British colonisation of South Australia

1039: 54: 1419:(which had been established by a Commission from Queen Victoria on 14 January 1840), also known as the Colonial Land and Emigration Board, took over its functions, along with those of the Agent-General for Emigration. Although the new Commission was established in 1840, the amalgamation of the South Australian Commission was not completed until early 1843. SA records shows "Copies of letters from the Colonization Commissioners to the Colonial Office, 1841-1842, and from the Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners to the Colonial Office, 1842-1843 (GRG 48/2)". 306: 1508: 895:, authored by the Colonization Commission in 1835, stipulated that surveys were to be undertaken and maps to be made available prior to sale of the land. Land could be bought at a uniform price per acre, but it would go to auction in the case of more than one potential buyer. Leases of up to three years could be granted "for pasturage" on unsold lands. All proceeds were to go to the Emigration Fund, set up to help poorer people to migrate to the colony. These regulations were of great significance; the success of the 1050: 264: 289: 677:...The South Australian Association consists of three classes of members, First, Persons who propose to settle in the Colony. Secondly, Persons willing to aid the Association without taking a responsible part in the proceedings. Thirdly, Persons who may take an active part in the preliminary proceedings of the Association, and may become, under the proposed Charter, Trustees for carrying its provisions into effect. 774: 3247: 3006: 2109: 1396:

Australia, as part of his evidence" on 30 March 1841, outlining how the financial administration of the colony had been mishandled, and how it would not have happened had a proposed loan of £120,000 been raised in June 1840 to the emigration fund, and "a cautious stream of emigration been kept up", and by various means the "calamitous crisis" may have been averted. Records in the

1000: 2516: 516:(completely fictitious), outlining his various ideas as a new theory of colonisation. He proposed an "Emigration Fund" payable by landlords' taxes and land sales, which would fund labour for the colonies. Gouger, an enthusiastic supporter, edited the letters and published them as a book, helping to distribute Wakefield's document. 519:

Wakefield saw the colonies as "extensions of an old society"; all classes would be represented among the settlers. In addition, the colonies would be more or less self-governing. His ideas were not original, but Wakefield was the one who synthesised a number of theories into one plan of systematic

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was discovered to the south and Light and his team set about determining the city's precise location and layout. The survey was completed on 11 March 1837. Light's poorly paid and ill-equipped surveying team were expected to begin another massive task of surveying at least 405 square kilometres

1395:

As it became evident that the colonial administration had brought the province of South Australia to near bankruptcy in 1840, the South Australian Colonization Commission was stripped of its powers. Torrens wrote a report "intended to have been given to the Committee on the Affairs of South

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suggests three clear phases in the foundation of the colony: first, the practical men, with their discoveries; second, the theorists, in particular Wakefield and Gouger (who had not seen Australia); and lastly the settlers, who had to marry fact with ideals.

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Parliament with full authority to enact laws, apart from a few Acts requiring Royal Assent. The Legislative Council was elected by property owners only, while the 37-member House of Assembly was elected on a broad male franchise. A parliament was elected by

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After his first proposal failed, Wakefield published his "Plan of a company to be established for the purpose of founding a colony in Southern Australia, purchasing land therein and preparing the land so purchased for the Reception of Immigrants", and the

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site, as the earliest formal European settlement in South Australia), on 27 July 1836, but this was soon abandoned in favour of a settlement on the mainland. Some of the original ships sailed on to Holdfast Bay in November and December, with Gouger, now

969:, Resident Commissioner, was paid far less, despite having practical control of the colony. Not only did Fisher head up the board of Commissioners, but the Treasurer, Emigration Agent, the Surveyor-General and the storekeeper were responsible to him. 758:

The Act provided that three or more persons could be appointed as Commissioners to be known as Colonization Commissioners for South Australia, to carry out certain parts of the Act. The Commissioners formed a Board, which had responsibilities for:

1519:

was introduced in Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia in 1856, in which the government supplied voting paper containing the names of candidates and voters could select in private. This system was adopted around the world, becoming known as the

914:

resigned as Commissioner) to purchase the remaining portion of the £35,000 worth of land that was required for settlement to proceed. The South Australian Company acted as a "third power" in the control of the colony and the one which saved it.

1640:

The transcript as of 6 November 2019 misspells "colonization" as "colonisation" in the long name (as per the long name of the title in the actual document). Throughout the rest of the document, both transcript and original, it is spelt with a

580:

for the purchase of land for colonisation, which would raise funding for the transport of immigrants, and for the governance of the new colony to be administered by the SALC. The company anticipated that the centre of government would be on

700:

in London on the 30 June 1834, to spread awareness about the proposal for the new province and emigration scheme, chaired by Wolryche-Whitmore. The meeting was attended by more than 2,500 people, including well-known philosophers and

1332:, was elected. However, the new corporation suffered financial woes, after several of its actions were unauthorised or reversed by the British government, leading to considerable debt and, so it wound up as insolvent in 1843. 755:(and variant spellings), which would be based in London. However, the Act gave control of the new colony to the Colonial Office as well as the Commissioners, which led to tension between the two and caused problems later. 836:, and the Resident Commissioner, who reported to the Colonisation Commissioners and who was responsible for the survey and sale of land as well as for organising migration and funding. The first Resident Commissioner was 2431: 3052: 333:

Ideas espoused and promulgated by Wakefield since 1829 led to the formation of the South Australian Land Company in 1831, but this first attempt failed to achieve its goals, and the company folded.

