102:
329:, the "shrill thorntree cicada", is the loudest insect in the world, able to produce a song that exceeds 100 decibels. Male cicadas can produce four types of acoustic signals: songs, calls, low-amplitude songs, and disturbance sounds. Unlike members of the order Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids), who use stridulation to produce sounds, members of Cicadidae produce sounds using a pair of tymbals, which are modified membranes located on the abdomen. In order to produce sound, each tymbal is pulled inwards by a connected muscle, and the deformation of the stiff membrane produces a 'click.'
124:
1576:
233:
1564:
1516:; Gordon, Eric R. L.; Moulds, Max S.; Cole, Jerrrey A.; Haji, Diler; Lemmon, Alan R.; Lemmon, Emily Moriarty; Kortyna, Michelle; Nazario, Kathrine; Wade, Elizabeth J.; Meister, Russell C.; Goemans, Geert; Chiswell, Stephen M.; Pessacq, Pablo; Veloso, Claudio; McCutcheon, John P.; Lukasik, Piotr (2019).
1296:
Marshall, David C.; Moulds, Max; Hill, Kathy B. R.; Price, Benjamin W.; Wade, Elizabeth J.; Owen, Christopher L.; Goemans, Geert; Marathe, Kiran; Sarkar, Vivek; Cooley, John R.; Sanborn, Allen F.; Kunte, Krushnamegh; Villet, Martin H.; Simon, Chris (28 May 2018). "A molecular phylogeny of the cicadas
1340:
Simon, Chris; Gordon, Eric R L; Moulds, M S; Cole, Jeffrey A; Haji, Diler; Lemmon, Alan R; Lemmon, Emily
Moriarty; Kortyna, Michelle; Nazario, Katherine; Wade, Elizabeth J; Meister, Russell C; Goemans, Geert; Chiswell, Stephen M; Pessacq, Pablo; Veloso, Claudio; McCutcheon, John P; Łukasik, Piotr (6
337:
Newly emerged cicadas climb up trees and molt into their adult stage, now equipped with wings. Males call to attract females, producing the distinct noisy songs cicadas are known for. Females respond to males with a 'click' made by flicking their wings. Once a male has found a female partner, his
1469:
Sanborn, Allen F.; Marshall, David C.; Moulds, Maxwell S.; Puissant, Stéphane; Simon, Chris (2 March 2020). "Redefinition of the cicada tribe
Hemidictyini Distant, 1905, status of the tribe Iruanini Boulard, 1993 rev. stat., and the establishment of Hovanini n. tribe and Sapantangini n. tribe
1384:
Hill, Kathy B. R.; Marshall, David C.; Marathe, Kiran; Moulds, Maxwell S.; Lee, Young June; Pham, Thai-Hong; Mohagan, Alma B.; Sarkar, Vivek; Price, Benjamin W.; Duffels, J. P.; Schouten, Marieke A.; de Boer, Arnold J.; Kunte, Krushnamegh; Simon, Chris (2021). "The molecular systematics and
1072:
Jiang, Hui; Szwedo, Jacek; Labandeira, Conrad C.; Chen, Jun; Moulds, Maxwell S.; Mähler, Bastian; Muscente, A. Drew; Zhuo, De; Nyunt, Thet Tin; Zhang, Haichun; Wei, Cong; Rust, Jes; Wang, Bo (2024-01-08).
1422:"Out of Africa? A dated molecular phylogeny of the cicada tribe Platypleurini Schmidt (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), with a focus on African genera and the genus Platypleura Amyot & Audinet-Serville"
304:
also have multiple-year life cycles but emerge in synchrony or near synchrony in any one location and are absent as adults in the intervening years. The most well-known periodical cicadas, genus
300:
remain underground as nymphs for two or more years and the population is not locally synchronized in its development, so that some adults mature each year or in most years.
288:
Cicadas are large insects characterized by their membranous wings, triangular-formation of three ocelli on the top of their heads, and their short, bristle-like antennae.
1213:
Cocroft, Reginald B.; Pogue, Michael (1996). "Social
Behavior and Communication in the Neotropical Cicada Fidicina mannifera (Fabricius) (Homoptera: Cicadidae)".
636:
1782:
856:
276:
from
Myanmar suggests that unlike many modern cicadas, they were either silent or only made quiet sounds. The oldest modern cicadids date to the
892:
501:
1821:
1385:
diversification of a taxonomically unstable group of Asian cicada tribes related to
Cicadini Latreille, 1802 (Hemiptera : Cicadidae)".
