983:, join ventrally in the mid-lateral region, with the former the brighter of the two. The pectoral fins are relatively small, averaging about 73 cm (about 2.4 ft) in length (maximum: 1.38 m, or about 4.5 ft). They have a transverse, white band on their outer margins, which is the most distinguishing feature of the species. In most individuals (about 94% in the western North Pacific) it is a clear white band, but in a minority of cases (about 6%) it only forms an obscure white band – about 29% of the individuals sampled from the Sea of Japan had this type of flipper band. The smooth-sided flukes average about 2 m (6.6 ft) in width and can be nearly 3 m (about 9.8 ft) wide. They are light gray or white ventrally and bordered by dark gray. The baleen plates, which number about 230 to 360 pairs and average about 20 by 10 cm (7.9 by 3.9 in), are creamy white with a fine white fringe – a small percentage in the western North Pacific (mainly larger individuals) have a thin black band along the outer margin. They possess 50 to 70 thin ventral pleats, which only extend about 47 percent of the body length – among the shortest relative to body length among the rorquals, second only to the sei whale.
1552:, had the least stable constituency as well as the lowest number of sightings per year, while Range C, south and west of San Juan Island, had the greatest number of sightings and the greatest number of identified individuals every year. One whale, S4, was repeatedly and consistently found in Range B for three years, but was never seen there again after 1982; few sightings were made since then and all of these occurred in 1984, most of them involving three whales that were usually found in Range A (S8, S10, and S13). In Range C, five whales were seen there every year, while seven were only seen in a single year – most of the latter individuals were never encountered in any other part of the study site. There were also whales that showed no site fidelity at all, moving freely between the sub-regions. For example, whale S9, although only being sighted five times over four years, had sightings evenly divided between ranges B and C; whale S5, on the other hand, encountered 27 times over the course of eight years, was seen in more than one range in most years and moved around the three sub-regions more than any other whale.
2900:, which operated from 1982 to 1986. These vessels used harpoon guns of 50 mm caliber or less. Because of their small size, limited cruising range, and inability to work during inclement weather, catchers were restricted to within 50 nautical miles of their home port in the 1950s, while the vast majority operated within 80 nautical miles of their home ports or designated unloading ports (for Hokkaido) during the period 1977 to 1987. In 1968 small motorboats were introduced, which scared the whales into swimming quickly at the surface, making them easier to track and exhausting them in the process – this allowed them to be more easily killed as well. The earliest were 4.5 m (15 ft) long and 2 tons with 65-80 horsepower outboard engines; later 4.9 to 5.2 m (16 to 17 ft) boats with 165 horsepower were utilized. The number of catchers using motorboats increased rapidly from 1968 to 1972; by 1979 they all used them.
2776:, which was mounted with a 1.5 inch bore harpoon gun – this was replaced in 1923 with a 2-inch bore harpoon gun manufactured in Norway. Later other vessels joined the trade. Operations were limited to coastal waters, normally within 30 nautical miles of shore. The season extended from the beginning of March to late November, even to early December at times; though most were caught between April and October. They were mainly caught for their meat, with a minimum of 3,362 being taken between 1914 and 1980. Catch limits were introduced in 1977. The average annual catch rose from 105 from 1966 to 1970, to 137 from 1971–1975, and finally to 200 from 1976 to 1980. The last were caught in 1985 before whaling resumed in 2003 under scientific permit, with 200 being taken from 2003 to 2007. Commercial whaling for minkes was renewed in 2006, with a total catch of 296 between 2006 and 2012.
866:
2157:) were seen on 47 individually identified minke whales on over 100 occasions between 1999 and 2004. They were seen on the whales from June to October, with peak sightings in July and August. Between one and four lampreys were found per whale; the majority were attached below or behind the dorsal fin. On eighteen occasions, the same whale was seen multiple times with one or more lampreys attached to the same spot on its body from two to 87 days with an average of fifteen days. Twice whales were seen right after a lamprey had detached from them, revealing a bloody lesion that showed that the lampreys were feeding on their blood. On several occasions scrapes were seen on the whales from lampreys moving about their bodies probably "actively seeking areas of greater access to blood or decreased water flow".
2008:, Alaska, British Columbia, Washington State, California, the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Greenland, and Svalbard. They are normally able to outpace pursuing killer whales in open water or are trapped in a bay, where they are rammed and drowned or strand and die – in one instance a minke whale was able to refloat itself on the rising tide and swim away. Chases usually last about 30 minutes to an hour and can reach speeds of up 30 km/h (19 mph), often with both species porpoising out of the water in low-angle leaps. Typically two to four killer whales and a lone minke are involved. If the pursuing killer whales do catch up to the minke it does not defend itself, which is typical of the fast-moving members of its genus. On two occasions fleeing minkes sought shelter under a boat, once off
2391:, this depended on whether a whale was traveling, searching, or feeding. During traveling, when the whale was slower moving (generally in a straight line), it would exhale the greatest number of times (6.44 on average) and dive for a longer period of time (3.67 minutes on average) than when it was feeding, which was characterized by constant change in direction and vigorous swimming – this normally involved one or two respirations interspersed with three to seven (2.27 on average) followed by a relatively short dive (1.36 minutes on average). When a whale was searching, on the other hand (which involved the whale moving at a faster speed than traveling in a sort of zigzag motion), it would exhale 3.22 times on average and dive the longest of the three modes (3.76 minutes on average).
3176:, the Canary Islands, Senegal, and Brazil. A total of 1,156 minke whales were caught off Korea between 1996 and 2008, an average of about 88 per year. They were mainly caught with set nets (31.4%), fish pots (27.3%), and gillnets (26.2%). Most were juveniles. Of 17 individuals that were reported caught in trap nets off eastern Honshu between 1978 and 1990, only two escaped alive, the rest being sold for their meat. Ship strikes are another source of mortality. They have been reported off the east coast of the United States, in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and off Italy. A dwarf minke whale calf that stranded in New South Wales had one of its flukes cut by a propeller, which was the likely reason for its stranding and ensuing death.
906:, Norwegian whaling vessels in 1940 allegedly caught individuals of up to 10.7 m (35 ft) in length, but they were likely only measured visually in comparison to objects of known dimensions aboard the ships themselves – the longest caught in subsequent years were typically only up to 9.4–10.05 m (30.8–33.0 ft) in length. In the North Pacific, Soviet vessels operating out of the Kuril Islands claimed to have caught two males of 12.2 (40 ft) and 12 m (39 ft) and a female of 10.7 m (35 ft) – the first two were landed in 1951, the third in 1960. These likely represent undersized sei whales, part of the massive misreporting of whaling data by the
934:
females in the North
Atlantic average between 7.9–8.17 m (25.9–26.8 ft) and 8.42–8.5 m (27.6–27.9 ft), while in the North Pacific they are slightly smaller, averaging only 7.5 and 8 m (25 and 26 ft), respectively. At birth, they are estimated to be 2.5–2.8 m (8.2–9.2 ft) in length and weigh 150–300 kg (330–660 lb). They are thought to be weaned at about 4.57 m (15.0 ft) in length. For the dwarf form, they are thought to reach sexual maturity at around 6.2 m (20 ft) for females and 6 m (20 ft) for males and are estimated to be about 2 m (6.6 ft) at birth.
529:
875:
887:
2932:, but catching in those regions ceased by 1965 due to the scarcity of whales. The first minkes of the season were caught off western Kyushu and the Sea of Japan side of Honshu, where peak catches occurred from March to May and March to April, respectively; from there effort shifted to the Okhotsk Sea side of Hokkaido and Sanriku, where catches peaked in May for the former area and from April to May in the latter area. Effort was finally diverted to the Pacific side of Hokkaido, where peak catches were made from July to September. The season as a whole extended from February to October.
1563:, while Range B was south of that canyon. Individuals were sighted within one of the two ranges on at least 88 per cent of the sightings, with whales even being observed to turn around as they approached the border of their primary range and head back toward the middle of their range – this happened five times at the northern border and twice at the southern border of Range A, and six times at the northern border of Range B. Whales were sighted within 3 km (1.9 mi) of the coast, occasionally just outside the kelp, most of the time moving in a more or less straight line.
1947:, sardine makes up the bulk of the diet (54%), but euphausiids also play an important part (32%) – only a small percentage (9%) fed on sand lance. Euphausiids were a major food item on the Okhotsk Sea side of Hokkaido and off Sanriku in the spring (71, 72 and 62% from April–June in the former area, and 83% in April in the latter area), while sardine dominated the diet in the summer in both areas (71% in September for the former region, and 70, 92, and 93% from May–July in the latter region). More recent data from Japanese scientific catches in the western North Pacific shows
1887:. Sandeel was more important in southern Iceland (constituting 78 per cent of sampled individuals), while capelin (35.1%), haddock (28.7%), and cod (22.3%) were more important in the north. Euphausiids were only consumed in the north. Although haddock was only a minor part of the diet the first couple years of the study (0 and 4% in 2003 and 2004, respectively), it subsequently constituted a major component of it (31-35% in 2005–2007), while sandeel's importance in the south declined considerably (95.2 to 77.7% from 2003–2006, but only 18.1% in 2007). Off southeastern
2298:, almost all sightings involved single whales. Off Iceland, the majority of sightings (93%) were of lone whales, with only a minority of the encounters including pairs (4%) or trios (less than 3%). Cow-calf pairs were absent from most of these regions – a single cow-calf pair was seen off the Isle of Mull in 1992, while only three were seen in the southern Gulf of Maine (in May, August, and October). Of 89 sightings in the Okhotsk Sea and Northwest Pacific, 80 were of solitary whales, seven of pairs, and one each involved groups of four and five whales.
2273:
379:
112:
3400:
1570:, northwest Scotland, between 1990 and 1999 during the months of May to October, 66 minke whales were photo-identified based on the shape of the dorsal fin and distinctive notches and marks on it, body scars, and white oval scars – lateral body pigmentation was often not visible. Of these, 30 were seen at least twice, with 21 of them sighted in more than one year; one individual was identified 27 times over the course of ten years. During a similar study performed during whale watching cruises in the southern outer
2516:
2570:, and duration. In the latter area, slow-down was the most commonly recorded type. Their peak frequencies ranged from 58 to 136 Hz and each pulse lasted from 0.07 to 0.12 seconds, together producing pulse trains of 12.4 to 39.8 seconds in duration. Detections of pulse trains peaked during August and September, with most calls being heard from mid-July to mid-November. None were recorded in January and February and few were detected from March to June. The pulse trains off Puerto Rico were recorded in March.
365:
938:
192:
1752:, and migrates to the southern Okhotsk Sea in the spring, where it mixes with the O stock. Peak calving is December in the North Atlantic, December to January in the North Pacific, and May to July for the J stock. The calving interval is only a year, so females are often simultaneously pregnant and lactating. Females reach physical maturity perhaps as early as 13 years of age; another study suggested that growth ceases for both sexes when they have 15 to 20 growth layers in their
2346:(over 90%). Females dominate during the spring and early summer (comprising nearly 79% of individuals from May to July), while the percentage of males increases from 38 to 45 per cent in the late summer (August to September). In coastal waters, the highest incidence of females occurs in the spring (about 85%), declines in the summer (72%), and rises again in the fall (over 75%). Over 70 per cent of the females in offshore waters are mature, nearly all of them pregnant (94.4%).
3320:
2800:
participating in the hunt each year increased rapidly, rising from 18 in 1963, to 25 in 1964, and to 45 in 1965. The peak was reached in 1968 and 1969, with 56 vessels active in both years. From 1970 to 1976 the average fluctuated between about 30 and 45 vessels. A total of 3,434 minke whales were taken off western
Greenland between 1948 and 1976, with a peak of 315 reached in 1968. The vast majority of these whales were taken by fishing vessels normally targeting cod,
992:
3300:
2721:
3231:, in a square pool netted off from the sea. The first was exhibited for nearly three months in the mid-1930s, but accepted food only during the latter half of its stay. The second was a weeks-old calf that lasted only two weeks in May 1954 before dying. The last was an estimated 6.1 m (20 ft) individual of undetermined sex that had been caught in a fixed net near the aquarium on 26 November 1955 and transported there the same day. It refused the
3380:
3340:
1740:
whales off
Iceland had twin fetuses, an 8.7 m (29 ft) female caught in July 2006 which had a 34 cm (13 in) male and a 32 cm (13 in) female. The calf is weaned after a period of six months. Peak conception is February in the North Atlantic, late February to mid-March for the "O stock", which migrates along the eastern coast of Japan to the Okhotsk Sea), and between October and November for the "J stock" (which occurs in the
150:
3360:
126:
3427:
2289:. On occasion, two whales could be seen surfacing at the same time, within one or two body lengths of each other – such associations could last for only one surfacing to as long as about 90 minutes. Only once were three individuals seen together for a couple surfacings. In the Monterey Bay area, usually only one whale was visible at a time; on only four occasions were two whales seen swimming together. On several occasions in the
3455:
1695:(July), while one whale moved from the southwest coast of Vancouver Island (June) to its northern coast (July–September) and another from the central British Columbia coast (July) south to northern Vancouver Island (August–September). Two whales, including one of the two that had traveled from southern to northern Vancouver Island, moved from northern (June and July, respectively) to southern Vancouver Island (September).
2395:
exhalations and the duration of dives depended on whether the whale was lunge feeding or feeding with birds. In the former method of feeding, whales made short dives – about 22 seconds long – up to seven times in rapid succession before making a long dive of about 3.8 minutes, while during the latter method they made longer short dives of about 65 seconds followed by shorter long dives of about 1.5 minutes.
1883:. They were found to feed almost exclusively on Atlantic mackerel in the northern North Sea, while the same was true for sandeel in the eastern North Sea. Off Iceland, they mainly fed on sandeel (nearly 58 per cent of sampled individuals), haddock (22.6%), herring (20%), capelin (19.4%), and Atlantic cod (14.7%), with the rest of the diet consisting of euphausiids, various larger species of gadoids, and
1724:
1135:
2481:, the whale would raise its head high out of the water at angle of about 30 to 45°, take a quick breath, and then slam its head onto the water, creating a loud splash. It would do this without expanding its ventral pleats or forcing water out of its mouth. After doing several head slaps the whale would perform a feeding lunge. Head slaps were used almost exclusively by M4 and M5. A
3441:
2808:, but an increasing number in later years were caught using a number of small boats with out-board motors, armed with high-powered rifles for killing the whale and hand-held harpoons and floating bladders to secure them; walkie-talkies were used for coordination. Usage of this method, called a "collective catch", increased from a catch of just one whale in 1970 to 59 in 1975.
1574:, northeast Scotland, between 2001 and 2007 from May to October, 34 individuals were photo-identified. Fourteen of them (41%) were sighted one or more times, while seven individuals (20%) were seen in one or more years. One whale was seen three times between 2002 and 2006; another four times between 2001 and 2006; and a third a total of eight times between 2001 and 2006.
514:. Although first ignored by whalers due to its small size and low oil yield, it began to be exploited by various countries beginning in the early 20th century. As other species declined larger numbers of common minke whales were caught, largely for their meat. It is now one of the primary targets of the whaling industry. There is a dwarf form in the Southern Hemisphere.
3247:
1891:, they only fed on capelin, while sandeel dominated off southwestern Greenland. In a sample of 172 minke whales caught off Newfoundland between 1966 and 1972, the vast majority (85%) fed only on fish, mainly capelin. Some fed on a mixture of capelin and cod, while others had only consumed cod. Other gadoids, herring, krill, and squid formed the rest of the diet.
1541:. The number of sightings per individual ranged from only one in one year to 37 over nine years, with 31 whales (56.4%) being sighted in at least two years and 12 (21.8%) being seen in at least five years. Most were seen exclusively or almost exclusively in one of three sub-regions in the San Juan Islands and one of two sub-regions in the Monterey Bay area.
2876:(both by 1957), the former on the west coast and the latter on the north coast of Honshu. An average of 23 catcher boats – each of which averaged about 23 tons between 1952 and 1986 – were involved each year between 1950 and 1986, from a peak of 80 in 1950 to a low of seven from 1973 to 1978 – these boats also caught other species, mainly
2625:. Their source remained a mystery for decades. By the early 1980s they were thought to come from whales, but it wasn't known what species. In the early 2000s, it was suggested these sounds might originate from minke whales, based on their similarities to vocalizations produced by Southern Hemisphere forms. Finally, during a 2002 HICEAS (
2374:). The percentage of mature females is high in offshore areas (72.5 to 86.7%), with most of them being pregnant (85.7 to 100%). In coastal areas, however, most females are immature (60.4 to 94.2%) and fewer of the mature females are pregnant (40 to 58.4%). Females dominate in the northern Yellow Sea (90.9%) and off the east coast of
1855:, and blue whiting made up the rest of the diet. In the Norwegian Sea, herring was found in all individuals sampled (n= 10), with some (20 per cent each) also feeding on a small amount of capelin and blue whiting – an earlier study, based on data primarily obtained between 1943–1945, showed that they fed exclusively on herring off
732:, while the latter named a "dwarf form" based on specimens and sightings from Australia. This unnamed subspecies has a prominent white flipper and shoulder blaze and a dark throat patch, whereas what was called the "dark-shouldered" or "ordinary" form of minke whale (now known as a separate species, the Antarctic minke whale,
3219:. Full or partial necropsies have been conducted on over 60% of the minke whales stranded on the Atlantic coast since January 2017. Though human interactions and infectious disease were indicated by many of the necropsies, findings have been inconsistent and the cause of the strandings is not fully understood.
3131:, South Africa, between 1970 and 1973. Nearly all of them (12 of 13, or 92%) were taken in the first half of the season (April to June), over three-quarters within 30 nautical miles of shore. Of 902 minke whales caught off northeastern Brazil in 1980, only three were dwarf. Of 1,789 minke whales caught in the
2676:. They differ in pulse repetition rate and total duration. There may also be a "western boing" off Japan. Most boings have been recorded in the tropical and warm temperate North Pacific during the winter and spring, but some have also been detected in the northeastern Chukchi Sea in the summer and fall.
7294:
Ishikawa, H., Yuzu, S., Shimamoto, K., Bando, T., Ohshima, K., Kasai, H., Kinoshita, T., Mizushima, Y., Iwakami, H., Nibe, T., Hosoyama, T., Kuramochi, T., Numano, K., and
Miyamoto, M. (1997). "Cruise report of the Japanese Whale Research Program under a Special Permit in the North Pacific (JARPN) in
4219:
Yoshida, H., Kato, H., Kishiro, T., Iwasaki, T., Miyashita, T., Saito, T., Shigeo, T., Morita, Y., Sato, H., Okada, A., Tomizawa, Y., Saino, S., Kuroishi, H., Ebisui, T., Nakai, K., Nishiwaki, S., and S. Kawahara. (2006). "Cruise report of the second phase of the
Japanese Whale Research Program under
4174:
Kishiro, T., Kato, H., Ohizumi, H., Yoshida, H., Saito, T., Isoda, T., Tabata, S., Sakakibara, M., Saino, S., Hara, T., Hayashi, T., Miyashita, T., Fukudome, K., Kiwada, H., and
Kawahara, S. (2003). "Report of the 2002 JARPN II survey in the western North Pacific. Part II: Coastal component – Coastal
2981:
Commercial catches ended in 1987. In 1994, Japan began catching minke whales in the western North
Pacific under scientific permit. Under the title of JARPN (Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the North Pacific), up to 100 whales were caught each year by a pelagic fleet consisting
2779:
A Newfoundland whaling company began catching "little piked whales" (minke whales) off northeastern
Newfoundland in 1947, taking 16 in its first year and 41 in 1948. A total of 812 minke whales were caught off Newfoundland between 1947 and 1972, with a peak of 97 in 1972. They were captured by one to
2684:
The "star wars" vocalization, a complex, stereotyped call consisting of three components ranging from 50 Hz to 9.4 kHz, is produced by the dwarf minke whale. It has a source level of 150 to 165 decibels at a reference pressure of one micropascal at one metre. This bizarre call, described as
2490:
is exactly what its name implies: a whale exhaling as its blowholes submerge. This resulted in a large volume of water being displaced and typically followed a normal blow or a chin-up blow and on occasion a head slap. This technique was only executed by M1 and M5. These new techniques are thought to
2312:
involved either single whales (53.3%) or pairs (28.9%), with the maximum number of individuals in a group being eight. Four cow-calf pairs were seen as well. Individuals encountered on the various reef systems there often approached dive boats and circled them as well as the divers in the water. They
933:
At sexual maturity, males and females in the North
Atlantic average between 6.16–6.75 m (20.2–22.1 ft) and 6.03–7.15 m (19.8–23.5 ft), while in the North Pacific they average between 6.3–6.8 m (21–22 ft) and 7.1–7.3 m (23–24 ft). At physical maturity, males and
7474:
Yoshida, H., Ito, N., Kishiro, T., Miyashita, T., Yasunaga, G., Hara, T., Nakamura, G., Maeda, H., Inoue, S., Tsutsumi, T., Ishida, K., Tamai, N., Kadowaki, I., Oka, S., Takahashi, M., Fukumoto, A., Kumagai, S., Sato, H., Sakamoto, N., Kitayama, K., Kobayashi, N., and Kato, H. (2013). "Cruise report
7420:
Tamura, T., Fujise, Y., Bando, T., Yasunaga, G., Konishi, K., Kiwada, H., Isoda, T., Itoh, S., Machida, S., Tsunekawa, M., Konagai, T., Takamatsu, T., Ohshima, T., Honjo, K., Matsuoka, T., Zharikov, K. A., An, Y. R., Tohyama, D., and
Kawahara, S. (2004). "Cruise Report of the Japanese Whale Research
7348:
Fujise, Y., Pastene, L. A., Tamura, T., Bando, T., Murase, H., Kawahara, S., Watanabe, H., Ohizumi, H., Mogoe, T., Kiwada, H., Nemoto, K., and Narita, H. (2001). "Progress Report of the Feasibility study of the Japanese whale research program under special permit in the western North Pacific – Phase
2498:
In July 2007, a minke whale with what appeared to be a rope injury was observed surface feeding on capelin in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The long, linear laceration extended around the ventral pleats, restricting their distention. This individual performed a number of oblique lunges on its right side
2349:
Off Iceland, males dominate in most areas (particularly off the southwest coast, where they comprise 70% of individuals), while females form the slight majority (53%) on the east coast. Females dominate in the spring in most areas (61%), while males predominate in the summer (58%) and fall (66%). In
2333:
Common minke whales exhibit a great degree of spatial and temporal segregation by sex, age, and reproductive condition. Off Greenland, females dominate on the west coast (comprising 68% of individuals), while males predominate off the east coast (57%). On the west coast, the proportion of females in
2293:
area pairs and trios were briefly seen surfacing together. Around the Isle of Mull, about 68 per cent of the sightings involved single whales, 26.5 per cent involved two or three whales, while only 5.4 per cent involved groups of four to ten. Off Western Greenland and in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and
1951:
to be a major component of the diet in two of the three sub-areas (60 per cent by weight in sub-area 7 and 37.4% in sub-area 8), while Pacific saury was the major food item in sub-area 9 (64.6%) and played an important part of the diet in sub-area 8 (36.4%). Euphausiids (9.2% in all areas combined),
1585:
Bay, on the northeast coast. In Faxaflói Bay, 68 (23.3%) were resighted at least once, with 53 (18.2%) being resighted in two years, nine (3.1%) in three years, and six (2.1%) in four years. The majority in Skjálfandi was only sighted in one year, while ten (16.4%) were resighted at least once, four
1512:
Minke whales were individually identified using the shape of the dorsal fin and nicks along its edges, variations in lateral body pigmentation, and small oval scars in three separate study sites on the western coast of North America. These individuals showed strong small-scale site fidelity. A total
1462:
Ship-based sighting surveys that covered the Okhotsk Sea during August 1989 and August–September 1990 and adjacent areas of the Northwest Pacific during July and August 1990 estimated there were 25,049 (95% CI: 13,700-45,800) minke whales there, with 19,209 (95% CI: 10,100-36,600) in the Okhotsk Sea
723:
A smaller, Southern Hemisphere form of minke whale with white-banded flippers was first described in separate studies by Peter Best (1985) and Peter Arnold, Helene Marsh, and George Heinsohn (1987), though a white-flippered form in the Southern Hemisphere had been noted earlier. The former described
7312:
Zenitani, R., Fujise, Y., Matsuoka, K., Tamura, T., Bando, T., Ichihashi, H., Shimokawa, T., Krasnenko, A. S., Taguchi, F., Kinoshita, T., Mori, M., Watanabe, M., Ichinomiya, D., Nakamura, M., Sakai, K., Matsuzaka, K., Kamei, H., and Tohyama, D. (1999). "Cruise report of the Japanese Whale Research
7276:
Fujise, Y., Shimada, H., Zenitani, R., Goto, M., Tamura, T., Lindstrom, U., Uchida, A., Yoshida, H., Shimamoto, K., Yuzu, S., Kasai, H., Kinoshita, T., Iwata, T., and Toyama, D. (1997). "Cruise report of the Japanese Whale Research Program under a Special Permit in the North Pacific (JARPN) in 1996
2768:
in 1982 and taking effect in 1986, commercial catches ceased in 1987 (albeit only temporarily). From 1988 to 1990 and again from 1992 to 1994 Norway caught minke whales under scientific permit and resumed commercial whaling of the species in 1993. They typically catch 450 to 600 individuals a year,
2763:
and western Greenland just two years later. At its peak over 300 vessels participated in the hunt each season, but this declined to about 50 in the 1980s. By the end of the Second World War the catch was at nearly 2,000 per annum, peaked at 4,338 in 1958, and declined to 2,307 by 1970. Over 125,000
2758:
by the late 1930s – the latter area, particularly the southeastern region east to Novaya Zemlya, was one of the most important whaling grounds, with over 2,400 whales being caught there in 1949. Licenses were introduced in 1938. A westward expansion to the waters north and east of Iceland occurred;
2417:
cover a greater area than the former two maneuvers as the whale swims a long and short axis – the former can be greater than 100 m (330 ft) at times. Ellipses can be maintained for long periods of time and may include feeding circles within them as well as a number of engulfing maneuvers.
