65:
1970:
1990:
2815:
1632:, with symbols: KRTAP6-1, KRTAP6-2, KRTAP6-3, KRTAP7-1, KRTAP8-1, KRTAP10-1, KRTAP10-2, KRTAP10-3, KRTAP10-4, KRTAP10-5, KRTAP10-6, KRTAP10-7, KRTAP10-8, KRTAP10-9, KRTAP10-10, KRTAP10-11, KRTAP10-12, KRTAP11-1, KRTAP12-1, KRTAP12-1, KRTAP12-2, KRTAP12-3, KRTAP12-4, KRTAP13-1, KRTAP13-2, KRTAP13-3, KRTAP13-4, KRTAP15-1, KRTAP19-1, KRTAP19-2, KRTAP19-3, KRTAP19-4, KRTAP19-5, KRTAP19-6, KRTAP19-7, KRTAP19-8, KRTAP20-1, KRTAP20-2, KRTAP20-3, KRTAP20-4, KRTAP21-1, KRTAP21-2, KRTAP21-3, KRTAP22-1, KRTAP22-2, KRTAP23-1, KRTAP24-1, KRTAP25-1, KRTAP26-1, KRTAP27-1.
1890:
2816:"Search results - 21[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ( ("genetype miscrna"[Properties] OR "genetype ncrna"[Properties] OR "genetype rrna"[Properties] OR "genetype trna"[Properties] OR "genetype scrna"[Properties] OR "genetype snrna"[Properties] OR "genetype snorna"[Properties]) NOT "genetype protein coding"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene"
3268:
Rosenthal A, Kudoh J, Schibuya K, Kawasaki K, Asakawa S, Shintani A, Sasaki T, Nagamine K, Mitsuyama S, Antonarakis SE, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Nordsiek G, Hornischer K, Brant P, Scharfe M, Schon O, Desario A, Reichelt J, Kauer G, Blocker H, Ramser J, Beck A, Klages S, Hennig S, Riesselmann L, Dagand E, Haaf T, Wehrmeyer S, Borzym K, Gardiner K, Nizetic D, Francis F, Lehrach H, Reinhardt R, Yaspo ML (2000).
1931:, delayed development, and characteristic facial features. In some cases, the signs and symptoms are similar to those of Down syndrome. Changes to chromosome 21 include a missing segment of the chromosome in each cell (partial monosomy 21) and a circular structure called ring chromosome 21. A ring chromosome occurs when both ends of a broken chromosome are reunited.
2610:
Hattori, M.; Fujiyama, A.; Taylor, T. D.; Watanabe, H.; Yada, T.; Park, H.-S.; Toyoda, A.; Ishii, K.; Totoki, Y.; Choi, D.-K.; Soeda, E.; Ohki, M.; Takagi, T.; Sakaki, Y.; Taudien, S.; Blechschmidt, K.; Polley, A.; Menzel, U.; Delabar, J.; Kumpf, K.; Lehmann, R.; Patterson, D.; Reichwald, K.; Rump,
3267:
Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Taylor TD, Watanabe H, Yada T, Park HS, Toyoda A, Ishii K, Totoki Y, Choi DK, Groner Y, Soeda E, Ohki M, Takagi T, Sakaki Y, Taudien S, Blechschmidt K, Polley A, Menzel U, Delabar J, Kumpf K, Lehmann R, Patterson D, Reichwald K, Rump A, Schillhabel M, Schudy A, Zimmermann W,
1923:
is caused by a rearrangement of chromosomal material between chromosome 21 and another chromosome. As a result, a person has the usual two copies of chromosome 21, plus extra material from chromosome 21 attached to another chromosome. These cases are called translocation Down syndrome. Researchers
1995:
G-banding patterns of human chromosome 21 in three different resolutions (400, 550 and 850). Band length in this diagram is based on the ideograms from ISCN (2013). This type of ideogram represents actual relative band length observed under a microscope at the different moments during the
3386:; Dallapiccola, Bruno; Koenraad Devriendt; Arnd Dörfler; Esther Kinning; André Megarbane; Peter Meinecke; Robert K. Semple; Stephanie Spranger; Annick Toutain; Richard C. Trembath; Egbert Voss; Louise Wilson; Raoul Hennekam; Francis de Zegher; Helmut-Günther Dörr; André Reis (2008).
3340:
Rovelet-Lecrux A, Hannequin D, Raux G, Le Meur N, Laquerriere A, Vital A, Dumanchin C, Feuillette S, Brice A, Vercelletto M, Dubas F, Frebourg T, Campion D (2005). "APP locus duplication causes autosomal dominant early-onset
Alzheimer disease with cerebral amyloid angiopathy".
1946:) and a Dutch family set. Compared to Alzheimer's caused by missense mutations in APP, the frequency of the Alzheimer's caused by APP duplications is significant. All patients that have an extra copy of APP gene due to the locus duplication show Alzheimer's with severe
2790:
2840:
2522:
151:
47:
1924:
believe that extra copies of genes on chromosome 21 disrupt the course of normal development, causing the characteristic features of Down syndrome and the increased risk of medical problems associated with this disorder.
1975:
G-banding ideogram of human chromosome 21 in resolution 850 bphs. Band length in this diagram is proportional to base-pair length. This type of ideogram is generally used in genome browsers (e.g.
3311:
Sawinska M, Ladon D (2004). "Mechanism, detection and clinical significance of the reciprocal translocation t(12;21)(p12;q22) in the children suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukaemia".
1893:
A karyotype of somebody affected with Down syndrome, depicting the presence of a full additional copy of chromosome 21. The presence of this extra copy is also referred to as
Trisomy 21.
4252:
3096:
These values (ISCN start/stop) are based on the length of bands/ideograms from the ISCN book, An
International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013).
995:
1912:(a type of blood cancer most often diagnosed in childhood) has been associated with a translocation between chromosomes 12 and 21. Another form of leukemia,
1797:
1226:
376:) takes an extremely conservative strategy. Thus CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.
2791:"Search results - 21[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("genetype protein coding"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene"
2841:"Search results - 21[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("genetype pseudo"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene"
3378:
Rauch, Anita; Thiel, Christian T.; Schindler, Detlev; Wick, Ursula; Crow, Yanick J.; Ekici, Arif B.; van Essen, Anthonie J.; Goecke, Timm O.;
3753:
492:
223:
182:
2523:"Search results - 21[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("has ccds"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene"
525:
The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 21. For complete list, see the link in the infobox at the top of the article.
3188:
Antonarakis SE, Lyle R, Deutsch S, Reymond A (2002). "Chromosome 21: a small land of fascinating disorders with unknown pathophysiology".
