325:
servants while toddlers, but speaking
Chinese at the school was banned for many years, and many forgot the Chinese they had spoken when younger. Study of Chinese culture and language was not offered to students until 1917 and was not mandatory until 1934. "We were in a British compound in the middle of China," said one former student, "and we have been in London." CIM policy demanded that its missionaries wear Chinese clothing and live a Chinese lifestyle, but the children of CIM missionaries attended a school in which an objective was to prepare the students for an elite higher education in England—an education and elite status many of their parents did not have. CIM missionary parents were concerned about the professional futures of their children which might be compromised if they did not receive a British education
549:
300:
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ages 11 to 16) which opened in 1898. Head Master Pat Bruce (1930-1945) made significant changes at Chefoo such as the introduction of co-education in 1934; the construction of a new teaching and preparatory bloc; the creation of the Chefoo
Orchestra in 1930; the teaching of Chinese Studies; and the beginning of a Girl Guides company. In 1936, Chefoo School adopted the Chinese dolphin as its crest." The curriculum was British, focused on preparing Chefoo students for entrance to British universities. There was a heavy emphasis on religion with daily prayers and two church services on Sunday. All the teachers were CIM missionaries. Sports such as rowing,
284:(CIM) (after 1964 OMF International) in England in 1865 and it became the largest Protestant missionary organization in China. A major problem for missionaries was the education of their children. Most British and American missionaries sent their children back to their home countries for education which meant separations of the parents from their children for years. Taylor, however, had made a commitment that the children of CIM missionaries would be given a British education in China. In 1879, he purchased land from farmers for a school near the picturesque sea port of Chefoo (later
435:, later described the characteristics of the school as "ritual, predictability, and safety which was our salvation" by enabling the students to survive the rigors of imprisonment by the Japanese. Another student, Kathleen Strange, lamenting the long years separated from her parents, criticized the sternness of the school and the lack of affection from teachers. "We were never hugged, we never sat on anyone's lap, we were never kissed."
140:
133:
162:
155:
148:
422:
in
England in December. They had not seen their families for five years and Strange did not recognize her mother. Both were uncomfortable with embraces by their family members. Kerry said, "No one had touched me in years and I felt uncomfortable and embarrassed." David Michell reunited with his family in Australia in November, not having seen them for more than six years.
389:, however, was less than complimentary about the conservative Protestants, mostly from Chefoo, whom he knew at Weihsien. The "frequent Protestant reaction of moral disapproval, and of spiritual if not physical withdrawal." They "typically huddled together...kept to their own flock of saved souls, evidently because they feared to be contaminated...by this sinful world."
329:
missionary families were common. Isolating Chefoo students from contact with
Chinese helped keep the school free of disease. The school's promotional literature advertised that "there are no Chinese houses within a mile or so." Fear of disease, however, did not prevent the Chefoo school from employing many Chinese as servants and workers.
418:" and the prisoners hoisted their rescuers onto their shoulders. Suddenly, unexpectedly, the war was over for them, and they were free. Chefoo student Mary Previte recalled: "The camp went berserk. We didn't know the war was over, people were dancing, weeping, pounding the ground." The Japanese guards at the camp surrendered.
126:
288:) and in 1881 Chefoo school opened with three students. The Chefoo School grew rapidly and in 1905 had 226 boys and 193 girls enrolled from China Inland Mission parents. In addition, the school admitted a few children of other missionary organizations, businessmen, and other Europeans working in China.
372:
The Chefoo staff attempted, mostly with success, to keep the Chefoo students isolated from other internees. They had their own school, separate from the several schools attended by other children in the camp. Romances and friendships between Chefoo students and other children in the camp were broken
346:
The number of Chefoo staff and students interned at Temple Hill was 252 of whom 77 were adults and 175 were children. One hundred and fourteen of the children were separated from their parents. Ninety of the unaccompanied children were
British (including Canadians, Australians, etc.) Forty-seven of
315:
Political chaos in China after 1925, the ongoing civil war between communists and the
Chinese government, the invasion of China by Japan in 1937, and the beginning of World War II in Europe in 1939 caused many missionaries and other foreigners to leave China. Nevertheless, the Chefoo school in 1940
421:
It was late
September before the Chefoo students were able to leave Weihsien. The 96 students who had been separated from their parents were transported by the U.S. and British militaries to the places where their families were located. Kathleen Strange and Joyce Kerry reunited with their families
350:
In
September 1943, the staff and students of Chefoo school were loaded onto first a ship and later trucks and transported to the Weihsien Civilian Assembly Center, an internment camp located in the interior part of Shandong province. There, they would remain for two years until the end of the war.