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The British government appointed Commissioners to oversee implementation of the Act, to control sales of land and the administration of revenue: thirteen Commissioners were based in London (at 6

1800:

Plan of a company to be established for the purpose of founding a colony in Southern Australia : purchasing land therein, and preparing the land so purchased for the reception of immigrants

1821: 1472:

into the failure of the colonial administration which had brought the province of South Australia near bankruptcy in 1840, and gave the British Government full control of South Australia as a

3027:

Torrens, R.; Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Select Committee on the affairs of South Australia.; South Australian Colonization Commission. (1841), "42 pages ; 22 cm.",

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The Association lobbied the British government for years, taking part in numerous negotiations and submitting plans that underwent many modifications. Finally, after intervention by the

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Under the emigration scheme, "worthy" labourers and their families received free passage. They had to be between 15 and 30 years of age, preferably married, and needed two references.

651:, in the creation of a new colony in South Australia by the British government. The proposal was for a colony that belonged to the Crown but with its administration run by trustees. 3540:(Preface): It fell to my lot to write the "History of South Australia," and in that work it was stated:—"Honours are divided among the claimants to be founders of South Australia. 3026: 1300:", also emigrated in the early years. The first large group of Germans arrived in 1838, with the financial assistance of the Emigration Fund. Most moved out of Adelaide and to the 316:

describes the planning and establishment of the colony of South Australia by the British government, covering the period from 1829, when the idea was raised by the then-imprisoned

600:

However, the scheme, which included free trade, self-government and the power to select the Governor, was not approved as these ideas were considered too radical and republican.

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before approaching the Colonial Secretary (Gouger). Light was appointed Surveyor-General on 14 December 1835, and on 21 January 1836 Captain Hindmarsh was appointed the first

990: 309:"Old Colonists" Festival Dinner on 27 March 1851, in commemoration of the first sale of town land on 27 March 1837. Members of the 1836 government are listed alongside. 1631:, based on some of the Board's documents and publications; the board members are referred to in various documents as the Colonization Commissioners for South Australia. 3030:

Paper intended to have been given to the Committee on the Affairs of South Australia, as part of his evidence, by Colonel Torrens, on Tuesday, the 30th of March, 1841.

1468:

and the amendments made to that Act, and instituted a different form of Government over the colony. The Act was introduced as a result of recommendations by a British

942:(who had written a book about the colonisation of South Australia in 1835) was first approached by a group of emigrants, while the Colonial Office was considering Sir 1408: 1010:

The main changes in the Letters Patent were to amend the wording in the 1834 document which referred to the land as "unoccupied", and to recognise the rights of the

735:

on 15 August 1834. The Act provided for the settlement as the Province of South Australia, for the sale of lands, for funding of the venture, and for governance.

3620: 1345: 892: 705:, and the speeches and discussions continued for seven hours. Afterwards the association received hundreds of enquiries from people interested in emigration. 543:

in 1830, more interest in Wakefield's scheme followed. One key component of the Wakefield Scheme was that the land price should be set high enough to prevent

3615: 1312:, living in socially closed communities, by 1842, and did not participate in government until responsible government was granted 15 years later in 1857. 1134: 547:. In 1831 a "Proposal to His Majesty's Government for founding a colony on the Southern Coast of Australia" was prepared under the auspices of Gouger, 1875: 1001:

Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom erecting and establishing the Province of South Australia and fixing the boundaries thereof

3169: 2091: 1504:

as the symbolic head of state. In 1850 and elections for legislative councils were held in the colonies of Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania.

344:

and other supporters, which put forward a proposal less radical than previous ones, which was finally supported and a Bill proposed in Parliament.

3210:

Note: This ref is added for completeness, but as of October 2020, the end date it gives doesn't accord with the other sources. To be investigated.

972:

Hindmarsh and Fisher quarrelled frequently and could not work together harmoniously, so in 1838 both were recalled to London and a new Governor (

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passengers paid £15-20, middle berth £35-40, and cabin class £70. Children under 14 years were charged £3 while those under 1 year were free.

785:

in 1840), with a Resident Commissioner appointed by the board and stationed in the colony. Those first appointed, on 5 May 1835, were Colonel

2323:

Founder of a city: the life of Colonel William Light, first Surveyor-General of the colony of South Australia, founder of Adelaide, 1786-1839

1677:

Founder of a city: the life of Colonel William Light, first Surveyor-General of the colony of South Australia, founder of Adelaide, 1786-1839

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include a document in which the "Colonization commissioners defend their position as regards responsibility for the crisis" on 17 July 1841.

843:

The Commissioner of Public Lands was appointed to act under the orders of the Commissioners. All monies were to be submitted to the Lord of

3130: 1090:. They proposed a new code for emigrant ships carrying more than 100 passengers, which meant having a minimum deck height and including a 1422:(The Colonial Land and Emigration Commission was wound up in 1855, succeeded by the Emigration Commission, which was abolished in 1878.) 957:

had got wind of the forthcoming appointment, and set out first to see Napier, then woo some powerful supporters in London, including the

644: 617:

was established and began to lobby the government for the establishment of a colony in South Australia, with Crown-appointed governance.