1171:
519:
358:, the true bugs. There are five subfamilies within Cicadidae: Cicadettinae, Cicadinae, Tettigomyiinae, Tibicininae, and Derotettiginae.
809:
800:
735:
1756:
1795:
1518:"Off-target capture data, endosymbiont genes and morphology reveal a relict lineage that is sister to all other singing cicadas"
1343:"Off-target capture data, endosymbiont genes and morphology reveal a relict lineage that is sister to all other singing cicadas"
1800:
1185:
323:
Cicadas are known for the loud airborne sounds that males of most species make to attract mates. One member of this family,
249:, is one of two families of cicadas, containing almost all living cicada species with more than 3,200 species worldwide.
1580:
1908:
1735:
1826:
1748:
998:
Lacetasini Moulds and
Marshall, 2018, is now recognized as a subjective junior synonym of Iruanini Boulard, 1983.
971:
Sinosenini
Boulard, 1975, is now recognized as a subjective junior synonym of subtribe Dundubiina Distant, 1905.
1808:
989:
Synonomised with
Cryptotympanini Handlirsch, 1925 by Marshall et al. (2018 p. 38). Tacuini has date priority.
1132:"Cicada fossils (Cicadoidea: Tettigarctidae and Cicadidae) with a review of the named fossilised Cicadidae"
1420:
Price, Benjamin W.; Marshall, David C.; Barker, Nigel P.; Simon, Chris; Villet, Martin H. (October 2019).
101:
1665:
1652:
1670:
1568:
980:
Orapini
Boulard, 1985, is now recognized as a subjective junior synonym of Platypleurini Schmidt, 1918.
1875:
123:
1836:
1011:
962:
Synonomised with
Tacuini Distant, 1904 by Marshall et al. (2018 p. 38). Tacuini has date priority.
1513:
1862:
1592:
1240:
Young, D; Bennet-Clark, H (1 April 1995). "The role of the tymbal in cicada sound production".
1857:
1787:
1849:
296:
Cicadas are generally separated into two categories based on their adult emergence pattern.
1704:
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8:
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1054:
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118:
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1455:
1406:
1314:
1257:
1153:
1112:
1094:
1058:
1326:
1033:"True cicadas (Cicadidae) as prey for the birds of the Western Palearctic: a review"
1903:
1696:
1539:
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1479:
1441:
1394:
1364:
1354:
1306:
1249:
1143:
1102:
1086:
1044:
325:
1644:
1075:"Mesozoic evolution of cicadas and their origins of vocalization and root feeding"
1657:
744:
717:
663:
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510:
351:
185:
1813:
1534:
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1359:
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1032:
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258:
1483:
1310:
1279:
1148:
1131:
1892:
1615:
1297:(Hemiptera: Cicadidae) with a review of tribe and subfamily classification".
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939:
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672:
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59:
1199:
1491:
1318:
1253:
1157:
1116:
883:
874:
582:
573:
436:
427:
363:
1261:
257:
The earliest fossils of cicadas more closely related to Cicadidae than to
1769:
1624:
910:
901:
846:
818:
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600:
445:
409:
400:
373:
266:
34:
1544:
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1446:
1421:
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708:
645:
609:
591:
528:
382:
347:
306:
270:
110:
79:
44:
1774:
1717:
1683:
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491:
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463:
454:
355:
277:
175:
155:
135:
84:
1761:
1586:
1398:
232:
1722:
1678:
1609:
1575:
771:
762:
753:
726:
618:
537:
472:
262:
74:
69:
54:
49:
39:
418:
89:
64:
1709:
1563:
354:, containing cicadas, hoppers, and relatives, within the order
195:
165:
145:
1200:"Loudest | Science Literacy and Outreach | Nebraska"
1870:
1468:
1383:
1071:
1419:
346:
Cicadidae is one of two families within the superfamily
1295:
1291:
1289:
1287:
338:
call changes to indicate that they are a mating pair.
1512:
1339:
1284:
1239:
1890:
1212:
1280:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tjLiWy2nT7U
1215:Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society
100:
1543:
1533:
1522:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
1445:
1368:
1358:
1347:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
1278:, uploaded by BBC Studios, 24 Oct. 2008,
1147:
1106:
1048:
310:, emerge as adults every 13 or 17 years.
265:period. The morphology of well preserved
231:
1528:(4). Oxford University Press: 865–886.
