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592:, p. 404. Original in Dutch: "Coffy Gouverneur van de Negers van de Berbice en Capitein Accara laat U Ed. Groet, laat U Ed. weet dat geen Oorlog zoek, maar als UEd. zoek Oorlog de Negers zyn ook klaar.(...) de Gouverneur sal U Ed. geefe de half Berbice en zy luye zal almaal na boven gaan, maar moet niet denke dat de Negers weer Slaven wil zyn, maar de Neger die U Ed. heb op de Scheepe die kan zyn U Ed. Slaven."
203:
The figure of Cuffy standing on top has many symbols. His pouting mouth symbolizes his defiance, the face on his chest forms a symbolic breastplate that gives protection during battle, and the honed faces on his thighs represent revolutionaries from
Guyanese history. He holds in his hands a dog and a
147:
Cuffy was soon accepted by the rebels as their leader and declared himself
Governor of Berbice. Doing so he named Captain Accara as his deputy in charge of military affairs, and tried to establish discipline over the troops. Accara was skilful in military discipline. They organized the farms in order
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of
Suriname attacked, and killed them. On 27 February 1763, a revolt took place on the Hollandia plantation next to Lilienburg. Cuffy is said to have organized the slaves into a military unit, after which the revolt spread to neighbouring plantations. When Dutch Governor Wolfert Simon Van Hoogenheim
159:
committed himself to retake the colony. Accara attacked the whites three times without permission from Cuffy, and eventually the colonists were driven back. Thus began a dispute among the two rebels. On 2 April 1763, Cuffy wrote to Van
Hoogenheim saying that he did not want a war against the whites
577:
Coffy, Governor of the
Negroes of Berbice, and Captain Akara send greetings and inform Your Excellency that they seek no war; but if Your Excellency wants war, the Negroes are likewise ready (...) The Governor will give Your Excellency one half of Berbice, and all the Negroes will go high up the
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October 1763, it was reported to the governor that
Captains Atta had revolted against Cuffy , and that Cuffy had committed suicide. In the meantime, the colonists had already been strengthened by the arrival of soldiers. On 15 April 1764 Captain Accabre, the last of the insurgents, was captured.
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soon followed. Cuffy then ordered his forces to attack the whites in May 1763, but in so doing had many losses. The defeat opened a division among the rebels and weakened their organization. Accara became the leader of a new faction opposed to Cuffy and led to a civil war among themselves. On 19
144:. They agreed to allow the whites to leave the brick house, but as soon they left, the rebels killed many and took several prisoners, among them Sara George, the 19-year-old daughter of the Peerenboom Plantation owner, whom Cuffy kept as his wife.
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This statue is called the 1763 Monument or the Cuffy
Monument. The statue was designed by the Guyanese sculptor Philip Moore. It stands at 15 feet tall and weighs two and a half tons.
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and proposed a partition of
Berbice with the whites occupying the coastal areas and the blacks the interior. Van Hoogenheim delayed his decision replying that the
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had to make that decision and that it would take three to four months. He was waiting for support from neighboring colonies; a ship from
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river, but don't think they will remain slaves. Those
Negroes that Your Excellency has on the ships – they can remain slaves.
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Geschiedenis van de koloniën
Essequebo, Demerary en Berbice, van de vestiging der Nederlanders aldaar tot op onzen tijd
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pig, both being throttled with the dog representing covetousness and greed while the pig represents ignorance.
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Thompson, Alvin O., "The Berbice Revolt 1763-64", in Winston F. McGowan, James G. Rose and David A. Granger (eds),
105:(barrel maker). He was owned by the widow Berkey. On 23 February 1763, slaves on plantation Magdalenenberg on the
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in Guyana since 1970. Cuffy is commemorated in the 1763 Monument in the Square of the Revolution in the capital
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Kars, Marjoleine (2016). "Dodging Rebellion: Politics and Gender in the Berbice Slave Uprising of 1763".