396:

However, after the government under the Colonisation Commission set up by the 1834 Act failed to achieve financial self-sufficiency, the

361:

formed on 9 October 1835 to fulfil the purposes of the Act by forming a new colony financed by land sales. The first settlers arrived on

1576: 1213:

Colonel Light was given two months to locate the most advantageous location for the main colony. He was required to find a site with a

965:. Hindmarsh was rewarded handsomely, while the salaries for the other men were small. Hindmarsh reported to the Colonial Office, while 3625: 2766: 1988: 1847: 17: 2676: 3645: 3640: 3635: 1500:, and the colonies enthusiastically set about writing constitutions which produced democratically progressive parliaments with the 1484:

By the mid 19th century, there was a strong desire for representative and responsible government in the colonies of Australia. The

1289:

industry was the basis of South Australia's economy for the first few years, with the first wool auction held in Adelaide in 1840.

806: 628: 1166:

on 5 October. More ships left in the coming months, making a total of at least nine, which for convenience can be regarded as the

1515:

In 1855, limited self-government was granted by London to New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. An innovative

1485: 1416: 1349: 654:

The aim of the Association and details of the planned administration of the proposed colony were published on 11 January 1834 in

3600:

edited by Wilfrid Prest, Kerrie Round and Carol Fort (Adelaide: Wakefield Press, 2001). Edited lightly. Uploaded 12 August 2015.

3417: 2718:, edited by Wilfrid Prest, Kerrie Round and Carol Fort (Adelaide: Wakefield Press, 2001). Edited lightly and references updated" 2550:

A short sketch of the lives of Francis and William Light: the founders of Penang and Adelaide, with extracts from their journals

623:

started setting up the South Australian Association from November 1833. Between that time and August 1834, he corresponded with

1321: 1038: 53: 3479:

Hastings, W. K. "The Wakefield colonisation plan and constitutional development in South Australia, Canada and New Zealand."

2609: 2330: 1684: 1190: 899:

to populate and fund the new Province hinged on land development, so land law and regulations governing it were fundamental.

858: 3552:

brought experience and influence to bear to make the scheme popular, and ensure its acceptance by the Government; while Mr.

3630: 2065:

Report of the Colonization Commissioners for South Australia to Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies

1900: 1594: 548: 1022: 370: 174: 3265: 2930: 2596: 946:. Franklin withdrew in favour of Napier, but Napier quarrelled with the emigrants and made two requests (for access to 814: 1261:, managed to survey 605.7 square kilometres (233.9 sq mi) (or 150,000 acres (61,000 ha)) by June 1838. 1469: 419:

There were moves towards representative self-government in the mid-nineteenth century, and South Australia became a

2991: 2408: 1996: 1953: 1452: 1397: 1359:

Engineering and architecture departments changed in structure and naming over the years, with the names including:

1066: 529: 111: 873:, including choosing the site for the capital city. However, the Act did not clarify the powers of the Commission 3194: 1207: 2601: 2346: 1167: 1062: 790: 528:, with Gouger as secretary and a large number of enthusiastic members. Wakefield's ideas caused much debate in 995:

The procedure for the founding of the South Australian province was unclear to the Board of Commissioners, so

3441: 3413: 2900: 1533: 1238: 640: 525: 3544:

was the first to set forth the principles of the new form of Colonisation; Mr. Gouger, the Secretary of the

3242: 2983: 766:

an Emigration Fund which for conveying poor emigrants from Great Britain and Ireland to South Australia; and

647:. The aim of the association was to bring to fruition the idea of "systematic colonisation", as proposed by 3545: 3535:

The Founding of South Australia, as Recorded in the Journals of Mr. Robert Gouger, First Colonial Secretary

3293: 1404: 1293: 1121: 847:, and be audited in the same manner as other public accounts. A report was required to be submitted to the 337: 3342: 3282:

This article was first published in hardcopy in Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 1, (MUP), 1966.

2026:

was Deputy Chairman, but as yet no other source found to confirm this, so left out of the article for now.

3195:"Libraries Australia Authorities - Full view [Heading: South Australian Colonization Commission]" 3090:

This article was first published in hardcopy in Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 1, (MUP), 1966

2639:

This article was first published in hardcopy in Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 2, (MUP), 1967

1143: 962: 935: 825: 769:

appointing a treasurer, assistant surveyors and other officers necessary to carry the Act into execution.

