Comic book convention

1286:," Wizard scheduled "three East Coast shows in a row — the New England Comic-Con in Boston on October 1-3, Big Apple the same weekend, and the new New Jersey Comic-Con the weekend after, on October 15-17." This was the beginning of what came to be known as the "Con Wars": in fact, Wizard originally scheduled the 2010 Big Apple Comic Con for October 7–10, the exact same dates as the previously scheduled 2010 New York Comic Con. After a public outcry, Wizard moved the dates of its 2010 New York convention to October 1–3. (Ultimately, the "Wizard World New York Experience" conventions were not successful; the company omitted New York entirely in 2012 and gave up the New York market after 2013.) 29: 1926: 2026: 1358:

the business to discuss its many aspects. Increasingly, comic conventions have expanded in scope to encompass the gamut of popular culture phenomena relating to comics, from movies, television, and animation to gaming and collectibles. Some cities have a number of comic-cons. Nearly every weekend of the year now has at least one convention somewhere, and some conventions are held on holiday weekends where four or more days can be devoted to events.

1654: 4828: 1712: 164:, the convention is the "largest convention of its kind in the world"; and is also the largest convention held in San Diego. According to the San Diego Convention and Visitor's Bureau, the convention has an annual regional economic effect of $ 162.8 million, with a $ 180 million economic impact in 2011. However, in 2017, SDCC lost its record of the largest annual multigenre convention to 1561:. "Comics-only" shows tend to hearken back to the comic book conventions of the 1970s and 1980s: still emphasizing the genres of superhero, fantasy, horror, and crime; as well as dealers selling back issues and other collectibles, but without the domineering presence of the mainstream publishers, or movie and television producers. Notable "comics-only" conventions include: 1394:

conventions (in terms of attendance) tend to be commercial ones. Commercial events are more likely to be about popular visual media than volunteer cons, and they also tend to attract many younger people, but this is not absolute by any means. Some commercial conventions have been known to harass fan-run conventions via their legal teams.

2101:). from a pool of 40–60 albums, called "official selections." From these are awarded the "Best Album" prize, five "Angoulême Essentials," one "Revelation Essential" (given to new talent), and one Essential chosen by the public. The Heritage Essential (for reprinted material) and Youth Essential are selected from separate nominee pools. 1885:, where persons go on stage and compete for nominal prizes based on their skill in assembling and presenting genre-inspired outfits. This, however, would be more accurately labelled a "talent show" rather than the "fancy dress ball" that the term suggests (although British fandom sometimes uses the term "fancy dress"). 97:

At commercial events, comic book creators often sign autographs for the fans, sometimes in exchange for a fixed appearance fee, and may sometimes draw illustrations for a per-item fee. Commercial conventions are usually quite expensive and are hosted in hotels. This represents a change for comic book

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Thematic areas are set up in the comics fairs where cosplayers and visitors can take photographs in an environment that imitates that of a specific comic, anime or video game or participate in various themed activities. These areas are set up by not for profit associations or sometimes by video game

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Many conventions have video rooms in which genre-related audiovisual presentations occur, typically commercial Hollywood movies, genre television show episodes, and anime. If there are multiple media rooms, each one may have themed content. Larger conventions may also have a genuine movie room, for

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Since the first conventions during the mid-1960s, hundreds of local and regional comic book conventions have been organized around the world either as one-time or annual events. At these conventions, fans of comic books come together with the professional writers, artists, editors, and publishers of

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Starting during the mid-2000s, ongoing comic book conventions were organized in most major U.S. cities, most of which are still ongoing. These pop-cultural gatherings attract tens of thousands of fans and generate millions of dollars in revenue every year. In addition to the Wizard-run conventions,

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A few conventions and festivals have a closing ceremony to formally mark the end of the convention. Depending on the convention, this can be a major gathering of most of the membership, or it may be lightly attended or dispensed with entirely as members are occupied with packing up and checking out

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Conventions provide a forum for fans to see first-hand and meet their favorite authors and artists. They also serve the interests of authors, editors, and other publishing professionals, providing opportunities for networking, promotion, and a convenient location for contract negotiations and other

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Volunteer conventions, however, tend to be smaller in scope and more intimate in character. Although there are frequent autograph sessions, they tend to be less of an attraction for volunteer cons. Admission to volunteer cons is usually termed "membership", thus emphasizing that the fans themselves

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expanded its conventions beyond New York, producing cons in San Francisco and Washington, D.C. By 1983, the company was the main producer of comic book conventions nationwide. For instance, in 1986, Creation produced large-scale comics conventions in at least six cities, including Philadelphia, Los

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in a holster. Simulated or costume props may require conspicuous marks, such as bright ribbons or zip ties, to show that security has deemed them safe to be carried. Simulated weapons or props which can be used as a weapon may be disabled or secured in the way as real weapons. Peace-bonding helps

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At North American conventions, a hospitality suite is often provided as a room reserved for minor refreshments, quiet conversation, and a place to rest briefly. The refreshments typically include coffee, tea, juice or soda, and light meals appropriate for the time of day. Depending on local liquor

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Attendees of major conventions receive a bag with the convention program, a lavishly illustrated volume featuring themed artwork, articles submitted by members and the official guests, along with a description of the event's programming, staff, rules, guests, and any charity being supported by the

657:, a bimonthly trade show which ran regularly until the mid-1980s. Comic book creators, editors, and publishers began to make it part of their routine to attend conventions as official guests. Major comics-related news events were often revealed at annual conventions: examples include the news that 285:

The first recorded "official" comic book convention occurred in 1964 in New York City. Known as the "New York Comicon", it was held July 24, 1964, at the Workman's Circle Building. A one-day convention organized by 16-year-old Bernie Bubnis and fellow enthusiast Ron Fradkin, official guests of the

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Many con-goers take pride in being interesting and unusual, and many conventions are idiosyncratic. Cons often have activities, running jokes, organizational methods, and other features that not only differentiate them from other cons but are often a point of pride. Most cons vary from the above

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During the early days of comic book conventions, there was little or no distinction made between the "pros" and the "fans". (After all, many professionals began as fans, and may still consider themselves fans; and more than a few fans have also worked professionally or semi-professionally in the

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Attendees include artists and dealers offering products and services for sale to fans, and those who wish to buy them. Others come for the programming, or to meet friends or other comic book fans in general. Many attend for all of these reasons. Some later publish a "con report" detailing their

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debuted in 1982. HeroesCon is one of the largest independent comic book conventions still operating; during the heyday of the Dallas Fantasy Fair, it was one of the largest comics conventions in the country, third in attendance behind the San Diego Comic-Con and the Chicago Comicon. (The Dallas

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On March 21–22, 1964, the first annual "Alley Tally" by ACBFC members was organized by Bails at his house in Detroit, with the purpose of counting "the Alley Award ballots for 1963". This became notable in retrospect as the first major gathering of comics fans, predating the earliest comic book

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pay to set up booths to sell autographs and memorabilia. Commercial events also tend to have less small-scale programming; panels will more often be composed of famous actors, directors, etc. on press junkets, where the panels are held in very large rooms with very high attendance. The largest

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in 1997 to expand from its core publishing business into trade/consumer conventions. The renamed "Wizard World Chicago" was the template for a new kind of convention that shifted its emphasis from actual comic books to ancillary elements of popular culture fandom: celebrity performers, movies,

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in 2006.) Great Eastern also ran shows in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Oregon, Minnesota, Texas, and South Florida. Despite their large fan attendance and expansive venues, however, Great Eastern's large shows were criticized by many within the industry for pandering to dealers and

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The event's "weapons policy" may offer objective criteria to determine what looks like a weapon. For example, a weapons policy may require a peace-bond for anything that a reasonable person might recognize as a weapon from a short distance in dim light. Real weapons, if allowed, are disabled,

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At some conventions, attendees carry costume props that appear to be weapons. To forestall concerns about misuse of real weapons at such events, the security team "peace-bonds" anything that might look like a weapon. (Peace-bonding is a conspicuous lock, tie, or mark which makes or identifies

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Artist Alley is a fixture at most comic conventions. It is an area where creators display and sell their work (including original art), take commissions, sign autographs, and interact with fans. These areas may also include crafts, drawn art, self-published books or video, fanzines, and more.

