469:. Visual systems developed in flight simulators were also an important precursor to three dimensional computer graphics and Computer Generated Imagery (CGI) systems today. Namely because the object of flight simulation was to reproduce on the ground the behavior of an aircraft in flight. Much of this reproduction had to do with believable visual synthesis that mimicked reality. The Link Digital Image Generator (DIG) by the Singer Company (Singer-Link), was considered one of the worlds first generation CGI systems. It was a real-time, 3D capable, day/dusk/night system that was used by NASA shuttles, for F-111s, Black Hawk and the B-52. Link's Digital Image Generator had architecture to provide a visual system that realistically corresponded with the view of the pilot. The basic archictecture of the DIG and subsequent improvements contained a scene manager followed by geometric processor, video processor and into the display with the end goal of a visual system that processed realistic texture, shading, translucency capabilties, and free of aliasing.
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589:(which provides animated movies of buildings, rather than interactive images) can also be used to see the possible relationship a building will have in relation to the environment and its surrounding buildings. The processing of architectural spaces without the use of paper and pencil tools is now a widely accepted practice with a number of computer-assisted architectural design systems.
74:
849:. This representation is then rendered as a displayable image. As the user interacts with the system (e.g. by using joystick controls to change their position within the virtual world) the raw data is fed through the pipeline to create a new rendered image, often making real-time computational efficiency a key consideration in such applications.
473:
consisting of planar polygons. Advances in algorithms and electronics in flight simulator visual systems and CGI in the 1970s and 1980s influenced many technologies still used in modern CGI adding the ability to superimpose texture over the surfaces as well as transition imagery from one level of detail to the next one in a smooth manner.
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The lack of anatomically correct digital models contributes to the necessity of motion capture as it is used with computer-generated imagery. Because computer-generated imagery reflects only the outside, or skin, of the object being rendered, it fails to capture the infinitesimally small interactions
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like speaking. The constant motion of the face as it makes sounds with shaped lips and tongue movement, along with the facial expressions that go along with speaking are difficult to replicate by hand. Motion capture can catch the underlying movement of facial muscles and better replicate the visual
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effect. This effect refers to the human ability to recognize things that look eerily like humans, but are slightly off. Such ability is a fault with normal computer-generated imagery which, due to the complex anatomy of the human body, can often fail to replicate it perfectly. Artists can use motion
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Computer-generated imagery has been used in courtrooms, primarily since the early 2000s. However, some experts have argued that it is prejudicial. They are used to help judges or the jury to better visualize the sequence of events, evidence or hypothesis. However, a 1997 study showed that people are
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Architectural modeling tools allow an architect to visualize a space and perform "walk-throughs" in an interactive manner, thus providing "interactive environments" both at the urban and building levels. Specific applications in architecture not only include the specification of building structures
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pitches also display sponsored images. Swimming telecasts often add a line across the lanes to indicate the position of the current record holder as a race proceeds to allow viewers to compare the current race to the best performance. Other examples include hockey puck tracking and annotations of
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It has now become common in weather casting to display full motion video of images captured in real-time from multiple cameras and other imaging devices. Coupled with 3D graphics symbols and mapped to a common virtual geospatial model, these animated visualizations constitute the first true
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Combined with the need to pair virtual synthesis with military level training requirements, CGI technologies applied in flight simulation were often years ahead of what would have been available in commercial computing or even in high budget film. Early CGI systems could depict only objects
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Many specific techniques have been researched and developed to produce highly focused computer-generated effects — e.g., the use of specific models to represent the chemical weathering of stones to model erosion and produce an "aged appearance" for a given stone-based surface.
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and repeatedly replaced by a new image which is similar to the previous image, but advanced slightly in the time domain (usually at a rate of 24 or 30 frames/second). This technique is identical to how the illusion of movement is achieved with
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Interactive visualization is the rendering of data that may vary dynamically and allowing a user to view the data from multiple perspectives. The applications areas may vary significantly, ranging from the visualization of the flow patterns in
912:
for crowd scenes, and because it allows the creation of images that would not be feasible using any other technology. It can also allow a single graphic artist to produce such content without the use of actors, expensive set pieces, or props.
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poor intuitive physicists and easily influenced by computer generated images. Thus it is important that jurors and other legal decision-makers be made aware that such exhibits are merely a representation of one potential sequence of events.
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games showing the line the offensive team must cross to receive a first down. CGI is also used in association with football and other sporting events to show commercial advertisements overlaid onto the view of the playing area. Sections of
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is not constrained by the laws of physics. Availability of CGI software and increased computer speeds have allowed individual artists and small companies to produce professional-grade films, games, and fine art from their home computers.
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to better cover the faults that come with CGI and animation. Computer-generated imagery is limited in its practical application by how realistic it can look. Unrealistic, or badly managed computer-generated imagery can result in the
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CGI has become common in sports telecasting. Sports and entertainment venues are provided with see-through and overlay content through tracked camera feeds for enhanced viewing by the audience. Examples include the yellow
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At the abstract level, an interactive visualization process involves a "data pipeline" in which the raw data is managed and filtered to a form that makes it suitable for rendering. This is often called the
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Modern architects use services from computer graphic firms to create 3-dimensional models for both customers and builders. These computer generated models can be more accurate than traditional drawings.
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have developed anatomically correct computer-based models. Computer generated anatomical models can be used both for instructional and operational purposes. To date, a large body of artist produced
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animation of 3D models and frame-by-frame animation of 2D illustrations. Computer generated animations are more controllable than other more physically based processes, such as constructing
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Prior to CGI being prevalent in film, virtual reality, personal computing and gaming, one of the early practical applications of CGI was for aviation and military training, namely the
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Architectural modeling tools have now become increasingly internet-based. However, the quality of internet-based systems still lags behind sophisticated in-house modeling systems.
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only applies to dynamic images that resemble a movie. However, in general, the term computer animation refers to dynamic images that do not allow user interaction, and the term
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In addition to their use in film, advertising and other modes of public display, computer generated images of clothing are now routinely used by top fashion design firms.