1891:
1129:
350:. This superfamily is in the suborder
1591:
1590:
896:Sanborn, Moulds, & Marshall, 2020
1876:D745D62F-FF85-1909-FF03-6419FEE7F868
1837:3c2fc5e1-286e-4284-8b86-04d84862c61b
1749:7fd9c00a-cf87-4ace-ae0f-a0b138f7a051
1506:
1030:
804:Sanborn, Moulds & Marshall, 2020
13:
775:Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
703:Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
640:Moulds, Marshall, and Popple, 2021
14:
1920:
1556:
341:
1574:
1562:
318:
223:
122:
32:
1462:
1413:
1377:
1333:
1242:Journal of Experimental Biology
992:
983:
974:
965:
956:
523:Moulds, Lee, and Marshall, 2021
332:
1268:
1233:
1206:
1192:
1178:
1164:
1130:Moulds, M. S. (22 June 2018).
1123:
1065:
1024:
283:
1:
1017:
291:
1274:"Amazing Cicada Life Cycle."
1031:Pons, Pere (December 2020).
550:Boulard & Puissant, 2013
252:
7:
1005:
905:Moulds & Marshall, 2018
822:Moulds & Marshall, 2018
604:Moulds & Marshall, 2018
449:Moulds & Marshall, 2018
440:Moulds & Marshall, 2018
422:Moulds & Marshall, 2018
10:
1925:
1091:10.1038/s41467-023-44446-x
1050:10.1186/s40657-020-00200-1
313:
1599:
1535:10.1093/biolinnean/blz120
1484:10.11646/zootaxa.4747.1.5
1470:(Hemiptera: Cicadidae)".
1360:10.1093/biolinnean/blz120
1311:10.11646/zootaxa.4424.1.1
1149:10.11646/zootaxa.4438.3.2
220:
215:
119:Scientific classification
117:
108:
99:
23:
1909:Auchenorrhyncha families
1387:Invertebrate Systematics
1012:List of Cicadidae genera
949:
16:Family of cicada insects
467:Moulds & Hill, 2018
1254:10.1242/jeb.198.4.1001
239:
1858:Paleobiology Database
1426:Systematic Entomology
1079:Nature Communications
235:
1744:Fauna Europaea (new)
1571:at Wikimedia Commons
1186:"Periodical Cicadas"
1438:2019SysEn..44..842P
1447:10.1111/syen.12360
1172:"Family Cicadidae"
302:Periodical cicadas
269:cicadids from mid-
240:
1886:
1885:
1845:Open Tree of Life
1593:Taxon identifiers
1567:Media related to
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30:Paleocene–Present
1916:
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1814:NBNSYS0000159694
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1579:Data related to
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1362:
1341:December 2019).
1337:
1331:
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1293:
1282:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1248:(4): 1001–1020.
1237:
1231:
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1210:
1204:
1203:
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1190:
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747:
738:
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637:Kimberpsaltriini
630:
621:
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603:
594:
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576:
568:Handlirsch, 1925
567:
558:
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540:
531:
522:
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412:
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326:Brevisana brevis
209:
127:
126:
104:
94:
31:
27:Temporal range:
21:
20:
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1923:
1919:
1918:
1917:
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1913:
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1414:
1399:10.1071/IS20079
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1128:
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1070:
1066:
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1002:
997:
993:
988:
984:
979:
975:
970:
966:
961:
957:
952:
947:
745:Talcopsaltriini
718:Psithyristriini
664:Macrotristriini
655:Leptopsaltriini
628:Jassopsaltriini
565:Cryptotympanini
556:Cosmopsaltriini
541:Latreille, 1802
511:Arenopsaltriini
495:Latreille, 1802
476:Matsumura, 1917
352:Auchenorrhyncha
344:
335:
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286:
255:
210:Latreille, 1802
208:
186:Auchenorrhyncha
121:
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37:
29:
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1731:Fauna Europaea
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1583:at Wikispecies
1572:
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1557:External links
1555:
1552:
1551:
1505:
1478:(1): 133–155.
1461:
1432:(4): 842–861.
1412:
1376:
1353:(4): 865–886.
1332:
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1267:
1232:
1205:
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1163:
1142:(3): 443–470.
