422:
with a full-time firefighter bringing the needed apparatus and equipment to the incident. Some combination departments also use volunteer firefighters to cover unfilled shifts of the full-time firefighters. Most volunteer firefighters live or work in the community they respond to fire dispatches in, and most combination departments require residency within the community or a certain distance of the community, in which they serve. Depending on the department, volunteer firefighters may respond 24/7 to any dispatched incidents or be split into response shifts. Response to incidents may be required during transitions, or a periodic run percentage may be required to maintain active status on a combination or volunteer department.
63:
1477:
1525:
126:
450:. They can receive medical training and fire training. Many programs allow them to respond alongside firefighters to incidents and will enable them to serve usually as exterior firefighters and assist in emergency medical services that they are trained and qualified for. In a combination department, they can provide a basis from which volunteers are recruited from and provide additional manpower under certain circumstances.
1513:
1501:
22:
1489:
335:
firefighters. Actual volunteer firefighters are few, as it is economically unfeasible for fire personnel to be compensated for the time required for requisite training and for the personal costs of responding to dispatched calls. Actual volunteer firefighters are not paid for their time. However, the
421:
cell phones and alpha pagers with priority service contracts to send information to volunteer firefighters. Depending on the response structure of the combination department, the volunteer may respond to the station to pick up an apparatus, or go directly to the scene of an incident in their vehicle
394:
or pay often does not fully cover the costs associated with being a firefighter, including lost wages from their primary occupation for response to dispatches and training. Their pay may be hourly based and may not qualify for volunteer status under FLSA. In addition, many part paid or paid on-call
469:
Another potential source of friction is the fact that career staff and volunteers are in separate chains of command. The volunteers cannot be reprimanded by career staff and vice-versa. Career staff must also meet a minimum training level often at an associated academy while volunteers have lower
279:
they work for. The career staff in a combination fire department staff a station or unit because the volunteers in that station are unable to respond at some or all the hours in a day (volunteer firefighters have traditional jobs/careers that would prevent them from leaving work and responding to
323:
Some combination departments require their volunteer firefighters to be trained to the same standards as their full-time counterparts. Career firefighters often start with a combination department to acquire experience and training and then attempt to get hired in the career service.
470:
minimum requirements. However, in many cases, volunteers have been associated with a department longer than career staff. Sometimes starting volunteer firefighters are perceived as using their volunteer positions as stepping stones to full-time career positions.
376:, and other benefits can be offered to volunteers without jeopardizing their volunteer status with the Department of Labor. However, under FLSA, a firefighter working for an employer as a career firefighter may not volunteer their time as a firefighter or
344:(FLSA), volunteer firefighters can be paid a nominal fee up to 20% of the compensation a full-time firefighter would receive. These nominal fees can be based per call or shift or other requirements of service but may not be productivity based as in an
280:
every call while working regular business hours). Furthermore, the volunteer organization may not have the manpower to cover all calls, and the career staff augments them to provide minimal staffing for preexisting jurisdictional requirements.
473:
Other issues can stem from inequities or resentment caused by bargained-for benefits career firefighters receive under contract, including training wages, shorter gear rotations, clothing allowances, and overtime pay.
283:
Career staff are not in charge of the volunteer firehouse. Depending on the staffing requirements, the career staff may be there 24/7, they maintain the station and equipment, but it still belongs to the volunteers.
263:, combination fire departments are typically tax-supported in some fashion, and generally have an annual call volume larger than purely volunteer departments but less than career departments.
395:
firefighters with combination departments still volunteer or are unpaid for part or all of the time they spend on training, administrative tasks, equipment maintenance, public education, and
458:
In combination fire departments, volunteer firefighters often outnumber career firefighters. This can create a highly complex work environment, as full-time fire personnel typically are
271:
The career staff assigned to a volunteer station will handle all daily operations. This includes but is not limited to equipment checks, essential maintenance,
1404:
380:
for the same employer. A volunteer firefighter may volunteer as a firefighter for the same agency only if they are employed in a different role.
73:
1322:
466:
and volunteers rarely are. Friction can arise in this environment as the career staff are typically at a station more than the volunteers.
