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1361:. The ribs of the thorax are numbered in ascending order from 1–12. 11 and 12 are known as floating ribs because they have no anterior attachment point in particular the cartilage attached to the sternum, as 1 through 7 are, and therefore are termed "floating". Whereas ribs 8 through 10 are termed false ribs as their costal cartilage articulates with the costal cartilage of the rib above. The thorax bones also have the main function of protecting the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels in the thorax area, such as the
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1571:. It is a condition that occurs when a portion of the lung collapses from being airless. When bronchial tubes are blocked, this condition develops and causes patients to feel shortness of breath. The most common cause of atelectasis is when a bronchi that extends from the windpipe is blocked and traps air. The blockage may be caused by something inside the
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1550:. Chest wall pain can be experienced after an increase in activity. Persons who add exercise to their daily routine generally feel this type of pain at the beginning. It is important to monitor the pain to ensure that it is not a sign of something more serious. Pain can also be experienced in persons who have an upper respiratory
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crushing pain in the back, neck, and arms, pain that is felt due to noncardiac issues gives a burning feeling along the digestive tract or pain when deep breaths are attempted. Different people feel pains differently for the same condition. Only a patient truly knows if the symptoms are mild or serious.
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may also be experienced. If a heart attack occurs, the bulk of the damage is caused during the first six hours, so getting the proper treatment as quickly as possible is important. Some people, especially those who are elderly or have diabetes, may not have typical chest pain but may have many of the
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space. It can occur without a known cause or as the result of a lung disease or acute lung injury. The size of the pneumothorax changes as air or gas builds up, so a medical procedure can release the pressure with a needle. If it is untreated, blood flow can be interrupted and cause a drop in blood
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encountered in blunt chest trauma involve derangements in the flow of air, blood, or both in combination. Sepsis due to leakage of alimentary tract contents, as in esophageal perforations, also must be considered. Blunt trauma commonly results in chest wall injuries (e.g., rib fractures). The pain
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complications. The pain can trigger cardiac issues as well. Not all pain that is felt is associated with the heart, but it should not be taken lightly either. Symptoms can be different depending on the cause of the pain. While cardiac issues cause feelings of sudden pressure in the chest or a
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associated with these injuries can make breathing difficult, and this may compromise ventilation. Direct lung injuries, such as pulmonary contusions (see the image below), are frequently associated with major chest trauma and may impair ventilation by a similar mechanism.
1753:. In extant insects, the prothorax never has wings, though legs are always present in adults; wings (when present) are restricted to at least the mesothorax, and typically also the metathorax, though the wings may be reduced or modified on either or both segments. In the
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The trilobite body is divided into three major sections, a cephalon with eyes, mouthparts and sensory organs such as antennae, a thorax of multiple similar segments (that in some species allowed them to roll up into a ball), and a pygidium, or tail
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is another viral infection that can give symptoms of chest or rib pain before a rash develops. Injuries to the rib cage or sternum is also a common cause of chest pain. It is generally felt when deep breaths are taken or during a cough.
1389:, which extends from the second to the sixth rib vertically and from the edge of the sternum to the mid-axillary line laterally. The female nipple is surrounded for half an inch by a more or less pigmented disc, the
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1330:. Level with this line the second ribs join the sternum, and when these are found the lower ribs can often be counted. At the lower part of the sternum, where the seventh or last true ribs join it, the
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pressure known as tension pneumothorax. It is possible for smaller cases to clear up on their own. Symptoms of this condition are often felt only on one side of the lung or as a shortness of breath.
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1385:; in the female it is not so constant. A little below it the lower limit of the great pectoral muscle is seen running upward and outward to the axilla; in the female this is obscured by the
1529:('heart attack'). If this condition is present in the body, discomfort will be felt in the chest that is similar to a heavy weight placed on the body. Sweating, shortness of breath,
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and legs attach in insects, or an area of multiple articulating plates in trilobites. In most insects, the thorax itself is composed of three segments; the
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in the male is situated in front of the fourth rib or a little below; vertically it lies a little external to a line drawn down from the middle of the
1579:, or an inhaled foreign object such as a coin, piece of food, or a toy. It is possible for something outside of the bronchus to cause the blockage.
