113:. This would place the fortress on the right bank of the Neman River – the Lithuanian side of the natural front line. Remains of that hill fort were washed away in 1946 during spring floods. Later the town of Skirsnemunė developed near the location, allowing it to claim Teutonic heritage. Other suggested locations included Mastaičiai (
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and employed Slavic archers. However, the 17-day siege was unsuccessful and was lifted a day before
Teutonic reinforcements arrived. The Knights attacked a Lithuanian fortress in Junigėda instead and used captives to rebuild Christmemel. The siege was the last engagement of Vytenis, who probably died
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recorded an act of pagan loyalty: when the
Lithuanians returned to the castle to claim the corpse of their leader, they were met with volleys of Teutonic arrows. Despite heavy casualties, the pagans managed to take away the body. In 1328, Christmemel was abandoned and the garrison was transferred to
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In July 1324, about 400 Lithuanians attempted to attack the fortress by surprise. However, a local resident alerted the garrison. The
Lithuanians were trapped and defeated, their leader was killed, and they hastily retreated. German chronicler
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During the construction, the
Knights used ships to build a bridge across the Neman River. After the construction, the Knights attacked a nearby Lithuanian fortress in
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in 1316. In 1316, some 80 men from the
Christmemel garrison attacked 80 Lithuanian men returning from Bisenė. All Lithuanians, except five, were killed.
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The exact location of
Christmemel is unknown. Most historians identify the fortress with a former
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228:"Nemuno žemupio pilių gynybinės sistemos efectyvumas kovose su vokiečių ordinu 1283–1369 metais"
98:. Peter von Dusburg claimed that the fortress was damaged by "shaking earth", which could be
53:. Christmemel, manned by some 400 men, was to serve as a base for further attacks during the
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178:(in Lithuanian). Vol. 1. Vilnius: Vyriausioji enciklopedijų redakcija. p. 322.
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49:. It was constructed of wood and earth between April 8 and 22, 1313, by Grand Master
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Pakštas, Kazys (1933–1944). "Christmemelio pilis". In Biržiška, Vaclovas (ed.).
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204:(in Lithuanian). Vol. 5. Kaunas: Spaudos Fondas. pp. 858–859.
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277:. Chicago: Lithuanian Research and Studies Center. pp. 66–67.
149:(in Lithuanian). Society of Lithuanian Archaeology. Archived from
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Zinkus, Jonas; et al., eds. (1985–1988). "Christmemelis".
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305:(in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Diemedis. p. 251.
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364:1313 establishments in Europe
176:Tarybų Lietuvos enciklopedija
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379:Former castles in Lithuania
301:Zabiela, Gintautas (1995).
35:) was a frontier fortress (
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226:Jankauskas, Vytas (2008).
202:Lietuviškoji enciklopedija
384:14th century in Lithuania
237:(in Lithuanian): 12, 17.
63:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
273:Urban, William (2006).
303:Lietuvos medinės pilys
340:55.08528°N 22.90278°E
78:siege of Christmemel
45:on the banks of the
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275:Samogitian Crusade
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143:"Kristmemelis"
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82:siege machines
57:against pagan
51:Karl von Trier
25:Christi Memela
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111:Skirsnemunė
47:Neman River
17:Christmemel
358:Categories
331:22°54′10″E
328:55°05′07″N
256:2010-07-16
157:2010-07-16
125:References
80:. He used
38:Ordensburg
33:Kirsmomela
243:1392-6489
107:hill fort
59:Samogitia
41:) of the
29:Kyrsmemel
210:37032253
184:86232954
100:erosion
74:Vytenis
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117:) and
70:Bisenė
250:(PDF)
231:(PDF)
109:near
76:laid
21:Latin
307:ISBN
279:ISBN
239:ISSN
206:LCCN
180:LCCN
94:the
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