380:. Areva would hold a 66% stake to the Nigerien mining office's 33%. At a projected output of five thousand tonnes of ore a year, it would be largest uranium mine in the world by 2012, as the SOMAIR and COMINAK mines are phased out. The deal would make Niger the second largest uranium producer in the world, and included plans to construct a civil nuclear power station for Niger. While Areva officials earlier in the year admitted the security situation makes it impossible to prospect at night, the operations of the mines were by December unaffected by the Tuareg rebellion. Despite the 2007 awarding of nearly 100 prospecting contracts to firms other than Areva, the high-profile Chinese and Canadian projects were in 2009 not yet formalised.
357:, which is hoped to double or triple their production in Niger. In January 2008, Areva signed a deal to invest over 1 billion euros into its three operations in Niger, increasing the share of revenues going to the government of Niger by 50 percent. Areva is also being pressured by the opening for the first time of over 100 concessions for uranium mining in Niger, most notably to Canadian and Chinese firms.
396:
Areva argues that it is a good steward of the environment and a partner in development with the
Nigerien people. The company stresses that most workers it directly employs in Niger are locals, and that the revenue generated by these mines is the single largest foreign exchange source for Niger. When
364:(MNJ) operations in early and mid-2008 affected transport of ore from Arlit. Despite the violence in the Aïr Massif, Areva NC and the Nigerien government were by later 2008 unhindered in their exploitation of the Arlit uranium mines and in the transport of its product by highway to ports in
392:
relationship with the former French colony, having obtained monopoly rights to mine uranium for nearly forty years, while Niger remains (as of 2006) the least developed country in the world. There has been speculation that Areva was the primary vehicle (and motivation) for French government
468:. Plant manufactures zirconium sponge through chemical operations and extractible metallurgical processes. It also values derived products issued from the zirconium process such as hafnium salt, magnesium and silicium, as well as zirconium and hafnium oxides and highly pure hafnium.
412:
In
January 2008, a Swiss human rights group awarded Areva's Niger operations their "2008 Public Eye Global Award" for the "worst company in the world", citing charges of radioactive pollution, poor working conditions, and the deaths of a number of workers. The
525:
Plant established in 1971 with a workforce of 360. Metalworking (melting, forging) and transformation of reactive metals such as zirconium, hafnium, titanium for critical nuclear and aeronautical applications. Plant turns zirconium
349:
The sporadic fighting in the uranium-producing north halted Areva's Niger mining operations in late 2007, and expansion plans were only beginning to resume in
February 2008, while the insecurity and uncertainty remained.
955:"Uranium mining in Niger: mineworkers are not sufficiently informed about health risks, open-air storage of radioactive materials. Workers with cancer are deliberately given a false diagnosis at the company hospital."
1604:
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522:(CNRS) and universities. It conducts research and development of new alloys for fuel assemblies. It develops software for fabrication of zirconium sponge, shaping of zirconium alloys, and conversion processes.
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221:
In June 2001, Cogema became a part of the Topco group which was renamed Areva in
September 2001. In 2006, Cogema became Areva NC and began the construction of a new uranium enrichment plant at the
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401:
in 2005, Areva donated 130,000 euros in June 2005 to the food crisis coordination group of Niger, and 120,000 euros in July in the form of two planes loaded with food and organized by
240:
Areva NC is based in France and with its subsidiaries has a presence in more than 30 countries. It employs approximately 19,000 people worldwide. In France, it operates the
1675:
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743:
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339:
304:). These two mines accounted for 3,093 metric tonnes of uranium in 2005, almost 10 percent of annual global production and 30% of French consumption and 32% of
284:, runs as joint ventures with (minority) stakeholders from the Nigerien government and smaller foreign investors. Arlit was in fact built in the midst of the
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342:, who had resigned from his functions as secretary general of the Nigerien government to take a consulting job with Areva-Niger, was asked by the Nigerian
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490:. This and Duisburg plants pilder mills the Trex as a fuel rod (claddings and guide tubes). Paimboeuf plant also makes zirconium bars for end caps.