3151:
Antonarakis SE, Lyle R, Dermitzakis ET, Reymond A, Deutsch S (2004). "Chromosome 21 and down syndrome: from genomics to pathophysiology".
1535:
2870:
Sleegers K, Brouwers N, Gijselinck I, Theuns J, Goossens D, Wauters J, Del-Favero J, Cruts M, van Duijn CM, Van
Broeckhoven C (2006).
228:
2928:
1092:
4150:
1666:
1908:) of genetic material between chromosome 21 and other chromosomes have been associated with several types of cancer. For example,
4205:
4200:
1737:
2711:
4278:
4242:
3883:
3507:
3040:
3003:
2562:
1863:
1742:
520:
17:
1938:(APP) locus (duplicated segment varies in length but includes APP) on Chromosome 21 was found to cause early onset familial
4247:
1606:
360:
The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 21. Because researchers use different approaches to
2913:"Homozygous deletion and frequent allelic loss of the 21q11.1-q21.1 region including the ANA gene in human lung carcinoma"
1772:
4005:
3468:
1777:
1005:
3746:
4022:
429:
158:
3445:
2911:
Kohno, T.; Kawanishi, M.; Matsuda, S.; Ichikawa, H.; Takada, M.; Ohki, M.; Yamamoto, T.; Yokota, J. (March 1998).
1868:
1843:
1792:
1394:
1310:
1136:
908:: encoding enzyme holocarboxylase synthetase (biotin-(propionyl-Coenzyme A-carboxylase (ATP-hydrolysing)) ligase)
450:
199:
1872:
1828:
723:
3019:
Sethakulvichai, W.; Manitpornsut, S.; Wiboonrat, M.; Lilakiatsakun, W.; Assawamakin, A.; Tongsima, S. (2012).
46:
3868:
1803:
1655:
2979:
2966:
2583:
4273:
3739:
3689:
2740:
1909:
1782:
1676:
1571:
2872:"APP duplication is sufficient to cause early onset Alzheimer's dementia with cerebral amyloid angiopathy"
187:
1947:
1808:
1671:
1557:
686:
664:
343:
that make up this chromosome. Chromosome 21 was the second human chromosome to be fully sequenced, after
1833:
1767:
1629:
658:
648:
1897:
The following conditions are caused by changes in the structure or number of copies of chromosome 21:
240:
216:
64:
4015:
3500:
1935:
1905:
1726:
1711:
574:
31:
3238:
Gilbert F (1997). "Disease genes and chromosomes: disease maps of the human genome. Chromosome 21".
4069:
3853:
3720:
1927:
Other changes in the number or structure of chromosome 21 can have a variety of effects, including
1853:
1838:
1031:
2991:
1928:
1721:
1590:
1096:
955:
3975:
3948:
2611:
A.; Schillhabel, M.; Schudy, A.; Zimmermann, W.; Rosenthal, A.; Kudoh, J.; et al. (2000).
1939:
1913:
1650:
1645:
204:
882:: encoding glutamine amidotransferase-like class 1 domain-containing protein 3A, mitochondrial
260:
4010:
3908:
2552:
1823:
1813:
1686:
1216:
408:
373:
344:
279:
247:
146:
109:
4230:
4155:
4140:
3970:
3918:
3893:
3833:
3708:
3493:
3399:
3281:
2624:
1858:
1752:
1436:: encoding enzyme superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))
1356:
385:
336:
1640:
The following diseases and disorders are some of those related to genes on chromosome 21:
8:
3898:
3715:
1989:
1980:
1660:
1581:
1256:
1015:
855:
235:
87:
3403:
3285:
3025:
2012 Ninth
International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering (JCSSE)
2628:
1969:
3425:
3366:
3176:
3046:
2948:
2688:
2661:
3324:
3222:
577:: encoding amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (peptidase nexin-II, Alzheimer disease)
3960:
3872:
3683:
3417:
3358:
3328:
3299:
3255:
3226:
3197:
3168:
3036:
3020:
2999:
2940:
2932:
2893:
2693:
2642:
2558:
1818:
1787:
1266:
361:
3429:
3050:
2952:
2719:
163:
4049:
3928:
3407:
3383:
3379:
3350:
3320:
3289:
3247:
3218:
3180:
3160:
3081:
3028:
2924:
2883:
2683:
2673:
2632:
1762:
1681:
1146:
889:
757:
632:
132:
3382:; Chrzanowska, Krystyna H.; Zweier, Christiane; Brunner, Han G.; Becker, Kristin;
3370:
549:: encoding enzyme a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5
4042:
3863:
3811:
2993:
1848:
1156:
369:
365:
127:
100:
3018:
372:). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (
3933:
3857:
3097:
3032:
1747:
1696:
1199:: encoding enzyme high affinity cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 9A
748:
390:
321:
4267:
3913:
3646:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
2936:
2678:
1920:
1877:
1757:
1716:
1701:
1410:
917:
696:
329:
3731:
3412:
3387:
2995:
ISCN 2013: An
International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013)
2765:
175:
3888:
3762:
3703:
3669:
3664:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3516:
3421:
3362:
3332:
3303:
3259:
3251:
3230:
3201:
3172:
2992:
International
Standing Committee on Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013).
2912:
2897:
2888:
2871:
2697:
2646:
1889:
1342:
283:
264:
2944:
4107:
4102:
3965:
3943:
3938:
3806:
3524:
1731:
1616:
1352:
1086:
927:
899:
873:
733:
297:
2929:
10.1002/(sici)1098-2264(199803)21:3<236::aid-gcc8>3.0.co;2-0
2596:
1916:, has been associated with a translocation between chromosomes 8 and 21.
988:: encoding potassium voltage-gated channel, Isk-related family, member 2
982:: encoding potassium voltage-gated channel, Isk-related family, member 1
4127:
4117:
4112:
4097:
4037:
4027:
3903:
3877:
3828:
3818:
3766:
3453:
3209:
Antonarakis SE (2001). "Chromosome 21: from sequence to applications".