2386:
When a minke whale first comes to the surface to breathe its pointed rostrum is the first to break the surface. It either exhales beforehand or a narrow, diffuse blow or a low, bushy, diffuse blow is visible. It then arches its back in a quick motion, exaggerating this arch during its terminal deep
557:, 1906, vol. 3, p. 279), "Minkie was a Norwegian seaman who was always calling 'Hval' at whatever backfin he saw. He is now regarded as the type of the 'tenderfoot' at sea. Norwegians often refer to any small whale with some contempt or amusement as a 'Minkie' or 'Minkie's hval'." The American
7492:
Bando, T., Mogoe, T., Isoda, T., Wada, A., Mori, M., Tsunekawa, M., Tamahashi, K., Moriyama, R., Miyakawa, N., Kadowaki, I., Watanabe, H., and Ogawa, T. (2013). "Cruise Report of the second phase of the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the western North Pacific (JARPN II) in
4191:
Yoshida, H., Kato, H., Kishiro, T., Iwasaki, T., Miyashita, T., Ryono, T., Tabata, S., Sakakibara, M., Saino, S., Hara, T., Hayashi, T., Tomizawa, Y., Tamai, K., Okamoto, R., Fukuoka, M., Watanabe, H., Tsunekawa, M., and Kawahara, S. (2004). "Report of the coastal survey on common minke whales off
2832:
purchased some of the products of the hunt beginning in the late 1960s. An additional 4,307 minke whales were caught off Greenland between 1985 and 2012, 4,070 off western Greenland and a paltry 237 off eastern Greenland. The average annual catch during this period has usually been between 150 and
1003:
has similar proportions to the northern form, with an upright, hooked dorsal fin set about two-thirds the way along the back that is up to 32 to 34 cm (13 to 13 in) in height. It has 55 to 67 ventral grooves. Its baleen – 18 to 20 cm (7.1 to 7.9 in) in length – is mostly white,
958:
Common minke whales are among the most robust members of their genus, the greatest height of their body being one-fifth their total length. They have a narrow, pointed, triangular rostrum with a low splashguard. Their prominent, upright, falcate dorsal fin averages about 30 cm (12 in) in
929:
Males caught in the western North Pacific and weighed whole on a truck scale averaged between 2.85 and 4.23 metric tons (3.14 and 4.66 short tons) (range: 0.86 to 6.36 metric tons, 0.95 to 7.01 short tons), while females averaged between 1.93 and 3.63 metric tons (2.13 and 4.00 short tons) (range:
7384:
Fujise, Y., Tamura, T., Bando, T., Yasunaga, G., Konishi, K., Murase, H., Yoshida, T., Itoh, S., Ogawa, R., Sasaki, T., Fukutome, K., Isoda, T., Birukawa, N., Horji, N., Zharikov, K. A., Park, K. J., Tohyama, D., and Kawahara, S. (2003). "Cruise Report of the Japanese Whale Research Program under
3051:
Whaling for minke whales off Korea began in the early 1930s, when they were opportunistically caught by vessels targeting larger species. The number of boats used per year ranged from 13 (1967–68, 1983–84) to 24 (1965), with 21 per annum between 1975 and 1982. Their average tonnage and horsepower
2485:
is similar to a normal surfacing but more energetic and executed at a greater angle as the whale comes high out of the water to breathe and dive again in one continuous motion without slapping the surface of the water. Chin-up blows were utilized often and performed by all five whales; it was the
1739:
Common minke whales are sexually mature at about six to eight years of age for females and about six to seven years for males. Females are promiscuous. After a gestation period of 10 months, a single 2.6 m (8.5 ft) calf is born – only one out of 79 mature females during a study of minke
7456:
Yasunaga, G., Itoh, N., Wada, A., Kiwada, H., Sato, H., Maeda, H., Nakamura, G., Inoue, S., Miyakawa, N., Kitayama, K., Ishikawa, Y., Suzuki, N., Tsutsumi, T., Kadowaki, I., and Kato, H. (2012). "Cruise Report of the second phase of the Japanese Whale Research Program under special permit in the
7438:
Tamura, T., Otani, S., Isoda, T., Wada, A., Yonezaki, S., Mori, M., Tsunekawa, M., Fukutome, K., Nakai, K., Satoh, H., Nomura, I., Nagatsuka, S., Umatani, M., Koyanagi, T., Takamatsu, T., Kawabe, S., Kandabashi, S., Watanabe, H., Kumagai, S., Sato, H., and Ogawa, T. (2009). "Cruise Report of the
7402:
Tamura, T., Matsuoka, K., Bando, T., Mogoe, T., Konishi, K., Mori, M., Tsunekawa, M., Okamoto, K., Funasaka, N., Sakajiri, H., Yoshida, Y., Kumagai, S., Kimura, K., Takamatsu, T., Konagai, T., Sasaki, S., Kuwaoka, J., and Ogawa, T. (2007). "Cruise Report of the second phase of the Japanese Whale
4261:
Yoshida, H., Kato, H., Kishiro, T., Miyashita, T., Iwasaki, T., Minamikawa, S., and Kawahara, S. (2007). "Cruise report of the second phase of the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the Western North Pacific (JARPN II) in 2006 – Coastal component off Kushiro". Paper SC/59/O7
2394:
In the Monterey Bay area, focal follows of minke whales showed that they respired an average of 3.74 times during a surfacing sequence. These short duration dives averaged 37.8 seconds and were followed by a long duration dive of an average of 4.43 minutes. In the San Juan Islands, the number of
1082:
is usually present on the right side, but rarely on the left. The rostral saddle likewise shows asymmetrical coloration, extending further on the right side than on the left and having a more well defined posterior right margin; the left, meanwhile, often has a diffuse posterior margin. A white
7366:
Fujise, Y., Tamura, T., Bando, T., Watanabe, H., Kiwada, H., Otani, S., Kanda, N., Yasunaga, G., Mogoe, T., Konishi, K., Inamori, M., Shigemune, H., and Tohyama, D. (2002). "Cruise report of the feasibility study of the Japanese whales research program under special permit in the western North
7258:
Fujise, Y., Iwasaki, T., Zenitani, R., Araki, J., Matsuoka, K., Tamura, T., Aono, S., Yoshida, T., Hidaka, H., Nibe, T., and Tohyama, D. (1996). "Cruise report of the Japanese Whale Research Program under a Special Permit for North Pacific minke whales in 1995 with the results of a preliminary
3135:
by the Japanese between 1987–88 and 1992–93, only 16 were dwarf minkes (one was caught in 1987–88, five in 1988–89, three in 1989–90, four in 1990–91, and three in 1992–93). These were taken from December to March between the latitudes of 55°22'S and 65°04'S and the longitudes of 111°26'E and
1589:
In the St. Lawrence estuary, using dorsal fin shape and scars and lateral body pigmentation and scarring, a total of 209 minke whales were individually identified during the summer months between 1999 and 2004. Thirty-five were what were called "regular visitors", being sighted on at least 40
1439:) during August and September 2005, there are estimated to be 4,856 individuals (95% confidence interval (CV): 1,910-12,348) off Western Greenland; a ship-based survey made during September and October of the same year came up with a similar estimate of 4,479 (95% CI: 1,760-11,394). In the
2828:), the season doesn't begin until June because of sea ice, with peak catches occurring from July to September. A few are also caught in October and November. Minke whales were caught for their meat, with it mainly being used locally for human consumption and dog food, though in Umanak the
2799:
Minke whales were first exploited by Greenlanders off western Greenland in 1948, when a fishing vessel mounted with a harpoon cannon began catching them. This vessel averaged 18 whales per annum (range four to 32), before being joined by three other vessels in 1958. The number of vessels
2378:(69.2%), while males predominate off the west coast of Honshu (72.6%) and off the southwest and west coasts of Hokkaido (90.5 and 59.7%). In the southern Okhotsk Sea, females arrive earlier than males (April and May, respectively), while mature females arrive earlier than immature ones.
2408:
involve a whale, lying on its side with its ventral surface facing its intended prey, swimming in a circle 1.5 to 2.5 times its diameter and lunging mouth agape across the diameter of this circle. As the whale mounts the water column the movement of its flukes create a print or trace.
3084:. By the early 1960s a few hundred were being caught each year. The catch increased from 715 in 1970, to 882 in 1973, to a peak of 1,033 and 1,018 in 1977 and 1978. Minkes were caught almost year-round (February to December), with the most important whaling ground being the central
1463:
and 5,841 (95% CI: 2,800-12,000) in the Northwest Pacific. A sighting survey conducted in the central Bering Sea between July and August 1999 estimated there were 936 (95% CI: 473-1,852) individuals in those waters, while line-transect sighting surveys that cruised from the central
959:
height – range 7 to 77 cm (2.8 to 30.3 in) – and is set about two-thirds the way along the back. They are dark gray dorsally and clean white ventrally. The lower jaw projects beyond the upper jaw and is dark gray on both sides – though, like the dwarf form, it can have a
4285:
Kishiro, T., Kato, H., Yoshida, H., Miyashita, T., Iwasaki, T., Kanaji, Y., and Kawahara, S. (2008). "Cruise report of the Second phase of the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the western North Pacific (JARPN II) in 2007 – Coastal component off Kushiro".
3200:. It was believed to have died after a prolonged starvation due to compacted plastic debris obstructing its digestive tract – the first confirmed case of death due to the ingestion of litter in a baleen whale. In May 2014, a 6.4 m (21 ft) individual that stranded at
4233:
Kishiro, T., Kato, H., Yoshida, H., Miyashita, T., Ryono, T., Tabata, S., and Kawahara, S. (2006). "Cruise report of the Second phase of the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the western North Pacific (JARPN II) in 2005 – Coastal component off Kushiro".
3921:
Pastene, L. A.; Goto, M.; Kanda, N.; Zerbini, A. N.; Kerem, D. A. N.; Watanabe, K.; Bessho, Y.; Hasegawa, M; Nielsen, R.; Larsen, F.; Palsböll, P. J. (2007). "Radiation and speciation of pelagic organisms during periods of global warming: the case of the common minke whale,
2433:
the whale approaches the water at an angle of less than 30° with its ventral surface facing downwards. Usually only the rostrum and part of the lower lip are visible above the surface of the water as it breaks the surface and often the tops of the extended ventral pleats.
4247:
Goto, M., Kato, H., Zenitani, R., Yoshida, H., Saito, T., Tabata, S., and Kawahara, S. (2007). "Cruise report of the second phase of the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the Western North Pacific (JARPN II) in 2006 – Coastal component off Sanriku".
4271:
Bando, T., Kato, H., Kishiro, T., Goto, M., Saito, T., Tabata, S., and Kawahara, S. (2008). "Cruise report of the second phase of the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the Western North Pacific (JARPN II) in 2007 – Coastal component off Sanriku".
4790:
Norris, T., Martin, S., Thomas, L., Yack, T., Oswald, J. N., Nosal, E. M., and Janik, V. (2012). "Acoustic ecology and behavior of minke whales in the Hawaiian and Marianas Islands: localization, abundance estimation, and characterization of minke whale 'boings'". In
1418:
There are estimated to be over 180,000 common minke whales in the North Atlantic. Sighting surveys conducted in the Northeastern Atlantic between 1996 and 2001 resulted in an estimated abundance of 107,205 whales, with 43,835 in the Barents Sea region, 26,718 around
1098:(analogous to the "shoulder streak" or "chevron" of the northern form), extends laterally down the back between the pectoral fins. It can point forward, backwards or form a straight line; this variability can help to identify individual whales. A pair of light gray
3252:
3248:
1074:, which occupies the distal third of the pectoral fin. This auxiliary patch is often completely separated from the thorax patch by the white of the shoulder blaze and a vertical extension of the ventral field, but can also narrowly or even broadly attach to it. A
2280:
Common minke whales are normally seen singly. In the San Juan Islands, although up to six whales could be seen in a feeding area at once they usually acted independently, with no indications of cooperative feeding like that observed in their larger relatives the
1594:, forty individuals were reliably identified using dorsal fin notches during the summer months (mainly July and August) between 1997 and 2008. Of these, fourteen (35%) were sighted on more than one day, while only five (12.5%) were seen in more than one year.
1586:(6.6%) in two years, and six (9.8%) in three years or more. One whale, first photographed in Skjálfandi Bay in July 2002, moved repeatedly between the two study sites over a period of nearly ten years, sometimes being sighted in both areas in the same season.
3249:
921:
scientists were an 8.7 m (29 ft) male and a 9 m (30 ft) female, while the longest caught by the Japanese in the western North Pacific were 8.5 m (28 ft) males and a 9.1 m (30 ft) female – the latter caught off eastern
7330:
Fujise, Y., Zenitani, R., Tamura, T., Bando, T., Ohtani, S., Takeda, S., Kitajima, A., Kimura, T., Masaki, T., and Tohyama, D. (2000). "Cruise report of the Japanese Whale Research Program under special permit in the North Pacific (JARPN) in 1999".
851:) on 1 July 2010, on the other hand, had a common minke mother and an Antarctic minke father. Her female fetus, in turn, was fathered by a North Atlantic common minke, demonstrating that back-crossing is possible between hybrids of the two species.
2469:
Plunges were used the most often (22% of the time), followed by ventral (19%), lateral (17%), and oblique lunges (15%). Vertical lunges were infrequently utilized (only 5% of the time), as were horizontal (7%), ventral (6%), and lateral arcs (3%).
707:
by Italian fisherman, who flensed it on the beach. Scammon mentioned its "dwarfish size", "pointed head", "falcated dorsal fin", and the "white band" on its "inordinately small, pointed pectorals". In 1877, the Italian geologist and paleontologist
3092:
in May and the southwestern Sea of Japan from June to October. Most were caught from April to June, with a peak in the Yellow Sea in April and in the Sea of Japan in June. They were also caught in the northern Yellow Sea and off the east coast of
2792:, but later catches (1966 to 1972) were mainly made in Trinity Bay itself. The season extended from May to September (rarely October), with peak catches being made in June and July. A small number – 51 between 1962 and 1967 – were also caught off
4205:
Kishiro, T., Kato, H., Yoshida, H., Miyashita, T., Ryono, T., Tabata, S., and Kawahara, S. (2005). "Cruise report of the coastal survey on common minke whales off Kushiro, northeast Japan: the 2004 JARPN II survey (Part II) – Coastal component".
2403:
In the Gulf of St. Lawrence, minke whales exhibit three types of behaviors: entrapment maneuvers, engulfment maneuvers, and entrapment/engulfment maneuvers. Entrapment maneuvers include circles, gyres, ellipses, figure-of-eights, and hyperbolas.
1590:
different days in four to six different years. Twenty-five showed strong small-scale site fidelity to either the Laurentian Channel Head or the Saguenay Fjord, with over three-quarters of their sightings occurring in one of these two areas. Off
2815:
and adjacent areas from 66°15'N to 70°45'N), the season begins in late May and peaks in July, August or September. In some years, mild ice-less winters also allow catching in this region from November to April. In the northwest (mainly the
3004:(720 gross tons, 1999) – until 1999. A total of 498 minke whales were caught. After a two-year feasibility study, JARPN II began in 2002, also taking up to 100 whales per year with a pelagic fleet consisting mainly of the same vessels –
771:
and created local pockets of upwelling, facilitating speciation by fragmenting populations. The radiation of common minke whales into the Northern Hemisphere occurred rapidly about 1.5 million years ago during a period of cooling in the
2728:
The first written records attest to the active hunting of minke whales off Norway by 1100 A.D. By 1240 they began utilizing iron darts fired from crossbows that had been treated with the tissue of dead sheep infected with the bacterium
549:'s account of his 1893–95 voyage to the Antarctic, when he mentioned catching a small whale "called in the Arctic language a Mencke whale, after a German who accompanied Mr. Foyn on some of his voyages." According to the British writer
2313:
were also seen breaching. Off Brazil, groups normally only consisted of one or two individuals, which actively avoided whale watching boats and fishing vessels. Here they were seen to associate with feeding flocks of seabirds, usually
7641:
Kato, H.; Fujise, Y.; Yoshida, H.; Nakagawa, S.; Ishida, M.; Tanifuji, S. (1990). "Cruise report and preliminary analysis of the 1988/89 Japanese feasibility study of the special permit proposal for southern hemisphere minke whales".
3251:
2387:
dive. Often the blowholes and dorsal fin are visible at the same time. Depending on its behavior, it may exhale anywhere from one to seven times in rapid succession before going on a longer dive of several minutes duration. In the
784:
There have been two confirmed hybrids between common and Antarctic minke whales. Both were caught in the northeastern North Atlantic by Norwegian whaling vessels. The first, an 8.25 m (27.1 ft) female taken off western
2083:
Common minke whales are a host to a number of internal and external parasites, as well as commensals, and other epibiotic fauna. Off Iceland, 45.2 per cent (85 of 188) of sampled minke whales bore old scars from attacks by the
7586:
Nicol, L. M., E. J. Gregr, R. Flinn, J. K. B. Ford, R. Gurney, L. Michaluk and A. Peacock. (2002). "British Columbia commercial whaling catch data 1908 to 1967: A detailed description of the B.C. historical whaling database".
1927:, with only the former species being found in whales sampled in September and the latter species likewise only being found in whales taken in October. Euphausiids make up nearly two-thirds of the diet (62%) around the western
3136:
178°12'E. An additional 180 minke whales (47 males, 133 females) which had flippers with a "clear white band" were taken by Japanese expeditions in the sub-Antarctic between 1972–73 and 1976–77, with a peak of 69 in 1975–76.
2888:. As the number of boats declined the average tonnage increased dramatically, from 14.6 in 1952 to 39 in 1982. In 1979, nine catchers averaged about 360 horsepower – they ranged from 15.2 tons and 150 horsepower for the tiny
2354:
and off Norway (54.3 to 68.1%). Larger individuals of both sexes primarily occur further north (off Svalbard and in the Barents Sea), while smaller individuals mainly occur to the south (e.g. along the Norwegian coast from
2534:
2499:
and then rotated in mid-air to the left, landing upright on its rostrum. This was not observed in any of the other feeding whales. This may have been done to avoid landing on the injured portion of its ventral pleats.
7001:
Jonsgård, Å (1977). "Tables showing the catch of small whales (including minke whales) caught by Norwegians in the period 1938–75, and large whales caught in different North Atlantic waters in the period 1868–1975".
1710:. The third soon stopped transmitting as well. The fourth ceased sending signals on 11 October, by which time it had reached 54°23'S, traveling some 6,000 km (3,700 mi) from its original tagging location.
5751:
Kasamatsu, F.; Yamamoto, Y.; Zenitani, R.; Ishikawa, H.; Ishibashi, T.; Sato, H.; Takashima, K.; Tanifuji, S. (1993). "Report of the 1990/91 southern minke whale research cruise under scientific permit in Area V".
1756:, which may correspond to about 15 to 20 years of age. Both sexes can live to about 50 years of age – the oldest in a study of Icelandic minke whales were 42 years for females and 47 years for males, respectively.
7240:
Fujise, Y., Kishiro, T., Zenitani, R., Matsuoka, K., Kawasaki, M., and Shimamoto, K. (1995). "Cruise report of the Japanese whale research program under a special permit for North Pacific minke whales in 1994".
2465:
are similar to lateral and ventral lunges, but without any part of the whale breaking the surface of the water. All three of these maneuvers have been observed with both expanded and unexpanded ventral pleats.
5609:
Windsland, K.; Lindstrom, U.; Nilssen, K. T.; Haug, T. (2007). "Relative abundance and size composition of prey in the common minke whale diet in selected areas of the northeastern Atlantic during 2000–04".
2903:
Several hundred minkes were caught each year, with the peak being reached in 1956, when 532 were taken. A total of 13,334 were taken by Japanese coastal whaling between 1948 and 1987. Most were caught off
3857:
Arnold, P.; Marsh, H.; Heinsohn, G. (1987). "The occurrence of two forms of minke whales in east Australian waters with a description of external characters and skeleton of the diminutive or dwarf form".
6224:
Sigurjónsson, J.; Gunnlaugsson, Th.; Ensor, P.; Newcomer, M.; Víkingsson, G. (1991). "North Atlantic sightings survey 1989 (NASS-89) shipboard surveys in Icelandic and adjacent waters July–August 1989".
2780:
three 12.2 to 15.2 m (40 to 50 ft) wood-hulled vessels that had a 50 mm harpoon cannon mounted on their bows. Whales were towed to a shore station for flensing. They were first caught in
7756:
Northridge, S., Cargill, A., Coram, A., Mandleberg, L., Calderan, S., and Reid, R. (2010). "Entanglement of minke whales in Scottish waters: an investigation into occurrence, causes and mitigation".
1471:
from July–August 2001 – 2003 estimated there were 1,232 (95% CI: 646-2,346) whales in that area, with the majority of the sightings around the eastern Aleutian Islands, particularly in and around
2735:. Introducing this infectious agent to a wound weakened the whale and after a couple days the men would return and lance it to death. This method of whaling continued to be used until the 1880s.
2566:. Two types, "speed-up" and "slow-down", were recorded off Puerto Rico, while the same two calls as well as a "constant" call, were recorded in Massachusetts Bay. They differ in pulse rate, peak
1602:
Three minke whales tagged off Iceland showed large-scale movements. One tagged off the north coast on 20 August 2002 first moved northeast of Iceland on 31 October before heading south, reaching
2811:
In southwest Greenland (south of 66°15'N), the season lasts from April to November, with peaks in May and October. Occasionally a few whales are caught in the winter. On the central west coast (
4862:
Tershy, B. R., Breese, D., and Strong, C. S. (1990). "Abundance, seasonal distribution and population composition of balaenopterid whales in the Canal de Ballenas, Gulf of California, Mexico".
592:. American whalemen in the 19th century simply thought of them as "young finbacks" or a "Finback's calf", apparently under the impression that they were juveniles of their larger relative, the
2532:
1840:, and copepods constituted the rest. Herring and haddock were also taken in the southern Barents Sea (accounting for 41.5 and 28.7 per cent by frequency of occurrence, respectively), while
926:
in 1977. For the dwarf form, the longest reported are a 7.62 m (25.0 ft) male caught in May 1973 and a 7.77 (25.5 ft) female caught in May 1970, both taken off South Africa.
1427:
and around the Svalbard archipelago, and 17,895 in the northern North Sea. There are an estimated 67,225 whales off Iceland. Based on an aerial survey performed in waters between northern
3097:(before 1936), where peak catches were reached from May to June and from April to June, respectively. About 16,000 were caught between 1940 and 1986, when hunting of minke whales ceased.
2491:
have been developed by these whales to help them herd small schooling fish (likely capelin) in the well-mixed waters of the Saguenay Fjord; these tactics were not observed in the nearby
2426:
involve the whale turning at least once at the end of a short straight line run – this maneuver is sometimes performed alongside a rock face, followed by an inward facing feeding lunge.
1691:
In the eastern North Pacific, individually identified minke whales were found to make intra-annual movements between feeding areas. Two whales traveled from southern (April) to northern
569:, inventor of the grenade harpoon. Meincke 'one day mistook a school of this whale species for blue whales.... most probably he made this mistake during Foyn's whaling operations in the
10030:
4831:
Norman, S. A.; Bowlby, C. E.; Brancato, M. S.; Calambokidis, J.; Duffield, D.; Gearin, P. J.; Scordino, J. (2004). "Cetacean strandings in Oregon and Washington between 1930 and 2002".
4356:
Kato, H.; Kishiro, T.; Fujise, T.; Wada, S. (1992). "Morphology of minke whales in the Okhotsk Sea, Sea of Japan and off the East Coast of Japan, with respect to stock identification".
5774:
Kato, H.; Hiroyama, H.; Fujise, Y.; Ono, K. (1989). "Preliminary report of the 1987/88 Japanese feasibility study of the special permit proposal for Southern Hemisphere minke whales".
