393:. There are reports of advanced use of forest resources in the precincts as early as the early modern period. 。In recent years, some forests have been undercut and raked for leaves, but this kind of maintenance is not necessary, and if done in natural forests, it can lead to increased devastation. In addition, forests are often cut off from their surroundings or mowed around them due to road expansions, etc. In such cases, the forests are often destroyed by clumps or mantle communities. In such cases, forests that have lost their mantle and sod communities are prone to drying out of the forest floor, which can lead to devastation. In addition, concrete spraying is increasingly used for restoration of these areas, which is an easy and inexpensive method that does not allow for natural recovery.
20:
332:
However, it should not be assumed that the old vegetation has been completely preserved. If the surrounding area is developed and only the chinju forest remains in isolation, the originally wide and continuous vegetation will have been cut into small pieces. As a result, the area will become smaller,
430:
in Kyoto City), there have been many cases where the shrine forest was cut down to make room for road repairs, agricultural and residential land development, and public facilities such as daycare centers. In particular, in urban areas, forests were often cut down. In some cases, especially in urban
337:
as a result. The topography of the area may not include areas along mountain streams, and many areas will be lost from the communities that existed in ancient times. This will also cause aridification and other changes. Some areas are changed by such changes, and some species are newly invaded. For
277:) that should originally exist in the area, and the forest was planned to look like a natural shrine forest through natural renewal in the future. The plan is designed to make the forest look like a natural township forest through natural renewal in the future. In addition, when
499:, who promoted it to the fullest. The goddess was very pleased with it and explained it to him. The priest was very angry with him, saying, "How dare you advertise something so rare in such a way? It will be stolen." He was angry.
369:
that live there often do not have enough room to move around to maintain their populations, and the animal communities are thought to be more degraded than the plant communities. Since many plants require specific animals for
431:
areas, forests have been completely lost. There are shrines that consist entirely of torii gates and main shrines, and the original meaning of shrines based on nature worship has been greatly diminished.
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Direct human disturbance also takes place. Often, non-wild plants are planted in the precincts. Also, when a tree falls in the forest, the gap created by the fall (in ecological terms
821:
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It is believed that the township forests have been preserved as such since ancient times. Therefore, its forest vegetation is considered to have preserved the original
400:, these forests are familiar to people, but they are treated differently from forests that are tended to for human use, and they continue to have a certain presence.
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301:. Today, when the surrounding nature is often destroyed, township forests are often one of the few clues to the former nature of the area. For this reason, in
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era, there were shrines of various sizes in each village, and many of them had a forest for their Shinto shrine. This was greatly reduced by the so-called
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itself is an object of faith. In many shrine precincts and in the mountains, trees with distinctive trunks and branches and large trees are worshipped as
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422:, not necessarily considering them necessary. While there are examples where the core shrine is so revered that the shrine forest is maintained (e.g.,
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dispersal, etc., it can be said that the degradation of animal communities is related to the transformation of the vegetation itself in various ways.
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487:, which used to be common on sacred trees in shrines, are rarely seen anymore due to the wildflower boom. There was a similar case in the past, when
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is present. It can therefore be a shrine and, in fact, the characters 神社, 社 and 杜 can all be read "mori" ("grove"). This reading is present in the
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deities has become more abstract, and the reverence for the dense forests of Shinto shrines has waned, with many believers, such as
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by organizing only one shrine per administrative village, but one theory suggests that the purpose was to gain concessions on the
285:, this point was taken into consideration and it was designated as a cultural heritage site instead of a natural heritage site.
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in shrines in central Honshu and southward, and there is a theory that these trees may have been treated at a high price.
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has been successful in its efforts to conserve and rehabilitate forests and other vegetation. In the aftermath of the
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decree. As a result, many shrines were abolished, and at the same time, their guardian forests were cut down.
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Contrary to these examples, there are also examples of Chinju no Mori forests created for shrines via
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247:, "chinju no mori" is used as an academic term by the International Society of Vegetation Science. 。
30:, Kawakita, Kasuga Shrine). Similar landscapes are still widely found in rice-growing areas in Japan.
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since that time, fearing the large-scale destruction of nature that would result from this logging.
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Most Shinto shrines were originally built in such a Shinto shrine or on the border between the
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as their sacred objects, thus preserving the ancient Shinto religion, which is also known as
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is often used. In some cases, the word shrine is written and read as mori, suggesting that
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religion. This led to increased reflection on the consequences of excessive development,
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and other initiatives aimed at preserving and restoring forests and green spaces. The
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is often used in the names of
Shrines. In this case it refers to a place where a
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or the like. In this sense, the forests associated with
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A forest of Shinto shrine surrounded by rice paddies (
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was intended to incorporate indigenous beliefs into
691:"Chinju no Mori: The Guardian of the Forest Shrine"
618:"Sacred Forests: The Ecological Power of Reverence"
224:. Some shrines do not even have a main shrine or a
50:established and maintained in or around shrines (
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365:Furthermore, in such fragmented vegetation, the
269:. Some trees were brought in as donations from
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642:"ARC - Faiths and ecology - Shinto forestry"
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141:of shrine Shinto is understood to be the
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1961:Modern system of ranked Shinto shrines
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479:On a more minor note, large plants of
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740:を含む小さな神社で、神殿のすぐ隣まで人家などが建てられている神社は除く。
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529:2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami
495:, and happily explained it to the
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852:鳴海邦匡・小林茂「近世以降の神社林の景観変化」歴史地理学48-1、
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507:Following the conclusion of the
2036:Shrine Parishioner Registration
877:鎮守の森を再び シャクナゲなど130本植樹 二里町大里地区住民
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858:
846:
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616:Kotera, Yasuhiro (2021-12-23).