1122:
1064:
1037:Avian Research
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1001:
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930:Derotettiginae
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815:
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791:Tettigomyiinae
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676:Ishihara, 1961
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547:Cicadmalleuini
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342:Classification
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298:Annual cicadas
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1027:
1023:
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995:
986:
977:
968:
959:
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941:
940:Derotettigini
937:
936:
935:
931:
923:Distant, 1905
921:
917:
914:Distant, 1905
912:
908:
903:
899:
894:
890:
885:
881:
878:Distant, 1905
876:
872:
869:Sanborn, 2014
867:
866:Chilecicadini
863:
860:Sanborn, 2021
858:
857:Citroriginini
854:
853:
852:
850:Distant, 1905
848:
840:Boulard, 1973
838:
834:
831:Distant, 1905
829:
828:Tettigomyiini
825:
820:
816:
813:Boulard, 1983
811:
807:
802:
798:
797:
796:
794:Distant, 1905
792:
784:Distant, 1905
782:
778:
773:
769:
766:Distant, 1904
764:
760:
755:
751:
746:
742:
739:Distant, 1904
737:
733:
728:
724:
721:Distant, 1905
719:
715:
710:
706:
701:
697:
694:Distant, 1905
692:
688:
685:Schmidt, 1918
683:
682:Platypleurini
679:
674:
673:Oncotympanini
670:
665:
661:
658:Moulton, 1923
656:
652:
649:Distant, 1905
647:
643:
638:
634:
629:
625:
622:Distant, 1905
620:
616:
613:Distant, 1905
611:
607:
602:
598:
595:Distant, 1905
593:
589:
584:
580:
577:Distant, 1904
575:
571:
566:
562:
557:
553:
548:
544:
539:
535:
530:
526:
521:
517:
512:
508:
505:Sanborn, 2021
503:
499:
498:
497:
493:
485:Distant, 1905
483:
479:
474:
470:
465:
461:
458:Distant, 1905
456:
452:
447:
443:
438:
434:
431:Boulard, 1976
429:
425:
420:
416:
413:Buckton, 1890
411:
407:
404:Distant, 1905
402:
398:
395:Distant, 1905
393:
392:Chlorocystini
389:
386:Distant, 1905
384:
380:
377:Sanborn, 2018
375:
371:
370:
369:
367:Buckton, 1890
365:
359:
357:
353:
349:
339:
330:
328:
327:
319:Communication
311:
309:
308:
303:
299:
289:
281:
279:
275:
274:Burmese amber
272:
268:
264:
260:
250:
248:
244:
238:
234:
226:
225:
219:
214:
207:
204:
201:
200:
197:
194:
192:Superfamily:
191:
190:
187:
184:
181:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
167:
164:
161:
160:
157:
154:
151:
150:
147:
144:
141:
140:
137:
134:
131:
130:
125:
120:
116:
113:
112:
107:
103:
98:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
36:
22:
19:
1600:
1545:11336/137011
1525:
1521:
1514:Simon, Chris
1508:
1475:
1471:
1464:
1429:
1425:
1415:
1390:
1386:
1379:
1370:11336/137011
1350:
1346:
1335:
1302:
1298:
1275:
1270:
1245:
1241:
1235:
1221:(4): 85–97.
1218:
1214:
1208:
1194:
1180:
1166:
1139:
1135:
1125:
1082:
1078:
1067:
1040:
1036:
1026:
994:
985:
976:
967:
958:
943:Moulds, 2019
933:Moulds, 2019
927:
893:Sapantangini
884:Platypediini
875:Hemidictyini
844:
788:
757:Moulds, 2005
748:Moulds, 2008
712:Moulds, 2018
667:Moulds, 2018
631:Moulds, 2005
583:Distantadini
574:Cyclochilini
532:Moulds, 2005
514:Moulds, 2018
502:Antankariini
489:
437:Nelcyndanini
428:Lamotialnini
364:Cicadettinae
361:
345:
336:
333:Reproduction
324:
322:
305:
295:
287:
261:date to the
256:
247:true cicadas
246:
242:
241:
236:
221:
216:Subfamilies
205:
109:
18:
1770:iNaturalist
1625:Wikispecies
1305:(1): 1–64.
911:Tettigadini
902:Selymbriini
847:Tibicininae
819:Malagasiini
700:Polyneurini
691:Plautillini
601:Durangonini
586:Orian, 1963
446:Pagiphorini
410:Cicadettini
401:Cicadatrini
374:Aragualnini
284:Description
1893:Categories
1393:(5): 570.
1085:(1): 376.
1018:References
928:Subfamily
920:Tibicinini
887:Kato, 1932
845:Subfamily
789:Subfamily
709:Psaltodini
646:Lahugadini
610:Fidicinini
592:Dundubiini
559:Kato, 1932
529:Burbungini
490:Subfamily
383:Carinetini
362:Subfamily
348:Cicadoidea
307:Magicicada
292:Life cycle
271:Cretaceous
196:Cicadoidea
182:Suborder:
156:Arthropoda
111:Neotibicen
1899:Cicadidae
1658:Cicadidae
1645:Cicadidae
1631:Cicadidae
1601:Cicadidae
1581:Cicadidae
1569:Cicadidae
1500:214750328
1456:133591262
1407:237857963
1099:2041-1723
1059:218593305
1043:(1): 14.