3250:
3211:
Minke whale strandings on the Atlantic coast of the United States, from Maine to South Carolina, have increased in frequency since January 2017. These strandings have been declared an
2359:
south, in an area once known as a summering ground for newly weaned calves). In the Barents Sea, over 40 per cent of females are mature, with the vast majority being pregnant (94.4%).
1066:. The former covers the proximal two-thirds of the pectoral fin and continues along its leading edge, while the latter connects to the thorax patch above. A variably sized, dark oval
4129:
Hauksson, E.; Víkingsson, G. A.; Halldorsson, S. D.; Olafsdottir, D.; Sigurjónsson, J. (2011). "Preliminary report on biological parameters for NA minke whales in Icelandic waters".
2251:
encased in the boundary between its blubber and muscle, while an immature male caught in a gillnet off southern Brazil had a stomach heavily infested with nematodes of the genera
4192:
Sanriku coast, northeast Japan: the Japanese whale research program under special permit in the western North Pacific–Phase II (JARPN II) in 2003 (Part II) – Coastal component".
2438:
are executed at a greater angle (about 45°) and entirely expose the extended ventral pleats; at times the entire body exits the water in a low, porpoising-like breach. During a
2533:
1007:
The dwarf form has the most complex coloration of any baleen whale. Dark gray fields and capes alternate with light gray and white blazes, patches, and streaks. The dark gray
3793:
Van Waerebeek, K.; Andre, M.; Sequeira, M.; Martin, V.; Robineau, D.; Collet, A.; Papastavrou, V.; Ndiyaye, E. (1999). "Spatial and temporal distribution of the minke whale,
7475:
of the second phase of the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the western North Pacific (JARPN II) in 2012 (Part III) – Coastal component off Kushiro".
3239:
kept in the pool with it – and simply swam in a counter clockwise circle for 37 days before breaking through the nets on the morning of 2 January 1956, not long after three
1984:. An immature female caught in the sub-Antarctic had euphausiids in its stomach, while two pregnant females from the same area had consumed fish and a mature male only had
5925:
Ford, J. K.; Ellis, G. M.; Matkin, D. R.; Balcomb, K. C.; Briggs, D.; Morton, A. B. (2005). "Killer whale attacks on minke whales: prey capture and antipredator tactics".
5265:
Zerbini, A. N.; Waite, J. M.; Laake, J. L.; Wade, P. R. (2006). "Abundance, trends and distribution of baleen whales off Western Alaska and the central Aleutian Islands".
820:) on 20 June 2007, was the result of a pairing between a female Antarctic minke and a male common minke. The second, a pregnant female taken off northwestern Spitsbergen (
5213:
Buckland, S. T.; Cattanach, K. L.; Miyashita, T. (1992). "Minke whale abundance in the northwest Pacific and Okhotsk Sea, estimated from 1989 and 1990 sighting surveys".
1668:. The third traveled the greatest distance. After being tagged in Faxaflói Bay on 27 August 2004 its first signal wasn't received until 17 November, when it was over the
5452:
Víkingsson, G. A. and M. P. Heide-Jørgensen. (2013). "Migration and local movements of common minke whales tracked by satellite in the North Atlantic during 2001-2010".
2495:
Head, where "strong tidal currents, a stratified water column and bottom topography combine to create large areas of upwelling in which prey are forced to the surface".
2016:, Alaska, in 1996 – in both instances they were attacked and killed. Killer whales typically only eat the tongue, skin, and some of the blubber of the minkes they kill.
5721:
Tamura, T., Konishi, K., Isoda, T., and P. Okamoto. (2009). "Prey consumption and feeding habits of common minke, sei and Bryde's whales in the western North Pacific".
747:
testing. This testing also confirmed that the Antarctic minke whale is the closest relative of the common minke whale, thus confirming the validity of the minke whale
2558:(median: 118 Hz) to below 90 Hz (median: 80 Hz) have been recorded in the St. Lawrence estuary of eastern Canada. Pulse trains have been recorded off
2301:
Northern minke whales occasionally breach, sometimes completely clearing the water – one individual in the Johnstone Strait area reacted to the approach of foraging
6002:
4742:
Rankin, S.; Norris, T. F.; Smultea, M. A.; Oedekoven, C.; Zoidis, A. M.; Silva, E.; Rivers, J. (2007). "A visual sighting and acoustic detections of minke whales,
2657:
array, detected boings off the northwestern Hawaiian Islands on 7 November 2002 and discovered they came from a minke whale, which they photographed and biopsied.
1544:
In the San Juan Islands, 14 out of 18 whales were within their primary range on at least 94 per cent of sightings. Of the three sub-regions, Range A, northwest of
1499:
There are no population estimates for dwarf minke whales due to sighting surveys not being able to distinguish it from the much more common Antarctic minke whale.
7944:
2477:, on the north side of the St. Lawrence estuary, from June to October 2003. These maneuvers included head slaps, chip-up blows, and exhales on the dive. During a
10373:
2554:
In the North Atlantic, minke whales produce downsweeps and "pulse" or "thump trains". Downsweeps, which last 0.4 seconds in duration and sweep down from 100-200
2232:
attached to their dorsal fins. Both are primarily warm water species and may be evidence of migration for minke whales from British Columbia to tropical waters.
1443:, line-transect aerial surveys done in August–September 1995 and July–August 1996 estimated there were 1,020 minke whales there, with about 75% of them on the
1548:, had the most stable constituency, with five individuals seen repeatedly over the study period, accounting for all but one of 88 sightings. Range B, east of
1491:, there are estimated to be 475 (95% CI: 221-1,020) whales based on sightings from ship-based line-transect surveys made during the summers of 2004 and 2005.
1055:
covers the posterior portion of the caudal peduncle to the tips of the dorsal side of the flukes, which are white ventrally and thinly bordered by dark gray.
3281:
3280:. In addition, the species is covered by the Memorandum of Understanding for the Conservation of Cetaceans and Their Habitats in the Pacific Islands Region (
3104:
in the western North Pacific, with 21 being taken by pelagic fleets between 1933 and 1979 and an additional 94 being caught by catchers operating out of the
2350:
the northeastern North Atlantic, females dominate around the Svalbard archipelago and in the Barents Sea (62.2 to 73.9%), while males predominate around the
2091:, while a further 10.6 per cent had fresh scars on the posterior part of their flanks; five were found with live lampreys still clinging to their flesh. The
3326:
2362:
In the western North Pacific, larger animals are typically found in higher latitudes (e.g. in the Okhotsk Sea, south of the Kuril Islands, and around the
7439:
second phase of the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the Western North Pacific (JARPN II) in 2008 (part I) – Offshore component".
1577:
In a photo-identification study of minke whales off Iceland conducted between 2001 and 2010, a total of 353 whales were individually identified: 292 in
2422:
are smaller versions of ellipses, with a long axis of less than six body lengths. The whale turns in opposite directions at each end of the long axis.
1706:, in July 2013. All four followed the coastline south. Two stopped transmitting off southern Queensland, while the other two traveled west through the
4927:
Magalhaes, F. A., Severo, M. M., Tosi, C. H., Garri, R. G., Zerbini, A. N., Chellappa, S. and Silva, F. J. L. (2007). "Record of a dwarf minke whale (
3028:
in 2003 and 2008, respectively – but expanding its operations to include a coastal component using three to four small-type sampling vessels – mainly
2064:, was discovered on the carcass of a 5.3 m (17.4 ft) female minke whale experimentally placed at a depth of 125 m (410 ft) in the
10095:
3052:
increased from 56 (1971) to 74.5 tons (1982) and from about 220 (1971) to nearly 539 horsepower (1982). In 1982, they ranged from the diminutive
739:
Until recently, all minke whales were considered a single species. However, the common minke whale was recognized as a separate species from the
6175:
Araki, J.; Kuramochi, T.; Machida, M.; Nagazawa, K.; Uchida, A. (1997). "A note on the parasite fauna of the western North Pacific minke whale (
5503:
1450:
Estimates published in 2021 (based on 2014-2019 data) indicate that there are up to 150,000 individuals in Norwegian waters. Researchers at the
7832:
Van Waerebeek, K.; Baker, A. N.; Félix, F.; Gedamke, J.; Iñiguez, M.; Sanino, G. P.; Secchi, E.; Sutaria, D.; van Helden, A.; Wang, Y. (2007).
5432:
Bartha, G. B., Gowans, S., Simard, P., Tetley, M., and Keith, E. O. (2011). "Population size and site fidelity of North Atlantic minke whales (
6300:
Larsen, F.; Kapel, F. O. (1982). "Norwegian minke whaling off West Greenland, 1976–80 and biological studies of West Greenland minke whales".
4945:
Zerbini, A. N.; Secchi, E. R.; Siciliano, S.; Simões-Lopes, P. C. (1997). "A review of the occurrence and distribution of whales of the genus
1863:
was more varied, including herring (34 per cent by occurrence), pelagic crustaceans (23%), Atlantic cod (22%), haddock (6%), and a mixture of
10186:
10134:
7021:
Nasu, K (1992). "Catches of Minke Whales during the Ancient Whaling Era in Japan with a Note on pre-World War II Catches by Modern Whaling".
1031:, which reaches down to the ventral pleats and extends back to the front of the pectoral fins. Further back the spinal field extends into a
10328:
2222:
In the eastern North Pacific, forty-three of forty-four individually identified minke whales possessed what were believed to be scars from
995:
Dwarf minke whale showing prominent white flipper and shoulder blazes, the light gray thorax patch, and the various dark gray dorsal fields
7661:
Wada, S.; Numachi, K. (1979). "External and biochemical characters as an approach to stock identification for the Antarctic minke whale".
6393:
Hauksson, E., Víkingsson, G., and Sigurjónsson, J. (2013). "Geographic, temporal and size segregation of sexes of the common minke whale (
5471:"Seasonal movements and ecological markers as evidence for migration of common minke whales photo-identified in the eastern North Pacific"
3212:
2916:, with the Pacific side of Hokkaido gaining some importance by the early 1970s. They were seldom caught off the west coast of Honshu (off
2764:
have been caught by Norwegian commercial whaling since 1938. In accordance with the moratorium against commercial whaling voted on by the
759:
Common and Antarctic minke whales diverged from each other in the Southern Hemisphere 4.7 million years ago, during a prolonged period of
7124:
Ohsumi, S (1982). "Minke whales in the coastal waters of Japan, 1980 and a population assessment of the Okhotsk Sea-West Pacific stock".
2685:"almost synthetic, metallic, or mechanical", has been recorded during June and July on the northern Great Barrier Reef (about 14°30'S to
2457:
a whale turns sharply – on either side – with only a pectoral fin or occasionally a tip of the flukes breaking the surface of the water.
9996:
4723:
Folkow, L. P.; Blix, A. S. (1991). "Norwegian whale sightings and acoustic surveys in the Atlantic Ocean during the winter of 1989/90".
2142:
was found attached to a baleen plate that belonged to a 7.9 m (26 ft) male caught off the northwest coast in 2005, while four
10363:
1121:(and occasionally blue and fin whales), dwarf minkes can exhibit auxiliary ridges on either side of the central ridge of the rostrum.
2724:
Norwegian minke whale quotas (blue line, 1994–2006) and catches (red line, 1946.2005) in numbers (from Norwegian official statistics)
865:
668:(1780), was the first to describe the minke, noting its small size and white baleen – but he described it erroneously under the name
5655:
Víkingsson, G.; Elvarsson, B.; Chosson, V.; Olafsdottir, D. (2013). "Recent changes in the diet composition of common minke whales (
5368:
Bertulli, C. G.; Rasmussen, M. H.; Tetley, M. J. (2013). "Photo-identification rate and wide-scale movement of common minke whales (
2614:
of up to 9 kHz. These strange calls were recorded from October to May – peaking in March – and had a source level of about 150
10353:
10069:
7998:
Official website of the Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans in the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Contiguous Atlantic Area
7905:
Abstract book of the 28th Annual Conference of the European Cetacean Society: Marine mammals as sentinels of a changing environment
2856:
in 1930. In the first half of the 1930s, about 20-30 was taken per year out of this port. Minke whaling soon spread to the port of
5570:
Skaug, H. J.; Bérubé, M.; Rew, M. B.; Palsbøll, P. J. (2007). "Genetic analyses reveal promiscuous mating in female minke whales,
10358:
10108:
5182:
4590:
Higdon, J. W.; Ferguson, S. H. (2011). "Reports of humpback and minke whales in the Hudson Bay region, eastern Canadian Arctic".
1828:, accounting for about three-quarters of their diet in both regions. Nearly half (nearly 46 per cent) also consumed euphausiids (
3227:
Several minke whales have been briefly held in captive settings in Japan. All were kept at the Mito Aquarium, in the suburbs of
2308:
All of the dwarf minke whales caught off South Africa were taken singly. The majority of sightings of dwarf minke whales on the
10338:
3319:
2789:
2004:
There have been numerous recorded instances of killer whales preying on or attacking common minke whales in places such as the
1451:
4994:
Acevedo, J.; Olavarría, C.; Plana, J.; Aguayo-Lobo, A.; Larrea, A.; Pastene, L. A. (2011). "Occurrence of dwarf minke whales (
3399:
1102:
extend posteriorly behind the blowholes, often curving to the left – the left more strongly than the right. Occasionally fine
10235:
10152:
6831:
Gedamke, J.; Costa, D. P.; Dunstan, A. (2001). "Localization and visual verification of a complex minke whale vocalization".
6435:
4375:
Hauksson, E.; Christensen, I.; Víkingsson, G. A.; Halldorsson, S. D. (2013). "Morphometric comparison of common minke whales
3757:
3715:
3556:
2939:, which caught 279 minke whales from 1973 to 1975, mainly in the Okhotsk Sea. Japanese pelagic fleets also caught six in the
1956:(4.9% in sub-area 9), and mackerel were also consumed. They are thought to feed on juvenile herring and probably sand lance (
879:
10113:
2848:
There is no evidence minke whales were caught in Japan during the harpoon and net whaling eras. The small-type catcher boat
9956:
5836:
4624:
Freitas, L, Dinis, A. and Alves, F. (2006). "Occurrence and distribution of cetaceans off Maderia archipelago (Portugal)".
2473:
Novel feeding techniques were observed during a study of five individually identified minke whales (named M1 to M5) in the
7834:"Vessel collisions with small cetaceans worldwide and with large whales in the Southern Hemisphere, an initial assessment"
4493:
Arnold, P. W.; Birtles, R. A.; Dunstan, A.; Lukoschek, V.; Matthews, M. (2005). "Colour patterns of the dwarf minke whale
7619:
Nishiwaki, S., Ishikawa, H. and Fujise, Y. (2005). "Review of the general methodology and survey procedure under JARPA".
6456:
Ohsumi, S (1983). "Minke whales in the coastal waters of Japan in 1981, with special reference to their stock boundary".
5118:
Heide-Jørgensen, M. P.; Borchers, D. L.; Witting, L.; Laidre, K. L.; Simon, M. J.; Rosing-Asvid, A.; Pike, D. G. (2008).
3797:(Lacepede, 1804), in the southern northeast Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, with reference to stock identity".
1078:
usually covers the posterior third of the right lower jaw, while the left side is normally dark gray. Similarly, a white
7721:
Perkins, J. S., and Beamish, P. C. (1979). "Net entanglements of baleen whales in the inshore fishery of Newfoundland".
7421:
Program under Special Permit in the western North Pacific – Phase II (JARPN II) in 2003 (part I) – Offshore component".
3160:. Entanglements have been reported off Korea, Japan, Canada, the United States, the Azores, Scotland, Portugal, France,
191:
10333:
10056:
7222:
Ohsumi, S.; Wada, S. (1978). "Provisional report on the minke whale caught under special permit in the North Pacific".
4036:
Glover, K. A.; Kanda, N.; Haug, T.; Pastene, L. A.; Øien, N.; Seliussen, B. B.; Sørvik, A. G. E.; Skaug, H. J. (2013).
2943:, four in 1964 and two in 1971; an additional 22 were taken by pelagic fleets in the western North Pacific and western
2829:
2525:
7797:
Laist, D. W.; Knowlton, A. R.; Mead, J. G.; Collet, A. S.; Podesta, M. (2001). "Collisions between ships and whales".
7403:
Research Program under Special Permit in the Western North Pacific (JARPN II) in 2006 (part I) – Offshore component".
5154:
Kingsley, M. C. S.; Reeves, R. R. (1998). "Aerial surveys of cetaceans in the Gulf of St. Lawrence in 1995 and 1996".
4437:
Acevedo, J.; Aguayo-Lobo, A.; Acuna, P.; Pastene, L. A. (2006). "A note on the first record of the dwarf minke whale (
3708:
The Marine Mammals of the North-western Coast of North America: Together with an Account of the American Whale-fishery
3284:) and the Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans in the Black Sea Mediterranean Sea and Contiguous Atlantic Area (
2950:
10199:
8037:
7682:
An, Y. R., Choi, S. G., & Moon, D. Y. (2010). "A review on the status of bycatch minke whales in Korean waters".
792:
3538:
3299:
823:
10300:
9077:
6887:
Christensen, I (1982). "Catch and effort and the sex composition in the Norwegian minke whale fishery, 1976-1980".
4638:
3076:, all three with 1,000 horsepower. Minkes were permitted to be landed for flensing at the main whaling stations of
2765:
327:
6804:
Delarue, J.; Martin, B.; Hannay, D. (2013). "Minke whale boing sound detections in the northeastern Chukchi Sea".
3379:
3339:
3044:(46 gross tons, 2003–2010) – with a total of up to 120 individuals being caught off Sanriku in the spring and off
10191:
9059:
6677:"Minke whale acoustic behavior and multi-year seasonal and diel vocalization patterns in Massachusetts Bay, USA"
5394:) in the St. Lawrence based on the presence of dorsal fin edge marks". In Evans, P. G. H. and V. Ridoux (eds.).
3108:
land stations – the annual catch in the latter region never exceeded nine or ten whales (1951, 1954, and 1956).
3080:, on the east coast, and Ucheango, on the west coast, as well as Jukbyeon, Kuryongpo, Heusando, Daichangdo, and
1688:
Islands. In all, it traveled 3,700 km (2,300 mi) from its tagging location in a little over 100 days.
9783:
7738:
Heyning, J. E.; Lewis, T. D. (1990). "Entanglements of baleen whales in fishing gear off southern California".
7601:
Da Rocha, J. M.; Braga, N. M. A. (1982). "Brazil Progress Report on cetacean research, June 1980 to May 1981".
7549:
Gong, Y.; Hwang, B.N. (1984). "Effort, catch and sightings data for the minke whale fishery in Korean waters".
6281:
Larsen, F.; Kapel, F. O. (1981). "Collection of biological material of minke whales off West Greenland, 1979".
3977:
Glover, K. A.; Kanda, N.; Haug, T.; Pastene, L. A.; Øien, N.; Goto, M.; Seliussen, B. B.; Skaug, H. J. (2010).
3112:
2219:, which infected the small intestine and were found in 17 per cent of the sample (all three species combined).
1640:
1605:
5198:
Før trodde forskerne det var cirka 100.000 vågehval i norske farvann. Nå mener de tallet er 50 prosent høyere.
4759:
4333:
Zerbini, A. N.; Secchi, E. R.; Siciliano, S.; Simoes-Lopes, P. C. (1996). "The dwarf form of the minke whale,
3882:"Cetacean mitochondrial DNA control region: sequences of all extant baleen whales and two sperm whale species"
3641:
3359:
10368:
10173:
9200:
8925:
8916:
1070:(formerly called a "flipper oval") lies behind the pectoral fin, often appearing to merge with the dark gray
768:
2928:
side of Hokkaido as well. They were formerly captured off western Kyushu and the south coasts of Honshu and
2118:, was found anchored into the flesh of 10.3 per cent of the whales (M. I. 1.6, with a maximum of five). The
1676:. Its next position was transmitted six days later, some 700 km (430 mi) to the south, around the
10348:
9729:
8746:
8737:
8669:
7203:
Miyashita, T.; Hatanaka, H. (1997). "A note on whaling grounds for the western North Pacific minke whale".
5906:
Rice, D. W. (1968). "Stomach contents and feeding behavior of killer whales in the eastern North Pacific".
3216:
2474:
1004:
with up to 45 per cent of the posterior plates shading from black to dusky gray along their outer margins.
7703:
Tobayama, T.; Yanagisawa, F.; Kasuya, T. (1992). "Incidental take of minke whales in Japanese trap nets".
7385:
Special Permit in the western North Pacific – Phase II (JARPN II) in 2002 (part I) – Offshore component".
10147:
10004:
9978:
9828:
9756:
8967:
8934:
8696:
7899:
Jauniaux, T.; Haelters, J.; Degraer, S.; Coignoul, F. (2014). "Fatal plastic impaction in a minke whale (
6338:
Larsen, F.; Øien, N. (1988). "On the discreteness of stocks of minke whales at East and West Greenland".
5356:
Distribution, diving behaviour and identification of the North Atlantic minke whale in northeast Scotland
4655:
3473:
1699:
1537:
from 1981 to 1987 – although in the last region most were only photographed incidentally to the study of
10009:
7184:
Wada, S (1988). "Catch and CPUE trend for the Okhotsk Sea-West Pacific stock of minke whales, 1977-86".
7143:
Wada, S (1985). "Further analysis of CPUE data for the Okhotsk Sea-West Pacific stock of minke whales".
4885:
Rankin, S.; Barlow, J. (2005). "Source of the North Pacific "boing" sound attributed to minke whales"".
9861:
9852:
8779:
8187:
7869:(2010). "Trophic transfer of the harmful algal toxin domoic acid as a cause of death in a minke whale (
4465:
Dawson, S. M.; Slooten, E. (1990). "Stranding of a dwarf minke whale at Banks Peninsula, New Zealand".
4090:Øien, N (1988). "Length distribution in catches from the northeastern Atlantic stock of minke whales".
3829:
Best, P (1985). "External characters of southern minke whales and the existence of a diminutive form".
528:
7457:
western North Pacific (JARPN II) in 2011 – (Part II) – Coastal component off Kushiro, spring survey".
6982:
Kapel, F.O. (1980). "Sex ratio and seasonal distribution of catch of minke whales in West Greenland".
3144:
Minke whales are occasionally caught in fishing gear of various types, including set nets, fish pots,
2413:
are larger versions of circles that steadily decrease in diameter as the whale performs each circuit.
2027:
have been found scavenging the blubber thrown overboard during Norwegian minke whaling operations off
1142:
Common minke whales have a disjointed distribution. In the North Atlantic, they occur as far north as
676:, basing his description partly on the stranding of a 4.26 m (14.0 ft) juvenile female near
10305:
10214:
9747:
9702:
9670:
9661:
9646:
9637:
9487:
9086:
8943:
8196:
4153:
Kato, H (1992). "Body length, reproduction and stock separation of minke whales off Northern Japan".
3201:
1476:
1274:
south along the entire west coast of North America (including the U.S. states of Alaska, Washington,
565:, citing the Norwegian scientist Age Jonsgård, stated "that Meincke was a German laborer working for
562:
545:
The origins of the species' common name are obscure. One of the first references to the name came in
6763:
Hannay, D. E.; Delarue, J.; Mouy, X.; Martin, B. S.; Leary, D.; Oswald, J. N.; Vallarta, J. (2013).
6503:
Lynas, E. M.; Sylvestre, J. P. (1988). "Feeding techniques and foraging strategies of minke whales (
5883:
5059:
4686:
3774:
The whalebone whales of the western North Atlantic: Compared with those occurring in European waters
2160:
Among a sample of 100 minke whales caught in the western North Pacific in 1995, 78% had the copepod
1899:
In the North Pacific, small schooling fish and krill are major food items. They feed exclusively on
10035:
9970:
9885:
9876:
9810:
9774:
9738:
9711:
9587:
9260:
9209:
8994:
8579:
6244:
Hassel, L. B.; Venturotti, A.; Magalhães, F. A.; Cuenca, S.; Siciliano, S.; Marques, F. F. (2003).
2881:
2228:
2178:
1432:
1110:, while dark or light speckling or streaking can occur along the flanks as well as what are called
684:
461:
10165:
9983:
7918:
3619:
10279:
9596:
9404:
8588:
6475:
Wada, S (1989). "Latitudinal segregation of the Okhotsk Sea-West Pacific stock of minke whales".
6319:
Larsen, F.; Kapel, F. O. (1983). "Further biological studies of the West Greenland minke whale".
4220:
Special Permit in the western North Pacific (JARPN II) in 2005 – Coastal component off Sanriku".
2272:
2098:
was found on 11.9 per cent of individuals, with a mean intensity (M. I.) of 95.5 per whale – the
1936:
7162:
Wada, S (1986). "CPUE trend for the Okhotsk Sea-West Pacific stock of minke whales, 1977-1984".
5869:
Ford, J. K.; Reeves, R. R. (2008). "Fight or flight: antipredator strategies of baleen whales".
5302:"Distribution and abundance of marine mammals in the coastal waters of British Columbia, Canada"
5234:"Mysticete whale abundance and observations on prey association on the central Bering Sea shelf"
3127:
Few dwarf minke whales have been reported taken by whaling operations. Thirteen were caught off
3048:, on the Pacific side of Hokkaido, in the fall. This research program continues to the present.