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Comic book conventions increased dramatically during the 1970s, with many of the largest conventions of the modern era being established during the decade. During the early 1970s, conventions were initiated in almost every major American city (and some minor ones), as well as in London, with

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An exhibit hall or dealers' room is a popular feature at comic book conventions. Publishing companies, distributors, and other proprietors often arrive to exhibit and/or sell their newest products to fans. Wares can include back issues of comic books, graphic novels and trade paperbacks,

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New York City has had a checkered history with comic book conventions. It was the first U.S. city to host a convention (the 1964 "Tri-State Con"), but was poorly served for conventions from the late 1980s until the mid-to-late 1990s – despite both major mainstream comic publishers,

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In 2002, Wizard produced "Wizard World East" in Philadelphia, a still-ongoing show (now known as "FanExpo Philadelphia"). The company added ongoing shows in Texas in 2003, Los Angeles in 2004, and Boston in 2005. In 2007–2008, Wizard held conventions in Los Angeles, Philadelphia,

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Comic book conventions typically feature official guests or guests of honor. A convention may have as many guests of honor as the convention committee wishes. A guest can be an industry person – some notable and frequently appearing examples of industry guests include

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gather to meet creators, experts, and each other. Commonly, comic conventions are multi-day events hosted at convention centers, hotels, or college campuses. They feature a wide variety of activities and panels, with a larger number of attendees participating with

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conventions scheduled for after mid-March of that year were canceled, and many were displayed online only in 2021. Wizard World had only six in-person conventions in 2021, and that August the company announced it would be selling the convention events business to

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Most comic book conventions occur during a weekend, with events scheduled between Friday evening and Sunday afternoon. Saturday is typically the busiest day, as most fans must return home on Sunday. One-day passes are sometimes sold at a reduced price.

1941:. Panels usually come in two segments: the host puts on a presentation or does an interview with a guest, and then the fans are asked to give questions. The topic scope for panels is varied and can include things from new releases to author spotlights. 1292:

This increase of Wizard-produced conventions resulted in accusations that the entertainment behemoth was deliberately trying to cause its competitors to fail. However, many praised Wizard's professional and standardized method of producing conventions.

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Beginning in 2009, Wizard made a concerted push to dominate the North American convention circuit. The company began by starting new shows in various cities, and then by acquiring existing conventions, such as New York City's longest-running multigenre

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Comic book conventions were traditionally managed and staffed by volunteers, though venues may require certain activities to be contracted out. Event funding typically relies on convention registrations. Nowadays, many of the larger conventions are

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notes that the Alley Tally and "even larger fan meetings in Chicago ... helped build momentum" for these earliest conventions. (The Chicago gathering occurred May 9–10, 1964; it featured "several dozen" attendees, a dealer room, and film showings.)

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In response to the big conventions' shifting of emphasis away from comic books themselves, a number of small conventions were organized during the mid-1990s that emphasized comics, particularly those not published by the big mainstream companies

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are the ones who compose the convention, rather than the staff who manage commercial cons. A community of fans who run such conventions has developed, and many of them share their best practices and keep convention-running traditions alive.

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An important distinction can be made between commercial events (often called "shows") – those managed by dedicated companies who specialize in convention organization, or by local for-profit businesses – and volunteer-run conventions.

1822:. More and more, guests also can include movie and television directors and actors, as more of these cultural products are based on comic books. Examples of this sort of guest, participating frequently with the convention circuit, include 1869:

distribution and liability laws, the suite may serve alcohol. At conventions in the rest of the world, the hotel or convention center bar typically offers the same social function. At conventions in the United Kingdom, the provision of

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outline in one or more important ways, and many have their own unique characteristics. Most cons will tend to evolve many of their own idiosyncrasies in this manner. To fans, these are often part of the charm each convention offers.

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Usually run for profit, commercial events tend to charge for "tickets" or "admission" rather than having "memberships". A primary emphasis of commercial events is meeting celebrities, such as actors of television shows and movies,

2677:, being headquartered in New York during that time. Presently, New York is flush with comic book conventions, with at least five annual shows being produced. The following is a timeline of New York City comic book conventions. 754:, where I was sitting there as chairman of the board of Croft Publishing Co. My secretary said, 'There's a Mr. Seuling on the phone and he's talking about a comics convention. What is that?' She said, 'I didn't know you were a 811:

In 1976, there were 20 comic book conventions held throughout the United States; many of them attracted thousands of attendees. About this time specialized shows began being organized, emphasizing on such topics as so-called

277:, Detroit, Michigan, was organized by teenagers Robert Brusch and Dave Szurek, with assistance from Bails and members of the Michigan Science Fiction Society. This gathering featured about 80 fans of the comic book medium. 758:, Mr. Eisner.' 'Oh, yes,' I said, 'secretly; I'm a closet cartoonist.' I came down and was stunned at the existence of the whole world. ... That was a world that I had left, and I found it very exciting, very stimulating". 1188:

in promoting small conventions in more than 20 U.S. locations, including Indiana, Oregon, Texas, as well as in South Florida. And in 1995, Sim toured the country in a self-styled nine-stop "Spirits of Independence" tour.

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While the Con's impact is global, it's San Diego's single largest convention, drawing more than 100,000 people who will rent hotel rooms, order meals and buy bagfuls of whatnots, all to the tune of $ 32 million.

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A number of cons include a category for "Attending Professionals": professionals who pay a (possibly reduced) price to enter but also get a special name badge that proclaims them to be professionals in the field.

765:'72, held July 22–23, 1972, at the Pick-Congress Hotel, was the first Chicago-area comics and collectibles convention. Produced by Nancy Warner, the show had about 2,000 attendees. That show evolved into the 1951:

Panel members (even professionals) are not customarily paid for their appearance, although many North-American conventions waive membership fees for program participants or rebate them after the convention.

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From press coverage of comic book and anime conventions has arisen the widespread tendency of fans in general attendance at the con to dress as their favorite characters in elaborate costumes (known as

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Hotels have few business travelers during the weekend, making it much easier to reserve a block of rooms and secure space for programming at a reduced price. Many fans are students and have little

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produced comic book conventions for almost 20 years, but most actively during the years 1987–1996. In New York City, the Great Eastern shows filled the gap after the mid-1980s demise of the annual

1414:. Festivals emphasize the art and literature of the comics form, and only minimally related popular culture and merchandising. In the U.S., comics festival and "indy shows" tend to emphasize the " 71:. Comic book conventions are also used as a method by which publishers, distributors, and retailers represent their comic-related releases. Comic book conventions may be considered derivatives of 2224: 101:

The first official comic book convention was held in 1964 in New York City and was named New York Comicon. Early conventions were small affairs, usually organized by local enthusiasts (such as

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In 2015, however, Wizard lost $ 4.25 million in revenue and cut back from 25 to 19 convention events in 2016. By 2018, the company was producing thirteen annual conventions around the U.S.

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enthusiasts and historians. The ACBFC brought fans of the medium together, administered the first industry awards, and assisted with the establishment of the first comic book conventions.

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Schelly, Bill. "The Kaler Con: Two Views: Bigger And Better Than The Benson Con Just Three Weeks Before?? (Part VIII of '1966: The Year Of (Nearly) Three New York Comics Conventions'),"

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security control the use or abuse of real weapons at a convention or other event: anything that looks like a weapon but which is not peace-bonded is immediately deemed to be suspicious.

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Nowadays, comic conventions are big business, with recurring shows in every major American city. Comic book conventions in name only, the biggest shows include a large range of

336:. With Kaler's management, the academy produced three successful "Academy Con" shows in New York during the summers of 1965–1967, attracting industry professionals such as 1239:

television, video games, and toys – "comic conventions" almost in name only. By 2006, Wizard World Chicago boasted a weekend attendance of more than 58,000 people.

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By the end of the 1980s, comic book conventions were evolving into sprawling affairs that promoted movies, television shows, celebrity performers, video games, toys, and

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stated, "The New York shows are extremely unfriendly to both creators and fans. ... There is limited programming, limited professional appearances at these shows."

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That same year, the direct economic impact of Comic-Con – a five-day pop culture celebration that is the county's largest convention – was pegged at $ 180 million.

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is an event where the most popular items from the art show are sold to the most interested buyers at the convention. Many conventions also have auctions for charities.