291:
The name of the school was initially the "Protestant
Collegiate School." By 1908 it was called the "China Inland Mission school," but later it was usually called the "Chefoo School." Chefoo was a boarding school with students from all over China, many of whom had to travel for weeks to get to the
368:
jazz band, and more than a few prostitutes, derelicts, and criminals. An internee described the dilapidated compound, about 6 acres (2.4 ha) in size, as "bare walls, bare floors, dim electric lights, no running water, primitive latrines, two houses with showers, three huge public kitchens, a
307:
Chefoo had three departments—the Boys', Girls', and
Preparatory School. In 1886 the Boys' and Girls' schools were separated. "In 1895 a Preparatory School for children aged 6 to 10 was opened and in 1896 a new Boys' School (ages 11 to 16) was built and enlargements made to the Girls' School (also
430:
Former Chefoo students shared differing views on the school. "The best ten years of my life," said one. Others said, "one big happy family," and "a wonderful atmosphere of sheer joyful faith, understanding, infinite patience, and love of the staff." The negative views included: "a Public School
342:
on 7 December 1941, the Japanese visited the school and arrested the headmaster and imprisoned him for a month. Lacking access to funds, the school dismissed most of the Chinese staff and rationed food. The Japanese encroached on the school and slowly took over the buildings for the use of their
324:
In the first decade of the Chefoo School, several children of mixed European/Chinese parentage unofficially attended the Chefoo School, although by 1891 mixed-blood students were effectively, if not officially, banned from attending. Many Chefoo students had learned to speak Chinese at home from
328:
The parents of CIM children also feared the "polluting" and unhealthy environment their children experienced in China in their pre-school years. The Chinese environment was "conducive neither to health of body nor purity of minds." Many diseases were rampant in China and deaths from disease in
249:
Chefoo School was described by a former student: "On the rising ground looking out across a sleepy, sun-kissed bay, there stood a group of rambling, ivy-covered, neo-Gothic buildings...For nearly fifty years these gracious, elegant, mellowing buildings were the home of a great English boarding
397:
Six American soldiers and a Chinese interpreter parachuted into Weihsien on August 17, 1945. Unknown to the internees, three days earlier the Japanese had announced their surrender, but another two weeks would pass before the surrender papers were signed. The paratroopers were sent by the
518:
The Chefoo Schools Association was founded in 1908 to operate as an association for all former students and past and present members of staff of the Chefoo Schools. A magazine entitled Chefoo (organ of the Chefoo Schools Association) was first published in 1908, and continued until 2018.
337:
In July 1937 Japan initiated war with China, a forerunner of World War II. Because of the war some students were unable to visit their families in other parts of China while others left the school to return to their family homes and did not return. The day after the Japanese attack on
359:
The Chefoo students arriving at Weihsien "had grown up in a very cloistered, old-fashioned, Bible-reading, soul-saving religious community." In Weihsien they found themselves members of a community of 1,500 people, mostly British and from all walks of life: businessmen, scholars,
29:
347:
this total, all Americans, were repatriated to the United States in September 1943, leaving 205 interned "Chefusians," nearly all British, including 96 unaccompanied children. (One additional child was born later and one student died of an accident in Weihsien.)
343:
army. On 5 November 1942 all the remaining students and staff were forced to leave. With a few belongings they walked to Temple Hill, an abandoned missionary compound in the city of Chefoo, and there were housed in crowded conditions until September 1943.
476:. By the first summer, there were 126 students. By May 1949, Communist forces had occupied Kuling. The school continued until 1951 when the China Inland Mission decided to withdraw completely from China. Staff and students of Chefoo School withdrew to
670:
Howard Alexander Hatton, Born in Yunnan, China. Linguist, translator and prolific biblical scholar (Thailand Bible Society, United and American Bible Societies), OMF missionary and son of China Inland Missionaries, Frederick and Dora (Kidd)
377:
said that she never feared for her own safety in the camp, although rumors circulated among the adults that the Japanese were going to kill all the internees. Academic standards were maintained. Thirty-seven Chefoo students took the
250:
school...where children of missionaries from all over China and children of other foreign residents received a Bible-oriented, English 'public school' education up to Oxford Certificate level...the School survived the
369:
desecrated church, and a dismantled hospital." A Japanese commandant and 40 guards provided meager food and fuel to the internees, but mostly left the internees alone to sort out the details of their confined lives.