10266:
10100:
9918:
9801:
9765:
9720:
9605:
9413:
8490:
8472:
7866:
6906:
Christensen, I.; Øien, N. (1990). "Operational patterns of the Norwegian minke whale fishery".
6427:
6419:
5878:
5469:
Towers, J. R.; McMillan, C.J.; Malleson, M.; Hildering, J.; Ford, J.K.B.; Ellis, G. M. (2013).
5337:
Gill, A., Fairbairns, B., and Fairbairns, R. (2000). "Photo-identification of the minke whale (
5054:
4416:) from the west coast of North America: individual recognition and small-scale site fidelity".
3735:
Omura, H. and H. Sakiura. (1956). "Studies on the little piked whale from the coast of Japan".
2114:
1953:
1876:
1440:
1394:
1330:
1318:
874:
716:
from a juvenile specimen that was captured off Italy in 1771. Both were later synonymized with
7568:
Gong, Y. (1987). "A note on the distribution and abundance of minke whales in Korean waters".
5703:
Kasamatsu, F.; Hata, T. (1985). "Notes on minke whales in the Okhotsk Sea-West Pacific area".
886:
10343:
10261:
9027:
9018:
8250:
8030:
6765:"Marine mammal acoustic detections in the northeastern Chukchi Sea, September 2007–July 2011"
4673:
740:
691:, after an 8.3 m (27 ft) pregnant female that was found dead on the north shore of
311:
10253:
5837:"A review of killer whale interactions with other marine mammals: predation to co-existence"
3546:
2429:
Engulfment maneuvers include plunges, oblique, lateral, vertical and ventral lunges. During
1633:
on 8 November. Another, tagged in Faxaflói Bay on 14 September 2004, turned south along the
9965:
9496:
9422:
8660:
8178:
7806:
6840:
6776:
6729:
6688:
6675:
Risch, D.; Clark, C. W.; Dugan, P. J.; Popescu, M.; Siebert, U.; Van Parijs, S. M. (2013).
6654:
Mellinger, D. K., Carson, C. D., and Clark, C. W. (2000). "Characteristics of minke whale (
6609:
5934:
5274:
5120:"Estimates of large whale abundance in West Greenland waters from an aerial survey in 2005"
5084:"Estimates of large whale abundance in Greenlandic waters from a ship-based survey in 2005"
5007:
4894:
3990:
3935:
3183:
poisoning by ingesting northern anchovies – a known domoic acid vector – during an intense
2840:
between 1960 and 1971, with a peak of 32 in 1968. One was also taken off Portugal in 1951.
2747:
2599:
2595:
2388:
2176:
was found on the skin of four whales, while a single whale had the pseudo-stalked barnacle
1821:
1366:
696:
415:
10126:
5960:
Leclerc, L. M.; Lydersen, C.; Haug, T.; Glover, K. A.; Fisk, A. T.; Kovacs, K. M. (2011).
3898:
3881:
3761:
3016:
3010:
2578:
In the North Pacific, what were called "boings" was first described in the mid-1960s from
1943:(13%); on the Pacific side of Hokkaido, they feed almost exclusively on sardine (99%). In
1322:
8:
9837:
9792:
9505:
9233:
8720:
8636:
8627:
8499:
8009:
7989:
7945:"2017–2021 Minke Whale Unusual Mortality Event along the Atlantic Coast | NOAA Fisheries"
6530:) off central California, and the probability of a whale surfacing within visual range".
5421:
Poster presented at the 20th Annual Conference of the European Cetacean Society in Gdynia
3197:
3193:
2825:
2821:
2698:
2686:
2673:
2669:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2005:
1969:
1931:, with unidentified fish (19%) constituting most of the rest. On the Okhotsk Sea side of
1436:
1291:
1287:
1231:
1159:
550:
450:
139:
7810:
6844:
6780:
6733:
6692:
6613:
5938:
5278:
5011:
4898:
3994:
3939:
3196:. In March 2013, a severely emaciated 3.4 m (11 ft) juvenile male stranded at
2606:– of 2.2 seconds duration (range: 1.4 to 4.2 seconds). Both had peak frequencies of 1.4
2125:
was found on the skin of 6.5 per cent of the whales (M.I. 37), while the pseudo-stalked
1198:. There are occasional sightings and strandings off Spain and Portugal, western Sahara,
9819:
9284:
9275:
9042:
8851:
8842:
8827:
8818:
8678:
8612:
8603:
8547:
8538:
7818:
6357:
Laidre, K. L.; Heagerty, P. J.; Heide-Jørgensen, M. P.; Witting, L.; Simon, M. (2009).
6109:
6078:
6054:
6025:
5946:
5855:
5552:
5183:"Norge får kritikk for hvalfangsten - mens antallet vågehval i norsk farvann bare øker"
5023:
4773:
4607:
4064:
4037:
4013:
3978:
3959:
3460:
3257:
3240:
2947:
in 1969, 1970, and 1976 – the last, a 6.4 m (21 ft) immature female taken at
2917:
2877:
2853:
2772:
Minke whales were first caught off Iceland in 1914 by the powered 4-ton fishing vessel
2492:
2453:
Entrapment/engulfment maneuvers include horizontal, lateral and ventral arcs. During a
2334:
offshore waters increases with latitude, being lowest in the south (less than 40% from
2309:
2223:
1703:
1669:
1634:
1518:
1402:
1283:
1235:
1035:, which usually forms an inverted triangle between the thorax patch and the light gray
709:
700:
609:
391:
186:
8003:
7277:
with some preliminary analysis of data collected during the 1994–1996 JARPN surveys".
4379:
from different areas of the North Atlantic, including animals from Icelandic waters".
2739:
971:
trailing from the blowholes. A thin, light gray, forward-directed chevron, called the
672:(the taxonomic designation for the beaked whale). In 1804, Baron de Lacepede named it
378:
10248:
10204:
10017:
9685:
9367:
9358:
8770:
8687:
8398:
8389:
6856:
6817:
6745:
6621:
6596:
Kot, B. W.; Ramp, C.; Sears, R. (2009). "Decreased feeding ability of a minke whale (
6581:
6431:
6157:
6153:
6114:
6059:
6003:"Great white sharks, blue sharks spotted feasting on minke whale carcass off Ventura"
5892:
5041:
Skaug, H. J.; Øien, N.; Schweder, T.; Bøthun, G. (2004). "Abundance of minke whales (
4910:
4412:
Dorsey, E. M., Stern, S. J., Hoelzel, A. R., and Jacobsen, J. (1990). "Minke whales (
4069:
4018:
3951:
3947:
3903:
3753:
3711:
3562:
3552:
3468:
3045:
2921:
2690:
2563:
2363:
2060:
2032:
2013:
1872:
1871:
for one individual (1.5%). In the North Sea, they primarily fed on sandeel (62%) and
1864:
1362:
1334:
1215:
1000:
899:
890:
Minke whale in the Gulf of St. Lawrence showing scars perhaps caused by killer whales
744:
704:
677:
546:
7865:
Fire, S. E.; Wang, Z.; Berman, M.; Langlois, G. W.; Morton, S. L.; Sekula-Wood, E.;
7774:
Verriopoulou, A.; Tounta, E.; Dendrinos, P. (2001). "First report of a minke whale (
5556:
5027:
4777:
4611:
3963:
3596:
2370:), while smaller animals, especially females, dominate in lower latitudes (e.g. off
1326:
1314:
1087:
extends up from the ventral field, being bordered on each side by light gray double
9620:
9542:
9533:
9523:
9242:
9183:
9068:
8899:
8295:
8277:
8268:
8023:
7882:
7845:
7814:
6848:
6813:
6784:
6737:
6696:
6617:
6576:
6566:
6374:
6261:
6149:
6104:
6094:
6049:
6041:
5981:
5942:
5888:
5851:
5815:
5681:
Mitchell, E (1974). "Preliminary report on Newfoundland fishery for minke whales".
5544:
5482:
5313:
5282:
5245:
5163:
5131:
5095:
5064:
5015:
4902:
4763:
4755:
4599:
4570:
4533:
4059:
4049:
4008:
3998:
3943:
3893:
3614:
3432:
3228:
3185:
3153:
3116:
2367:
2290:
2206:
1961:
1948:
1928:
1837:
1805:
1692:
1556:
1534:
1530:
1514:
1488:
1480:
1464:
1151:
1118:
760:
633:
558:
10022:
6963:
Kapel, F.O. (1978). "Catch of minke whales by fishing vessels in West Greenland".
6944:
Kapel, F.O. (1977). "Catch statistics for minke whales, West Greenland, 1954-74".
5804:), caught in southern Brazilian waters, with a new record of prey for the species"
4038:"Hybrids between common and Antarctic minke whales are fertile and can back-cross"
3179:
In April 2007, a 4.08 m (13.4 ft) juvenile female minke whale died from
1182:
in 1986 and Button Bay in 1990), and they have also been observed occasionally in
1138:
View of a common minke whale underwater, showing the diagnostic white flipper band
111:
10222:
9003:
8985:
8976:
8866:
8481:
8463:
8445:
8313:
7530:
Brownell Jr., R.L. (1981). "Review of coastal whaling by the Republic of Korea".
6363:) in Greenland, and the influence of sea temperature on the sex ratio of catches"
4003:
2865:
2857:
2587:
2236:
2024:
2009:
1912:
1900:
1549:
1468:
1398:
1370:
1279:
1247:
692:
625:
601:
10292:
10178:
10139:
5415:
Morris, C. and Tscherter, U. (2006). "Site fidelity of individual minke whales (
364:
8884:
8651:
8523:
8514:
8361:
8352:
8084:
7968:
Kimura, S.; Nemoto, T. (1956). "Note on a minke whale kept alive in aquarium".
5548:
3478:
3446:
3132:
2940:
2781:
2760:
2282:
2193:
2133:
2132:
was found on the flukes of three whales (M.I. 5.3). A single individual of the
1908:
1753:
1745:
1681:
1346:
1271:
1263:
1251:
1211:
1195:
975:, lies between the pectoral fins. Two light gray to whitish swaths, called the
903:
661:
404:
6789:
6764:
6526:
Stern, J. S. (1992). "Surfacing rates and surfacing patterns of minke whales (
5390:
Tscherter, U. and Morris, C. (2005). "Identifying a majority of minke whales (
5286:
5019:
2450:
the whale exits the water at a 90° angle and while on its back, respectively.
937:
10322:
10121:
9941:
9477:
9302:
8705:
8430:
8379:
8146:
8137:
7886:
6403:
presented at the International Whaling Commission's Icelandic Special Meeting
6379:
6358:
6201:
Murphy, M. A. (1995). "Occurrence and group characteristics of minke whales,
5986:
5961:
3605:
3542:
3277:
3205:
3157:
3105:
3089:
3081:
2965:
2952:
2837:
2785:
2694:
2594:– with a duration of 0.28 seconds (range: 0.15 to 1.6 seconds) followed by a
2351:
2295:
2197:
2102:
2069:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1781:
1655:
1642:
1620:
1607:
1484:
1424:
1382:
1239:
1183:
1155:
911:
838:
825:
807:
794:
570:
159:
154:
62:
6571:
6550:
6099:
5487:
5470:
5136:
5119:
4054:
3566:
1856:
1582:
10061:
9560:
9123:
9114:
9104:
8232:
8112:
8096:
7919:"Beached New Jersey whale tests positive for virus that afflicted dolphins"
7067:
Oshumi, S (1978). "A note on minke whales in the coastal waters of Japan".
6860:
6749:
6161:
6118:
6063:
6045:
5454:
Reports of the International Whaling Commission's Icelandic Special Meeting
5318:
5301:
5250:
5233:
5100:
5083:
4914:
4073:
4022:
3955:
3101:
2984:
2925:
2885:
2302:
2240:
2052:
1965:
1833:
1809:
1749:
1567:
1545:
1538:
1522:
1428:
1354:
1259:
1091:, which extend down from the peduncle field and flank patch, respectively.
907:
729:
511:
500:
273:
7045:
Ohsumi, S (1977). "Catch of minke whales in the coastal waters of Japan".
5400:
Proceedings of the 15th Annual Conference of the European Cetacean Society
3907:
3517:) is the North Pacific form; the dwarf southern hemisphere form is unnamed
2738:
Norwegian catching of minke whales from small fishing vessels started off
1804:. A small percentage of individuals, by decreasing frequency, also fed on
1637:
about two weeks later; its last signal was received on 8 October at about
1444:
10274:
10160:
10082:
9950:
9321:
8562:
8161:
8090:
8015:
4603:
4497:
sensu lato: description, cladistic analysis and taxonomic implications".
3189:
3180:
3145:
3094:
2909:
2793:
2755:
2751:
2731:
2619:
2559:
2375:
2314:
2137:
2119:
2085:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1904:
1884:
1825:
1793:
1789:
1707:
1591:
1571:
1472:
1378:
1267:
1234:, and in the southeastern North Atlantic between 10°40'N and 19°35'N and
786:
773:
496:
288:
243:
37:
10227:
4374:
4128:
3111:
One was caught off British Columbia and taken to the whaling station at
2720:
2486:
principal technique used by M1, M2, and M3 prior to a feeding lunge. An
2150:
on a 5.3 m (17 ft) female caught off the north coast in 2003.
1578:
1302:
1278:, and California and the Canadian province of British Columbia) down to
10074:
8337:
8328:
8286:
8127:
7850:
7833:
7105:
Ohsumi, S (1981). "Minke whales in the coastal waters of Japan, 1979".
7086:
Ohsumi, S (1980). "Minke whales in the coastal waters of Japan, 1978".
6420:"On whale exploitation in the eastern part of the North Atlantic Ocean"
6266:
6245:
5820:
5799:
4768:
3085:
2944:
2654:
2546:
2040:
2036:
1940:
1880:
1769:
1741:
1685:
1560:
1526:
1374:
1255:
1199:
1187:
1175:
1163:
1143:
566:
522:
82:
47:
6852:
6741:
6701:
6676:
4906:
3497:
Except population of West Greenland, which is included in Appendix II.
1306:
10087:
10043:
9578:
9440:
8304:
8259:
6223:
5798:
Secchi, E. R.; Barcellos, L.; Zerbini, A. N.; Dalla Rosa, L. (2003).
5654:
4575:
4554:
4538:
4517:
3261:
2817:
2812:
2607:
2583:
2579:
2567:
2318:
2286:
2182:
attached to its skin. All individuals sampled were infected with the
2099:
2092:
2065:
1888:
1875:(nearly 30%), with some feeding on herring (16.2%), small amounts of
1846:
1765:
1420:
1358:
1342:
1219:
1179:
1171:
1107:
991:
942:
898:, and one of the smallest baleen whales (second smallest only to the
621:
593:
203:
87:
9912:
6356:
5167:
5117:
5068:
1992:
off southern Brazil had a stomach almost filled with the euphausiid
963:
at the rear corner of the right lower jaw. An indistinct light gray
10048:
9935:
9339:
9312:
9224:
9165:
8958:
8761:
8078:
8066:
6387:
5372:) in the coastal waters of Faxaflói and Skjálfandi Bays, Iceland".
3285:
3236:
3149:
2913:
2611:
2187:
2183:
2126:
2072:
2028:
1932:
1868:
1286:. During winter, they've been acoustically recorded mainly between
1167:
1147:
1058:
The most prominent features on the dwarf minke whale are the white
923:
764:
518:
223:
125:
77:
72:
57:
52:
42:
30:
6132:
Nichols, O. C.; Tscherter, U. T. (2010). "Feeding of sea lampreys
4944:
4332:
3551:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 723–743.
1310:
9385:
9251:
9147:
9138:
8794:
8214:
8047:
6024:
Glover, A. G; Kallstrom, B.; Smith, C. R; Dahlgren, T. G (2005).
5750:
5531:
Olsen, E.; Sunde, J. (2002). "Age determination of minke whales (
5232:
Moore, S. E.; Waite, J. M.; Mazzuca, L. L.; Hobbs, R. C. (2000).
3548:
Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
3306:
3232:
3169:
2929:
2905:
2710:
2615:
2371:
2356:
2202:
2055:
1944:
1860:
1852:
1841:
1817:
1813:
1801:
1386:
1338:
1227:
1223:
1203:
1191:
918:
895:
507:
263:
253:
92:
67:
10240:
5797:
4993:
4830:
4639:"The Status of Cetaceans in the Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea"
4110:
Report of the Scientific Committee on North Pacific minke whales
3792:
2243:, New Zealand, had a stomach heavily infested with the nematode
2201:
in their small intestine. Other internal parasites included the
1780:
In the North Atlantic, they primarily eat small schooling fish,
9991:
8875:
8072:
8060:
6716:
Oswald, J. N.; Au, W. W.; Duennebier, F. (2011). "Minke whale (
6243:
5468:
3406:
3386:
3346:
3265:
3173:
3165:
3128:
2924:), which was abandoned by the mid-1970s. Few were taken on the
2873:
2869:
2861:
2805:
2801:
2743:
1792:
they fed almost exclusively on members of the euphausiid genus
1677:
1298:
1275:
1243:
1207:
725:
233:
213:
7831:
7313:
Program under a special permit in the North pacific in 1998".
6397:) in Icelandic waters based on catch data from 1974 to 2009".
5734:
Perrin, W. F., Bernd G. Würsig, and J. G. M. Thewissen. 2009.
4436:
4236:
Paper SC/58/O10 submitted to the 58th IWC Scientific Committee
4194:
Paper SC/56/O14 submitted to the 56th IWC Scientific Committee
1968:
region they have been observed feeding on baitfish – probably
1723:
1698:
Four dwarf minke whales were attached with satellite tags off
1270:
in the north. In the eastern North Pacific, they occur in the
10287:
9459:
9450:
9349:
6925:
Sigurjónsson, J (1982). "Icelandic minke whaling 1914-1980".
6174:
5608:
5045:) in the Northeast Atlantic: variability in time and space".
4492:
4288:
Paper SC/60/O7 submitted to the 60th IWC Scientific Committee
4274:
Paper SC/60/O6 submitted to the 60th IWC scientific Committee
4250:
Paper SC/59/O6 submitted to the 59th IWC scientific Committee
4222:
Paper SC/58/09 Submitted to the 58th IWC Scientific Committee
4208:
Paper SC/57/O4 submitted to the 57th IWC Scientific Committee
4177:
Paper SC/55/O8 submitted to the 55th IWC Scientific Committee
3161:
3077:
2622:
2555:
2153:
In the St. Lawrence Estuary of eastern Canada, sea lampreys (
2039:
have also been observed feeding on a minke whale carcass off
1785:
1728:
1680:, while its last signal was received on 5 December along the
1673:
1350:
1230:, the Antilles, the east coast of the United States south of
1134:
748:
176:
170:
6720:) boings detected at the Station ALOHA Cabled Observatory".
6023:
5446:
5082:
Heide-Jørgensen, M. P.; Simon, M. J.; Laidre, K. L. (2007).
4849:
Leatherwood, S., Stewart, B. S., and Folkens, P. A. (1987).
4741:
4700:
Mitchell, E. D. (1991). "Winter records of the minke whale (
4626:
Twentieth annual conference of the European Cetacean Society
3276:
The common minke whale is considered "Least Concern" on the
2192:
in their stomachs (sometimes their small intestine) and the
2108:
was also found attached to 22 (6.6%) of a sub-sample of 332
1222:(1880 and 1926). During the winter it has been recorded off
1027:. The nape field, in turn, extends even further down into a
9395:
8803:
7997:
7773:
7589:
Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
4746:(Cetacea: Balaenopteridae), in nearshore Hawaiian waters".
4656:"Current knowledge of the cetacean fauna of the Greek Seas"
4307:
Christensen, I (1981). "Age determination of minke whales,
3366:
2701:). They also produce downswept calls of 250 to 50 Hz.
2322:
1390:
6634:
Edds-Walton, P. L. (2000). "Vocalisations of minke whales
5212:
5081:
4851:
Cetaceans of the Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary
2164:
anchored into their skin and blubber – the goose barnacle
2075:
to feed on the bones of whales that fall to the seafloor.
967:
may be present, and a few individuals can have pale, thin
525:
period (age range: 3.6 million years ago to present day).
8428:
7640:
5959:
5659:) in Icelandic waters – Consequence of climate change?".
5113:
5111:
4971:
Arnold, P. W. (1997). "Occurrence of dwarf minke whales (
4760:
10.2984/1534-6188(2007)61[395:avsaad]2.0.co;2
3440:
3088:
from March to April. From there, catches extended to the
2590:, in the 1950s. They consist of a brief pulse – called a
7702:
7511:
Gong, Y (1981). "Minke whales in the waters off Korea".
6250:) off the eastern coast of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil"
3660:
The cruise of the 'Antarctic' to the South Polar regions
2235:
An immature male dwarf minke whale that stranded on the
2226:, while three had individuals of the commensal barnacle
8110:
7796:
6762:
6034:
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
5367:
5040:
4808:
Ivashin, M. V.; Votrogov, L. M. (1981). "Minke whales,
3920:
3879:
3788:
3786:
3784:
3782:
2988:
and two to three sighting/sampling vessels – including
2742:, western Norway, in the 1920s. It had spread north to
2442:
the whale breaks the surface on its side, while during
1768:, but their diet also includes pelagic crustaceans and
1454:
say that these estimates are 50% higher than previous.
1023:
and a light gray, triangular, usually forwardly peaked
882:, showing the blowholes and dorsal fin at the same time
7864:
7767:
7196:
6674:
6498:
6496:
6494:
6492:
6490:
5924:
5569:
5231:
5108:
5075:
4803:
4801:
4035:
3976:
7825:
6548:
6217:
5773:
5264:
5149:
5147:
4355:
4262:
submitted to the 59th IWC Scientific Committee, 43pp.
4108:
Ivashin, M. (1992). "USSR catch and sightings data".
3748:
Boertman, David. (2007). "Greenland red list", p.60.
1935:
they mainly feed on euphausiids (55%), but also take
1094:
A variably shaped, thin, light gray line, called the
7698:
7696:
6899:
6555:, in the Saguenay-St. Lawrence National Marine Park"
6549:
Kuker, K. J.; Thomson, J. A.; Tscherter, U. (2005).
6426:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. pp.
6125:
6070:
5835:
Jefferson, T. A.; Stacey, P.J.; Baird, R.W. (1991).
5834:
5828:
5746:
5744:
5698:
5696:
5604:
5602:
4812:, inhabiting inshore waters of the Chukotka coast".
4460:
4458:
4456:
4311:, from laminated structures in the tympanic bulla".
3779:
3422:
3235:
given to it – though it may have fed on a school of
2418:
Unlike circles, surface traces are rarely apparent.
930:
0.84 to 8.35 metric tons, 0.93 to 9.20 short tons).
517:
This species is known in the fossil record from the
7970:
Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute
7750:
7715:
6830:
6803:
6487:
5535:) using the aspartic acid racemization technique".
5409:
5384:
5208:
5206:
4880:
4878:
4876:
4843:
4798:
4124:
4122:
4120:
4118:
3979:"Migration of Antarctic minke whales to the Arctic"
3860:
Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute
3856:
3831:
Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute
3731:
3729:
3727:
2935:In 1973 a duel factory-catcher boat was built, the
1980:In the Southern Ocean, dwarf minkes feed mainly on
1800:), but nearly a fifth also fed on small amounts of
1555:In the Monterey Bay area, Range A was north of the
7990:Smithsonian Institution – North American Mammals:
7613:
6715:
6648:
5648:
5436:) off the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia, Canada".
5293:
5144:
5047:Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
4975:) on the northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia".
4583:
4432:
4430:
4328:
4326:
4302:
4300:
4298:
4296:
4187:
4185:
4170:
4168:
3100:A small number of minke whales were caught by the
2672:, while the latter has only been recorded east of
724:a "diminutive form" based on specimens caught off
7961:
7893:
7731:
7693:
7594:
7450:
7432:
7306:
7288:
7202:
6918:
5793:
5791:
5789:
5741:
5693:
5599:
5526:
5524:
4921:
4488:
4486:
4484:
4482:
4480:
4453:
4408:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4394:
3852:
3850:
3848:
3846:
3844:
2896:at 450 horsepower. The largest was the 47.77-ton
2746:by 1932 and all along the Norwegian coast and to
10320:
7654:
7468:
6880:
6833:The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
6824:
6797:
6722:The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
6551:"Novel surface feeding tactics of minke whales,
6312:
6293:
6274:
6131:
6076:
5800:"Biological observation on a dwarf minke whale (
5361:
5203:
4873:
4704:Lacepede 1804) in the southern North Atlantic".
4546:
4368:
4115:
3880:Árnason, Ú.; Gullberg, A.; Widegren, B. (1993).
