240:
143:
696:
2180:
43:
84:
1173:
were sent into all parts of the country to support the royal authority by checking the independent tendencies of the great tribal dukes. Apparent thereafter was the existence of a count palatine in Saxony, and of others in
Lorraine, in Bavaria and in Swabia, their duties being to administer the royal
1494:
1217:
in 1085, alone remaining independent until 1777. The office having become hereditary, Pfalzgrafen were in existence until the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. The palatinate of Saxony merged with the
Electoral Duchy of Saxony. The Palatinate of the Rhine became an electorate, and both
801:
Instead of remaining near the person of the king, some of the counts palatine were sent to various parts of his empire to act as judges and governors, the districts ruled by them being called palatinates. Being in a special sense the representatives of the sovereign, they were entrusted with more
805:
By the High Middle Ages, the title "count" had become increasingly common, to the point that both great magnates who ruled regions that were the size of duchies, and local castle-lords, might style themselves "count." As the great magnates began to centralize their power over their local
1160:
During the 11th century, some imperial palatine counts became a valuable political counterweight against the mighty duchies. Surviving old palatine counties were turned into new institutional pillars through which the imperial authority could be exercised. By the reigns of
1200:
dynasty were important commanders of the imperial army and were often employed during internal and external conflicts (e.g. to suppress rebelling counts or dukes, to settle frontier disputes with the
Hungarian and the French kingdom and to lead imperial campaigns).
806:
castle-lords, they felt the need to assert the difference between themselves and these minor "counts". Therefore, several of these great magnates began styling themselves "Count palatine", signifying great counts ruling regions equivalent to duchies, such as the
802:
extended power than the ordinary counts. In this way came about the later and more general use of the word "palatine", its application as an adjective to persons entrusted with special powers—but also to the districts over which these powers were exercised.
2099:
The Order was granted to "those in the pontifical government, artists, and others, whom the pope should think deserving of reward. It is likewise given to strangers, no other condition being required, but that of professing the catholic religion."
1499:
In 1085, after the death of Herman II, the County
Palatine of Lotharingia lost its military importance in Lorraine. The territorial authority of the Count Palatine was reduced to his territories along the Rhine. Consequently, he is called the
848:
with them, as there was no longer a local Prince to rule on behalf of the King to whom all these princely titles returned. The
Principalities are thus made Voivodships (sometimes translated as Palatinates). In the
794:, writing about the same time, testified to the extent to which the judicial work of the Frankish Empire had passed into their hands, and one grant of power was followed by another. (See the twelve legendary
1394:(d. 1248), son of Rapoto II, Count Palatine of Bavaria from 1231 until his death. He was the last Count Palatine; after his death the Duke of Bavaria assumed the rights and possessions of the Counts Palatine.
1204:
Although a palatinate could belong for decades to one dynasty, the office of the palatine counts became hereditary only during the 12th century. During the 11th century the palatinates were still regarded as
2058:. If an imperial count palatine possessed both an imperial and the papal appointment, he bore the title of "Comes palatine imperiali Papali et auctoritate" (Count palatine by Imperial and Papal authority).
1770:(1257 – 16 November 1323), son of Albert II, Count Palatine of Saxony from 1280 to before 1291, Margrave of Meissen before 1291 until his death, Landgrave of Thuringia from 1298 until his death
1640:
1117:
In the empire, the word count palatine was also used to designate the officials who assisted the emperor in exercising the rights which were reserved for his personal consideration, like granting
1805:
1663:
1650:
1634:
1611:
1391:
1287:
1586:
1385:
1268:
1245:
1369:
1312:
1293:
1259:
2226:Међу њима је највиши углед уживао велики челник (Xребељан, Радич Поступовић и др.). Неки од њих су временом стекли велике области, имања и почасти. Занимљив је и жив пример челника Радича
1857:
1569:
1555:
1274:
602:
1299:
744:, who at first assisted the king in his judicial duties and at a later date discharged many of these himself. Other counts palatine were employed on military and administrative work.
1722:(1204 – 16 February 1247), son of Herman I, Landgrave of Thuringia from 1227 until his death, Count Palatine of Saxony from 1231 until his death, anti-king of Germany opposing
1038:, one of his most loyal supporters in the struggle against the Robertians, the title of Count palatine. The title was later inherited by his nephews, precursors of the Counts of
1833:
1325:
2281:"Bartolini also received the Knighthood of the Golden Spur, a title that sometimes accompanied the office of count palatinate in the Renaissance" Grendler 2004:184 note 134.
