Kingdom of Cochin - Knowledge

1831: 3095: 3119: 2279: 3107: 6359: 3143: 287: 3131: 2287: 1702: 1121: 1450:). Succession went via the female line – that is, not to the king's sons, but to his uterine brothers and then to his sisters' sons (i.e. nephews). In theory, the successor should be the next oldest in age among potential candidates. This was later relaxed, and in practice kingship became elective, to ensure the successor was not too old or incompetent. The overlooked true elder was compensated with symbolic or ceremonial dignities (notably the religiously significant title 1727:, named after the king of Portugal) – surrounding the Portuguese factory, in order to protect it from any further attacks from Calicut and on 27 September 1503 the foundations of a timber fort, the first fort erected by the Portuguese in India, were laid. The entire work of construction was commissioned by the local raja, who supplied workers and material. In 1505, the stone fortress replaced the wooden fort. Later, for a better defence of the town, a fort called 2910: 190: 2298: 886: 88: 2662: 754: 47: 1910: 3155: 1114: 2731: 1305: 1521:) (on the east side of the lagoon). Drawn from the Brahmin class, the Edapalli royal family followed different rules of succession. In the early 1400s, the king of Edapalli had married a sister of the Elaya branch of Perumpadappu, and so their son was doubly royal heir to two houses – via father to Edapalli, via mother to Perumpadappu . But he was apparently not first in the line of succession to Perumpadappu. 625: 3055:, then fourth in line to the succession when she was fourteen years old in 1888. Her husband ascended the throne as a result of the abdication of his predecessor. Since the Maharaja was a scholar and had other interests, she took over the finances of the state. Under her guidance salaries were quadrupled and the increased revenue earned her a 17-gun salute. Parukutty Nethyar Amma was awarded the 1619:, who attacked Cochin in the name of justice for the relatives. The Zamorin's armies were eventually successful and imposed a settlement, which confined the king of Cochin to his domains, and extracted an oath of vassalage to Calicut. The kingdom of Cochin was required to obtain the Zamorin's consent during succession, and obliged to provide annual tribute and troops to the Zamorin's campaigns. 1632: 1546:) came to be referred to as the "kingdom of Cochin", and the capital of the kingdom shifted from Kodungallur to Vypin in present-day Kochi. During the new kingdom, rules were changed to confine succession within the Elaya branch of Cochin, rather across all branches of Perumpadappu (much to the chagrin of the branches). 1689:

arrived at Cochin, and the friendship was renewed. Vasco da Gama later bombarded Calicut and destroyed the Arab factories there. This enraged the Zamorin, the ruler of Calicut, and he attacked Cochin after the departure of Vasco da Gama and destroyed the Portuguese factory. The raja of Cochin and his

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in the 12th century, along with numerous other provinces Perumpadappu Swarupam became a free political entity. However, it was only after the arrival of Portuguese on the Malabar Coast that the Perumpadappu Swarupam acquires any political importance. Perumpadappu rulers had family relationships with

1798:

The raja of Cochin continued to rule with the help of the Portuguese. Meanwhile, the Portuguese secretly tried to enter into an alliance with the Zamorin. A few later attempts by the Zamorin to conquer the Cochin port were thwarted by the raja of Cochin with the help of the Portuguese. Slowly, the

1524:

In the early 1400s, the King of Edapalli granted part of his lands, specifically southern Vypin island and northern part of Karapuram peninsula around the new break, as an appanage fief for his prince son. It was originally not supposed to be a permanent cession, but rather to serve as a training

1622:

This was roughly the situation when the Portuguese arrived in 1500. The kingdom of Cochin was half-in-vassalage, half-at-war with the Zamorin of Calicut. The king of Cochin, Unni Goda Varda (referred to as "Trimumpara Raja" in Portuguese chronicles) was grating at the settlement. He perceived an

1799:

Portuguese armoury at Cochin was increased, presumably to help the king protect Cochin. And for a long a time, right after Goa, Cochin situated in the center of East Indies, was the best place Portugal had in India. From there the Portuguese exported large volumes of spices, particularly pepper.

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Other powerful lords around these areas were Cheranellore Karthavu who was the head of the Anchi Kaimals, Muriyanatt (Mukundapuram-Nadavarambu) Nambiar who was the head of Arunattil Prabhus, Kodassery Kartha Mappranam Prabhu-Vellose Nair, Changaramponnath Kartha, Chengazhi Nambiar (Chengazhinad

1536:

The growing wealth of Cochin gave the junior prince in Cochin power and ascendancy, eventually enabling him to assert himself as king over senior relatives from other branches of the Perumpadappu dynasty, as well as allowing him to detach Cochin from Edapalli, and chart his own separate course.

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1740 that shows the area of AnjiKaimal as almost twice as large as the Cochin State. The other chiefs he mentions quoting Gollennesse (Dutch East India Company) is the 1) Moorianatt Nambiar 2) Paliath Achan (mentioned above), 3)Codacherry (Kotasseri) Kaimal, 4) Caimalieone (female Kaimal) of

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Corretty, 5) Changera Codda Kaimal, and 6) Panamoocattu Kaimal (Panambakadu Kaimal). The last four Kaimals are known as the Kaimals of Nandietter Nadu. The Kaimals of Nandietter Nadu had Nayar troops of 43,000 according to Heer Van Reede of the Dutch East India Company from 1694.

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There is no extant written evidence about the emergence of the kingdom of Cochin or of the Cochin royal family, also known as Perumpadapu Swaroopam. All that is recorded are folk tales and stories, and a somewhat blurred historical picture about the origins of the ruling dynasty.

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As the waterways connecting Cranganore to the sea were silting up, commercial traffic began re-directing away from Cranganore to the new break at Cochin, and merchant families began to relocate and set up warehouses and eventually homes there. The once-great old port city of

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Retirement was also forced – it was customary and expected for a king to retire upon reaching a certain old age or military inability, withdrawing to take up a religious life. Power was passed over to his successor, or to a regent until the successor came of age.

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Finally, the arrival of the Portuguese on the Indian subcontinent in the sixteenth century likely influenced Cochin politics. The kingdom of Cochin was among the first Indian nations to sign a formal treaty with a European power, negotiating trade terms with

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ground, to allow the heir to cultivate his governing skills. Upon succession to his father, he was expected to move across the lagoon to Edapalli, and cede Cochin as a seat to the next heir. As the ruler was always a prince in training, he was addressed as "

690:), but in 1341, the capital was moved to Cochin to remedy a disastrous flood. By the early 15th century, Cochin lost its ability to fully defend itself. By the late 15th century, the kingdom had shrunk to its minimal extent as a result of invasions by the 1410:

Although losing their northern homeland and original capital, the Perumpadappu dynasty maintained a kingdom over a vast area in central Kerala (still formally referred to as "Perumpadappu Swaroopam"). Their state stretched from Pukkaitha in the north,

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mentions the Anji Kaimals whose Chief was the Cheranellur Kartha as owning all of Eranakulam. In fact, Eranakulam is known as Anji Kaimal in the early maps of Kerala. See Dutch in Malabar (Dutch Records No 13), 1910 shows a map from

1953:. Over a span of 21 years he helped the king of Cochin to transform Cochin into the safest harbour in south Asia, where ships berthed alongside the newly reclaimed inner harbour, which was equipped with a long array of steam cranes. 1566:, and Kochi, were commercially important secondary ports, where the traders from various parts of the world would gather. On the Malabar coast during the early 15th century, Calicut and Cochin were in an intense rivalry, so the 2259:. Around 1755 Penvazithampuran (Female Thampuran) and the other Kochuthampurans (other Thampurans) left Vellarapalli and started to live in Thripunithura. Thus Thripunithura became the capital of the Cochin Royal Family. 713:

and Cranganore, the later of which had even been at the centre of the kingdom historically. Cochin was looking for an opportunity to preserve its independence, which was at risk. King Unni Goda Varma warmly welcomed

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consequently had negative results for Cochin, as the Zamorin of Calicut later launched an invasion against Cochin. In the late 15th century, the Zamorin occupied Cochin and installed his representative as the king.

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Succession often led to quarrels among the five branches. The Zamorin of Calicut exploited these family quarrels, sometimes in the role of arbitrator, allowing him to increase his influence in the southern kingdom.

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called on the assistance of the Dutch for help in overthrowing the Cochin Raja. The Dutch successfully landed at Njarakal and went on to capture the fort at Pallippuram, which they handed over to the Zamorin.

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attacked Vanneri in the later part of the 13th century, Perumpadapu Swaroopam shifted their capital from Vanneri to Mahodayapuram. In 1405, Perumpadapu Swaroopam changed their capital from Mahodayapuram to

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on 24 December 1500 and negotiated a treaty of alliance between Portugal and the Cochin kingdom, directed against the Zamorin of Calicut. A number of forts were built in the area and controlled by the

3426:. Festschrift in Honour of Prof. K. S. Mathew (2001). Edited by: Pius Malekandathil and T. Jamal Mohammed. Fundacoa Oriente. Institute for Research in Social Sciences and Humanities of MESHAR (Kerala) 3071:

Members of the dynasty are spread all over the world. The family is one of the world's largest royal families, numbering more than 1000 people, and many members of the family still live in and around

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of Vanneri from the beginning of the 12th century to the end of the 13th century. Even though the capital of Perumpadapu Swaroopam was in Vanneri, the Perumpadapu king had a palace in Mahodayapuram.

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The conflict between the upstart king of Cochin and his relatives of Perumpadappu branches (eager to recover their role) and Edapalli (eager to recover its land), drew in the interference of the

5990: 1984:, and its first Municipal Council election with a board of 18 members was conducted in 1883. The Maharajah of Cochin initiated local administration in 1896 by forming town councils in 3118: 1992:. In 1925, a Kochi legislative assembly was also constituted to help the public participate in the administration. The assembly consisted of 45 members, 10 were officially nominated. 3100:

Chazhoor village holds the ancient palace of Chazhoor (Chazur) kovilakom. This is the root (moola thavazhi) of the Cochin royal family, in Thrissur district (Perumpadappu swaroopam).

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to the south. Towards the early 20th century, trade at the port had increased substantially and the king wanted to develop the port even further. The king brought a harbour engineer

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Ali Raja seized and set fire to the palace of Kolathiri Raja. The latter escaped with his followers to the then-British settlement at Tellicherry. After the victory, Ali entered the

4742: 2525:. He was the last official ruler of the princely state of Cochin. He had signed, in 1949, the accession agreement to Indian Union. The integration was completed in another year. 4676: 2201:), which may be the reason that Perumpadapu Swaroopam changed their capital to Cochin from Mahodayapuram. Moreover, in the year 1341 a flood created an island, Puthuvippu ( 1875:

in 1763, he promptly asked Ali to invade Kerala and help him deal with the Zamorin of Calicut. The Muslim chieftain of Cannanore, an old rival of the neighbouring powerful

2240:. At that time Penvazithampuran (Female Thampuran) and the other Kochuthampurans (other Thampurans except the Valliathampuran (King)) stayed at a palace in Vellarapilly. 1735:

and a small fleet were left in Cochin. Meanwhile, the Zamorin of Calicut formed a massive force and attacked them. For five months, Cochin kingdom was able to drive back

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The Perumpadappu dynasty eventually produced five branches (Mutts, Elaya, Pallurutti, Madattumkil and Chaliyur), each with its own family seat, retainers and military of

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divided the land in half, 17 "amsa" north of Neelaeswaram and 17 amsa south, totaling 34 amsa, and gave his powers to his nephews and sons. Thirty-four kingdoms between

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For administrative purposes, Cochin was divided into seven taluks.(from 1860 to 1905 AD) Chittur, Cochin, Cranganore, Kanayannur, Mukundapuram, Trichur and Talapilly.

600: 3142: 5983: 4747: 4778: 3083:), and other parts of Kochi. The current head of the Royal Family of Cochin is Smt. Mrinalini Thampuran (b. 1925) who is 97 years old and resides in Tripunithura. 6067: 5952: 4562: 6100: 5976: 4169: 4097: 2576: 2275:. The Maharaja of Cochin was also called Gangadhara Kovil Adhikaarikal, meaning Head of all Temples. The kings followed matrilineal system of inheritance. 3186: 2572: 4034: 3862: 3954: 3106: 1623:

alliance with Portuguese arms as way to overthrow the Zamorin's power, recover Cochin's independence and impose his ascendancy over his relatives.

2770:, played an important part in the politics of Cochin State since the early seventeenth century, and held hereditary rights to the ministership of 8253: 8243: 4826: 2590: 2563: 1901:. Mysore appointed Raja as military governor and Madonna (a former revenue officer) as civil governor of the newly acquired province of Malabar. 4983: 4973: 3558: 1658:, thus opening a direct sea route from Europe to India. Cochin was the scene of the first European settlement in India. In the year 1500, the 8279: 4948: 4902: 6358: 3765:

Cochin State- Instrument of Accession and Standstill Agreement signed between Kerala Varma, Ruler of Cochin State and the Dominion of India

1529:" (meaning 'junior lord' or 'junior king'), thus the fief became known as "Kochi/Cochin" after him. So the original "kingdom of Cochin" ( 4988: 4953: 4943: 4722: 3735: 3600: 2271:, is the person traditionally believed to be the first Maharaja of Cochin. The written records of the dynasty, however, date from 1503 6652: 3047:

family. Her father Kuroor Narayanan Namboothirippad, belonged to a family that traditionally had the honour of anointing the Kings of

2217:) port lost its importance, which may also be a cause for the shift of the capital. From there on Perumpadapu Swaroopam used the name 1574:(可亦里) to the Chinese. Calicut had been the dominant port-city in the region, but Cochin was emerging as its main rival. For the fifth 4998: 4958: 1830: 8284: 6093: 6748: 6698: 3027:

Rama Varma (popularly known as Madrassil Theepetta Thampuran), who reigned from 1914 to 1932, was assisted by a particularly able

8238: 5245: 4593: 4567: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4450: 4270: 1502:(Cochin) rose in wealth and importance. The urban center of the early city developed on relatively high ground in the village of 1335: 8124: 152: 8319: 4686: 1590:(鎮國之山, Mountain Which Protects the Country). Zheng He delivered a stone tablet, inscribed with a proclamation composed by the 124: 8134: 8034: 5018: 4732: 4557: 4552: 1470:

The future city of Cochin was originally just a small village along a long embankment. Violent floods and overflows of the

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class. These wives of the male members are not Ranis or Queens as per the matrilineal system but instead get the title of

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also sided with Cochin. Many of the members of the royal family of Cochin in 16th and 17th centuries were selected from

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The original owners of the territory of what later became Cochin city was the Ellangallur royal family of the Rajas of

105: 60: 8304: 7814: 5968: 4978: 4968: 4867: 4727: 3542: 3525: 1670:. The Raja of Cochin welcomed the Portuguese and a treaty of friendship was signed. The raja allowed them to build a 250: 232: 171: 74: 5223: 3916: 2834:

The term "Shodasakriyakal" refers to sixteen rites to be performed by all members, as structured through "Smruthi".