556: 409: 140: 3445: 2209: 672:, on the south coast of Australia, a tract of country far removed from the existing Penal Settlements... 3549: 2873: 2128:

The British Almanac of The Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, for the year of our Lord 1840

2017: 1926: 1599: 1341: 1181: 848: 786: 686: 502:

serving a term in prison for abducting a minor, Wakefield turned his mind to social problems caused by

439:

had both done exploratory voyages around the central southern coastline, an area previously ignored by

3306: 2793: 2651: 2493: 2291: 2160: 1715: 1344:

the first appointee to the role. Other architects who served in this role included Richard Lambeth;

844: 798: 632: 269: 3108: 1014:

to live unhindered within the lands of the Province of South Australia. The first migrant ship, the

2892: 1464: 1434: 1415:, appointed to the position. After the South Australian Colonization Commission was abolished, the 1112: 907: 886: 731: 716: 559:, but its ideas were considered too radical, and it was unable to attract the required investment. 459:). The British Government, not wanting to be pre-empted by the French, sent out new expeditions to 390: 382: 358: 353: 322: 206: 3541: 3319: 3239: 2741: 2548: 2126: 1567: 903: 810: 648: 576:) was formed in 1831 to establish a new colony in the area of South Australia. The SALC sought a 493: 317: 219: 60: 2235:"South Australian Commission Land Sale Regulations 1835 (issued by the Commissioners in the UK)" 1524:". In the same year, all male British subjects ages 21 or over were granted the right to vote. 1328:

authority in Australia. At its time of establishment, Adelaide's (and Australia's) first mayor,

1097:

Four ships chartered by the South Australia Company set sail for South Australia in early 1836:

1094:

on board. These reforms reduced mortality and were later adopted by all British emigrant ships.

3538:. A Project Gutenberg of Australia eBook (posted 2013). London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co. 3260: 3073: 1011: 958: 3587: 3517:

The History of South Australia: From Its Foundation to the Year of Its Jubilee: Volume I.]

3388: 3225: 2849: 2400: 1920: 1776:

Proposal to His Majesty's Government for Founding a Colony on the Southern Coast of Australia

1551: 1539: 1237:. Light rejected potential locations for the new main settlement, including Kangaroo Island, 1194: 508: 420: 374: 80: 3220: 1003:, were presented to the government on 19 February 1836, and with its adoption along with an 1282: 1091: 939: 902:

Sales of land had proved difficult; buyers did not rush to buy an acre of wild land for 20

405: 2774: 1748: 725:, the bill drafted by the Association and presented by Wolryche-Whitmore was presented to 8: 2821: 2684: 1822:"Entry-Books of Correspondence: Letters from the South Australian Association, 1833-1834" 1589: 1493: 1329: 966: 870: 837: 27:

Establishment of the new British colony of South Australia, covering the period 1829–1842

305: 3579: 3520:. A Project Gutenberg of Australia eBook (posted 2013). With much material gathered by 3474: 3147: 3096: 1171: 726: 722: 524:

to push forward with such a plan. After his release from prison in 1830, he funded the

506:. In 1829, he wrote a series of anonymous "Letters from Sydney" to a London newspaper, 386: 1945: 1876:"Gouger forms South Australian Association with success; chosen as colonial secretary" 3553: 3521: 2623: 2615: 2605: 2591: 2375: 2326: 2260: 2011: 1680: 1521: 1507: 1448: 1230: 1103: 1015: 911: 802: 794: 690: 681:

The members of the South Australian Association were men of varied backgrounds, from

512:, in which he purported to write about his own experiences as a gentleman settler in 468: 365:

in July 1836, with all of the ships later sailing north soon afterwards to anchor in

3495:

The colonization of Australia (1829-42): the Wakefield experiment in empire building

3363: 2954: 2457: 2234: 2183: 2036: 3139: 1206:

The foundation of South Australia is usually considered to be Governor Hindmarsh's

1004: 896: 594: 544: 436: 2564: 2113: 1007:

on 23 February 1836 the foundation of the South Australian province was achieved.

3533: 3515: 1779: 1501: 1489: 1269:

The settlement grew steadily. In 1836 the South Australian Company imported pure

1246: 1185: 1147: 938:, as the most well-paid position and the most important one, proved complex. Sir 818: 782: 702: 582: 521: 513: 503: 475: 452: 448: 447:

in South Australia on 8 April 1802, and each gave names to various places around

413: 362: 282: 2825:. Vol. LXXXI, no. 6, 040. South Australia. 1 November 1924. p. 49 1049: 3498: 3122: 1624: 1305: 1301: 1082:

Montefiore and Lt-Col Palmer helped Colonel Light to prepare two of the ships,

1027: 996: 954: 862: 829: 682: 552: 432: 159: 126: 3010: 2816: 2707: 1488:

was a landmark piece of legislation, granting representative constitutions to

1101:

On 22 February, just days after the Letters Patent had been adopted, the ship

1020:, set sail for the colony three days later. An amendment to the 1834 Act (the 520:

colonisation, and who spread the ideas among the British public and urged the

3609: 3529: 2788: 2619: 2488: 2286: 2155: 1604: 1560: 1516: 1353: 1297: 1253: 1242: 1226: 1070: 1054: 973: 950:

funds, and for troops to act as police) which were not met, and he resigned.

943: 866: 854: 665: 656: 620: 577: 536: 499: 444: 341: 3505:

Edward Gibbon Wakefield: The Colonization of South Australia and New Zealand

2844: 2627: 1783: 1356:

acting in the position for six months after Hamilton's resignation in 1860.

2922: 2164:. Vol. XXII, no. 3509. South Australia. 5 January 1858. p. 3 1547: 1543: 1473: 1258: 669: 624: 590: 586: 540: 460: 456: 440: 401: 366: 327: 84: 2063: 3563: 3524:

used as the basis of this history. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co.