811:
1761:(1240 – 20 November 1314), son of Henry III, Count Palatine of Saxony and Landgrave of Thuringia from 1265 until his death, Margrave of Meissen from 1288 to 1292
2321:
1979:
595:
1410:
1441:(d. 1034), son of Herman I, Count in the Auelgau and the Bonngau, Count Palatine of Lotharingia from 1020, married Mathilda of Saxony, the daughter of Emperor
2073:(1533), who had painted an equestrian portrait of Charles. Close on the heels of the Emperor's death in 1558, its refounding in Papal hands is attributed to
1789:(August 1267 – 7 September 1322), Count Palatine of Saxony from before 1291 until his death, Prince of Brunswick-Grubenhagen from 1291 until his death
588:
2025:
2005:
in the 16th century. This title was merely honorary and by the 18th century had come to be conferred so widely as to be nearly without consequence.
1366:– 1183), Count Palatine of Bavaria from 1156 to 1180. He became Duke of Bavaria in 1180 as Otto I; his descendants ruled the Duchy until 1918.
1676:
from 1124 to 1130 (deposed), Count
Palatine of Saxony from 1129 to 1130, married in 1148 to Liutgard of Stade, who had divorced Frederick VI in 1144
2096:
remarked "The Order they call the Golden Spur was so disparaged that people irritated me greatly when they asked me the details of my cross;"
1752:– 15 February 1288), Margrave of Meissen from 1227 until his death, Count Palatine of Saxony and Landgrave of Thuringia from 1247 1265
1716:(28 October 1200 – 11 September 1227), son of Herman I, Count Palatine of Saxony and Landgrave of Thuringia from 1217 until his death
1141:
have been used as part of the full title of the Dukes of
Burgundy (a branch of the French royal dynasty) to render their rare German title
641:), was originally an official attached to a royal or imperial palace or household and later a nobleman of a rank above that of an ordinary
2119:
1213:
of this land, the lower comital title being then merged into the higher ducal one. The Count
Palatine of Lotharingia changed his name to
2201:
2192:
1939:
Gottfried II (d. 1369) sold the County
Palatine of Tübingen to the Württemberg dynasty, went on to found the Tübingen-Lichteneck lineage
935:
always remained reserved for continental territories, even though the equivalence of earl became clear by rendering it in Latin also as
1710:), younger brother of Louis III, Count Palatine of Saxony from 1181 until his death, Landgrave of Thuringia from 1190 until his death
1463:
1341:– 1156), probably a descendant of Arnulf II, Count Palatine of Bavaria from 1120 until his death. He moved his residence from
2344:"L'ordre qu'on appelle de l'Éperon d'Or était si décrié qu'on m'ennuyait beaucoup quand on demandait des nouvelles de ma croix." (
1450:(d. 1047), son of Ezzo, Count Palatine of Lotharingia from 1035 to 1045, then Duke of Swabia as Otto II from 1045 until his death
1432:
1193:, who had become dangerously powerful feudal princes, loyal supporters of the German Emperor were installed as counts palatine.
1786:
1477:
The County
Palatine of Lotharingia was suspended by the Emperor. Adelaide of Weimar-Orlamünde, Herman II's widow, remarried to
1453:
2247:
1660:
Frederick V (d. 18 October 1120 or 1121), grandson of Frederick I, Count of Sommerschenburg, Count Palatine of Saxony in 1111
961:
1375:
1719:
1438:
1356:
1614:(d. 1042), a younger son of Burchard I, was Count of Goseck and in the Hassegau and was Count Palatine of Saxony in 1040
1042:. The title of Count of the palace is therefore linked to the title of Count of Champagne until its extiction in 1305.
850:
1871:
1435:(d. before 996), Count Palatine of Lotharingia and Count in the Bonngau, the Eiffelgau, the Zülpichgau and the Auelgau
755:
consisted of a number of men with the title of count who managed the various departments of the royal household. The
2021:
1686:
1682:
885:
204:
186:
164:
124:
70:
157:
1764:
1723:
1713:
1696:
1466:(1049–1085), son of Henry I, Count Palatine of Lotharingia from 1061 to 1085 (until 1064 under the guardianship of
823:
2430:
1955:
229:
56:
17:
1755:
1742:
1669:
1467:
1899:
1887:
1262:(d. 999), son of Arnulf II, Count Palatine of Bavaria between 954 and 976 with interruptions, ancestor of the
1238:, rather than to the king. The position gave its holder a leading position in the legal system of the Duchy.
2129:
2086:
2066:
1734:
After Henry Raspe's death, the County Palatine of Saxony and the Landgraviate of Thuringia were given to the
1331:
2069:; the text of surviving diplomas conferred hereditary nobility to the recipients. Among the recipients was
2152:
1867:– shortly before summer 1094), son-in-law of Frederick II, Count Palatine of Swabia from 1070 to 1094
1617:
1209:, non-hereditary fiefs. The count palatine in Bavaria, an office held by the family of Wittelsbach, became
830:
was next in rank to the King. As he is also the chief commander of the King's army the rank is merged with
2370:
1666:(d. 19 May 1162), son of Frederick V, Count of Sommerschenburg, Count Palatine of Saxony from 1123 to 1124
1114:
throughout the early Empire, and the emperor would travel between them, as there was no imperial capital.