326:
On 25 July 2007, the CEO of Areva-Niger, Dominique Pin, was expelled from Niger (although he was in Paris at the time) on charges of supporting the
518:. Also a service center, it employs 25 engineers and technicians in zirconium-based alloys metallurgy and processes. It has partnerships with the
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338:'s government was motivated by negotiations concerning the uranium trade agreement, which was finally renewed on 1 August 2007. Furthermore,
312:. The increase in the cost of uranium on world markets in 2006 (more than 46%) will enable Niger to triple its revenues sourced from Areva.
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to remain in Niger instead of flying to France for an integration workshop until a "clarification of the situation" could be obtained.
888:
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Georges Capus, Pascal
Bourrelier and Moussa Souley. Uranium Mining in Niger; Status and Perspectives of a Top Five Producing Country
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In July 2008, four French workers were kidnapped from Areva operations near Arlit, but quickly released. Nigerien rebels of the
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to support these operations, and has a large expatriate population employed by Areva and its subcontractors. These ventures are
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in March 2006. As a result of restructuring of Areva, Areva NC became part of Orano and changed its name to Orano Cycle.
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semifinished product. Main operations: melt, forge, extrude and recycle. Outputs extruded billets, slabs and bars.
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NGO. Nigerien critics point out that this aid amounted to 0.05% of Areva's annual profits of 428 million euros.
1609:
894:. DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA. (JUNE, 2004).
847:
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636:, Direction Générale de l'Énergie et des Matières Premières, 16 April 2002. Accessed on line 23 December 2007.
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13 January 2008 AREVA strengthens its presence in Niger with the signing of a win-win partnership agreement
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547:"Il travaillait dans un atelier de production chez Cezus, une usine du groupe nucléaire français Areva ."
393:
involvement in the
Nigerien government's poor history of democracy and human rights since the late 1960s.
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At the beginning of 2009, Niger and the French state mining company agreed a deal to build near Arlit the
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501:. Plant rolls (hot and cold) the slab to coils and strips for the structure of the fuel assembly.
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site. In 2008, Areva NC launched the
Comurhex II projects for new uranium conversion plants at
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In 2018, Areva NC changed its name to Orano Cycle to reflect the restructuring of Areva.
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202:(COGEMA). As of 1999, COGEMA was majority owned by CEA (81.5%) with minority owned by
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or CEZUS is a subsidiary of Areva NC. It is the company's front-end operation for
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857:. Rob Foulkes and Daniel Litvin: Critical Resource. mineweb.com 19 September 2008
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601:, Anti-Nuclear Alliance of Western Australia. Accessed on line 23 December 2007.
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624:, Nicholas Pederson, ACDIS occasional paper. Accessed on line 23 December 2007.
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DOUKA ALASSANE MAHAMIDOU. NIGER'S FOREIGN POLICY WITH FRANCE (1974 - 1987),
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762:. By Marie Maitre and Abdoulaye Massalatchi: Reuters. Mon 14 January 2008.
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Areva NC's Niger operations consist of three concessions near the town of
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Groupement des scientifiques pour l'information sur l'énergie nucléaire
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based rebel group fighting in the Arlit area has echoed these charges.
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The company was originally created in 1976. In 2001, it became part of
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899:. UN Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN), 10 October 2007.
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479:. Plant transforms extruded billets into an extruded tube, the trex.
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211:
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24 October 2007 Update on deployment of AREVA health-watch programs
562:
450:
449:". It forms Areva's Fuel Zirconium Division with the ANF plant in
465:
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980:
866:
Guy Martin. "Uranium: A Case-Study in Franco-African
Relations".
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Cezus' primary research and development center, named CRC, is in
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149:, is a French nuclear fuel company. It is the main subsidiary of
248:, the Pierrelatte nuclear site (Tricastin nuclear site) and the
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Compagnie Minière d'Akouta': African
Development Information
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Société des Mines de l'Aïr,: African
Development Information
453:, Germany. It operates five sites in France. The commune of
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950:
498:
441:. It produces "zirconium alloy tubes, bars, and sheets for
388:
Areva has been criticised both in Niger and the west for a
343:
1409:(Bollène, Lapalud, Pierrelatte, Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux)
928:"Peu enrichi à l'uranium ("Not much enriched by uranium")"
192:
was created based on the uranium production activities of
1402:
Meuse/Haute Marne Underground Research Laboratory (Andra)
819:. Anne-Sylvaine Chassany, Bloomberg News. 25 March 2008.
