 777: 775: 771: 770:Charlottetown 767: 763: 759: 755: 751: 747: 743: 739: 735: 734:Prince Edward 731: 727: 724: 714: 712: 708: 704: 700: 699:Rupert's Land 695: 693: 689: 685: 681: 680:Oregon Treaty 677: 673: 669: 665: 660: 657: 653: 649: 645: 641: 637: 633: 632:Durham Report 629: 625: 616: 612: 610: 606: 602: 601:49th parallel 598: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 565: 563: 559: 555: 551: 547: 543: 539: 534: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 511:New Brunswick 508: 504: 500: 499:Great Britain 496: 492: 488: 484: 480: 476: 472: 468: 464: 457: 452: 442: 432: 430: 426: 422: 418: 413: 411: 401: 396: 386: 384: 380: 376: 371: 370:confederation 366: 364: 359: 358:confederation 355: 354:decentralized 351: 350: 349:confederation 345: 338:Confederation 330: 328: 324: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 293:, called the 292: 288: 287:New Brunswick 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 257: 252: 250: 245: 243: 238: 237: 235: 234: 231: 230:Canada Portal 226: 221: 220: 214: 211: 209: 207: 203: 201: 198: 196: 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Retrieved 6096: 6075: 6066: 6059:. Retrieved 6043: 6033:Bibliography 6022: 6017: 6009: 6004: 5996: 5991: 5983: 5978: 5970: 5965: 5956: 5951: 5942: 5937: 5929: 5924: 5916: 5911: 5902: 5897: 5889: 5884: 5876: 5871: 5862: 5857: 5849: 5844: 5835: 5830: 5822: 5817: 5809: 5804: 5796: 5791: 5783: 5778: 5770: 5765: 5757: 5752: 5744: 5739: 5731: 5726: 5718: 5713: 5705: 5700: 5692: 5687: 5679: 5674: 5665: 5660: 5652: 5647: 5639: 5634: 5625: 5620: 5612: 5607: 5599: 5594: 5585: 5581: 5576: 5568: 5563: 5555: 5550: 5539: 5528: 5520: 5515: 5504: 5496: 5491: 5483: 5478: 5473:, pp. 65–69. 5470: 5465: 5457: 5452: 5447:, pp. 51–52. 5444: 5439: 5430: 5425: 5420:, pp. 50–51. 5417: 5412: 5403: 5397: 5392:, pp. 33–35. 5389: 5384: 5375: 5370: 5365:, pp. 32–33. 5362: 5357: 5348: 5343: 5335: 5330: 5322: 5317: 5305:. Retrieved 5301: 5291: 5285: 5274:, retrieved 5271:Toronto Star 5270: 5260: 5248:. 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Bartleby 4111:Waite 1962 4099:Waite 1962 4070:Waite 1962 4058:Waite 1962 4043:Waite 1962 3926:Waite 1962 3887:Waite 1962 3872:Waite 1962 3842:Waite 1962 3803:Waite 1962 3554:Waite 1962 3486:Waite 1962 3296:Hayes 2006 3257:Hayes 2006 3019:Waite 1962 2913:References 1955:Indian Act 1946:federation 1861:Fort Garry 1535:Parliament 1469:While the 1430:Canada Day 1388:Lord Derby 1114:Saint John 1036:Parti bleu 962:John Locke 953:Railways. 825:Edward VII 738:George III 656:Lord Elgin 536:The first 467:New France 344:federation 291:federation 178:Chesapeake 7966:Vancouver 7956:Saskatoon 7781:Provinces 7695:Etymology 7665:Canadians 7642:1960–1981 7637:1945–1960 7632:1914–1945 7627:1867–1914 7622:1763–1867 7617:1534–1763 7598:Year list 6856:Licensing 5986:, p. 417. 5919:, p. 372. 5892:, p. 368. 5852:, p. 366. 5825:, p. 362. 5786:, p. 358. 5642:, p. 242. 5628:, p. iii. 5602:, p. 235. 5153:145726008 4844:, s. 146. 4749:154697832 4735:(1): 37. 4716:, s. 129. 4700:1032-3732 4462:, Toronto 4087:Gwyn 2008 3941:Gwyn 2008 3914:Gwyn 2008 3899:Gwyn 2008 3857:Gwyn 2008 3815:Gwyn 2008 3507:April 30, 2845:appoints 2827:appoints 2461:July 1865 2192:Reformers 1971:fiduciary 1911:The term 1585:in 1997. 1568:in 1867, 1507:, to the 1480:patriated 926:Ian McKay 813:John Ross 377:(but not 269:(French: 68:June 2020 52:summarize 8094:Politics 8028:Category 7987:Research 7971:Winnipeg 7921:Montreal 7901:Hamilton 7886:Edmonton 7876:Brampton 7801:Manitoba 7734:Military 7690:Economic 7685:Cultural 7603:Timeline 7547:Category 7010:Preamble 6795:Preamble 6532:, 1867? 6067:toffoli. 6061:March 7, 5668:, p. iv. 5486:, p. 69. 5338:, p. 32. 5276:June 13, 5012:July 14, 4468:citation 4250:June 19, 4187:June 19, 3041:June 29, 2886:See also 2486:in York 2431:May 1865 1895:in 2001. 1891:Renamed 1882:in 2003. 1878:Renamed 1869:of 1870. 1703:Part of 1699:Manitoba 1570:Manitoba 1455:dominion 1366:dominion 1321:audience 1293:granted 1156:Victoria 878:and the 750:Montreal 701:and the 575:fled to 461:All the 295:Dominion 84:a series 8070:History 8056:Portals 8009:Surveys 7961:Toronto 7916:Moncton 7911:Markham 7896:Halifax 7831:Nunavut 7806:Ontario 7791:Alberta 5307:May 21, 4499:June 5, 4425:July 3, 4399:May 14, 3540:June 5, 2869:Ontario 2749:grants 2712:Result 2525:Result 2301:Result 2009:Result 1814:Nunavut 1785:Alberta 1719:All of 1650:Ontario 1615:Nunavut 1587:Alberta 1566:BNA Act 1517:Results 1471:BNA Act 1450:kingdom 1426:BNA Act 1383:. (The 1362:Ontario 1297:to the 1110:Halifax 1080:by the 951:Pacific 935:statist 758:Windsor 630:in his 607:to the 550:Bristol 487:James I 483:charter 435:History 311:Ontario 158:Related 8082:Canada 7946:Regina 7931:Ottawa 7868:Cities 7836:Quebec 7761:Sports 7657:Topics 6716:(1839) 6710:(1838) 6491:(1967) 6484:(1979) 6455:online 6319:online 6309:online 6299:online 6273: 6254: 6226: 6205: 6175: 6154: 6132: 6104: 6083: 6052: 5201:, 5151: 4982: 4955: 4810: 4772: 4747: 4698: 4657: 4564: 4523: 4332: 4302: 4275: 4158:May 8, 4028:May 8, 3614: 3469: 3372: 3345: 3318: 3279: 3204: 3177: 3150: 3121: 3094: 3067: 3004:May 8, 2977:May 8, 2929:, s. 3 2873:Quebec 2677:begins 2488:riding 2183:formed 2051:, and 2039:, and 1924:, the 1907:Legacy 1663:Quebec 1539:Senate 1444:. The 1358:Quebec 1354:Canada 1184:, the 1116:, and 997:, and 862:, and 811:, and 591:. 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