3724:
7740:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7705:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7663:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7644:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7603:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7570:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7551:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7532:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7513:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7414:
7396:
7378:
7360:
7342:
7324:
7270:
7252:
7234:
7224:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7215:
7205:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7186:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7164:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7145:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7126:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7107:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7088:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7069:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7047:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7023:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
7004:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
6984:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
6965:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
6946:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
6927:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
6908:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
6905:
6889:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
6756:
6709:
6628:
6532:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
6477:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
6458:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
6350:
6340:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
6331:
6321:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
6302:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
6283:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
6237:
6227:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
5953:
5776:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
5769:
5767:
5754:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
5705:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
5683:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
5676:
5674:
5661:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
5632:Jonsgård, A (1982). "The food of minke whales (
5627:
5625:
5348:
5343:Report to the Hebridean Whale and Dolphin Trust
5333:
5331:
5329:
5258:
5215:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
4987:
4977:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
4951:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
4938:
4864:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
4814:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
4807:
4725:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
4706:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
4618:
4427:
4418:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
4381:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
4339:Reports of the International Whaling Commission
4323:
4293:
4279:
4255:
4227:
4213:
4199:
4182:
4165:
3914:
2796:, with the season lasting from June to August.
1919:(found in 61 per cent of sampled stomachs) and
1684:, 1,000 km (620 mi) northwest of the
7790:
7678:
7676:
7580:
7542:
7486:
7062:
7060:
7040:
7038:
7036:
6668:
6542:
6502:
6451:
6449:
6447:
6413:
6411:
6196:
6194:
6181:Report of the International Whaling Commission
6168:
6079:"Epibiotic macrofauna on common minke whales,
6017:
5862:
5786:
5638:Report of the International Whaling Commission
5521:
5426:
5299:
5153:
4856:
4824:
4784:
4735:
4716:
4589:
4509:
4477:
4391:
4358:Report of the International Whaling Commission
4313:Report of the International Whaling Commission
4155:Report of the International Whaling Commission
4131:Report of the International Whaling Commission
4092:Report of the International Whaling Commission
4029:
3970:
3841:
3056:, only 18.3 tons and a mere 45 horsepower, to
2305:by breaching eight times in rapid succession.
1114:– "parallel, dark, usually vertical stripes".
894:The common minke whale is the smallest of the
683:In 1872, the American whaleman and naturalist
8031:
7858:
7634:
7600:
7523:
6994:
6875:The grandest of lives: eye to eye with whales
6867:
5702:
5563:
5504:"Minke route pits whale hunt against tourism"
5501:
5464:
5462:
5358:(Doctoral dissertation, Aberdeen University).
5225:
5034:
4966:
4964:
4464:
4265:
3620:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T2474A50348265.en
3008:was enlarged to 8,030 gross tons in 2006 and
2982:of the 7,198 to 7,575 gross ton factory ship
2660:Boings have been divided into two types: the
1988:in its stomach. An immature male caught in a
1672:, 900 km (560 mi) west of northern
7967:
7737:
7529:
7179:
7177:
6924:
6595:
6589:
6417:
6359:"Sexual segregation of common minke whales (
6000:
5918:
5764:
5671:
5622:
5326:
4887:Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
4884:
4693:
4552:
4349:
4241:
3536:
2668:. The former has only been recorded west of
1174:during summer. There are a few records from
1039:. This flank patch can be separated into an
941:Minke whale's size relative to a Zodiac off
7673:
7660:
7117:
7098:
7079:
7057:
7033:
6886:
6658:) pulse trains recorded near Puerto Rico".
6444:
6408:
6318:
6299:
6280:
6191:
5612:Journal of Cetacean Research and Management
5576:Journal of Cetacean Research and Management
5374:Journal of Cetacean Research and Management
4833:Journal of Cetacean Research and Management
4443:Journal of Cetacean Research and Management
4306:
4148:
4146:
4144:
4102:
4085:
4083:
3824:
3822:
3820:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3812:
3799:Journal of Cetacean Research and Management
3672:
3670:
3668:
3594:
2526:Pulse trains recorded in the North Atlantic
2276:Common minke whale breaching off the Azores
2078:
1764:Common minke whales have been described as
1479:; a few sightings were also made along the
1301:(June to February, including the states of
8045:
8038:
8024:
7907:, Liège, Belgium, 5–9 April 2014. pp. 168.
7221:
6975:
6956:
6937:
6519:
6337:
6205:, in Massachusetts Bay and Cape Cod Bay".
6026:"World-wide whale worms? A new species of
5994:
5970:) whaling operations in Svalbard (Norway)"
5868:
5715:
5594:The Natural History of Whales and Dolphins
5530:
5459:
4961:
4722:
4515:
3750:Greenland Government and Aarhus University
1597:
1294:in the eastern and central North Pacific.
377:
363:
148:
124:
110:
10374:Taxa named by Bernard Germain de Lacépède
9531:
9485:
7942:
7916:
7849:
7838:Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals
7625:presented at the pre-JARPA review meeting
7561:
7548:
7504:
7499:submitted to the IWC Scientific Committee
7481:submitted to the IWC Scientific Committee
7463:submitted to the IWC Scientific Committee
7445:submitted to the IWC Scientific Committee
7427:submitted to the IWC Scientific Committee
7409:submitted to the IWC Scientific Committee
7391:submitted to the IWC Scientific Committee
7373:presented to the IWC Scientific Committee
7355:presented to the IWC Scientific Committee
7319:presented to the IWC Scientific Committee
7301:presented to the IWC Scientific Committee
7283:presented to the IWC Scientific Committee
7265:presented to the IWC Scientific Committee
7247:presented to the IWC Scientific Committee
7174:
7155:
7136:
7014:
6788:
6700:
6580:
6570:
6468:
6378:
6265:
6254:Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals
6246:"Summer sightings of dwarf minke whales (
6108:
6098:
6053:
5985:
5882:
5819:
5808:Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals
5586:
5486:
5317:
5249:
5135:
5099:
5058:
4998:subsp.) around the Antarctic Peninsula".
4767:
4574:
4537:
4063:
4053:
4012:
4002:
3897:
3701:
3699:
3642:"Fossilworks: Balaenoptera acutorostrata"
3618:
3537:Mead, J. G.; Brownell, R. L. Jr. (2005).
1879:(10.8%), copepods, haddock, capelin, and
1106:may be present behind the opening of the
612:: "bay whale"). In Japan they are called
7723:Journal of the Fisheries Board of Canada
7000:
5899:
5680:
5631:
5434:Balaenoptera acutorostrata acutorostrata
4699:
4141:
4080:
3809:
3766:
3683:
3665:
3245:
3122:
2719:
2679:
2271:
2172:on three of the whales. The whale louse
1975:
1923:(18%) are consumed east of the southern
1851:), Atlantic cod, copepods, euphausiids,
1832:) in the former area – haddock (12.5%),
1772:and varies by region, season, and year.
1722:
1513:of 55 whales were identified, 30 in the
1238:and 20°05'W. In the western and central
1133:
1015:. This spinal field extends down into a
990:
936:
885:
873:
863:
555:The mammals of Great Britain and Ireland
527:
9310:
5180:
3705:
3652:
1581:Bay, on the southwest coast, and 61 in
1047:by a dark triangular or even wave-like
10321:
9448:
8387:
7938:
7936:
7367:Pacific-phase II (JARPN II) in 2001".
7123:
7104:
7085:
7066:
7044:
6507:) in the St. Lawrence River estuary".
6455:
6200:
6140:in the St. Lawrence Estuary, Canada".
6077:Ólafsdóttir, D.; Shinn, A. P. (2013).
5636:) in northern North Atlantic waters".
5341:) around the Isle of Mull, Scotland".
4970:
4175:survey off Kushiro, northeast Japan".
3875:
3873:
3776:. Washington: Smithsonian institution.
3696:
3590:
3588:
3586:
3584:
3582:
3580:
3578:
3576:
3271:
3243:had been introduced to the same pool.
1494:
1452:Norwegian Institute of Marine Research
9917:
9916:
8427:
8109:
8019:
7873:) stranding in southern California".
7778:Lacepede, 1804) in Hellenic waters".
7493:2012 (part I) – Offshore component".
7337:presented to the JARPN review meeting
6981:
6962:
6943:
6525:
5738:. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Academic Press.
5537:Sarsia: North Atlantic Marine Science
3899:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040061
2398:
2381:
2146:were found attached to a specimen of
1952:Alaska pollock (7.8% in sub-area 7),
1297:The dwarf form has been recorded off
736:) lacked these contrasting markings.
10215:7ac83053-2b9a-4f92-ace6-9670d3884117
9347:
7567:
7510:
7183:
7161:
7142:
7020:
6600:) with entanglement-like injuries".
6474:
6083:Lacépède, 1804, in Icelandic waters"
5905:
4853:. National Marine Sanctuary Program.
4810:Balaenoptera acutorostrata davidsoni
4793:The Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life
4152:
4089:
3828:
3256:Common minke whale breaching in the
3000:(812.08 gross tons, 1995–1999), and
1566:During a study conducted around the
1529:from 1984 to 1987, and eight in the
10329:IUCN Red List least concern species
9393:
7933:
7762:Final Report to Scottish Government
6001:Thomas, Pete (September 30, 2013).
5502:Darby, Andrew (November 30, 2013).
4516:Abraham, K. F.; Lim, B. K. (1990).
3870:
3678:The whalebone whales of New England
3606:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
3573:
3530:
2868:(about 1951), on the west coast of
2852:GRT caught the first minkes out of
2715:
2507:
1775:
540:
510:and the second smallest species of
13:
7819:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2001.tb00980.x
6424:The Whale Problem: A Status Report
5947:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2005.tb01254.x
5856:10.1111/j.1365-2907.1991.tb00291.x
4795:(pp. 149-153). Springer, New York.
4553:Pattie, D. L.; Webber, M. (1992).
3139:
2860:(1938), on the northeast coast of
2843:
2836:A total of 97 were caught off the
2830:Royal Greenland Trading Department
2573:
2514:
1894:
870:Skeleton of the Common minke whale
576:It has formerly been known as the
534:Balaenoptera acutorostrata cuvieri
506:It is the smallest species of the
133:Size compared to an average human
14:
10385:
10364:Extant Pliocene first appearances
10036:balaenoptera-acutorostrata-subspp
9060:Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (
7983:
5300:Williams, R.; Thomas, L. (2007).
3634:
1836:(8.3%), polar cod, Atlantic cod,
1413:
880:Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park
7910:
6818:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2012.00611.x
6622:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2009.00285.x
6154:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02842.x
6030:from the shallow north Atlantic"
5893:10.1111/j.1365-2907.2008.00118.x
5419:) in the St. Lawrence estuary".
4555:"First record of a minke whale,
4499:Memoirs of the Queensland Museum
3948:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2007.03244.x
3453:
3439:
3425:
3398:
3378:
3358:
3338:
3318:
3298:
3040:(32 gross tons, 2002–2012), and
2996:(758.33 gross tons, 1994–1998),
2992:(739.92 gross tons, 1994–1999),
2766:International Whaling Commission
2693:, Queensland (27°30'S), and off
2545:Problems playing this file? See
2530:
2502:
1507:
1457:
953:
190:
35:
10354:Cetaceans of the Atlantic Ocean
9201:Indo-Pacific finless porpoise (
9078:Tamanend's bottlenose dolphin (
8926:Indian Ocean humpback dolphin (
8917:Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (
5728:
5495:
5181:Budalen, Andreas (2021-12-11).
5174:
4648:
4631:
3886:Molecular Biology and Evolution
3742:
3032:(47.31 gross tons, 2002–2012),
2247:and cysts of the cestode genus
1788:. A 2007 study showed that off
1718:
1124:
1019:, which separates a light gray
864:
10359:Cetaceans of the Pacific Ocean
8747:Southern right whale dolphin (
8738:Northern right whale dolphin (
8670:Atlantic white-sided dolphin (
7943:Fisheries, NOAA (2021-03-08).
6681:Marine Ecology Progress Series
6638:in the St. Lawrence estuary".
6367:ICES Journal of Marine Science
5736:Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals
5396:European research on cetaceans
3500:
3491:
2978:, was a special permit catch.
2769:with 464 being taken in 2012.
2328:
2046:
1361:(March to December, including
1349:and Goree Passage of southern
1218:, with a few records from the
1190:. They have been recorded off
854:
1:
10339:Cetaceans of the Arctic Ocean
9784:Deraniyagala's beaked whale (
9757:Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale (
8968:Pantropical spotted dolphin (
8935:Australian humpback dolphin (
8697:Pacific white-sided dolphin (
7728:(5): 521-528 (abstract only).
7259:analysis of data collected".
6877:. Berkeley, CA: Counterpoint.
6873:Chadwick, Douglas H. (2008).
6665:(4): 739-756 (abstract only).
6559:The Canadian Field-Naturalist
5966:) scavenge offal from minke (
5443:(4): 454-463 (abstract only).
3524:
3213:Unusual Mortality Event (UME)
2892:(1978–1986) to the 36.99-ton
2759:by 1966 they had reached the
2267:
2019:
1521:from 1980 to 1984, 17 in the
1502:
1408:
1194:and occur year-round off the
986:
948:
769:Antarctic Circumpolar Current
754:
8780:Australian snubfin dolphin (
8188:North Atlantic right whale (
4949:along the Brazilian coast".
4933:JMBA2 – Biodiversity Records
4337:Lacepede, 1804, in Brazil".
4004:10.1371/journal.pone.0015197
3509:is the North Atlantic form;
3222:
3217:Marine Mammal Protection Act
3064:– each nearly 99 tons – and
3036:(32 gross tons, 2002–2010),
2475:Saguenay Fjord National Park
2213:Diplogonoporus balaenopterae
1999:
616:("little sardine whale") or
7:
9730:Blainville's beaked whale (
9671:Tropical bottlenose whale (
9647:Southern bottlenose whale (
9638:Northern bottlenose whale (
9087:Common bottlenose dolphin (
8944:Atlantic humpback dolphin (
8197:North Pacific right whale (
7917:Ly, Laura (June 12, 2014).
6645:(1): 31-50 (abstract only).
5592:Evans, Peter G. H. (1987).
5156:Canadian Journal of Zoology
4467:New Zealand Natural Science
3737:Sci. Rep. Whales Res. Inst.
3474:List of whale vocalizations
3418:
2262:
1972:, which is abundant there.
1487:. In the coastal waters of
674:Balaenoptera acuto-rostrata
651:
290:minke whale species complex
10:
10390:
9997:balaenoptera-acutorostrata
9984:Balaenoptera_acutorostrata
9971:Balaenoptera_acutorostrata
9957:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
9927:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
9829:Stejneger's beaked whale (
9210:Yangtze finless porpoise (
8995:Atlantic spotted dolphin (
8580:Short-finned pilot whale (
7992:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
7901:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
7871:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
7776:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
6769:Continental Shelf Research
6718:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
6656:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
6636:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
6598:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
6553:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
6528:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
6505:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
6422:. In W.E. Schevill (ed.).
6395:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
6361:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
6248:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
6203:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
6177:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
6138:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
6081:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
5968:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
5802:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
5657:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
5634:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
5572:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
5549:10.1080/003648202753631686
5533:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
5417:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
5392:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
5370:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
5339:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
5043:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
4996:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
4973:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
4929:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
4744:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
4702:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
4557:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
4520:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
4495:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
4439:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
4414:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
4377:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
4335:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
4309:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
3924:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
3795:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
3706:Scammon, Charles (1968) .
3599:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
3411:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
3391:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
3371:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
3351:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
3331:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
3311:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
3291:
3020:(742 gross tons) replaced
2708:
2704:
2068:. This genus of worm uses
1733:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
1713:
1393:, and as far south as the
1337:) from 2°44'S to 33°35'S,
1011:lies above an ivory white
779:
656:
492:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
321:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
10334:Mammals described in 1804
9925:
9874:
9862:Shepherd's beaked whale (
9850:
9683:
9659:
9618:
9576:
9559:
9522:
9476:
9439:
9405:Araguaian river dolphin (
9384:
9338:
9301:
9273:
9222:
9181:
9164:
9136:
9112:
9103:
9040:
9016:
8956:
8897:
8864:
8840:
8816:
8792:
8759:
8718:
8649:
8625:
8601:
8589:Long-finned pilot whale (
8560:
8536:
8512:
8461:
8444:
8440:
8423:
8378:
8350:
8326:
8230:
8213:
8159:
8135:
8126:
8122:
8105:
8055:
6790:10.1016/j.csr.2013.07.009
5508:The Sydney Morning Herald
5287:10.1016/j.dsr.2006.08.009
5020:10.1007/s00300-010-0884-y
4563:Canadian Field-Naturalist
4526:Canadian Field-Naturalist
3693:. Alfred Knopf, New York.
3202:Atlantic City, New Jersey
2882:short-finned pilot whales
1477:Islands of Four Mountains
1353:(February to April), off
632:("herring thresher"). In
397:
390:
385:
376:
372:Common minke whale range
371:
362:
340:
335:
317:
310:
187:Scientific classification
185:
168:
146:
137:
132:
123:
118:
109:
23:
9748:Gervais's beaked whale (
9703:Sowerby's beaked whale (
9414:Bolivian river dolphin (
7887:10.1578/am.36.4.2010.342
7684:IWC Scientific Committee
7349:II (JARPN II) in 2000".
5987:10.3402/polar.v30i0.7342
5354:Baumgartner, N. (2008).
3662:. London: Edward Arnold.
3545:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.).
3484:
2872:; and to Wakasa Bay and
2229:Xenobalanus globicipitis
2130:Xenobalanus globicipitis
2079:Parasites and epibiotics
1820:. Capelin dominated off
1129:
917:The longest measured by
695:in October 1870 in then
685:Charles Melville Scammon
644:(Common Minke whale) or
596:. They were also called
573:between 1868 and 1885."
431:Balaenoptera eschrichtii
386:Dwarf minke whale range
9886:Cuvier's beaked whale (
9811:Perrin's beaked whale (
9775:Hector's beaked whale (
9739:Ramari's beaked whale (
9712:Andrews' beaked whale (
9588:Arnoux's beaked whale (
9261:Burmeister's porpoise (
9028:Rough-toothed dolphin (
8452:(Oceanic dolphins)
8251:Antarctic minke whale (
8008:genome assembly in the
6572:10.22621/cfn.v119i2.109
6142:Journal of Fish Biology
6100:10.1186/1756-3305-6-105
6087:Parasites & Vectors
5964:Somniosus microcephalus
5488:10.47536/jcrm.v13i3.539
5475:J. Cetacean Res. Manage
5306:J. Cetacean Res. Manage
5238:J. Cetacean Res. Manage
5137:10.47536/jcrm.v10i2.646
5124:J. Cetacean Res. Manage
5088:J. Cetacean Res. Manage
4935:published online: 2 pp.
4931:) in northern Brazil".
4592:Northeastern Naturalist
4522:, record for James Bay"
4055:10.1186/1471-2156-14-25
3115:, on the west coast of
2649:urvey) survey, the R/V
2602:long call – called the
2342:) and highest north of
2012:, in 1977 and again in
1759:
1598:Migration and movements
859:
499:within the suborder of
9597:Baird's beaked whale (
9497:Ganges river dolphin (
9423:Amazon river dolphin (
8804:Orca or killer whale (
8728:(Right whale dolphins)
8661:White-beaked dolphin (
8179:Southern right whale (
7688:Available from the IWC
7591:No. 2396. viii +76 pp.
6380:10.1093/icesjms/fsp191
6046:10.1098/rspb.2005.3275
6005:. Pete Thomas Outdoors
5319:10.47536/jcrm.v9i1.688
5251:10.47536/jcrm.v2i3.912
5101:10.47536/jcrm.v9i2.686
4681:Cite journal requires
4441:) in Chilean waters".
3689:Ellis, Richard. 1980.
3268:
3204:, tested positive for
2920:, in Tsuruga Bay, and
2725:
2618:with reference to one
2519:
2277:
2168:was found attached to
2115:Pennella balaenopterae
1736:
1395:South Shetland Islands
1139:
996:
945:
891:
883:
871:
689:Balaenoptera davidsoni
624:they are known by the
537:
536:from Pliocene of Italy
458:Balaenoptera davidsoni
10262:Paleobiology Database
9838:Spade-toothed whale (
9802:True's beaked whale (
9793:Strap-toothed whale (
9766:Gray's beaked whale (
9721:Hubbs' beaked whale (
9606:Sato's beaked whale (
9506:Indus river dolphin (
9234:Spectacled porpoise (
9050:(Bottlenose dolphins)
8491:Heaviside's dolphin (
8473:Commerson's dolphin (
8278:Pygmy Bryde's whale (
7867:Benitez-Nelson, C. R.
7799:Marine Mammal Science
6806:Marine Mammal Science
6660:Marine Mammal Science
6602:Marine Mammal Science
6582:10536/DRO/DU:30102848
6418:Jonsgard, A. (1974).
5927:Marine Mammal Science
5189:(in Norwegian Bokmål)
4559:, in Manitoba waters"
4112:(Appendix 7), p. 168.
3763:(retrieved 2014.5.21)
3676:Allen, G. M. (1916).
3282:Pacific Cetaceans MOU
3255:
3014:(747 gross tons) and
2820:district, 70°45'N to
2723:
2518:
2275:
1954:minimal armhook squid
1859:, while the diet off
1726:
1210:and a vagrant in the
1206:. It is rare off the
1137:
1045:posterior flank patch
994:
940:
889:
877:
869:
741:Antarctic minke whale
640:(Whitewing Rorcual),
531:
303:B. acutorostrata
10369:Mammals of Greenland
9820:Pygmy beaked whale (
9693:(Mesoplodont whales)
8852:False killer whale (
8828:Melon-headed whale (
8548:Pygmy killer whale (
8242:Common minke whale (
5723:NAMMCO/SC/16/MMFI/07
4604:10.1656/045.018.0309
4518:"First minke whale,
3772:True, F. W. (1904).
3658:Bull, H. J. (1896).
3613:: e.T2474A50348265.
3595:Cooke, J.G. (2018).
3034:Sumitomo Maru No. 31
2898:Sumitomo Maru No. 31
2582:recordings made off
2389:Gulf of St. Lawrence
2198:Bolbosoma nipponicum
2123:Cyamus balaenopterae
2112:s. Another copepod,
1958:Ammodytes hexapterus
1824:and in the southern
1441:Gulf of St. Lawrence
1262:in the south to the
1158:and as far south as
1072:distal flipper patch
1051:. Finally, the dark
961:white mandible blaze
767:which disrupted the
712:described and named
697:Washington Territory
687:described and named
620:("minke whale"). In
604:: "dwarf whale") or
487:northern minke whale
119:A dwarf minke whale
10349:Cetaceans of Europe
9628:(Bottlenose whales)
9368:Dwarf sperm whale (
9359:Pygmy sperm whale (
9191:(Finless porpoises)
8907:(Humpback dolphins)
8771:Irrawaddy dolphin (
8688:Hourglass dolphin (
8399:Pygmy right whale (
8010:UCSC Genome Browser
7811:2001MMamS..17...35L
6845:2001ASAJ..109.3038G
6781:2013CSR....67..127H
6734:2011ASAJ..129.3353O
6693:2013MEPS..489..279R
6614:2009MMamS..25..706K
6040:(1581): 2587–2592.
5962:"Greenland sharks (
5939:2005MMamS..21..603F
5908:Norsk Hvalfangsttid
5279:2006DSRI...53.1772Z
5012:2011PoBio..34..313A
4899:2005ASAJ..118.3346R
3995:2010PLoSO...515197G
3940:2007MolEc..16.1481P
3507:B. a. acutorostrata
3272:Conservation status
3241:bottlenose dolphins
3198:Nieuwpoort, Belgium
3194:Southern California
3123:Southern Hemisphere
2962: /
2878:giant beaked whales
2697:, New South Wales (
2680:Southern Hemisphere
2600:amplitude modulated
2224:cookiecutter sharks
2006:Kamchatka Peninsula
1976:Southern Hemisphere
1877:Mueller's pearlside
1652: /
1617: /
1495:Southern Hemisphere
1381:(March to August),
878:Minke whale in the
835: /
804: /
642:Ballena minke común
590:sharp-headed finner
551:John Guille Millais
469:Sibbaldius mondinii
344:B. a. acutorostrata
140:Conservation status
9543:La Plata dolphin (
9243:Harbour porpoise (
9212:N. asiaeorientalis
9069:Burrunan dolphin (
8637:Fraser's dolphin (
8500:Hector's dolphin (
7851:10.5597/lajam00109
6267:10.5597/lajam00030
6134:Petromyzon marinus
5821:10.5597/lajam00039
4628:(poster abstract).