3508: 2497:. Vol. LI, no. 2, 387. South Australia. 27 July 1886. p. 6 1444: 1412: 1320:

Established in 1840, with its first meeting held on 4 November 1840, the

1257:(156 sq mi) of rural land. Light, despite slowly succumbing to 1222: 1218: 947: 697: 636: 3238:

Text may have been copied from this source, which is published under an

3014: 2061: 869:

Surveyor-General. The Commission was responsible for land sales and for

3471:

Colony : strange origins of one of the earliest modern democracies

3151: 2797:. Vol. III, no. 130. South Australia. 18 July 1840. p. 6 2023: 1798: 1456: 1407:(covering emigration to all colonies) existed from 1837 to 1840, with 3028: 1563:

on 9 March 1857, by which time 109,917 people lived in the province.

1555: 1325: 833: 773: 3143: 3053:"GRG 56/ 68/2Index to early correspondence relating to colonization" 2923:"South Australian Colonial Engineering and Architecture Departments" 2517:"Reeves Point Settlement Site, Seaview Rd, Kingscote, SA, Australia" 1340:

The office of Colonial Architect was established by July 1840, with

747:

set out the governance of the new colony by a new body known as the

1497: 1309: 1234: 1076: 928: 464: 1459:"An Act to provide for the better Government of South Australia". 1199:

on 8 November 1836. The settlers set up camp, to be joined by the

1214: 92: 3244:"compatible with the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0". 2565:"Order-in-Council Establishing Government 23 February 1836 (UK)" 1623:

The South Australian Colonization Commission is a standardised

1274: 1270: 1126: 3307:

Australia’s major electoral developments Timeline: 1788 - 1899

3080:. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University 3340: 3246: 3155: 3009:

Text was copied from this source, which is available under a

3005: 2432:"Emigrants seeking free passage to South Australia 1836–1841" 2112:

Text was copied from this source, which is available under a

2108: 1796: 1773: 1278: 2853:. No. 3730. Victoria, Australia. 26 May 1858. p. 7 1379:

From 1867, the functions were split into separate entities:

3309:. Australian Electoral Commission. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 3296:. Australian Electoral Commission. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 2677:"The Early South Australian Pastoral Industry: An Overview" 2523:. Australian Government. Dept of the Environment and Energy 1628: 1286: 991:

Letters Patent establishing the Province of South Australia

738: 664:

The object of this Association is to found a Colony, under

984: 976:) appointed, who would also act as Resident Commissioner. 953:

Napier favoured Light as Governor; however, the ambitious

3440: 3412: 3270: 1425: 1142:

All four ships of the South Australia Company arrived at

3548:, took up the idea, and worked it into practical shape; 2215:. Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House 2190:. Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House 1390: 1030:

c. 60), passed 31 July 1838) incorporated the changes.

910:(formed on 15 October 1835, after talented businessman 3221:"Colonial Office: Land and Emigration Commission, etc" 2184:"South Australia Act, or Foundation Act, of 1834 (UK)" 893:

South Australian Commission Land Sale Regulations 1835

608: 931:

on 19 February 1836 and the first appointments made.

2893:"Architect Personal Details: Soward, George Klewitz" 1907:. Published online=10 June 2013: 10. 11 January 1834 1462:

The Act was passed on 30 July 1842. It repealed the

1067:

History of Adelaide § British settlement (1836)

3556:

made the working of the Act of Parliament possible.

3486:Langley, Michael. "Wakefield and South Australia." 2716:

