356:
262:
372:
340:
2823:
2531:
1368:
58:
190:"bloom" that can be rubbed off. It is a slip-skin variety, meaning the skin is easily separated from the fruit. Concord grapes have large seeds and are highly aromatic. The Concord grape is particularly prone to the physiological disorder
423:
Huber, Franziska; Röckel, Franco; Schwander, Florian; Maul, Erika; Eibach, Rudolf; Cousins, Peter; Töpfer, Reinhard (2016). "A view into
American grapevine history: Vitis vinifera cv. 'SĂ©millon' is an ancestor of 'Catawba' and 'Concord'".
245:, a chemical present in Concord grapes, is used to give "grape" flavor. The dark-colored Concord juice is used in some churches as a non-alcoholic alternative to wine in the service of
241:
in U.S. supermarkets. Concord grapes are used for grape juice, and their distinctive purple color has led to grape-flavored soft drinks and candy being artificially colored purple.
371:
339:
494:
3464:
1355:
1152:
1089:
3406:
837:
3401:
907:
921:
3479:
1110:
1103:
1061:
991:
1271:
1313:
1166:
1047:
3517:
1341:
1243:
1180:
1068:
914:
1285:
1215:
1173:
1026:
865:
893:
779:
596:
355:
3474:
2865:
2757:
253:
and sacramental wine. The oldest sacramental winery in
America, O-Neh-Da Vineyard, still produces a Concord wine for the altar.
498:
175:. Traditionally, most commercially produced Concord wines have been finished sweet, but dry versions are possible if adequate
579:
265:
Ephraim Bull (1806–95), of
Concord, Massachusetts, and the original Concord grape vine which he propagated and named in 1849.
111:
2579:
772:
3505:
305:
520:
3553:
1841:
1367:
470:
3396:
234:
3558:
3543:
3439:
1816:
765:
2130:
3548:
3469:
2297:
99:
17:
2783:
623:
3512:
3484:
3459:
3449:
2788:
752:
2858:
362:
298:
3500:
3454:
3391:
2708:
2675:
2504:
3444:
2933:
2798:
2688:
3383:
2793:
2572:
2514:
2443:
2335:
1936:
1919:
382:
186:
The skin of a
Concord grape is typically dark blue or purple and often is covered with a glaucous
2683:
2056:
1892:
226:
191:
152:
283:
and evaluated over 22,000 seedlings before finding what he considered the ideal
Concord grape.
2851:
2546:
2469:
1914:
1194:
274:
569:
3423:
3169:
2484:
2253:
1897:
1414:
309:
176:
1082:
183:
where it was developed. The grapes are cultivated in many different parts of the world now.
2135:
1887:
1739:
1250:
698:
261:
942:
197:
In the United States, 417,800 tons were produced in 2011. The major growing areas are the
8:
3254:
3083:
3048:
2713:
2665:
2565:
1809:
345:
Ripe grapes (foreground) and unripe grapes (background). Unripe grapes can be made into
325:
321:
242:
2115:
984:
702:
546:
3306:
3123:
3028:
2988:
2703:
2208:
1684:
1464:
1334:
1138:
1117:
998:
949:
928:
721:
686:
441:
270:
3348:
3343:
3326:
3264:
3259:
3219:
3214:
3149:
3088:
3078:
3073:
3053:
2657:
2604:
2188:
1926:
1724:
1614:
1609:
1569:
1564:
1519:
1504:
1389:
1348:
1264:
1236:
1145:
1124:
935:
886:
879:
726:
575:
476:
466:
214:
117:
2125:
445:
293:
parentage. The selected
Concord vine was planted next to other cultivars, including
3368:
3249:
3224:
3209:
3003:
2918:
2448:
2375:
2238:
2140:
1754:
1574:
1534:
1327:
1278:
1257:
1096:
1054:
970:
823:
816:
809:
716:
706:
433:
187:
168:
3321:
3294:
3274:
3199:
3184:
3174:
3118:
3038:
3033:
2908:
2803:
2624:
2541:
2327:
2155:
2090:
2033:
1996:
1876:
1719:
1704:
1694:
1664:
1634:
1604:
1529:
1479:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1229:
1131:
1005:
851:
844:
830:
711:
294:
284:
437:
3316:
3279:
3154:
3128:
3093:
2998:
2973:
2693:
2642:
2596:
2453:
2425:
2400:
2321:
2310:
2305:
2203:
2170:
1986:
1964:
1931:
1907:
1802:
1759:
1644:
1619:
1524:
1429:
1394:
1384:
1320:
1299:
1201:
1187:
1075:
1033:
1019:
1012:
660:
317:
289:
279:
139:
80:
2698:
1589:
3537:
3363:
3331:
3311:
3301:
3164:
3113:
3063:
3043:
3018:
3008:
2993:
2983:
2968:
2948:
2923:
2913:
2903:
2874:
2822:
2723:
2632:
2530:
2438:
2433:
2110:
1902:
1744:
1699:
1689:
1679:
1659:
1654:
1599:
1559:
1509:
1419:
1306:
1208:
1159:
977:
963:
956:
900:
872:
858:
524:
104:
92:
571:
The
Prohibition Hangover: Alcohol in America from Demon Rum to Cult Cabernet
480:
3411:
3269:
3179:
3159:
3133:
3108:
3013:
2953:
2928:
2898:
2888:
2509:
2100:
2038:
2028:
1981:
1764:
1709:
1494:
1454:
1409:
1376:
730:
601:
206:
198:
2258:
3373:
3338:
3289:
3068:
3023:
2963:
2938:
2893:
2827:
2778:
2741:
2535:
2390:
2380:
2278:
2043:
1974:
1833:
1749:
1714:
1674:
1649:
1629:
1584:
1579:
1459:
1292:
757:
460:
400:
313:
250:
238:
230:
180:
172:
148:
144:
2160:
685:
Sawler J, Reisch B, Aradhya MK, Prins B, Zhong G-Y, et al. (2013).
3353:
3204:
3098:
2978:
2943:
2731:
2647:
2637:
2588:
2494:
2489:
2474:
2410:
2405:
2370:
2268:
2263:
2223:
2150:
2095:
2085:
2067:
2023:
2011:
2001:
1959:
1785:
1775:
1734:
1514:
1499:
1489:
1424:
1399:
297:, which was later confirmed to be a parent of Concord using systematic
160:
2080:
3239:
3234:
3194:
3103:
3058:
2958:
2609:
2499:
2479:
2415:
2395:
2385:
2345:
2283:
2165:
2105:
2006:
1851:
1594:
1549:
1544:
1469:
1404:
1222:
1040:
395:
246:
202:
156:
3522:
3416:
3358:
3244:
2355:
2350:
2340:
2233:
2213:
2180:
2145:
1991:
1954:
1866:
1861:
1846:
1729:
1624:
1554:
346:
229:
and are only occasionally available as table grapes, especially in
210:
130:
2075:
233:. They are the usual grapes used in the jelly for the traditional
2808:
2614:
2365:
2218:
2193:
2120:
1856:
1669:
1474:
627:
2843:
1969:
57:
3284:
3229:
2773:
2736:
2360:
2248:
2243:
1639:
1539:
747:
308:
Exhibition. It was then introduced to the market in 1854. Dr.
2557:
2273:
2228:
2198:
794:
462:
The wine project : Washington State's winemaking history
418:
416:
134:
41:
1825:
1781:
164:
597:"The 11th Plague? Why People Drink Sweet Wine on Passover"
413:
497:. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from
684:
422:
1794:
547:"Why can't I find Concord grapes in the grocery store?"
217:
in
Washington. They are sometimes found growing wild.
328:, processing 300 tons of grapes into juice in 1897.
151:
and juice grapes. They are often used to make grape
3518:
Bureau of
Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
687:"Genomics Assisted Ancestry Deconvolution in Grape"
287:confirmed that Concord grape has roughly one-third
377:Photographic plate of Concord grape from the book
163:, and candy. The grape is sometimes used to make
3535:
465:. W. J. Clore. Vashon, WA: Sketch Publications.