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other symptoms of a heart attack. It is important that these patients and their caregivers have a good understanding of heart attack symptoms.
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gland, as well as muscles and various other internal structures. Many diseases may affect the chest, and one of the most common symptoms is
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1783:). In some insects, each of these parts is composed of one to several independent exoskeletal plates with membrane between them (called
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Each thoracic segment in an insect is further subdivided into various parts, the most significant of which are the dorsal portion (the
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in the front of the body is called the chest. The corresponding area in an animal can also be referred to as the chest.
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is seen above, while about three fingers' breadth below it a transverse ridge can be felt, which is known as the
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1393:. The apex of a normal heart is in the fifth left intercostal space, three and a half inches from the mid-line.
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Injury to the chest (also referred to as chest trauma, thoracic injury, or thoracic trauma) results in up to
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of the creature's body, each of which is in turn composed of multiple segments. It is the area where the
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of the thorax. The anterior thoracic wall, the airways and the pulmonary vessels anterior to the
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anteriorly, but more deeply its lower limit rather corresponds to the upper border of the liver.
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This type of investigation can be used for detecting both acute and chronic changes in the
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Just like with a heart attack, not all chest pain is caused by conditions involving the
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of the creature's body, each of which is in turn composed of multiple segments.
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have been digitally removed in order to visualize the different levels of the
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The bones of the thorax, called the "thoracic skeleton" is a component of the
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begins, and above this there is often a depression known as the pit of the
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1458:. Any condition that lowers the ability to either breathe deeply or to
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X-ray image of the human chest showing the internal anatomy of the
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The anatomy of the chest can also be described through the use of
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and this marks the junction between the manubrium and body of the
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and other contents. It is mostly protected and supported by the
37:"Chest" redirects here. For the furniture used for storage, see
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The shape of the chest does not correspond to that part of the
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This article is about the anatomy concept. For other uses, see
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and the sternum. Thoracic vertebrae are also distinguished in
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Frontal part of an animal's body, between its head and abdomen
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345:, the thorax is the chest region of the body between the
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1554:. This virus is also accompanied by a fever and cough.
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as well as the inferior thoracic border–made up of the
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to distinguish it from the "thorax" of other insects.
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is the condition where air or gas can build up in the
463:(the shoulder socket containing the upper part of the
1612:, the thorax is the region of the body formed by the
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1541:
530:
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of a human chest area, with some structures labeled
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1779:; one on each side), and the ventral portion (the
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2066:Lung and Airway Disorders. Retrieved on 2010-1-26
3595:
1509:can be the result of multiple issues, including
2004:, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing,
1995:
1698:In the worker ant, the abdomen consists of the
1423:Click here to scroll through the image stacks.
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1462:is considered a chest disease or condition.
1438:or conditions that affect the chest include
423:muscle; and internal structures such as the
1567:Another non-cardiac cause of chest pain is
443:. Arteries and veins are also contained – (
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1996:Safarini, Omar A.; Bordoni, Bruno (2024),
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58:
1949:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
92:Surface projections of the organs of the
1648:. The inner organs are protected by the
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1396:
382:
286:
2091:
1368:
1287:, the region of the thorax between the
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395:The contents of the thorax include the
14:
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1965:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,
1790:
1733:, the thorax is one of the three main
253:, the thorax is one of the three main
2913:
2561:
2111:
2094:"A guide to the Orders of Trilobites"
2078:Lung Diseases. Retrieved on 2010-1-26
929:
504:
1809:high resolution computed tomography
1406:High-resolution computed tomographs
268:. It contains organs including the
210:
24:
1624:. It extends from the neck to the
291:Adolescent male chest and nipples.
25:
3625:
2085:
1706:, itself divided into the narrow
1408:of a normal thorax, taken in the
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1824:
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1542:Non-cardiac causes of chest pain
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1603:
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1525:Chest pain may be a symptom of
331:
300:The word thorax comes from the
3388:Bronchomediastinal lymph trunk
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2038:
2021:
1989:
1972:
1956:
1940:
1923:
1905:
1562:
260:The human thorax includes the
13:
1:
1917:Oxford Learner's Dictionaries
1898:
1855:Clearly visible thorax of an
1575:, such as a plug of mucus, a
477:thoracic portion of the spine
2027:Shahani, Rohit, MD. (2005).