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since 1988; while the Harvey Awards, also inaugurated in 1988 and after being presented at many different venues for much of their life, have been presented at the

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continued producing large annual conventions in New York City, usually occurring the weekend after Thanksgiving. A popular venue for the Thanksgiving cons was the

562:("Multicon") to the mix in 1970. The Southwesterncon partnership lasted roughly until 1971, with Houstoncon, D-Con, and Multicon continuing separately until 1982. 98:

conventions, which were traditionally more oriented toward comic books as a mode of literature, and maintained less differentiation between professional and fan.

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debuted in Angoulême, France, in January 1974. 10,000 attendees made it the most successful inaugural comic book festival to that date. 1974 also saw the first

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Evening entertainment often includes a combination of official and unofficial events, including formal invitational dinners, and fandom-themed room parties.

2157: 1948:, or use industry-specific software. Another event at most comic book conventions include screenings of movies and TV shows that can last through the day. 3998: 2097:) (1989–2003). In addition, the Angoulême festival presents a number of other awards called "The Official Awards of the International Comics Festival" ( 1149:

In March 1996, Great Eastern, at a very late time, cancelled what had been advertised as a larger-than-usual New York show, scheduled to be held at the

3884:(Aug, 18, 2011): "Chicago being one of the original stops** on the Spirits of Independence tour that launched the entire indie comics show experience." 3554: 2772:"The 1964 New York Comicon: The True Story Behind the World's First Comic Book Convention (The 1960s: The Silver Age of Comic Conventions) (Volume 1)" 1960:

Some conventions feature award ceremonies, in which the best works and most notable individuals are recognized for their contributions to the field.

2758:#16 (Dec. 1977): "These early conventions were run by purists for panelologists, and not meant to be commercially overbearing or expensive to go to." 388:

were presented at all three Academy Cons. The 1965 Academy Con also featured one of the first recorded "superhero masquerades", or costume contests.

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I (officially known as "Comi Con: Second Annual Convention of Academy of Comic-Book Fans and Collectors"), held July 31 – August 1, 1965, at the

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Almost since their inception, comic book conventions have hosted comic awards. Two of the longest-running and most prestigious awards are the

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There are also workshops, that are like panels but are more geared towards instructions through a major or specific task such as how to draw

1193: 158:, a multigenre entertainment and comic convention held annually in San Diego since 1970, is the best known of U.S. comic-cons. According to 2573: 2034:

developers or Anime producers. Some examples of these areas are those dedicated to Star Wars, Fallout or to the Marvel Cinematic Universe.

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In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, both WonderCon and Dragon Con were canceled, and San Diego Comic-Con moved its programming online.

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Angeles, New York City, San Francisco, Washington, D.C., and New Brunswick, New Jersey. (The New York show featured a special tribute to

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conventions. After 1988, the company stopped producing comic book conventions to emphasize its other, more profitable, fan conventions.

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on 59th St. & Columbus Circle. As a substitute event, comic book retailer Michael Carbonaro and others quickly organized the first

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Founders of Comic Fandom: Profiles of 90 Publishers, Dealers, Collectors, Writers, Artists and Other Luminaries of the 1950s and 1960s

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Schelly, Bill (November 2005). "1966: The Year of THREE (Or Maybe 21/2) New York Comicons!: Part 2: The 1966 New York 'Benson' Con".

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During panels at comic book conventions, the audience is sometimes invited to line up and ask questions using a dedicated microphone.

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field.) Nowadays, other than in the so-called "Artist Alleys", there is more of a caste system among professionals and enthusiasts.

1834:. Comic conventions represent an opportunity for fans to interact with such individuals that may not be possible outside the event. 1074: 419:

In 1966, comic book conventions continued to evolve and expand, The July 23–24 New York Comicon (not to be confused with the later

2090: 731:. In the mid-1970s, attendance at the New York Creation conventions averaged around 5,000 fans; the admission was around $ 5/day. 4268: 2480: 2327: 1497: 219:, which traced their origin to "a letter to Jerry dated October 25, 1961", by fellow enthusiast (and future comics professional) 3260:

Thomas, Roy. "Splitting the Atom: More Than You Could Possibly Want to Know About the Creation of the Silver Age Mighty Mite!"

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fans are managed by commercial interests for profit. Many conventions have award presentations relating to comics (such as the

5327: 4801: 1346: 1051: 4378:"New York Comic Con Goes Metaverse: With in-person events on hold for the past six months, virtual conventions are evolving" 1379:, etc. There are frequently very long lines of people waiting for autographs at commercial events. While famous actors like 4093: 3218:"Fantasy literature, fantasy films, and comic art,": Detroit Triple Fan Fair program book (Detroit Triple Fan Fair, 1972). 5584: 2915: 2625: 2597: 904: 2892: 4840: 4418: 2435: 1610:. The largest events may require as many as a hundred volunteers. Volunteers often receive T-shirts or other benefits. 1197: 3628: 1465:(Bristol International Comic & Small Press Expo), Bristol, England (2004–2014) – produced by retailer Mike Allwood 4715: 4399: 4055: 3716: 1755: 1693: 1554: 1134: 232:

create its own awards to reward fandom's "favorite comic books in a number of categories" in a manner similar to the

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Comics-only conventions emerged in response to the sprawling popular culture-emphasizing conventions epitomized by

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Comic-cons were traditionally organized by fans on a not-for-profit basis, though nowadays most events catering

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since 2006. The following is a list of conventions and the award presentations they host (or formerly hosted):

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Although wide variations exist between different conventions, there is a general pattern to which most adhere.

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is rarely if ever a feature of these conventions. Some notable North American small press conventions include:

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Game rooms are also available at some conventions for attendees to play a variety of genre games, including

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also debuted that year, hosted by the Pierremont Plaza Hotel, in Atlanta, Georgia. Official guests were

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Most fans would have to take a vacation from work or study to attend an event held during the workweek.

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So-called "comics festivals" are based on a European model started by such long-running conventions as

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During this time, Creation branched out from comics and began producing conventions for the genres of

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debuted in 1971, organized by 14-year-old Queens schoolboys Adam Malin and Gary Berman, and held over

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Cooke, Jon B. "Rich Buckler Breaks Out! The Artist on Deathlok, T'Challa, and Other Marvel Tales,"

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Myers, Greg W. "It Was 10 Years Ago: Cleveland's International Superman Expo — June 16–19, 1988,"

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something unusable, such as a weapon, and shows that the owner's intentions are purely peaceful.)

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Comic book conventions spread to Canada and Switzerland in 1985; also debuting that year was the

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Internationally, the world's largest comic book convention, in terms of attendees, is Japan's

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as much as (if not more than) comic books. Many historians date this shift to the release of

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attended the convention and claimed to be the first person who signed up for the event.

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conventions, which were held later in the year. Attendees included Ronn Foss, Don Glut,

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hosted the International Superman Expo. Held June 16–19, official guests include

1018:, held at the Oakland Convention Center, in Oakland, California. Later to be known as 5564: 5552: 5464: 5355: 5193: 5028: 5021: 5014: 4797: 4711: 4616: 3742: 3419: 2887: 2568: 2541: 2383: 2376: 2319: 2212: 2152: 1577: 1300: 1267: 1201: 1150: 892: 572:

In 1968, two important conventions had their start. Taking over for the Academy Con,

516: 472: 373: 295: 122: 4309:"Con Wars in Minneapolis as Wizard World schedules show two weeks before Spring Con" 2093:(1974–present) – formerly known as the "Alfreds" (1974–1988) and "Alph-Art Awards" ( 1459:), Brooklyn, New York (2009–present) – produced by the retailer Desert Island Comics 5547: 5516: 4731: 3911: 2494: 2335: 1503: 1338: 1279: 1220: 1176: 1039: 1031: 916: 770: 716: 677: 36: 3864:

Hibbs, Brian. "Blood & Thunder: Who Bears the Burden: Retailer or Publisher,"

2025: 1133:. From 1993 to 1995, Great Eastern hosted two New York City shows annually at the 391:

1965 also saw the genesis of what became the annual Italian comic book convention

5424: 5315: 5273: 5108: 5081: 4860: 3935: 3723: 3654: 3195:"George R.R. Martin was the first person to sign up for the first ever Comic Con" 3043: 2609: 2440: 2352: 2140: 1882: 1823: 1782: 1533: 1380: 1252: 1235: 1094: 1063: 836: 766: 762: 534: 492: 377: 250: 132:

and entertainment elements of virtually all genres, including horror, animation,

129: 113:), and featuring a few industry guests. The first recurring conventions were the 1908:

secured, and marked. For example, bright orange zip ties may be used to hold a

1815: 1437:(APE), San Jose, California (1994–2017) – produced in San Francisco for 15 years 1086: 5622: 5508: 5290: 5261: 5144: 5129: 5097: 4904: 4097: 3675: 3246: 2754: 2629: 2601: 2529: 2510: 2244: 2217: 1992: 1827: 1484: 1376: 1304: 1160: 936: 912: 876: 844: 821: 697: 464: 349: 68: 51: 2786: 1114:

in 1989, which began the convention circuit's newfound enthusiasm for movies.