3132:
3125:
3117:
1620:
1577:
1561:
1439:
1044:
1021:
876:: encoding enzyme trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-3
827:
583:: encoding enzyme subunit ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial
395:
309:
2766:"Human chromosome 21: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM"
4079:
3823:
3801:
3782:
3294:
3269:
3113:
2662:"Between a chicken and a grape: estimating the number of human genes"
2637:
2612:
2008:
1455:
607:: encoding transcription factor transcription regulator protein BACH1
340:
313:
72:
52:
3388:"Mutations in the Pericentrin (PCNT) Gene Cause Primordial Dwarfism"
3164:
4065:
3849:
3656:
3533:
3354:
1706:
1691:
1521:
1509:
1240:
1060:
1037:
833:
824:: dual specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A
638:
628:
622:
305:
120:
3339:
1943:
4235:
4089:
4000:
3995:
3150:
3021:"Estimation of band level resolutions of human chromosome images"
1997:
1976:
1553:
1525:
1503:
1497:
1445:
1421:
1415:
1366:
1326:
1278:
1172:
1076:
1066:
895:
797:
793:
744:
676:
592:
546:
536:
471:
325:
324:. Most people have two copies of chromosome 21, while those with
273:
170:
2869:
543:
a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1
4145:
4032:
3796:
3792:
3787:
3485:
1901:
1612:
1567:
1467:
1427:
1406:
1384:
1378:
1362:
1252:
1246:
1236:
1206:
1168:
1132:
1126:
1102:
1072:
1056:
1050:
1041:
1001:
951:
945:
939:
933:
923:
879:
821:
803:
763:
738:
729:
713:
707:
682:
589:: encoding enzyme subunit ATP synthase subunit O, mitochondrial
586:
580:
562:
558:
552:
540:
339:
announced in May 2000 that they had determined the sequence of
254:
211:
3012:
2980:
Ideogram data for Homo sapience (550 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3)
2967:
Ideogram data for Homo sapience (400 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3)
2584:
Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3)
4210:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4135:
4073:
3266:
3187:
3124:: Region which is negatively stained by G banding, generally
2910:
2609:
1596:
1586:
1547:
1531:
1518:: encoding protein putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase TPTE
1491:
1461:
1451:
1372:
1348:
1338:
1332:
1306:
1300:
1294:
1282:
1272:
1262:
1196:
1178:
1162:
1152:
1142:
1108:
1082:
1011:
991:
985:
979:
967:
961:
911:
885:
867:
851:
848:: encoding protein family with sequence similarity 3 member B
845:
815:
809:
787:
781:
775:
753:
719:
701:
692:
610:
604:
598:
530:
301:
806:: encoding protein DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3-like
1602:
1541:
1515:
1485:
1479:
1473:
1433:
1400:
1390:
1322:
1316:
1288:
1249:: encoding enzyme GDP-fucose protein O-fucosyltransferase 2
1222:
1212:
1202:
1190:
1184:
1027:
973:
905:
861:
839:
769:
670:
654:
644:
616:
568:
1599:: encoding enzyme ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 25
3443:
1120:
1114:
778:: encoding protein coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor
613:: encoding bromodomain and WD repeat-containing protein 1
317:
1387:: encoding SH3 domain-binding glutamic acid-rich protein
555:: encoding enzyme double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1
4253:
International System for Human
Cytogenetic Nomenclature
3377:
2550:
1335:: encoding protein ribosomal RNA processing 1 homolog B
864:: encoding enzyme formimidoyltransferase-cyclodeaminase
996:
G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel
368:
on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see
30:
For the
Spanish crime thriller television series, see
2659:
1123:: encoding interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx2
1117:: encoding interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx1
1053:: encoding germinal-center associated nuclear protein
679:: encoding cilia- and flagella-associated protein 298
533:: encoding ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 1
320:) representing about 1.5 percent of the total DNA in
1798:
Majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II
1544:: encoding protein tetratricopeptide repeat domain 3
565:
1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gamma
1105:: encoding 39S ribosomal protein L39, mitochondrial
3473:Human Genome Project Information Archive 1990–2003
3080:For cytogenetic banding nomenclature, see article
2741:"Chromosome 21: Chromosome summary - Homo sapiens"
2733:
1506:: encoding enzyme transmembrane protease, serine 3
1275:: encoding protein proteasome assembly chaperone 1
1111:: encoding 28S ribosomal protein S6, mitochondrial
595:: encoding enzyme beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase 5
1500:: encoding enzyme transmembrane protease serine 2
1165:: encoding oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2
976:: encoding protein junctional adhesion molecule B
914:: encoding non-histone chromosomal protein HMG-14
4265:
2985:
2858:
1424:: encoding glucose-6-phosphate exchanger SLC37A1
1381:: encoding SAM domain-containing protein SAMSN-1
1291:: encoding periodic tryptophan protein 2 homolog
830:: encoding protein transcriptional regulator ERG
2982:. Last update 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
2969:. Last update 2014-03-04. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
2865:
2863:
2861:
2586:. Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
2544:
1628:In addition, the chromosome has many genes for
1528:Trafficking protein particle complex subunit 10
784:: encoding protein cysteine and tyrosine rich 1
57:One is from the mother, one is from the father.
3208:
2808:
2712:"Statistics & Downloads for chromosome 21"
2011:of human chromosome 21 in resolution 850 bphs
1550:: encoding splicing factor U2AF 35 kDa subunit
1494:: Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor TIAM1
1129:: N-6 adenine-specific DNA methyltransferase 1
3761:
3747:
3501:
3310:
1430:: encoding small integral membrane protein 11
1418:: encoding protein reduced folate transporter
667:: encoding enzyme cystathionine-beta-synthase
2998:. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers.
1329:ribosomal RNA processing protein 1 homolog A
1193:: encoding calmodulin regulator protein PCP4
673:: encoding T-complex protein 1 subunit theta
2833:
2783:
2704:
2653:
1536:transient receptor potential cation channel
1297:: encoding protein splicing regulator RBM11
1283:pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 protein
1175:GC-rich sequence DNA-binding factor homolog
942:: encoding interferon alpha/beta receptor 2
936:: encoding interferon alpha/beta receptor 1
625:: encoding uncharacterized protein C21orf58
304:. Chromosome 21 is both the smallest human
3754:
3740:
3508:
3494:
2551:Tom Strachan; Andrew Read (2 April 2010).