2859:
2573:
1810:
773:
316:in his house in 1869. Through the process of
304:In 1853, Bull's grape won first place at the
523:. National Grape Association. Archived from
513:
324:. Welch transferred the juice operations to
225:Concord grapes are often used to make grape
269:The Concord grape was developed in 1849 by
143:(also known as fox grape) that are used as
2866:
2852:
2580:
2566:
1817:
1803:
787:
780:
766:
179:is achieved. The grape is named after the
56:
720:
710:
594:
574:. Rutgers University Press. p. 180.
249:. Concord grapes have been used to make
1780:
495:"Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts 2011 Summary"
260:
2758:Clarification and stabilization of wine
588:
14:
3536:
458:
2847:
2561:
1798:
1779:
761:
655:
653:
651:
649:
647:
645:
624:"O-Neh-Da Authentic Sacramental Wine"
426:Vitis - Journal of Grapevine Research
567:
678:
626:. O-Neh-Da Vineyard. Archived from
24:
661:"The History of the Concord Grape"
642:
595:Appelbaum, Yoni (April 14, 2011).
27:Dark blue or purple grape cultivar
25:
3570:
2873:
1842:Annual growth cycle of grapevines
741:
2821:
2529:
1366:
568:Peck, Garrett (August 3, 2009).
370:
354:
338:
235:peanut butter and jelly sandwich
277:. Bull planted seeds from wild
237:, and Concord grape jelly is a
2587:
616:
561:
539:
487:
452:
13:
1:
2784:Glossary of viticulture terms
406:
3513:American Vineyard Foundation
2789:Glossary of winemaking terms
712:10.1371/journal.pone.0080791
312:developed the first Concord
306:Boston Horticultural Society
7:
549:. Concord Grape Association
438:10.5073/vitis.2016.55.53-56
389:
363:Grape Island, Massachusetts
10:
3575:
3501:American Viticultural Area
2709:Yeast assimilable nitrogen
1357:V. zhejiang-adstricta
753:National Grape Cooperative
361:Concord grapes growing on
331:
256:
62:Concord grapes on the vine
3493:
3432:
3382:
3142:
2881:
2817:
2799:History of the wine press
2766:
2750:
2722:
2689:Sparkling wine production
2674:
2656:
2623:
2595:
2523:
2462:
2424:
2319:
2296:
2179:
2066:
2054:
1947:
1875:
1832:
1792:
1375:
1364:
1091:V. lanceolatifoliosa
793:
748:Concord Grape Association
665:Concord Grape Association
110:
98:
88:
75:
67:
55:
39:
34:
3554:Red wine grape varieties
2794:Wine tasting descriptors
2515:Wine tasting descriptors
2444:Phenolic content in wine
2336:Alternative wine closure
1920:Great French Wine Blight
1824:
1196:V. pseudoreticulata
383:Ulysses Prentiss Hedrick
220:
2684:Malolactic fermentation
1154:V. Ă— novae-angliae
459:Irvine, Ronald (1997).
3559:Hybrid grape varieties
3544:Concord, Massachusetts
3407:Twenty-first Amendment
1252:V. shuttleworthii
909:V. bloodworthiana
788:Hybrid grape varieties
379:The Grapes of New York
275:Concord, Massachusetts
266:
201:District of New York,
3549:Table grape varieties
3424:Vine and Olive Colony
2485:Wine and food pairing
1112:V. luochengensis
1105:V. longquanensis
1063:V. jinggangensis
993:V. erythrophylla
527:on September 25, 2012
310:Thomas Bramwell Welch
264:
181:town in Massachusetts
3402:Eighteenth Amendment
2136:Muscat of Alexandria
1336:V. xunyangensis
1315:V. wenchouensis
1224:V. rotundifolia
1168:V. peninsularis
1140:V. mustangensis
1119:V. menghaiensis
1049:V. jacquemontii
1000:V. fengqinensis
951:V. chunganensis
930:V. bryoniifolia
839:V. Ă— andersonii
501:on December 31, 2013
320:, the juice did not
2714:Yeast in winemaking
2666:Carbonic maceration
1350:V. yunnanensis
1266:V. sinocinerea
1245:V. shenxiensis
1238:V. ruyuanensis
1182:V. pilosonerva
1147:V. nesbittiana
1126:V. mengziensis
944:V. Ă— champinii
937:V. californica
923:V. Ă— bourquina
888:V. betulifolia
881:V. berlandieri
703:2013PLoSO...880791S
326:Westfield, New York
243:Methyl anthranilate
68:Color of berry skin
2704:Traditional method
2505:Wine personalities
2209:Cabernet Sauvignon
1329:V. wuhanensis
1280:V. tiliifolia
1273:V. Ă— slavinii
1259:V. silvestrii
1098:V. lincecumii
1056:V. jaegeriana
986:V. Ă— doaniana
972:V. coignetiae
916:V. bourgaeana
825:V. aestivalis
818:V. adenoclada
811:V. acerifolia
271:Ephraim Wales Bull
267:
3531:
3530:
3344:St. Vincent grape
2841:
2840:
2835:
2834:
2605:Late harvest wine
2555:
2554:
2292:
2291:
2189:Alicante Bouschet
1937:Judgment of Paris
1773:
1772:
1740:Triomphe d'Alsace
1575:Lakemont seedless
1287:V. treleasei
1231:V. rupestris
1217:V. romanetii
1175:V. piasezkii
1133:V. monticola
1028:V. hancockii
1007:V. ficifolia
867:V. bashanica
853:V. balansana
846:V. arizonica
832:V. amurensis
581:978-0-8135-4849-4
159:, grape-flavored
133:derived from the
123:
122:
16:(Redirected from
3566:
3225:Gamay Beaujolais
2868:
2861:
2854:
2845:
2844:
2826:
2825:
2582:
2575:
2568:
2559:
2558:
2534:
2533:
2449:Proteins in wine
2116:GrĂĽner Veltliner
2064:
2063:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1796:
1795:
1777:
1776:
1370:
1322:V. wilsonae
1301:V. vinifera
1203:V. retordii
1189:V. popenoei
1077:V. labrusca
1035:V. heyneana
1021:V. girdiana
1014:V. flexuosa
895:V. biformis
782:
775:
768:
759:
758:
735:
734:
724:
714:
682:
676:
675:
673:
671:
657:
640:
639:
637:
635:
620:
614:
613:
611:
609:
592:
586:
585:
565:
559:
558:
556:
554:
543:
537:
536:
534:
532:
517:
511:
510:
508:
506:
491:
485:
484:
456:
450:
449:
420:
374:
358:
342:
188:epicuticular wax
60:
49:
44:
32:
31:
21:
3574:
3573:
3569:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3563:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3527:
3489:
3428:
3378:
3307:Rogers' Hybrids
3143:Grape cultivars
3138:
2877:
2872:
2842:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2828:Wine portal
2820:
2813:
2804:History of wine
2762:
2746:
2718:
2670:
2652:
2633:Deacidification
2619:
2591:
2586:
2556:
2551:
2536:Wine portal
2528:
2519:
2458:
2420:
2325:
2315:
2288:
2175:
2156:Sauvignon blanc
2091:Cayetana blanca
2059:
2057:grape varieties
2050:
1943:
1871:
1828:
1823:
1788:
1774:
1769:
1685:Rogers' Hybrids
1605:Marechal Joffre
1540:Himrod seedless
1435:Cabernet Cortis
1377:Notable hybrids
1371:
1362:
1308:V. vulpina
1210:V. riparia
1161:V. palmata
1084:V. Ă— labruscana
979:V. davidii
965:V. cinerea
958:V. chungii
902:V. blancoi
874:V. bellula
860:V. barbata
789:
786:
744:
739:
738:
683:
679:
669:
667:
659:
658:
643:
633:
631:
630:on May 10, 2009
622:
621:
617:
607:
605:
593:
589:
582:
566:
562:
552:
550:
545:
544:
540:
530:
528:
521:"Concord grape"
519:
518:
514:
504:
502:
493:
492:
488:
473:
457:
453:
421:
414:
409:
392:
385:
375:
366:
359:
350:
343:
334:
285:Genetic testing
259:
223:
209:, Southwestern
167:, particularly
155:, grape juice,
100:Notable regions
63:
47:
40:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3572:
3562:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3497:
3495:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3436:
3434:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3426:
3421:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3394:
3388:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3304:
3299:
3298:
3297:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3146:
3144:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3084:South Carolina
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3049:North Carolina
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2878:
2871:
2870:
2863:
2856:
2848:
2839:
2838:
2833:
2832:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2770:
2768:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2754:
2752:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2728:
2726:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2694:Sugars in wine
2691:
2686:
2680:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2662:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2650:
2645:
2643:Chaptalization
2640:
2635:
2629:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2601:
2599:
2593:
2592:
2585:
2584:
2577:
2570:
2562:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2470:Classification
2466:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2454:Sugars in wine
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2430:
2428:
2426:Wine chemistry
2422:
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2419:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2401:Wine dispenser
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
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2317:
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2308:
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2300:
2294:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2204:Cabernet Franc
2201:
2196:
2191:
2185:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2171:Welschriesling
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2126:MĂĽller-Thurgau
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2072:
2070:
2061:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1978:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1929:
1924:
1923:
1922:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1893:Ancient Greece
1890:
1881:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1859:
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1844:
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1814:
1807:
1799:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1760:Villard grapes
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1565:L'Acadie blanc
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1430:Cabernet blanc
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1381:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1353:
1346:
1343:V. Yeshanensis
1339:
1332:
1325:
1318:
1311:
1304:
1297:
1290:
1283:
1276:
1269:
1262:
1255:
1248:
1241:
1234:
1227:
1220:
1213:
1206:
1199:
1192:
1185:
1178:
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1157:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1129:
1122:
1115:
1108:
1101:
1094:
1087:
1080:
1073:
1070:V. Kelungensis
1066:
1059:
1052:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1024:
1017:
1010:
1003:
996:
989:
982:
975:
968:
961:
954:
947:
940:
933:
926:
919:
912:
905:
898:
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762:
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743:
742:External links
740:
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736:
697:(11): e80791.
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318:pasteurization
290:Vitis vinifera
280:Vitis labrusca
258:
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239:staple product
222:
219:
177:fruit ripeness
140:Vitis labrusca
121:
120:
115:
108:
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102:
96:
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90:
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85:
81:Vitis labrusca
77:
73:
72:
69:
65:
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61:
53:
52:
37:
36:
26:
18:Concord grapes
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3571:
3560:
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3389:
3387:
3385:
3381:
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3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3364:Valvin muscat
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
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3310:
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3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3170:Black Spanish
3168:
3166:
3165:Blanc du Bois
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3141:
3135:
3132:
3130:
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3124:West Virginia
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3112:
3110:
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3029:New Hampshire
3027:
3025:
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3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2989:Massachusetts
2987:
2985:
2982:
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2977:
2975:
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2900:
2897:
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2884:
2882:Wine by state
2880:
2876:
2875:American wine
2869:
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2439:Acids in wine
2437:
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2434:Aroma of wine
2432:
2431:
2429:
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2423:
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2299:
2298:Major regions
2295:
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2260:
2257:
2255:
2254:Montepulciano
2252:
2250:
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2245:
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2240:
2237:
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2232:
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2227:
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2222:
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2200:
2197:
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2178:
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2159:
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2149:
2147:
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2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
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2129:
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2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
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2065:
2062:
2058:
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2027:
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2022:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2010:
2008:
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2003:
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1995:
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1745:Valvin muscat
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1700:Seibel grapes
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1600:Marechal Foch
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1468:
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1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1420:Blanc du Bois
1418:
1416:
1415:Black Spanish
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1411:
1408:
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1403:
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1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
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1298:
1296:
1295:
1294:V. tsoii
1291:
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127:Concord grape
119:
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105:United States
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93:United States
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38:
35:Concord grape
33:
30:
19:
3494:Other topics
3475:South Dakota
3412:Volstead Act
3270:Minnesota 78
3189:
3180:Cayuga White
3089:South Dakota
3079:Rhode Island
3074:Pennsylvania
3054:North Dakota
2819:
2676:Fermentation
2527:
2510:Wine tasting
2131:Muscat blanc
2101:Chenin blanc
1898:Ancient Rome
1765:Zarya severa
1710:Seyval blanc
1495:Couderc noir
1484:
1455:Cayuga White
1356:
1349:
1342:
1335:
1328:
1321:
1314:
1307:
1300:
1293:
1286:
1279:
1272:
1265:
1258:
1251:
1244:
1237:
1230:
1223:
1216:
1209:
1202:
1195:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1167:
1160:
1153:
1146:
1139:
1132:
1125:
1118:
1111:
1104:
1097:
1090:
1083:
1076:
1069:
1062:
1055:
1048:
1041:
1034:
1027:
1020:
1013:
1006:
999:
992:
985:
978:
971:
964:
957:
950:
943:
936:
929:
922:
915:
908:
901:
894:
887:
880:
873:
866:
859:
852:
845:
838:
831:
824:
817:
810:
800:
796:
694:
690:
680:
670:December 30,
668:. Retrieved
664:
634:December 30,
632:. Retrieved
628:the original
618:
606:. Retrieved
602:The Atlantic
600:
590:
570:
563:
551:. Retrieved
541:
529:. Retrieved
525:the original
515:
503:. Retrieved
499:the original
489:
461:
454:
432:(2): 53–56.