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In some applications, computer-generated images are used to "reverse engineer" historical buildings. For instance, a computer-generated reconstruction of the monastery at
3322:
686:, the construction of a detailed patient-specific model can be used to carefully plan the surgery. These three-dimensional models are usually extracted from multiple
1123:
Weather visualizations were the first application of CGI in television. One of the first companies to offer computer systems for generating weather graphics was
553:
map with varying levels of height can be created using relatively straightforward fractal algorithms. Some typical, easy-to-program fractals used in CGI are the
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292:) or dynamic (i.e. moving images). CGI both refers to 2D computer graphics and (more frequently) 3D computer graphics with the purpose of designing characters,
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in
Germany was derived from the ruins of the monastery, yet provides the viewer with a "look and feel" of what the building would have looked like in its day.
1031:, which produces an image conditioned on that representation. The most effective models have generally been trained on massive amounts of image and text data
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representations, although other forms are possible (auditory and touch sensations for example). Some, but not all, virtual worlds allow for multiple users.
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applications. The data rendered may correspond to specific visual scenes that change as the user interacts with the system — e.g. simulators, such as
1995:
Cook, A.D. (2009). A case study of the manifestations and significance of social presence in a multi-user virtual environment. MEd Thesis. Available
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to inhabit and interact, and the term today has become largely synonymous with interactive 3D virtual environments, where the users take the form of
593:(such as walls and windows) and walk-throughs but the effects of light and how sunlight will affect a specific design at different times of the day.
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Palomäki, Jussi; Kunnari, Anton; Drosinou, Marianna; Koverola, Mika; Lehtonen, Noora; Halonen, Juho; Repo, Marko; Laakasuo, Michael (2018-11-01).
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capture to get footage of a human performing an action and then replicate it perfectly with computer-generated imagery so that it looks normal.
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a three-dimensional model is automatically produced from many single-slice x-rays, producing "computer generated image". Applications involving
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in the opening credits of the film. The first feature film to make use of CGI with live action in the storyline of the film was the 1973 film
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Unique and personal histories of early computer graphics production, plus a comprehensive foundation of the industry for all reading levels.
845:. The visualization data is then mapped to a "visualization representation" that can be fed to a rendering system. This is usually called a
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racing car performance and snooker ball trajectories. Sometimes CGI on TV with correct alignment to the real world has been referred to as
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may be achieved not only by adding noise as new nodes are created but by adding additional noise at multiple levels of the mesh. Thus a
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To date, making the clothing of a digital character automatically fold in a natural way remains a challenge for many animators.
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In modern medical applications, patient-specific models are constructed in 'computer assisted surgery'. For instance, in total
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also bring together a number of "snapshots" (in this case via magnetic pulses) to produce a composite, internal image.
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Suminski, Leonard and, Hulin, Paul (September 26, 1980). "Computer
Generated Imagery Current Technology".
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Not only do animated images form part of computer-generated imagery; natural looking landscapes (such as
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that includes all the course materials and extensive supplementary materials (videos, articles, links).
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Kassin, S. M. (1997). "Computer-animated
Display and the Jury: Facilitative and Prejudicial Effects".
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of the appropriate parts of the patient's own anatomy. Such models can also be used for planning
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The first feature film to use CGI as well as the composition of live-action film with CGI was
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is not a computer generated image, even if digitized. However, in applications which involve
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Arti AR highlights at SRX -- the first sports augmented reality live from a moving car!
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Halverson, Dave (December 2005). "Anime
Reviews: The Professional Golgo 13".
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Hey, hockey puck! NHL PrePlay adds a second-screen experience to live games
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Patient
Specific Models for Minimally Invasive Aortic Valve Implantation
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openings can vary greatly from patient to patient, the extraction (from
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are not always anatomically correct. However, organizations such as the
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1392:"Last Starfighter sequel is super close to happening, says Gary Whitta"
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allowing users to interact with artificially animated characters (e.g
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1971:"All these images were generated by Google's latest text-to-image AI"
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1327:"Vicious Circle: John Whitney and the Military Origins of Early CGI"
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An image conditioned on the prompt "an astronaut riding a horse, by
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Computer animation is essentially a digital successor to the art of
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by Elena van
Zudilova-Seinstra, Tony Adriaansen, Robert Liere 2008
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Designing clothes: culture and organization of the fashion industry
1671:
Interactive environments with open-source software: 3D walkthroughs
1132:
1128:
1010:
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837:, make extensive use of CGI techniques for representing the world.
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1357:"14 groundbreaking movies that took special effects to new levels"
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Application of computer graphics to create or contribute to images
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To create the illusion of movement, an image is displayed on the
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A computer-generated image featuring a house at sunset, made in
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Flight
Simulation (Cambridge Aerospace Series, Series Number 1)
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is the industry standard commercial digital photo editing tool.
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is the first entirely computer animated film, released in 1995.
288:, videos and video games. These images are either static (i.e.
53:
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2279:
Peitgen, Heinz-Otto; JĂĽrgens, Hartmut; Saupe, Dietmar (2004).
1736:
Encyclopedia of
Multimedia Technology and Networking, Volume 1
1555:"Advances in Computer-Generated Imagery for Flight Simulation"
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description and produces an image matching that description.
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method, relying on the construction of some special case of a
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Advances in
Computer and Information Sciences and Engineering
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Computer-generated imagery is often used in conjunction with
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While computer-generated images of landscapes may be static,
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2149:"Evaluating the replicability of the uncanny valley effect"
2001:
1482:"Computer Graphics and Animation: A Retrospective Overview"
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continue to be used by medical students, such as images by
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Light Shadow Space: Architectural
Rendering with Cinema 4D
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by Johan Bellemans, Michael D. Ries, Jan M.K. Victor 2005
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Interac storytelling: First Joint International Conference
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Mathematical optimization in computer graphics and vision
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implantations, one of the common procedures for treating
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2013:
698:. Given that the shape, diameter, and position of the
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2354:
A Critical History of Computer Graphics and Animation
1886:
by Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann and Daniel Thalmann, 2004
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computer, with later models from ColorGraphics using
1380:. No. 48. United States of America. p. 92.
958:, a large-scale text-to-image model released in 2022
1090:) or with other physical users, through the use of
1005:—began to be considered to approach the quality of
897:is used for the interactive animated environments.