1962:G-banding ideograms of human chromosome 21
1470:: encoding T-complex protein 10A homolog 1
1403:: encoding protein single-minded homolog 2
1187:: encoding protein centrosomal pericentrin
858:FOXM1-regulated, gastric cancer associated
63:
45:
3411:
3293:
3270:"The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21"
3237:
2887:
2687:
2677:
2636:
2613:"The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21"
2578:
2576:
2574:
1884:
1635:
870:: encoding GA-binding protein alpha chain
3112:: Region which is positively stained by
1888:
1667:Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1
812:: encoding protein dopey family member 2
766:: encoing protein crystallin zeta-like 1
571:: encoding protein autoimmune regulator
3092:
3090:
2972:
2959:
1738:Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy
1409:: encoding protein sodium/myo-inositol
1309:: encoding enzyme receptor-interacting
920:: encoding heat shock 70 kDa protein 13
818:: encoding cell adhesion molecule DSCAM
790:: Disco-interacting protein 2 homolog A
741:: encoding alpha-2 chain of collagen VI
14:
4266:
2758:
2571:
2517:
2515:
1607:tRNA (guanine-N(7)-)-methyltransferase
948:: encoding interferon gamma receptor 2
890:glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate
4243:List of organisms by chromosome count
3735:
3489:
1864:Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy
1743:Holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency
1591:ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase
1265:: encoding enzyme protein arginine N-
1181:: encoding poly(rC)-binding protein 3
1024:: encoding enzyme lanosterol synthase
521:Category:Genes on human chromosome 21
3087:
635:of the brain and reproductive organs
2512:
1954:
1773:Intellectual developmental disorder
1488:: encoding protein trefoil factor 3
1482:: encoding protein trefoil factor 2
1476:: encoding protein trefoil factor 1
328:of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21) have
24:
1778:Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome
1375:: encoding calcium binding protein
1006:inward rectifier potassium channel
964:: encoding protein integrin beta-2
800:DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 28
601:: encoding enzyme beta-secretase 2
355:
25:
4290:
3437:
1464:: encoding protein synaptojanin-1
1303:: encoding protein calcipressin-1
3515:
2978:Genome Decoration Page, NCBI.
2716:HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee
2582:Genome Decoration Page, NCBI.
1988:
1968:
1919:In a small percentage of cases,
1369:RWD domain-containing protein 2B
1215:: encoding enzyme ATP-dependent
970:: encoding protein intersectin-1
3864:Macrochromosome/Microchromosome
3444:National Institutes of Health.
3103:
3074:
3057:
2917:Genes, Chromosomes & Cancer
2904:
2557:. Garland Science. p. 45.
1844:Primitive neuroectodermal tumor
1793:Leukocyte adhesion deficiency-1
1395:serine/threonine-protein kinase
1311:serine/threonine-protein kinase
1085:: encoding MORC family CW-type
641:: encoding protein EURL homolog
51:Human chromosome 21 pair after
2965:Genome Decoration Page, NCBI.
2660:Pertea M, Salzberg SL (2010).
2603:
2589:
1873:progressive myoclonus epilepsy
1829:Phosphofructokinase deficiency
1319:: RNA, ribosomal 45S cluster 4
1231:-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
724:chloride intracellular channel
101:
13:
1:
3325:10.1016/S0145-2126(03)00160-7
3223:10.1016/S0959-437X(00)00185-4
2506:
1804:Non-small cell lung carcinoma
1656:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
1139:flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial
836:: encoding protein suppressyn
772:: encoding protein cystatin-B
716:: encoding protein claudin-17
710:: encoding protein claudin-14
4279:Genes on human chromosome 21
2718:. 2022-12-23. Archived from
1910:acute lymphoblastic leukemia
1572:ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme
747:: encoding alpha-1 chain of
732:: encoding alpha-1 chain of
704:: encoding protein claudin-8
695:: encoding chondrolectin, a
514:
7:
1948:cerebral amyloid angiopathy
1869:Unverricht–Lundborg disease
1809:Neurodevelopmental disorder
1672:Basal ganglia calcification
687:chromatin assembly factor 1
364:, their predictions of the
335:Researchers working on the
10:
4295:
3904:Dinoflagellate chromosomes
3033:10.1109/JCSSE.2012.6261965
1944:Rovelet-Lecrux et al. 2005
1834:Primary ciliary dyskinesia
1768:Inflammatory bowel disease
1630:keratin-associated protein
1609:non-catalytic subunit WDR4
1512:: encoding enteropeptidase
1448:: encoding protein SPATC1L
842:: encoding protein C-ets-2
518:
316:(the building material of
296:is one of the 23 pairs of
29:
4248:List of sequenced genomes
4223:
4126:
4088:
4058:
4016:Chromosomal translocation
3986:
3889:A chromosome/B chromosome
3880:(or accessory chromosome)
3842:
3773:
3696:
3682:
3655:
3532:
3523:
1936:amyloid precursor protein
1727:Glucocorticoid deficiency
1454:: encoding protein small
1069:: producing microRNA 3648
1004:: encoding ATP-sensitive
272:
253:
246:
234:
222:
210:
198:
193:
181:
169:
157:
145:
140:
126:
116:
99:
85:
80:
62:
44:
39:
32:Chromosome 21 (TV series)
4070:Telomere-binding protein
3884:Supernumerary chromosome
2679:10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-206
2554:Human Molecular Genetics
1942:in a French family set (
1839:Primary immunodeficiency
1783:Keppen–Lubinsky syndrome
1677:Bartsocas–Papas syndrome
1032:ubiquitin-protein ligase
350:
3690:Human mitochondrial DNA
3450:Genetics Home Reference
3413:10.1126/science.1151174
1929:intellectual disability
1722:Galloway Mowat syndrome
1097:melanocortin-2 receptor
956:interleukin-10 receptor
619:: encoding protein BTG3
4006:Structural alterations
3252:10.1089/gte.1997.1.301
2529:. CCDS Release 24 for
1914:acute myeloid leukemia
1894:
1885:Chromosomal conditions
1646:Acute myeloid leukemia
1636:Diseases and disorders
1623:-containing protein 21
1442:: encoding protein SON
1159:transcription factor 1
1149:-interacting protein 1
4023:Numerical alterations
4011:Chromosomal inversion
3909:Homologous chromosome
1892:
1824:Peripheral neuropathy
1814:Nonsyndromic deafness
1712:Erondu–Cymet syndrome
1687:Closed angle glaucoma
1564:-containing protein A
1255:: encoding PR domain
1227:phosphatidylinositol
1217:6-phosphofructokinase
1030:: encoding enzyme E3
1018:-containing protein 3
18:Chromosome 21 (human)
4231:Extrachromosomal DNA
3919:Satellite chromosome
3894:Lampbrush chromosome
3834:Nuclear organization
3709:Human Genome Project
3684:Mitochondrial genome
3027:. pp. 276–282.