3691:The Book of Whales
3461:Marine life portal
3327:Trachea and Larynx
3269:
3258:St. Lawrence River
3030:Taisho Maru No. 28
2966:32.400°N 172.550°E
2726:
2651:David Starr Jordan
2586:, California, and
2520:
2493:Laurentian Channel
2488:exhale on the dive
2399:Feeding techniques
2382:Surfacing sequence
2310:Great Barrier Reef
2278:
2106:Udonella caligorum
2089:Petromyzon marinus
2033:Great white sharks
1737:
1704:Great Barrier Reef
1670:Mid-Atlantic Ridge
1403:Bellingshausen Sea
1284:Gulf of California
1242:, they range from
1140:
997:
946:
892:
884:
872:
714:Sibbaldius mondini
710:Giovanni Capellini
666:Fauna Groenlandica
578:little piked whale
538:
495:) is a species of
483:common minke whale
447:Agaphelus gibbosus
439:Pterobalaena minor
24:Common minke whale
10316:
10315:
10249:Open Tree of Life
9919:Taxon identifiers
9910:
9909:
9906:
9905:
9902:
9901:
9898:
9897:
9696:
9631:
9570:
9555:
9554:
9518:
9517:
9472:
9471:
9435:
9434:
9380:
9379:
9334:
9333:
9297:
9296:
9285:Dall's porpoise (
9194:
9175:
9160:
9159:
9099:
9098:
9053:
9004:Spinner dolphin (
8986:Striped dolphin (
8977:Clymene dolphin (
8910:
8731:
8679:Peale's dolphin (
8613:Risso's dolphin (
8573:
8482:Chilean dolphin (
8455:
8434:
8419:
8418:
8415:
8414:
8411:
8410:
8374:
8373:
8224:
8209:
8208:
8172:
8116:
6853:10.1121/1.1371763
6742:10.1121/1.3575555
6702:10.3354/meps10426
6437:978-0-674-95075-7
6373:(10): 2253–2266.
5273:(11): 1772–1790.
5267:Deep-Sea Research
4907:10.1121/1.2046747
4644:. 13 August 2021.
3928:Molecular Ecology
3758:978-87-990586-2-4
3717:978-0-486-21976-9
3558:978-0-8018-8221-0
3469:List of cetaceans
3253:
3022:Toshi Maru No. 25
3017:Yūshin Maru No. 3
3011:Yūshin Maru No. 2
2994:Toshi Maru No. 18
2990:Toshi Maru No. 25
2691:Stradbroke Island
2564:Massachusetts Bay
2535:
2096:Caligus elongatus
2061:Osedax mucofloris
2051:A new species of
1994:Euphausia similis
1917:Japanese mackerel
1873:Atlantic mackerel
1557:deep-water canyon
1363:Western Australia
1357:(May to August),
1335:Rio Grande do Sol
1216:Mediterranean Sea
1033:dark thorax field
1029:dark throat patch
1001:dwarf minke whale
900:Pygmy right whale
808:78.033°N 11.717°E
745:mitochondrial DNA
705:Port Townsend Bay
703:) and towed into
678:Cherbourg, France
638:Rorcual aliblanco
547:Henrik Johan Bull
479:
478:
473:
465:
454:
443:
435:
427:
419:
408:
180:
163:
16:Species of mammal
10381:
10309:
10308:
10296:
10295:
10283:
10282:
10270:
10269:
10257:
10256:
10244:
10243:
10231:
10230:
10218:
10217:
10208:
10207:
10195:
10194:
10182:
10181:
10179:NHMSYS0000080192
10169:
10168:
10156:
10155:
10143:
10142:
10130:
10129:
10117:
10116:
10104:
10103:
10091:
10090:
10078:
10077:
10065:
10064:
10052:
10051:
10039:
10038:
10026:
10025:
10013:
10012:
10000:
9999:
9987:
9986:
9974:
9973:
9961:
9960:
9959:
9946:
9945:
9944:
9914:
9913:
9695:
9694:
9690:
9630:
9629:
9625:
9574:
9573:
9569:
9568:
9564:
9529:
9528:
9483:
9482:
9446:
9445:
9407:I. araguaiaensis
9391:
9390:
9345:
9344:
9324:P. macrocephalus
9308:
9307:
9193:
9192:
9188:
9179:
9178:
9174:
9173:
9169:
9110:
9109:
9052:
9051:
9047:
8909:
8908:
8904:
8885:Guiana dolphin (
8730:
8729:
8725:
8582:G. macrorhynchus
8572:
8571:
8567:
8524:Common dolphin (
8459:
8458:
8454:
8453:
8449:
8442:
8441:
8433:(Toothed whales)
8432:
8425:
8424:
8385:
8384:
8362:Humpback whale (
8244:B. acutorostrata
8228:
8227:
8223:
8222:
8218:
8171:
8170:
8166:
8133:
8132:
8124:
8123:
8114:
8107:
8106:
8040:
8033:
8026:
8017:
8016:
7978:
7977:
7965:
7959:
7958:
7956:
7955:
7940:
7931:
7930:
7928:
7926:
7914:
7908:
7897:
7891:
7890:
7862:
7856:
7855:
7853:
7829:
7823:
7822:
7794:
7788:
7787:
7771:
7765:
7754:
7748:
7747:
7735:
7729:
7719:
7713:
7712:
7700:
7691:
7680:
7671:
7670:
7658:
7652:
7651:
7638:
7632:
7617:
7611:
7610:
7598:
7592:
7584:
7578:
7577:
7565:
7559:
7558:
7546:
7540:
7539:
7527:
7521:
7520:
7508:
7502:
7490:
7484:
7472:
7466:
7454:
7448:
7436:
7430:
7418:
7412:
7400:
7394:
7382:
7376:
7364:
7358:
7346:
7340:
7328:
7322:
7310:
7304:
7292:
7286:
7274:
7268:
7256:
7250:
7238:
7232:
7231:
7219:
7213:
7212:
7200:
7194:
7193:
7181:
7172:
7171:
7159:
7153:
7152:
7140:
7134:
7133:
7121:
7115:
7114:
7102:
7096:
7095:
7083:
7077:
7076:
7064:
7055:
7054:
7042:
7031:
7030:
7018:
7012:
7011:
6998:
6992:
6991:
6979:
6973:
6972:
6960:
6954:
6953:
6941:
6935:
6934:
6922:
6916:
6915:
6903:
6897:
6896:
6884:
6878:
6871:
6865:
6864:
6839:(6): 3038–3047.
6828:
6822:
6821:
6801:
6795:
6794:
6792:
6760:
6754:
6753:
6728:(5): 3353–3360.
6713:
6707:
6706:
6704:
6672:
6666:
6652:
6646:
6632:
6626:
6625:
6593:
6587:
6586:
6584:
6574:
6546:
6540:
6539:
6523:
6517:
6516:
6500:
6485:
6484:
6472:
6466:
6465:
6453:
6442:
6441:
6415:
6406:
6391:
6385:
6384:
6382:
6354:
6348:
6347:
6335:
6329:
6328:
6316:
6310:
6309:
6297:
6291:
6290:
6278:
6272:
6271:
6269:
6241:
6235:
6234:
6221:
6215:
6214:
6207:Fishery Bulletin
6198:
6189:
6188:
6172:
6166:
6165:
6136:on minke whales
6129:
6123:
6122:
6112:
6102:
6074:
6068:
6067:
6057:
6021:
6015:
6014:
6012:
6010:
5998:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5957:
5951:
5950:
5922:
5916:
5915:
5903:
5897:
5896:
5886:
5866:
5860:
5859:
5841:
5832:
5826:
5825:
5823:
5795:
5784:
5783:
5771:
5762:
5761:
5748:
5739:
5732:
5726:
5719:
5713:
5712:
5700:
5691:
5690:
5678:
5669:
5668:
5652:
5646:
5645:
5629:
5620:
5619:
5606:
5597:
5596:. Facts on File.
5590:
5584:
5583:
5567:
5561:
5560:
5528:
5519:
5518:
5516:
5514:
5499:
5493:
5492:
5490:
5466:
5457:
5450:
5444:
5430:
5424:
5423:(abstract only).
5413:
5407:
5388:
5382:
5381:
5365:
5359:
5352:
5346:
5335:
5324:
5323:
5321:
5297:
5291:
5290:
5262:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5229:
5223:
5222:
5210:
5201:
5200:
5195:
5194:
5178:
5172:
5171:
5162:(8): 1529–1550.
5151:
5142:
5141:
5139:
5115:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5079:
5073:
5072:
5062:
5038:
5032:
5031:
4991:
4985:
4984:
4968:
4959:
4958:
4942:
4936:
4925:
4919:
4918:
4893:(5): 3346–3351.
4882:
4871:
4860:
4854:
4847:
4841:
4840:
4828:
4822:
4821:
4805:
4796:
4788:
4782:
4781:
4771:
4739:
4733:
4732:
4720:
4714:
4713:
4697:
4691:
4690:
4684:
4679:
4677:
4669:
4667:
4666:
4660:
4652:
4646:
4645:
4643:
4635:
4629:
4622:
4616:
4615:
4587:
4581:
4580:
4578:
4576:10.5962/p.356944
4550:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4539:10.5962/p.356360
4513:
4507:
4506:
4490:
4475:
4474:
4462:
4451:
4450:
4434:
4425:
4410:
4389:
4388:
4372:
4366:
4365:
4353:
4347:
4346:
4330:
4321:
4320:
4304:
4291:
4283:
4277:
4269:
4263:
4259:
4253:
4245:
4239:
4231:
4225:
4217:
4211:
4203:
4197:
4189:
4180:
4172:
4163:
4162:
4150:
4139:
4138:
4126:
4113:
4106:
4100:
4099:
4087:
4078:
4077:
4067:
4057:
4033:
4027:
4026:
4016:
4006:
3974:
3968:
3967:
3934:(7): 1481–1495.
3918:
3912:
3911:
3901:
3877:
3868:
3867:
3854:
3839:
3838:
3826:
3807:
3806:
3790:
3777:
3770:
3764:
3746:
3740:
3733:
3722:
3721:
3703:
3694:
3687:
3681:
3674:
3663:
3656:
3650:
3649:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3627:
3622:
3592:
3571:
3570:
3534:
3518:
3515:B. a . davidsoni
3504:
3498:
3495:
3463:
3458:
3457:
3456:
3449:
3444:
3443:
3435:
3433:Cetaceans portal
3430:
3429:
3428:
3402:
3382:
3362:
3342:
3322:
3302:
3254:
3229:Numazu, Shizuoka
3186:Pseudo-nitzschia
3117:Vancouver Island
3042:Koei Maru No. 75
3038:Katsu Maru No. 7
2977:
2976:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2967:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2955:
2653:, using a towed
2537:
2536:
2517:
2420:Figure-of-eights
2368:Aleutian Islands
2291:Johnstone Strait
2255:(about 97%) and
2217:Tetrabothius sp.
2207:Diphyllobothrium
2174:C. balaenopterae
2170:P. balaenopterae
2162:P. balaenopterae
2148:P. balaenopterae
2025:Greenland sharks
1982:myctophid fishes
1970:northern anchovy
1962:San Juan Islands
1949:Japanese anchovy
1929:Aleutian Islands
1903:in the northern
1838:Atlantic herring
1830:Thysanoessa spp.
1693:Vancouver Island
1667:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1645:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1622:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1535:British Columbia
1531:Johnstone Strait
1525:area of central
1519:Washington state
1515:San Juan Islands
1489:British Columbia
1481:Alaska Peninsula
1465:Aleutian Islands
1423:, 18,174 in the
1152:Franz Josef Land
1100:blowhole streaks
969:blowhole streaks
868:
850:
849:
847:
846:
845:
840:
839:79.750°N 9.533°E
836:
833:
832:
831:
828:
819:
818:
816:
815:
814:
809:
805:
802:
801:
800:
797:
718:B. acutorostrata
701:Washington state
670:Balaena rostrata
559:marine biologist
541:Vernacular names
471:
460:
449:
441:
433:
425:
414:
403:
401:Balaena rostrata
381:
367:
323:
195:
194:
174:
157:
152:
151:
128:
114:
104:
34:
27:Temporal range:
21:
20:
10389:
10388:
10384:
10383:
10382:
10380:
10379:
10378:
10319:
10318:
10317:
10312:
10304:
10299:
10291:
10286:
10278:
10273:
10265:
10260:
10252:
10247:
10239:
10234:
10226:
10223:Observation.org
10221:
10213:
10211:
10203:
10198:
10190:
10185:
10177:
10172:
10164:
10159:
10151:
10146:
10138:
10133:
10125:
10120:
10112:
10107:
10099:
10094:
10086:
10081:
10073:
10068:
10060:
10055:
10047:
10042:
10034:
10029:
10021:
10016:
10008:
10003:
9995:
9990:
9982:
9977:
9969:
9964:
9955:
9954:
9949:
9940:
9939:
9934:
9921:
9911:
9894:
9870:
9846:
9732:M. densirostris
9692:
9691:
9689:
9679:
9655:
9627:
9626:
9624:
9614:
9567:(Beaked whales)
9566:
9565:
9563:
9551:
9514:
9468:
9431:
9376:
9330:
9293:
9269:
9218:
9203:N. phocaenoides
9190:
9189:
9187:
9171:
9170:
9168:
9156:
9132:
9095:
9049:
9048:
9046:
9036:
9012:
9006:S. longirostris
8988:S. coeruleoalba
8952:
8906:
8905:
8903:
8893:
8860:
8836:
8812:
8788:
8773:O. brevirostris
8755:
8727:
8726:
8724:
8714:
8706:Dusky dolphin (
8645:
8621:
8597:
8569:
8568:
8566:
8556:
8532:
8508:
8464:Cephalorhynchus
8451:
8450:
8448:
8436:
8407:
8370:
8364:M. novaeangliae
8346:
8322:
8296:Omura's whale (
8269:Bryde's whale (
8220:
8219:
8217:
8215:Balaenopteridae
8205:
8168:
8167:
8165:
8155:
8147:Bowhead whale (
8118:
8115:(Baleen whales)
8101:
8051:
8044:
7986:
7981:
7966:
7962:
7953:
7951:
7941:
7934:
7924:
7922:
7915:
7911:
7898:
7894:
7875:Aquatic Mammals
7863:
7859:
7830:
7826:
7795:
7791:
7780:Aquatic Mammals
7772:
7768:
7758:Contract Report
7755:
7751:
7736:
7732:
7720:
7716:
7701:
7694:
7686:(SC/62/NPM19).
7681:
7674:
7659:
7655:
7639:
7635:
7631:, January 2005.
7618:
7614:
7599:
7595:
7585:
7581:
7566:
7562:
7547:
7543:
7528:
7524:
7509:
7505:
7491:
7487:
7473:
7469:
7455:
7451:
7437:
7433:
7419:
7415:
7401:
7397:
7383:
7379:
7365:
7361:
7347:
7343:
7329:
7325:
7311:
7307:
7293:
7289:
7275:
7271:
7257:
7253:
7239:
7235:
7220:
7216:
7201:
7197:
7182:
7175:
7160:
7156:
7141:
7137:
7122:
7118:
7103:
7099:
7084:
7080:
7065:
7058:
7043:
7034:
7019:
7015:
6999:
6995:
6980:
6976:
6961:
6957:
6942:
6938:
6923:
6919:
6904:
6900:
6885:
6881:
6872:
6868:
6829:
6825:
6802:
6798:
6761:
6757:
6714:
6710:
6673:
6669:
6653:
6649:
6633:
6629:
6594:
6590:
6547:
6543:
6524:
6520:
6509:Aquatic Mammals
6501:
6488:
6473:
6469:
6454:
6445:
6438:
6416:
6409:
6392:
6388:
6355:
6351:
6336:
6332:
6317:
6313:
6298:
6294:
6279:
6275:
6242:
6238:
6222:
6218:
6199:
6192:
6173:
6169:
6130:
6126:
6075:
6071:
6022:
6018:
6008:
6006:
5999:
5995:
5958:
5954:
5923:
5919:
5904:
5900:
5884:10.1.1.573.6671
5867:
5863:
5839:
5833:
5829:
5796:
5787:
5772:
5765:
5749:
5742:
5733:
5729:
5720:
5716:
5701:
5694:
5679:
5672:
5653:
5649:
5630:
5623:
5607:
5600:
5591:
5587:
5568:
5564:
5529:
5522:
5512:
5510:
5500:
5496:
5467:
5460:
5451:
5447:
5438:Aquatic Mammals
5431:
5427:
5414:
5410:
5389:
5385:
5366:
5362:
5353:
5349:
5336:
5327:
5298:
5294:
5263:
5259:
5230:
5226:
5211:
5204:
5192:
5190:
5179:
5175:
5168:10.1139/z98-054
5152:
5145:
5116:
5109:
5080:
5076:
5069:10.1139/f04-020
5060:10.1.1.172.1639
5039:
5035:
4992:
4988:
4969:
4962:
4943:
4939:
4926:
4922:
4883:
4874:
4861:
4857:
4848:
4844:
4829:
4825:
4806:
4799:
4789:
4785:
4748:Pacific Science
4740:
4736:
4721:
4717:
4698:
4694:
4682:
4680:
4671:
4670:
4664:
4662:
4661:. 2003: 219–232
4658:
4654:
4653:
4649:
4641:
4637:
4636:
4632:
4623:
4619:
4588:
4584:
4551:
4547:
4514:
4510:
4491:
4478:
4463:
4454:
4435:
4428:
4420:(Special Issue
4411:
4392:
4373:
4369:
4354:
4350:
4331:
4324:
4305:
4294:
4284:
4280:
4270:
4266:
4260:
4256:
4246:
4242:
4232:
4228:
4218:
4214:
4204:
4200:
4190:
4183:
4173:
4166:
4151:
4142:
4127:
4116:
4107:
4103:
4088:
4081:
4034:
4030:
3975:
3971:
3919:
3915:
3878:
3871:
3855:
3842:
3827:
3810:
3791:
3780:
3771:
3767:
3747:
3743:
3734:
3725:
3718:
3704:
3697:
3688:
3684:
3675:
3666:
3657:
3653:
3646:fossilworks.org
3640:
3639:
3635:
3625:
3623:
3593:
3574:
3559:
3539:"Order Cetacea"
3535:
3531:
3527:
3522:
3521:
3505:
3501:
3496:
3492:
3487:
3459:
3454:
3452:
3445:
3438:
3431:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3414:
3403:
3394:
3383:
3374:
3363:
3354:
3343:
3334:
3323:
3314:
3303:
3294:
3274:
3246:
3225:
3142:
3140:Other mortality
3125:
2971:32.400; 172.550
2970:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2894:Koei Maru No. 7
2846:
2718:
2713:
2707:
2682:
2588:Kaneohe, Hawaii
2576:
2552:
2551:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2531:
2528:
2521:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2401:
2384:
2331:
2270:
2265:
2253:Pseudoterranova
2237:Banks Peninsula
2194:acanthocephalan
2179:X. globicipitis
2081:
2049:
2022:
2010:Yakutat, Alaska
2002:
1978:
1964:, while in the
1913:Sakhalin Island
1901:Pacific herring
1897:
1778:
1762:
1754:tympanic bullae
1721:
1716:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1651:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1635:Reykjanes Ridge
1625:
1623:
1619:
1616:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1559:that runs into
1550:San Juan Island
1510:
1505:
1497:
1469:Kenai Peninsula
1460:
1416:
1411:
1399:Gerlache Strait
1371:New South Wales
1280:Baja California
1266:and Bering and
1248:Mariana Islands
1132:
1127:
1108:auditory meatus
1089:caudal chevrons
1068:auxiliary patch
1064:shoulder blazes
989:
973:shoulder streak
956:
951:
914:and elsewhere.
862:
857:
843:
841:
837:
834:
829:
826:
824:
822:
821:
812:
810:
806:
803:
798:
795:
793:
791:
790:
782:
757:
693:Admiralty Inlet
659:
654:
648:(Dwarf whale).
636:it is known as
614:koiwashi-kujira
543:
472:Capellini, 1877
442:Eschricht, 1849
412:Rorqualus boops
331:
325:
319:
306:
283:Species complex
264:Balaenopteridae
189:
181:
164:
153:
149:
142:
105:
103:
102:
101:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
40:
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
10387:
10377:
10376:
10371:
10366:
10361:
10356:
10351:
10346:
10341:
10336:
10331:
10314:
10313:
10311:
10310:
10297:
10284:
10271:
10258:
10245:
10232:
10219:
10209:
10196:
10183:
10170:
10157:
10144:
10131:
10118:
10105:
10092:
10079:
10066:
10053:
10040:
10027:
10014:
10001:
9988:
9975:
9962:
9947:
9931:
9929:
9923:
9922:
9908:
9907:
9904:
9903:
9900:
9899:
9896:
9895:
9893:
9892:
9888:Z. cavirostris
9882:
9880:
9872:
9871:
9869:
9868:
9858:
9856:
9848:
9847:
9845:
9844:
9835:
9826:
9817:
9808:
9799:
9790:
9781:
9772:
9763:
9754:
9745:
9736:
9727:
9718:
9709:
9699:
9697:
9681:
9680:
9678:
9677:
9667:
9665:
9657:
9656:
9654:
9653:
9644:
9634:
9632:
9616:
9615:
9613:
9612:
9603:
9594:
9584:
9582:
9571:
9557:
9556:
9553:
9552:
9550:
9549:
9545:P. blainvillei
9539:
9537:
9526:
9520:
9519:
9516:
9515:
9513:
9512:
9503:
9493:
9491:
9480:
9474:
9473:
9470:
9469:
9467:
9466:
9456:
9454:
9443:
9437:
9436:
9433:
9432:
9430:
9429:
9425:I. geoffrensis
9420:
9416:I. boliviensis
9411:
9401:
9399:
9388:
9382:
9381:
9378:
9377:
9375:
9374:
9365:
9355:
9353:
9342:
9336:
9335:
9332:
9331:
9329:
9328:
9318:
9316:
9305:
9299:
9298:
9295:
9294:
9292:
9291:
9281:
9279:
9271:
9270:
9268:
9267:
9263:P. spinipinnis
9258:
9249:
9240:
9230:
9228:
9220:
9219:
9217:
9216:
9207:
9197:
9195:
9176:
9162:
9161:
9158:
9157:
9155:
9154:
9144:
9142:
9134:
9133:
9131:
9130:
9124:Beluga whale (
9120:
9118:
9115:Delphinapterus
9107:
9101:
9100:
9097:
9096:
9094:
9093:
9084:
9075:
9066:
9056:
9054:
9038:
9037:
9035:
9034:
9030:S. bredanensis
9024:
9022:
9014:
9013:
9011:
9010:
9001:
8992:
8983:
8974:
8964:
8962:
8954:
8953:
8951:
8950:
8941:
8932:
8923:
8913:
8911:
8895:
8894:
8892:
8891:
8882:
8878:S. fluviatilis
8872:
8870:
8862:
8861:
8859:
8858:
8848:
8846:
8838:
8837:
8835:
8834:
8824:
8822:
8814:
8813:
8811:
8810:
8800:
8798:
8790:
8789:
8787:
8786:
8777:
8767:
8765:
8757:
8756:
8754:
8753:
8744:
8734:
8732:
8716:
8715:
8713:
8712:
8703:
8699:L. obliquidens
8694:
8685:
8676:
8667:
8663:L. albirostris
8657:
8655:
8652:Lagenorhynchus
8647:
8646:
8644:
8643:
8633:
8631:
8623:
8622:
8620:
8619:
8609:
8607:
8599:
8598:
8596:
8595:
8586:
8576:
8574:
8570:(Pilot whales)
8558:
8557:
8555:
8554:
8544:
8542:
8534:
8533:
8531:
8530:
8520:
8518:
8510:
8509:
8507:
8506:
8497:
8488:
8479:
8475:C. commersonii
8469:
8467:
8456:
8438:
8437:
8421:
8420:
8417:
8416:
8413:
8412:
8409:
8408:
8406:
8405:
8395:
8393:
8382:
8376:
8375:
8372:
8371:
8369:
8368:
8358:
8356:
8348:
8347:
8345:
8344:
8334:
8332:
8324:
8323:
8321:
8320:
8314:Rice's whale (
8311:
8302:
8293:
8284:
8275:
8266:
8257:
8253:B. bonaerensis
8248:
8238:
8236:
8225:
8211:
8210:
8207:
8206:
8204:
8203:
8194:
8185:
8175:
8173:
8169:(Right whales)
8157:
8156:
8154:
8153:
8143:
8141:
8130:
8120:
8119:
8103:
8102:
8100:
8099:
8093:
8087:
8085:Laurasiatheria
8081:
8075:
8069:
8063:
8056:
8053:
8052:
8043:
8042:
8035:
8028:
8020:
8014:
8013:
8000:
7995:
7985:
7984:External links
7982:
7980:
7979:
7960:
7932:
7909:
7892:
7881:(4): 342–350.
7857:
7824:
7789:
7766:
7749:
7730:
7714:
7692:
7672:
7653:
7633:
7612:
7593:
7579:
7560:
7541:
7522:
7503:
7485:
7467:
7449:
7431:
7413:
7395:
7377:
7359:
7341:
7323:
7305:
7287:
7269:
7251:
7233:
7214:
7195:
7173:
7154:
7135:
7116:
7097:
7078:
7056:
7032:
7013:
6993:
6974:
6955:
6936:
6917:
6898:
6879:
6866:
6823:
6812:(3): 333–341.
6796:
6755:
6708:
6667:
6647:
6627:
6608:(3): 706–713.
6588:
6565:(2): 214–218.