143:
35:
190:
162:
1154:
169:
685:
595:
176:
1312:
296:
associated with a combination or volunteer department generally respond to the station or directly to an incident when an
417:, to receive dispatch information where ever they are at the time a call is dispatched. Some combination departments use
158:
1159:
960:
806:
660:
275:
maintenance, etc. The career staff at a station typically do not answer to the volunteer chain of command, but to the
337:
227:
209:
107:
49:
341:
85:
41:
300:
is dispatched. Volunteer firefighters operate in the same range as full-time "career" firefighters, responding to
1119:
353:
485:(ISO) fire suppression ratings are independent of whether a department is full-time, combination, or volunteer.
430:
Sometimes departments have auxiliary volunteers who handle administrative functions and fundraising operations.
1516:
1399:
670:
147:
1492:
1209:
776:
327:
Volunteer firefighters often are compensated in one form or another, and those paid are often referred to as
1414:
1409:
1389:
1184:
1139:
183:
1432:
1164:
1103:
588:
552:
1551:
1144:
675:
482:
253:
81:
553:"Managing Volunteer Firefighters for FLSA Compliance: A Guide for Fire Chiefs and Community Leaders"
525:
1504:
1462:
1179:
1073:
985:
711:
361:
89:
1528:
1149:
1058:
136:
1394:
1287:
975:
955:
786:
771:
738:
1480:
1332:
914:
680:
581:
1373:
1327:
1214:
751:
746:
645:
390:
refers to the fact that some volunteer firefighters are only partly compensated, and their
369:
312:, confined spaces, and rescues from water or other situations. They commonly also provide
8:
1232:
1088:
1078:
945:
874:
854:
365:
309:
1272:
1257:
1053:
930:
781:
718:
625:
447:
443:
1437:
1297:
1292:
894:
869:
839:
1134:
829:
305:
1237:
1129:
1098:
1083:
879:
761:
706:
640:
620:
523:
313:
249:
1317:
1267:
1169:
1093:
1018:
970:
940:
859:
791:
297:
1545:
1457:
1307:
1174:
1048:
1023:
1008:
965:
904:
373:
260:
1363:
1348:
1247:
1038:
1003:
889:
864:
849:
824:
819:
796:
723:
650:
630:
604:
377:
276:
399:
and often cover the cost of supplemental training from their own pockets.
1368:
1043:
1028:
935:
909:
899:
834:
814:
756:
701:
655:
612:
439:
396:
345:
293:
256:
1277:
1063:
1033:
1013:
950:
920:
884:
728:
635:
317:
1302:
1282:
1262:
1252:
1242:
1124:
1068:
998:
993:
844:
459:
357:
348:. After a certain number of years of service, some departments offer
272:
125:
1358:
1353:
1194:
766:
665:
463:
411:
414:
391:
349:
573:
524:
of
Occupational Statistics and Employment Projections, Office.
418:
403:
925:
502:
407:
301:
532:. Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor
550:
150:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1543:
589:
526:"Occupational Outlook Handbook, Firefighters"
438:Junior firefighters are youths, typically in
70:The examples and perspective in this article
1323:Wildfire suppression equipment and personnel
50:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1155:International Association of Fire Fighters
596:
582:
558:. International Association of Fire Chiefs
287:
228:Learn how and when to remove this message
210:Learn how and when to remove this message
108:Learn how and when to remove this message
425:
1544:
433:
577:
505:. Canadian Association of Fire Chiefs
1488:
1313:Modular Airborne FireFighting System
148:adding citations to reliable sources
119:
56:
15:
453:
13:
961:Self-contained breathing apparatus
661:Firefighter assist and search team
446:, that learn about local fire and
360:to volunteer firefighters. LOSAP,
304:and, in many communities, also to
252:which consists of both career and
14:
1563:
31:This article has multiple issues.
1523:
1511:
1499:
1487:
1476:
1475:
686:Fire department ranks by country
603:
354:Length of Service Award Programs
314:first emergency medical response
124:
61:
20:
1524:
1160:International Firefighters' Day
1120:Candidate Physical Ability Test
551:Dodge, G; Mullarkey, M (2006).