429:
425:
378:
303:
299:SSR analysis
288:
278:
268:
224:
207:Lake Ontario
199:Finger Lakes
196:
185:
145:table grapes
138:
126:
124:
79:
46:
29:
3440:New England
3397:Prohibition
3374:Vidal blanc
3339:Scuppernong
3290:Olmo grapes
3255:La Crescent
3004:Mississippi
2919:Connecticut
2779:Wine bottle
2751:Other steps
2742:Wine cellar
2699:SĂĽssreserve
2391:Wine cellar
2381:Wine bottle
2322:accessories
2320:Packaging,
2279:Tempranillo
1908:Noah's wine
1888:Phoenicians
1834:Viticulture
1750:Vidal blanc
1715:Seyval noir
1675:Ravat blanc
1650:Olmo grapes
1630:Muscat bleu
1590:LĂ©on Millot
1585:Landot noir
1580:Landal noir
1460:Chambourcin
1042:V. hui
608:November 4,
401:Scuppernong
314:grape juice
251:kosher wine
231:New England
173:kosher wine
169:sacramental
161:soft drinks
149:wine grapes
3538:Categories
3470:New Mexico
3465:New Jersey
3392:California
3354:Traminette
3205:Corot noir
3119:Washington
3039:New Mexico
3034:New Jersey
2909:California
2658:Maceration
2648:Wine press
2638:Destemming
2589:Winemaking
2495:Wine fraud
2490:Wine fault
2475:Oenophilia
2411:Wine label
2406:Wine glass
2371:Port tongs
2269:Sangiovese
2264:Pinot noir
2224:Douce noir
2151:Rkatsiteli
2096:Chardonnay
2086:Catarratto
2060:by acreage
2034:Biodynamic
1997:Aromatized
1786:winemaking
1735:Traminette
1515:Flot rouge
1500:De Chaunac
1490:Corot noir
1465:Chancellor
1425:Breidecker
1400:Baco blanc
553:October 8,
531:October 8,
505:October 8,
407:References
381:, 1908 by
213:, and the
192:black spot
157:grape pies
3349:St. Pepin
3327:Massasoit
3265:Marquette
3260:La Crosse
3240:Jaeger 70
3235:Ives noir
3220:Frontenac
3215:Edelweiss
3195:Chardonel
3150:Alexander
3129:Wisconsin
3094:Tennessee
2999:Minnesota
2974:Louisiana
2610:Noble rot
2500:Winemaker
2480:Sommelier
2416:Wine rack
2396:Wine cork
2386:Wine cave
2376:Screw cap
2346:Corkscrew
2311:New World
2306:Old World
2284:Zinfandel
2259:Mourvèdre
2166:Trebbiano
2106:Colombard
2007:Noble rot
1987:Fortified
1965:Sparkling
1932:New World
1725:St. Pepin
1615:Massasoit
1610:Marquette
1595:Malverina
1570:La Crosse
1550:Jaeger 70
1545:Ives noir
1520:Frontenac
1505:Edelweiss
1470:Chardonel
1405:Baco noir
1390:Alexander
396:Muscadine
247:communion
203:Lake Erie
3523:Meritage
3485:Virginia
3460:Missouri
3450:Illinois
3433:Wineries
3417:Vine-Glo
3369:Vignoles
3359:Thomcord
3250:Lakemont
3245:Kay Gray
3210:Delaware
3114:Virginia
3064:Oklahoma
3044:New York
3019:Nebraska
3009:Missouri
2994:Michigan
2984:Maryland
2969:Kentucky
2949:Illinois
2924:Delaware
2914:Colorado
2904:Arkansas
2625:Pressing
2547:Glossary