6541:
6518:
6486:
6467:
6443:
6436:
6407:
6386:
6349:
6330:
6311:
6292:
6273:
6236:
6216:
6190:
6167:
6148:(1): 338–343.
6124:
6069:
6016:
5993:
5974:Polar Research
5952:
5933:(4): 603–618.
5917:
5898:
5861:
5850:(4): 151–180.
5827:
5814:(2): 109–115.
5785:
5763:
5740:
5727:
5714:
5692:
5670:
5647:
5621:
5598:
5585:
5562:
5520:
5494:
5481:(3): 221–229.
5458:
5445:
5425:
5408:
5383:
5360:
5347:
5325:
5292:
5257:
5244:(3): 227–234.
5224:
5202:
5173:
5143:
5130:(2): 119–129.
5107:
5074:
5053:(6): 870–886.
5033:
5006:(2): 313–318.
4986:
4960:
4937:
4920:
4872:
4870:(12): 369-375.
4855:
4842:
4823:
4797:
4783:
4754:(3): 395–398.
4734:
4715:
4692:
4683:|journal=
4647:
4630:
4617:
4598:(3): 370–377.
4582:
4569:(2): 266–267.
4545:
4532:(2): 304–305.
4508:
4476:
4452:
4426:
4390:
4367:
4348:
4322:
4292:
4278:
4264:
4254:
4240:
4226:
4212:
4198:
4181:
4164:
4140:
4114:
4101:
4079:
4028:
3969:
3913:
3892:(5): 960–970.
3869:
3840:
3808:
3778:
3765:
3741:
3723:
3716:
3695:
3682:
3664:
3651:
3633:
3572:
3557:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3511:B. a. scammoni
3499:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3481:
3479:Marine biology
3476:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3450:
3447:Mammals portal
3436:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3404:
3397:
3395:
3384:
3377:
3375:
3364:
3357:
3355:
3344:
3337:
3335:
3324:
3317:
3315:
3304:
3297:
3293:
3290:
3273:
3270:
3224:
3221:
3141:
3138:
3133:Southern Ocean
3124:
3121:
3026:Kyo Maru No. 1
2998:Kyo Maru No. 1
2941:Gulf of Alaska
2845:
2842:
2774:Margrét IS 314
2761:Denmark Strait
2717:
2716:North Atlantic
2714:
2709:Main article:
2706:
2703:
2681:
2678:
2575:
2572:
2542:
2529:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2513:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2508:North Atlantic
2506:
2504:
2501:
2455:horizontal arc
2448:ventral lunges
2436:Oblique lunges
2400:
2397:
2383:
2380:
2330:
2327:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2249:Phyllobothrium
2134:goose barnacle
2080:
2077:
2048:
2045:
2021:
2018:
2001:
1998:
1977:
1974:
1909:Alaska pollock
1896:
1893:
1777:
1776:North Atlantic
1774:
1766:ichthyophagous
1761:
1758:
1746:East China Sea
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1682:Canary Current
1599:
1596:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1496:
1493:
1459:
1456:
1431:(70°45'N) and
1415:
1414:North Atlantic
1412:
1410:
1407:
1347:Beagle Channel
1331:Santa Catarina
1319:Rio de Janeiro
1315:Espírito Santo
1272:Gulf of Alaska
1264:Sea of Okhotsk
1252:East China Sea
1212:Gulf of Mexico
1196:Canary Islands
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1085:peduncle blaze
1076:mandible blaze
1053:peduncle field
1021:rostral saddle
988:
985:
965:rostral saddle
955:
952:
950:
947:
904:North Atlantic
861:
858:
856:
853:
813:78.033; 11.717
781:
778:
761:global warming
756:
753:
734:B. bonaerensis
662:Otto Fabricius
658:
655:
653:
650:
571:Varanger Fjord
542:
539:
477:
476:
475:
474:
466:
455:
444:
436:
428:
423:Balaena minima
420:
409:
395:
394:
388:
387:
383:
382:
374:
373:
369:
368:
360:
359:
358:
357:
351:
349:B. a. scammoni
346:
338:
337:
333:
332:
326:
315:
314:
308:
307:
300:
298:
294:
293:
286:
279:
278:
271:
267:
266:
261:
257:
256:
251:
247:
246:
241:
237:
236:
231:
227:
226:
221:
217:
216:
211:
207:
206:
201:
197:
196:
183:
182:
169:
166:
165:
147:
144:
143:
138:
135:
134:
130:
129:
121:
120:
116:
115:
107:
106:
98:
97:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
36:
26:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10386:
10375:
10372:
10370:
10367:
10365:
10362:
10360:
10357:
10355:
10352:
10350:
10347:
10345:
10342:
10340:
10337:
10335:
10332:
10330:
10327:
10326:
10324:
10307:
10302:
10298:
10294:
10289:
10285:
10281:
10276:
10272:
10268:
10263:
10259:
10255:
10250:
10246:
10242:
10237:
10233:
10229:
10224:
10220:
10216:
10210:
10206:
10201:
10197:
10193:
10188:
10184:
10180:
10175:
10171:
10167:
10162:
10158:
10154:
10149:
10145:
10141:
10136:
10132:
10128:
10123:
10119:
10115:
10110:
10106:
10102:
10097:
10093:
10089:
10084:
10080:
10076:
10071:
10067:
10063:
10058:
10054:
10050:
10045:
10041:
10037:
10032:
10028:
10024:
10019:
10015:
10011:
10006:
10002:
9998:
9993:
9989:
9985:
9980:
9976:
9972:
9967:
9963:
9958:
9952:
9948:
9943:
9937:
9933:
9932:
9930:
9928:
9924:
9920:
9915:
9891:
9889:
9884:
9883:
9881:
9879:
9878:
9873:
9867:
9865:
9860:
9859:
9857:
9855:
9854:
9849:
9843:
9841:
9836:
9834:
9832:
9831:M. stejnegeri
9827:
9825:
9823:
9822:M. peruvianus
9818:
9816:
9814:
9809:
9807:
9805:
9800:
9798:
9796:
9791:
9789:
9787:
9782:
9780:
9778:
9773:
9771:
9769:
9764:
9762:
9760:
9759:M. ginkgodens
9755:
9753:
9751:
9746:
9744:
9742:
9737:
9735:
9733:
9728:
9726:
9724:
9723:M. carlhubbsi
9719:
9717:
9715:
9710:
9708:
9706:
9701:
9700:
9698:
9688:
9687:
9682:
9676:
9674:
9669:
9668:
9666:
9664:
9663:
9658:
9652:
9650:
9649:H. planifrons
9645:
9643:
9641:
9640:H. ampullatus
9636:
9635:
9633:
9623:
9622:
9617:
9611:
9609:
9604:
9602:
9600:
9595:
9593:
9591:
9586:
9585:
9583:
9581:
9580:
9575:
9572:
9562:
9558:
9548:
9546:
9541:
9540:
9538:
9536:
9535:
9530:
9527:
9525:
9524:Pontoporiidae
9521:
9511:
9509:
9504:
9502:
9500:
9495:
9494:
9492:
9490:
9489:
9484:
9481:
9479:
9478:Platanistidae
9475:
9465:
9463:
9462:L. vexillifer
9458:
9457:
9455:
9453:
9452:
9447:
9444:
9442:
9438:
9428:
9426:
9421:
9419:
9417:
9412:
9410:
9408:
9403:
9402:
9400:
9398:
9397:
9392:
9389:
9387:
9383:
9373:
9371:
9366:
9364:
9362:
9357:
9356:
9354:
9352:
9351:
9346:
9343:
9341:
9337:
9327:
9325:
9322:Sperm whale (
9320:
9319:
9317:
9315:
9314:
9309:
9306:
9304:
9300:
9290:
9288:
9283:
9282:
9280:
9278:
9277:
9272:
9266:
9264:
9259:
9257:
9255:
9250:
9248:
9246:
9241:
9239:
9237:
9232:
9231:
9229:
9227:
9226:
9221:
9215:
9213:
9208:
9206:
9204:
9199:
9198:
9196:
9186:
9185:
9180:
9177:
9167:
9163:
9153:
9151:
9146:
9145:
9143:
9141:
9140:
9135:
9129:
9127:
9122:
9121:
9119:
9117:
9116:
9111:
9108:
9106:
9102:
9092:
9090:
9085:
9083:
9081:
9076:
9074:
9072:
9067:
9065:
9063:
9058:
9057:
9055:
9045:
9044:
9039:
9033:
9031:
9026:
9025:
9023:
9021:
9020:
9015:
9009:
9007:
9002:
9000:
8998:
8993:
8991:
8989:
8984:
8982:
8980:
8975:
8973:
8971:
8966:
8965:
8963:
8961:
8960:
8955:
8949:
8947:
8942:
8940:
8938:
8937:S. sahulensis
8933:
8931:
8929:
8924:
8922:
8920:
8915:
8914:
8912:
8902:
8901:
8896:
8890:
8888:
8887:S. guianensis
8883:
8881:
8879:
8874:
8873:
8871:
8869:
8868:
8863:
8857:
8855:
8854:P. crassidens
8850:
8849:
8847:
8845:
8844:
8839:
8833:
8831:
8826:
8825:
8823:
8821:
8820:
8819:Peponocephala
8815:
8809:
8807:
8802:
8801:
8799:
8797:
8796:
8791:
8785:
8783:
8778:
8776:
8774:
8769:
8768:
8766:
8764:
8763:
8758:
8752:
8750:
8745:
8743:
8741:
8736:
8735:
8733:
8723:
8722:
8717:
8711:
8709:
8704:
8702:
8700:
8695:
8693:
8691:
8686:
8684:
8682:
8677:
8675:
8673:
8668:
8666:
8664:
8659:
8658:
8656:
8654:
8653:
8648:
8642:
8640:
8635:
8634:
8632:
8630:
8629:
8628:Lagenodelphis
8624:
8618:
8616:
8611:
8610:
8608:
8606:
8605:
8600:
8594:
8592:
8587:
8585:
8583:
8578:
8577:
8575:
8565:
8564:
8559:
8553:
8551:
8546:
8545:
8543:
8541:
8540:
8535:
8529:
8527:
8522:
8521:
8519:
8517:
8516:
8511:
8505:
8503:
8498:
8496:
8494:
8493:C. heavisidii
8489:
8487:
8485:
8480:
8478:
8476:
8471:
8470:
8468:
8466:
8465:
8460:
8457:
8447:
8443:
8439:
8435:
8426:
8422:
8404:
8402:
8397:
8396:
8394:
8392:
8391:
8386:
8383:
8381:
8380:Cetotheriidae
8377:
8367:
8365:
8360:
8359:
8357:
8355:
8354:
8349:
8343:
8341:
8336:
8335:
8333:
8331:
8330:
8325:
8319:
8317:
8312:
8310:
8308:
8303:
8301:
8299:
8294:
8292:
8290:
8285:
8283:
8281:
8276:
8274:
8272:
8267:
8265:
8263:
8258:
8256:
8254:
8249:
8247:
8245:
8240:
8239:
8237:
8235:
8234:
8229:
8226:
8216:
8212:
8202:
8200:
8195:
8193:
8191:
8186:
8184:
8182:
8177:
8176:
8174:
8164:
8163:
8158:
8152:
8150:
8149:B. mysticetus
8145:
8144:
8142:
8140:
8139:
8134:
8131:
8129:
8125:
8121:
8117:
8108:
8104:
8098:
8094:
8092:
8088:
8086:
8082:
8080:
8076:
8074:
8070:
8068:
8064:
8062:
8058:
8057:
8054:
8049:
8041:
8036:
8034:
8029:
8027:
8022:
8021:
8018:
8011:
8007:
8006:
8001:
7999:
7996:
7994:
7993:
7988:
7987:
7975:
7971:
7964:
7950:
7946:
7939:
7937:
7920:
7913:
7906:
7902:
7896:
7888:
7884:
7880:
7876:
7872:
7868:
7861:
7852:
7847:
7843:
7839:
7835:
7828:
7820:
7816:
7812:
7808:
7804:
7800:
7793:
7786:(2): 137–139.
7785:
7781:
7777:
7770:
7763:
7759:
7753:
7745:
7741:
7734:
7727:
7724:
7718:
7710:
7706:
7699:
7697:
7689:
7685:
7679:
7677:
7668:
7664:
7657:
7649:
7645:
7637:
7630:
7626:
7622:
7616:
7608:
7604:
7597:
7590:
7583:
7575:
7571:
7564:
7556:
7552:
7545:
7537:
7533:
7526:
7518:
7514:
7507:
7500:
7496:
7489:
7482:
7478:
7471:
7464:
7460:
7453:
7446:
7442:
7435:
7428:
7424:
7417:
7410:
7406:
7399:
7392:
7388:
7381:
7374:
7370:
7363:
7356:
7352:
7345:
7338:
7334:
7327:
7320:
7316:
7309:
7302:
7298:
7291:
7284:
7280:
7273:
7266:
7262:
7255:
7248:
7244:
7237:
7229:
7225:
7218:
7210:
7206:
7199:
7191:
7187:
7180:
7178:
7169:
7165:
7158:
7150:
7146:
7139:
7131:
7127:
7120:
7112:
7108:
7101:
7093:
7089:
7082:
7074:
7070:
7063:
7061:
7052:
7048:
7041:
7039:
7037:
7028:
7024:
7017:
7009:
7005:
6997:
6989:
6985:
6978:
6970:
6966:
6959:
6951:
6947:
6940:
6932:
6928:
6921:
6913:
6909:
6902:
6894:
6890:
6883:
6876:
6870:
6862:
6858:
6854:
6850:
6846:
6842:
6838:
6834:
6827:
6819:
6815:
6811:
6807:
6800:
6791:
6786:
6782:
6778:
6774:
6770:
6766:
6759:
6751:
6747:
6743:
6739:
6735:
6731:
6727:
6723:
6719:
6712:
6703:
6698:
6694:
6690:
6686:
6682:
6678:
6671:
6664:
6661:
6657:
6651:
6644:
6641:
6637:
6631:
6623:
6619:
6615:
6611:
6607:
6603:
6599:
6592:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6564:
6560:
6556:
6554:
6545:
6537:
6533:
6529:
6522:
6514:
6510:
6506:
6499:
6497:
6495:
6493:
6491:
6482:
6478:
6471:
6463:
6459:
6452:
6450:
6448:
6439:
6433:
6429:
6425:
6421:
6414:
6412:
6404:
6400:
6396:
6390:
6381:
6376:
6372:
6368:
6364:
6362:
6353:
6345:
6341:
6334:
6326:
6322:
6315:
6307:
6303:
6296:
6288:
6284:
6277:
6268:
6263:
6259:
6255:
6251:
6249:
6240:
6232:
6228:
6220:
6212:
6208:
6204:
6197:
6195:
6186:
6182:
6178:
6171:
6163:
6159:
6155:
6151:
6147:
6143:
6139:
6135:
6128:
6120:
6116:
6111:
6106:
6101:
6096:
6092:
6088:
6084:
6082:
6073:
6065:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6047:
6043:
6039:
6035:
6031:
6029:
6020:
6004:
5997:
5988:
5983:
5979:
5975:
5971:
5969:
5965:
5956:
5948:
5944:
5940:
5936:
5932:
5928:
5921:
5913:
5909:
5902:
5894:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5876:
5872:
5871:Mammal Review
5865:
5857:
5853:
5849:
5845:
5844:Mammal Review
5838:
5831:
5822:
5817:
5813:
5809:
5805:
5803:
5794:
5792:
5790:
5781:
5777:
5770:
5768:
5759:
5755:
5747:
5745:
5737:
5731:
5724:
5718:
5710:
5706:
5699:
5697:
5688:
5684:
5677:
5675:
5666:
5662:
5658:
5651:
5643:
5639:
5635:
5628:
5626:
5617:
5613:
5605:
5603:
5595:
5589:
5582:(3): 249–251.
5581:
5577:
5573:
5566:
5558:
5554:
5550:
5546:
5542:
5538:
5534:
5527:
5525:
5509:
5505:
5498:
5489:
5484:
5480:
5476:
5472:
5465:
5463:
5455:
5449:
5442:
5439:
5435:
5429:
5422:
5418:
5412:
5405:
5401:
5397:
5393:
5387:
5379:
5375:
5371:
5364:
5357:
5351:
5344:
5340:
5334:
5332:
5330:
5320:
5315:
5311:
5307:
5303:
5296:
5288:
5284:
5280:
5276:
5272:
5268:
5261:
5252:
5247:
5243:
5239:
5235:
5228:
5220:
5216:
5209:
5207:
5199:
5188:
5184:
5177:
5169:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5150:
5148:
5138:
5133:
5129:
5125:
5121:
5114:
5112:
5102:
5097:
5094:(2): 95–104.
5093:
5089:
5085:
5078:
5070:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5052:
5048:
5044:
5037:
5029:
5025:
5021:
5017:
5013:
5009:
5005:
5001:
5000:Polar Biology
4997:
4990:
4982:
4978:
4974:
4967:
4965:
4956:
4952:
4948:
4941:
4934:
4930:
4924:
4916:
4912:
4908:
4904:
4900:
4896:
4892:
4888:
4881:
4879:
4877:
4869:
4865:
4859:
4852:
4846:
4838:
4834:
4827:
4819:
4815:
4811:
4804:
4802:
4794:
4787:
4779:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4761:
4757:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4738:
4730:
4726:
4719:
4711:
4707:
4703:
4696:
4688:
4675:
4657:
4651:
4640:
4634:
4627:
4621:
4613:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4597:
4593:
4586:
4577:
4572:
4568:
4564:
4560:
4558:
4549:
4540:
4535:
4531:
4527:
4523:
4521:
4512:
4504:
4500:
4496:
4489:
4487:
4485:
4483:
4481:
4472:
4468:
4461:
4459:
4457:
4449:(3): 293–296.
4448:
4444:
4440:
4433:
4431:
4423:
4419:
4415:
4409:
4407:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4399:
4397:
4395:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4371:
4363:
4359:
4352:
4344:
4340:
4336:
4329:
4327:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4303:
4301:
4299:
4297:
4289:
4282:
4275:
4268:
4258:
4251:
4244:
4237:
4230:
4223:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4195:
4188:
4186:
4178:
4171:
4169:
4160:
4156:
4149:
4147:
4145:
4136:
4132:
4125:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4111:
4105:
4097:
4093:
4086:
4084:
4075:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4032:
4024:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3996:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3980:
3973:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3917:
3909:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3876:
3874:
3865:
3861:
3853:
3851:
3849:
3847:
3845:
3836:
3832:
3825:
3823:
3821:
3819:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3805:(3): 223–238.
3804:
3800:
3796:
3789:
3787:
3785:
3783:
3775:
3769:
3762:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3745:
3738:
3732:
3730:
3728:
3719:
3713:
3709:
3702:
3700:
3692:
3686:
3679:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3661:
3655:
3647:
3643:
3637:
3621:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3607:
3602:
3600:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3554:
3550:
3549:
3544:
3543:Wilson, D. E.
3540:
3533:
3529:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3503:
3494:
3490:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3451:
3448:
3442:
3437:
3434:
3423:
3412:
3408:
3401:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3381:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3361:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3341:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3321:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3301:
3296:
3295:
3289:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3278:IUCN Red List
3267:
3263:
3259:
3244:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3220:
3218:
3214:
3209:
3207:
3206:morbillivirus
3203:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3175:
3171:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3151:
3148:, trap nets,
3147:
3137:
3134:
3130:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3098:
3096:
3091:
3090:Korean Strait
3087:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3018:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2986:
2979:
2975:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2886:killer whales
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2844:North Pacific
2841:
2839:
2838:Faroe Islands
2834:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2775:
2770:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2722:
2712:
2702:
2700:
2696:
2695:Coffs Harbour
2692:
2688:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2666:eastern boing
2663:
2662:central boing
2658:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2574:North Pacific
2571:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2550:
2548:
2527:
2503:Vocalizations
2500:
2496:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2471:
2467:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2451:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2440:lateral lunge
2437:
2432:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2416:
2412:
2407:
2396:
2392:
2390:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2360:
2358:
2353:
2352:British Isles
2347:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2326:
2325:on occasion.
2324:
2320:
2316:
2315:brown boobies
2311:
2306:
2304:
2303:killer whales
2299:
2297:
2296:Gulf of Maine
2292:
2288:
2284:
2274:
2260:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2158:
2156:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2121:
2117:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2103:hyperparasite
2101:
2097:
2094:
2090:
2087:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:endosymbiotic
2067:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2054:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2007:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1960:) around the
1959:
1955:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1925:Kuril Islands
1922:
1921:Pacific saury
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1895:North Pacific
1892:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1848:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1782:demersal fish
1773:
1771:
1767:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1734:
1730:
1725:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1700:Lizard Island
1696:
1694:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1665:
1636:
1630:
1595:
1593:
1587:
1584:
1580:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1542:
1540:
1539:killer whales
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1508:Site fidelity
1500:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1485:Kodiak Island
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1458:North Pacific
1455:
1453:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1433:Cape Farewell
1430:
1426:
1425:Greenland Sea
1422:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1383:New Caledonia
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1282:and into the
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1240:North Pacific
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1184:Hudson Strait
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1156:Novaya Zemlya
1153:
1149:
1145:
1136:
1122:
1120:
1119:Bryde's whale
1115:
1113:
1112:tiger stripes
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1013:ventral field
1010:
1005:
1002:
993:
984:
982:
981:flank patches
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
954:Northern form
944:
939:
935:
931:
927:
925:
920:
915:
913:
912:North Pacific
909:
905:
901:
897:
888:
881:
876:
867:
852:
848:
844:79.750; 9.533
817:
788:
777:
775:
770:
766:
763:in the early
762:
752:
750:
746:
742:
737:
735:
731:
727:
721:
719:
715:
711:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
681:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
649:
647:
646:Ballena enana
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
586:least rorqual
583:
579:
574:
572:
568:
564:
563:Richard Ellis
560:
556:
552:
548:
535:
530:
526:
524:
521:epoch to the
520:
515:
513:
509:
504:
502:
501:baleen whales
498:
494:
493:
488:
484:
470:
467:
463:
459:
456:
452:
448:
445:
440:
437:
432:
429:
424:
421:
417:
413:
410:
406:
402:
399:
398:
396:
393:
389:
384:
380:
375:
370:
366:
361:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
341:
339:
334:
329:
324:
322:
316:
313:
312:Binomial name
309:
305:
304:
299:
296:
295:
292:
291:
287:
284:
281:
280:
277:
276:
272:
269:
268:
265:
262:
259:
258:
255:
252:
249:
248:
245:
242:
239:
238:
235:
232:
229:
228:
225:
222:
219:
218:
215:
212:
209:
208:
205:
202:
199:
198:
193:
188:
184:
178:
172:
167:
161:
156:
155:Least Concern
145:
141:
136:
131:
127:
122:
117:
113:
108:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
39:
32:
22:
19:
10344:Balaenoptera
9926:
9887:
9875:
9864:T. shepherdi
9863:
9851:
9840:M. traversii
9839:
9830:
9821:
9812:
9803:
9794:
9785:
9776:
9767:
9758:
9750:M. europaeus
9749:
9740:
9731:
9722:
9713:
9704:
9684:
9673:I. pacificus
9672:
9660:
9648:
9639:
9619:
9607:
9598:
9589:
9577:
9544:
9532:
9507:
9499:P. gangetica
9498:
9486:
9461:
9449:
9424:
9415:
9406:
9394:
9369:
9361:K. breviceps
9360:
9348:
9323:
9311:
9303:Physeteridae
9286:
9276:Phocoenoides
9274:
9262:
9253:
9244:
9236:P. dioptrica
9235:
9223:
9211:
9202:
9182:
9150:M. monoceros
9149:
9137:
9125:
9113:
9105:Monodontidae
9089:T. truncatus
9088:
9080:T. erebennus
9079:
9071:T. australis
9070:
9061:
9041:
9029:
9017:
9005:
8997:S. frontalis
8996:
8987:
8978:
8970:S. attenuata
8969:
8957:
8945:
8936:
8927:
8919:S. chinensis
8918:
8898:
8886:
8877:
8865:
8853:
8841:
8829:
8817:
8805:
8793:
8782:O. heinsohni
8781:
8772:
8760:
8748:
8739:
8721:Lissodelphis
8719:
8707:
8698:
8689:
8681:L. australis
8680:
8671:
8662:
8650:
8638:
8626:
8614:
8602:
8590:
8581:
8563:Globicephala
8561:
8550:F. attenuata
8549:
8537:
8525:
8513:
8501:
8492:
8483:
8474:
8462:
8401:C. marginata
8400:
8388:
8363:
8351:
8339:
8338:Gray whale (
8329:Eschrichtius
8327:
8315:
8306:
8297:
8288:
8287:Blue whale (
8279:
8270:
8261:
8252:
8243:
8241:
8233:Balaenoptera
8231:
8198:
8190:E. glacialis
8189:
8181:E. australis
8180:
8160:
8148:
8136:
8097:Whippomorpha
8091:Artiodactyla
8004:
7991:
7973:
7969:
7963:
7952:. Retrieved
7948:
7923:. Retrieved
7912:
7904:
7900:
7895:
7878:
7874:
7870:
7860:
7844:(1): 43–69.