447:
forces occupied north China and the school never returned to Chefoo. During the war, branches of the Chefoo School were temporarily opened at (Kiating) (1941–1944) (in a part of China not occupied by Japan),
1477:
296:
on 8 October and travelling by truck, railroad, and ship, accompanied by other students and teacher escorts and delayed by the war between Japan and China, did not arrive in Chefoo until January 1941.
262:. At the end of the war in 1945, the students and staff did not return to Chefoo, although "Chefoo Schools" were established in other locations. The last campus of Chefoo school in China was in
1945:
743:
717:
511:, was the longest running and last surviving post-war Chefoo School when it ceased function as a school in June 2001. The compound was subsequently transferred to the
640:
1297:
Published by William Morrow, October 6, 2020 (Fictionalized story of the Japanese Army’s internment of teachers and children from Chefoo School during World War II.)
461:
1588:
2283:
1900:
1963:
1281:
1472:
2239:
431:
transplanted to the East with vast overdoses of religion" and "an isolated and abnormal society, fascinating but not healthy." One of the students,
608:
2303:
2273:
1527:
515:
and was repurposed as the Methodist Centennial Chefoo Centre, a church-run retreat and hostel opened in 2009 following extensive renovation.
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school from where their parents were stationed. In 1940, in one exceptional case, 6-year old David Michell left his parents' home in remote
1287:
778:
1581:
266:. Chefoo School Kuling Campus was established in 1947 and survived until 1951 when it was closed by the Chinese communist government.
1882:
2225:
1983:
1094:
548:
254:, plague, tropical diseases, bandits and piracy on the China seas, but its greatest test came in the nineteen forties" during
2298:
1574:
299:
2278:
2067:
1905:
1555:
483:
Following the redeployment of missionaries throughout east Asia, new Chefoo schools were established in Japan (1951–1998),
619:
2098:
2062:
1940:
1930:
379:
2293:
1998:
1988:
2268:
2232:
1842:
1141:
753:
1095:"Mary Previte's Speech at the Sixtieth Anniversary Celebration of the Liberation of the Weihsien Concentration Camp"
1347:
539:
530:
2083:
1877:
2246:
2013:
1852:
1626:
1178:
841:
566:
406:, to liberate the internees. Unable to land in the compound because of the guards, they made a low drop from a
172:
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180:
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258:. During the war the Japanese army took control of the school, and the students and staff were moved to the
2288:
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2033:
1797:
1697:
1646:
512:
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and rest and recreation community for missionaries. Students and staff gradually gathered at the school in
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2008:
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1097:. Weifang, Shandong Province, China: Embassy of the United States - Beijing, China. Archived from
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while in the camp and 34 passed, becoming eligible for admission to Britain's best universities.
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Victoria Clare Attisha (née Emslie), first western female physician in Iraq from 1930 to 1970
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Catherine Honor Harlow, O.B.E., former director, UK Department of Employment and Productivity
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An Oral History Case Study of Schooling at the Chefoo School and in Weihsien Internment Camp
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2003:
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1278:, by Sheila Miller (fictionalized account of life at Chefoo School, Malaysia, circa 1970)
858:
664:
589:
227:
2093:
1973:
1968:
806:
2113:
745:
Missionary Women: Gender, Professionalism and the Victorian Ideal of Christian Mission
2191:
2146:
2118:
1915:
1757:
1667:
1532:
1522:
1269:
1260:
Missionary Women: Gender, Professionalism and the Victorian Idea of Christian Mission
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1137:
1098:
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between February and April 1951, where missionary parents waited for their children.
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2018:
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622:(Edward Francis Southan Newman, 1873-1937), of the Imperial Post Office, China.