5642: 5268: 4620: 4423: 4326: 4269:"Wizard World adds seven cities including Tulsa, Sacramento, and San Antonio" 4134: 2674: 2459: 1831: 1595: 1525: 1423: 1171: 1043: 960: 928: 861: 593: 559: 538: 488: 291: 236:. The first Alley Awards, given for the calendar year 1961, were reported in 91: 3652:

Yates, Ronald (July 23, 1972). "Nostalgia Show Here a Pageant of the Past".

3566: 3523: 3267: 1289:

In 2013, Wizard produced conventions in 13 cities, expanding to 20 in 2014.

661:

was defecting from Marvel to DC, and DC's announcement that it was reviving

5372: 5337: 5251: 5149: 5087: 4953: 4940: 4909: 4563: 4500: 3638: 3555:"Update to Comics Dealer Extraordinaire Robert Beerbohm: In His Own Words," 3415: 3010: 2490: 2400: 2364: 2340: 2313: 2295: 2280: 2268: 2252: 2169: 2145: 2114: 2066: 2062: 2058: 1472: 1090: 1082: 1004: 952: 944: 924: 720: 712: 685: 605: 601: 577: 460: 428: 385: 369: 274: 262: 254: 216: 83: 59: 4198:"Breaking: Big Apple to go head to head with New York Comic-Con next year" 165: 5617: 5612: 5439: 5399: 5188: 5003: 4991: 4919: 4787:. Translated by Bart Beaty; Nick Nguyen. University of Mississippi Press. 4682: 4245: 4060: 2505: 2424: 2419: 2307: 2120: 2014: 1607: 1603: 1143: 1014:

A number of still-extant conventions debuted in 1987, beginning with the

1008: 968: 948: 869: 801: 743: 637: 527: 484: 468: 432: 345: 341: 337: 329: 287: 258: 201: 145: 118: 102: 55: 4646: 2810:"Wizard World Inc.: A roving comic con looks to corner the geek market," 2029:

A Fallout Cosplayer photographed at a Comic Con in a Fallout Themed area

1389:

are paid tens of thousands of dollars per convention, minor and obscure

1309: 1196:

73, held April 20–22, 1973, at the Pauley Ballroom, ASUC Building,

5483: 5198: 5061: 4975: 4945: 4583: 3916:

Raving Toy Maniac - The Latest News and Pictures from the World of Toys

3624: 3180: 2605: 2589: 2546: 2498: 2010: 1678: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1462: 1427: 1390: 1105: 1059: 1047: 1035: 988: 980: 940: 880: 805: 797: 789: 781: 773:), and has been known to attract as many as 70,000 attendees annually. 755: 689: 658: 654: 629: 625: 621: 617: 555: 523: 480: 448: 440: 424: 400: 357: 328:

had taken over as ACBFC Executive Secretary; the organization produced

325: 220: 209: 106: 5607: 5409: 5381: 5300: 5241: 4963: 4534: 3918:(Press release). Congers, New York: www.toymania.com. August 7, 2006. 2670: 2395: 1794: 1530: 1419: 1385: 1330: 1167: 1078: 1019: 1015: 1000: 817: 793: 669: 566: 508: 311: 149: 94:, which have been presented at a variety of venues also since 1988). 5160: 1740:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 1653: 1011:. Admission was £7.50 for both days. UKCAC ran annually until 1998. 5473: 5459: 5434: 5419: 5414: 5404: 5394: 5285: 5236: 5134: 5092: 5008: 4835: 3524:"The Comic Book Conventions: The humble beginnings...continued...," 2663: 2099:

le Palmarès Officiel du Festival international de la bande dessinée

1870: 1811: 1181: 1070: 920: 865: 589: 452: 365: 361: 3036: 2973:"Comic Con Experience se firma como maior evento do tipo no mundo" 750:

I came back into the field because of . I remember calling me in

742:, New York City) was notable for being the convention credited by 5493: 5478: 5454: 5389: 5332: 5280: 5256: 5173: 5154: 5102: 5039: 5034: 3353: 1891: 1790: 1509: 1212: 1101: 551: 542: 224: 176: 64: 20: 4827: 3951:"Wizard Announces Successful Debut for Wizard World Los Angeles" 3726:"Information Without The Bun," TimeUnion.com (February 7, 2013). 1266:

Wizard's 2010 "North American Comic Con" tour included shows in

5366: 5208: 5203: 4883: 4451: 3318: 3316: 3314: 1945: 1938: 1913: 1798: 1446: 1219:(APE), which debuted in San Jose, California, in 1994; and the 620:, from August 30 to September 2, 1968. "Member"-guests include 404: 233: 160: 4094:"GAREB SHAMUS, WIZARD ENTERTAINMENT CEO, BUYS TORONTO COMICON" 3115:

Schelly, Bill. "1966: The Year of THREE* New York Comicons!,"

2713: 2680: 1401: 5429: 5213: 5183: 5056: 4970: 4785:

Of Comics and Men: A Cultural History of American Comic Books

4707:

Futurespeak: A Fan's Guide to the Language of Science Fiction

3073: 3071: 3069: 3067: 2685: 1988: 1984: 1909: 1599: 1361: 847:

and comic book convention, FantaCon ran annually until 1990.

408: 137: 133: 4039:"April 9: Wizard Entertainment CEO Acquires Big Apple Con". 3311: 1487:, New York City (2002–present) – originally produced by the 1278:, Austin, and Boston. As part of a "major offensive against 1192:

The antecedent to these new "comic festivals" may have been

243: 215:

The academy's first order of business was to administer the

5498: 5178: 5168: 4335: 4150:"Wizard World Comic Con Tour Plans Return to Texas in 2010" 3054: 3052: 2065:, both of which began in 1988 after the dissolution of the 1881:

Traditionally, conventions held a costume contest called a

1781:

convention. Local restaurant information and a combination

1629:

Transportation costs are often lower for weekend travelers.

1478: 850: 565:

In 1966, a new convention, Gateway Con, was inaugurated in

507:, and one on the "so-called 'Forgotten '50s", particularly 4852: 3851:"Newswatch: NYC Comics Convention Cancelled, Fans Irate," 3064: 2690:

England has hosted comic book conventions since 1968 (the

1524:(TCAF), Toronto (2003–present) – produced by the retailer 700:, and it drew 300 people. The three-day show evolved into 4849:— comic convention news and advertisements from the 1960s 3779:"Reining in a Dark Horse: An Interview with Diana Schutz" 2616:(Eagles rebranded as "True Believer Comic Awards") (2014) 1537: 4529: 3439:"Nation Wide St. Louis' Comic Art Con (advertisement)". 3350:

Women who made a huge impact in comics - Friends of Lulu

3156: 3154: 3049: 2944:"Beer is big, bubbly business in SD, new study confirms" 2276:

Salón Internacional del Cómic del Principado de Asturias

1999:

presentation of actual movies on film instead of video.

1895:) that are time-consuming and/or expensive to assemble. 596:

This annual convention, which later became known as the

305: 3567:"The Comic Book Conventions: The humble beginnings...," 2258:

MoCCA Arts Festival Awards of Excellence (2012–present)

1226: 907:(UKCAC), first held September 21–22, 1985, at the 879:

and science fiction; it was known particularly for its

588:

in New York City on July 4–7. The guests of honor were

503:

acting administrator Leonard Darvin, a panel about the

411:, and has grown in size and importance over the years. 324:

Meanwhile, in New York City, teacher/comics enthusiast

310:

Continuing the momentum from the previous year, Bails,

4756:"Greenhill Sues Great Eastern and Wizard". Newswatch. 3569:

Creation Entertainment website. Accessed June 4, 2012.