The Wakefield companion to South Australian history

2267:. State Library of South Australia. 29 October 2014 1722:. State Library of South Australia. 5 February 2015 1138:, which left London with 22 passengers on 21 April. 877:the Governor, which led to discord for some years. 696:The association organised a huge public meeting at 3341:Government of South Australia (22 November 2021). 1033: 880: 685:to merchants, including Wakefield, Robert Gouger, 3490:(Oct 1969), Vol. 19 Issue 10, pp 704–712; online. 2927:Encyclopedia of Australian Science and Innovation 2202: 2062:South Australian Colonization Commission (1838), 443:and others. The two explorers met at what is now 400:repealed the earlier Act, made South Australia a 3607: 2984:"The Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners" 562: 3598:Wakefield companion to South Australian history 1527: 1375:Engineer and Architect's Department (1860–1867) 1335: 207:Independence from the Colony of New South Wales 3565:Paradise of dissent: South Australia 1829-1857 2369: 2367: 2292:South Australian Gazette And Colonial Register 1315: 753:Colonization Commissioners for South Australia 3621:States and territories disestablished in 1901 2210:"Transcript of the South Australia Act, 1834" 1479: 1277:, and cows and goats were also shipped over. 404:, provided for the formation of an appointed 3131:Journal of the Statistical Society of London 2489:"The infancy of South Australian settlement" 2316: 2314: 2312: 2310: 2086: 2084: 2082: 1755:. Tourist Information Distributors Australia 1184:, at Reeves Point on Kangaroo Island (now a 467:, and set up the first free settlement, the 3320:"Constitution Act (No 2 of 19 Vic, 1855-6)" 2364: 2156:"Majority of the Colony of South Australia" 2150: 2148: 2146: 2131:. Charles Knight & Co. 1840. p. 59 1940: 1938: 1936: 1670: 1668: 1666: 1664: 1662: 1660: 1658: 1386:Architect in Chief's Department (1867–1960) 1372:Colonial Architects Department (1854–1860) 1366:Colonial Architects Department (1852–1854) 1116:set sail with 42 passengers on 24 February. 824:Administrative power was divided between a 708: 3616:States and territories established in 1836 3213: 3011:Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) 2949: 2947: 2861:– via National Library of Australia. 2833:– via National Library of Australia. 2805:– via National Library of Australia. 2735: 2733: 2600:. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, 2542: 2540: 2538: 2505:– via National Library of Australia. 2423: 2303:– via National Library of Australia. 2295:. South Australia. 18 June 1836. p. 6 2188:Documenting a Democracy: Australia'a Story 2172:– via National Library of Australia. 2037:"South Australian Colonization Commission" 1989:"South Australian Colonization Commission" 1383:Engineer in Chief's Department (1867–1906) 3115: 3065: 2705: 2449: 2307: 2261:"History of the South Australian Company" 2253: 2079: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1737: 1281:and other livestock were brought in from 668:, and without convict labour, at or near 2759: 2483: 2481: 2479: 2393: 2347:"Establishing Representative Government" 2176: 2143: 2114:Attribution 3.0 Australia (CC BY 3.0 AU) 1983: 1981: 1979: 1977: 1975: 1973: 1971: 1933: 1893: 1814: 1749:"Brief History: Colony built on a dream" 1655: 1506: 1048: 1043:The Proclamation of South Australia 1836 1037: 918: 772: 749:South Australian Colonization Commission 739:South Australian Colonization Commission 304: 3568:( ed.). Melbourne University Press 2944: 2921:Daniels, Elizabeth (19 November 2019). 2920: 2730: 2546: 2535: 1840: 1710: 1708: 1706: 1704: 1702: 1700: 1698: 1696: 1486:Australian Colonies Government Act 1850 1417:Colonial Land and Emigration Commission 1249:were the best location for settlement. 985:Letters Patent and the Order-in-Council 629:Sir Edward Smith-Stanley, Earl of Derby 314:British colonisation of South Australia 14: 3608: 3596:This entry was first published in The 3528: 3513: 3258: 2978: 2976: 2884: 2325:( ed.). Rigby. pp. 149–152. 2320: 1797:South Australian Land Company (1831), 1774:South Australian Land Company (1831). 1734: 1679:( ed.). Rigby. pp. 146–149. 1674: 1363:Colonial Engineer's Office (1841–1852) 1322:City of Adelaide Municipal Corporation 1292:The settlers were mostly British, but 1193:and Chief Magistrate, arriving on the 3259:Hayden, Albert A. (28 October 2020). 3074:"Thomas Frederick Elliot (1808–1880)" 2476: 2455: 2279: 1968: 1627:used by libraries and represented by 1391:Demise of the Colonization Commission 1107:set sail with 24 passengers on board; 3585: 3561: 3123:"Emigration from the United Kingdom" 2373: 2227: 1870: 1868: 1693: 1264: 817:, and John Wright, representing the 793:(Secretary), G. Barnes (Treasurer), 326:changed the form of government to a 3299: 2973: 2890: 2871: 2583: 2557: 2547:Steuart, Archibald Francis (1901). 1369:Public Works Department (1854–1857) 1023:South Australia Government Act 1838 609:South Australian Association (1833) 349:British Province of South Australia 24: 3463: 3266:Australian Dictionary of Biography 3071: 2931:Swinburne University of Technology 2597:Australian Dictionary of Biography 2429: 1915:– via The Spectator Archive. 