637:image generated by a computer from a collection of
375:. Other early films that incorporated CGI include
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2429:
2032:Computer-generated images influence trial results
1804:and Computer-Assisted Intervention -- MICCAI 2010
5354:
2217:; Steedman, Mark; Badler, Norman (1991-06-01).
1906:by Luiz Velho, Paulo Cezar Pinto Carvalho 2008
1441:Rolfe, J. M. and Staples, K.J. (May 27, 1988).
491:
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1929:GPU-based interactive visualization techniques
1497:U.S. Army Project Manager for Training Devices
808:bidirectional scattering distribution function
4832:
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2964:
2415:
2364:CG101: A Computer Graphics Industry Reference
1127:in 1979 with the "LiveLine", based around an
476:The evolution of CGI led to the emergence of
250:
2385:"History Gets A Computer Graphics Make-Over"
2281:Chaos and Fractals: New Frontiers of Science
2243:3-D Sound for Virtual Reality and Multimedia
1962:
1538:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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742:The geometric macroscopic features of cloth.
2262:Communication in the Age of Virtual Reality
1924:
1922:
1920:
1420:. Cambridge University Press. p. 134.
1197:between interlocking muscle groups used in
365:, which used abstract computer graphics by
4839:
4825:
4481:
4467:
4143:
4129:
3651:
3637:
3323:
3309:
2971:
2957:
2921:
2901:
2422:
2408:
2297:
2259:
2007:
1658:
739:The mechanics of continuous elastic sheets
650:Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute
257:
243:
72:
2381:, by Anne Thompson, Wired, February 2005.
2283:. Springer Science & Business Media.
2190:
2172:
1758:by Ulrike Spierling, Nicolas Szilas 2008
1375:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1023:, which transforms the input text into a
783:The finest visible features such as fine
756:images involves three levels of realism:
3658:
3455:Ports of Unix-like utilities for Windows
2223:Center for Human Modeling and Simulation
1917:
1524:Yan, Johnson K. and, Florence, Judit K.
1445:. New York: Cambridge University Press.
1151:" line seen in television broadcasts of
1066:
1049:
945:
868:
814:Interactive simulation and visualization
713:
709:
628:
572:
505:
451:
29:
2278:
2240:
2219:"Linguistic Issues in Facial Animation"
2019:
1968:
1673:by Wolfgang Höhl, Wolfgang Höhl, 2008,
1631:Digital modeling of material appearance
1596:
1479:
1416:Jankel, A.; Morton, R. (Nov 15, 1984).
932:
568:
14:
5355:
2043:
2037:
1484:. Ohio State University. p. 13.2.
1344:
1324:
1094:. Virtual worlds are intended for its
779:in resembling its response to actions.
732:The geometric-mechanical structure at
718:Computer-generated wet fur created in
480:in the 1990s, where the vision of the
4820:
4462:
4124:
3632:
3304:
2952:
2403:
2260:Biocca, Frank; Levy, Mark R. (1995).
1826:by Donald House, David E. Breen 2000
852:
3609:Windows Interface Source Environment
2978:
2115:Recent Advances in Augmented Reality
606:
323:
4488:
4150:
3570:Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL 2)
3391:Development environments and shells
3378:Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL 1)
1949:Trends in interactive visualization
1552:
1015:Text-to-image models are generally
810:(BSDF) over the target's surfaces.
24:
5322:Los Angeles Center for Digital Art
5034:Generative artificial intelligence
1265:digital photo editing application.
728:generally fall into three groups:
644:Computer generated models used in
525:) are also generated via computer
25:
5384:
3484:Windows runtime environments for
2318:
2034:The Conversation, 31 October 2013
1526:"MODULAR DIGITAL IMAGE GENERATOR"
1369:
1271:DIY CGI optimized for soft models
1172:
1039:
4804:
3543:Platform virtualization software
2920:
2911:
2910:
2900:
1325:Ozturk, Selen (March 15, 2023).
1202:that goes along with the audio.
1109:
938:This section is an excerpt from
883:films are, by nature, CGI films.
327:
4846:
2611:Electric Image Animation System
2264:. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
2207:
2140:
2123:
2074:
2025:
1989:
1969:Vincent, James (May 24, 2022).
1942:
1897:
1877:
1857:
1837:
1817:
1789:
1769:
1749:
1729:
1709:
1684:
1664:
1624:
1602:
1546:
1480:Carlson, Wayne (20 June 2017).
1238:List of computer-animated films
390:Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan
1528:. United States Patent Office.
1523:
1517:
1488:
1473:
1434:
1409:
1384:
1318:
804:bidirectional texture function
13:
1:
2391:, BBC World News (2004-11-19)
2174:10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00939
1806:edited by Tianzi Jiang, 2010
1306:
1125:ColorGraphics Weather Systems
981:, as a result of advances in
865:History of computer animation
799:. Skin can be modeled as a 7-
5307:Austin Museum of Digital Art
2344:Resources in other libraries
1824:Cloth modeling and animation
1692:"Light: The art of exposure"
1553:Yan, Johnson (August 1985).
1311:
1135:computers fitted with their
908:for effects shots or hiring
492:Static images and landscapes
7:
4954:Artificial intelligence art
4924:Fractal-generating software
2468:GigaMesh Software Framework
2241:Begault, Durand R. (1994).
1641:, François X. Sillion 2007
1300:Virtual Physiological Human
1280:Real-time computer graphics
1218:Cinema Research Corporation
1205:
1104:three-dimensional graphical
847:"renderable representation"
773:in resembling its movements
752:The challenge in rendering
420:Terminator 2: Judgement Day
176:Computer-generated imagery
10:
5389:
4749:Computer-generated imagery
4409:Computer-generated imagery
3951:Unchained camera technique
3272:Mathematical visualization
3247:Computer-generated imagery
2330:Computer-generated imagery
2298:Sondermann, Horst (2008).
2233:
1884:Handbook of Virtual Humans
1738:by Margherita Pagani 2005
1418:Creative Computer Graphics
1331:Bright Lights Film Journal
1176:
1143:application of CGI to TV.