3526:

Creation Entertainment website. Accessed June 4, 2012.

3449: 3141: 3139: 3137: 3122: 2983: 2971:

Rosario, Mariana; Rosset, Tatiane (December 1, 2017).

2883:"Comic-Con kicks off with freaks, fans, famous people" 1418:" genre, not the work of "mainstream" publishers like 1223:(SPX), which premiered in Bethesda, Maryland in 1994. 612:

weekend, until 1983. In England, Phil Clarke produced

4419:"Wizard World Sells Its Comic Con Events to Fan Expo" 3377: 3151: 1636:, so hotel and convention fees are important factors. 604:

from 1968 to 1970. CAC ran annually (occasionally in

3894:"Wizard Magazine Buys Chicago Comicon". News Watch. 3102:"Historian Collects Comics: They Are Works of Art," 843:, in Albany, New York. The first annual Albany-area 808:. OrlandoCon ran annually for 20+ years until 1994. 298:. Reports were of over 100 attendees. A 16-year-old 4634: 3764:Mastrangelo, Joseph P. "Browsing for Comic Books," 3134: 1471:(ECBACC), Philadelphia (2002–present) – focuses on 1211:The first exclusively small press conventions were 1042:(his first convention appearance in twelve years), 105:, known later as the "Father of Comic Fandom", and 4393: 4391: 4172: 4170: 3706:No. 2. (Wildwood Press, Ltd., 1972), pp. 8–10, 28. 1643: 1200:. Berkeleycon was the first convention devoted to 1161:Small press conventions and comic book "festivals" 4643:"Anthrocon Convention Book Submission Guidelines" 4609:"Comic-Con Is Online, and So Is the Artist Alley" 2781: 2779: 1215:, which debuted in Oxford, England, in 1992; the 647: 5640: 4355:United States Securities and Exchange Commission 4096:(Press release). Paradise Comics. Archived from 3037:"Early days of UK comics conventions and marts," 3013:. "Jerry Bails' Ten Building Blocks of Fandom," 2664:Timeline of New York City comic book conventions 1963:A convention may have one or more auctions. The 1594:as non-profit organizations, usually to achieve 1544: 820:, women in comics, and individual creators like 4670: 4466: 4388: 4217: 4215: 4167: 3833:Doten, Patti. "Comics convention a real draw," 3609:"Comic Book Collectors Take Funnies Seriously," 1977: 1837: 1303:harmed the convention business worldwide. Most 4776:The Power of Comics: History, Form and Culture 4661: 3912:"Wizard World Chicago Sets Attendance Records" 3347: 2826: 2776: 2331:(U.S.) – Day Prize/SPACE Prize (2001–present) 1319: 704:, and now attracts 130,000 or more attendees. 4868: 4584:Parry, Laurence "GreenReaper" (May 5, 2007). 4499: 4131:"Philly Wizard World Photo Gallery Now Open!" 4113:"Wizard Announces Anaheim Comic-Con for 2010" 4110: 3288: 3286: 3284: 3282: 2970: 1174:. Many of these "indy cons" were inspired by 522:That same summer (August 12–14) in New York, 4548:Oklahoma Association of Anthropomorphic Arts 4212: 4179:"Con wars: Shamus retreats, moves Big Apple" 4076:"Wizard's Gareb Shamus Buys Toronto Comicon" 3847: 3845: 3843: 3785:. December 20, 2001. Accessed March 17, 2008 3689:Jennings, Dana. "The Angouleme Convention," 2766: 2764: 2240:(Italy) – Gran Guinigi Award (1967–present) 1584: 1481:(MICE), Boston, Massachusetts (2010–present) 1117: 208:(ACBFC), the first official organization of 58:and comic book culture, in which comic book 4778:. Continuum International Publishing Group. 4773: 3758: 3549: 3547: 3545: 3483:Comic-Con Souvenir Book No. 40 p.61 (2009). 3077: 719:, in New York City. The guest of honor was 4875: 4861: 4760:. No. 172. November 1994. p. 40. 4749: 4331:"WIZARD WORLD LOSES $ 4.3 MILLION IN 2015" 4302: 4300: 3980:"Wizard World 2007 and 2008 Tour Schedule" 3717:"FantaCon 2013: the Tom Skulan interview," 3702:Ayres, Bruce. "The EC Convention Report," 3557:Comic-Convention Memories (June 24, 2010). 3279: 2941: 2852: 2787:"Superheroes Decoded: Comic-Con | History" 2708:The Lakes International Comic Art Festival 2686:Timeline of British comic book conventions 1606:charities, while others are registered as 1362:Commercial shows vs. volunteer conventions 614:Comicon '68 (British Comic Art Convention) 582:International Convention of Comic Book Art 223:, in which he suggested to Bails that his 4782: 4676: 4640: 4444: 4397: 4375: 4306: 4287:"Matt Fraction on HeroesCon/Wizard World" 4266: 4221: 4195: 4176: 4019: 3977: 3840: 3322: 3160: 3093:, Volume 3 (TwoMorrows Publishing, 2005). 3058: 2913: 2761: 2177:East Coast Black Age of Comics Convention 2129:Barcelona International Comics Convention 2069:. The Eisner Award has been presented at 1756:Learn how and when to remove this message 1694:Learn how and when to remove this message 1531:Legion Comic Book, Toy and Art Convention 1469:East Coast Black Age of Comics Convention 1204:(which had their unofficial mecca in the 382:Academy of Comic-Book Fans and Collectors 244:Alley Talley and other gatherings of 1964 206:Academy of Comic-Book Fans and Collectors 111:Academy of Comic-Book Fans and Collectors 16:Event with a primary focus on comic books 4832:Wikinews attends ComiCon in Tyler, Texas 4791: 4774:Duncan, Randy; Smith, Matthew J (2009). 4710:, New York: Paragon House, p. 244, 4562:Department of Psychology (May 5, 2007). 4053: 4043:. No. 299. August 2009. p. 22. 3928: 3601: 3542: 3466: 3464: 3408: 3031: 3029: 3027: 3025: 3006: 3004: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2989: 2916:"Comic-Con is truly one in the millions" 2024: 1924: 1580:(est. 1982 in Charlotte, North Carolina) 1506:(SPX), Bethesda, Maryland (1994–present) 1449:(CAKE), Chicago, Illinois (2012–present) 851:Creation Entertainment spreads its wings 784:, organized by regional chairman of the 479:. (There were four women in attendance: 399:("International Congress of Comics") in 27: 4810: 4472: 4416: 4410: 4376:MacDonald, Heidi (September 11, 2020). 4319: 4297: 4267:MacDonald, Heidi (September 17, 2013). 3900:. No. 195. April 1997. p. 24. 3535:Pinaha, Bob. "Creation '71 No Turkey!" 3455: 3414: 3383: 3366: 3273: 3145: 3128: 3083: 2804: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2796: 2794: 2481:Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo 2328:Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo 2189:Festival de la BD francophone de Québec 2083:Angoulême International Comics Festival 1789:often receive additional items such as 1598:and safeguard the organizers' personal 1498:Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo 1412:Angoulême International Comics Festival 778:Angoulême International Comics Festival 723:. From that time until the late 1980s, 414: 403:. In 1966, it was relocated to a small 380:. As befitting a convention run by the 185:Angoulême International Comics Festival 5641: 4351:"Form 10-K: WIZARD ENTERTAINMENT, INC" 4325: 4032: 3879:"Have your CAKE in Chicago next June," 3801: 3754:from the original on November 3, 2013. 