857:
sit in the Senate. Throughout its history, the dignity remained non-hereditary, or semi-hereditary. Today
1501:
1482:
1442:
1214:
2061:
The Order of the Golden Spur, linked with the title of count palatinate, was widely conferred after the
1685:(d. 1190), Landgrave of Thuringia from 1172 until his death, appointed Count Palatine of Saxony on the
1528:
986:
31:
2268:
2114:
1532:
1378:(d. 1209), son of Otto VII, Count Palatine of Bavaria from 1189 to 1208, infamous for murdering King
1235:
700:
1679:
Adalbert (d. 1179), son of Frederick VI, Count Palatine of Sommerschenburg from 1162 until his death
2410:
2009:
905:
151:
102:
2092:
By the mid-18th century the Order of the Golden Spur was being so indiscriminately bestowed that
2051:
1959:
1949:
1447:
1249:
1051:
844:. When some of these Principalities were reunited into the Kingdom of Poland, the Palatines were
837:
1876:
Louis of Westheim, probably a son of his predecessor, Count Palatine of Swabia from 1103 to 1112
1404:
1379:
168:
2240:
La Préhistoire des Capétiens (Nouvelle histoire généalogique de l'auguste maison de France, 1)
2415:
2405:
2029:
1882:
Adalbert of Lauterburg, son of Manegold the Elder, Count Palatine of Swabia from 1125 to 1146
1870:
Louis of Staufen, son of Frederick I, Count Palatine of Swabia from 1094 to 1103, founder of
2185:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
1820:
1879:
Manegold the Younger, son of Manegold the Elder, Count Palatine of Swabia from 1112 to 1125
1775:
1727:
1516:
1495:
List of Counts Palatine of Lotharingia / Counts Palatine of the Rhine / Electors Palatinate
1388:(d. 1231), brother-in-law of Otto VIII, Count Palatine of Bavaria from 1208 until his death
1350:
1035:
760:
658:
529:
1328:(d. 1122), nephew of both of Aribo II's wives, Count Palatine of Bavaria from 1099 to 1120
8:
2425:
2062:
1673:
1508:
1039:
917:
807:
783:
772:
106:
94:
62:
2050:("Counts of the Lateran court") in 1514 and bestowed upon them the rights similar to an
239:
2013:
1103:
779:, who was in charge of the patrimonial or private real estate of the king, and others.
748:
646:
1372:(d. 1189), younger son of Otto IV, Count Palatine of Bavaria from 1180 until his death
695:
2243:
2033:
1963:
1924:) co-ruler with Rudolf I and Rudolf II, went on to found the Montfort-Bregenz lineage
1808:(d. 21 January 917), probably a son of Erchanger I, was Count Palatine of Swabia and
1263:
901:
654:
576:
221:
1580:
2093:
1809:
1471:
1346:
1182:
1162:
1031:
1009:
877:
865:
711:
This Latin title is the original, but is also pre-feudal: it originated as a Roman
488:
352:
1154:
2420:
1735:
1190:
1186:
1107:
1070:
944:
635:
545:
254:
896:
2109:
1813:
1547:, later by the Counts of Sommerschenburg, and still later by the Landgraves of
1512:
1478:
1407:(915 – before 922), Count Palatine of Lotharingia and Count in the Bidgau
1342:
1253:
1219:
1166:
928:
908:(fl. 1413–1441) was one of the most powerful ones. Hungary in the Middle Ages:
873:
869:
379:
340:
1631:
on 5 May 1056), son of Frederick I, Count Palatine of Saxony from 1042 to 1044
2399:
2375:
2263:
2205:. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 595–596.
2196:
2186:
1779:
1536:
1284:, son-in-law of Hartwig I, Count Palatine of Bavaria from 985 until his death
571:
307:
302:
297:
1420:– after 949), Count Palatine of Lotharingia and Count in the Jülichgau
2151:"palatine, adj.1 and n.1". OED Online. June 2019. Oxford University Press.
2078:
2074:
2055:
1851:
1802:
Erchanger I, also known as Berchtold I, Count Palatine of Swabia in 880/892
1654:
1637:(d. 27 May 1088), younger brother of Dedo, Count Palatine of Saxony in 1056
1572:(d. 995), probably a son of Adalbero, was Count Palatine of Saxony from 992
1118:
1003:
400:
364:
312:
287:
282:
2124:
2044:
2017:
1980:
Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See § Titles and honours
1644:
1296:(d. 1102), son of Hartwig II, Count Palatine of Bavaria from 1026 to 1055
1178:
1055:
904:, and the title-holders held great provinces, property, and honours, and
737:
728:
After the fall of Rome, a new feudal type of title, also known simply as
717:, which was a non-hereditary court title of high rank, the specific part
650:
2215:
Babinger 1992, p. 147: " the "Grand Celnik" (a sort of Count palatine) "
2153:
https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/136245?redirectedFrom=count+palatine&
2305:
The British Herald; or, Cabinet of armorial bearings of the nobility...