266:
135:needs additional citations for
39:or discuss these issues on the
671:Special operations firefighter
544:
517:
495:
477:
1:
1210:Wildfire emergency management
777:Hazardous materials apparatus
530:Occupational Outlook Handbook
488:
402:Volunteer firefighters carry
159:"Combination fire department"
316:prior to the arrival of the
7:
1185:World Police and Fire Games
1140:Fire protection engineering
242:combination fire department
84:, discuss the issue on the
10:
1568:
1433:Glossary of wildfire terms
1165:List of firefighting films
613:Personnel and organization
356:, and some states provide
1471:
1450:
1425:
1382:
1341:
1223:
1202:
1193:
1145:Geography of firefighting
1112:
984:
805:
737:
694:
676:Volunteer fire department
611:
483:Insurance Services Office
340:has ruled that under the
1463:Template:Fire protection
1180:World Firefighters Games
1074:Gaseous fire suppression
342:Fair Labor Standards Act
338:U.S. Department of Labor
1150:History of firefighting
1288:Firefighting apparatus
976:Thermal imaging camera
956:Secure information box
772:Firefighting apparatus
352:-like programs called
288:Volunteer firefighters
1333:Wildland water tender
915:Hydraulic rescue tool
681:Women in firefighting
362:worker's compensation
1374:Wildland fire module
1328:Wildland fire engine
1215:Wildfire suppression
752:Fire command vehicle
747:Airport crash tender
646:Retained firefighter
426:Auxiliary volunteers
370:disability insurance
246:composite department
144:improve this article
90:create a new article
82:improve this article
72:may not represent a
1233:Aerial firefighting
1089:Stop, drop and roll
1079:Multiple-alarm fire
946:Portable water tank
855:Fire proximity suit
434:Junior firefighters
366:liability insurance
310:hazardous materials
308:, emergencies with
1273:Fire retardant gel
1258:Fire lookout tower
931:New York roof hook
782:Light and air unit
719:Fire lookout tower
626:Chief fire officer
448:emergency services
444:junior high school
1539:
1538:
1446:
1445:
1438:List of wildfires
1298:Helicopter bucket
1293:Firefighting foam
895:Hard suction hose
840:Fire extinguisher
830:Fire brigade keys
306:vehicle accidents
238:
237:
230:
220:
219:
212:
194:
118:
117:
110:
92:, as appropriate.
54:
1559:
1552:Fire departments
1527:
1526:
1515:
1514:
1503:
1502:
1491:
1490:
1479:
1478:
1200:
1199:
1135:Fire photography
917:("Jaws of life")
875:Fireman's switch
598:
591:
584:
575:
574:
568:
567:
565:
563:
557:
548:
542:
541:
539:
537:
521:
515:
514:
512:
510:
499:
462:employees under
454:Work environment
410:, primarily the
233:
226:
215:
208:
204:
201:
195:
193:
152:
128:
120:
113:
106:
102:
99:
93:
65:
64:
57:
46:
24:
23:
16:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1512:
1500:
1467:
1442:
1421:
1378:
1337:
1238:Controlled burn
1225:
1219:
1189:
1130:Fire engine red
1108:
1099:Two-in, two-out
1054:Fireman's carry
980:
880:Flame retardant
801:
762:Fire motorcycle
733:
707:Fire department
690:
641:Station officer
621:Battalion chief
607:
602:
572:
571:
561:
559:
555:
549:
545:
535:
533:
522:
518:
508:
506:
501:
500:
496:
491:
480:
456:
436:
428:
290:
269:
250:fire department
234:
223:
222:
221:
216:
205:
199:
196:
153:
151:
141:
129:
114:
103:
97:
94:
79:
66:
62:
25:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1565:
1555:
1554:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1521:
1509:
1497:
1485:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1435:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1397:
1392:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1268:Fire retardant
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1229:
1227:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1217:
1212:
1206:
1204:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1094:Structure fire
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1019:Door breaching
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
990:
988:
982:
981:
979:
978:
973:
971:Smoke detector
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
870:Fireman's pole
867:
862:
860:Fire retardant
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
811:
809:
803:
802:
800:
799:
794:
792:Rescue vehicle
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
743:
741:
735:
734:
732:
731:
726:
721:
716:
715:
714:
704:
698:
696:
692:
691:
689:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
617:
615:
609:
608:
601:
600:
593:
586:
578:
570:
569:
543:
516:
493:
492:
490:
487:
479:
476:
455:
452:
435:
432:
427:
424:
298:emergency call