2463:Industry
2356:Jug wine
2351:Decanter
2341:Box wine
2239:Isabella
2234:Grenache
2214:Carignan
2161:SĂ©millon
2146:Riesling
2141:Palomino
1884:Ancient
1867:Vineyard
1862:Veraison
1847:Oenology
1755:Vignoles
1730:Thomcord
1625:Merzling
1555:Kay Gray
1535:Hibernal
731:24244717
691:PLOS ONE
481:37862425
446:87513053
390:See also
347:verjuice
211:Michigan
137:species
131:cultivar
3384:History
3322:Herbert
3295:Royalty
3275:Niagara
3200:Clinton
3190:Concord
3185:Cassady
3175:Catawba
3134:Wyoming
3109:Vermont
3014:Montana
2954:Indiana
2934:Georgia
2929:Florida
2899:Arizona
2889:Alabama
2809:Terroir
2767:Related
2615:Vintage
2597:Harvest
2542:Outline
2366:Muselet
2328:storage
2219:Cinsaut
2194:Barbera
2121:Macabeo
2081:Aligoté
2039:Organic
2029:Natural
1982:Dessert
1927:Georgia
1877:History
1857:Terroir
1852:Species
1720:Solaris
1705:Severny
1695:Royalty
1670:Plantet
1665:Phoenix
1635:Niagara
1530:Herbert
1485:Concord
1480:Clinton
1475:Chelois
1450:Catawba
1445:Cassady
1440:Cascade
801:species
795:Grape (
722:3823699
699:Bibcode
332:Gallery
322:ferment
295:Catawba
257:History
76:Species
3455:Kansas
3317:Goethe
3285:Noiret
3280:Norton
3230:Himrod
3155:Agawam
3069:Oregon
3024:Nevada
2964:Kansas
2939:Hawaii
2894:Alaska
2774:Winery
2737:Solera
2361:Kvevri
2249:Merlot
2244:Malbec
2044:Kosher
2020:Other
1975:Orange
1948:Styles
1915:France
1645:Norton
1640:Noiret
1620:Melody
1525:Goethe
1395:Aurore
1385:Agawam
729:
719:
578:
479:
469:
444:
114:number
89:Origin
84:hybrid
3445:Idaho
3332:Requa
3312:Flora
3302:Onaka
3099:Texas
2979:Maine
2944:Idaho
2724:Aging
2274:Syrah
2229:Gamay
2199:Bobal
2111:Glera
2076:Airén
2068:White
2024:Table
2012:Straw
2002:Fruit
1960:White
1903:China
1782:Wines
1690:Rondo
1680:Requa
1660:Orion
1655:Onaka
1560:Kyoho
1510:Flora
797:Vitis
442:S2CID
227:jelly
221:Usage
153:jelly
135:grape
129:is a
48:Vitis
42:Grape
3506:list
3480:Utah
3160:Beta
3104:Utah
3059:Ohio
2959:Iowa
2326:and
2055:Top
1970:Rosé
1826:Wine
1784:and
1410:Beta
727:PMID
672:2012
636:2012
610:2011
576:ISBN
555:2012
533:2012
507:2012
477:OCLC
467:ISBN
171:and
165:wine
125:The
118:2801
112:VIVC
71:Noir
2732:Oak
2181:Red
1992:Ice
1955:Red
717:PMC
707:doi
434:doi
273:in
3540::
799:)
725:.
715:.
705:.
693:.
689:.
663:.
644:^
599:.
475:.
440:.
430:55
428:.
415:^
301:.
205:,
194:.
147:,
2867:e
2860:t
2853:v
2581:e
2574:t
2567:v
2324:,
1818:e
1811:t
1804:v
781:e
774:t
767:v
733:.
709::
701::
695:8
674:.
638:.
612:.
584:.
557:.
535:.
509:.
483:.
448:.
436::
365:.
349:.
51:)
45:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