1830:– shortly after 1053), Count Palatine of Swabia from 1027 to 1053
1690:
1457:
1231:
845:
787:
319:
2001:"Count of the Sacred Palace of Lateran") began to be conferred by the
1290:(d. 1027), son of Aribo I, Count Palatine of Bavaria from 1020 to 1026
2380:
2089:
the right to use the title of Count of the Sacred Palace of Lateran.
1598:
1559:
1548:
1540:
1539:
area of southern Saxony. The honour was initially held by a Count of
900:(велики челник). The Grand Čelnik was the highest court title of the
889:
566:
462:
457:
447:
431:
266:
1628:
1145:, which was the style of a (later lost) bordering principality, the
683:
1594:
1425:
1197:
1146:
1142:
980:
550:
493:
472:
452:
442:
395:
390:
347:
324:
2311:"Golden Spur, in Rome" and plate 4 (fig. 21) and 5 (figs 3 and 7).
1608:
Siegfried (d. 25 April 1038), was Count Palatine of Saxony in 1028
1576:
1563:
1230:
Originally, the Counts Palatine held the County Palatine (around
943:
was the exclusively British title for the incumbent of a British
832:
795:
791:
561:
524:
519:
410:
249:
1966:). The Counts of Burgundy had the title of Free Count (German:
664:
The office, jurisdiction or territory of a count palatine was a
2242:. Villeneuve-d'Ascq: Ed. Patrick van Kerrebrouck. p. 229.
2070:
2054:. In some cases the title was conferred by specially empowered
1621:
1590:
1544:
1099:
733:
540:
514:
498:
467:
369:
335:
950:
836:, with the latter replacing the title of Palatine. During the
2040:
1707:
1470:), also Count in the Ruhrgau and the Zülpichgau and Count of
812:
Royal Administration of Merovingian and Carolingian Dynasties
713:
642:
620:
503:
483:
421:
1481:. About 1087 he was assigned in the newly created office of
1271:(d. 985), Count Palatine of Bavaria from 977 until his death
653:
especially and into modern times, it is associated with the
2002:
1602:
1210:
1080:
1075:
771:
directed the equerries in charge of the stables, etc. The
426:
374:
359:
277:
261:
1098:
Counts Palatine were the permanent representatives of the
2032:, a count palatinate in 1469, entitled in turn to confer
1693:
on 13 April 1180, abdicated in favour of Herman I in 1181
1575:
Frederick (d. July 1002 or 15 March 1003), Count in the
740:
dynasty (reigned 480–750) employed a high official, the
1597:
from 991, Count Palatine of Saxony from 1003, Count of
1511:
made the Count Palatine of the Rhine one of the seven
1121:. They were called Imperial counts palatine (in Latin
1962:(not to be confused with its western neighbour, the
1543:, then from the early 11th century by the Counts of
775:
also maintained palatine counts with titles such as
1854:
dynasty, Count Palatine of Swabia from 1053 to 1069
1738:, based on a promise made by Emperor Frederick II:
993:; d. before 764), grandson of Chrodobertus II, was
1672:(murdered on 30 January 1152), Count of Formbach,
876:also claimed the right to bestow the office. Thus
1460:, Count Palatine of Lotharingia from 1045 to 1060
1398:
684:Importance of a count palatine in medieval Europe
2397:
30:"Pfalzgraf" redirects here. For other uses, see
2322:"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pontifical Decorations"
1657:), son of Frederick III, Count Palatine in 1114
1589:(d. after 3 November 1017), the first count of
1488:
1110:of the crown. There were dozens of these royal
1025:
973:Grimbert, probably son of Chrodobertus II, was
1943:
1893:
1583:, was Count Palatine of Saxony from 995 to 996
1970:), but are sometimes called Counts Palatine.