3729: 3668: 3662: 3432: 3395: 3389: 2730:List of defunct comic book conventions 1613: 1347:Chicago Comic & Entertainment Expo 600:(CAC), hosted the presentation of the 5328:Organization for Transformative Works 4856: 4703: 4606: 4586:"UC Davis posts furry survey results" 4222:MacDonald, Heidi (October 19, 2009). 4196:MacDonald, Heidi (October 16, 2009). 3978:MacDonald, Heidi (November 1, 2006). 3735: 3651: 3645: 3623: 3588: 3572: 3495:"San Diego Comic-Con: By The Numbers" 3470:Siegel, Howard P. "Made in America," 3461: 3264:(TwoMorrows Publishing, 2006), p. 99. 3239: 3046:DezSkinn.com. Accessed March 3, 2013. 3022: 2995: 2752:Siegel, Howard P. "Made in America," 2746: 2225:International Comics Show of Erlangen 1479:Massachusetts Independent Comics Expo 911:. Guests included such U.K. stars as 680:, in San Diego. Official guests were 541:. Organized by Larry Herndon (of the 306:1965: The first recurring conventions 75:, which began during the late 1930s. 4417:Ridgely, Charlie (August 10, 2021). 4398:MacDonald, Heidi (August 10, 2021). 4357:. Washington, D.C. December 31, 2018 4307:MacDonald, Heidi (August 13, 2013). 4147: 4111:CBR News Team, ed. (July 16, 2009). 3996: 3629:"Will Eisner: Chairman of the Board" 3492: 3171: 3169: 3019:vol. 3, No. 25 (June 2003), pp. 5–8. 2791: 1705: 1676:adding citations to reliable sources 1647: 1443:(CXC), Columbus, Ohio (2015–present) 1227:Wizard dominates the 2010s; con wars 1016:Wonderful World of Comics Convention 900:Fantasy Fair went defunct in 1995.) 864:' 25th anniversary; guests included 3771: 3177:"The History of Comic Conventions," 2829:"The Coolest Costumes of Comic-Con" 2626:United Kingdom Comic Art Convention 2598:United Kingdom Comic Art Convention 2551:Philadelphia Comic Book Spectacular 1898: 1873:is generally considered essential. 1142:spectacle. As frequent participant 905:United Kingdom Comic Art Convention 533:Meanwhile, also in 1966, the first 280: 204:was vital for the formation of the 117:, which ran from 1965 to 1978, and 13: 4540:Anthropomorphic Arts and Education 4475:"'Star Trek' Bit Players Cling On" 4473:Reitman, Valerie (April 8, 2005). 4445:Salkowitz, Rob (August 10, 2021). 4020:MacDonald, Heidi (April 8, 2009). 3262:The Alter Ego Collection, Volume 1 3240:White, Wallace (August 13, 1965). 2091:Grand Prix de la ville d'Angoulême 1804: 1568:(est. 2000 in Baltimore, Maryland) 1198:University of California, Berkeley 1066:; and there were 1,400 attendees. 183:(first held in 1965) and France's 14: 5670: 4820: 4177:MacDonald, Heidi (May 18, 2010). 4056:"Wizard CEO buys Toronto Comicon" 3997:Kwan, Steven (November 3, 2010). 3669:Isaacs, Deanna (April 15, 2010). 3348:Helioscope PDX (March 27, 2021). 3306:RBCC Rocket's Blast Comicollector 3166: 2561: 2407: 2020: 1955: 1555:San Diego Comic Con International 1457:Brooklyn Comics and Graphics Fest 1402:Comics festivals and "indy shows" 1135:Jacob K. Javits Convention Center 831:publisher Thomas Skulan produced 4826: 4724: 4697: 4054:Armitage, Hugh (June 25, 2009). 3956:Diamond Comic Distributors, Inc. 3704:The Vault of Mindless Fellowship 2855:"Invasion of the comic fanatics" 2827:David M. Ewalt (July 25, 2011). 2412: 1710: 1652: 1022:, the convention was founded by 558:") and Dallas ("D-Con"), adding 397:Salone Internazionale del Comics 4794:500 Manga Heroes & Villains 4732:"Comic Buyers Guide Fan Awards" 4600: 4577: 4560:University of California, Davis 4552: 4523: 4493: 4438: 4369: 4343: 4279: 4260: 4234: 4189: 4148:Pate, Brian (January 7, 2010). 4141: 4123: 4104: 4086: 4068: 4047: 4013: 3999:"Third annual Tucson Comic Con" 3990: 3971: 3943: 3922: 3904: 3887: 3871: 3858: 3827: 3814: 3811:No. 122 (June 1988), pp. 26–27. 3794:"Comic Book Conventions 1986," 3788: 3709: 3696: 3683: 3617: 3560: 3529: 3517: 3486: 3477: 3360: 3341: 3328: 3299: 3254: 3233: 3221: 3212: 3187: 3109: 3096: 2964: 2891:. July 21, 2011. Archived from 2659:– Yellow Kid Awards (1970–2005) 2436:Comics Buyer's Guide Fan Awards 2037: 1854: 1663:needs additional citations for 1644:Anatomy of a typical convention 1489:Museum of Comic and Cartoon Art 1447:Chicago Alternative Comics Expo 1261:Paradise Comics Toronto Comicon 1056:Richard "Lord British" Garriott 1030:, co-owner of the retail chain 86:, which have been presented at 4667:Anthrocon 2006 convention book 4607:Lyman, Paige (July 25, 2020). 3736:Cooke, Jon B. (January 2002). 3637:. No. 267. Archived from 3580:"Permanent Damage: Issue #43," 2935: 2907: 2875: 2846: 2820: 2725:List of comic book conventions 1920: 1785:and map may also be included. 1518:, Portland, Oregon (2004–2013) 1512:, Austin, Texas (2005–present) 1184:. In 1992, Sim partnered with 648:The 1970s and explosive growth 515:" just as there were already " 1: 5311:Live action role-playing game 4783:Gabilliet, Jean-Paul (2010). 3594:Fratz, Doug. "TNJ Listings," 3396:Rouner, Jef (June 12, 2014). 2942:Peter Rowe (April 22, 2013). 2735: 1325:Comic-Con International runs 1069:In 1988, in commemoration of 67:than for most other types of 4846:Rocket's Blast Comicollector 4677:Anthrocon (March 29, 2006). 4641:Anthrocon (March 29, 2006). 4224:"Big Apple/Con Wars wrap-up" 3855:#185 (Mar. 1996), pp. 18–19. 3807:"Summer Comic Conventions," 3493:Hill, Kyle (July 21, 2014). 3442:Rocket's Blast Comicollector 3276:, p. 8, "Introduction". 3091:Comic Book Artist Collection 2853:Peter Rowe (July 16, 2009). 2692:British Comic Art Convention 2586:British Comic Art Convention 1978:Exhibits and fixed functions 1863: 1838:Professionals at conventions 1771: 1574:(est. 1996 in New York City) 886: 786:National Cartoonists Society 7: 4882: 4022:"Shamus buys Big Apple Con" 3929:Atchison, Lee (June 2002). 3693:No. 89 (Mar. 1984), p. 100. 3428:. No. 160. p. 69. 2914:Tom Blair (July 15, 2011). 2718: 2372:Toronto Comic Arts Festival 1912:in a scabbard or to hold a 1736:the claims made and adding 1536:(2019–present) produced by 1522:Toronto Comic Arts Festival 1441:Cartoon Crossroads Columbus 1320:Conventions as big business 1316:show occurring in October. 1075:Cleveland Convention Center 738:(held July 2–4 at the 530:II at the City Squire Inn. 73:science-fiction conventions 10: 5675: 5140:Celebrity worship syndrome 4767: 3824:(July 17, 1998), p. 8, 10. 3598:No. 28 (Aug. 1976), p. 39. 2050: 1933:Panel-led discussions, or 1876: 1622:Reasons for this include: 909:University of London Union 788:Jim Ivey; guests included 746:for his return to comics: 576:native and school teacher 273:held May 24, 1964, in the 195: 190: 18: 5600: 5507: 5346: 5232:Amateur press association 5222: 5122: 4984: 4928: 4897: 4890: 4242:"Wizard World Comic Cons" 3798:No. 2 (Nov. 1986), p. 18. 