8324: 8233: 8144: 5100: 5008: 4681: 2493:(1932–1941) – Dhaarmika Chakravarthi (King of Dharma), Chowara-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Chowara") 2433:(Veera Kerala Varma) (1809–1828) – Karkidaka Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "karkidaka" month(ME)) 138: 4060: 8223: 3630: 2585: 2581: 1204: 842: 452: 199: 8093: 3889: 2900:

Agniadhaanam: A rite performed as an extension of Oupaasanam and introduction to Sroutha rites, after the death.

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The palace at Kalvathhi was originally the residence of the kings. In 1555, though, the royal palace moved to

120: 8047: 8008: 5110: 5105: 5013: 4993: 4123: 4038: 3866: 1208: 8299: 8021: 7995: 4445: 3964: 1558:, also known as Calicut, held superior economic and political position on the medieval Kerala coast, while 1533:) started off as a small Edapalli offshoot, distinct and separate from the much larger Perumpadappu state. 17: 3154: 2891:

Godaanam: Rites as part of thanks-giving to the Aacharyan (priest or teacher), which includes giving cows.

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Both the female and male members are called by the name "Thampuran" and have same last name (Thampuran).

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friars to stay in the kingdom). Assured by the offer of support, the raja declared war on his enemy, the

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Sekom (Garbhaadhaanam): A rite to be performed just before the first sexual intercourse after marriage.

2457:(Veera Kerala Varma) (1851–1853) – Kashi-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Kashi" or Varanasi) 1929:. Even prior to the signing of the treaty, there is evidence of English residents in Kochi. During the 1918: 1893:

After taking Calicut in a bloody battle, Ali, with a large amount of money, marched south-east towards

1281: 1091: 1008:, are collections of myths and legends that are less than reliable as conventional historical sources. 739: 1442:

The Perumpadappu (and future Cochin) royal dynasty followed matriarchal rules of succession common in

675:. It commenced at the early part of the 12th century and continued to rule until its accession to the 8294: 5487: 4963: 4752: 4455: 4313: 4303: 2968:

In the Cochin royal family all the male Thampurans were named according to the following convention.

2553: 1942: 1838:, built in 1744 by Dutch traders, is one of the oldest existing Dutch palaces outside the Netherlands 1815: 877:

from the Edappally rulers to the Perumpadappu rulers, the latter came to be known as kings of Kochi.

3566: 2860:(Upa)nishkramanam (Vaathilpurappadu): Involves taking the child out of the house for the first time. 730:

protectorate (1503–1663) providing assistance against native and foreign powers in India. After the

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In the Cochin royal family the female Thampurans were named according to the following convention.

2655: 1993: 1541: 1366: 1354: 1290: 735: 339: 2505:(Ravi Varma Kunjappan Thampuran) (1943–1946) – Kunjappan Thampuran (Brother of Midukkan Thampuran) 1980:, according to the Madras Act 10 of 1865 (Amendment of the Improvements in Towns act 1850) of the 1890:

and occupied it, with assistance from native Muslims, after some resistance by the Kottayam army.

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After securing the throne for the Raja of Cochin, the Portuguese got permission to build a fort –

1698:

and the oncoming monsoons alarmed the Zamorin. Calicut recalled the army and abandoned the siege.

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The Naalukettu (Kerala style of joint family house) of Chazhoor royal family is in this village.

2226: 1663: 1407:, who then conquered parts of Perumpadappu kingdom, and tried to assert his suzerainty over it. 715: 8103: 7548: 7194: 5231: 4872: 4841: 4831: 4717: 4256: 3763: 3032: 3019: 1732: 1695: 1694:

Island. However, the arrival of a small reinforcement Portuguese fleet and, some days later of

1671: 1321: 1285: 1228: 719: 539: 492: 203: 145: 66: 3992: 3276: 2451:(1844–1851) – Thrishur-il Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Thrishivaperoor" or Thrishur) 2278: 7902: 6521: 6478: 6408: 4811: 4806: 4542: 4417: 3739: 3608: 1981: 1819: 1599: 1232: 1188: 1139: 762: 723: 2469:(1864–1888) – Mithuna Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Mithunam" month (ME)) 852:

The kingdom of Cochin, originally known as Perumpadappu Swarupam, was under the rule of the

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Perumpadappu swaroopam in terms of power but much larger in terms of wealth and land owned.

2594: 2539: 2535: 2522: 2518: 2475:(1888–1895) – Chingam Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Chingam" month (ME)) 1850:

after various encounters with the Portuguese and their allies. Discontented members of the

1803: 1575: 1570:

of China decided to intervene by granting special status to Cochin and its ruler, known as

1053:) were given to the "thampuran" who was the daughter of the last niece of Cheraman Perumal. 2463:(1853–1864) – Makara Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Makaram" month (ME)) 214: 8: 8070: 7692: 5064: 4917: 4354: 4344: 4298: 4293: 3449:

Sen, Tansen (2016). "The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions".

3056: 2439:(1828–1837) – Thulam-Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Thulam" month (ME)) 2218: 1883: 1851: 1635: 1631: 1362: 1276: 1252: 846: 747: 303: 4200: 3728: 2445:(1837–1844) – Edava-Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Edavam" month (ME)) 319:

Semi-Independent Kingdom; Subordinately alliance with the East India Company (1799–1815)

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himself, to Cochin. As long as Cochin remained under the protection of Ming China, the

1378: 1180: 1172: 1144: 1042: 970: 822: 698: 691: 5998: 1598:

was unable to invade Cochin and a military conflict was averted. The cessation of the

1080:, but according to some historians the division might have occurred during the Second 7489: 6772: 6765: 6719: 6594: 6488: 6230: 6171: 6109: 6033: 5548: 5543: 5512: 5411: 5299: 5253: 5142: 4851: 4656: 4651: 4603: 4526: 4427: 4422: 4394: 4117: 3521: 3148:

Late Shri KeralaVarma Appukuttan Thampuran (1943–2012), a member of Chazhur Kovilakam

3048: 3036: 2016: 2008: 2000: 1950: 1868: 1807: 1788: 1773: 1765: 1659: 1639: 1176: 1099: 906: 894: 814: 798: 766: 727: 676: 618: 412: 313: 4009: 3792: 8248: 7738: 7714: 7682: 7134: 6729: 6038: 5919: 5874: 5849: 5708: 5669: 5573: 5502: 5492: 5386: 5325: 4927: 4623: 4572: 4404: 4369: 3458: 3181: 2941: 2894:

Samaavarthanam: A long ritual for the completion of the above said Vedic education.

2430: 2427:(1805–1809) – Vellarapalli-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Vellarapali") 2268: 2198: 2012: 1961: 1934: 1755: 1743: 1655: 1248: 1236: 1212: 946: 810: 2481:(Sir Sri Rama Varma) (1895–1914) – aka Rajarshi, Abdicated Highness (died in 1932) 1925:

and its territory, were ceded to the United Kingdom in exchange for the island of

8060: 7982: 7336: 6318: 5844: 5829: 5789: 5738: 5698: 5684: 5664: 5629: 5593: 5583: 5538: 5482: 5472: 5361: 5289: 5156: 5059: 4922: 4480: 4137: 3931: 3711: 3686: 3661: 2823: 2549: 2496: 2490: 2454: 2448: 2405: 1946: 1835: 1728: 1674:

at Cochin (and upon Cabral's departure Cochin allowed thirty Portuguese and four

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at the juncture where Cochin now sits, separating the long Cochinese peninsula (

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A parenthetical number indicates that the incumbent has previously held office.

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This naming convention is followed again to the third daughter and fourth etc.

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The Cochin royal family followed the system of matrilineal succession known as

2767: 2545: 2487:(1914–1932) – Madrasil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in Madras or Chennai) 2484: 2472: 2466: 2442: 2290: 2206: 1701: 1591: 1046: 966: 790: 770: 731: 416: 326: 322: 3840: 3462: 3305: 8268: 7462: 7418: 7049: 6936: 6217: 6015: 5934: 5929: 5763: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5694: 5644: 5639: 5533: 5467: 5406: 5396: 5391: 5366: 5340: 5284: 5049: 4882: 4783: 3593: 3201: 3191: 3072: 3044: 3028: 2945: 2876: 2819: 2763: 2557: 2478: 2460: 2436: 2411: 2301: 2256: 2244: 2136: 1926: 1887: 1843: 1811: 1720: 1686: 1471: 1244: 1240: 1156: 1148: 1081: 962: 605: 350: 7813:

1975 is the year of East Timor's Declaration of Independence and subsequent

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until his remains were returned to Portugal in 1539. Soon after the time of

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in 1919 for public work and came to be known as Lady Rama Varma of Cochin.

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was built on Vypeen Island. At the departure of the Portuguese fleet, only

1713: 1567: 1503: 1309: 1261: 1057: 996: 830: 826: 802: 672: 394: 358: 3691:(Vol.2 ed.). Madras: The Superintendent, Government Press. p. 20 3663:

Imperial Census of 1881 Operations and Results in the Presidency of Madras

3638: 7925: 7405: 7382: 7369: 7115: 6979: 6885: 6007: 5894: 5884: 5834: 5824: 5809: 5768: 5733: 5723: 5713: 5634: 5578: 5553: 5447: 5437: 5381: 5371: 5265: 5212: 5202: 5149: 4631: 4588: 4547: 4500: 4475: 4379: 3506:

DC Books, Kottayam (2007), A. Sreedhara Menon, A Survey of Kerala History

3263:

A Survey of Kerala History, A. Sreedhara Menon, DC Books, Kottayam (2007)

2926: 2919: 2866: 2810:. Traditionally the female members of the family marry (Sambandham) with 2096: 2024: 1957: 1930: 1760: 1675: 1495: 1479: 1374: 1256: 1160: 958: 950: 857: 778: 683: 346: 31: 6431: 3666:((Vol II) ed.). Madras: E.Keys at the Government Press. p. 444 2197:

conquered Thrikkanamathilakam and it became a threat for Mahodayapuram (

1764:) became one of the earliest Portuguese colonies in India. The ruler of 8193: 8167: 7769: 7719: 7059: 7019: 6642: 6574: 5914: 5814: 5563: 5477: 5462: 5421: 5416: 5401: 5335: 5254: 4661: 4339: 4064: 2872: 2848: 2841: 2811: 2794: 2703: 2607: 2272: 2214: 2177:

The capital of Perumpadapu Swaroopam was located at Chitrakooda in the

2092: 2004: 1969: 1938: 1922: 1894: 1724: 1396: 1386: 1192: 1164: 1073: 1065: 1061: 914: 910: 893:

During 1800 to 1947, the kingdom of Cochin included much of modern-day

687: 6442: 2909: 7428: 7238: 6292: 6266: 6194: 5804: 5197: 4666: 4334: 4329: 4183:

Kashrut, Caste and Kabbalah: The Religious Life of the Jews of Cochin

3959: 3915:

Education, Kerala (India) Department of; Menon, A. Sreedhara (1965).

3893: 3769:. New Delhi: Ministry of States, Government of India. 1947. p. 2 3688:

Madras District Gazetteers, Statistical Appendix For Malabar District

2297: 2110: 2020: 1989: 1973: 1876: 1864: 1751: 1667: 1651: 1555: 1540:

As a result of this transition, the large "kingdom of Perumpadappu" (

1392: 1152: 1050: 1029: 926: 918: 866: 834: 806: 794: 368: 6078: 3411:"Kingdom of Cochin & the Cochin Royal Family. Genealogy project" 2661: 885: 87: 7915: 7662: 7525: 7502: 7479: 7326: 7290: 6910: 6541: 6305: 5939: 5207: 5187: 5069: 4374: 3080: 3076: 3060: 3052: 3024: 2308: 2248: 2237: 2185: 2153: 1977: 1964:

until 1956, was made a municipality on 1 November 1866, along with

1579: 1514: 1439:), which was the oldest male member of all five branches together. 1416: 1168: 954: 938: 930: 786: 782: 710: 706: 668: 382: 354: 8180: 753: 7863: 7792: 7749: 7626: 7359: 7253: 6956: 6905: 6685: 6616: 6564: 6511: 6207: 4613: 4389: 4004: 4002: 3211: 2923: 2730: 2194: 2149: 2066: 1909: 1898: 1784: 1679: 1616: 1612: 1400: 1382: 1370: 1358: 1113: 942: 902: 898: 818: 398: 342: 4238: 1996:

was the first woman to be a member of any legislature in India.