1969:, on Perseus Digital Library
1935:Dorland's Medical Dictionary
1775:), the lateral portion (the
1702:fused to the thorax and the
1278:
490:External structures are the
336:
295:
233:animals located between the
7:
1864:
1628:, and does not include the
372:
10:
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1985:. Oxford University Press.
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901:Posterior intercostal 3–11
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353:, along with its internal
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1982:Oxford English Dictionary
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1318:. In the middle line the
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848:Posterior intercostal 1–2
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2029:Penetrating Chest Trauma
1951:Medical Subject Headings
1341:
637:Left anterior descending
2035:. Retrieved 2005-02-05.
1998:"Anatomy, Thorax, Ribs"
1967:A Greek-English Lexicon
1670:Thorax (insect anatomy)
1501:
483:, and the rib cage and
32:Thorax (disambiguation)
3609:Thorax (human anatomy)
3330:Superior diaphragmatic
3293:Subclavian lymph trunk
3145:inferior deep cervical
3140:superior deep cervical
3108:Deep anterior cervical
2975:Mastoid/retroauricular
2139:Human regional anatomy
2054:Retrieved on 2010-1-26
1893:Cardiothoracic surgery
1871:anatomical terminology
1843:Thorax. Anterior view.
1831:Thorax. Anterior view.
1527:myocardial infarctions
1490:in the United States.
1431:
392:
325:
292:
189:Anatomical terminology
43:Chest (disambiguation)
41:. For other uses, see
3135:Deep lateral cervical
1817:pulmonary circulation
1486:of all deaths due to
1404:
1397:Clinical significance
1314:and the heads of the
568:Ligamentum arteriosum
386:
290:
229:of mammals and other
3383:Right lymphatic duct
2895:clavipectoral fascia
2809:transversus thoracis
2756:thoracolumbar fascia
1913:"Definition: Thorax"
1375:anatomical landmarks
1369:Anatomical landmarks
1263:clavipectoral fascia
1177:transversus thoracis
1124:thoracolumbar fascia
819:Perforating branches
804:Anterior intercostal
736:Right common carotid
620:Posterior descending
587:Coronary circulation
435:, and a part of the
341:In humans and other
98:oblique lung fissure
3472:Inferior mesenteric
3456:Superior mesenteric
3335:Trachea and bronchi
2818:serratus posterior
2782:Intercostal muscles
1791:Human thorax images
1535:irregular heartbeat
1434:Different types of
1353:It consists of the
1186:serratus posterior
1150:Intercostal muscles
844:Highest intercostal
839:Costocervical trunk
832:superior epigastric
814:Pericardiacophrenic
778:Carotid bifurcation
3529:Lumbar lymph trunk
2834:thoracic diaphragm
2814:levatores costarum
2693:intertransversarii
2665:Transversospinales
2050:2014-12-16 at the
1869:This article uses
1729:, and the extinct
1644:, as well as many
1432:
1332:ensiform cartilage
1320:suprasternal notch
1302:that encloses the
1202:thoracic diaphragm
1182:levatores costarum
1061:intertransversarii
1033:Transversospinales
453:inferior vena cava
449:superior vena cava
415:pectoral muscles,
393:
293:
249:, and the extinct
3614:Trilobite anatomy
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3178:Anterior cervical
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2902:
2867:serratus anterior
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1495:pathophysiologies
1300:thoracic skeleton
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1274:
1271:
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1235:serratus anterior
1132:
1131:
923:
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919:
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862:
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799:Internal thoracic
417:trapezius muscles
225:is a part of the
203:
202:
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39:Chest (furniture)
16:(Redirected from
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3534:Intestinal trunk
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3350:bronchopulmonary
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3183:Lateral cervical
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2942:lymphatic system
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2857:pectoralis minor
2852:pectoralis major
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2738:levator scapulae
2716:latissimus dorsi
2703:Vertebral column
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2330:Vertebral column
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1883:Pectus excavatum
1878:Pectus carinatum
1857:artistic gymnast
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1813:root of the lung
1805:Volume rendering
1801:
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1420:, respectively.