1850:), father of Frederick I and ancestor of the
1242:Meginhard I, Count Palatine of Bavaria in 883
1225:
1091:. The German title has also been rendered as
596:
2012:began to be associated with the inheritable
1796:
1522:
105:. There might be a discussion about this on
2120:County palatine of Cephalonia and Zakynthos
2016:in the form of count palatinate during the
1624:, probably Count Palatine of Saxony in 1042
1013:
994:
974:
965:
951:Merovingian and Carolingian Counts palatine
71:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1778:gave the County Palatine of Saxony to the
1315:(d. 1099), Count Palatine of Bavaria from
888:in 1469 and later again in 1481 by Sultan
603:
589:
2237:
2043:designated all of the secretaries of the
1908:Frederick (d. 1162) co-ruler with Hugo II
786:sovereigns (reigned 751–987). A Frankish
205:Learn how and when to remove this message
187:Learn how and when to remove this message
125:Learn how and when to remove this message
2173:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2161:
1984:
1647:on 5 February 1087), son of Frederick II
694:
150:This article includes a list of general
2190:
14:
2398:
2381:Titles of counts palatine of the Rhine
2256:
1593:to hold the title, was a count in the
1196:The Lotharingian palatines out of the
1153:in German), which came to be known as
1079:being the German term for "count" or "
2376:Titles of counts palatine of Burgundy
2290:C Hope, "Titian as a Court Painter",
2158:
2147:
2145:
1566:, Count Palatine of Saxony from 972,
1045:
232:gentry and chivalric ranks in Europe
136:
77:
36:
24:
2142:
1886:After 1146, the title went to the
688:
156:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
2442:
2389:(has a map of known Pfalz sites)
2191:Holland, Arthur William (1911). "
1456:(d. 1061), son of Ezzo's brother
1087:being the German reflex of Latin
817:
782:The system was maintained by the
721:being the adjective derived from
52:This article has multiple issues.
2178:
2028:, professor of civil law at the
1999:Comes sacri Lateranensis palatii
1515:. He was therefore known as the
707:("count palatine of the Rhine").
380:Prince-elector, Princess-elector
238:
141:
82:
41:
2387:Großer Atlas zur Weltgeschichte
2351:
2338:
2314:
1234:), and were subordinate to the
840:each Prince would have his own
810:in the 13th century. See also
60:or discuss these issues on the
2297:
2284:
2275:
2231:
2218:
2209:
2083:In Supremo Militantis Ecclesiæ
1468:Anno II, Archbishop of Cologne
1399:Counts Palatine of Lotharingia
851:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
767:directed the cup-bearers, the
645:. The title originated in the
13:
1:
2238:Settipani, Christian (1993).
2135:
2087:Knights of the Holy Sepulchre
2067:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
1918:
1861:
1844:
1837:
1824:
1812:and from 915 until his death
1746:
1700:
1414:
1360:
1335:
1316:
1303:
1278:
955:
1872:St. Faith's Church, Sélestat
1558:(d. 982) was a Count in the
1489:Counts Palatine of the Rhine
1309:), Count Palatine of Bavaria
1095:in English (recorded 1548).
1026:Counts Palatine of Champagne
808:Counts Palatine of Champagne
792:Hincmar, archbishop of Reims
680:are rare alternative terms.
365:Crown prince, Crown princess
7:
2103:
1973:
1944:Counts Palatine of Burgundy
1900:County Palatine of Tübingen
1894:Counts Palatine of Tübingen
1888:Counts Palatine of Tübingen
1653:(d. 1125 in Dingelstedt am
1502:Count Palatine of the Rhine
1483:Count Palatine of the Rhine
1215:Count Palatine of the Rhine
10:
2447:
2364:
2048:Comites aulae Lateranensis
1977:
1947:
1897:
1492:
1226:Counts Palatine of Bavaria
1174:estates in these duchies.
1049:
861:are government officials.
732:, started developing. The
32:Pfalzgraf (disambiguation)
29:
2269:The Catholic Encyclopedia
2224:Trifunović 1979, p. 61: "
2155:(accessed July 31, 2019).
2130:Count palatine of Hungary
2115:Count Palatine (Imperial)
1995:Comes palatinus lateranus
1797:Counts Palatine of Swabia
1706:– 25 April 1215 in
1533:County Palatine of Saxony
1523:Counts Palatine of Saxony
1123:comites palatini caesarii
1073:equivalent of the title,
701:Albert I, Duke of Bavaria
320:Grand duke, Grand duchess
2010:Order of the Golden Spur
1627:Dedo (fell in battle in
1601:from 1004, and imperial
1527:In the 10th century the
1252:of Bavaria, constructed
2202:Encyclopædia Britannica
2085:, 1746) granted to the
2052:imperial count palatine
1960:Free County of Burgundy
1950:Free County of Burgundy
1133:). Both the Latin form
1052:Imperial count palatine
838:Fragmentation of Poland
672:. In England the forms
230:Imperial, royal, noble,
171:more precise citations.