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503:(1956–1981). Chefoo School Malaysia, which was based on the outskirts of
500:
1807:
779:"Missionary Children in China: The Chefoo School and a Japanese Prison"
646:
633:
613:
242:. Its purpose was to provide an education for the children of foreign
139:
1318:
1288:
Missionary Children in China: The Chefoo School and a Japanese Prison
504:
477:
460:(1946–1947). In 1947, the CIM purchased the buildings of the defunct
449:
444:
132:
1272:
books (history of Chefoo School produced for the centenary in 1981)
1173:. Belmont, The Vine, Sevenoaks, Kent: OMF Books. pp. 165–166.
492:
488:
457:
235:
22:
China Inland Mission "Chefoo School" (Protestant Collegiate School)
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1050:
293:
161:
154:
303:
China Inland Mission Chefoo School Girls Rowing in the Year 1916
269:
The Chefoo School called itself "the best school east of Suez."
1356:
496:
285:
231:
188:
43:
28:
927:
915:
813:. School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
246:
and the foreign business and diplomatic communities in China.
147:
2201:
748:. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press. pp. 154, 163–167.
453:
239:
1946:
List of Protestant missionary societies in China (1807–1953)
1034:(First ed.). New York: Harper & Row. pp. 6–11.
836:. Singapore: Overseas Missionary Fellowship. pp. 6–10.
407:
1224:"Collection 710 Records of the Chefoo Schools Association"
1150:
1062:
975:
16:
Private boarding school in from Yantai to Kuling, Jiujiang
1325:
1074:
403:
1011:
987:
1187:
1136:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 307–312.
1038:
667:, professor and scholar of Islam and Christian missions
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951:
801:
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963:
1901:
American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
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1282:
Historical Bibliography of the China Inland Mission
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891:
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1473:Yantai Economic and Technological Development Zone
939:
2240:Journal of the West China Border Research Society
1218:
1216:
1214:
2260:
1596:
1310:(SOAS University of London Digital Collections)
601:. Sinologist and Columbia University professor.
1211:
1582:
1528:Shandong Institute of Business and Technology
1341:
1266:Pigtails, Petticoats and the Old School Tie''
1199:
312:, cricket, tennis and swimming were popular.
2284:Educational institutions established in 1880
319:
586:, missionary to China, historian and author
1589:
1575:
1478:Yantai Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone
1348:
1334:
1171:Pigtails Petticoats and the Old School Tie
604:Martyn King, youngest pilot killed in the
316:still had a student body of 338 students.
119:Football (soccer), rowing, cricket, tennis
1295:When We Were Young & Brave: A Novel,
298:
160:
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138:
131:
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2226:Chinese Recorder and Missionary Journal
1308:Chefoo Schools Association publications
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867:(EdD). Dissertation, Widener University
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203:
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1647:Protestant missions in China 1807–1953
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735:
688:
272:
2304:Buildings and structures in Jiujiang
2274:Evangelical parachurch organizations
2068:Reformed Church in the United States
1906:American Methodist Episcopal Mission
1556:Yantai Penglai International Airport
850:
776:
709:
682:
523:Chefoo School Students circa 1911-16
2063:Oberlin Shansi Memorial Association
1941:Protestant Episcopal Church Mission
1268:, by Sheila Miller. Available from
143:The Chefoo Girls' School circa 1893
13:
1245:
661:, American playwright and novelist
14:
2320:
2233:The Christian Occupation of China
1301:
1205:
857:Spink, Christina D. (June 2000).
767:. Downloaded from Cambridge Core.
715:
574:
1255:(Merlin Books Ltd, Devon, 1990).
1093:Previte, Mary (17 August 2005).
565:
556:
547:
538:
529:
425:
364:priests, liberal Christians, an
27:
2084:Bible translations into Chinese
332:
2247:The West China Missionary News
1276:I went to school in the jungle
380:School Certificate Examination
193:
184:
176:
1:
1314:Christian biography resources
718:"The Chefoo School at Lushan"
675:
438:
2299:1880 establishments in China
2053:English Presbyterian Mission
2034:Peking Union Medical College
1597:Protestant missions to China
1059:, pp. 54, 60–79, 86–88.
742:Semple, Rhonda Anne (2003).
691:"Birds in the Fowler's Nest"
513:Methodist Church in Malaysia
400:Office of Strategic Services
373:up by the teachers. Student
209:Protestant Collegiate School
7:
2279:Christian missions in China
2029:West China Union University
2009:Fukien Christian University
1262:(Boydell, 2003), chapter 5.