7841:
7837:
7827:
7805:(1): 35–75.
7802:
7798:
7792:
7783:
7779:
7775:
7769:
7761:
7757:
7752:
7743:
7739:
7733:
7725:
7722:
7717:
7708:
7704:
7687:
7683:
7666:
7662:
7656:
7647:
7643:
7636:
7628:
7624:
7620:
7615:
7606:
7602:
7596:
7588:
7582:
7573:
7569:
7563:
7554:
7550:
7544:
7535:
7531:
7525:
7516:
7512:
7506:
7498:
7494:
7488:
7480:
7476:
7470:
7462:
7458:
7452:
7444:
7440:
7434:
7426:
7422:
7416:
7408:
7404:
7398:
7390:
7386:
7380:
7372:
7368:
7362:
7354:
7350:
7344:
7336:
7332:
7326:
7318:
7314:
7308:
7300:
7296:
7290:
7282:
7278:
7272:
7264:
7260:
7254:
7246:
7242:
7236:
7227:
7223:
7217:
7208:
7204:
7198:
7189:
7185:
7167:
7163:
7157:
7148:
7144:
7138:
7129:
7125:
7119:
7110:
7106:
7100:
7091:
7087:
7081:
7072:
7068:
7050:
7046:
7026:
7022:
7016:
7007:
7003:
6996:
6987:
6983:
6977:
6968:
6964:
6958:
6949:
6945:
6939:
6930:
6926:
6920:
6911:
6907:
6901:
6892:
6888:
6882:
6874:
6869:
6836:
6832:
6826:
6809:
6805:
6799:
6772:
6768:
6758:
6725:
6721:
6717:
6711:
6684:
6680:
6670:
6662:
6659:
6655:
6650:
6642:
6640:Bioacoustics
6639:
6635:
6630:
6605:
6601:
6597:
6591:
6562:
6558:
6552:
6544:
6535:
6531:
6527:
6521:
6512:
6508:
6504:
6480:
6476:
6470:
6461:
6457:
6423:
6402:
6401:SC/F13/SP14
6398:
6394:
6389:
6370:
6366:
6360:
6352:
6343:
6339:
6333:
6324:
6320:
6314:
6305:
6301:
6295:
6286:
6282:
6276:
6260:(1): 47–50.
6257:
6253:
6247:
6239:
6230:
6226:
6219:
6210:
6206:
6202:
6184:
6180:
6176:
6170:
6145:
6141:
6137:
6133:
6127:
6090:
6086:
6080:
6072:
6037:
6033:
6027:
6019:
6007:. Retrieved
5996:
5977:
5973:
5967:
5963:
5955:
5930:
5926:
5920:
5911:
5907:
5901:
5877:(1): 50–86.
5874:
5870:
5864:
5847:
5843:
5830:
5811:
5807:
5801:
5779:
5775:
5757:
5753:
5735:
5730:
5722:
5717:
5708:
5704:
5686:
5682:
5664:
5660:
5656:
5650:
5641:
5637:
5633:
5615:
5611:
5593:
5588:
5579:
5575:
5571:
5565:
5540:
5536:
5532:
5511:. Retrieved
5507:
5497:
5478:
5474:
5453:
5448:
5440:
5437:
5433:
5428:
5420:
5416:
5411:
5403:
5399:
5398:, Vol. 159.
5395:
5391:
5386:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5363:
5355:
5350:
5342:
5338:
5312:(1): 15–28.
5309:
5305:
5295:
5270:
5266:
5260:
5241:
5237:
5227:
5218:
5214:
5197:
5191:. Retrieved
5186:
5176:
5159:
5155:
5127:
5123:
5091:
5087:
5077:
5050:
5046:
5042:
5036:
5003:
4999:
4995:
4989:
4980:
4976:
4972:
4954:
4950:
4947:Balaenoptera
4946:
4940:
4932:
4928:
4923:
4890:
4886:
4867:
4863:
4858:
4850:
4845:
4839:(1): 87–100.
4836:
4832:
4826:
4817:
4813:
4809:
4792:
4786:
4751:
4747:
4743:
4737:
4728:
4724:
4718:
4709:
4705:
4701:
4695:
4674:cite journal
4663:. Retrieved
4650:
4633:
4625:
4620:
4595:
4591:
4585:
4566:
4562:
4556:
4548:
4529:
4525:
4519:
4511:
4502:
4498:
4494:
4470:
4466:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4421:
4417:
4413:
4384:
4380:
4376:
4370:
4361:
4357:
4351:
4342:
4338:
4334:
4316:
4312:
4308:
4287:
4281:
4273:
4267:
4257:
4249:
4243:
4235:
4229:
4221:
4215:
4207:
4201:
4193:
4176:
4158:
4154:
4134:
4130:
4109:
4104:
4095:
4091:
4045:
4042:BMC Genetics
4041:
4031:
3986:
3982:
3972:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3916:
3889:
3885:
3863:
3859:
3834:
3830:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3773:
3768:
3749:
3744:
3736:
3707:
3690:
3685:
3677:
3659:
3654:
3645:
3636:
3624:. Retrieved
3610:
3604:
3598:
3547:
3532:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3493:
3410:
3390:
3370:
3350:
3330:
3310:
3275:
3226:
3210:
3184:
3178:
3143:
3126:
3113:Coal Harbour
3110:
3106:Kuril Island
3099:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3050:
3041:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3015:
3009:
3006:Nisshin Maru
3005:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2985:Nisshin Maru
2983:
2980:
2936:
2934:
2926:Sea of Japan
2902:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2849:
2847:
2835:
2833:190 whales.
2810:
2798:
2790:Trinity bays
2778:
2773:
2771:
2737:
2730:
2727:
2683:
2665:
2661:
2659:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2637:etacean and
2634:
2630:
2626:
2604:AM component
2603:
2591:
2577:
2553:
2544:
2497:
2487:
2483:chin-up blow
2482:
2478:
2472:
2468:
2463:ventral arcs
2462:
2458:
2454:
2452:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2430:
2428:
2423:
2419:
2414:
2410:
2405:
2402:
2393:
2385:
2366:and western
2361:
2348:
2332:
2307:
2300:
2279:
2259:(about 3%).
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2241:South Island
2234:
2227:
2221:
2216:
2212:
2205:
2196:
2186:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2159:
2154:
2152:
2147:
2143:
2136:
2129:
2122:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2095:
2088:
2082:
2059:
2050:
2023:
2003:
1993:
1979:
1966:Monterey Bay
1957:
1907:and only on
1898:
1845:
1834:blue whiting
1829:
1810:Atlantic cod
1797:
1779:
1763:
1750:Sea of Japan
1738:
1732:
1719:Reproduction
1697:
1690:
1601:
1588:
1576:
1568:Isle of Mull
1565:
1554:
1546:Orcas Island
1543:
1523:Monterey Bay
1511:
1498:
1467:east to the
1461:
1449:
1429:Disko Island
1417:
1355:South Africa
1296:
1268:Chukchi Seas
1260:Sea of Japan
1170:and central
1141:
1125:Distribution
1116:
1111:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1057:
1052:
1049:flank infill
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1025:thorax patch
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1009:spinal field
1008:
1006:
998:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
957:
932:
928:
916:
908:Soviet Union
893:
783:
758:
738:
733:
730:South Africa
722:
717:
713:
688:
682:
673:
669:
665:
660:
645:
641:
637:
629:
618:minku-kujira
617:
613:
605:
597:
589:
585:
581:
577:
575:
561:and painter
554:
544:
533:
516:
512:baleen whale
505:
491:
490:
486:
482:
480:
468:
457:
446:
438:
430:
422:
411:
400:
353:
348:
343:
320:
318:
302:
301:
289:
282:
275:Balaenoptera
274:
250:Infraorder:
244:Artiodactyla
18:
10275:SeaLifeBase
10205:minke-whale
10161:NatureServe
10083:iNaturalist
9951:Wikispecies
9795:M. layardii
9714:M. bowdoini
9662:Indopacetus
9245:P. phocoena
9184:Neophocoena
9172:(Porpoises)
9166:Phocoenidae
8740:L. borealis
8708:L. obscurus
8690:L. cruciger
8484:C. eutropia
8446:Delphinidae
8431:Odontoceti
8340:E. robustus
8307:B. physalus
8305:Fin whale (
8289:B. musculus
8262:B. borealis
8260:Sei whale (
8199:E. japonica
8083:Superorder
8077:Infraclass
7925:January 19,
7764:CR/2007/49.
7623:JA/J05/JR2
7497:SC/65a/O03
7479:SC/65a/O06
7317:SC/51/RMP7
7263:SC/48/Np13
6775:: 127–146.
6687:: 279–295.
6515:(1): 21–32.
6405:, pp. 1-13.
5456:, pp. 1-12.
5404:La Rochelle
5380:(1): 39–46.
4769:10125/22623
4424:): 357-368.
4048:(1): 1–11.
3989:(12): 1–6.
3739:, 11: 1-37.
3181:domoic acid
3119:, in 1967.
3095:North Korea
3002:Yushin Maru
2969: /
2910:Okhotsk Sea
2908:and on the
2850:Yuko-maru 7
2794:Nova Scotia
2756:Barents Sea
2752:Spitsbergen
2748:Bear Island
2732:Clostridium
2620:micropascal
2560:Puerto Rico
2376:North Korea
2329:Segregation
2209:macroovatum
2166:C. virgatum
2144:C. virgatum
2138:Conchoderma
2120:whale louse
2110:C. elongatu
2086:sea lamprey
2047:Whale falls
2037:blue sharks
2014:Glacier Bay
1905:Okhotsk Sea
1885:Norway pout
1826:Barents Sea
1822:Bear Island
1794:Thysanoessa
1790:Spitsbergen
1770:cephalopods
1708:Bass Strait
1659: /
1624: /
1592:Nova Scotia
1572:Moray Firth
1473:Seguam Pass
1445:North Shore
1405:(69°25'S).
1379:New Zealand
1104:ear stripes
1096:nape streak
1037:flank patch
855:Description
842: /
811: /
787:Spitsbergen
774:Pleistocene
630:sildepisker
497:minke whale
434:Rasch, 1845
336:Subspecies
10323:Categories
9853:Tasmacetus
9813:M. perrini
9786:M. hotaula
9777:M. hectori
9686:Mesoplodon
9621:Hyperoodon
9608:B. minimus
9599:B. bairdii
9590:B. arnuxii
9534:Pontoporia
9488:Platanista
9062:T. aduncus
8979:S. clymene
8946:S. teuszii
8928:S. plumbea
8830:P. electra
8749:L. peronii
8615:G. griseus
8526:D. delphis
8502:C. hectori
8429:Parvorder
8221:(Rorquals)
8128:Balaenidae
8113:Mysticeti
8111:Parvorder
7976:: 181–189.
7954:2021-03-14
7746:: 427–431.
7711:: 433–443.
7650:: 289–300.
7609:: 155–159.
7576:: 281–284.
7557:: 335–337.
7538:: 395–402.
7519:: 241–244.
7425:SC/56/O13
7371:SC/54/O16
7353:SC/53/O10
7335:SC/F2K/J9
7299:SC/49/NP9
7281:SC/49/NP8
7245:SC/47/NP3
7230:: 289–291.
7211:: 539–542.
7192:: 281–283.
7170:: 221–223.
7151:: 295–298.
7113:: 333–337.
7094:: 307–311.
7075:: 271–272.
7053:: 164–166.
6990:: 195–200.
6971:: 217–226.
6952:: 456–459.
6933:: 287–295.
6914:: 343–347.
6895:: 255–257.
6538:: 379–385.
6464:: 365–372.
6346:: 251–255.
6327:: 329–332.
6308:: 263–274.
6289:: 279–285.
6233:: 559–572.
6213:: 577–585.
6187:: 565–568.
6093:(1): 105.
5980:(1): 1–4.
5782:: 235–248.
5760:: 505–522.
5711:: 299–304.
5689:: 159–176.
5644:: 259–262.
5618:: 167–178.
5543:(1): 1–8.
5221:: 387–392.
5193:2021-12-11
4957:: 407–417.
4731:: 531–538.
4712:: 455–457.
4665:2016-04-21
4505:: 277–307.
4364:: 437–442.
4345:: 333–340.
4319:: 245–253.
4161:: 443–456.
4098:: 289–296.
3626:16 January
3525:References
3215:under the
3086:Yellow Sea
3070:Chung Gu 2
3066:Chung Gu 1
3062:Jin Yang 5
2945:Bering Sea
2922:Toyama Bay
2890:Katsu Maru
2782:Conception
2754:, and the
2655:hydrophone
2645:ssessment
2547:media help
2424:Hyperbolas
2319:kelp gulls
2268:Group size
2155:P. marinus
2100:monogenean
2053:siboglinid
2041:California
2020:Scavenging
1986:myctophids
1941:sand lance
1939:(24%) and
1857:Vesterålen
1798:T. inermis
1742:Yellow Sea
1686:Cape Verde
1583:Skjálfandi
1561:Carmel Bay
1527:California
1503:Occurrence
1409:Population
1401:, and the
1375:Queensland
1256:Yellow Sea
1200:Mauritania
1188:Ungava Bay
1176:Hudson Bay
1166:) and the
1164:New Jersey
1144:Baffin Bay
1017:nape field
987:Dwarf form
949:Appearance
902:). In the
755:Divergence
588:, and the
567:Svend Foyn
532:Fossil of
523:Quaternary
426:Rapp, 1837
173:Appendix I
9705:M. bidens
9579:Berardius
9561:Ziphiidae
9441:Lipotidae
9252:Vaquita (
9148:Narwhal (
9126:D. leucas
8843:Pseudorca
8672:L. acutus
8515:Delphinus
8353:Megaptera
8298:B. omurai
8271:B. brydei
8162:Eubalaena
8095:Suborder
8002:View the
7669:: 421–32.
7461:SC/64/O4
7443:SC/61/O4
7407:SC/59/05
7389:SC/55/O7
7010:: 413–26.
6483:: 229–33.
5879:CiteSeerX
5055:CiteSeerX
4983:: 419–24.
3710:. Dover.
3680:. Boston.
3262:Tadoussac
3237:mackerels
3233:anchovies
3223:Captivity
3154:longlines
3074:U Seung 3
2937:Miwa Maru
2866:Ogawajima
2813:Disko Bay
2786:Bonavista
2641:cosystem
2612:harmonics
2596:frequency
2592:precursor
2584:San Diego
2580:submarine
2568:frequency
2479:head slap
2364:Commander
2317:but also
2294:southern
2287:fin whale
2066:North Sea
2000:Predation
1889:Greenland
1847:Ammodytes
1806:polar cod
1702:, on the
1656:50°N 34°W
1621:56°N 27°W
1483:and near
1421:Jan Mayen
1359:Australia
1345:, in the
1343:Argentina
1323:São Paulo
1220:Black Sea
1180:James Bay
1172:North Sea
1080:eye blaze
943:Tadoussac
919:Icelandic
743:based on
680:in 1791.
664:, in his
622:Greenland
610:Norwegian
594:fin whale
416:F. Cuvier
405:Fabricius
297:Species:
210:Kingdom:
204:Eukaryota
10288:Species+
10166:2.792167
10153:14300012
10101:11125414
9936:Wikidata
9877:Ziphius
9804:M. mirus
9768:M. grayi
9508:P. minor
9370:K. simus
9340:Kogiidae
9313:Physeter
9287:P. dalli
9254:P. sinus
9225:Phocoena
9043:Tursiops
8959:Stenella
8876:Tucuxi (
8762:Orcaella
8639:L. hosei
8591:G. melas
8316:B. ricei
8280:B. edeni
8079:Eutheria
8073:Mammalia
8067:Chordata
8061:Animalia
8059:Kingdom
7903:)." In:
7495:Document
7423:Document
7405:Document
7387:Document
7132:: 283–6.
6861:11425146
6750:21568435
6162:21235565
6119:23594428
6064:16321780
6009:June 10,
5914:: 35–38.
5557:84453527
5513:June 13,
5028:21533039
4915:16334704
4778:42648782
4612:85843505
4473:: 89–93.
4224:, 30 pp.
4074:23586609
4023:21203557
3983:PLOS ONE
3964:10121626
3956:17391271
3567:62265494
3419:See also
3286:ACCOBAMS
3146:gillnets
2957:172°33′E
2914:Hokkaido
2912:side of
2858:Kamaishi
2664:and the
2629:awaiian
2616:decibels
2444:vertical
2415:Ellipses
2283:humpback
2263:Behavior
2257:Anisakis
2245:Anisakis
2203:cestodes
2188:Anisakis
2184:nematode
2127:barnacle
2073:bacteria
2029:Svalbard
1933:Hokkaido
1911:east of
1869:flatfish
1865:coalfish
1818:copepods
1796:(mainly
1579:Faxaflói
1533:area of
1475:and the
1367:Victoria
1303:Maranhão
1258:and the
1214:and the
1168:Hebrides
1148:Svalbard
1041:anterior
924:Hokkaido
896:rorquals
765:Pliocene
652:Taxonomy
606:vågehval
598:zwergwal
519:Pliocene
508:rorquals
392:Synonyms
328:Lacépède
260:Family:
234:Mammalia
224:Chordata
220:Phylum:
214:Animalia
200:Domain:
160:IUCN 3.1
33:– Recent
31:Pliocene
10140:1006397
10075:2440728
9942:Q201808
9741:M. eueu
9460:Baiji (
9451:Lipotes
9386:Iniidae
9139:Monodon
8867:Sotalia
8806:O. orca
8795:Orcinus
8604:Grampus
8390:Caperea
8138:Balaena
8065:Phylum
8050:species
8048:Cetacea
8046:Extant
8005:balAcu1
7807:Bibcode
7295:1997".
6841:Bibcode
6777:Bibcode
6730:Bibcode
6689:Bibcode
6610:Bibcode
6110:3673810
6055:1559975
5935:Bibcode
5667:: 1–31.
5406:, 2005.
5275:Bibcode
5008:Bibcode
4895:Bibcode
4868:Special
4387:: 1–21.
4290:, 33pp.
4276:, 27pp.
4252:, 34pp.
4238:, 32pp.
4210:, 37pp.
4196:, 31pp.
4179:, 26pp.
4137:: 1–45.
4065:3637290
4014:3008685
3991:Bibcode
3936:Bibcode
3908:8412655
3866:: 1–46.
3837:: 1–33.
3409:(cut) (
3307:eyeball
3292:Gallery
3170:Tunisia
3102:Soviets
3058:Tae Won
3046:Kushiro
2954:32°24′N
2930:Shikoku
2918:Tottori
2906:Sanriku
2854:Akukawa
2711:Whaling
2705:Whaling
2689:), off
2633:slands
2562:and in
2459:Lateral
2431:plunges
2406:Circles
2372:Sanriku
2357:Lofoten
2190:simplex
2140:auritum
2093:copepod
2056:annelid
1990:gillnet
1945:Sanriku
1937:sardine
1881:whiting
1861:Lofoten
1853:pollock
1842:sandeel
1814:haddock
1802:capelin
1714:Biology
1661:50; -34
1626:56; -27
1447:shelf.
1387:Vanuatu
1339:Uruguay
1307:Paraíba
1228:Bahamas
1224:Bermuda
1204:Senegal
1192:Madeira
1060:flipper
910:in the
827:79°45′N
799:11°43′E
796:78°02′N
780:Hybrids
657:History
634:Spanish
462:Scammon
270:Genus:
254:Cetacea
240:Order:
230:Class:
175: (
158: (
99:↓
10306:137087
10254:800317
10241:137087
10212:NZOR:
10114:180524
10049:BLNPAC
9992:ARKive
8539:Feresa
8089:Order
8071:Class
7029:: 429.
6859:
6748:
6434:
6428:97–107
6160:
6117:
6107:
6062:
6052:
6028:Osedax
5881:
5555:
5057:
5026:
4913:
4820:: 231.
4776:
4610:
4072:
4062:
4021:
4011:
3962:
3954:
3906:
3756:
3714:
3565:
3555:
3407:artery
3405:Whale
3387:kidney
3385:Whale
3365:Whale
3347:Tongue
3345:Whale
3325:Whale
3305:Whale
3266:Quebec
3174:Israel
3166:Greece
3158:seines
3156:, and
3150:trawls
3129:Durban
3054:Gu Pok
2884:, and
2874:Aomori
2870:Kyushu
2862:Honshu
2818:Umanak
2806:salmon
2802:shrimp
2788:, and
2744:Salten
2215:, and
2058:worm,
1816:, and
1784:, and
1748:, and
1727:Whale
1678:Azores
1373:, and
1333:, and
1327:Paraná
1299:Brazil
1276:Oregon
1254:, the
1250:, the
1246:, the
1244:Hawaii
1226:, the
1208:Azores
1202:, and
1154:, and
977:thorax
830:9°32′E
726:Durban
626:Danish
602:German
582:lesser
580:, the
464:, 1872
453:, 1868
418:, 1836
407:, 1780
330:, 1804
10301:WoRMS
10280:69003
10267:68469
10096:IRMNG
10088:41550
10057:EUNIS
10010:29234
9350:Kogia
9019:Steno
8900:Sousa
7921:. CNN
7629:Tokyo
7621:Paper
7477:Paper
7459:Paper
7441:Paper
7369:Paper
7351:Paper
7333:Paper
7315:Paper
7297:Paper
7279:Paper
7261:Paper
7243:Paper
6399:Paper
5840:(PDF)
5553:S2CID
5024:S2CID
4774:S2CID
4659:(PDF)
4642:(PDF)
4608:S2CID
3960:S2CID
3541:. In
3485:Notes
3260:near
3190:bloom
3162:Italy
3082:Cheju
3078:Ulsan
2804:, or
2674:138°W
2670:135°W
2623:metre
2610:with
2411:Gyres
2323:terns
1786:krill
1729:penis
1674:Spain
1351:Chile
1311:Bahía
1130:Range
1117:Like
749:clade
699:(now
628:name
354:B. a.
177:CITES
171:CITES
10293:8288
10236:OBIS
10228:7759
10200:NOAA
10192:9767
10187:NCBI
10127:2474
10122:IUCN
10109:ITIS
10070:GBIF
10062:8355
10044:EPPO
10023:KF8K
10005:BOLD
9396:Inia
7949:NOAA
7927:2015
6857:PMID
6746:PMID
6432:ISBN
6179:)".
6158:PMID
6115:PMID
6060:PMID
6011:2016
5515:2014
4911:PMID
4687:help
4070:PMID
4019:PMID
3952:PMID
3904:PMID
3754:ISBN
3712:ISBN
3628:2022
3611:2018
3563:OCLC
3553:ISBN
3513:(or
3367:lung
3192:off
3072:and
3060:and
3024:and
2826:74°N
2740:Møre
2699:30°S
2687:17°S
2598:and
2461:and
2446:and
2344:70°N
2340:63°N
2321:and
2285:and
2035:and
1867:and
1849:spp.
1760:Prey
1647:34°W
1644:50°N
1612:27°W
1609:56°N
1437:60°N
1391:Fiji
1292:35°N
1290:and
1236:22°W
1232:40°N
1186:and
1160:40°N
1062:and
1043:and
999:The
979:and
860:Size
481:The
451:Cope
356:ssp.
38:PreꞒ
10174:NBN
10148:MSW
10135:MDD
10031:CMS
10018:CoL
9979:AFD
9966:ADW
7883:doi
7846:doi
7815:doi
6849:doi
6837:109
6814:doi
6785:doi
6738:doi
6726:129
6697:doi
6685:489
6618:doi
6577:hdl
6567:doi
6563:119
6375:doi
6262:doi
6150:doi
6105:PMC
6095:doi
6050:PMC
6042:doi
6038:272
5982:doi
5943:doi
5889:doi
5852:doi
5816:doi
5574:".
5545:doi
5483:doi
5314:doi
5283:doi
5246:doi
5187:NRK
5164:doi
5132:doi
5096:doi
5065:doi
5016:doi
4903:doi
4891:118
4764:hdl
4756:doi
4600:doi
4571:doi
4567:106
4534:doi
4530:104
4060:PMC
4050:doi
4009:PMC
3999:doi
3944:doi
3926:".
3894:doi
3615:doi
3288:).
2608:kHz
2338:to
1517:of
1377:),
1288:15°
584:or
485:or
10325::
10303::
10290::
10277::
10264::
10251::
10238::
10225::
10202::
10189::
10176::
10163::
10150::
10137::
10124::
10111::
10098::
10085::
10072::
10059::
10046::
10033::
10020::
10007::
9994::
9981::
9968::
9953::
9938::
7974:11
7972:.
7947:.
7935:^
7879:36
7877:.
7840:.
7836:.
7813:.
7803:17
7801:.
7784:27
7782:.
7760:.
7744:40
7742:.
7726:36
7709:42
7707:.
7695:^
7675:^
7667:29
7665:.
7648:40
7646:.
7627:,
7607:32
7605:.
7574:37
7572:.
7555:34
7553:.
7536:31
7534:.
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