2889:10.1093/brain/awl203
1859:Spastic quadriplegia
1854:Romano–Ward syndrome
1753:Hyperhomocysteinemia
1558:ubiquitin-associated
1538:subfamily M member 2
1357:transcription factor
1285:-interacting protein
391:Non-coding RNA genes
386:Protein-coding genes
337:Human Genome Project
312:, with 46.7 million
194:External map viewers
4274:Chromosomes (human)
3924:Centromere position
3899:Polytene chromosome
3869:Circular chromosome
3716:List of human genes
3404:2008Sci...319..816R
3286:2000Natur.405..311H
3211:Curr Opin Genet Dev
3139:: Variable region;
2745:Ensembl Release 110
2629:2000Natur.405..311H
2012:
1981:UCSC Genome Browser
1940:Alzheimer's disease
1800:(MOPD II, or MOPD2)
1734:(susceptibility to)
1661:Atrial fibrillation
1651:Alzheimer's disease
1582:long non-coding RNA
1534:: encoding protein
1458:-related modifier 3
1351:: encoding protein
1341:: encoding protein
1257:zinc finger protein
1137:NADH dehydrogenase
1079:Protein Mis18-alpha
1016:leucine-rich repeat
926:: encoding protein
856:long non-coding RNA
659:carbonyl reductase
649:carbonyl reductase
141:Complete gene lists
128:Centromere position
2882:(Pt 11): 2977–83.
2007:
1904:: Rearrangements (
1895:
1589:: encoding enzyme
657:: encoding enzyme
647:: encoding enzyme
248:Full DNA sequences
69:Chromosome 21 pair
4261:
4260:
4219:
4218:
3956:Centromere number
3873:Linear chromosome
3729:
3728:
3721:Human archaeology
3678:
3677:
3384:Curry, Cynthia J.
3380:Al-Gazali, Lihadh
3042:978-1-4673-1921-8
3005:978-3-318-02253-7
2623:(6784): 311–319.
2564:978-1-136-84407-2
2504:
2503:
1819:Parkinson disease
1788:Knobloch syndrome
1267:methyltransferase
1099:accessory protein
512:
511:
362:genome annotation
291:
290:
16:(Redirected from
4286:
4086:
4085:
4050:Polyploidization
3878:Extra chromosome
3793:Genetic material
3756:
3749:
3742:
3733:
3732:
3530:
3529:
3510:
3503:
3496:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3480:
3479:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3452:. Archived from
3433:
3415:
3374:
3336:
3307:
3297:
3295:10.1038/35012518
3263:
3234:
3205:
3184:
3144:
3107:
3101:
3094:
3085:
3078:
3072:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3016:
3010:
3009:
2989:
2983:
2976:
2970:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2891:
2867:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2852:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2812:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2737:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2727:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2691:
2681:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2640:
2638:10.1038/35012518
2607:
2601:
2600:
2593:
2587:
2580:
2569:
2568:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2519:
2495:
2490:
2462:
2457:
2430:
2425:
2397:
2392:
2365:
2360:
2332:
2327:
2300:
2295:
2267:
2262:
2235:
2230:
2203:
2198:
2171:
2166:
2139:
2134:
2107:
2102:
2075:
2070:
2013:
2006:
1992:
1972:
1955:Cytogenetic band
1763:Immunodeficiency
1682:Bethlem myopathy
1209:Pyridoxal kinase
1147:nuclear receptor
758:alpha-crystallin
379:
378:
287:
268:
103:
67:
49:
37:
36:
27:Human chromosome
21:
4294:
4293:
4289:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4284:
4283:
4264:
4263:
4262:
4257:
4215:
4122:
4084:
4054:
4043:Paleopolyploidy
3988:
3982:
3838:
3812:Heterochromatin
3775:
3769:
3760:
3730:
3725:
3692:
3674:
3651:
3519:
3514:
3477:
3475:
3469:"Chromosome 21"
3467:
3459:
3457:
3446:"Chromosome 21"
3440:
3398:(5864): 816–9.
3343:Nature Genetics
3280:(6784): 311–9.
3165:10.1038/nrg1448
3147:
3128:and gene rich;
3120:and gene poor;
3108:
3104:
3095:
3088:
3079:
3075:
3067:": Short arm; "
3062:
3058:
3043:
3017:
3013:
3006:
2990:
2986:
2977:
2973:
2964:
2960:
2909:
2905:
2868:
2859:
2850:
2848:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2825:
2823:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2800:
2798:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2775:
2773:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2750:
2748:
2739:
2738:
2734:
2725:
2723:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2658:
2654:
2608:
2604:
2597:"Chromosome 21"
2595:
2594:
2590:
2581:
2572:
2565:
2549:
2545:
2536:
2534:
2521:
2520:
2513:
2509:
2493:
2488:
2460:
2455:
2428:
2423:
2395:
2390:
2363:
2358:
2330:
2325:
2298:
2293:
2265:
2260:
2233:
2228:
2201:
2196:
2169:
2164:
2137:
2132:
2105:
2100:
2073:
2068:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2005:
2004:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1998:mitotic process
1993:
1985:
1984:
1973:
1964:
1963:
1957:
1934:Duplication in
1887:
1882:
1849:Prostate cancer
1638:
1626:
1157:oligodendrocyte
631:: expressed in
523:
517:
370:gene prediction
366:number of genes
358:
356:Number of genes
353:
278:
259:
135:
94:
76:
70:
58:
56:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4292:
4282:
4281:
4276:
4259:
4258:
4256:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4239:
4238:
4227:
4225:
4221:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4214:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4132:
4130:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4094:
4092:
4083:
4082:
4077:
4062:
4060:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4052:
4047:
4046:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4020:
4019:
4018:
4013:
4003:
3998:
3992:
3990:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3934:Submetacentric
3931:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3875:
3866:
3861:
3860:or heterosome)
3854:Sex chromosome
3846:
3844:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3815:
3814:
3809:
3799:
3790:
3785:
3779:
3777:
3771:
3770:
3759:
3758:
3751:
3744:
3736:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3712:
3711:
3700:
3698:
3697:Related topics
3694:
3693:
3688:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3672:
3667:
3661:
3659:
3657:Sex chromosome
3653:
3652:
3650:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3538:
3536:
3527:
3525:Nuclear genome
3521:
3520:
3513:
3512:
3505:
3498:
3490:
3484:
3483:
3465:
3439:
3438:External links
3436:
3435:
3434:
3392:Science Online
3375:
3355:10.1038/ng1718
3337:
3308:
3264:
3235:
3206:
3190:Int J Dev Biol
3185:
3159:(10): 725–38.
3146:
3145:
3102:
3098:Arbitrary unit
3086:
3073:
3056:
3041:
3011:
3004:
2984:
2971:
2958:
2923:(3): 236–243.