1228:Archives of Wheaton College
410:into a nearby cornfield. A
354:
222:established in 1881 by the
213:China Inland Mission School
10:
2325:
2099:Chinese Christian colleges
2041:Methodist Episcopal Church
1931:National Christian Council
1911:Canadian Methodist Mission
1355:
1286:Thompson, Larry Clinton, "
653:Paul Thompson (sinologist)
649:, social worker and author
599:Luther Carrington Goodrich
2294:Boarding schools in China
2210:
2137:
2089:Medical missions in China
2076:
1954:
1926:London Missionary Society
1891:
1655:
1602:
1548:
1541:
1515:
1493:
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1401:
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777:Thompson, Larry Clinton.
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320:In China but not of China
115:
104:
96:
86:
72:
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54:
40:
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26:
21:
2269:Private schools in China
2197:Second Sino-Japanese War
2058:Chung Hua Sheng Kung Hui
2019:College of Yale-in-China
1863:Elwood Gardner Tewksbury
1615:Protestantism in Sichuan
1253:Chefoo School, 1881-1951
1030:Gilkey, Langdon (1966).
936:, pp. 168, 180–181.
924:, pp. 168, 178–187.
689:Bruce, J. W. G. (1985).
641:6th legislative district
416:The Star-Spangled Banner
260:Weihsien Internment Camp
87:Religious affiliation(s)
1936:US Presbyterian Mission
1501:Korean School in Yantai
1169:Miller, Sheila (1981).
832:Michell, David (1988).
2219:The Chinese Repository
1969:University of Shanghai
1921:Church Mission Society
1828:Issachar Jacox Roberts
1610:Protestantism in China
1132:Tyrer, Nicola (2012).
807:"Chefoo School Papers"
722:Kuling American School
584:Alfred James Broomhall
462:Kuling American School
402:the forerunner of the
385:Protestant theologian
304:
165:
158:
151:
144:
136:
129:
1999:St. John's University
1984:University of Nanking
1748:Elizabeth G. K. Hewat
1632:Christianity in China
499:(1954–1961), and the
302:
238:province in northern
164:
157:
150:
142:
135:
128:
2309:Education in Jiangxi
1916:China Inland Mission
1858:John Leighton Stuart
1848:Vincent John Stanton
1818:Karl Ludvig Reichelt
1788:Robert Samuel Maclay
1258:Rhonda Anne Semple,
1071:, pp. 172, 179.
616:, American publisher
414:band began playing "
282:China Inland Mission
224:China Inland Mission
91:Protestant Christian
2289:History of Shandong
2024:Huachung University
2004:Hangchow University
1994:Yenching University
1883:(more missionaries)
1853:John and Betty Stam
1763:Carl C. Jeremiassen
1743:Laura Askew Haygood
1698:William Jones Boone
1663:David Howard Adeney
1159:, pp. 148–150.
1083:, pp. 206–213.
984:, pp. 167–170.
665:J. Dudley Woodberry
590:Norman Howard Cliff
443:After the war, the
228:James Hudson Taylor
204:Chih-fu Hsüeh-hsiao
173:traditional Chinese
81:Nihil Absque Labore
2119:Foochow Roman Type
2109:Chinese Roman Type
2094:Manchurian revival
2014:Lingnan University
1989:Soochow University
1974:Cheeloo University
1319:Weihsien Paintings
1196:, pp. 48, 70.
1101:on August 10, 2007
865:Weihsien Paintings
695:Weihsien Paintings
643:from 1998 to 2006.
305:
273:Origin and history
181:simplified Chinese
166:
159:
152:
145:
137:
130:
2256:
2255:
2202:People's Republic
2192:Chinese Civil War
2147:Taiping Rebellion
2114:Minnan Roman Type
1758:Robert A. Jaffray
1668:Mary Ann Aldersey
1627:Missions timeline
1564:
1563:
1533:Yantai University
1523:Ludong University
1466:Development zones
1134:Stolen Childhoods
1122:, pp. 74–76.
1047:, p. 29, 53.
1032:Shantung Compound
1020:, pp. 60–64.
996:, pp. 56–59.
960:, pp. 18–19.