1071:Metallic balls created in
1043:
937:
862:
856:
817:
791:are the size of about 100
677:magnetic resonance imaging
610:
495:
396:Golgo 13: The Professional
319:
270:Computer-generated imagery
18:Computer generated imagery
5287:
5243:
5117:
4941:
4911:
4861:
4854:
4719:
4599:
4496:
4379:
4259:
4158:
4114:
4064:
4021:
3943:
3881:
3836:
3829:
3788:
3779:
3739:
3666:
3589:
3582:
3550:
3541:
3493:
3483:
3461:
3454:
3397:
3390:
3368:Windows Services for UNIX
3363:Microsoft POSIX subsystem
3353:
3343:
3285:
3239:
3198:
3165:
3145:
3109:
3102:
3081:
3050:
3009:
2986:
2896:
2830:
2749:
2531:
2438:
2395:NIH Visible Human Gallery
2356:– a course page at
2339:Resources in your library
1119:Broadcast and live events
820:Interactive visualization
806:(BTF) or a collection of
5271:Listening Post (artwork)
3503:Willows Toolkit for UNIX
3267:Iterated function system
2118:Computers & Graphics
1931:by Daniel Weiskopf 2006
1866:by Veronica Manlow 2007
1611:by Mark A. DeLoura 2001
5342:V&A Digital Futures
5079:Photograph manipulation
2858:Open Cascade Technology
2058:10.1023/a:1024838715221
1802:Medical Image Computing
1776:Total Knee Arthroplasty
1609:Game programming gems 2
1571:10.1109/MCG.1985.276213
1017:latent diffusion models
587:Architectural animation
4541:Dead-character costume
4202:Dead-character costume
2046:Law and Human Behavior
2008:Biocca & Levy 1995
1275:Ray tracing (graphics)
1078:A virtual world is an
1075:
1064:
1029:generative image model
968:machine learning model
959:
884:
722:
641:
635:CT pulmonary angiogram
581:
557:and the more dramatic
518:
478:virtual cinematography
462:
160:Virtual cinematography
64:Three-dimensional (3D)
57:
5312:Computer Arts Society
3873:multiple-camera setup
2358:Ohio State University
1139:video graphics card.
1084:simulated environment
1070:
1053:
1025:latent representation
970:which takes an input
949:
879:
831:computer aided design
717:
710:Cloth and skin images
632:
617:Visible Human Project
576:
539:midpoint displacement
509:
455:
446:Adventures in Success
408:Young Sherlock Holmes
378:Star Wars: Episode IV
125:Computer-aided design
50:Watermans Arts Centre
33:
5200:Hamid Naderi Yeganeh
5175:Lynn Hershman Leeson
5009:Digital architecture
4984:Digital illustration
4919:Graphic art software
4634:Infrared photography
4294:Infrared photography
3660:Cinematic techniques
3206:Burning Ship fractal
2431:3D computer graphics
2302:. Vienna: Springer.
2215:Pelachaud, Catherine
1844:Film and photography
1033:scraped from the web
983:deep neural networks
933:Text-to-image models
843:"visualization data"
625:Living Human Project
569:Architectural scenes
543:Sierpinski triangles
402:The Last Starfighter
5074:Music visualization
4999:Digital photography
3252:Fractal compression
3175:MojoWorld Generator
3137:Wolfram Mathematica
2767:Cyber Studio CAD-3D
2503:Point Cloud Library
2245:. AP Professional.
2165:2018Heliy...400939P
1846:by Ian Graham 2003
1795:I. Waechter et al.
1718:by Tarek Sobh 2008
1599:, pp. 462–466.
964:text-to-image model
940:Text-to-image model
767:at the static level
763:in resembling real
226:Global illumination
150:Virtual engineering
40:computer-generated
5220:Ben Rubin (artist)
5165:Desmond Paul Henry
4964:Computer art scene
4929:Animation software
4684:Tilted plane focus
4624:Forced perspective
4531:Costumed character
4516:Air bladder effect
4344:Tilted plane focus
4284:Forced perspective
4192:Costumed character
4177:Air bladder effect
3796:Wide / Long / Full
2762:Autodesk Softimage
1248:Parallel rendering
1233:Animation database
1076:
1065:
1019:, which combine a
960:
890:computer animation
885:
859:Computer animation
853:Computer animation
723:
646:skeletal animation
642:
582:
523:fractal landscapes
519:
463:
435:(1995). The first
339:. You can help by
310:computer animation
58:
5350:
5349:
5230:Camille Utterback
5180:Zachary Lieberman
5150:Stephanie Dinkins
4937:
4936:
4792:
4791:
4669:SchĂĽfftan process
4649:Multiple exposure
4561:Prosthetic makeup
4456:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4329:SchĂĽfftan process
4309:Multiple exposure
4222:Prosthetic makeup
4110:
4109:
4087:Freeze-frame shot
4072:Establishing shot
3939:
3938:
3846:Over-the-shoulder
3626:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3578:
3577:
3555:Cooperative Linux
3537:
3536:
3479:
3478:
3450:
3449:
3386:
3385:
3298:
3297:
3257:Fractal landscape
3167:Scenery generator
3161:
3160:
2996:Graphics software
2946:
2945:
2831:Core technologies
2581:Blackmagic Fusion
2576:AutoQ3D Community
2325:Library resources
2309:978-3-211-48761-7
2290:978-0-387-20229-7
2271:978-0-8058-1549-8
2252:978-0-1208-4735-8
2010:, pp. 40–44.