837:Ydiellini
781:Zammarini
730:Lee, 2010
520:Ayuthiini
492:Cicadinae
482:Taphurini
464:Pictilini
455:Parnisini
356:Hemiptera
278:Paleocene
253:Evolution
243:Cicadidae
206:Cicadidae
176:Hemiptera
142:Kingdom:
136:Eukaryota
24:Cicadidae
1679:BugGuide
1610:Wikidata
1492:32230121
1327:52976455
1319:30313477
1227:25085708
1158:30313130
1117:38191461
1108:10774268
1006:See also
810:Iruanini
801:Hovanini
772:Tosenini
763:Thophini
754:Tamasini
727:Sonatini
619:Gaeanini
538:Cicadini
473:Prasiini
263:Jurassic
202:Family:
152:Phylum:
146:Animalia
132:Domain:
1904:Cicadas
1710:2645413
1616:Q130778
1472:Zootaxa
1434:Bibcode
1299:Zootaxa
1276:Youtube
1262:9318802
1136:Zootaxa
736:Tacuini
419:Katoini
314:Ecology
172:Order:
166:Insecta
162:Class:
1850:290567
1834:NZOR:
1801:109169
1788:101734
1723:1CICAF
1498:
1490:
1454:
1405:
1325:
1317:
1260:
1225:
1156:
1115:
1105:
1097:
1057:
938:Tribe
918:Tribe
909:Tribe
900:Tribe
891:Tribe
882:Tribe
873:Tribe
864:Tribe
855:Tribe
835:Tribe
826:Tribe
817:Tribe
808:Tribe
799:Tribe
779:Tribe
770:Tribe
761:Tribe
752:Tribe
743:Tribe
734:Tribe
725:Tribe
716:Tribe
707:Tribe
698:Tribe
689:Tribe
680:Tribe
671:Tribe
662:Tribe
653:Tribe
644:Tribe
635:Tribe
626:Tribe
617:Tribe
608:Tribe
599:Tribe
590:Tribe
581:Tribe
572:Tribe
563:Tribe
554:Tribe
545:Tribe
536:Tribe
527:Tribe
518:Tribe
509:Tribe
500:Tribe
480:Tribe
471:Tribe
462:Tribe
453:Tribe
444:Tribe
435:Tribe
426:Tribe
417:Tribe
408:Tribe
399:Tribe
390:Tribe
381:Tribe
372:Tribe
245:, the
1871:Plazi
1863:71745
1783:IRMNG
1775:50186
1736:15877
1697:8R3HZ
1496:S2CID
1452:S2CID
1403:S2CID
1323:S2CID
1223:JSTOR
1055:S2CID
950:Notes
1827:7033
1822:NCBI
1796:ITIS
1762:6049
1757:GBIF
1718:EPPO
1671:1289
1666:BOLD
1488:PMID
1476:4747
1315:PMID
1303:4424
1258:PMID
1154:PMID
1140:4438
1113:PMID
1095:ISSN
267:stem
224:text
222:See
35:PreꞒ
1809:NBN
1705:EoL
1692:CoL
1684:101
1653:AFD
1640:ADW
1540:hdl
1530:doi
1526:128
1480:doi
1442:doi
1395:doi
1365:hdl
1355:doi
1351:128
1307:doi
1250:doi
1246:198
1144:doi
1103:PMC
1087:doi
1045:doi
1895::
1873::
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1538:.
1524:.
1520:.
1494:.
1486:.
1474:.
1450:.
1440:.
1430:44
1428:.
1424:.
1401:.
1391:35
1389:.
1363:.
1349:.
1345:.
1321:.
1313:.
1301:.
1286:^
1256:.
1244:.
1219:69
1217:.
1152:.
1138:.
1134:.
1111:.
1101:.
1093:.
1083:15
1081:.
1077:.
1053:.
1041:11
1039:.
1035:.
280:.
85:Pg
1548:.
1542::
1532::
1502:.
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1444::
1436::
1409:.
1397::
1373:.
1367::
1357::
1329:.
1309::
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1252::
1229:.
1202:.
1188:.
1174:.
1160:.
1146::
1119:.
1089::
1061:.
1047::
90:N
80:K
75:J
70:T
65:P
60:C
55:D
50:S
45:O
40:Ꞓ
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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