639:representing the
606:Battle of Britain
509:Cameron Highlands
207:), also known as
169:The Chefoo School
123:
122:
100:in 1881 in Yantai
2316:
2177:Kucheng Massacre
2172:Tianjin Massacre
2157:Second Opium War
2124:Anti-footbinding
1878:William C. White
1753:Jennie V. Hughes
1728:Frederick Graves
1723:Jonathan Goforth
1678:Thomas J. Arnold
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972:, pp. 1–12.
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637:General Assembly
632:, served in the
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466:Kuling, Jiujiang
456:(1944–1946) and
366:African-American
264:Kuling, Jiujiang
205:
195:
186:
178:
110:Kuling, Jiujiang
48:Kuling, Jiujiang
31:
19:
18:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2206:
2187:1911 Revolution
2152:First Opium War
2139:
2133:
2104:Chinese hymnody
2072:
2046:Hwa Nan College
1979:Ginling College
1956:
1950:
1893:
1887:
1873:Thomas Torrance
1838:Cambridge Seven
1823:Timothy Richard
1798:Robert Morrison
1713:Thomas Cochrane
1651:
1622:Chinese history
1598:
1595:
1565:
1560:
1544:
1537:
1511:
1489:
1482:
1461:
1445:
1403:
1397:
1366:
1359:
1354:
1304:
1293:Gaynor, Hazel,
1248:
1246:Further reading
1243:
1242:
1232:
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1221:
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1204:
1200:
1192:
1188:
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1167:
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1091:
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976:
968:
964:
956:
952:
944:
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932:
928:
920:
916:
908:
904:
900:, pp. 3–4.
896:
892:
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870:
868:
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830:
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687:
683:
678:
659:Thornton Wilder
577:
570:
561:
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543:
534:
525:
441:
428:
395:
357:
335:
322:
275:
252:Boxer Rebellion
220:boarding school
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2322:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
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2254:
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2250:
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2208:
2207:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2162:Unequal treaty
2159:
2154:
2149:
2143:
2141:
2135:
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2126:
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2016:
2011:
2006:
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1991:
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1958:
1952:
1951:
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1938:
1933:
1928:
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1795:
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1780:
1775:
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1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1738:Francis Hanson
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1718:Hunter Corbett
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
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1683:Gladys Aylward
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1302:External links
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888:, p. 181.
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575:Notable alumni
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491:(1952–2001),
440:
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412:Salvation Army
394:
391:
387:Langdon Gilkey
362:Roman Catholic
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2167:Yangzhou riot
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1733:Karl Gützlaff
1731:
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1703:Pearl S. Buck
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1520:
1518:
1514:
1507:
1506:Chefoo School
1504:
1502:
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1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
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1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:-level cities
1400:
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1143:9780297858782
1139:
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1077:
1070:
1065:
1058:
1053:
1046:
1041:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1014:
1008:, p. 17.
1007:
1002:
995:
990:
983:
978:
971:
966:
959:
954:
947:
942:
935:
930:
923:
918:
912:, p. 95.
911:
906:
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894:
887:
882:
866:
862:
861:
853:
845:
839:
835:
828:
812:
808:
802:
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784:
780:
773:
757:
755:9781843830139
751:
747:
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696:
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685:
681:
669:
666:
663:
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651:
648:
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638:
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631:
630:Hungry Ghosts
627:
624:
621:
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615:
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588:
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582:
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554:
550:
545:
541:
536:
532:
527:
526:
520:
516:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
495:(1952–1954),
494:
490:
486:
481:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
446:
436:
434:
426:Student views
423:
419:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
390:
388:
383:
381:
376:
370:
367:
363:
352:
348:
344:
341:
330:
326:
317:
313:
311:
301:
297:
295:
289:
287:
283:
279:
278:Hudson Taylor
270:
267:
265:
261:
257:
253:
247:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
218:
214:
210:
206:
200:
196:
194:Zhīfú Xuéxiào
190:
182:
174:
170:
163:
156:
149:
141:
134:
127:
118:
114:
111:
107:
103:
99:
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71:
68:
65:
62:
58:
53:
49:
45:
39:
34:
30:
25:
20:
2245:
2238:
2231:
2224:
2217:
2211:Publications
2182:Boxer Crisis
1964:United Board
1957:universities
1955:Colleges and
1843:George Smith
1803:George Moule
1783:Eric Liddell
1688:Joseph Beech
1673:Roland Allen
1516:Universities
1505:
1365:Subdivisions
1323:
1294:
1275:
1265:
1259:
1252:
1231:. Retrieved
1227:
1201:
1189:
1170:
1164:
1157:Michell 1988
1152:
1133:
1127:
1115:
1103:. Retrieved
1099:the original
1088:
1076:
1064:
1052:
1040:
1031:
1025:
1018:Michell 1988
1013:
1001:
994:Michell 1988
989:
982:Michell 1988
977:
965:
953:
948:, p. 5.