1225:pectoralis minor
1220:pectoralis major
1143:
1142:
1106:levator scapulae
1084:latissimus dorsi
1071:Vertebral column
978:
977:
950:
943:
936:
927:
926:
911:Superior phrenic
761:Internal carotid
756:External carotid
731:Right subclavian
714:
713:
684:Descending aorta
664:
663:
554:Pulmonary artery
525:
518:
511:
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457:pulmonary artery
212:
195:edit on Wikidata
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3509:Retroperitoneal
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3188:Supraclavicular
3166:
3160:jugulo-omohyoid
3155:jugulodigastric
3150:retropharyngeal
3094:
3058:
3013:
3000:infra-auricular
2944:
2940:Anatomy of the
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2908:
2899:
2890:pectoral fascia
2876:
2844:Thoracic cavity
2838:
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2742:
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2659:
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1888:Thoracic cavity
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1531:lightheadedness
1519:musculoskeletal
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1418:sagittal planes
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1244:
1212:Thoracic cavity
1206:
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694:Abdominal aorta
674:Ascending aorta
653:
642:Left circumflex
575:
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441:xiphoid process
381:
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2086:External links
2084:
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2045:Chest Diseases
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2020:
1988:
1979:"thorax, n.".
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1005:erector spinae
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726:Thyreoidea ima
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1655:
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1038:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1002:
996:
993:
991:
988:
987:
985:
983:
979:
976:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
951:
946:
944:
939:
937:
932:
931:
928:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
896:
895:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
876:
875:
873:
871:
865:
855:
854:Deep cervical
852:
849:
845:
842:
840:
836:
833:
829:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
796:
795:
793:
791:
785:
779:
776:
774:
773:Carotid sinus
771:
769:
766:
765:
762:
759:
757:
754:
753:
751:
749:
743:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
723:
721:
719:
715:
712:
710:
706:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
671:
669:
665:
662:
660:
656:
647:
646:Left marginal
643:
640:
638:
635:
634:
633:
631:
630:Left coronary
627:
626:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
597:
596:
594:
590:
588:
585:
584:
582:
578:
569:
565:
562:
560:
557:
556:
555:
552:
551:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
526:
521:
519:
514:
512:
507:
506:
503:
499:
497:
493:
488:
486:
485:floating ribs
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
439:known as the
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
390:
385:
380:
370:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
329:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
289:
285:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
266:thoracic wall
263:
258:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
208:
196:
190:
186:
183:
180:
178:
174:
171:
168:
166:
162:
159:
156:
154:
150:
147:
144:
142:
138:
135:
132:
130:
126:
123:
120:
118:
114:
109:
104:
99:
95:
89:
84:
79:
75:
71:
67:
61:
56:
49:
44:
40:
33:
19:
3355:paratracheal
3123:prelaryngeal
3118:paratracheal
2995:preauricular
2769:
2673:semispinalis
2645:iliocostalis
2592:
2339:
2279:Adam's apple
2097:. Retrieved
2071:
2059:
2040:
2032:
2023:
2013:, retrieved
2001:
1991:
1981:
1974:
1966:
1958:
1942:
1933:
1925:
1916:
1907:
1770:
1720:
1710:and bulbous
1607:
1604:In tetrapods
1588:Pneumothorax
1586:
1583:Pneumothorax
1566:
1545:
1524:
1517:issues, and
1505:
1492:
1469:
1433:
1372:
1352:
1345:
1297:
1282:
1137:
1041:semispinalis
1013:iliocostalis
960:
897:
877:
837:
823:
797:
768:Carotid body
628:
591:
539:
489:
407:gland); the
394:
340:
332:Human thorax
305:
299:
259:
222:
218:
214:
206:
204:
158:A01.1.00.014
133:
121:
3576:superficial
3419:Retroaortic
3325:Intercostal
3320:Parasternal
3250:Subscapular
3113:pretracheal
3077:Superficial
2985:Superficial
2804:subcostalis
2650:longissimus
2064:Atelectasis
1758:Hymenoptera
1727:crustaceans
1630:upper limbs
1569:atelectasis
1563:Atelectasis
1511:respiratory
1448:atelectasis
1444:flail chest
1430:parenchyma.