2431:Nobles of the Holy See
2264:Pontifical Decorations
1967:
1248:(d. 954), son of Duke
1151:Freigrafschaft Burgund
1014:
995:
975:
966:
708:
567:Gentleman, Gentlewoman
2030:University of Perugia
2022:Emperor Frederick III
1985:Papal counts palatine
1978:Further information:
1936:Gottfried I (d. 1316)
1177:Next to the Dukes of
1127:comites sacri palatii
1050:Further information:
698:
443:Viscount, Viscountess
391:Marquess, Marchioness
325:Archduke, Archduchess
267:High king, High queen
2262:Rock, P.M.J. (1908)
1991:papal count palatine
1914:Rudolf I (1182–1219)
1776:Rudolph I of Germany
1620:(d. 1062), Count of
1351:House of Wittelsbach
1149:County of Burgundy (
1036:Herbert III of Omois
927:was not used in the
864:As successor to the
757:Comes Cubiculariorum
705:Comes Palatinus Reni
703:, describing him as
659:Electoral Palatinate
453:Burgrave, Burgravine
396:Margrave, Margravine
95:confusing or unclear
1927:Rudolf II (d. 1247)
1911:Hugo II (1152–1182)
1674:Margrave of Meissen
1509:Golden Bull of 1356
1102:king, later of the
918:Palatine of Hungary
773:Ostrogothic Kingdom
628:count of the palace
520:Baronet, Baronetess
103:clarify the article
2346:Histoire de ma vie
2292:Oxford Art Journal
2034:university degrees
2014:patent of nobility
1933:Eberhard (d. 1304)
1905:Hugo I (1146–1152)
1858:Manegold the Elder
1382:of Germany in 1208
1347:Wittelsbach Castle
1165:and especially of
1104:Holy Roman Emperor
1002:Anselm (d. 778 in
868:after the fall of
753:Officium Palatinum
749:Visigothic Kingdom
709:
2326:www.newadvent.org
2249:978-2-95015-093-6
1964:Duchy of Burgundy
1954:In 1169, Emperor
1930:Hugo IV (d. 1267)
1264:Counts of Andechs
1135:(Comes) palatinus
1065:(Old High German
1046:Holy Roman Empire
1021:Cobbo the Younger
902:Serbian Despotate
866:Byzantine emperor
777:Comes Patrimonium
655:Holy Roman Empire
647:Late Roman Empire
613:
612:
577:Lord of the Manor
541:Knight, Chevalier
215:
214:
207:
197:
196:
189:
135:
134:
127:
75:
16:(Redirected from
2438:
2392:
2358:
2355:
2349:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2332:
2318:
2312:
2301:
2295:
2288:
2282:
2279:
2273:
2260:
2254:
2253:
2235:
2229:
2222:
2216:
2213:
2207:
2206:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2175:
2156:
2149:
1923:
1920:
1917:Hugo III (1185–
1866:
1865: 1034/1043
1863:
1849:
1848: 1070/1075
1846:
1842:
1839:
1829:
1826:
1810:Missus dominicus
1751:
1748:
1705:
1702:
1517:Elector Palatine
1428:held the title:
1419:
1416:
1365:
1362:
1349:and founded the
1340:
1337:
1321:
1318:
1308:
1307: 1082/1083
1305:
1283:
1280:
1236:Dukes of Bavaria
1171:comites palatini
1163:Henry the Fowler
1032:Lothar of France
1017:
1010:Adalard of Paris
1006:), son of Robert
998:
978:
970:on 2 October 678
969:
878:Giovanni Bellini
769:Comes Stabulorum
765:Comes Scanciorum
678:palatine earldom
605:
598:
591:
250:Emperor, Empress
242:
217:
216:
210:
203:
192:
185:
181:
178:
172:
167:this article by
158:inline citations
145:
144:
137:
130:
123:
119:
116:
110:
86:
85:
78:
67:
45:
44:
37:
27:High noble title
21:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2411:Counts palatine
2396:
2395:
2390:
2367:
2362:
2361:
2356:
2352:
2343:
2339:
2330:
2328:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2303:Thomas Robson,
2302:
2298:
2289:
2285:
2280:
2276:
2261:
2257:
2250:
2236:
2232:
2223:
2219:
2214:
2210:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2159:
2150:
2143:
2138:
2106:
2026:Baldo Bartolini
1987:
1982:
1976:
1952:
1946:
1921:
1902:
1896:
1864:
1847:
1840:
1827:
1799:
1749:
1736:House of Wettin
1703:
1643:(murdered near
1525:
1497:
1491:
1417:
1401:
1363:
1343:Scheyern Castle
1338:
1319:
1306:
1281:
1254:Scheyern Castle
1228:
1220:Imperial Vicars
1139:(comte) palatin
1137:and the French
1108:palatial domain
1058:
1048:
1034:(954–986) gave
1028:
1015:comes palatinus
996:comes palatinus
989:(also known as
983:from 691 to 720
976:comes palatinus
967:comes palatinus
962:Chrodobertus II
958:
953:
945:county palatine
882:Comes palatinus
824:medieval Poland
820:
742:comes palatinus
693:
690:Comes palatinus
686:
666:county palatine
624:comes palatinus
609:
546:Imperial Knight
484:Baron, Baroness
422:Count, Countess
231:
211:
200:
199:
198:
193:
182:
176:
173:
163:Please help to
162:
146:
142:
131:
120:
114:
111:
100:
87:
83:
46:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Comes palatinus
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2371:Etymonline.com
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2337:
2313:
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2255:
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2230:
2217:
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2197:Chisholm, Hugh
2157:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2110:Imperial Vicar
2105:
2102:
1986:
1983:
1975:
1972:
1948:Main article:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922: 1228/30
1915:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1898:Main article:
1895:
1892:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1868:
1855:
1841: 997/999
1831:
1818:
1816:
1814:Duke of Swabia
1803:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1790:
1772:
1771:
1762:
1759:the Degenerate
1753:
1732:
1731:
1717:
1711:
1694:
1680:
1677:
1667:
1661:
1658:
1648:
1638:
1632:
1625:
1615:
1609:
1606:
1584:
1581:Nordthüringgau
1573:
1567:
1529:Emperor Otto I
1524:
1521:
1493:Main article:
1490:
1487:
1479:Henry of Laach
1475:
1474:
1461:
1451:
1445:
1436:
1424:From 985, the
1422:
1421:
1408:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1389:
1383:
1373:
1367:
1354:
1329:
1323:
1310:
1297:
1291:
1285:
1272:
1266:
1257:
1243:
1227:
1224:
1167:Otto the Great
1131:Hofpfalzgrafen
1047:
1044:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1007:
1000:
999:around 741/742
984:
971:
957:
954:
952:
949:
929:United Kingdom
925:count palatine
874:Ottoman sultan
870:Constantinople
819:
818:Related titles
816:
692:
687:
685:
682:
617:count palatine
611:
610:
608:
607:
600:
593:
585:
582:
581:
580:
579:
574:
569:
564:
556:
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543:
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455:
450:
445:
437:
436:
435:
434:
429:
424:
416:
415:
414:
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408:
406:Count palatine
403:
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393:
385:
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377:
372:
367:
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345:
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213:
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195:
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149:
147:
140:
133:
132:
90:
88:
81:
76:
50:
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2443:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2388:
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2379:
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2374:
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2198:
2194:
2188:
2187:public domain
2174:
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2166:
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2146:
2141:
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2128:
2126:
2123:
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2107:
2101:
2097:
2095:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2080:
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2072:
2068:
2064:
2059:
2057:
2056:papal legates
2053:
2049:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2006:
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1996:
1992:
1981:
1971:
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1961:
1957:
1951:
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1913:
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1901:
1891:
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1811:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:House of Welf
1777:
1769:
1766:
1765:Frederick VII
1763:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1739:
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1729:
1725:
1721:
1718:
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1709:
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1678:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1642:
1641:Frederick III
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1585:
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1578:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1537:Saale-Unstrut
1534:
1530:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1503:
1496:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1434:
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1429:
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1255:
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1240:
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1237:
1233:
1223:
1221:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1202:
1199:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1158:
1156:
1155:Franche-Comté
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1129:; in German,
1128:
1124:
1120:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1057:
1053:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1001:
997:
992:
988:
985:
982:
977:
972:
968:
963:
960:
959:
948:
946:
942:
941:earl palatine
938:
934:
930:
926:
921:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
898:
893:
891:
887:
886:Frederick III
883:
879:
875:
872:in 1453, the
871:
867:
862:
860:
856:
852:
847:
843:
839:
835:
834:
829:
825:
815:
813:
809:
803:
799:
797:
793:
789:
785:
780:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
745:
743:
739:
736:kings of the
735:
731:
726:
724:
720:
716:
715:
706:
702:
697:
691:
681:
679:
675:
674:earl palatine
671:
667:
662:
660:
657:, especially
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
637:
633:
629:
625:
622:
618:
606:
601:
599:
594:
592:
587:
586:
584:
583:
578:
575:
573:
572:Ministerialis
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
559:
558:
557:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
538:
537:
536:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
512:
511:
510:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
481:
480:
479:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
440:
439:
438:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
419:
418:
417:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
388:
387:
386:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
360:Duke, Duchess
358:
354:
351:
350:
349:
346:
342:
339:
338:
337:
334:
333:
332:
331:
326:
323:
321:
318:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
295:
293:
289:
286:
284:
281:
280:
279:
276:
275:
274:
273:
268:
265:
263:
262:Tsar, Tsarina
260:
256:
253:
252:
251:
248:
247:
246:
245:
241:
237:
236:
233:
228:
227:
223:
219:
218:
209:
206:
191:
188:
180:
170:
166:
160:
159:
153:
148:
139:
138:
129:
126:
118:
108:
107:the talk page
104:
98:
96:
91:This article
89:
80:
79:
74:
72:
65:
64:
59:
58:
53:
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
2416:Noble titles
2406:Court titles
2386:
2385:Westermann,
2357:Robson 1830.