414:In modern times, the belief in
396:Nevertheless, unlike so-called
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181:(characteristic places such as
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354:should not occur much in the
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265:. The most famous example is
74:Chinju no mori refers to the
2134:Two bows, two claps, one bow
883:』LiVE（2018年3月7日）2018年5月19日閲覧
593:Potential natural vegetation
426:mentioned above, as well as
275:potential natural vegetation
145:, such as the main hall and
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2060:Misc practices for visitors
2046:Shrine Consolidation Policy
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503:Revaluation and restoration
297:of the area, the so-called
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10:
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843:PLANT A TREE PLANT LOVEサイト
666:"Encyclopedia of Shinto詳細"
464:resources or by-products (
434:As far back as before the
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279:Kasugayama Primeval Forest
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315:shrine and temple forests
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66:, and places of worship.
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834:「木を植える-21世紀の鎮守の森を目指して-」
525:national trust movement
521:national trust movement
1621:Sannō Ichijitsu Shintō
1573:daughters of Amaterasu
1025:Architectonic elements
257:Afforestation in Japan
251:Planted Chinju no Mori
137:In modern Shinto, the
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16:Japanese sacred forest
2041:Secular Shrine Theory
1956:Shinkai (divine rank)
78:that surrounded many
22:
1491:Fushimi Inari Taisha
446:has been opposed to
281:was registered as a
173:, etc.), megaliths,
1966:Engishiki Jinmyocho
1628:Kumano Nachi Taisha
954:Shinto architecture
773:Japanese dictionary
719:www.gentleearth.org
493:Wakayama Prefecture
299:original vegetation
283:World Heritage Site
147:Shinto architecture
28:Tamba Sasayama City
1985:Buddhist elements
1941:Twenty-Two Shrines
901:2022-05-18 at the
556:Green conservatism
85:The character for
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1552:Dazaifu Tenman-gū
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1218:ishi-no-ma-zukuri
787:Sonoda Minoru in
622:The Earth & I
588:Minakata Kumagusu
489:Minakata Kumagusu
444:Minakata Kumagusu
319:natural monuments
216:, which worships
202:everlasting world
93:was derived from
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2180:Forests of Japan
2175:Culture of Japan
1674:Tutelary deities
1611:Oyamakui no Kami
1525:Ise Grand Shrine
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1508:Usa Hachiman-gū
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1239:misedana-zukuri
1197:hachiman-zukuri
1190:tsumairi-zukuri
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1051:kaerumata: see
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973:chōzu or temizu
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896:国柄探訪：「鎮守の森」を世界へ
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940:Shinto shrines
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890:External links
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867:（2018年5月19日閲覧）
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789:Breen, Teeuwen
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448:Shrine merging
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311:shrine forests
303:Forest ecology
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245:Akira Miyawaki
238:spirit worship
234:nature worship
128:Chinju no Mori
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58:, surrounding
35:Chinju-no-mori
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1842:Matsuri float
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1638:Kumano Sanzan
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1225:kasuga-zukuri
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124:sacred groves
120:
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91:Shrine Shinto
88:
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80:Shinto shrine