2903:
2857:
2832:
2807:
2782:
2757:
2732:
2703:
2652:
2602:
2588:
2570:
2563:
2543:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2405:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2344:
2340:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2275:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2020:
2017:
1994:
1987:
1986:
1974:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1932:
1925:
1917:
1906:translocations
1886:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1748:Homocystinuria
1745:
1740:
1735:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1697:CHAND syndrome
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1642:
1637:
1634:
1625:
1624:
1610:
1600:
1594:
1584:
1575:
1565:
1551:
1545:
1539:
1529:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1459:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1404:
1398:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1360:
1346:
1345:head 1 homolog
1336:
1330:
1320:
1314:
1304:
1298:
1292:
1286:
1276:
1270:
1260:
1250:
1244:
1243:protein PKNOX1
1234:
1220:
1210:
1200:
1194:
1188:
1182:
1176:
1166:
1160:
1150:
1140:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1112:
1106:
1100:
1090:
1080:
1070:
1064:
1054:
1048:
1035:
1025:
1019:
1009:
999:
989:
983:
977:
971:
965:
959:
949:
943:
937:
931:
921:
915:
909:
903:
893:
883:
877:
871:
865:
859:
849:
843:
837:
831:
825:
819:
813:
807:
801:
791:
785:
779:
773:
767:
761:
751:
749:collagen XVIII
742:
736:
727:
717:
711:
705:
699:
690:
680:
674:
668:
662:
652:
642:
636:
626:
620:
614:
608:
602:
596:
590:
584:
578:
572:
566:
556:
550:
544:
534:
527:
516:
513:
510:
509:
506:
504:
501:
498:
495:
489:
488:
485:
483:
480:
477:
474:
468:
467:
464:
462:
459:
456:
453:
447:
446:
443:
441:
438:
435:
432:
426:
425:
422:
420:
417:
414:
411:
405:
404:
401:
398:
393:
388:
383:
357:
354:
352:
349:
289:
288:
276:
270:
269:
257:
251:
250:
244:
243:
238:
232:
231:
226:
220:
219:
214:
208:
207:
202:
196:
195:
191:
190:
185:
179:
178:
173:
167:
166:
161:
155:
154:
149:
143:
142:
138:
137:
130:
124:
123:
118:
114:
113:
106:
97:
96:
91:
83:
82:
78:
77:
71:in human male
68:
60:
59:
50:
42:
41:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4291:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4232:
4229:
4228:
4226:
4222:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4129:
4125:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4095:
4093:
4091:
4087:
4081:
4078:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4057:
4051:
4048:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4024:
4021:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4008:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3989:and evolution
3985:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3954:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3914:Isochromosome
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3859:
3855:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3772:
3768:
3764:
3757:
3752:
3750:
3745:
3743:
3738:
3737:
3734:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3695:
3691:
3687:
3685:
3681:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3658:
3654:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
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3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
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3531:
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3522:
3518:
3511:
3506:
3504:
3499:
3497:
3492:
3491:
3488:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3456:on 2011-06-05
3455:
3451:
3447:
3442:
3441:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
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3326:
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3318:
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3309:
3305:
3301:
3296:
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3265:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3249:
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3224:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3153:Nat Rev Genet
3149:
3148:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3106:
3099:
3093:
3091:
3083:
3077:
3070:
3066:
3060:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3038:
3034:
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3022:
3015:
3007:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2988:
2981:
2975:
2968:
2962:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2907:
2899:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2866:
2864:
2862:
2846:
2842:
2836:
2821:
2817:
2811:
2796:
2792:
2786:
2771:
2767:
2761:
2746:
2742:
2736:
2722:on 2017-06-29
2721:
2717:
2713:
2707:
2699:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2656:
2648:
2644:
2639:
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2626:
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2606:
2598:
2592:
2585:
2579:
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2575:
2566:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2547:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2518:
2516:
2511:
2500:
2497:
2492:
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2481:
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2475:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2464:
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2442:
2439:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2402:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2377:
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2373:
2370:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2354:
2351:
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2329:
2324:
2321:
2318:
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2309:
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2305:
2302:
2297:
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2289:
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2283:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2010:
1999:
1991:
1982:
1978:
1971:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1921:Down syndrome
1918:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1891:
1879:
1878:ZTTK syndrome
1876:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1758:Hypotrichosis
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1717:Ewing sarcoma
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1702:Down syndrome
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1633:
1631:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1411:cotransporter
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1047:-like protein
1046:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1000:
997:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
907:
904:
901:
897:
894:
891:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
853:
850:
847:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
823:
820:
817:
814:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
795:
792:
789:
786:
783:
780:
777:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
759:
755:
752:
750:
746:
743:
740:
737:
735:
731:
728:
725:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
698:
697:C-type lectin
694:
691:
688:
684:
681:
678:
675:
672:
669:
666:
663:
660:
656:
653:
650:
646:
643:
640:
637:
634:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
606:
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
576:
573:
570:
567:
564:
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
545:
542:
538:
535:
532:
529:
528:
526:
522:
507:
505:
502:
499:
496:
494:
491:
490:
486:
484:
481:
478:
475:
473:
470:
469:
465:
463:
460:
457:
454:
452:
449:
448:
444:
442:
439:
436:
433:
431:
428:
427:
423:
421:
418:
415:
412:
410:
407:
406:
403:Release date
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:Estimated by
381:
380:
377:
375:
371:
367:
363:
348:
346:
345:chromosome 22
342:
338:
333:
331:
330:Down syndrome
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
294:Chromosome 21
285:
281:
277:
275:
271:
266:
262:
258:
256:
252:
249:
245:
242:
241:Chromosome 21
239:
237:
233:
230:
229:Chromosome 21
227:
225:
221:
218:
217:Chromosome 21
215:
213:
209:
206:
205:Chromosome 21
203:
201:
197:
192:
189:
186:
184:
180:
177:
174:
172:
168:
165:
162:
160:
156:
153:
150:
148:
144:
139:
134:
131:
129:
125:
122:
119:
115:
111:
107:
105:
98:
93:45,090,682 bp
92:
89:
84:
79:
74:
66:
61:
54:
48:
43:
40:Chromosome 21
38:
33:
19:
3955:
3923:
3763:Cytogenetics
3704:Human genome
3641:
3517:Human genome
3476:. Retrieved
3472:
3458:. Retrieved
3454:the original
3449:
3395:
3391:
3346:
3342:
3319:(1): 35–42.
3316:
3312:
3277:
3273:
3246:(4): 301–6.
3243:
3239:
3217:(3): 241–6.
3214:
3210:
3196:(1): 89–96.
3193:
3189:
3156:
3152:
3140:
3136:
3129:
3121:
3116:, generally
3109:
3105:
3076:
3071:": Long arm.