941:
929:
917:
905:
893:
881:
869:. Retrieved
864:
859:
852:
833:
827:
815:. Retrieved
811:Archives Hub
810:
786:. Retrieved
783:Academia.org
782:
772:
759:. Retrieved
744:
737:
725:. Retrieved
721:
716:Grant, Ian.
711:
699:. Retrieved
694:
684:
655:, Sinologist
629:
628:, author of
626:Mary Previte
620:Frank Newman
517:
482:
470:hill station
442:
433:Mary Previte
429:
420:
396:
384:
375:Mary Previte
371:
358:
349:
345:
340:Pearl Harbor
336:
333:World War II
327:
323:
314:
306:
290:
280:founded the
276:
268:
256:World War II
248:
244:missionaries
230:—at Chefoo (
212:
208:
202:
192:
168:
167:
80:
76:
1813:David Paton
1793:Lottie Moon
1778:James Legge
1773:Walter Judd
1708:John Burdon
1081:Gilkey 1966
1069:Gilkey 1966
934:Semple 2003
922:Semple 2003
886:Semple 2003
834:A Boy's War
697:. p. 1
501:Philippines
108:in 1951 in
97:Established
55:Information
2263:Categories
2129:Anti-opium
1892:Missionary
1808:Gideon Nye
1693:John Birch
1637:Nestorians
1603:Background
1251:G Martin,
1194:Spink 2000
1180:0853631409
1120:Spink 2000
1057:Spink 2000
1045:Spink 2000
1006:Bruce 1985
970:Bruce 1985
958:Spink 2000
946:Bruce 1985
910:Spink 2000
898:Spink 2000
843:9971972719
676:References
647:Ida Pruitt
634:New Jersey
614:Henry Luce
439:After WWII
199:Wade–Giles
1549:Transport
1488:Education
1371:Districts
1233:9 October
871:6 October
817:6 October
788:6 October
761:6 October
727:9 October
701:6 October
505:Brinchang
478:Hong Kong
450:Kalimpong
445:Communist
217:Christian
116:Athletics
1894:agencies
1508:(closed)
1457:Changdao
1450:Counties
1441:Zhaoyuan
592:, author
493:Thailand
489:Malaysia
458:Shanghai
355:Weihsien
236:Shandong
215:, was a
67:Boarding
36:Location
2138:Pivotal
1642:Jesuits
1494:Schools
1431:Penglai
1426:Longkou
1421:Laizhou
1416:Laiyang
1411:Haiyang
1383:Laishan
1105:8 March
671:Hatton.
507:at the
294:Guiyang
226:—under
64:Private
2140:events
2077:Impact
1656:People
1402:County
1388:Muping
1378:Fushan
1357:Yantai
1177:
1140:
840:
752:
497:Taiwan
485:Malaya
474:Kuling
393:Rescue
310:soccer
286:Yantai
234:), in
232:Yantai
201::
191::
189:pinyin
183::
175::
105:Closed
44:Yantai
1543:Other
1436:Qixia
1393:Zhifu
1206:Grant
454:India
240:China
73:Motto
42:from
1235:2021
1175:ISBN
1138:ISBN
1107:2009
873:2021
838:ISBN
819:2021
790:2021
763:2021
750:ISBN
729:2021
703:2021
468:, a
408:B-24
185:芝罘学校
177:芝罘學校
79:and
60:Type
1270:OMF
464:in
404:CIA
211:or
46:to
2265::
1226:.
1213:^
863:.
809:.
798:^
781:.
720:.
693:.
452:,
197:;
187:;
179:;
1590:e
1583:t
1576:v
1349:e
1342:t
1335:v
1290:"
1237:.
1208:.
1183:.
1146:.
1109:.
875:.
846:.
821:.
792:.
765:.
731:.
705:.
610:.
487:/
171:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