1199:fine motor skills
1167:augmented reality
1153:American football
997:, Stability AI's
877:
835:flight simulators
667:A single patient
607:Anatomical models
512:fractal landscape
502:Scenery generator
498:Fractal landscape
357:
356:
267:
266:
66:computer graphics
16:(Redirected from
5380:
5278:Remember To Rise
5252:Edmond de Belamy
5244:Notable artworks
5235:Pindar Van Arman
5170:Mario Klingemann
5039:Generative music
5019:Evolutionary art
5014:Electronic music
4994:Digital painting
4859:
4858:
4841:
4834:
4827:
4818:
4817:
4809:
4808:
4800:
4769:Optical printing
4644:Lighting effects
4629:Front projection
4591:Theatrical blood
4551:Miniature effect
4526:Bullet hit squib
4483:
4476:
4469:
4460:
4459:
4429:Optical printing
4304:Lighting effects
4289:Front projection
4252:Theatrical blood
4212:Miniature effect
4187:Bullet hit squib
4145:
4138:
4131:
4122:
4121:
4065:Other techniques
3854:
3834:
3833:
3830:Camera placement
3786:
3785:
3653:
3646:
3639:
3630:
3629:
3587:
3586:
3548:
3547:
3491:
3490:
3459:
3458:
3407:Hamilton C shell
3395:
3394:
3351:
3350:
3338:interoperability
3325:
3318:
3311:
3302:
3301:
3107:
3106:
3032:Kalles Fraktaler
2980:Fractal software
2973:
2966:
2959:
2950:
2949:
2924:
2923:
2914:
2913:
2904:
2903:
2726:Source Filmmaker
2556:Autodesk 3ds Max
2424:
2417:
2410:
2401:
2400:
2313:
2294:
2275:
2256:
2227:
2226:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2194:
2176:
2144:
2138:
2135:digitalmediawire
2127:
2121:
2120:, November 2001.
2108:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2078:
2072:
2069:
2041:
2035:
2029:
2023:
2017:
2011:
2005:
1999:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1966:
1960:
1946:
1940:
1926:
1915:
1901:
1895:
1881:
1875:
1861:
1855:
1841:
1835:
1821:
1815:
1793:
1787:
1773:
1767:
1753:
1747:
1733:
1727:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1688:
1682:
1668:
1662:
1661:, pp. 8–15.
1656:
1650:
1628:
1622:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1583:
1582:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1537:
1529:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1508:
1500:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1464:
1456:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1394:. Archived from
1388:
1382:
1381:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1353:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1322:
1009:and human-drawn
1007:real photographs
999:Stable Diffusion
972:natural language
956:Stable Diffusion
954:", generated by
878:
777:Function realism
771:Physical realism
684:knee replacement
547:Brownian surface
467:flight simulator
352:
349:
331:
324:
296:, or scenes and
259:
252:
245:
231:Volume rendering
221:Crowd simulation
206:Wire-frame model
179:
76:
60:
59:
21:
5388:
5387:
5383:
5382:
5381:
5379:
5378:
5377:
5368:Special effects
5353:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5317:EVA Conferences
5290:and conferences
5289:
5283:
5239:
5118:Notable artists
5113:
5104:Texture mapping
5069:Motion graphics
5059:Interactive art
4989:Digital imaging
4933:
4907:
4850:
4845:
4815:
4803:
4795:
4793:
4788:
4715:
4674:Shutter effects
4659:Rear projection
4595:
4492:
4490:Special effects
4487:
4457:
4448:
4375:
4334:Shutter effects
4319:Rear projection
4255:
4154:
4152:Special effects
4149:
4120:
4106:
4060:
4017:
3944:Camera movement
3935:
3926:Worm's-eye view
3877:
3852:
3825:
3775:
3735:
3662:
3657:
3627:
3618:
3574:
3533:
3475:
3446:
3382:
3339:
3329:
3299:
3294:
3281:
3235:
3194:
3157:
3141:
3098:
3077:
3046:
3005:
2982:
2977:
2947:
2942:
2892:
2826:
2802:StrataVision 3D
2745:
2686:Pixar RenderMan
2651:Medium by Adobe
2571:Autodesk Mudbox
2527:
2434:
2428:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2333:
2332:
2328:
2321:
2316:
2310:
2291:
2272:
2253:
2236:
2231:
2230:
2212:
2208:
2145:
2141:
2129:Marlow, Chris.
2128:
2124:
2109:
2105:
2097:
2095:
2089:
2086:Wayback Machine
2079:
2075:
2042:
2038:
2030:
2026:
2018:
2014:
2006:
2002:
1994:
1990:
1980:
1978:
1967:
1963:
1947:
1943:
1927:
1918:
1902:
1898:
1882:
1878:
1862:
1858:
1842:
1838:
1822:
1818:
1794:
1790:
1774:
1770:
1754:
1750:
1734:
1730:
1714:
1710:
1701:
1699:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1669:
1665:
1659:Sondermann 2008
1657:
1653:
1639:Holly Rushmeier
1629:
1625:
1607:
1603:
1595:
1586:
1551:
1547:
1531:
1530:
1522:
1518:
1502:
1501:
1493:
1489:
1478:
1474:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1439:
1435:
1428:
1414:
1410:
1401:
1399:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1374:
1370:
1355:
1354:
1345:
1335:
1333:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1208:
1181:
1175:
1121:
1112:
1048:
1042:
1037:
1036:
943:
935:
927:motion pictures
918:computer screen
869:
867:
861:
855:
822:
816:
726:Models of cloth
712:
658:Frank H. Netter
627:
613:Medical imaging
609:
571:
531:triangular mesh
504:
494:
439:to use CGI was
353:
347:
344:
337:needs expansion
322:
298:special effects
263:
211:Texture mapping
177:
155:Virtual reality
65:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5386:
5376:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5363:Visual effects
5348:
5347:
5345:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5293:
5291:
5285:
5284:
5282:
5281:
5274:
5267:
5264:Jesus Dress Up
5260:
5255:
5247:
5245:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5185:Margot Lovejoy
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5121:
5119:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5029:Generative art
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5004:Digital poetry
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4969:Computer music
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4945:
4943:
4939:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4932:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4915:
4913:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4894:
4893:
4888:
4887:
4886:
4876:
4865:
4863:
4856:
4852:
4851:
4844:
4843:
4836:
4829:
4821:
4814:
4813:
4790:
4789:
4787:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4736:
4731:
4725:
4723:
4717:
4716:
4714:
4713:
4708:
4707:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4664:Reverse motion
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4605:
4603:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4581:Matte painting
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4506:Aerial rigging
4502:
4500:
4494:
4493:
4486:
4485:
4478:
4471:
4463:
4454:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4447:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4396:
4391:
4385:
4383:
4377:
4376:
4374:
4373:
4368:
4367:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4324:Reverse motion
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4265:
4263:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4242:Matte painting
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4167:Aerial rigging
4164:
4162:
4156:
4155:
4148:
4147:
4140:
4133:
4125:
4119:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4111:
4108:
4107:
4105:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4068:
4066:
4062:
4061:
4059:
4058:
4053:
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4051:
4046:
4041:
4039:Depth of field
4036:
4025:
4023:
4019:
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4000:
3995:
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3985:
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3851:Point-of-view
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3808:
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3259:
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3241:
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3228:
3226:Mandelbrot set
3223:
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3213:
3211:Jerusalem cube
3208:
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3200:
3196:
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3119:
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3110:Cross-platform
3104:
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3099:
3097:
3096:
3091:
3085:
3083:
3079:
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3060:
3058:Electric Sheep
3054:
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3019:
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2608:
2603:
2598:
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2583:
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2573:
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2561:Autodesk Alias
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2537:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2526:
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2500:
2495:
2490:
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2470:
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2455:
2450:
2448:3D Movie Maker
2444:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2427:
2426:
2419:
2412:
2404:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2382:
2374:
2361:
2347:
2346:
2341:
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2323:
2322:
2320:
2319:External links
2317:
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2308:
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2276:
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2206:
2159:(11): e00939.