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rebelled, protesting harsh and inhumane treatment. They torched the plantation house, and made for the
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By 3 March, the rebels were 600 in number. Led by Cossala, they tried to take the brick house of
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of more than 3,800 slaves against the colonial regime. Today, he is a national hero in Guyana.
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422:"Wolfert Simon van Hoogenheim in the Berbice slave revolt of 1763-1764"
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sent military assistance to the region, the rebellion had reached the
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The anniversary of the Berbice Rebellion, 23 February, has been
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Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia
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137:. They took gunpowder and guns from the attacked plantations.
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362:, Vol. 1, Westport, Ct: Greenwood Press, 2007, pp. 55–56.
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Beschryving van Guiana, of de wilde kust in Zuid-America
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506:"History: The Berbice uprising, 1763 (Sixth Instalment)"
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The Guyana Story: From Earliest Times to Independence
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and was moving steadily towards the Berbice capital,
388:Slavenhandel MCC (Provincial Archives of Zeeland)
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93:Cuffy lived in Lilienburg, a plantation on the
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360:Encyclopedia of Slave Resistance and Rebellion
172:had already arrived, and reinforcements from
25:1763 Monument on Square of the Revolution in
276:"'Cuffy' – a symbol of struggle and freedom"
219:Emancipation Statue (Haggett Hall, Barbados)
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684:(in Dutch). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.
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245:"'Cuffy' – the hero of the Republic"
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55:man who was captured in his native
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315:Themes in African-Guyanese History
63:to work on the plantations of the
51:, or Koffi (died in 1763), was an
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678:Netscher, Pieter Marinus (1888).
117:and troops commanded by Governor
274:Ramsay, Rehanna (28 July 2013).
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719:Guyanese people of Akan descent
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562:"The Collapse of the Rebellion"
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673:, Amsterdam: Gerrit Tielenburg
468:The American Historical Review
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317:, London: Hansib, 2009. p. 80.
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29:, designed by Guyanese artist
16:Guyanese slave uprising leader
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356:"Berbice Slave Revolt (1763)"
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157:Wolfert Simon van Hoogenheim
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699:Guyanese military personnel
432:(1). Brill Publishers: 20.
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420:Blair, Barbara L. (1984).
384:"Berbice Uprising in 1763"
358:, in Junius P. Rodriguez,
148:to provide food supplies.
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439:10.1163/22134379-90003427
667:Hartsinck, J.J. (1770),
152:Defeat of the rebellion
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481:10.1093/ahr/121.1.39
331:"2013 anniversaries"
77:a major slave revolt
729:18th-century rebels
724:18th-century slaves
354:Cleve McD. Scott,
162:Society of Berbice
75:. In 1763, he led
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27:Georgetown, Guyana
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119:Wigbold Crommelin
89:Berbice Rebellion
83:Berbice Rebellion
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614:Hartsinck 1770
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602:Hartsinck 1770
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542:(1st ed.)
534:Ishmael, Odeen
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408:Hartsinck 1770
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302:Hartsinck 1770
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31:Philip Moore
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714:1763 deaths
135:Fort Nassau
122: [
107:Canje River
99:house-slave
57:West Africa
693:Categories
566:Guyana.org
340:7 February
230:References
195:Georgetown
142:Peerenboom
489:0002-8762
256:28 August
166:Amsterdam
41:Kofi Badu
571:7 August
536:(2005).
518:7 August
393:7 August
287:24 April
208:See also
174:Barbados
170:Suriname
734:Berbice
97:, as a
69:Berbice
61:slavery
648:13 May
546:6 July
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115:Caribs
113:where
103:cooper
101:for a
73:Guyana
126:]
37:Cuffy
650:2022
573:2020
548:2008
520:2020
485:ISSN
395:2020
342:2021
289:2022
258:2024
176:and
53:Akan
49:Kofi
477:doi
473:121
434:doi
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164:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