353:
Prior to this, Areva also gained a concession in nearby
732:"Conflit armé dans le nord. Des morts et des réfugiés"
153:
It is an industrial group active in all stages of the
648:, history, Areva. Accessed on line 23 December 2007.
457:
says Cezus is the worldwide number one in zirconium.
1676:
Non-renewable resource companies established in 1976
873:"Niger Renews Mining Deal With Nuclear Giant Areva"
817:"Areva Will Post Loss From Niger Uranium This Year"
684:. World Nuclear Association Annual Symposium, 2004.
789:"Uranium-rich Niger eyes nuclear power generation"
971:By Gustavo Capdevila. BERN, 17 January 2008 (IPS)
962:WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM: The Public Eye Is Watching
773:"Mining for Energy: China's Relations with Niger"
760:Areva renews Niger uranium deal, pays 50 pct more
541:It is the site where Sylvain Mollier, one of the
397:the population of Niger was exposed to a serious
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985:Tuaregs slow, but don't halt, Niger uranium boom
296:) which operates an open pit uranium mine, and
520:French National Centre for Scientific Research
1052:
801:"La course à l'uranium reprend dans le monde"
538:Subsidiary: Société Timet Savoie (titanium).
267:, closed in 2001 when its reserves ran out.
1066:
870:, Vol. 27, No. 4 (Dec., 1989), pp. 625-640.
315:
1059:
1045:
936:(in French). 3 August 2005. Archived from
848:"Areva feels uranium mining heat in Niger"
143:Compagnie générale des matières nucléaires
200:Compagnie Générale des Matières Nucléaire
14:
1696:Nuclear technology companies of France
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1550:1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood
713:"Atomes pas très crochus au Niger" in
383:
1040:
868:The Journal of Modern African Studies
838:. Areva press release (January 2009)
779:. Volume 7, Issue 18 (3 October 2007)
263:. The last mine operation in France,
1681:French companies established in 1976
1671:Energy companies established in 1976
709:
707:
705:
703:
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565:, a site shared by Areva NC and the
255:Orano Cycle has uranium reserves in
951:Swiss human rights group Public Eye
897:Niger: Uranium - Blessing Or Curse?
471:
24:
1701:Uranium mining companies of France
1647:List of nuclear reactors in France
25:
1712:
1686:Manufacturing companies of France
1024:
698:
634:AREVA : un avenir à préparer
567:Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique
371:
195:Commissariat à l'énergie atomique
1631:Nuclear power stations in France
958:Criirad, French anti-nuclear NGO
229:and [Tricastin sites in France.
210:(3.5%). It also owned stakes in
1545:Anti-nuclear movement in France
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1523:(formerly COGEMA and Areva NC)
1008:(Commune of Ugine, 19/09/2012)
953:2008 Public Eye Global Award.
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639:
627:
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308:, but less than 5% of Niger's
275:
242:reprocessing plant at La Hague
40:Compagnie de gestion de Matane
13:
1:
791:. Reuters. Fri 9 January 2009
622:The French Desire for Uranium
578:
545:victims, worked when he died.
362:Movement Nigerien for Justice
265:La Société des Mines de Jouac
235:
1636:Nuclear technology in France
482:
322:Tuareg rebellion (2007–2009)
198:(CEA). Later it was renamed
190:Compagnie générale des mines
7:
1176:(Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux)
1012:(Areva website, 19/09/2012)
569:(CEA) nuclear organization.
550:
10:
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443:pressurized water reactors
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302:Compagnie Minière d'Akouta
294:Société des Mines de l'Aïr
183:
176:; its name was changed to
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737:27 September 2007 at the
611:France and Nuclear Energy
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113:Jean-Jacques Dreher (CEO)
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1555:Death of Sébastien Briat
990:13 December 2007 at the
834:25 February 2009 at the
663:6 September 2008 at the
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316:2007 conflict with Niger
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259:, Canada, Australia and
1626:Nuclear power in France
1540:Accidents and incidents
1393:(Marcoule, Pierrelatte)
1284:Research, experimental,
1068:Nuclear power in France
878:3 February 2008 at the
646:COGEMA becomes AREVA NC
616:16 October 2007 at the
597:1 February 2008 at the
573:Nuclear power in France
328:Second Tuareg Rebellion
1691:Nuclear fuel companies
1407:Tricastin Nuclear Site
1385:Institut Laue–Langevin
1375:CEA Fontenay-aux-Roses
719:, 22 August 2007, p.4
447:boiling water reactors
340:Laouel Kader Mahamadou
27:French nuclear company
1504:Électricité de France
1227:Saint-Laurent (A1/A2)
1000:, London, 11-12-2007.