7877: 7652: 7346: 7179: 7158: 7009: 6914: 6875: 6865: 6663: 6605: 6465: 6398: 6331: 6253: 5649: 4349: 3631:"CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF CENTRAL ACTS (Updated up to 17-10-2014)" 3424:

The Portuguese, Indian Ocean and European Bridgeheads 1500–1800

2933: 2771: 2252: 2190: 2032: 1965: 1872: 1847: 1781: 1776:

forces under the king fought for the Zamorin of Calicut in the

1647: 1563: 1559: 1443: 1404: 1077: 974: 934: 838: 774: 702: 6792: 4743:

St. Mary's Syro-Malabar Catholic Cathedral Basilica, Ernakulam

3999: 3544:

Tuhfat-al-Mujahidin: An Historical Work in The Arabic Language

1999:

Cochin was the first princely state to willingly join the new

7759: 7395: 7316: 7266: 7145: 7039: 7029: 6946: 6926: 6842: 6832: 6758: 6584: 6452: 6148: 4691: 4677:

Syro-Malabar Catholic Major Archeparchy of Ernakulam-Angamaly

4279: 4243: 3710:

HENRY FROWDE, M.A., Imperial Gazetteer of India (1908–1909).

2202: 1705: 1691: 1499: 1487: 1184: 1076:. There are no written records on these earlier divisions of 922: 889:

Cochin in the 1960s, just a few years after joining the union

874: 870: 664: 643: 570: 463: 402: 4104:. India. 2003. Archived from the original on 8 December 2003 738:(1663–1795) was an ally of Cochin. That was followed by the 6989: 4671: 3520:. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. pp. 631–666. 3040: 2863:

Choroonu: The first ceremonial intake of rice by the child.

2815: 1428: 423: 7817:. In 2002, East Timor's independence was fully recognized. 4748:

St. George Syro-Malabar Catholic Forane Church, Edappally

3540: 7220: 3796: 3112:

Vadakke kettu (nalukettu in the north side of the Palace)

1933:, the Princely State of Cochin was surrounded by British 1586:

of Cochin and designate a mountain in his kingdom as the

4779:

Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre

4248: 3890:"Emergence of Kingdom of Cochin and Cochin Royal Family" 3326: 1937:

to three sides (i.e., To north, west, and east), and by

1015:

contains an additional account of the dynastic origins:

6068:

List of princely states of British India (alphabetical)

5953:

List of princely states of British India (alphabetical)

3709: 2247:

started gaining prominence. The kingdom was ruled from

809:-speaking regions of Travancore-Cochin merged with the 765:

merged with the kingdom of Cochin to form the state of

3451:

Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies

2985: 2603: 4563:

International Container Transshipment Terminal, Kochi

3605:

Robert Charles Bristow employed to develop Kochi port

3590:

Kochi Rajyacharithram by KP Padmanabha Menon. P(1914)

2552:– stripped of official recognition in 1971 under the 2003:

in 1947. India became a republic on 26 January 1950.

1904: 1879:, was an active ally of Mysore under the occupation. 1474:

in 1341 forced the opening of the outlet between the

701:

arrived in India, the kingdom of Cochin had lost its

7834: 3921:. Superintendent of Government Presses. p. 128. 2963: 1750:, sided with the Portuguese against his overlord at 1549: 1377:(Cranganore) in the early medieval period, when the 3952: 3887: 3187:

List of topics on the Portuguese Empire in the East

2599:

