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processes that have occurred in a specific geological setting. Alluvium is sand, clay, or other similar detrital material deposited by running water. The distinction between colluvium and alluvium relates to the involvement of running water. Alluvium specifically refers to the geomorphic processes
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change based on the paleosols and the remains of plants and animals, invertebrate and vertebrates that they often contain. These fossils indicate previous geologic and environmental settings. Thick accumulations of colluvium often contain well-preserved and sometimes deeply buried archaeological
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refers to the buildup of colluvium at the base of a hillslope. Colluvium is typically loosely consolidated angular material located at the base of a steep hill slope or cliff. Colluvium accumulates as gently sloping aprons or fans, either at the base of or within gullies and hollows within
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and so can indicate past stages of cooler and/or wetter weather. Deposits of detrital colluvium can reveal the soil composition and signify processes of chemical weathering.
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in water currents and eventually deposited. For these same reasons, alluvium is also generally well sorted material while colluvium is not.
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fragments of various sizes. This term is also used to specifically refer to sediment deposited at the base of a hillslope by unconcentrated
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are interdependent and reliant on one another. Distinctions between the two are important in order to properly define the
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involved with flowing water and so alluvium is generally fine-grained clay and silt material that has the capacity to be
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in A. S. Goodie, ed., pp. 173, Encyclopedia of
Geomorphology Volume 1, A–I. Routledge, New York, New York. 1200 pp.
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hillslopes. These accumulations of colluvium can be several meters in thickness and often contain buried soils (
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that have been deposited at the base of hillslopes by either rainwash, sheetwash, slow continuous
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The
Cherokee Excavations: Holocene Ecology and Human Adaptations in Northwestern Iowa.
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Research Series. vol. 8. Center for
American Archeology, Kampsville, Illinois.
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Thick accumulations of colluvium may preserve a rich record of long term
272:"colluvium | rock detritus and soil accumulated at the foot of a slope"
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Loose, unconsolidated sediments deposited at the base of a hillslope
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Koster site archaeology I: stratigraphy and landscape evolution.
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American
Geological Institute, Alexandria, Virginia. 800 pp.
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208:Jackson, JA, J Mehl, and K. Neuendorf (2005)
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301:Field Analysis:Is this a colluvial deposit
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142:The definitions of colluvium and
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128:Greene County, Illinois
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120:Cherokee County, Iowa
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138:Compared to alluvium
210:Glossary of Geology
116:Cherokee Sewer Site
318:2013-02-25 at the
307:2019-06-08 at the
231:Goodie, AS (2003)
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124:Koster Site
330:Categories
281:2015-12-13
196:References
148:geomorphic
122:, and the
105:Importance
233:Colluvium
153:entrained
88:paleosols
58:or sheet
40:sediments
28:Colluvium
316:Archived
305:Archived
185:Illuvium
170:Diluvium
159:See also
144:alluvium
132:glaciers
66:Location
180:Erosion
175:Eluvium
60:erosion
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30:(also
190:Scree
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