908:Two examples include:
891:4.5.2 NIGER'S URANIUM
246:Marcoule nuclear site
1340:(under construction)
1334:(under construction)
1276:(under construction)
1247:Power plant reactors
967:27 June 2010 at the
940:on 13 February 2008.
853:7 September 2012 at
744:Le Républicain-Niger
679:: Mining operations.
161:mining, conversion,
1610:Sortir du nucléaire
1512:(formerly Areva NP)
692:7 July 2011 at the
384:Long term relations
49:
1619:Related categories
1363:Research locations
1286:prototype reactors
1259:CP0, CP1, CP2, CPY
1211:Creys-Malville SPX
1033:, official website
933:Le Canard enchaîné
886:, 14 January 2008.
716:Le Canard enchaîné
332:Le Canard enchaîné
169:, and recycling.
155:uranium fuel cycle
47:
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1201:Chinon (A1/A2/A3)
882:. Jade Heilmann,
747:, 23 August 2007
334:, this move from
223:Tricastin nuclear
132:
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16:(Redirected from
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1585:Dominique Voynet
1531:Public discourse
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1301:CEA Paris-Saclay
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777:China Brief
749:(in French)
721:(in French)
390:neocolonial
276:Concessions
137:, formerly
135:Orano Cycle
126:Orano.group
96:Area served
48:Orano Cycle
34:service in
1660:Categories
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1397:CEA Saclay
1387:(Grenoble)
1295:EL-1 (Zoé)
1217:Fessenheim
1144:Gravelines
1089:Belleville
579:References
261:Kazakhstan
236:Operations
206:(15%) and
204:Total S.A.
163:enrichment
151:Orano S.A.
106:Key people
32:rail ferry
1510:Framatome
1432:Tricastin
1420:locations
1351:(concept)
1191:Brennilis
1174:Tricastin
1129:Dampierre
483:Painboeuf
435:zirconium
355:Imouraren
212:Framatome
188:In 1976,
1452:La Hague
1349:Flexblue
1317:Rapsodie
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1104:Cattenom
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988:Archived
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551:See also
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451:Duisburg
178:Areva NC
147:Areva NC
63:Industry
30:For the
1600:CRIIRAD
1437:Eurodif
1427:Malvési
1264:P4, P'4
1206:Chooz A
1196:Bugey 1
1139:Golfech
1094:Blayais
559:program
557:Eurodif
407:Réussir
298:COMINAK
227:Malvési
208:Technip
184:History
159:uranium
121:Website
73:Founded
67:Nuclear
1473:ANCCLI
1457:Manche
1442:Romans
1344:ASTRID
1322:Phénix
1184:Closed
1154:Paluel
1149:Nogent
1119:Civaux
1109:Chinon
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1018:Le Vif
620:, §2,
592:Cogema
528:sponge
516:Savoie
494:Rugles
461:Jarrie
421:France
415:Tuareg
399:famine
290:Somair
286:Sahara
244:, the
216:Eramet
145:) and
139:COGEMA
100:France
89:France
57:Public
38:, see
36:Quebec
18:Cogema
1666:Areva
1516:Orano
1506:(EDF)
1483:Areva
1478:Andra
1159:Penly
1124:Cruas
1114:Chooz
1099:Bugey
532:alloy
512:Ugine
505:Ugine
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426:Cezus
366:Benin
282:Arlit
271:Niger
257:Niger
174:Areva
85:Paris
1338:ITER
1254:UNGG
499:Eure
445:and
344:DGSE
214:and
76:1976
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1494:ASN
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1307:TFR
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405:'s
310:GDP
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