Ravi Varma VII (2020–present) – Mrinalini Thampuran

2529: 112:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3762: 3761:"Instrument of Accession of the State of Cochin". 3039:Vadakke Kurupath family which was an aristocratic 1626: 8330:Former British colonies and protectorates in Asia 4228:Chazhoor Copperplate, S. Rajendu, Kottayam, 2015. 3934:. Kerala Legislature. Retrieved on 22 April 2014. 8266: 4913:St.Treasas Convent Girls Higher Secondary School 2879:, known as poonool in Malayalam (only for boys). 1858: 1842:Portuguese alliance was followed by that of the 1739:, with the help of Pacheco Pereira and his men. 1353:The original headquarters of the kingdom was at 8254:Theory of the Portuguese discovery of Australia 8244:Portuguese Empire in the Indonesian Archipelago 7955: 4984:Rajagiri School of Engineering & Technology 4827:Mar Augustine Kandathil Memorial Lisie Hospital 4225:History of Kerala, KP Padmanabha Menon, Vol. 2. 3361: 3359: 2814:Brahmins while male members marry women of the 1685:In 1502, a new expedition under the command of 1422: 742:(1795–1858, confirmed on 6 May 1809) after the 4974:School of Communication and Management Studies 4027: 3914: 3586: 3584: 3444: 3442: 3440: 3438: 3436: 3434: 3432: 3340: 3338: 2869:: The first haircut ceremony of the boy/ girl. 2418: 2262: 1498:(Cranganore) declined as the new port-city of 1084:kingdom at the beginning of the 12th century. 6094: 5984: 5239: 4949:National University of Advanced Legal Studies 4903:Sacred Heart Higher Secondary School, Thevara 4264: 4197:History of Travancore from the Earliest Times 3551: 3417: 2918:Paradevatha (goddess): Vannery Chitrakoodam, 2027:was removed from it. On 1 November 1956, the 1825: 1690:Portuguese allies were forced to withdraw to 1329: 3678: 3659: 3356: 3066: 1814:, the Portuguese viceroy, who was buried at 1506:(now a district in Kochi city, once called " 1435:) came together under a common ruling king ( 1060:recorded the division of his kingdom in 345 27:Monarchy in India (before 12th century–1949) 4989:Federal Institute of Science and Technology 4954:Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute 4944:Cochin University of Science and Technology 4723:Thamaramkulangara Sree Dharma Sastha Temple 3925: 3581: 3429: 3335: 2857:Naamakaranam: Naming ceremony of the child. 2359:Rani Gangadharalakshmi (1656–1658, regency) 1822:, Portuguese influence in Kerala declined. 1666:landed at Cochin after being repelled from 682:Historically, the capital of Cochin was in 671:kingdom in the central part of present-day 75:Learn how and when to remove these messages 6101: 6087: 5991: 5977: 5246: 5232: 4271: 4257: 3684: 3299: 2801: 1336: 1322: 897:excluding Chavakkad taluk, a few areas of 299:Independent Kingdom (12th Century CE–1370) 285: 213:. Please do not remove this message until 7576: 4999:SCMS School of Engineering and Technology 4959:Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit 4035:"Cochin Royal Family History – Post-1715" 3863:"Cochin Royal Family History – Post-1715" 3013: 1867:conquered Cochin. After his conquest of 663:, named after its capital in the city of 251:Learn how and when to remove this message 233:Learn how and when to remove this message 172:Learn how and when to remove this message 3534: 3271: 3269: 3160:Chazhur Kovilakam Vadakkekettu – Maalika 2940:), Tiruvanchikulathappan (Lord Shiva of 2908: 2854:Jathakarmam: Performed just after birth. 2844:: To be performed just after conception. 2307: 2296: 2285: 2277: 1908: 1829: 1700: 1630: 884: 752: 209:Relevant discussion may be found on the 8239:Portuguese colonization of the Americas 4568:Kerala State Civil Supplies Corporation 4496:Kerala State Water Transport Department 4491:Kerala State Road Transport Corporation 4486:Kerala Urban Road Transport Corporation 3716:(New ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press 2785:Naduvazhi), and Edappali Nampiyathiri. 2320: 1642:as a gift to Raja Veera Kerala Varma I 1465: 30:Not to be confused with the Kingdom of 14: 8267: 6371: 4687:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Verapoly 4239:Cochin Royal Family Historical Society 3738:. Corporation of Kochi. Archived from 3607:. Corporation of Kochi. Archived from 3259: 3257: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3247: 2829: 2313:Maharaja Kerala Varma Thampuran a.k.a. 2304:better known as His Abdicated Highness 7954: 7833: 7575: 7086: 6791: 6370: 6120: 6108: 6082: 5972: 5227: 5019:Government Medical College, Ernakulam 4252: 4181:Katz, Nathan and Goldberg, Helen S. 4086:The National Archives | A2A | Results 3946: 3918:Kerala District Gazetteers: Ernakulam 3515: 3509: 3277:"The States Reorganisation Act, 1956" 3266: 2678: 2624: 2538:(1948–1964) was known by the name of 2521:(1948–1964) was known by the name of 2243:In the beginning of the 18th century 2193:. By the end of the 14th century the 2011:, which was in turn unified with the 1582:was instructed to confer a seal upon 841:on 1 November 1956, according to the 8280:11th-century establishments in India 7964: 7843: 7585: 7096: 6801: 6761:) and small temporary coastal bases. 6380: 6130: 4733:Kadavumbhagam Mattancherry Synagogue 4558:Greater Cochin Development Authority 4553:Fertilisers and Chemicals Travancore 3953:Staff Correspondent (3 March 2003). 3793:"Hidden India:The Kerala Spicelands" 3623: 3295: 3293: 2209:for the Indian Ocean trade. The old 1945:to Cochin in 1920, with the help of 1606: 183: 110:adding citations to reliable sources 81: 40: 4797:Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital 4774:Amala Institute of Medical Sciences 3541:S. Muhammad Hussain Nainar (1942). 3448: 3244: 3224: 2986:Naming practice of female Thampuran 2757: 2604:Prime Ministers of Cochin (1947–49) 2326:Unniraman Koyikal II (1503 to 1537) 994:The surviving manuscripts, such as 24: 8229:Evolution of the Portuguese Empire 4466:Ernakulam Terminus railway station 4461:Ernakulam Junction railway station 4159: 3841:"Kochi – Queen of the Arabian Sea" 3685:Presidency, Madras (India (1915). 2882:Mahaanamneevrutham (Aanduvrutham): 2369: 2344:Veera Kerala Varma III (1624–1637) 1921:, the islands of Kochi, including 1905:British princely state (1814–1947) 722:, the most important of which was 25: 8356: 6653:São João Baptista de Ajudá, Benin 4979:Albertian Institute of Management 4969:Government Law College, Ernakulam 4728:Kadavumbhagam Ernakulam Synagogue 4232: 3932:Responsible Governments (1947–56) 3559:"Death of Vasco Da Gama in Kochi" 3327:Pillai, Elamkulam Kunjan (1970). 3290: 3035:. She was a member of the famous 2964:Naming practice of male Thampuran 2353:Veera Kerala Varma IV (1646–1650) 2338:Veera Kerala Varma II (1601–1615) 2038: 1780:. However, the allegiance of the 1550:Ming dynasty alliance (1411–1433) 56:This article has multiple issues. 8234:Portuguese colonial architecture 7835:North America and North Atlantic 6699:Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe 6357: 6121: 4682:Roman Catholic Diocese of Cochin 4594:LuLu International Shopping Mall 4220:Genealogy of Cochin Royal Family 4166:Genealogy of Cochin Royal Family 4138:"History of Cochin Royal Family" 4010:"History of Cochin Royal Family" 3660:Lewis McIver, G. Stokes (1883). 3153: 3141: 3129: 3117: 3105: 3093: 2729: 2660: 2530:Post-independence (Titular only) 2499:(1941–1943) – Midukkan Thampuran 2375:Veera Kerala Varma V (1663–1687) 2329:Veera Kerala Varma I (1537–1565) 1348: 1303: 1119: 1112: 1064:, Perumpadapu Grandavari in 385 623: 598: 188: 86: 45: 8285:1949 disestablishments in India 8224:Armorial of Portuguese colonies 4175: 4130: 4090: 4079: 4063:. 15 April 2020. Archived from 4053: 3937: 3908: 3881: 3855: 3833: 3819:"History of Cochin – Ernakulam" 3811: 3785: 3754: 3703: 3653: 3500: 3488: 3479: 3470: 3403: 3390: 2959:, Pulpalli Thevar and many more 2414:(Shaktan Thampuran) (1790–1805) 1627:Portuguese alliance (1500–1663) 843:States Reorganisation Act, 1956 438:• 12th century CE (first) 309:Independent Kingdom (1565–1766) 97:needs additional citations for 64:or discuss these issues on the 7087: 4471:Ernakulam Town railway station 3736:"History and culture of Kochi" 3485:Mennon, p.482; Ayyar, p.131-32 3381: 3368: 3347: 3320: 3177:Political integration of India 2611: 1712:, kept in the sanatorium of a 880: 13: 1: 8320:Empires and kingdoms of India 7254:Portuguese Paliacate outpost 5014:MES College Marampally, Aluva 5009:Maharaja's College, Ernakulam 4994:Sacred Heart College, Thevara 4215:. Pragati Publications, 2005. 4192:. New York: Routledge, 2004. 3237: 2515:(The King who unified Kerala) 2350:Veerarayira Varma (1645–1646) 2293:, The Rajah of Cochin in 1868 2267:Veerakerala Varma, nephew of 2205:), and Cochin became a noted 2007:merged with Cochin to create 1859:Mysorean invasion (1766–1799) 1810:. Cochin hosted the grave of 7996:Captaincy Colonies of Brazil 7789: • 1938–1941 7766: • 1890–1999 7756: • 1851–1999 7746: • 1864–1999 7646: • 1578–1650 7633: • 1576–1605 7620: • 1522–1575 7545: • 1779–1954 7522: • 1687–1749 7459: • 1598–1610 7449: • 1579–1632 7425: • 1568–1659 7415: • 1559–1961 7402: • 1548–1658 7392: • 1540–1612 7379: • 1536–1662 7366: • 1535–1739 7343: • 1534–1661 7333: • 1534–1601 7323: • 1531–1571 7313: • 1531–1571 7297: • 1528–1666 7287: • 1523–1662 7263: • 1521–1740 7250: • 1518–1619 7217: • 1510–1961 7204: • 1507–1657 7191: • 1502–1661 7169: • 1502–1658 7155: • 1501–1663 7142: • 1500–1663 4446:Cochin International Airport 3888:Thampuran, Rameshan (2007). 2847:Seemantham: Performed after 2282:Hill Palace, the main palace 1846:, who had by then conquered 1806:arrived and founded a Latin 1423:Royal dynasty and succession 726:. Cochin became a long-term 7: 7956:South America and Caribbean 4713:Sree Poornathrayeesa Temple 4522:Kochi Municipal Corporation 3713:Imperial Gazetteer of India 3565:. Microsoft. Archived from 3165: 2913:Sree Poornathrayeesa Temple 2788:KP Padmanabha Menon in his 2419:As a British princely state 2402:Kerala Varma II (1760–1775) 2263:List of Maharajas of Cochin 2172: 1027:came into existence on the 909:and Kochi taluk (excluding 280:12th century CE–1 July 1949 215:conditions to do so are met 10: 8361: 8345:Gun salute princely states 8104:Nova Colónia do Sacramento 7183:(Coulão / Kollam) 6254:Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué 5111:Maharaja's College Stadium 4642:Latin Catholics of Malabar 4244:Namboothiri Websites Trust 4213:History of Medieval Kerala 4204:Pillai, Elamkulam Kunjan. 3779:National Archives of India 3086: 3017: 2904: 2399:Rama Varma VII (1749–1760) 2396:Kerala Varma I (1746–1749) 2390:Ravi Varma III (1721–1731) 2378:Rama Varma III (1687–1693) 1917:In 1814, according to the 1826:Dutch alliance (1663–1766) 1746:, who was a vassal to the 1646:The Portuguese arrived at 1399:kingdom) was conquered by 980: 973:which are now the part of 740:British East India Company 573:and Other Local Currencies 29: 8290:Historical Indian regions 8219: 7961: 7950: 7840: 7829: 7582: 7571: 7305:(Porto Grande De Bengala) 7093: 7082: 6798: 6787: 6377: 6366: 6355: 6127: 6116: 6063: 6047: 6014: 5948: 5782: 5617: 5526: 5430: 5349: 5308: 5272: 5180: 5134: 5093: 5037: 4964:Model Engineering College 4936: 4860: 4822:Lourdes Hospital (Kerala) 4766: 4700: 4622: 4581: 4535: 4514: 4456:Edappally railway station 4436: 4403: 4322: 4314:Ariyittuvazhcha Kovilakam 4286: 4278: 4206:Studies in Kerala History 4122:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3518:Malabar Manual (Volume-I) 3463:10.1017/S0041977X16001038 3329:Studies in Kerala History 3067:Cochin royal family today 2686: 2680: 2675: 2630: 2627: 2621: 2618: 2615: 2610: 2568:Anyian Kochunni Thampuran 2393:Rama Varma VI (1731–1746) 2384:Rama Varma IV (1697–1701) 2381:Ravi Varma II (1693–1697) 2365:Goda Varma II (1662–1663) 2362:Rama Varma II (1658–1662) 2236:, and later relocated to 1431:. But the five branches ( 1185:Venad - Kingdom of Quilon 985: 639: 577: 566: 556: 538: 534: 524: 514: 510: 502: 498: 486: 478:• 1812–1818 (first) 476: 472: 462: 458: 446: 436: 432: 422: 408: 374: 364: 335: 293: 284: 279: 267: 8305:Princely states of India 5101:Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium 4888:Cochin Refineries School 3843:. KnowIndia.netdate=2007 3563:MSN Encarta Encyclopedia 3217: 2981:Fourth son – Ravi Varma. 