3738:"The Art of Arthur Adams" 3596:The New Nostalgia Journal 3042:February 1, 2012, at the 2700:London Film and Comic Con 2614:London Film and Comic Con 2594:Birmingham Comic Art Show 2360:Supanova Pop Culture Expo 2046: 1585:Organization and staffing 1455:(CAB) (formerly known as 1270:, Anaheim, Philadelphia, 1186:Great Eastern Conventions 1123:Great Eastern Conventions 1118:Great Eastern fills a gap 1073:'s 50th anniversary, the 5590:by date of establishment 4796:. Chrysalis Book Group. 4792:McCarthy, Helen (2006). 4679:"Anthrocon Registration" 4505:"Report from Pittsburgh" 2740: 2656:Lucca Comics & Games 2648: 2628:(UKCAC) (1997–1998) and 2483:(S.P.A.C.E.) (2001–2007) 2237:Lucca Comics & Games 1408:Lucca Comics & Games 1352: 393:Lucca Comics & Games 181:Lucca Comics & Games 19:Not to be confused with 4841:1960s Comic Conventions 4704:Rogow, Roberta (1991), 3868:#148 (Feb. 1992), p. 7. 3078:Duncan & Smith 2009 2948:San Diego Union Tribune 2921:San Diego Union Tribune 2859:San Diego Union Tribune 2704:Thought Bubble Festival 2642:Thought Bubble Festival 1602:– in the USA, some are 1493:Society of Illustrators 1475:creators and characters 1333:, and formerly ran the 319:Detroit Triple Fan Fair 286:Tri-State Con included 251:Don and Maggie Thompson 115:Detroit Triple Fan Fair 5575:Professional wrestling 5306:Historical reenactment 4998:A Song of Ice and Fire 4959:Disneyland social club 4936:Anime and manga fandom 4915:Science fiction fandom 4811:Schelly, Bill (2010). 4564:"Furry Survey Results" 4117:comicbookresources.com 3837:(Jan 21, 1995), p. 23. 3722:March 4, 2016, at the 3199:Sky HISTORY TV channel 2621:National Comics Awards 2230:Max & Moritz Prize 2030: 2004:collectible card games 1930: 1491:; now produced by the 1435:Alternative Press Expo 1373:professional wrestlers 1335:Alternative Press Expo 1217:Alternative Press Expo 1206:San Francisco Bay Area 857:Creation Entertainment 855:Beginning about 1980, 760: 725:Creation Entertainment 674:Golden State Comic-Con 616:at the Midland Hotel, 334:Broadway Central Hotel 172:(first held in 2014). 152:, and fantasy novels. 142:collectible card games 39: 35:'s 2017 convention in 4208:on February 20, 2010. 4003:Arizona Daily Wildcat 3959:(Press release). 2004 3748:TwoMorrows Publishing 3539:(Jan. 1971), pp. 4–7. 3338:No. 11 (1974), p. 55. 2600:(UKCAC) (1987–1990), 2532:(2008–2009), and the 2201:Forest City Comic Con 2053:List of comics awards 2028: 1928: 1516:Stumptown Comics Fest 748: 668:On August 1–3, 1970, 501:Comics Code Authority 316:multigenre convention 44:comic book convention 31: 5361:Autograph collecting 4544:Midwest Furry Fandom 4384:. Publishers Weekly. 4291:Comic Book Resources 4100:on January 27, 2010. 4080:Comic Book Resources 4009:on November 7, 2010. 3822:Comics Buyer's Guide 3783:Comic Book Resources 3614:(November 26, 1977). 3583:Comic Book Resources 3537:Comic Fandom Monthly 3445:. No. 45. 1966. 3244:. Talk of the Town. 2895:on December 24, 2011 2814:The Riverfront Times 2696:MCM Comic Con London 2637:British Comic Awards 2555:Wizard World Chicago 2534:Long Beach Comic Con 2469:Comic Art Convention 2464:Comic Fan Art Awards 2453:Motor City Comic Con 2429:Comic Art Convention 2316:(1988, 1991–present) 1672:improve this article 1634:discretionary income 1551:Wizard Entertainment 1314:Wizard World Chicago 1257:Big Apple Convention 1232:Wizard Entertainment 1131:Creation Conventions 1127:Comic Art Convention 740:Statler Hilton Hotel 736:Comic Art Convention 729:Statler Hilton Hotel 598:Comic Art Convention 586:Statler Hilton Hotel 505:Golden Age of Comics 415:Expansion and growth 170:Comic Con Experience 5489:Real person fiction 5321:Harley Owners Group 4985:Production-specific 4685:on January 12, 2007 4649:on February 7, 2016 4248:on January 27, 2016 3931:"Wizard World East" 3766:The Washington Post 3230:(November 4, 1965). 3119:No. 53 (Oct. 2005). 2640:– presented at the 2608:(2004, 2006–2008), 2523:San Diego Comic-Con 2476:Howard E. Day Prize 2288:San Diego Comic-Con 2182:Glyph Comics Awards 2165:Dallas Fantasy Fair 2134:Gran Premi del Saló 2107:Baltimore Comic-Con 2075:Baltimore Comic-Con 2071:San Diego Comic-Con 1843:business meetings. 1614:Timing and duration 1572:Big Apple Comic Con 1566:Baltimore Comic-Con 1545:"Comics-only" shows 1453:Comic Arts Brooklyn 1327:San Diego Comic-Con 1155:Big Apple Comic Con 897:Dallas Fantasy Fair 895:and the multigenre 839:convention center, 829:FantaCo Enterprises 709:Creation Convention 702:San Diego Comic-Con 682:Forrest J. Ackerman 547:Star Studded Comics 300:George R. R. Martin 261:. Comics historian 240:No. 4 (Oct. 1962). 156:San Diego Comic-Con 90:since 1988; or the 88:San Diego Comic-Con 5654:Comics conventions 5649:1964 introductions 5628:Shipping discourse 4843:from the pages of 4758:The Comics Journal 4613:The New York Times 4511:on August 12, 2007 4329:(April 19, 2016). 4137:. October 4, 2012. 4041:The Comics Journal 3897:The Comics Journal 3877:MacDonald, Heidi. 3866:The Comics Journal 3853:The Comics Journal 3809:The Comics Journal 3691:The Comics Journal 3641:on March 20, 2011. 3634:The Comics Journal 3612:The New York Times 3607:Cummings, Judith. 3553:Beerbohm, Robert. 3418:(September 2019). 3325:, p. 250–251. 2448:Don Thompson Award 2389:Joe Shuster Awards 2302:Russ Manning Award 2264:Pittsburgh Comicon 2206:Joe Shuster Awards 2158:Kalpana Lok Awards 2031: 2008:role-playing games 1931: 1721:possibly contains 1608:recreational clubs 1559:New York Comic Con 1416:alternative comics 1343:New York Comic Con 1284:New York Comic Con 1139:New York Comic Con 1062:, and Toastmaster 841:Empire State Plaza 814:underground comics 513:underground comics 421:New York Comic Con 271:unnamed convention 123:convention centers 40: 33:Phoenix Fan Fusion 5636: 5635: 5356:Anime music video 5118: 5117: 4803:978-0-7641-3201-8 4479:Los Angeles Times 4202:Publishers Weekly 3743:Comic Book Artist 2888:The Baltimore Sun 2785:History Channel, 2706:(est. 2007), and 2702:(est. 2004), the 2698:(est. 2002), the 2632:(1999, 2001–2003) 2612:(2010–2012), and 2590:London Comic Mart 2569:Ally Sloper Award 2542:Wizard Fan Awards 2497:) – presented at 2493:presented at the 2384:Toronto Comic Con 2377:Doug Wright Award 2320:Bill Finger Award 2213:Heroes Convention 2194:Prix Bédéis Causa 2153:Comics Fest India 1766: 1765: 1758: 1723:original research 1704: 1703: 1696: 1596:tax-exempt status 1578:Heroes Convention 1312:, with the final 1301:COVID-19 pandemic 1202:underground comix 1151:New York Coliseum 1034:. The multigenre 893:Heroes Convention 517:underground films 473:Rocke Mastroserio 407:in the center of 374:Carmine Infantino 200:In 1961 or 1962, 125:in major cities. 