2139:
2137:27 April 2012.
2122:
2103:
2073:
2052:(3): 269–281.
2036:
2024:
2022:, p. 212.
2012:
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1988:
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1472:
1452:978-0521357517
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1368:
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1297:
1295:Virtual studio
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1204:
1190:uncanny valley
1185:motion capture
1179:Motion capture
1177:Main article:
1174:
1173:Motion capture
1171:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1108:
1088:software agent
1044:Main article:
1041:
1040:Virtual worlds
1038:
1021:language model
944:
936:
934:
931:
857:Main article:
854:
851:
827:fluid dynamics
818:Main article:
815:
812:
781:
780:
774:
768:
744:
743:
740:
737:
711:
708:
662:Cardiac images
654:medical images
608:
605:
570:
567:
555:plasma fractal
493:
490:
355:
354:
334:
332:
321:
318:
294:virtual worlds
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216:Motion capture
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168:Related topics
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140:Visual effects
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130:Graphic design
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83:
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69:
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44:exhibition by
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5385:
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5300:
5298:
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5294:
5292:
5288:Organizations
5286:
5280:
5279:
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5273:
5272:
5268:
5266:
5265:
5261:
5259:
5258:Barnsley fern
5256:
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5211:
5208:
5206:
5205:Trevor Paglen
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5195:Eric Millikin
5193:
5191:
5190:Mauro Martino
5188:
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5148:
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5138:
5136:
5135:Sougwen Chung
5133:
5131:
5130:Cory Arcangel
5128:
5126:
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4709:
4705:
4704:Speed ramping
4702:
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4537:
4536:Creature suit
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4364:Speed ramping
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4197:Creature suit
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4009:
4006:
4004:
4003:Walk and talk
4001:
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3769:Sound effects
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3568:
3566:
3563:
3560:
3559:TopologiLinux
3556:
3553:
3552:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3540:
3529:
3525:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3512:WINE@Etersoft
3509:
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3496:
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3291:
3288:
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3275:
3273:
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3268:
3265:
3263:
3262:Fractal flame
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
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3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
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3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3199:Found objects
3197:
3191:
3188:
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3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3168:
3164:
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3138:
3135:
3133:
3132:Ultra Fractal
3130:
3128:
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3118:
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3108:
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2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2787:PowerAnimator
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
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2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2701:Rhinoceros 3D
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2671:Octane Render
2669:
2667:
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2649:
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2566:Autodesk Maya
2564:
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2533:Closed-source
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2518:Sweet Home 3D
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2111:Azuma, Ronald
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1937:3-540-33262-6
1934:
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1912:0-12-715951-7
1909:
1905:
1900:
1894:pages 353-370
1893:
1892:0-470-02316-3
1889:
1885:
1880:
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1872:0-7658-0398-4
1869:
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1852:0-237-52626-3
1849:
1845:
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1833:
1832:1-56881-090-3
1829:
1825:
1820:
1814:pages 526-560
1813:
1812:3-642-15704-1
1809:
1805:
1803:
1798:
1792:
1786:pages 241-245
1785:
1784:3-540-20242-0
1781:
1777:
1772:
1766:pages 114-118
1765:
1764:3-540-89424-1
1761:
1757:
1752:
1745:
1744:1-59140-561-0
1741:
1737:
1732:
1726:pages 136-139
1725:
1724:1-4020-8740-3
1721:
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1679:3-211-79169-8
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1647:0-12-221181-2
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1617:1-58450-054-9
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1427:0-521-26251-8
1423:
1419:
1412:
1398:on 2021-08-29
1397:
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1387:
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1352:
1350:
1348:
1332:
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1321:
1317:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1290:Virtual human
1288:
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1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1254:
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1244:
1243:Digital image
1241:
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1126:
1116:
1110:In courtrooms
1107:
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1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1074:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1057:
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1047:
1046:Virtual world
1034:
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895:virtual world
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769:
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761:Photo realism
759:
758:
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755:
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747:
741:
738:
735:
731:
730:
729:
727:
721:
720:Autodesk Maya
716:
707:
705:
701:
697:
696:heart disease
693:
689:
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566:
562:
560:
559:fault fractal
556:
552:
551:topographical
548:
544:
540:
536:
535:de Rham curve
532:
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426:Jurassic Park
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363:
351:
342:
338:
335:This section
333:
330:
326:
325:
317:
315:
314:CGI animation
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
282:printed media
279:
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260:
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253:
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153:
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148:
146:
145:Visualization
143:
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138:
136:
133:
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128:
126:
123:
121:
118:
117:
116:
115:
111:
110:
105:
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71:
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67:
62:
61:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
37:
36:Morphogenetic
32:
19:
5373:Computer art
5276:
5269:
5262:
5250:
5140:Harold Cohen
5125:Refik Anadol
5094:Software art
5064:Internet art
4873:
4779:Split screen
4774:Smallgantics
4764:Match moving
4748:
4571:Pyrotechnics
4521:Animatronics
4439:Split screen
4434:Smallgantics
4424:Match moving
4408:
4232:Pyrotechnics
4182:Animatronics
4022:Lens effects
3883:Camera angle
3871: /
3754:Non-diegetic
3599:Captive NTFS
3246:
3146:Windows only
2936:3D rendering
2878:ShapeManager
2797:Softimage 3D
2681:Pixar Presto
2641:LightWave 3D
2621:Golaem Crowd
2458:CloudCompare
2388:
2376:
2329:
2299:
2280:
2261:
2242:
2222:
2209:
2156:
2152:
2142:
2134:
2125:
2117:
2106:
2096:, retrieved
2091:
2082:Ghostarchive
2080:Archived at
2076:
2049:
2045:
2039:
2027:
2020:Begault 1994
2015:
2003:
1991:
1979:. Retrieved
1974:
1964:
1948:
1944:
1928:
1903:
1899:
1883:
1879:
1863:
1859:
1843:
1839:
1823:
1819:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1775:
1771:
1755:
1751:
1735:
1731:
1715:
1711:
1700:. Retrieved
1698:. 2020-11-12
1695:
1686:
1681:, pp. 24–29.