2978:Third son – Kerala Varma 2957:Chottanikkara Bhagavathy 2790:History of Kerala, Vol 2 2766:of the Paliam family of 2656:Panampilly Govinda Menon 2387:Rama Varma V (1701–1721) 2356:Rama Varma I (1650–1656) 2347:Goda Varma I (1637–1645) 2341:Ravi Varma I (1615–1624) 1994:Thottakkattu Madhaviamma 869:. After the transfer of 865:the Nambudiri rulers of 860:. After the fall of the 736:Dutch East India Company 488:• 1944–1947 (last) 448:• 1948–1949 (last) 8325:Feudal states of Kerala 8135:Grão-Pará and Rio Negro 8054: • 1621–1815 8041: • 1578–1607 8028: • 1572–1578 8015: • 1572–1578 8002: • 1549–1572 7989: • 1534–1549 7356: • 1535 7228: • 1512–1525 6896:Julfar (Ras al-Khaimah) 5075:Kaloor-Kadavanthra Road 4817:Lourdes Heart institute 4637:Saint Thomas Christians 4451:Cochin Harbour Terminus 3547:. University of Madras. 3516:Logan, William (2010). 2975:Second son – Rama Varma 2972:Eldest son – Goda Varma 2802:Matrilineal inheritance 2513:Aikya Keralam Thampuran 2315:Aikya Keralam Thampuran 2052:Area (in square miles) 2023:was merged into it and 1791:region stayed with the 1778:Battle of Cochin (1504) 1173:Confluence of religions 901:taluk and the whole of 750:over the Cochin state. 8125:Grão-Pará and Maranhão 7549:Dadra and Nagar Haveli 5106:Regional Sports Centre 4873:Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan 4842:Sunrise Hospital Kochi 4832:Medical Trust Hospital 4718:Ernakulam Shiva Temple 4195:Menon, P. Shungoonny. 4185:. Mahonar Books, 2005. 4142:cochinroyalhistory.org 4037:. 2007. Archived from 4014:cochinroyalhistory.org 3865:. 2007. Archived from 3495:Book of Duarte Barbosa 3398:Book of Duarte Barbosa 3286:. Government of India. 3033:Parukutty Nethyar Amma 3020:Parukutty Nethyar Amma 3014:Parukutty Nethyar Amma 2914: 2317: 2305: 2294: 2283: 1960:, which was a part of 1914: 1839: 1733:Duarte Pacheco Pereira 1716: 1696:Duarte Pacheco Pereira 1643: 1638:-temple, built by the 1543:Perumpadappu Swaroopam 1055: 1013:Perumpadapu Grandavari 1006:Perumpadapu Grandavari 890: 797:were transferred from 758: 720:Portuguese East Indies 526:• Disestablished 493:C. P. Karunakara Menon 7815:invasion by Indonesia 7577:East Asia and Oceania 6749:São Tomé and Príncipe 6522:Portuguese Mozambique 6479:Portuguese Gold Coast 4812:Lisie Heart Institute 4543:Cochin Stock Exchange 4418:Thoma of Villarvattom 4218:Thampuran, Rameshan. 4211:Ramachandran, Rathi. 4098:"Seeking royal roots" 4061:"Kuruppath | History" 3955:"Seeking royal roots" 2912: 2311: 2300: 2289: 2281: 1982:British Indian Empire 1912: 1871:reached Ali Rajah of 1833: 1820:Afonso de Albuquerque 1704: 1634: 1600:Ming treasure voyages 1262:Unification of Kerala 1233:Battle of Tirurangadi 1025:Perumpadapu Swaroopam 1017: 888: 763:kingdom of Travancore 757:Madras State Map 1913 756: 365:Common languages 6004:Madras States Agency 5126:Kochi Tuskers Kerala 5085:Seaport-Airport Road 5029:St. Albert's College 5024:Bharata Mata College 5004:St. Teresa's College 4898:Navy Children School 4868:Assissi Vidyaniketan 4708:Chottanikkara Temple 4506:Vyttila Mobility Hub 2938:Sree Poornathrayeesa 2778:, was second to the 2595:Kochaniyan Thampuran 2586:Kochaniyan Thampuran 2540:Parikshith Thampuran 2523:Parikshith Thampuran 2321:As a Portuguese ally 2227:Pedro Álvares Cabral 1804:Saint Francis Xavier 1664:Pedro Álvares Cabral 1576:Ming treasure voyage 1466:Transition to Cochin 1205:Minor principalities 1035:shodashangamsurajyam 862:Mahodayapuram Cheras 716:Pedro Álvares Cabral 655:, also known as the 106:improve this article 8300:History of Thrissur 6468:(São Jorge da Mina) 6319:São João da Mamora 6161:(El Qsar es Seghir) 5181:Television channels 5045:Mahatma Gandhi Road 4918:Toc-H Public School 4299:Mattancherry Palace 3300:Kerala.com (2007). 3057:Kaiser-i-Hind Medal 2830:Traditional rituals 2219:Cochin Royal Family 2179:Perumpadapu village 1949:, then Governor of 1884:kingdom of Kottayam 1852:Cochin Royal family 1754:. As a result, the 1654:in 1498 during the 1636:Mattancherry Palace 1486:) from what is now 1363:Malappuram district 1253:Communism in Kerala 961:taluk and parts of 847:Government of India 833:to form the modern 748:British paramountcy 516:• Established 304:Vijayanagara Empire 202:of this article is 121:"Kingdom of Cochin" 8315:Kingdoms of Kerala 8181:Portuguese Guiana 8145:Maranhão and Piauí 7793:Lapa and Montanha 7604:Portuguese Malacca 7490:Portuguese Ceylon 7444:(Portuguese India) 7282:(Portuguese India) 6913: • 6372:Sub-Saharan Africa 5121:Kerala Blasters FC 4893:Kendriya Vidyalaya 4878:Chinmaya Vidyalaya 4802:Lakeshore Hospital 4758:Vallarpadam Church 4753:St. Francis Church 4738:Paradesi Synagogue 4609:Forum Thomsun Mall 4309:Durbar Hall Ground 4190:A History of India 4170:Rameshan Thampuran 4041:on 14 January 2009 3991:has generic name ( 3967:on 22 October 2010 3896:on 13 January 2008 3869:on 14 January 2009 3569:on 28 October 2009 3396:M.L. Dames (1921) 3376:Imperial Gazetteer 3308:on 10 January 2008 3284:legislative.gov.in 3172:Zamorin of Calicut 3051:. She married the 3000:Second daughter – 2915: 2736:20 September 1948 2725:E. Ikkanda Warrier 2713:20 September 1948 2693:Maharaja of Cochin 2577:Kochunni Thampuran 2333:Keshava Rama Varma 2318: 2306: 2295: 2284: 1919:Anglo-Dutch Treaty 1915: 1840: 1816:St. Francis Church 1793:Zamorin of Calicut 1748:Zamorin of Calicut 1737:Calicut's assaults 1717: 1710:Thomas the Apostle 1644: 1596:Zamorin of Calicut 1379:Zamorin of Calicut 1221:Rise of Travancore 1140:Megalithic culture 971:Ernakulam district 891: 769:in 1950. The five 759: 699:Portuguese armadas 692:Zamorin of Calicut 442:Veera Kerala Varma 8335:Travancore–Cochin 8310:History of Kerala 8275:Kingdom of Cochin 8262: 8261: 8215: 8214: 8209: 8208: 8202: 8201: 8150: 8149: 8109: 8108: 8076: 8075: 7946: 7945: 7940: 7939: 7931: 7930: 7885: 7884: 7825: 7824: 7808: 7807: 7801: 7800: 7783:Portuguese Macau 7775: 7774: 7728: 7727: 7698: 7697: 7567: 7566: 7561: 7560: 7554: 7553: 7539:Portuguese India 7531: 7530: 7516:Portuguese India 7508: 7507: 7471: 7470: 7434: 7433: 7272: 7271: 7126: 7125: 7116:Laccadive Islands 7078: 7077: 7072: 7071: 7065: 7064: 6962: 6961: 6783: 6782: 6773:Portuguese Angola 6766:Portuguese Guinea 6742: 6741: 6735: 6734: 6720:Portuguese Guinea 6704: 6703: 6670: 6669: 6625: 6624: 6595:Portuguese Angola 6494: 6493: 6489:Mascarene Islands 6353: 6352: 6347: 6346: 6340: 6339: 6236: 6235: 6204:1487–16th century 6110:Portuguese Empire 6076: 6075: 6048:Non-salute states 5966: 5965: 5295:Jammu and Kashmir 5221: 5220: 5143:Malayala Manorama 4852:Rajagiri Hospital 4701:Places of worship 4657:Culture of Kerala 4652:Cuisine of Kerala 4604:Abad Nucleus Mall 4527:Kerala High Court 4428:Travancore-Cochin 4423:History of Kerala 4413:Kingdom of Cochin 4395:Willingdon Island 4208:. Kottayam, 1970. 3641:on 7 January 2018 3601:"The Cochin Saga" 2994:First daughter – 2932:Paradevan (god): 2875:: The wearing of 2776:Paliyam swaroopam 2755: 2754: 2635: 2573:Kerala Varma VIII 2170: 2169: 2017:Madras Presidency 2009:Travancore-Cochin 2001:Dominion of India 1808:Christian mission 1742:The ruler of the 1729:"Castelo de Cima" 1607:Vassal of Calicut 1346: 1345: 1225:Mysorean invasion 1213:Portuguese period 1177:Mamankam festival 1145:Maritime contacts 1100:History of Kerala 917:taluk (excluding 907:Palakkad district 895:Thrissur district 821:Islands) and the 799:Travancore-Cochin 767:Travancore-Cochin 677:Dominion of India 667:(Cochin), was an 653:kingdom of Cochin 649: 648: 635: 634: 631: 630: 619:Travancore-Cochin 611: 610: 562:600.03 crores USD 413:Absolute monarchy 387: 314:Kingdom of Mysore 269:Kingdom of Cochin 261: 260: 253: 243: 242: 235: 182: 181: 174: 156: 79: 16:(Redirected from 8352: 8295:History of Kochi 8249:Portuguese India 8197: 8184: 8171: 8161: 8160: 8158: 8118: 8117: 8115: 8087: 8086: 8084: 8059: 8046: 8033: 8020: 8007: 7994: 7976: 7975: 7973: 7965: 7952: 7951: 7906: 7896: 7895: 7893: 7855: 7854: 7852: 7844: 7831: 7830: 7796: 7786: 7785: 7781: 7743: 7742: 7739:Portuguese Macau 7736: 7724: 7723: 7715:Portuguese Timor 7707: 7706: 7704: 7651: 7638: 7625: 7597: 7596: 7594: 7586: 7573: 7572: 7542: 7541: 7537: 7519: 7518: 7514: 7493: 7473: 7472: 7466: 7438: 7437: 7409: 7386: 7373: 7350: 7306: 7276: 7275: 7257: 7243: 7232: 7211: 7198: 7197:(Cochin de Cima) 7184: 7173: 7162: 7149: 7139: 7138: 7135:Portuguese India 7132: 7120: 7108: 7107: 7105: 7097: 7084: 7083: 6973: 6972: 6970: 6918: 6846: 6823: 6813: 6812: 6810: 6802: 6789: 6788: 6730:Portuguese Congo 6713: 6712: 6710: 6689: 6679: 6678: 6676: 6666: 6636: 6635: 6633: 6620: 6608: 6555: 6505: 6504: 6502: 6469: 6456: 6434: 6422: 6392: 6391: 6389: 6381: 6368: 6367: 6361: 6335: 6322: 6309: 6296: 6283: 6282:(Souira Guedima) 6270: 6257: 6247: 6246: 6244: 6221: 6198: 6175: 6162: 6142: 6141: 6139: 6131: 6118: 6117: 6103: 6096: 6089: 6080: 6079: 5993: 5986: 5979: 5970: 5969: 5248: 5241: 5234: 5225: 5224: 4928:Vidyodaya School 4792:General Hospital 4788:Gautham Hospital 4599:Gold Souk Grandé 4573:Kochi Refineries 4370:Panampilly Nagar 4273: 4266: 4259: 4250: 4249: 4188:Kulke, Herman. 4153: 4152: 4150: 4148: 4134: 4128: 4127: 4121: 4113: 4111: 4109: 4094: 4088: 4083: 4077: 4076: 4074: 4072: 4067:on 15 April 2020 4057: 4051: 4050: 4048: 4046: 4031: 4025: 4024: 4022: 4020: 4006: 3997: 3996: 3990: 3986: 3984: 3976: 3974: 3972: 3963:. Archived from 3950: 3944: 3943:Page 241 and 242 3941: 3935: 3929: 3923: 3922: 3912: 3906: 3905: 3903: 3901: 3892:. Archived from 3885: 3879: 3878: 3876: 3874: 3859: 3853: 3852: 3850: 3848: 3837: 3831: 3830: 3828: 3826: 3815: 3809: 3808: 3806: 3804: 3789: 3783: 3782: 3776: 3774: 3768: 3758: 3752: 3751: 3749: 3747: 3732: 3726: 3725: 3723: 3721: 3707: 3701: 3700: 3698: 3696: 3682: 3676: 3675: 3673: 3671: 3657: 3651: 3650: 3648: 3646: 3637:. Archived from 3627: 3621: 3620: 3618: 3616: 3597: 3591: 3588: 3579: 3578: 3576: 3574: 3555: 3549: 3548: 3538: 3532: 3531: 3513: 3507: 3504: 3498: 3492: 3486: 3483: 3477: 3474: 3468: 3466: 3446: 3427: 3421: 3415: 3414: 3407: 3401: 3394: 3388: 3385: 3379: 3372: 3366: 3363: 3354: 3351: 3345: 3342: 3333: 3332: 3324: 3318: 3317: 3315: 3313: 3304:. Archived from 3302:"Kerala History" 3297: 3288: 3287: 3281: 3273: 3264: 3261: 3231: 3228: 3182:History of Kochi 3157: 3145: 3133: 3121: 3109: 3097: 2942:Thiruvanchikulam 2888:Upanishadvrutham 2758:Chiefs of Cochin 2733: 2710:27 October 1947 2688:Kerala Varna VII 2670:22 October 1947 2664: 2633: 2613: 2608: 2536:Rama Varma XVIII 2519:Rama Varma XVIII 2509:Kerala Varma VII 2431:Kerala Varma III 2269:Cheraman Perumal 2199:Thiruvanchikulam 2046: 2045: 2013:Malabar district 1962:Malabar District 1935:Malabar District 1756:kingdom of Tanur 1744:kingdom of Tanur 1656:Age of Discovery 1588:Zhenguo Zhi Shan 1527:Kocchu Thampuran 1415:in the east, to 1338: 1331: 1324: 1310:India portal 1308: 1307: 1306: 1249:Battle of Quilon 1237:Malabar District 1209:Age of Discovery 1123: 1116: 1087: 1086: 1039:Cheraman Perumal 947:Sreemoolanagaram 811:Malabar District 657:kingdom of Kochi 627: 626: 615: 614: 602: 601: 595: 594: 579: 578: 549: 453:Rama Varma XVIII 385: 289: 265: 264: 256: 249: 238: 231: 227: 224: 218: 192: 191: 184: 177: 170: 166: 163: 157: 155: 114: 90: 82: 71: 49: 48: 41: 34:, also known as 21: 8360: 8359: 8355: 8354: 8353: 8351: 8350: 8349: 8340:Former kingdoms 8265: 8264: 8263: 8258: 8211: 8210: 8195: 8182: 8169: 8154: 8111: 8080: 8057: 8044: 8031: 8018: 8005: 7992: 7969: 7957: 7942: 7941: 7904: 7889: 7848: 7836: 7821: 7820: 7809: 7794: 7782: 7777: 7737: 7732: 7717: 7713: 7700: 7649: 7636: 7623: 7590: 7578: 7563: 7562: 7538: 7533: 7515: 7510: 7491: 7465:(Machilipatnam) 7464: 7407: 7384: 7371: 7348: 7337:Salsette Island 7308: 7304: 7303: 7255: 7245: 7241: 7240: 7234: 7230: 7229: 7209: 7196: 7186: 7182: 7181: 7175: 7171: 7170: 7160: 7147: 7133: 7128: 7122: 7118: 7117: 7101: 7089: 7074: 7073: 6966: 6908: 6844: 6821: 6806: 6794: 6779: 6778: 6775:from the 1920s. 6743: 6706: 6687: 6672: 6662: 6629: 6618: 6604: 6553: 6498: 6467: 6454: 6430: 6418: 6385: 6373: 6362: 6349: 6348: 6333: 6320: 6307: 6294: 6281: 6268: 6255: 6240: 6219: 6196: 6173: 6160: 6159:Alcácer Ceguer 6135: 6123: 6112: 6107: 6077: 6072: 6059: 6043: 6010: 6000:Princely states 5997: 5967: 5962: 5944: 5778: 5613: 5522: 5426: 5345: 5304: 5268: 5258:princely states 5252: 5222: 5217: 5176: 5157:Madhyamam Daily 5130: 5089: 5060:Shanmugham Road 5033: 4932: 4923:The Delta Study 4908:SRV High School 4856: 4762: 4696: 4618: 4577: 4531: 4510: 4481:Cochin Shipyard 4432: 4399: 4318: 4282: 4277: 4235: 4178: 4162: 4160:Further reading 4157: 4156: 4146: 4144: 4136: 4135: 4131: 4115: 4114: 4107: 4105: 4096: 4095: 4091: 4084: 4080: 4070: 4068: 4059: 4058: 4054: 4044: 4042: 4033: 4032: 4028: 4018: 4016: 4008: 4007: 4000: 3988: 3987: 3978: 3977: 3970: 3968: 3951: 3947: 3942: 3938: 3930: 3926: 3913: 3909: 3899: 3897: 3886: 3882: 3872: 3870: 3861: 3860: 3856: 3846: 3844: 3839: 3838: 3834: 3824: 3822: 3817: 3816: 3812: 3802: 3800: 3791: 3790: 3786: 3772: 3770: 3760: 3759: 3755: 3745: 3743: 3734: 3733: 3729: 3719: 3717: 3708: 3704: 3694: 3692: 3683: 3679: 3669: 3667: 3658: 3654: 3644: 3642: 3629: 3628: 3624: 3614: 3612: 3599: 3598: 3594: 3589: 3582: 3572: 3570: 3557: 3556: 3552: 3539: 3535: 3528: 3514: 3510: 3505: 3501: 3497:, v.2, p.94-95. 