5666: 4895: 4894: 4877: 4870: 4863: 4854: 4853: 4830: 4816: 4807: 4788: 4779: 4762: 4761: 4753: 4747: 4746: 4744: 4742: 4728: 4722: 4720: 4701: 4695: 4694: 4692: 4690: 4681:. Archived from 4674: 4668: 4665: 4659: 4658: 4656: 4654: 4645:. Archived from 4638: 4632: 4631: 4629: 4627: 4604: 4598: 4597: 4595: 4593: 4581: 4575: 4574: 4572: 4570: 4556: 4550: 4527: 4521: 4520: 4518: 4516: 4507:. Archived from 4503:(July 8, 2007). 4497: 4491: 4490: 4488: 4486: 4470: 4464: 4463: 4461: 4459: 4442: 4436: 4435: 4433: 4431: 4414: 4408: 4407: 4395: 4386: 4385: 4373: 4367: 4366: 4364: 4362: 4347: 4341: 4340: 4323: 4317: 4316: 4304: 4295: 4294: 4293:. July 22, 2005. 4283: 4277: 4276: 4264: 4258: 4257: 4255: 4253: 4244:. Archived from 4238: 4232: 4231: 4219: 4210: 4209: 4204:. Archived from 4193: 4187: 4186: 4174: 4165: 4164: 4162: 4160: 4154:Convention Scene 4145: 4139: 4138: 4127: 4121: 4120: 4119:(Press release). 4108: 4102: 4101: 4090: 4084: 4083: 4082:. June 24, 2009. 4072: 4066: 4065: 4051: 4045: 4044: 4036: 4030: 4029: 4017: 4011: 4010: 4005:. Archived from 3994: 3988: 3987: 3975: 3969: 3968: 3966: 3964: 3947: 3941: 3940: 3926: 3920: 3919: 3908: 3902: 3901: 3891: 3885: 3875: 3869: 3862: 3856: 3849: 3838: 3835:The Boston Globe 3831: 3825: 3818: 3812: 3805: 3799: 3792: 3786: 3777:Thomas, Michael 3775: 3769: 3768:(June 29, 1981). 3762: 3756: 3755: 3733: 3727: 3713: 3707: 3700: 3694: 3687: 3681: 3680: 3666: 3660: 3659: 3649: 3643: 3642: 3621: 3615: 3605: 3599: 3592: 3586: 3585:(July 10, 2002). 3576: 3570: 3564: 3558: 3551: 3540: 3533: 3527: 3521: 3515: 3514: 3512: 3510: 3505:on June 26, 2015 3501:. Archived from 3490: 3484: 3481: 3475: 3474:#17 (Feb. 1978). 3468: 3459: 3453: 3447: 3446: 3436: 3430: 3429: 3412: 3406: 3405: 3393: 3387: 3381: 3375: 3374: 3364: 3358: 3357: 3345: 3339: 3332: 3326: 3320: 3309: 3303: 3297: 3296:#64 (Jan. 2007). 3290: 3277: 3271: 3265: 3258: 3252: 3251: 3237: 3231: 3225: 3219: 3216: 3210: 3209: 3207: 3205: 3191: 3185: 3184:(June 17, 2009). 3173: 3164: 3158: 3149: 3143: 3132: 3126: 3120: 3113: 3107: 3100: 3094: 3087: 3081: 3075: 3062: 3056: 3047: 3033: 3020: 3008: 2993: 2987: 2981: 2980: 2979:(in Portuguese). 2968: 2962: 2961: 2956: 2954: 2939: 2933: 2932: 2930: 2928: 2911: 2905: 2904: 2902: 2900: 2879: 2873: 2872: 2867: 2865: 2850: 2844: 2843: 2841: 2839: 2824: 2818: 2817:(April 3, 2014). 2808:Babka, Allison. 2806: 2789: 2783: 2774: 2768: 2759: 2750: 2495:Small Press Expo 2427:(1965–1967) and 2336:Small Press Expo 1899:Weapons policies 1761: 1754: 1750: 1747: 1741: 1738:inline citations 1714: 1713: 1706: 1699: 1692: 1688: 1685: 1679: 1656: 1648: 1504:Small Press Expo 1339:Reed Exhibitions 1280:Reed Exhibitions 1255:convention, the 1221:Small Press Expo 1040:Michael Moorcock 1032:Comics and Comix 917:Bill Sienkiewicz 827:In August 1979, 771:Fan Expo Chicago 717:New Yorker Hotel 678:U.S. Grant Hotel 610:Independence Day 281:New York Comicon 269:In addition, an 37:Phoenix, Arizona 5674: 5673: 5669: 5668: 5667: 5665: 5664: 5663: 5639: 5638: 5637: 5632: 5596: 5580:Science fiction 5503: 5425:Fan translation 5348: 5342: 5316:Motorcycle club 5274:Supercar Season 5224: 5218: 5114: 5068:Sherlock Holmes 4980: 4929:Medium-specific 4924: 4886: 4881: 4823: 4804: 4770: 4765: 4755: 4754: 4750: 4740: 4738: 4730: 4729: 4725: 4718: 4702: 4698: 4688: 4686: 4675: 4671: 4666: 4662: 4652: 4650: 4639: 4635: 4625: 4623: 4605: 4601: 4591: 4589: 4582: 4578: 4568: 4566: 4557: 4553: 4528: 4524: 4514: 4512: 4498: 4494: 4484: 4482: 4471: 4467: 4457: 4455: 4443: 4439: 4429: 4427: 4415: 4411: 4396: 4389: 4374: 4370: 4360: 4358: 4349: 4348: 4344: 4324: 4320: 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No. 54. 3359: 3340: 3327: 3323:Gabilliet 2010 3310: 3298: 3278: 3266: 3253: 3247:The New Yorker 3232: 3220: 3211: 3186: 3165: 3161:Gabilliet 2010 3150: 3133: 3131:, p. 131. 3121: 3108: 3095: 3082: 3080:, p. 183. 3063: 3061:, p. 265. 3059:Gabilliet 2010 3048: 3021: 2994: 2982: 2977:VEJA SÃO PAULO 2963: 2934: 2906: 2874: 2845: 2819: 2790: 2775: 2760: 2744: 2742: 2739: 2737: 2734: 2733: 2732: 2727: 2720: 2717: 2712: 2687: 2684: 2679: 2665: 2662: 2661: 2660: 2650: 2647: 2646: 2645: 2633: 2630:Comic Festival 2617: 2604:(2000, 2002), 2602:Comic Festival 2577: 2563: 2562:United Kingdom 2560: 2559: 2558: 2530:MoCCA Festival 2527: 2526: 2514: 2511:MoCCA Festival 2502: 2489:(not the same 2484: 2472: 2456: 2444: 2432: 2414: 2411: 2409: 2408:Defunct awards 2406: 2363:(Australia) – 2348:Strip Turnhout 2324: 2323: 2322:(2005–present) 2317: 2311: 2305: 2304:(1982–present) 2299: 2298:(1974–present) 2260: 2259: 2256: 2245:MoCCA Festival 2218:Inkwell Awards 2125: 2124: 2123:(2017–present) 2118: 2103: 2102: 2079: 2051:Main article: 2048: 2045: 2039: 2036: 2022: 2021:Thematic Areas 2019: 1993:action figures 1979: 1976: 1974:of the hotel. 1957: 1956:Special events 1954: 1922: 1919: 1900: 1897: 1878: 1875: 1865: 1862: 1856: 1853: 1839: 1836: 1828:Bruce Campbell 1806: 1803: 1773: 1770: 1764: 1763: 1718: 1716: 1709: 1702: 1701: 1660: 1658: 1651: 1645: 1642: 1638: 1637: 1630: 1627: 1615: 1612: 1586: 1583: 1582: 1581: 1575: 1569: 1546: 1543: 1542: 1541: 1528: 1519: 1513: 1507: 1501: 1495: 1485:MoCCA Festival 1482: 1476: 1466: 1460: 1450: 1444: 1438: 1403: 1400: 1377:glamour models 1363: 1360: 1354: 1351: 1321: 1318: 1234:purchased the 1228: 1225: 1162: 1159: 1119: 1116: 937:Eddie Campbell 913:Steve Bissette 888: 885: 852: 849: 822:Frank Frazetta 769:(now known as 698:A. E. van Vogt 676:, held at the 663:Captain Marvel 649: 646: 644:, until 1981. 465:Klaus Nordling 457:Archie Goodwin 416: 413: 350:Mort Weisinger 307: 304: 282: 279: 245: 242: 197: 194: 192: 189: 52:fan convention 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5671: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5646: 5644: 5629: 5626: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5611: 5609: 5606: 5605: 5603: 5599: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5582: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5559: 5556: 5555: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5544: 5543: 5539: 5535: 5532: 5531: 5530: 5527: 5523: 5520: 5519: 5518: 5515: 5514: 5512: 5510: 5506: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5466: 5463: 5462: 5461: 5458: 5457: 5456: 5453: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5442: 5438: 5437: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5384: 5383: 5379: 5377: 5375: 5371: 5370: 5369: 5368: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5353: 5351: 5345: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 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