3068:
3064:
3059:
3024:
3014:
2994:
2987:
2974:
2961:
2920:
2916:
2906:
2879:
2875:
2849:. Retrieved
2847:. 2017-05-19
2844:
2835:
2824:. Retrieved
2822:. 2017-05-19
2819:
2810:
2799:. Retrieved
2797:. 2017-05-19
2794:
2785:
2774:. Retrieved
2772:. 2018-02-28
2769:
2760:
2749:. Retrieved
2747:. 2023-07-17
2744:
2735:
2724:. Retrieved
2720:the original
2715:
2706:
2669:
2665:
2655:
2620:
2616:
2605:
2591:
2553:
2546:
2535:. Retrieved
2533:. 2022-10-26
2531:Homo sapiens
2530:
2526:
1896:
1871:, a form of
1639:
1627:
1580:: producing
1343:radial spoke
1228:
1219:, liver type
958:subunit beta
854:: producing
524:
359:
334:
326:three copies
293:
292:
3976:Polycentric
3966:Monocentric
3949:Holocentric
3944:Acrocentric
3939:Telocentric
3929:Metacentric
3807:Euchromatin
3767:chromosomes
3349:(1): 24–6.
2666:Genome Biol
1732:Hepatitis B
1617:zinc finger
1615:: encoding
1605:: encoding
1570:: encoding
1556:: encoding
1524:: encoding
1393:: encoding
1365:: encoding
1325:: encoding
1281:: encoding
1239:: encoding
1225:: encoding
1205:: encoding
1171:: encoding
1155:: encoding
1135:: encoding
1095:: encoding
1087:zinc finger
1075:: encoding
1040:: encoding
1014:: encoding
994:: encoding
954:: encoding
900:histone H2B
898:: encoding
888:: encoding
796:: encoding
756:: encoding
734:collagen VI
722:: encoding
685:: encoding
561:: encoding
508:2017-05-19
487:2018-02-28
466:2023-07-17
445:2022-12-23
424:2022-10-26
396:Pseudogenes
298:chromosomes
133:Acrocentric
4268:Categories
4128:Centromere
4059:Structures
4038:Polyploidy
4028:Aneuploidy
3829:Nucleosome
3819:Chromosome
3478:2017-05-06
3460:2017-05-06
3240:Genet Test
3133:Centromere
2851:2017-05-20
2826:2017-05-20
2801:2017-05-20
2776:2018-03-16
2751:2024-02-17
2726:2022-12-23
2672:(5): 206.
2537:2022-12-23
2507:References
2494:46,709,983
2489:41,200,001
2461:41,200,000
2456:38,300,001
2429:38,300,000
2424:36,400,001
2396:36,400,000
2391:34,400,001
2364:34,400,000
2359:30,200,001
2331:30,200,000
2326:25,500,001
2299:25,500,000
2294:22,600,001
2266:22,600,000
2261:15,000,001
2234:15,000,000
2229:13,000,001
2202:13,000,000
2197:12,000,001
2170:12,000,000
2165:10,900,001
2138:10,900,000
1663:, familial
1621:BTB domain
1578:UMODL1-AS1
1562:SH3 domain
1059:producing
1045:C-terminal
519:See also:
341:base pairs
314:base pairs
310:chromosome
136:(12.0 Mbp)
4080:Protamine
3987:Processes
3971:Dicentric
3824:Chromatid
3802:Chromatin
3783:Karyotype
3114:G banding
2937:1045-2257
2133:7,000,001
2106:7,000,000
2101:3,100,001
2074:3,100,000
1456:ubiquitin
1355:-related
1233:subunit P
1089:protein 3
726:protein 6
689:subunit B
539:encoding
515:Gene list
261:NC_000021
188:Gene list
176:Gene list
164:Gene list
152:Gene list
73:karyogram
53:G-banding
4224:See also
4066:Telomere
4033:Euploidy
3961:Acentric
3858:allosome
3850:Autosome
3776:concepts
3534:Autosome
3430:23055733
3422:18174396
3363:16369530
3333:14630078
3313:Leuk Res
3304:10830953
3260:10464663
3231:11377958
3202:11902692
3173:15510164
3143:: Stalk.
3051:16666470
2953:24082301
2898:16921174
2698:20441615
2647:10830953
2048:Density
2040:Basepair
2035:Basepair
1707:Epilepsy
1692:Cataract
1522:TRAPPC10
1510:TMPRSS15
1241:homeobox
1061:microRNA
1038:MAP3K7CL
1034:listerin
902:type F-S
834:ERVH48-1
639:C21orf91
629:C21orf62
623:C21orf58
306:autosome
280:CM000683
121:Autosome
104:of genes
86:Length (
81:Features
4236:Plasmid
4090:Histone
4001:Meiosis
3996:Mitosis
3400:Bibcode
3282:Bibcode
3181:5487794
3126:CG-rich
3118:AT-rich
2945:9523199
2770:UniProt
2689:2898077
2625:Bibcode
2009:G-bands
1977:Ensembl
1902:Cancers
1554:UBASH3A
1526:protein
1504:TMPRSS3
1498:TMPRSS2
1446:SPATC1L
1422:SLC37A1
1416:SLC19A1
1367:protein
1327:protein
1279:PTTG1IP
1173:protein
1077:protein
1067:MIR3648
1063:miR-155
896:H2BC12L
798:protein
794:DNAJC28
760:A chain
745:COL18A1
677:CFAP298
633:tissues
593:B3GALT5
547:ADAMTS5
537:ADAMTS1
472:UniProt
451:Ensembl
400:Source
274:GenBank
200:Ensembl
171:UniProt
95:(CHM13)
3797:Genome
3788:Ploidy
3428:
3420:
3371:559054
3369:
3361:
3331:
3302:
3274:Nature
3258:
3229:
3200:
3179:
3171:
3049:
3039:
3002:
2951:
2943:
2935:
2896:
2696:
2686:
2645:
2617:Nature
2561:
2045:Stain
2037:start
2027:start
1613:ZBTB21
1568:UBE2G2
1468:TCP10L
1428:SMIM11
1407:SLC5A3
1385:SH3BGR
1379:SAMSN1
1363:RWDD2B
1253:PRDM15
1247:POFUT2
1237:PKNOX1
1207:enzyme
1169:PAXBP1
1133:NDUFV3
1127:N6AMT1
1103:MRPL39
1073:MIS18A
1057:MIR155
1051:MCM3AP
1042:MAP3K7
1002:KCNJ15
952:IL10RB
946:IFNGR2
940:IFNAR2
934:IFNAR1
930:ligand
924:ICOSLG
918:HSPA13
880:GATD3A
822:DYRK1A
804:DNMT3L
764:CRYZL1
739:COL6A2
730:COL6A1
714:CLDN17
708:CLDN14
683:CHAF1B
587:ATP5PO
581:ATP5PF
563:enzyme
559:AGPAT3
553:ADARB1
541:enzyme
302:humans
255:RefSeq
212:Entrez
4074:TINF2
3843:Types
3774:Basic
3426:S2CID
3367:S2CID
3177:S2CID
3141:stalk
3082:locus
3047:S2CID
2949:S2CID
2876:Brain
2414:22.13
2381:22.12
2349:22.11
2110:stalk
2042:stop
2032:stop
2022:Band
2016:Chr.