3493: 3489: 3484: 3480: 3475: 3471: 3447: 3430: 3422: 3418: 3409: 3408: 3404: 3395: 3391: 3386: 3382: 3373: 3369: 3364: 3357: 3352: 3348: 3343: 3336: 3325: 3321: 3311: 3309: 3298: 3291: 3279: 3275: 3274: 3267: 3262: 3245: 3240: 3235: 3234: 3229: 3225: 3220: 3168: 3161: 3158: 3149: 3146: 3137: 3134: 3125: 3122: 3113: 3110: 3101: 3098: 3089: 3069: 3022: 3016: 2988: 2966: 2955:Other deities: 2907: 2832: 2804: 2760: 2667:14 August 1947 2647:Days in office 2622:Term of office 2606: 2550:Lalan Thampuran 2532: 2497:Kerala Varma VI 2491:Rama Varma XVII 2455:Kerala Varma IV 2449:Rama Varma XIII 2421: 2406:Rama Varma VIII 2372: 2370:As a Dutch ally 2323: 2314: 2265: 2207:natural harbour 2175: 2041: 1947:Lord Willingdon 1907: 1886:in present-day 1863:Mysorian ruler 1861: 1836:Bolgatty Palace 1828: 1772:. However, the 1629: 1609: 1552: 1476:Vembanad lagoon 1468: 1425: 1365:. The ruler of 1361:in present-day 1351: 1342: 1304: 1302: 1295: 1294: 1293: 1288: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1266: 1265: 1264: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1201:Arakkal kingdom 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1142: 1137: 1129: 1128: 1127: 1126: 1125: 1124: 1117: 1002:Keralamahatmyam 988: 983: 883: 744:Anglo-Dutch War 624: 599: 559: 543: 527: 520:12th century CE 517: 489: 479: 449: 439: 415: 401: 397: 393: 388: 357: 353: 349: 345: 275: 270: 257: 246: 245: 244: 239: 228: 222: 219: 208: 193: 189: 178: 167: 161: 158: 115: 113: 103: 91: 50: 46: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8358: 8348: 8347: 8342: 8337: 8332: 8327: 8322: 8317: 8312: 8307: 8302: 8297: 8292: 8287: 8282: 8277: 8260: 8259: 8257: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8236: 8231: 8226: 8220: 8217: 8216: 8213: 8212: 8207: 8206: 8200: 8199: 8191: 8187: 8186: 8178: 8174: 8173: 8165: 8151: 8148: 8147: 8142: 8138: 8137: 8132: 8128: 8127: 8122: 8107: 8106: 8101: 8097: 8096: 8091: 8077: 8074: 8073: 8068: 8064: 8063: 8055: 8051: 8050: 8042: 8038: 8037: 8035:Rio de Janeiro 8029: 8025: 8024: 8016: 8012: 8011: 8003: 7999: 7998: 7990: 7986: 7985: 7980: 7963: 7962: 7959: 7958: 7948: 7947: 7944: 7943: 7938: 7937: 7932: 7929: 7928: 7923: 7919: 7918: 7913: 7909: 7908: 7905:(Newfoundland) 7900: 7886: 7883: 7882: 7873: 7869: 7868: 7859: 7842: 7841: 7838: 7837: 7827: 7826: 7823: 7822: 7819: 7818: 7810: 7806: 7805: 7799: 7798: 7790: 7773: 7772: 7767: 7763: 7762: 7757: 7753: 7752: 7747: 7729: 7726: 7725: 7711: 7696: 7695: 7690: 7686: 7685: 7680: 7676: 7675: 7670: 7666: 7665: 7660: 7656: 7655: 7647: 7643: 7642: 7634: 7630: 7629: 7621: 7617: 7616: 7611: 7607: 7606: 7601: 7584: 7583: 7580: 7579: 7569: 7568: 7565: 7564: 7559: 7558: 7552: 7551: 7546: 7529: 7528: 7523: 7506: 7505: 7500: 7496: 7495: 7487: 7483: 7482: 7477: 7469: 7468: 7460: 7456: 7455: 7450: 7446: 7445: 7442: 7435: 7432: 7431: 7426: 7422: 7421: 7416: 7412: 7411: 7403: 7399: 7398: 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5305: 5303: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5276: 5274: 5270: 5269: 5251: 5250: 5243: 5236: 5228: 5219: 5218: 5216: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5184: 5182: 5178: 5177: 5175: 5174: 5167: 5160: 5153: 5146: 5138: 5136: 5132: 5131: 5129: 5128: 5123: 5118: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5097: 5095: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5041: 5039: 5035: 5034: 5032: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4940: 4938: 4934: 4933: 4931: 4930: 4925: 4920: 4915: 4910: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4885: 4880: 4875: 4870: 4864: 4862: 4858: 4857: 4855: 4854: 4849: 4847:Renai medicity 4844: 4839: 4837:Saraf Hospital 4834: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4814: 4809: 4807:Lisie Hospital 4804: 4799: 4794: 4789: 4786: 4781: 4776: 4770: 4768: 4764: 4763: 4761: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4704: 4702: 4698: 4697: 4695: 4694: 4689: 4684: 4679: 4674: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 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p.360). 3367: 3355: 3346: 3334: 3319: 3289: 3265: 3242: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3233: 3232: 3222: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3215: 3214: 3209: 3204: 3199: 3197:Thrippunithura 3194: 3189: 3184: 3179: 3174: 3167: 3164: 3163: 3162: 3159: 3152: 3150: 3147: 3140: 3138: 3135: 3128: 3126: 3123: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3104: 3102: 3099: 3092: 3088: 3085: 3068: 3065: 3018:Main article: 3015: 3012: 3005: 3004: 2998: 2987: 2984: 2983: 2982: 2979: 2976: 2973: 2965: 2962: 2961: 2960: 2953: 2930: 2906: 2903: 2902: 2901: 2898: 2895: 2892: 2889: 2886: 2883: 2880: 2870: 2864: 2861: 2858: 2855: 2852: 2845: 2839: 2831: 2828: 2808:Marumakkatayam 2803: 2800: 2768:Chendamangalam 2759: 2756: 2753: 2752: 2743: 2742:283 days 2740: 2737: 2734: 2727: 2722: 2718: 2717: 2716:334 days 2714: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2701: 2697: 2696: 2685: 2681:Sixth Council 2679: 2677: 2674: 2671: 2668: 2665: 2658: 2653: 2649: 2648: 2645: 2642: 2638: 2637: 2629: 2626: 2623: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2605: 2602: 2601: 2600: 2597: 2593:(2014–2020) – 2588: 2584:(2011–2014) – 2582:Rama Varma XXI 2579: 2575:(2004–2011) – 2570: 2566:(1975–2004) – 2561: 2560:'s Government. 2554:26th Amendment 2548:(1964–1975) – 2546:Rama Varma XIX 2543: 2531: 2528: 2527: 2526: 2516: 2511:(1946–1948) – 2506: 2500: 2494: 2488: 2485:Rama Varma XVI 2482: 2476: 2473:Kerala Varma V 2470: 2467:Rama Varma XIV 2464: 2458: 2452: 2446: 2443:Rama Varma XII 2440: 2434: 2428: 2420: 2417: 2416: 2415: 2409: 2403: 2400: 2397: 2394: 2391: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2376: 2371: 2368: 2367: 2366: 2363: 2360: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2348: 2345: 2342: 2339: 2336: 2330: 2327: 2322: 2319: 2291:Rama Varma XIV 2264: 2261: 2174: 2171: 2168: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2158: 2157: 2147: 2144: 2140: 2139: 2134: 2131: 2127: 2126: 2121: 2118: 2114: 2113: 2108: 2105: 2101: 2100: 2090: 2087: 2083: 2082: 2077: 2074: 2070: 2069: 2064: 2061: 2057: 2056: 2053: 2050: 2040: 2039:Administration 2037: 1943:Robert Bristow 1913:Cochin in 1913 1906: 1903: 1860: 1857: 1827: 1824: 1628: 1625: 1608: 1605: 1592:Yongle Emperor 1551: 1548: 1508:Cochim de Cima 1467: 1464: 1424: 1421: 1419:in the south. 1385:region, after 1350: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1341: 1340: 1333: 1326: 1318: 1315: 1314: 1313: 1312: 1297: 1296: 1275: 1272: 1271: 1268: 1267: 1229:British Period 1138: 1135: 1134: 1131: 1130: 1118: 1111: 1110: 1109: 1108: 1107: 1106: 1103: 1102: 1096: 1095: 987: 984: 982: 979: 967:Chendamangalam 882: 879: 791:Agastheeswaram 732:Luso-Dutch War 647: 646: 641: 637: 636: 633: 632: 629: 628: 621: 612: 609: 608: 603: 591: 590: 585: 575: 574: 568: 564: 563: 560: 557: 554: 553: 550: 536: 535: 532: 531: 528: 525: 522: 521: 518: 515: 512: 511: 508: 507: 504: 500: 499: 496: 495: 490: 487: 484: 483: 480: 477: 474: 473: 470: 469: 466: 460: 459: 456: 455: 450: 447: 444: 443: 440: 437: 434: 433: 430: 429: 426: 420: 419: 417:Princely state 410: 406: 405: 376: 372: 371: 366: 362: 361: 337: 333: 332: 331: 330: 327:British Empire 323:Princely State 320: 317: 310: 307: 300: 295: 291: 290: 282: 281: 277: 276: 271: 268: 259: 258: 241: 240: 196: 194: 187: 180: 179: 94: 92: 85: 80: 54: 53: 51: 44: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8357: 8346: 8343: 8341: 8338: 8336: 8333: 8331: 8328: 8326: 8323: 8321: 8318: 8316: 8313: 8311: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8301: 8298: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8272: 8270: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8230: 8227: 8225: 8222: 8221: 8218: 8205: 8198: 8192: 8189: 8188: 8185: 8179: 8176: 8175: 8172: 8166: 8163: 8162: 8159: 8157: 8152: 8146: 8143: 8140: 8139: 8136: 8133: 8130: 8129: 8126: 8123: 8120: 8119: 8116: 8114: 8105: 8102: 8099: 8098: 8095: 8092: 8089: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8078: 8072: 8069: 8066: 8065: 8062: 8056: 8053: 8052: 8049: 8043: 8040: 8039: 8036: 8030: 8027: 8026: 8023: 8017: 8014: 8013: 8010: 8004: 8001: 8000: 7997: 7991: 7988: 7987: 7984: 7981: 7978: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7967: 7966: 7960: 7953: 7949: 7936: 7933: 7927: 7924: 7921: 7920: 7917: 7914: 7911: 7910: 7907: 7901: 7898: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7887: 7881: 7880: 7879: 7874: 7871: 7870: 7867: 7866: 7865: 7860: 7857: 7856: 7853: 7851: 7846: 7845: 7839: 7832: 7828: 7816: 7812: 7811: 7804: 7797: 7791: 7788: 7787: 7784: 7780: 7771: 7768: 7765: 7764: 7761: 7758: 7755: 7754: 7751: 7748: 7745: 7744: 7741: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7721: 7716: 7712: 7709: 7708: 7705: 7703: 7694: 7691: 7688: 7687: 7684: 7681: 7678: 7677: 7674: 7671: 7668: 7667: 7664: 7661: 7658: 7657: 7654: 7648: 7645: 7644: 7641: 7635: 7632: 7631: 7628: 7622: 7619: 7618: 7615: 7612: 7609: 7608: 7605: 7602: 7599: 7598: 7595: 7593: 7588: 7587: 7581: 7574: 7570: 7557: 7550: 7547: 7544: 7543: 7540: 7536: 7527: 7524: 7521: 7520: 7517: 7513: 7504: 7501: 7498: 7497: 7494: 7488: 7485: 7484: 7481: 7478: 7475: 7474: 7467: 7463:Masulipatnam 7461: 7458: 7457: 7454: 7451: 7448: 7447: 7443: 7440: 7439: 7436: 7430: 7427: 7424: 7423: 7420: 7419:Daman and Diu 7417: 7414: 7413: 7410: 7408:(Thoothukudi) 7404: 7401: 7400: 7397: 7394: 7391: 7390: 7387: 7385:(Kodungallur) 7381: 7378: 7377: 7374: 7372:(Vasai-Virar) 7368: 7365: 7364: 7361: 7358: 7355: 7354: 7351: 7345: 7342: 7341: 7338: 7335: 7332: 7331: 7328: 7325: 7322: 7321: 7318: 7315: 7312: 7311: 7307: 7299: 7296: 7295: 7292: 7289: 7286: 7285: 7281: 7278: 7277: 7274: 7268: 7265: 7262: 7261: 7258: 7252: 7249: 7248: 7244: 7236: 7226: 7225: 7222: 7219: 7216: 7215: 7212: 7206: 7203: 7202: 7199: 7193: 7190: 7189: 7185: 7177: 7167: 7166: 7163: 7157: 7154: 7153: 7150: 7144: 7141: 7140: 7137: 7136: 7131: 7121: 7119:(Lakshadweep) 7113: 7110: 7109: 7106: 7104: 7099: 7098: 7092: 7085: 7081: 7068: 7061: 7060:Bandar-e Kong 7058: 7055: 7054: 7051: 7050:Dibba Al-Hisn 7048: 7045: 7044: 7041: 7038: 7035: 7034: 7031: 7028: 7025: 7024: 7021: 7018: 7015: 7014: 7011: 7008: 7005: 7004: 7001: 6998: 6995: 6994: 6991: 6988: 6985: 6984: 6981: 6978: 6975: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6964: 6958: 6955: 6952: 6951: 6948: 6945: 6942: 6941: 6938: 6935: 6932: 6931: 6928: 6925: 6922: 6921: 6916: 6912: 6907: 6904: 6901: 6900: 6897: 6894: 6891: 6890: 6887: 6884: 6881: 6880: 6877: 6874: 6871: 6870: 6867: 6864: 6861: 6860: 6857: 6854: 6851: 6850: 6847: 6841: 6838: 6837: 6834: 6831: 6828: 6827: 6824: 6818: 6815: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6804: 6803: 6797: 6790: 6786: 6774: 6770: 6767: 6763: 6760: 6756: 6753: 6750: 6746: 6745: 6738: 6731: 6728: 6725: 6724: 6721: 6718: 6715: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6700: 6697: 6694: 6693: 6690: 6684: 6681: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6665: 6661: 6658: 6657: 6654: 6651: 6648: 6647: 6644: 6641: 6638: 6637: 6634: 6632: 6627: 6621: 6615: 6612: 6611: 6607: 6603: 6600: 6599: 6596: 6593: 6590: 6589: 6586: 6583: 6580: 6579: 6576: 6573: 6570: 6569: 6566: 6563: 6560: 6559: 6556: 6550: 6547: 6546: 6543: 6540: 6537: 6536: 6533: 6530: 6527: 6526: 6523: 6520: 6517: 6516: 6513: 6510: 6507: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6496: 6490: 6487: 6484: 6483: 6480: 6477: 6474: 6473: 6470: 6464: 6461: 6460: 6457: 6453:Fernando Poo 6451: 6448: 6447: 6444: 6441: 6438: 6437: 6433: 6429: 6426: 6425: 6421: 6417: 6414: 6413: 6410: 6407: 6404: 6403: 6400: 6397: 6394: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6383: 6382: 6376: 6369: 6365: 6360: 6343: 6336: 6330: 6327: 6326: 6323: 6317: 6314: 6313: 6310: 6304: 6301: 6300: 6297: 6291: 6288: 6287: 6284: 6278: 6275: 6274: 6271: 6265: 6262: 6261: 6258: 6252: 6249: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6238: 6232: 6229: 6226: 6225: 6222: 6216: 