2353:
2345:
2340:
2329:. Retrieved
2325:
2316:
2308:
2304:
2299:
2291:
2286:
2277:
2267:
2258:
2239:
2233:
2225:
2220:
2211:
2200:
2098:
2091:
2082:
2079:Benedict XIV
2075:Pope Pius IV
2063:Sack of Rome
2060:
2047:
2038:
2007:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1988:
1958:created the
1953:
1885:
1852:Hohenstaufen
1834:Frederick II
1806:Erchanger II
1773:
1767:
1758:
1733:
1726:and his son
1724:Frederick II
1664:Frederick VI
1651:Frederick IV
1635:Frederick II
1531:created the
1526:
1506:
1504:after 1085.
1498:
1476:
1423:
1229:
1206:
1203:
1195:
1176:
1170:
1159:
1150:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1116:
1111:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1074:
1067:phalanzgrāvo
1066:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1029:
1004:Roncesvalles
990:
964:, was named
940:
936:
932:
924:
922:
913:
909:
897:Grand Čelnik
895:
894:
881:
863:
858:
854:
841:
831:
827:
821:
804:
800:
781:
776:
768:
764:
761:chamberlains
759:oversaw the
756:
752:
746:
741:
729:
727:
725:('palace').
722:
718:
712:
710:
704:
689:
677:
673:
669:
665:
663:
638:
631:
627:
623:
616:
614:
405:
401:Marcher lord
201:
183:
174:
155:
121:
112:
101:Please help
92:
68:
61:
55:
54:Please help
51:
2391:(in German)
2125:Kaiserpfalz
2065:, 1527, by
2045:papal curia
2018:Renaissance
1997:, properly
1956:Frederick I
1828: 1020
1821:Frederick I
1750: 1215
1720:Henry Raspe
1704: 1155
1645:Zscheiplitz
1612:Frederick I
1579:and in the
1562:and in the
1364: 1117
1339: 1083
1326:Engelbert I
1320: 1083
1282: 1020
1179:Lotharingia
1056:Kaiserpfalz
884:by Emperor
790:of 882 and
784:Carolingian
738:Merovingian
651:Middle Ages
169:introducing
2426:Marquesses
2400:Categories
2331:2024-09-07
2136:References
1768:the Bitten
1697:Herman III
1691:Gelnhausen
1587:Burchard I
1458:Hezzelin I
1418: 905
1392:Rapoto III
1288:Hartwig II
1256:around 940
1232:Regensburg
956:Robertians
931:. Just as
910:nádorispán
880:was named
846:infeudated
788:capitulary
670:palatinate
551:Druzhinnik
177:April 2009
152:references
97:to readers
57:improve it
2348:, 8;ix);.
2077:in 1559.
1756:Albert II
1743:Henry III
1730:from 1246
1728:Conrad IV
1683:Louis III
1670:Herman II
1605:from 1012
1599:Merseburg
1560:Hessengau
1549:Thuringia
1541:Hessengau
1464:Herman II
1411:Gottfried
1386:Rapoto II
1376:Otto VIII
1269:Hartwig I
1246:Arnulf II
1207:beneficia
1093:palsgrave
1069:) is the
1062:Pfalzgraf
1040:Champagne
923:The term
890:Mehmet II
828:Palatinus
822:In early
730:palatinus
719:palatinus
649:. In the
639:Pfalzgraf
632:palsgrave
463:Advocatus
458:Landgrave
448:Castellan
432:Ealdorman
115:June 2019
63:talk page
2193:Palatine
2104:See also
2094:Casanova
1974:Holy See
1968:Freigraf
1843:–
1714:Louis IV
1603:governor
1595:Hassegau
1570:Dietrich
1556:Adalbero
1513:electors
1433:Herman I
1426:Ezzonids
1370:Otto VII
1313:Rapoto I
1294:Aribo II
1260:Berthold
1250:Arnulf I
1198:Ezzonian
1147:allodial
1143:Freigraf
1100:Frankish
1089:palatium
991:Rupert I
987:Robert I
981:Neustria
859:voivodes
855:Voivodes
833:Wojewoda
796:Paladins
734:Frankish
723:palatium
699:Seal of
626:), also
494:Lendmann
473:Starosta
348:Princess
222:a series
220:Part of
2365:Sources
2307:(1830)
2294:, 1979.
2199:(ed.).
2189::
1787:Henry I
1618:William
1577:Harzgau
1564:Liesgau
1535:in the
1472:Brabant
1454:Henry I
1443:Otto II
1405:Wigeric
1332:Otto IV
1322:to 1093
1275:Aribo I
1183:Bavaria
1112:Pfalzen
1106:, in a
1083:", and
842:voivode
747:In the
562:Esquire
525:Fidalgo
411:Voivode
353:consort
341:consort
308:dowager
303:consort
298:regnant
288:dowager
283:consort
255:dowager
165:improve
93:may be
2421:Counts
2246:
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2183:
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2024:named
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1622:Weimar
1591:Goseck
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1357:Otto V
1300:Kuno I
1191:Saxony
1187:Swabia
1071:German
1018:in 877
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937:comes
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916:(see
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906:Radič
714:Comes
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