1597:USP25
1587:USP16
1574:E2 G2
1548:U2AF1
1532:TRPM2
1492:TIAM1
1462:SYNJ1
1452:SUMO3
1373:S100B
1349:RUNX1
1339:RSPH1
1333:RRP1B
1307:RIPK4
1301:RCAN1
1295:RBM11
1273:PSMG1
1263:PRMT2
1197:PDE9A
1179:PCBP3
1163:OLIG2
1153:OLIG1
1143:NRIP1
1109:MRPS6
1083:MORC3
1012:LRRC3
992:KCNJ6
986:KCNE2
980:KCNE1
968:ITSN1
962:ITGB2
912:HMGN1
886:GRIK1
868:GABPA
852:FRGCA
846:FAM3B
816:DSCAM
810:DOP1B
788:DIP2A
782:CYYR1
776:CXADR
754:CRYAA
720:CLIC6
702:CLDN8
693:CHODL
611:BRWD1
605:BACH1
599:BACE2
531:ABCG1
351:Genes
322:cells
284:FASTA
265:FASTA
108:215 (
3856:(or
3418:PMID
3359:PMID
3329:PMID
3300:PMID
3256:PMID
3227:PMID
3198:PMID
3169:PMID
3130:acen
3122:gneg
3110:gpos
3037:ISBN
3000:ISBN
2941:PMID
2933:ISSN
2894:PMID
2845:NCBI
2820:NCBI
2795:NCBI
2694:PMID
2643:PMID
2559:ISBN
2527:NCBI
2498:gneg
2485:3200
2482:2858
2479:22.3
2465:gpos
2452:2858
2449:2703
2446:22.2
2433:gneg
2420:2703
2417:2610
2400:gpos
2387:2610
2384:2485
2368:gneg
2355:2485
2352:2330
2335:gpos
2322:2330
2319:2144
2316:21.3
2303:gneg
2290:2144
2287:2019
2284:21.2
2273:100
2270:gpos
2257:2019
2254:1584
2251:21.1
2238:gneg
2225:1584
2222:1367
2219:11.2
2206:acen
2193:1367
2190:1274
2187:11.1
2174:acen
2161:1274
2158:1056
2155:11.1
2142:gvar
2129:1056
2123:11.2
2078:gvar
2030:ISCN
2025:ISCN
2019:Arm
1619:and
1603:WDR4
1560:and
1542:TTC3
1516:TPTE
1486:TFF3
1480:TFF2
1474:TFF1
1434:SOD1
1401:SIM2
1397:SIK1
1391:SIK1
1353:Runt
1323:RRP1
1317:RNR4
1289:PWP2
1223:PIGP
1213:PFKL
1203:PDXK
1191:PCP4
1185:PCNT
1093:MRAP
1028:LTN1
974:JAM2
928:ICOS
906:HLCS
874:GART
862:FTCD
840:ETS2
770:CSTB
671:CCT8
655:CBR3
645:CBR1
617:BTG3
569:AIRE
503:207
493:NCBI
461:185
440:194
430:HGNC
409:CCDS
374:CCDS
308:and
236:UCSC
224:NCBI
183:NCBI
159:HGNC
147:CCDS
117:Type
110:CCDS
4108:H2B
4103:H2A
3408:doi
3396:319
3351:doi
3321:doi
3290:doi
3278:405
3248:doi
3219:doi
3161:doi
3137:var
3029:doi
2925:doi
2884:doi
2880:129
2684:PMC
2674:doi
2633:doi
2621:405
2468:50
2403:50
2338:75
2126:683
2097:683
2094:311
2065:311
1440:SON
1121:MX2
1115:MX1
1022:LSS
828:ERG
665:CBS
575:APP
500:356
497:256
476:252
458:447
455:221
437:185
434:215
413:212
318:DNA
300:in
102:No.
4270::
4151:C2
4146:C1
4118:H4
4113:H3
4098:H1
4068::
3765::
3647:22
3642:21
3637:20
3632:19
3627:18
3622:17
3617:16
3612:15
3607:14
3602:13
3597:12
3592:11
3587:10
3471:.
3448:.
3424:.
3416:.
3406:.
3394:.
3390:.
3365:.
3357:.
3347:38
3345:.
3327:.
3317:28
3315:.
3298:.
3288:.
3276:.
3272:.
3254:.
3242:.
3225:.
3215:11
3213:.
3194:46
3192:.
3175:.
3167:.
3155:.
3135:.
3089:^
3045:.
3035:.
3023:.
2947:.
2939:.
2931:.
2921:21
2919:.
2915:.
2892:.
2878:.
2874:.
2860:^
2843:.
2818:.
2793:.
2768:.
2743:.
2714:.
2692:.
2682:.
2670:11
2668:.
2664:.
2641:.
2631:.
2619:.
2615:.
2573:^
2525:.
2514:^
2476:q
2473:21
2443:q
2440:21
2411:q
2408:21
2378:q
2375:21
2346:q
2343:21
2313:q
2310:21
2281:q
2278:21
2248:q
2245:21
2216:q
2213:21
2184:q
2181:21
2152:p
2149:21
2120:p
2117:21
2091:12
2088:p
2085:21
2059:13
2056:p
2053:21
1983:).
1979:,
1593:16
1259:15
1145::
1008:15
482:—
419:—
347:.
332:.
286:)
267:)
88:bp
4211:T
4206:Q
4201:P
4196:O
4191:N
4186:M
4181:K
4176:J
4171:I
4166:H
4161:F
4156:E
4141:B
4136:A
4076:)
4072:(
3871:/
3852:/
3795:/
3755:e
3748:t
3741:v
3670:Y
3665:X
3582:9
3577:8
3572:7
3567:6
3562:5
3557:4
3552:3
3547:2
3542:1
3509:e
3502:t
3495:v
3481:.
3463:.
3432:.
3410::
3402::
3373:.
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3335:.
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3100:.
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3008:.
2955:.
2927::
2900:.
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2854:.
2829:.
2804:.
2779:.
2754:.
2729:.
2700:.
2676::
2649:.
2635::
2627::
2599:.
2567:.
2540:.
2069:1
2062:0
2000:.
1950:.
1359:1
1313:4
1269:2
1229:N
998:2
892:1
661:3
651:1
479:—
416:—
282:(
263:(
112:)
90:)
75:.
55:.
34:.
20:)
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