1172:subcostalis
1018:longissimus
891:Mediastinal
709:Aortic arch
699:Aortic body
679:Aortic arch
310:breastplate
247:crustaceans
111:Identifiers
3598:Categories
3477:pararectal
3460:mesenteric
3424:Paraaortic
3042:Mandibular
3035:nasolabial
3030:buccinator
2862:subclavius
2678:multifidus
2446:Fingernail
2099:August 23,
2015:2024-08-21
2002:StatPearls
1899:References
1751:metathorax
1749:, and the
1747:mesothorax
1731:trilobites
1620:, and the
1513:problems,
1507:Chest pain
1493:The major
1285:human body
1230:subclavius
1046:multifidus
886:Esophageal
868:Descending
790:subclavian
481:collarbone
282:chest pain
251:trilobites
3583:Popliteal
3466:mesocolic
3463:ileocolic
3429:Preaortic
3054:Submental
2970:Occipital
2872:sternalis
2797:innermost
2711:trapezius
2683:rotatores
2362:Genitalia
2033:eMedicine
1785:sclerites
1762:propodeum
1755:apocritan
1743:prothorax
1735:divisions
1700:propodeum
1626:diaphragm
1618:vertebrae
1552:infection
1515:digestive
1293:diaphragm
1279:The chest
1240:sternalis
1165:innermost
1079:trapezius
1051:rotatores
906:Subcostal
898:parietal:
881:Bronchial
878:visceral:
429:esophagus
425:diaphragm
403:(and the
337:Structure
296:Etymology
255:divisions
78:diaphragm
3559:Inguinal
3497:internal
3492:external
3345:inferior
3340:superior
3245:Pectoral
3240:Brachial
3235:Axillary
3085:anterior
3068:Cervical
2827:superior
2822:inferior
2792:internal
2787:external
2721:rhomboid
2655:spinalis
2627:cervicis
2614:splenius
2491:Buttocks
2411:Shoulder
2246:Mandible
2179:Forehead
2076:Pleurisy
2048:Archived
2010:30855912
1930:"thorax"
1865:See also
1766:mesosoma
1704:metasoma
1686:section.
1658:reptiles
1650:rib cage
1636:and the
1573:bronchus
1556:Shingles
1440:pleurisy
1436:diseases
1383:clavicle
1195:superior
1190:inferior
1160:internal
1155:external
1089:rhomboid
1023:spinalis
995:cervicis
982:splenius
824:terminal
667:Sections
605:AV nodal
600:SA nodal
532:Arteries
455:and the
373:Contents
359:rib cage
349:and the
343:hominids
264:and the
237:and the
231:tetrapod
219:thoraxes
215:thoraces
66:rib cage
3522:Vessels
3449:splenic
3444:hepatic
3439:gastric
3401:Abdomen
3371:Vessels
3286:Vessels
3255:Central
3201:Vessels
3128:thyroid
3090:lateral
2980:Parotid
2622:capitis
2591:of the
2589:Muscles
2536:Toenail
2426:Forearm
2372:Scrotum
2318:Midriff
2308:Abdomen
2301:(Trunk)
2251:Occiput
2194:Eyebrow
1781:sternum
1777:pleuron
1723:insects
1708:petiole
1614:sternum
1610:mammals
1592:pleural
1484:
1472:
1414:coronal
1359:sternum
1336:stomach
1328:sternum
1312:axillae
1283:In the
990:capitis
959:of the
957:Muscles
534:of the
496:nipples
473:sternum
469:scapula
465:humerus
437:sternum
433:trachea
351:abdomen
318:corslet
314:cuirass
243:insects