1670:
1666:
1654:
1635:Julie Dorsey
1630:
1626:
1608:
1604:
1597:Peitgen 2004
1565:(8): 37–51.
1562:
1558:
1548:
1519:
1505:cite journal
1496:
1490:
1475:
1442:
1436:
1417:
1411:
1400:. Retrieved
1396:the original
1386:
1377:
1371:
1360:
1334:. Retrieved
1330:
1320:
1228:Anime Studio
1195:
1182:
1145:
1141:
1122:
1113:
1077:
1059:
991:Google Brain
976:
961:
915:
899:
888:
886:
846:
842:
839:
829:to specific
823:
782:
776:
770:
760:
751:
748:
745:
724:
692:aortic valve
681:
666:
643:
598:
595:
591:
583:
563:
558:
554:
520:
475:
471:
464:
456:
444:
430:
424:
418:
412:
406:
400:
394:
388:
382:
376:
370:
367:John Whitney
360:
358:
348:October 2023
345:
341:adding to it
336:
313:
309:
290:still images
273:
269:
268:
175:
112:Primary uses
81:Fundamentals
34:
5327:Lumen Prize
5215:Anna Ridler
5145:Char Davies
5109:Virtual art
5099:Systems art
5024:Fractal art
4891:3D graphics
4879:2D graphics
4848:Digital art
4784:Stop motion
4759:Introvision
4739:Compositing
4729:Bullet time
4711:Stop motion
4699:Slow motion
4694:Fast motion
4639:Lens flares
4614:Bullet time
4586:Sugar glass
4576:Rubber mask
4510:wire-flying
4444:Stop motion
4419:Introvision
4399:Compositing
4389:Bullet time
4371:Stop motion
4359:Slow motion
4354:Fast motion
4299:Lens flares
4274:Bullet time
4247:Sugar glass
4237:Rubber mask
4171:wire-flying
4077:Master shot
3931:Dutch angle
3841:Perspective
3604:NDISwrapper
3432:MKS Toolkit
3010:Open-source
3001:Fractal art
2991:Digital art
2931:3D modeling
2817:TurboSilver
2440:Open-source
1977:. Vox Media
1362:Insider.com
1223:Cel shading
1213:3D modeling
1160:fields and
1080:agent-based
1061:Second Life
902:stop motion
801:dimensional
797:millimetres
621:Google Body
601:Georgenthal
514:created in
441:Will Powers
437:music video
429:(1993) and
135:Video games
42:digital art
5357:Categories
5332:onedotzero
5210:Casey Reas
5155:Jake Elwes
5089:Render art
5049:Glitch art
4974:Crypto art
4903:3D printer
4734:Chroma key
4689:Time-lapse
4654:Filtration
4619:Dolly zoom
4546:Kitbashing
4394:Chroma key
4349:Time-lapse
4314:Filtration
4279:Dolly zoom
4207:Kitbashing
4013:Dolly zoom
3911:Crane shot
3906:Bird's-eye
3901:High-angle
3789:Field size
3764:Film score
3706:Lens flare
3676:Background
3437:PowerShell
3347:subsystems
3277:Orbit trap
3231:Mandelbulb
2906:Comparison
2888:IntelliCAD
2772:Dynamation
2606:Daz Studio
2513:Seamless3d
2371:073570046X
2098:2021-07-14
1702:2020-11-12
1696:GarageFarm
1402:2021-08-29
1307:References
1149:first down
1003:Midjourney
923:television
906:miniatures
863:See also:
754:human skin
611:See also:
527:algorithms
496:See also:
308:is called
306:animations
286:simulators
201:3D display
46:Andy Lomas
5297:Artfutura
5225:Karl Sims
5084:Pixel art
5054:Immersion
4979:Cyberarts
4959:ASCII art
4811:Animation
4754:Go motion
4679:Slit-scan
4601:In-camera
4498:Practical
4414:Go motion
4339:Slit-scan
4261:In-camera
4160:Practical
4092:Long take
3998:SnorriCam
3993:Steadicam
3973:Hand-held
3921:Low-angle
3759:Narration
3721:Rembrandt
3520:CrossOver
3422:Mingw-w64
3345:Unix-like
3221:Mandelbox
3216:Julia set
3017:Apophysis
2863:Parasolid
2853:KernelCAD
2812:TrueSpace
2792:Sculpt 3D
2731:Strata 3D
2636:Kerkythea
2596:Cinema 4D
2478:MakeHuman
2183:2405-8440
2066:145311101
1975:The Verge
1959:pages 1-7
1939:pages 1-8
1746:page 1027
1619:page 240
1461:cite book
1312:Citations
1253:Photoshop
1056:submarine
1054:A yellow
952:Hiroshige
881:Machinima
787:and skin
482:simulated
458:Toy Story
449:(1983).