1550:by the British parliament via the 25: 3657: 3578:(Also available to borrow on the 2589: 1865: 408:and passed greater powers to the 340:was formed in 1833 by Wakefield, 3626:1831 establishments in Australia 3389:"South Australia: Brief history" 3245: 3174:State Records of South Australia 3004: 2992:Australian Research Data Commons 2880:. University of South Australia. 2739: 2553:. Sampson Low, Marston & Co. 2409:State Library of South Australia 2401:"Immigration to South Australia" 2107: 2096:State Records of South Australia 1997:History Trust of South Australia 1954:State Library of South Australia 1595:History of Australia (1788–1850) 1453:Parliament of the United Kingdom 1398:State Records of South Australia 1210:at Glenelg on 28 December 1836. 1177:, all went to Nepean Bay first. 807:William Alexander Mackinnon M.P. 732:South Australia (Foundation) Act 383:proclamation of the new Province 381:is usually considered to be the 287: 262: 52: 3646:British colonisation of Oceania 3641:Settlement schemes in Australia 3636:Demographics of South Australia 3446:"Constitution Act 1934 - Notes" 3434: 3406: 3381: 3356: 3334: 3312: 3287: 3252: 3187: 3162: 3045: 3020: 2955:"South Australia Act 1842 (UK)" 2914: 2865: 2837: 2809: 2781: 2699: 2669: 2644: 2509: 2456:Elton, Jude (7 December 2020). 2374:Paul, Mandy (9 December 2013). 2339: 2119: 2055: 2029: 1634: 1617: 1208:Proclamation of South Australia 1034:First settlers and Proclamation 881:South Australian Company (1835) 3368:Museum of Australian Democracy 3294:The Right to Vote in Australia 2959:Museum of Australian Democracy 2706:Harmstorf, Ian (5 June 2015). 2602:Australian National University 2569:Museum of Australian Democracy 2287:"The South Australian Company" 2239:Museum of Australian Democracy 1901:"South Australian Association" 1852:Bound for South Australia 1836 1848:"South Australian Association" 1790: 1767: 1554:(UK). This Act provided for a 1443:(5 & 6 Vict c. 61) is the 1225:, ready internal and external 1168:First Fleet of South Australia 1063:First Fleet of South Australia 498:Influenced by prison reformer 13: 1: 3532:(1898). Hodder, Edwin (ed.). 3442:Government of South Australia 3414:Government of South Australia 2901:University of South Australia 2351:Parliament of South Australia 1648: 1534:Government of South Australia 570:South Australian Land Company 563:South Australian Land Company 526:National Colonization Society 426: 379:foundation of South Australia 3546:South Australian Association 3364:"Constitution Act 1856 (SA)" 3170:"Colonization Commissioners" 2592:"Light, William (1786–1839)" 2521:Australian Heritage Database 2092:"Colonization Commissioners" 1716:"Foundation of the Province" 1610: 1528:Self-governing colony (1856) 1511:Old Parliament House in 1872 1405:Agent General for Emigration 1336:Architecture and engineering 1180:A settlement was started at 615:South Australian Association 603: 487: 482: 338:South Australian Association 7: 3631:Settlers of South Australia 1583: 1316:1840: Adelaide City Council 1170:. Apart from the last one, 963:Governor of South Australia 936:Governor of South Australia 865:was appointed Governor and 557:Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey 410:Governor of South Australia 35:Province of South Australia 10: 3662: 3060:(JUlY 17,1841) [667 I P.59 3033:, London, nla.obj-33431217 2043:. OCLC WorldCat Identities 1946:"South Australian Company" 1600:History of South Australia 1566:Several decades after the 1531: 1480:Moves towards independence 1432: 1342:George Strickland Kingston 1273:from the German region of 1060: 988: 884: 714: 491: 3261:"Thomas Frederick Elliot" 3138:(3): 156–157. July 1838. 2961:. Documenting a democracy 2794:South Australian Register 2571:. Documenting a democracy 2494:South Australian Register 2321:Dutton, Geoffrey (1984). 2241:. Documenting a democracy 2161:South Australian Register 1993:Bound for South Australia 1675:Dutton, Geoffrey (1984). 1542:in October 1856 with the 1538:South Australia became a 1285:and New South Wales. The 1245:. Light decided that the 633:William Wolryche-Whitmore 270:Colony of New South Wales 241: 237: 233: 229: 216: 203: 199: 191: 187: 183: 168: 153: 149: 139: 135: 120: 105: 101: 91: 74: 67: 49: 44: 39: 34: 18:Colony of South Australia 3493:Mills, Richard Charles. 3481:Journal of Legal History 2874:"Hamilton, Edward Angus" 2681:Flinders Ranges Research 1995:. Creative Commons 3.0. 1465:South Australia Act 1834 1441:South Australia Act 1842 1435:South Australia Act 1842 1427:South Australia Act 1842 1132:The fourth ship was the 908:South Australian Company 887:South Australian Company 745:South Australia Act 1834 717:South Australia Act 1834 710:South Australia Act 1834 593:, based on reports from 398:South Australia Act 1842 359:South Australian Company 357:in August 1834, and the 354:South Australia Act 1834 323:South Australia Act 1842 3542:Edward Gibbon Wakefield 3418:"Constitution Act 1934" 3343:"Constitution Act 1934" 3240:Open Government Licence 3078:Thomas Frederick Elliot 2988:Research Data Australia 2742:"Adelaide City Council" 2022:Note: This source says 1826:Migration to New Worlds 1568:federation of Australia 1409:Thomas Frederick Elliot 1304:and settlements in the 979: 811:Jacob Barrow Montefiore 649:Edward Gibbon Wakefield 589:on the western side of 494:Edward Gibbon Wakefield 351:was established by the 318:Edward Gibbon Wakefield 220:Federation of Australia 3562:Pike, Douglas (1967). 