6213: 6212: 6209: 6206: 6203: 6202: 6199: 6193: 6190: 6189: 6186: 6183: 6180: 6179: 6176: 6170: 6167: 6166: 6163: 6157: 6154: 6153: 6150: 6147: 6144: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6133: 6132: 6126: 6119: 6115: 6111: 6104: 6099: 6097: 6092: 6090: 6085: 6084: 6081: 6069: 6066: 6065: 6062: 6056: 6053: 6052: 6050: 6046: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6022: 6021: 6019: 6017: 6016:Salute states 6013: 6009: 6005: 6001: 5994: 5989: 5987: 5982: 5980: 5975: 5974: 5971: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5950: 5947: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5787: 5785: 5781: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5685:Tehri Garhwal 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5622: 5620: 5618:11-gun salute 5616: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5531: 5529: 5527:13-gun salute 5525: 5519: 5516: 5514: 5511: 5509: 5506: 5504: 5501: 5499: 5496: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5441: 5439: 5436: 5435: 5433: 5431:15-gun salute 5429: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5354: 5352: 5350:17-gun salute 5348: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5313: 5311: 5309:19-gun salute 5307: 5301: 5298: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5277: 5275: 5273:21-gun salute 5271: 5267: 5264:) during the 5263: 5262:salute states 5259: 5256: 5249: 5244: 5242: 5237: 5235: 5230: 5229: 5226: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5185: 5183: 5179: 5173: 5172: 5168: 5166: 5165: 5161: 5159: 5158: 5154: 5152: 5151: 5147: 5145: 5144: 5140: 5139: 5137: 5133: 5127: 5124: 5122: 5119: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5098: 5096: 5092: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5050:Chittoor Road 5048: 5046: 5043: 5042: 5040: 5036: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4941: 4939: 4935: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4914: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4883:Choice School 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4865: 4863: 4859: 4853: 4850: 4848: 4845: 4843: 4840: 4838: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4813: 4810: 4808: 4805: 4803: 4800: 4798: 4795: 4793: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4784:Aster Medcity 4782: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4771: 4769: 4765: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4705: 4703: 4699: 4693: 4690: 4688: 4685: 4683: 4680: 4678: 4675: 4673: 4670: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4629: 4627: 4625: 4621: 4615: 4612: 4610: 4607: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4587: 4586: 4584: 4580: 4574: 4571: 4569: 4566: 4564: 4561: 4559: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4540: 4538: 4536:Organizations 4534: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4519: 4517: 4513: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4494: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4443: 4441: 4439: 4435: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4410: 4408: 4406: 4402: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4327: 4325: 4321: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4295: 4292: 4291: 4289: 4285: 4281: 4274: 4269: 4267: 4262: 4260: 4255: 4254: 4251: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4236: 4227: 4224: 4221: 4217: 4214: 4210: 4207: 4203: 4201: 4198: 4194: 4191: 4187: 4184: 4180: 4179: 4171: 4167: 4164: 4163: 4143: 4139: 4133: 4125: 4119: 4103: 4099: 4093: 4087: 4082: 4066: 4062: 4056: 4040: 4036: 4030: 4015: 4011: 4005: 4003: 3994: 3982: 3966: 3962: 3961: 3956: 3949: 3940: 3933: 3928: 3920: 3919: 3911: 3895: 3891: 3884: 3868: 3864: 3858: 3842: 3836: 3820: 3814: 3798: 3794: 3788: 3780: 3767: 3766: 3757: 3742:on 3 May 2006 3741: 3737: 3731: 3715: 3714: 3706: 3690: 3689: 3681: 3665: 3664: 3656: 3640: 3636: 3635:Lawmin.nic.in 3632: 3626: 3611:on 3 May 2006 3610: 3606: 3602: 3596: 3587: 3585: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3554: 3546: 3545: 3537: 3529: 3527:9788120604476 3523: 3519: 3512: 3503: 3496: 3491: 3482: 3473: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3445: 3443: 3441: 3439: 3437: 3435: 3433: 3425: 3420: 3412: 3406: 3399: 3393: 3384: 3377: 3371: 3365:Mennon, p.481 3362: 3360: 3353:Mennon, p.480 3350: 3341: 3339: 3330: 3323: 3307: 3303: 3296: 3294: 3285: 3278: 3272: 3270: 3260: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3252: 3250: 3248: 3243: 3227: 3223: 3213: 3210: 3208: 3205: 3203: 3202:Paliath Achan 3200: 3198: 3195: 3193: 3192:British India 3190: 3188: 3185: 3183: 3180: 3178: 3175: 3173: 3170: 3169: 3156: 3151: 3144: 3139: 3132: 3127: 3120: 3115: 3108: 3103: 3096: 3091: 3090: 3084: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3073:Thripunithura 3064: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3026: 3021: 3011: 3008: 3003: 2999: 2997: 2993: 2992: 2991: 2980: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2970: 2969: 2958: 2954: 2951: 2947: 2946:North Paravur 2943: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2928: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2916: 2911: 2899: 2896: 2893: 2890: 2887: 2884: 2881: 2878: 2877:sacred thread 2874: 2871: 2868: 2865: 2862: 2859: 2856: 2853: 2850: 2846: 2843: 2840: 2837: 2836: 2835: 2827: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2809: 2799: 2796: 2791: 2786: 2782: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2764:Paliath Achan 2751: 2748: 2744: 2741: 2739:30 June 1949 2738: 2735: 2732: 2728: 2726: 2723: 2720: 2719: 2715: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2705: 2702: 2699: 2698: 2695: 2694: 2689: 2684: 2673:51 days 2672: 2669: 2666: 2663: 2659: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2650: 2646: 2643: 2640: 2639: 2636: 2631:Appointed by 2609: 2598: 2596: 2592: 2591:Ravi Varma VI 2589: 2587: 2583: 2580: 2578: 2574: 2571: 2569: 2565: 2564:Rama Varma XX 2562: 2559: 2558:Indira Gandhi 2555: 2551: 2547: 2544: 2541: 2537: 2534: 2533: 2524: 2520: 2517: 2514: 2510: 2507: 2504: 2501: 2498: 2495: 2492: 2489: 2486: 2483: 2480: 2479:Rama Varma XV 2477: 2474: 2471: 2468: 2465: 2462: 2461:Ravi Varma IV 2459: 2456: 2453: 2450: 2447: 2444: 2441: 2438: 2437:Rama Varma XI 2435: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2423: 2422: 2413: 2412:Rama Varma IX 2410: 2407: 2404: 2401: 2398: 2395: 2392: 2389: 2386: 2383: 2380: 2377: 2374: 2373: 2364: 2361: 2358: 2355: 2352: 2349: 2346: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2334: 2331: 2328: 2325: 2324: 2316: 2310: 2303: 2302:Rama Varma XV 2299: 2292: 2288: 2280: 2276: 2274: 2270: 2260: 2258: 2257:Thripunithura 2254: 2250: 2246: 2245:Thripunithura 2241: 2239: 2235: 2230: 2228: 2222: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2187: 2182: 2180: 2166: 2163: 2160: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2148: 2145: 2142: 2141: 2138: 2137:Wadakkanchery 2135: 2132: 2129: 2128: 2125: 2122: 2119: 2117:Mukundapuram 2116: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2103: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2075: 2072: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2062: 2059: 2058: 2055:Headquarters 2054: 2051: 2048: 2047: 2044: 2036: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1997: 1995: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1954: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1911: 1902: 1900: 1896: 1891: 1889: 1888:North Malabar 1885: 1880: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1856: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1837: 1832: 1823: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1812:Vasco da Gama 1809: 1805: 1800: 1796: 1794: 1790: 1787:merchants in 1786: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1762: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1740: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1721:Fort Emmanuel 1715: 1714:Syrian Church 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1697: 1693: 1688: 1687:Vasco da Gama 1683: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1624: 1620: 1618: 1614: 1604: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1547: 1545: 1544: 1538: 1534: 1532: 1528: 1522: 1520: 1516: 1511: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1491: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1472:Periyar River 1463: 1459: 1455: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1440: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1420: 1418: 1414: 1408: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1349:Early history 1339: 1334: 1332: 1327: 1325: 1320: 1319: 1317: 1316: 1311: 1301: 1300: 1299: 1298: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1283: 1278: 1270: 1269: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1245:South Malabar 1242: 1241:North Malabar 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1150: 1149:Sangam period 1146: 1141: 1133: 1132: 1122: 1115: 1105: 1104: 1101: 1098: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1070:William Logan 1067: 1063: 1059: 1054: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1031: 1026: 1022: 1016: 1014: 1009: 1007: 1003: 999: 998: 992: 978: 976: 972: 968: 964: 963:Paravur Taluk 960: 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 916: 912: 908: 905:taluk of the 904: 900: 896: 887: 878: 876: 872: 868: 863: 859: 855: 850: 848: 844: 840: 836: 832: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 805:in 1956. The 804: 800: 796: 792: 788: 784: 780: 776: 772: 768: 764: 755: 751: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 712: 708: 704: 700: 695: 693: 689: 685: 680: 678: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 654: 645: 642: 640:Today part of 638: 622: 620: 617: 616: 613: 607: 606:Chera Dynasty 604: 597: 596: 593: 592: 589: 586: 584: 581: 580: 576: 572: 569: 565: 561: 555: 551: 547: 541: 537: 533: 529: 523: 519: 513: 509: 505: 501: 497: 494: 491: 485: 481: 475: 471: 467: 465: 461: 457: 454: 451: 445: 441: 435: 431: 427: 425: 421: 418: 414: 411: 407: 404: 400: 396: 391: 384: 380: 377: 373: 370: 367: 363: 360: 356: 352: 351:Thripunithura 348: 344: 341: 338: 334: 328: 324: 321: 318: 315: 311: 308: 305: 301: 298: 297: 296: 292: 288: 283: 278: 274: 266: 263: 255: 252: 237: 234: 226: 216: 212: 206: 205: 201: 195: 186: 185: 176: 173: 165: 154: 151: 147: 144: 140: 137: 133: 130: 126: 123: – 122: 118: 117:Find sources: 111: 107: 101: 100: 95:This article 93: 89: 84: 83: 78: 76: 69: 68: 63: 62: 57: 52: 43: 42: 37: 33: 19: 8203: 8156:19th century 8155: 8153: 8113:18th century 8112: 8110: 8082:17th century 8081: 8079: 7971:16th century 7970: 7968: 7934: 7891:16th century 7890: 7888: 7876: 7875: 7862: 7861: 7850:15th century 7849: 7847: 7802: 7779:20th century 7778: 7776: 7734:19th century 7733: 7731: 7702:17th century 7701: 7699: 7592:16th century 7591: 7589: 7555: 7535:18th century 7534: 7532: 7512:17th century 7511: 7509: 7210:(Nagapatnam) 7130:16th century 7129: 7127: 7103:15th century 7102: 7100: 7066: 6968:17th century 6967: 6965: 6937:Tarut Island 6808:16th century 6807: 6805: 6793:Middle East 6759:Anosy Region 6736: 6708:19th century 6707: 6705: 6674:18th century 6673: 6671: 6631:17th century 6630: 6628: 6532:Saint Helena 6500:16th century 6499: 6497: 6387:15th century 6386: 6384: 6341: 6242:16th century 6241: 6239: 6137:15th century 6136: 6134: 6122:North Africa 6024:Banganapalle 5958:Salute state 5795:Banganapalle 5783:9-gun salute 5729:Narsinghgarh 5376: 5171:Sathyadeepam 5169: 5164:Deshabhimani 5162: 5155: 5148: 5141: 5116:FACT Stadium 5080:Kochi Bypass 5055:Banerji Road 4937:Universities 4647:Luso-Indians 4412: 4385:Tripunithura 4365:Palarivattom 4360:Mattancherry 4355:Marine Drive 4345:Gandhi Nagar 4294:Marine Drive 4219: 4212: 4205: 4196: 4189: 4182: 4176:Bibliography 4165: 4145:. 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Retrieved 3306:the original 3283: 3226: 3207:Perumpadappu 3070: 3023: 3009: 3006: 3001: 2995: 2989: 2967: 2950:Kodungallore 2922:Bhagavathy, 2885:Mahaavrutham 2833: 2824:Nethyar Amma 2805: 2789: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2761: 2749: 2746: 2745:Legislative 2691: 2682: 2676:Independent 2632: 2503:Ravi Varma V 2425:Rama Varma X 2266: 2242: 2234:Mattancherry 2231: 2223: 2211:Kodungallore 2183: 2176: 2124:Irinjalakuda 2080:Mattancherry 2042: 2035:was formed. 2029:Indian state 1998: 1986:Mattancherry 1955: 1916: 1892: 1881: 1862: 1841: 1801: 1797: 1761:Vettathunadu 1759: 1741: 1718: 1684: 1682:of Calicut. 