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67:
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29:
26:
21:
2093:Jinja Honchō
2086:Institutions
2005:Whale mounds
1995:
1988:
1917:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1871:
1864:
1847:Shinko-shiki
1773:
1761:
1709:Yama-no-Kami
1584:Takeminakata
1501:Inari shrine
1483:Head shrines
1470:
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1260:owari-zukuri
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1253:ōtori-zukuri
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733:
722:. Retrieved
718:
709:
698:. Retrieved
694:
685:
674:. Retrieved
669:
660:
649:. Retrieved
645:
636:
625:. Retrieved
621:
611:
517:depopulation
513:state Shinto
506:
478:
458:State Shinto
452:
433:
413:
395:
380:
364:
331:
314:
310:
292:
267:Meiji Shrine
260:
242:
210:Omiwa Shrine
199:
195:sacred trees
161:, there are
136:
131:
127:
111:
98:
86:
82:
73:
34:
33:
2020:Sōja shrine
1832:Arahitogami
1815:Jingu Taima
1785:(locations)
1724:Ubusunagami
1704:Jinushigami
1633:Kumano Kodō
1616:Sannō torii
1579:Suwa Taisha
1540:Jingu Taima
1496:Inari Ōkami
1402:Kagura suzu
1298:Decorations
1045:hidden roof
509:Pacific War
454:Jinja gōshi
440:Jinja gōshi
424:Meiji Jingu
410:Jinja gōshi
374:vectoring,
240:in Japan.。
2169:Categories
1898:Kanjo Nawa
1687:Chinjugami
1606:Ōkuninushi
1589:Yasakatome
1367:Chōzubachi
1352:Implements
1008:kagura-den
865:鎮守の森プロジェクト
724:2023-03-11
700:2023-03-11
695:Wisata App
676:2023-03-11
651:2023-03-11
627:2023-03-09
604:References
541:Chinjugami
408:See also:
335:population
295:vegetation
289:Vegetation
255:See also:
218:Mount Miwa
187:waterfalls
171:Mount Fuji
52:Chinjugami
2139:Jichinsai
1971:Chinjusha
1919:Miyamairi
1825:Senjafuda
1795:Kadomatsu
1789:Katashiro
1775:Meoto Iwa
1764:(forests)
1739:Yorishiro
1692:Garanshin
1662:Gion cult
1650:Gion cult
1530:Amaterasu
1460:Tamagushi
1320:Shimenawa
1116:nakazonae
1053:nakazonae
1032:Chinjusha
965:Buildings
791:(2000:43)
576:Shimenawa
561:Ko-Shintō
546:Chinjusha
398:satoyamas
338:example,
151:shimenawa
118:Man'yōshū
2109:Futomani
2067:Ō-mikuji
2015:Mitamaya
2010:Kamidana
1997:miyadera
1990:jingū-ji
1866:Kannushi
1770:(rocks)
1756:Shinboku
1729:Kunitama
1562:Tenmangū
1535:Jingūkyō
1513:Hachiman
1466:Masakaki
1388:Himorogi
1144:tamagaki
1123:shinboku
1088:katsuogi
1081:katōmado
1067:karahafu
899:Archived
801:神奈備祭について
760:Iwanami
583:Bai sema
571:Himorogi
566:Shinboku
551:Satoyama
535:See also
497:kannushi
474:tabunoki
352:Mucunoki
346:such as
340:camphora
204:and the
163:Himorogi
155:Koshinto
95:Koshinto
2129:Hakushu
2029:History
1925:Shinshi
1837:Mikoshi
1820:Omamori
1791:(dolls)
1783:Kannabi
1768:Iwakura
1758:(trees)
1751:Mirrors
1743:Shintai
1714:Oyagami
1699:Dōsojin
1682:Ujigami
1446:Shinsen
1374:Chōzuya
1102:komainu
1074:karamon
470:camphor
466:camphor
404:Decline
391:cypress
367:animals
327:Okinawa
222:Shintai
189:), and
167:Iwakura
139:shintai
70:Meaning
60:temples
48:forests
2124:Misogi
2119:Kagura
1981:Hokora
1912:Misaki
1905:Junrei
1800:Bunrei
1557:Tenjin
1416:Ō-nusa
1409:O-miki
1381:Hakama
1342:Others
1310:Saisen
1175:Styles
994:hokora
987:Heiden
980:Haiden
820:12版6面
762:Kōjien
485:sekkok
416:shinto
372:pollen
360:Honshu
348:Keyaki
271:Taiwan
226:Honden
191:nature
179:rivers
159:shinto
143:shrine
130:where
76:Forest
2114:Harae
2102:Rites
2072:Shuin
1858:Staff
1810:Ofuda
1804:Kanjō
1719:Sorei
1472:Washi
1439:Shide
1432:Sanbo
1423:Gohei
1315:Tomoe
1305:Sandō
1158:torii
1151:tokyō
1137:sōrin
1130:shōrō
1060:kairō
1038:chigi
854:2006年
824:の全面広告
822:山田養蜂場
818:1月10日
815:2009年
481:furan
436:Meiji
420:Ujiko
387:cedar
323:Utaki
307:Japan
230:hills
183:reefs
64:Sando
56:Japan
54:) in
1891:A-un
1873:Miko
1802:and
1741:and
1453:Suzu
1165:tōrō
881:佐賀新聞
812:読売新聞
483:and
462:wood
376:seed
350:and
236:and
185:and
175:seas
132:kami
112:kami
99:mori
87:mori
46:are
41:鎮守の森
2077:Ema
1395:Jōe
1109:mon
841:NPO
837:宮脇昭
768:広辞苑
389:or
383:gap
325:in
313:or
305:in
212:in
126:or
2171::
1360:An
778:^
717:.
693:.
668:.
644:.
620:.
362:.
197:.
177:,
165:,
62:,
931:e
924:t
917:v
879:『
839:、
771:)
765:(
738:祠
727:.
703:.
679:.
654:.
630:.
108:)
105:杜
102:(
83:.
44:)
38:(
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