3550:Colonel Robert Torrens 3514:Hodder, Edwin (1893). 2714:. "First published in 2016:: CS1 maint: others ( 1925:: CS1 maint: others ( 1828:. Adam Matthew Digital 1512: 1496:, South Australia and 1058: 1046: 959:Lords of the Admiralty 851:at least once a year. 845:His Majesty's Treasury 778: 679: 674: 310: 3483:11.2 (1990): 279-299. 3226:The National Archives 2850:The Argus (Melbourne) 2817:"Digging up the past" 1577:Constitution Act 1934 1572:Constitution Act 1856 1552:Constitution Act 1856 1540:self-governing colony 1532:Further information: 1510: 1470:Parliamentary Enquiry 1119:On 30 March the ship 1061:Further information: 1052: 1041: 989:Further information: 919:Official appointments 906:. It was left to the 776: 763:the disposal of land; 675: 662: 509:The Morning Chronicle 421:self-governing colony 393:on 28 December 1836. 375:Colonel William Light 308: 81:Self-governing colony 3455:– via Austlii. 2777:on 28 February 2011. 1574:was replaced by the 1346:William Bennett Hays 1294:some German settlers 1092:medical practitioner 1012:"Aboriginal Natives" 815:Lt Col George Palmer 751:, also known as the 645:Charles Shaw-Lefevre 406:Legislative Assembly 320:, to 1842, when the 3305:(28 January 2011). 3199:Libraries Australia 2897:Architects Database 2878:Architects Database 2822:Observer (Adelaide) 1590:History of Adelaide 1330:James Hurtle Fisher 1129:with 29 passengers. 967:James Hurtle Fisher 934:The appointment of 925:South Australia Act 861:to the Commission, 838:James Hurtle Fisher 729:, which passed the 451:and the two gulfs ( 3503:Garnett, Richard. 3393:The British Empire 3072:Hayden, Albert A. 2789:"The last gazette" 2411:. 20 November 2020 1803:, Ridgway and Sons 1753:Exploring Adelaide 1513: 1411:, youngest son of 1231:building materials 1191:Colonial Secretary 1059: 1047: 859:Colonial Secretary 849:Secretary of State 832:, who represented 803:J. G. Shaw-Lefevre 797:, Edward Barnard, 779: 777:1835 advertisement 723:Duke of Wellington 387:Governor Hindmarsh 311: 3554:George Fife Angas 3522:George Fife Angas 3041:– via Trove 2611:978-0-522-84459-7 2458:"Montefiore Hill" 2436:findmypast.com.au 2332:978-0-7270-1913-4 1956:. 29 October 2014 1686:978-0-7270-1913-4 1522:Australian Ballot 1283:Van Diemen's Land 1265:Settlement growth 1162:on 16 August and 912:George Fife Angas 795:George Fife Angas 691:George Fife Angas 687:Robert Torrens Sr 469:Swan River Colony 423:in October 1856. 369:on the advice of 303: 302: 299: 298: 295: 294: 275: 274: 170:• 1899–1901 155:• 1836–1838 122:• 1837–1901 107:• 1834–1837 76: • Type 16:(Redirected from 3653: 3602: 3586:Richards, Eric. 3580:Internet archive 3577: 3575: 3573: 3558: 3525: 3457: 3456: 3454: 3452: 3438: 3432: 3431: 3429: 3427: 3422: 3410: 3404: 3403: 3401: 3399: 3385: 3379: 3378: 3376: 3374: 3360: 3354: 3353: 3351: 3349: 3338: 3332: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3322:. 4 January 1856 3316: 3310: 3303: 3297: 3291: 3285: 3284: 3279: 3277: 3256: 3250: 3249: 3237: 3235: 3233: 3217: 3211: 3209: 3207: 3205: 3191: 3185: 3184: 3182: 3180: 3166: 3160: 3159: 3127: 3119: 3113: 3112: 3106: 3102: 3100: 3092: 3087: 3085: 3069: 3063: 3062: 3057: 3049: 3043: 3042: 3040: 3038: 3024: 3018: 3008: 3003: 3001: 2999: 2980: 2971: 2970: 2968: 2966: 2951: 2942: 2941: 2939: 2937: 2918: 2912: 2911: 2909: 2907: 2891:Collins, Julie. 2888: 2882: 2881: 2872:Collins, Julie. 2869: 2863: 2862: 2860: 2858: 2841: 2835: 2834: 2832: 2830: 2813: 2807: 2806: 2804: 2802: 2785: 2779: 2778: 2773:. 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156: 123: 108: 75: 63: 58: 57: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3659: 3649: 3648: 3643: 3638: 3633: 3628: 3623: 3618: 3604: 3603: 3592:SA History Hub 3583: 3559: 3530:Gouger, Robert 3526: 3511: 3501: 3491: 3484: 3477: 3465: 3462: 3459: 3458: 3433: 3405: 3380: 3355: 3333: 3311: 3298: 3286: 3251: 3212: 3186: 3161: 3114: 3105:|website= 3064: 3058:. p. 18. 3044: 3019: 2972: 2943: 2913: 2883: 2864: 2836: 2808: 2780: 2758: 2729: 2698: 2668: 2656:SA History Hub 2643: 2610: 2582: 2556: 2534: 2508: 2475: 2448: 2422: 2392: 2363: 2338: 2331: 2306: 2278: 2252: 2226: 2201: 2175: 2142: 2118: 2078: 2068:(3rd ed.) 2054: 2028: 1967: 1932: 1892: 1864: 1839: 1813: 1789: 1766: 1733: 1692: 1685: 1653: 1652: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1643: 1633: 1625:name authority 1615: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1608: 1607: 1602: 1597: 1592: 1585: 1582: 1529: 1526: 1481: 1478: 1433:Main article: 1430: 1429:: Crown colony 1424: 1392: 1389: 1388: 1387: 1384: 1377: 1376: 1373: 1370: 1367: 1364: 1337: 1334: 1324:was the first 1317: 1314: 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