432:Toy Story
414:The Abyss
372:Westworld
184:Animation
120:3D models
99:Rendering
56:, in 2016
38:Creations
5337:SIGGRAPH
5302:Artmedia
5160:David Em
4949:Art game
4912:Software
4869:Computer
4862:Hardware
4566:Puppetry
4227:Puppetry
4097:One-shot
3983:Tracking
3966:Whip pan
3916:Jib shot
3821:Two shot
3811:Close-up
3801:American
3781:Shooting
3749:Diegetic
3696:High-key
3668:Lighting
3471:UnxUtils
3466:GnuWin32
3290:Category
3190:VistaPro
3185:Terragen
3122:Chaotica
3089:Fractint
3082:Freeware
3068:openPlaG
3042:Sterling
3037:MilkDrop
2916:Category
2848:HOOPS 3D
2822:VistaPro
2807:Swift 3D
2736:Terragen
2721:SketchUp
2711:Shark 3D
2706:Shade 3D
2676:Paint 3D
2616:E-on Vue
2601:Clara.io
2523:Wings 3D
2498:OpenSCAD
2433:software
2378:F/X Gods
2201:30519654
2084:and the
1914:page 177
1874:page 213
1649:page 217
1579:15309937
1534:cite web
1499:: 14–18.
1206:See also
1133:Cromemco
1129:Apple II
1027:, and a
987:DALL-E 2
785:wrinkles
736:crossing
704:CT scans
700:coronary
688:CT scans
673:CT scans
537:, e.g.,
516:Terragen
423:(1991),
417:(1989),
411:(1985),
405:(1984),
399:(1983),
393:(1982),
387:(1982),
381:(1977),
194:skeletal
189:computer
104:Printing
94:Scanning
89:Modeling
5044:GIF art
4743:digital
4741: (
4609:Bipacks
4555:hanging
4553: (
4508: (
4403:digital
4401: (
4269:Bipacks
4216:hanging
4214: (
4169: (
4056:Zooming
4044:Shallow
4034:Racking
3961:Panning
3956:Tilting
3859:Reverse
3816:Italian
3711:Low-key
3583:Related
3524:Darwine
3372:Interix
3336:Windows
3240:Related
3180:Picogen
3094:IFStile
3022:Blender
2868:Romulus
2782:N-World
2777:Imagine
2750:Defunct
2696:Remo 3D
2656:Messiah
2646:MASSIVE
2631:Houdini
2626:Hexagon
2591:Carrara
2541:3D-Coat
2508:POV-Ray
2488:MoonRay
2483:MeshLab
2463:FreeCAD
2453:Blender
2234:Sources
2192:6260244
2161:Bibcode
2153:Heliyon
1981:May 28,
1854:page 21
1834:page 20
1336:May 11,
1162:cricket
1137:Dazzler
1100:avatars
1092:avatars
1073:Blender
979:AI boom
795:or 0.1
660:, e.g.
579:Blender
362:Vertigo
320:History
52:, west
4797:Portal
4721:Visual
4381:Visual
4102:Insert
4082:B-roll
4008:Follow
3896:Aerial
3869:Single
3806:Medium
3528:Proton
3516:Cedega
3358:Cygwin
3153:VisSim
3103:Retail
2883:Teigha
2741:ZBrush
2551:Arnold
2493:OpenFX
2369:
2327:about
2306:
2287:
2268:
2249:
2199:
2189:
2181:
2064:
1997:online
1955:
1935:
1910:
1890:
1870:
1850:
1830:
1810:
1782:
1762:
1742:
1722:
1677:
1645:
1615:
1577:
1449:
1424:
1285:Shader
1001:, and
995:Imagen
910:extras
639:x-rays
623:, and
485:camera
54:London
4942:Forms
4898:Xerox
4855:Tools
4029:Focus
3988:Dolly
3978:Shaky
3864:Trunk
3853:(POV)
3741:Sound
3726:Stage
3691:Flood
3681:Cameo
3565:Merge
3426:MSYS2
3412:MinGW
3402:DJGPP
3127:Maple
3117:Bryce
2757:Amapi
2691:Poser
2586:Bryce
2389:Click
2225:(69).
2062:S2CID
1575:S2CID
1269:Poser
1158:rugby
1096:users
966:is a
789:pores
669:X-ray
312:, or
302:films
178:(CGI)
4884:2.5D
4049:Deep
3891:Tilt
3731:Soft
3716:Mood
3686:Fill
3614:DXVK
3594:APIW
3508:Wine
3498:Wabi
3486:*nix
3442:UWIN
3416:MSYS
3332:Unix
3073:XaoS
3063:GIMP
3027:Fyre
2926:List
2838:ACIS
2716:Silo
2666:Nuke
2661:Modo
2546:AC3D
2367:ISBN
2304:ISBN
2285:ISBN
2266:ISBN
2247:ISBN
2197:PMID
2179:ISSN
1983:2022
1953:ISBN
1933:ISBN
1908:ISBN
1888:ISBN
1868:ISBN
1848:ISBN
1828:ISBN
1808:ISBN
1780:ISBN
1760:ISBN
1740:ISBN
1720:ISBN
1675:ISBN
1643:ISBN
1613:ISBN
1559:IEEE
1540:link
1511:link
1467:link
1447:ISBN
1422:ISBN
1378:Play
1338:2023
1263:FOSS
1261:, a
1259:GIMP
1082:and
925:and
765:skin
734:yarn
500:and
384:Tron
300:(in
4874:CGI
3701:Key
3051:GNU
2873:RGK
2843:C3D
2187:PMC
2169:doi
2054:doi
1799:in
1633:by
1567:doi
1058:in
1011:art
993:'s
343:.
278:art
274:CGI
48:at
5359::
3526:,
3522:,
3518:,
3514:,
2221:.
2195:.
2185:.
2177:.
2167:.
2155:.
2151:.
2133:,
2088::
2060:.
2050:40
2048:.
1973:.
1919:^
1694:.
1637:,
1587:^
1573:.
1561:.
1557:.
1536:}}
1532:{{
1507:}}
1503:{{
1463:}}
1459:{{
1359:.
1346:^
1329:.
1169:.
1013:.
989:,
962:A
929:.
793:ÎĽm
633:A
619:,
615:,
561:.
510:A
443:'
316:.
284:,
280:,
4840:e
4833:t
4826:v
4799::
4745:)
4557:)
4512:)
4482:e
4475:t
4468:v
4405:)
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