239:abdomen
227:anatomy
146:D013909
106:Details
3504:Sacral
3487:Common
3483:Iliac
3434:Celiac
3260:Apical
3025:Facial
2882:Fascia
2770:Thorax
2748:Fascia
2593:thorax
2471:Little
2461:Middle
2441:Finger
2416:Axilla
2357:Pelvis
2350:Nipple
2345:Breast
2340:Thorax
2284:Throat
2261:Temple
2224:Tongue
2204:Eyelid
2008:
1953:(MeSH)
1947:Thorax
1745:, the
1712:gaster
1632:. The
1577:tumour
1533:, and
1488:trauma
1466:Injury
1456:trauma
1391:areola
1387:breast
1379:nipple
1377:. The
1316:humeri
1250:Fascia
1138:Thorax
1116:Fascia
961:thorax
809:Thymic
610:Atrial
467:, the
431:, the
427:, the
419:, and
405:thymus
365:, and
355:organs
326:thorax
320:" via
306:thṓrax
304:θώραξ
278:thymus
276:, and
207:thorax
122:thorax
51:Thorax
3408:Nodes
3313:Nodes
3306:Chest
3228:Nodes
3171:Other
3018:Front
2731:minor
2726:major
2521:Ankle
2501:Thigh
2456:Index
2451:Thumb
2431:Wrist
2421:Elbow
2394:Limbs
2377:Vulva
2367:Penis
2323:Navel
2313:Waist
2299:Torso
2256:Scalp
2229:Tooth
2214:Mouth
2184:Cheek
1963:θώραξ
1807:of a
1773:notum
1739:wings
1654:birds
1638:lungs
1634:heart
1548:heart
1460:cough
1410:axial
1363:aorta
1342:Bones
1308:lungs
1304:heart
1099:minor
1094:major
870:aorta
659:Aorta
580:Heart
559:Right
547:Lungs
540:chest
536:torso
461:bones
445:aorta
413:minor
409:major
401:lungs
397:heart
389:X-ray
363:spine
322:Latin
302:Greek
274:lungs
270:heart
241:. In
223:chest
221:) or
193:[
134:θώραξ
129:Greek
117:Latin
94:trunk
74:heart
70:lungs
53:Chest
18:Chest
3564:deep
3266:Arm
3100:Deep
2990:Deep
2963:Back
2956:Head
2605:Back
2597:back
2595:and
2541:Sole
2526:Heel
2516:Foot
2511:Calf
2506:Knee
2466:Ring
2436:Hand
2384:Anus
2335:Back
2289:Nape
2271:Neck
2209:Nose
2189:Chin
2174:Face
2169:Hair
2161:Head
2153:Skin
2147:Body
2101:2005
2006:PMID
1622:ribs
1502:Pain
1428:lung
1416:and
1357:and
1355:ribs
1306:and
1291:and
1289:neck
973:Back
965:back
963:and
788:Left
746:Left
564:Left
538:and
494:and
492:skin
421:neck
411:and
399:and
347:neck
235:neck
205:The
182:9576
153:TA98
141:MeSH
72:and
3552:Leg
2531:Toe
2496:Hip
2483:Leg
2403:Arm
2241:Jaw
2236:Ear
2219:Lip
2199:Eye
1932:at
1721:In
1608:In
1454:or
487:).
459:);
387:An
217:or
211:pl.
177:FMA
170:125
165:TA2
3600::
2031:.
2000:,
1915:.
1725:,
1660:.
1446:,
1442:,
1412:,
1365:.
1350:.
1338:.
830:,
498:.
479:,
475:,
471:,
451:,
447:,
369:.
361:,
328:.
324::
316:,
312:,
284:.
272:,
245:,
213::
68:,
2933:e
2926:t
2919:v
2581:e
2574:t
2567:v
2131:e
2124:t
2117:v
2103:.
1919:.
1873:.
1859:.
1819:.
1714:.
1481:4
1478:/
1475:1
949:e
942:t
935:v
850:)
846:(
841::
834:)
826:(
801::
648:)
644:(
632::
595::
570:)
566:(
524:e
517:t
510:v
308:"
209:(
197:]
80:.
45:.
34:.
20:)
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