1645: 1621: 1610: 1587: 1583: 1571: 1568:Ming dynasty 1554:The port at 1553: 1542: 1539: 1535: 1531:Kochi rajyam 1530: 1526: 1523: 1518: 1512: 1507: 1504:Mattancherry 1492: 1483: 1469: 1460: 1456: 1451: 1446:(similar to 1441: 1436: 1432: 1426: 1409: 1391: 1367:Perumpadappu 1355:Perumpadappu 1352: 1286:Architecture 1280: 1273:Other topics 1217:Dutch period 1196: 1143: 1058:Keralolpathi 1056: 1034: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1018: 1012: 1010: 1005: 1001: 997:Keralolpathi 995: 993: 989: 957:), parts of 921:), parts of 892: 854:Later Cheras 851: 831:Madras State 829:district in 827:South Canara 803:Madras State 760: 709:, including 696: 681: 673:Kerala state 661:Cochin state 660: 659:or later as 656: 652: 650: 588:Succeeded by 587: 582: 558:• Total 395:Christianity 389: 378: 359:Mattancherry 340:Perumpadappu 273:Kochi Rajyam 272: 262: 247: 229: 223:January 2018 220: 198: 168: 162:October 2017 159: 149: 142: 135: 128: 116: 104:Please help 99:verification 96: 72: 65: 59: 58:Please help 55: 18:Cochin State 8194:Upper Peru 8168:Cisplatina 7926:Nova Scotia 7903:Terra Nova 7492:(Sri Lanka) 7383:Cranganore 7242:(Kozhikode) 7195:Pallipuram 6980:Khor Fakkan 6933:1521?–1551? 6757:A factory ( 6295:(El Jadida) 6269:(Essaouira) 6197:(El Jadida) 6034:Pudukkottai 6008:British Raj 6006:during the 5549:Dhrangadhra 5544:Cooch Behar 5412:Pudukkottai 5266:British Raj 5213:Indiavision 5203:Reporter TV 5150:Mathrubhumi 5065:Park Avenue 4767:Health care 4632:Cochin Jews 4589:Oberon Mall 4548:Consumerfed 4501:Kochi Metro 4476:Cochin Port 4380:Kadavanthra 4304:Hill Palace 3989:|last= 2927:Pazhayannur 2920:Pazhayannur 2408:(1775–1790) 2335:(1565–1601) 2104:Kanayannur 2097:Kodungallur 2086:Cranganore 2025:Kanyakumari 1958:Fort Cochin 1956:Meanwhile, 1931:British Raj 1496:Kodungallur 1480:Arabian Sea 1452:Muppustanam 1375:Kodungallur 1257:Lakshadweep 1193:Kolattunadu 1169:Ezhil Malai 1161:Spice trade 1043:Kanyakumari 959:Kunnathunad 951:Malayattoor 913:), most of 881:Territories 858:Middle Ages 813:(excluding 779:Vilavancode 724:Fort Manuel 684:Kodungallur 583:Preceded by 530:1 July 1949 347:Kodungallur 329:(1815–1947) 316:(1766–1799) 306:(1370–1565) 32:Cochinchina 8269:Categories 7922:1516–1579? 7912:1500–1579? 7899:1500–1579? 7770:Ilha Verde 7720:East Timor 7406:Tuticorin 7302:Chittagong 7208:Negapatam 7159:Cannanore 7088:South Asia 6923:1521–1529? 6892:1515–1633? 6768:from 1879. 6751:from 1753. 6643:Ziguinchor 6575:Madagascar 6409:Cape Verde 6308:(Azemmour) 6039:Travancore 5920:Sawantwadi 5875:Mayurbhanj 5850:Khilchipur 5709:Malerkotla 5670:Chhatarpur 5574:Kapurthala 5503:Pratapgarh 5493:Kishangarh 5357:Bahawalpur 5336:Travancore 5255:Gun salute 4662:Kalabhavan 4515:Government 4340:Fort Kochi 4147:14 October 3720:2 December 3695:2 December 3670:5 December 3238:References 2929:Bhagavathy 2873:Upanayanam 2849:Pumsavanom 2842:Pumsavanom 2812:Namboodiri 2795:Common Era 2750:(1948–49) 2747:Assembly 2704:T. K. Nair 2683:(1945–48) 2215:Cranganore 2130:Talapalli 2093:Cranganore 2005:Travancore 1970:Thalassery 1939:Travancore 1923:Fort Kochi 1895:Coimbatore 1725:Fort Kochi 1676:Franciscan 1660:Portuguese 1640:Portuguese 1578:, Admiral 1448:Travancore 1397:Porlathiri 1387:Tirunavaya 1373:) fled to 1189:Valluvanad 1074:Common Era 1066:Common Era 1062:Common Era 915:Kanayannur 911:Fort Kochi 837:-state of 773:-majority 728:Portuguese 688:Cranganore 482:John Munro 409:Government 386:(official) 312:Under the 302:Under the 200:neutrality 132:newspapers 61:improve it 36:Đàng Trong 8196:(Bolivia) 8177:1809–1817 8170:(Uruguay) 8164:1808–1822 8141:1772–1775 8131:1772–1775 8121:1751–1772 8100:1680–1777 8090:1621–1751 8067:1536–1620 7979:1500–1822 7795:(Hengqin) 7710:1642–1975 7689:1580–1586 7679:1557–1999 7673:Larantuka 7669:1515–1859 7659:1512–1665 7610:1512–1621 7600:1511–1641 7499:1558–1573 7486:1518–1658 7476:1518–1521 7429:Mangalore 7256:(Pulicat) 7174:1659–1661 7111:1498–1545 7046:1624–1648 6996:1621–1622 6953:1588–1648 6943:1550–1551 6902:1521–1602 6872:1515–1650 6852:1515–1648 6839:1515–1622 6829:1507–1643 6816:1506–1615 6726:1885–1974 6716:1879–1974 6695:1753–1975 6688:(Mombasa) 6686:Mombassa 6682:1728–1729 6659:1687–1974 6649:1680–1961 6639:1645–1888 6619:(Mombasa) 6617:Mombassa 6613:1593–1698 6601:1588–1974 6591:1575–1975 6581:1557–1578 6571:1508–1547 6561:1506–1511 6548:1505–1512 6538:1503–1698 6528:1502–1659 6518:1501–1975 6508:1500–1630 6485:1498–1540 6475:1482–1642 6462:1482–1637 6449:1478–1778 6439:1474–1778 6427:1471–1975 6415:1470–1975 6405:1462–1975 6395:1455–1633 6328:1577–1589 6315:1515–1541 6302:1513–1541 6289:1506–1769 6276:1506–1525 6263:1506–1525 6250:1505–1541 6214:1488–1541 6191:1485–1550 6181:1471–1662 6168:1471–1550 6155:1458–1550 6145:1415–1640 5845:Kalahandi 5830:Dharampur 5805:Baraundha 5790:Balasinor 5739:Radhanpur 5665:Charkhari 5630:Alirajpur 5594:Porbandar 5584:Nawanagar 5539:Bhavnagar 5483:Jaisalmer 5473:Dungarpur 5362:Bharatpur 5290:Hyderabad 5198:Jeevan TV 4667:Malayalam 4438:Transport 4335:Ernakulam 4330:Edappally 4287:Landmarks 4108:6 January 4102:The Hindu 4045:6 January 3981:cite news 3971:5 January 3960:The Hindu 3900:6 January 3873:6 January 3847:6 January 3825:6 January 3803:7 January 3773:31 August 3400:, p.94-95 3374:Hunter's 3312:7 January 3136:Nalukettu 2634:(Monarch) 2628:Assembly 2619:Portrait 2229:in 1500. 2184:When the 2111:Ernakulam 2021:Kasaragod 1990:Ernakulam 1974:Kozhikode 1877:Kolathiri 1873:Cannanore 1865:Hyder Ali 1802:In 1530, 1752:Kozhikode 1652:Kozhikode 1556:Kozhikode 1484:karapuram 1277:Geography 1153:Tamilakam 1051:Karnataka 1019:The last 969:) of the 927:Karukutty 919:Edappally 867:Edappally 835:Malayalam 825:taluk of 823:Kasaragod 815:Laccadive 807:Malayalam 795:Sengottai 679:in 1949. 375:Religion 369:Malayalam 211:talk page 67:talk page 8094:Maranhão 8071:Barbados 7916:Labrador 7693:Nagasaki 7663:Makassar 7526:Mylapore 7503:Maldives 7480:Maldives 7349:(Mumbai) 7291:Mylapore 7161:(Kannur) 6911:Muharraq 6771:Part of 6764:Part of 6754:Or 1600. 6747:Part of 6542:Zanzibar 6432:Príncipe 6420:São Tomé 6334:(Asilah) 6321:(Mehdya) 6293:Mazagan 6267:Mogador 6256:(Agadir) 6231:Graciosa 6195:Mazagan 6174:(Asilah) 5940:Yawnghwe 5925:Shahpura 5890:Palitana 5865:Lunavada 5774:Wankaner 5699:Jafrabad 5680:Faridkot 5650:Bilaspur 5625:Ajaigarh 5599:Rajpipla 5589:Palanpur 5569:Junagadh 5559:Jhalawar 5488:Khairpur 5458:Dewas Jr 5453:Dewas Sr 5443:Banswara 5331:Kolhapur 5208:Kochu TV 5188:Surya TV 5070:S.A Road 4375:Kakkanad 4118:cite web 4071:15 April 3645:7 August 3166:See also 3077:Thrissur 3061:George V 3059:by King 3053:Maharaja 3049:Palakkad 3037:Thrissur 3025:Maharaja 3002:Subhadra 2944:between 2897:Marriage 2249:Thrissur 2238:Thrissur 2186:Zamorins 2173:Capitals 2154:Thrissur 2143:Trichur 2060:Chittur 1978:Palakkad 1897:through 1680:Zamorins 1662:Admiral 1580:Zheng He 1515:Edapalli 1490:island. 1478:and the 1417:Purakkad 1413:Aanamala 1381:annexed 1092:a series 1090:Part of 1049:(now in 1030:Kaliyuga 1021:Thavazhi 955:Manjapra 939:Chowwara 931:Angamaly 787:Thovalai 783:Kalkulam 711:Edapalli 707:Zamorins 567:Currency 552:estimate 390:Minority 383:Hinduism 379:Majority 355:Thrissur 204:disputed 8183:(Amapá) 7864:Madeira 7750:Coloane 7627:Ternate 7370:Baçaím 7360:Ponnani 7347:Bombay 7239:Calicut 7148:(Kochi) 7146:Cochim 7056:1624?–? 7020:Libedia 6986:1621?–? 6906:Bahrain 6882:1515?–? 6856:Quriyat 6845:(Ormus) 6843:Hormuz 6565:Socotra 6554:(Kilwa) 6552:Quíloa 6512:Malindi 6466:Elmina 6455:(Bioko) 6443:Annobón 6332:Arzila 6306:Azamor 6208:Ouadane 6185:Tangier 6172:Arzila 6002:of the 5935:Wadhwan 5930:Sonepur 5764:Sitamau 5754:Samthar 5749:Sailana 5744:Rajgarh 5719:Manipur 5695:Janjira 5675:Chitral 5645:Bijawar 5640:Barwani 5609:Tripura 5534:Benares 5468:Dholpur 5407:Patiala 5397:Karauli 5392:Jodhpur 5367:Bikaner 5341:Udaipur 5285:Gwalior 5193:Flowers 4861:Schools 4624:Culture 4614:Q1 Mall 4405:History 4390:Vyttila 4199:. 1878. 3212:Ponnani 3087:Gallery 3081:Chazhur 3029:consort 2924:Chazhur 2905:Deities 2867:Choulam 2195:Zamorin 2150:Trichur 2073:Cochin 2067:Chittur 1899:Palghat 1785:Mappila 1672:factory 1668:Calicut 1617:Calicut 1613:Zamorin 1519:Repelim 1401:Zamorin 1393:Calicut 1383:Ponnani 1371:Ponnani 1359:Ponnani 1282:Economy 1181:Calicut 1072:in 825 1047:Gokarna 981:History 943:Kanjoor 925:taluk ( 903:Chittur 899:Alathur 856:in the 845:of the 819:Minicoy 746:, with 705:to the 703:vassals 503:History 399:Judaism 343:Ponnani 336:Capital 325:of the 146:scholar 8204: 8061:Brazil 8058: 8048:Brazil 8045: 8032: 8019: 8009:Brazil 8006: 7993: 7983:Brazil 7935: 7878:Azores 7803: 7653:Tidore 7650: 7637: 7624: 7614:Maluku 7556: 7441: 7279: 7231: 7180:Quilon 7172: 7067: 7036:1624–? 7026:1624–? 7016:1623–? 7010:Khasab 7006:1623–? 6990:As Sib 6976:1620–? 6957:Matrah 6915:Manama 6876:Muscat 6866:Qalhat 6862:1515–? 6820:Gamru 6737: 6664:Bissau 6606:Cacheu 6399:Arguim 6342: 6220:(Safi) 6218:Safim 6055:Sandur 6029:Cochin 5910:Sangli 5905:Sachin 5900:Rajkot 5880:Mudhol 5870:Maihar 5860:Loharu 5855:Limbdi 5840:Jawhar 5800:Bansda 5759:Sirmur 5704:Jhabua 5690:Gondal 5660:Chamba 5655:Cambay 5604:Ratlam 5518:Sirohi 5513:Sikkim 5508:Rampur 5498:Orchha 5387:Jaipur 5377:Cochin 5321:Indore 5316:Bhopal 5300:Mysore 5280:Baroda 5094:Sports 4350:Kaloor 4168:– By 3821:. 2007 3799:. 2007 3746:23 May 3615:23 May 3573:23 May 3524: 3031:named 2934:Vishnu 2772:Cochin 2625:Party 2253:Cochin 2191:Cochin 2164:1,362 2161:Total 2049:Taluk 2033:Kerala 1976:, and 1966:Kannur 1951:Madras 1869:Bednur 1848:Quilon 1782:Muslim 1770:Vettom 1648:Kappad 1584:Keyili 1572:Keyili 1564:Kollam 1560:Kannur 1444:Kerala 1433:tavali 1405:Eranad 1369:(near 1197:Cochin 1157:Cheras 1094:on the 1078:Kerala 1004:, and 986:Origin 975:Kerala 935:Kalady 839:Kerala 793:, and 775:taluks 734:, the 542: 506: 468: 428: 294:Status 148: 141: 134: 127: 119: 8022:Bahia 7760:Taipa 7683:Macau 7640:Ambon 7453:Hugli 7396:Surat 7327:Chalé 7317:Chaul 7267:Chaul 7040:Madha 7030:Kalba 7000:Qeshm 6947:Qatif 6927:Qatif 6886:Barka 6833:Sohar 6585:Accra 6280:Aguz 6149:Ceuta 5895:Patna 5885:Nagod 5835:Dhrol 5825:Danta 5810:Baria 5769:Suket 5734:Panna 5724:Morvi 5714:Mandi 5635:Baoni 5579:Nabha 5554:Jaora 5448:Datia 5438:Alwar 5382:Cutch 5372:Bundi 5326:Kalat 5135:Press 5038:Roads 4692:Vishu 4582:Malls 4280:Kochi 3280:(PDF) 3218:Notes 3045:Menon 2820:Menon 2641:From 2616:Name 2203:Vypin 2152:(Now 2095:(Now 1927:Banca 1844:Dutch 1789:Tanur 1774:Tanur 1766:Tanur 1706:Relic 1692:Vypin 1500:Kochi 1488:Vypin 1429:Nairs 1389:war. 1357:near 1291:Forts 1082:Chera 923:Aluva 875:Vypin 871:Kochi 771:Tamil 697:When 669:Hindu 665:Kochi 644:India 571:Rupee 464:Diwan 403:Islam 153:JSTOR 139:books 8190:1822 7872:1432 7858:1420 7233:1750 6227:1489 5915:Sant 5815:Bhor 5564:Jind 5478:Idar 5463:Dhar 5422:Tonk 5417:Rewa 5402:Kota 4672:Onam 4149:2021 4124:link 4110:2008 4073:2020 4047:2008 4021:2020 3993:help 3973:2012 3902:2008 3875:2008 3849:2008 3827:2008 3805:2008 3775:2022 3748:2006 3722:2020 3697:2020 3672:2020 3647:2016 3617:2006 3575:2006 3522:ISBN 3314:2008 3041:Nair 2996:Amba 2948:and 2816:Nair 2762:The 2255:and 2146:225 2133:271 2120:418 2063:285 1988:and 1834:The 1723:(at 1510:"). 1437:raja 1136:Main 1045:and 1033:day 1011:The 873:and 817:and 761:The 651:The 424:Raja 197:The 125:news 7221:Goa 3797:PBS 3459:doi 2644:To 2612:No. 2556:by 2107:81 2089:19 2076:63 2031:of 2015:of 1708:of 1615:of 1454:). 1403:of 1165:Ays 1023:of 801:to 777:of 546:PPP 540:GDP 108:by 8271:: 4140:. 4120:}} 4116:{{ 4100:. 4012:. 4001:^ 3985:: 3983:}} 3979:{{ 3957:. 3795:. 3633:. 3603:. 3583:^ 3561:. 3455:79 3453:. 3431:^ 3358:^ 3337:^ 3292:^ 3282:. 3268:^ 3246:^ 3075:, 2826:. 2721:3 2700:2 2690:, 2652:1 2273:CE 2251:, 2221:. 2156:) 2099:) 2019:. 1972:, 1968:, 1795:. 1650:, 1562:, 1068:, 1037:. 1000:, 977:. 953:, 949:, 945:, 941:, 937:, 933:, 929:, 849:. 789:, 785:, 781:, 694:. 392:: 381:: 70:. 7722:) 7718:( 6917:) 6909:( 6102:e 6095:t 6088:v 5992:e 5985:t 5978:v 5697:/ 5260:( 5247:e 5240:t 5233:v 4272:e 4265:t 4258:v 4222:. 4151:. 4126:) 4112:. 4075:. 4049:. 4023:. 3995:) 3975:. 3904:. 3877:. 3851:. 3829:. 3807:. 3781:. 3750:. 3724:. 3699:. 3674:. 3649:. 3619:. 3577:. 3530:. 3467:. 3465:. 3461:: 3413:. 3331:. 3316:. 3079:( 3043:/ 2952:) 2936:( 2851:. 2818:/ 2542:. 2213:( 1758:( 1517:( 1395:( 1337:e 1330:t 1323:v 965:( 686:( 548:) 544:( 254:) 248:( 236:) 230:( 225:) 221:( 217:. 207:. 175:) 169:( 164:) 160:( 150:· 143:· 136:· 129:· 102:. 77:) 73:( 38:. 20:)

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