289:
286:
268:
265:
236:
235:
218:
217:
132:
130:
123:
116:
115:
76:of the subject
74:worldwide view
69:
67:
60:
55:
29:
28:
26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1564:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1532:
1531:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1486:
1484:
1483:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1458:Template:Fire
1456:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1400:United States
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1175:Saint Florian
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1113:Miscellaneous
1111:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1049:Fire triangle
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1009:Dead man zone
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
991:
989:
987:
983:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
905:Heat detector
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
812:
810:
808:
804:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
744:
742:
740:
736:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
713:
710:
709:
708:
705:
703:
700:
699:
697:
693:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
618:
616:
614:
610:
606:
599:
594:
592:
587:
585:
580:
579:
576:
554:
547:
531:
527:
520:
504:
498:
494:
486:
484:
475:
471:
467:
465:
461:
451:
449:
445:
441:
431:
423:
420:
416:
413:
409:
405:
400:
398:
393:
389:
385:
381:
379:
375:
374:reimbursement
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
334:
330:
325:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
285:
281:
278:
274:
264:
262:
261:United States
258:
255:
251:
248:is a type of
247:
243:
232:
229:
214:
211:
203:
192:
189:
185:
182:
178:
175:
171:
168:
164:
161: –
160:
156:
155:Find sources:
149:
145:
139:
138:
133:This article
131:
127:
122:
121:
112:
109:
101:
91:
87:
83:
77:
75:
68:
59:
58:
53:
51:
44:
43:
38:
37:
32:
27:
18:
17:
1529:
1517:
1505:
1493:
1481:
1390:Ancient Rome
1364:Hotshot crew
1349:Fire lookout
1248:Fire flapper
1039:Fire control
1004:Chimney fire
890:Halligan bar
865:Fire shelter
850:Fire hydrant
825:Fire blanket
820:Escape chair
797:Water tender
724:Fire station
651:Fire marshal
631:Fire captain
605:Firefighting
560:. Retrieved
546:
534:. Retrieved
529:
519:
507:. Retrieved
503:"About CAFC"
497:
481:
472:
468:
457:
442:, sometimes
437:
429:
401:
388:paid on-call
387:
383:
382:
378:fire marshal
333:paid on-call
332:
328:
326:
322:
294:firefighters
291:
282:
277:jurisdiction
270:
267:Career staff
257:firefighters
245:
241:
239:
224:
206:
200:January 2018
197:
187:
180:
173:
166:
154:
142:Please help
137:verification
134:
104:
98:January 2018
95:
71:
47:
40:
34:
33:Please help
30:
1383:By location
1369:Smokejumper
1226:and tactics
1104:Ventilation
1044:Fire safety
1029:False alarm
986:Terminology
936:PASS device
910:Hose bridge
900:Hazmat suit
835:Fire bucket
815:Bunker gear
757:Fire engine
702:Drill tower
656:Fire police
509:14 November
478:ISO ratings
440:high school
397:fundraising
346:hourly wage
1415:Washington
1410:California
1278:Fire trail
1224:Equipment
1064:Flash fire
1034:Fire class
1014:Deluge gun
951:Rotary saw
921:Kelly tool
885:Fog nozzle
729:Hose tower
695:Facilities
636:Fire chief
562:11 October
489:References
372:, expense
358:tax breaks
318:ambulances
292:Volunteer
170:newspapers
36:improve it
1395:Australia
1342:Personnel
1303:Hose pack
1283:Firebreak
1263:Fire rake
1253:Fire hose
1243:Driptorch
1195:Wildfires
1125:Fire camp
1069:Flashover
999:Barn fire
994:Backdraft
845:Fire hose
807:Equipment
739:Apparatus
536:20 August
460:unionized
384:Part paid
329:part paid
273:firehouse
259:. In the
254:volunteer
86:talk page
42:talk page
1546:Category
1506:Glossary
1482:Category
1451:See also
1359:Helitack
1354:Handcrew
1084:Rollover
1059:Firewall
767:Fireboat
666:Handcrew
464:contract
412:Motorola
406:or fire
80:You may
1530:Outline
1494:Commons
1405:History
1318:Pulaski
1203:General
941:The pig
415:Minitor
392:stipend
350:pension
184:scholar
1308:McLeod
1170:Muster
419:Nextel
408:pagers
404:radios
186:
179:
172:
165:
157:
1518:Index
1426:Lists
1024:Draft
966:Siren
926:Nomex
787:Quint
556:(PDF)
302:fires
191:JSTOR
177:books
88:, or
712:list
564:2012
538:2023
511:2023
163:news
386:or
331:or
244:or
146:by
1548::
528:.
368:,
364:,
320:.
240:A
45:.
597:e
590:t
583:v
566:.
540:.
513:.
231:)
225:(
213:)
207:(
202:)
198:(
188:·
181:·
174:·
167:·
140:.
111:)
105:(
100:)
96:(
78:.
52:)
48:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
