102:
134:
767:
33:
579:, runs to seventy-one items; but some are named twice, because they have two titles, and some are only small treatises. The veneration bestowed upon him by his contemporaries was that given to a saint. He reports in his diary that when he learned in Tunis of the death of his first wife, he kept it secret, because the people would have forced him to marry at once. Legends printed in the appendix to his diary, and others found in
1242:
830:, the hostility of the English government officials towards anyone entering the country from France or Spain, as well as those aforementioned countries' wrath against someone crossing back over from their hated enemy, England, and the daily danger of running into various anti-semitic locals and nobles throughout mainland
641:(Assembly of the Wise), containing the titles of works. This treatise has established for Azulai a lasting place in Jewish literature. It contains data that might otherwise have been lost, and it proves the author to have had a critical mind. By sound scientific methods he investigated the question of the genuineness of
846:
Azulai authored a detailed travelogue recounting his two journeys to Europe. The travelogue documents Azulai's encounters with various communities, rare books and manuscripts, and the challenges of overseas travel, including storms, pirates, custom officials, and occasional hostility from non-Jewish
805:
The Hida, like many emissaries, was a qualified and highly regarded personality who was chosen to represent his community. A shadar often had to be able to arbitrate matters of Jewish law for the local Jewish communities
Ideally, emissaries were multi-lingual so that they could communicate with both
814:
along the way. Emissaries had to be willing to undertake dangerous journeys mission that would separate them away from their families for so long. One in ten emissaries sent abroad for these fundraising missions never made it back alive. Emissaries would often divorce their wives before leaving, so
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that if they died along the way and their deaths could not be verified, their wives would be able to legally remarry. If they returned safely from their journey, they would remarry their wives, who would sometimes wait as long as five years for their husbands to return from their mission.
458:, his second wife, Rachel; his first wife, also Rachel, had died in 1773. Noting this event in his diary, he adds the wish that he may be permitted to return to the Land of Israel. This wish seems not to have been realized. In any event, he remained in Leghorn (
1017:
Shem HaGedolim, Livorno 1774, p. 11b. (Available on
Hebrewbooks.com.) In this passage, Haim Yosef David gives the following genealogy: Abraham Azulai → Isaac Azualai → Isaiah Azulai → Isaac Zerahiah Azulai → Haim Yosef David
462:), occupied with the publication of his works, and died there twenty-eight years later in 1806 (Friday night, 11 Adar 5566, Shabbat Zachor). He had been married twice; he had two sons by the names of Abraham and
874:. He also climbed the Campanile in Venice for a panoramic view of the city and explored destinations like the new promenade in Nizza, an ancient temple in southern France, and the natural science museum in
545:, and literary history. A voracious reader, he noted all historical references; and on his travels he visited the famous libraries of Italy and France, where he examined the Hebrew manuscripts.
377:
extensively, making an impression in every Jewish community that he visited. According to some records, he left the Land of Israel three times (1755, 1770, and 1781), living in
502:
While being a strict
Talmudist, and a believer in the Kabbalah, his studious habits and exceptional memory awakened in him an interest in the history of rabbinical literature.
591:, pp. 7–16, Podgorica, 1899), prove the great respect in which he was held. Many of his works are still extant and studied today. His scope was exceptionally wide, from
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420:, and Italy. He seems to have remained in the latter country until 1777, most probably occupied with the printing of the first part of his biographical dictionary,
307:, where he received his education from some local prominent scholars. He was the scion of a prominent rabbinic family, the great-great-grandson of
509:
authors had tried to solve questions that were based on chronological errors. This compilation, which he completed at age 16, he called העלם דבר (
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Moreover, the Hida records numerous instances of miraculous survival and dangerous threats of his day, among them, close scrapes with the
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1314:
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1100:
553:
Azulai was a prolific writer. His works range from a prayerbook he edited and arranged ('Tefillat
Yesharim') to a vast spectrum of
1180:
255:, provide a comprehensive first hand account of Jewish life and historical events throughout the Europe and Near East of his day.
1359:
1364:
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titled 'Birkei Yosef' which appears in most editions. While living and traveling in Italy, he printed many works, mainly in
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1268:
1334:
1329:
1354:
522:, (emissary), an honor bestowed on such men only as were, by their learning, well fitted to represent the Holy Land in
947:
802:. The Hida collected money on behalf of the Jewish communities in Israel who suffered from poverty and persecution.
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221:
620:
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An experience Hida described in his Shem HaGeDoLim as "I was fortunate as a young man to spend time with" ...
405:
217:
209:
201:, and a pioneer in the publication of Jewish religious writings. He is considered "one of the most prominent
940:
529:
Azulai's literary activity is of an astonishing breadth. It encompasses every area of rabbinic literature:
478:
began work on a plan to reinter Hida in Israel. This included getting the approval and cooperation of the
854:
In his travelogue, Azulai also shows an interest in tourist attractions, visiting landmarks such as the
686:). Azulai often records where he has seen in person which versions of certain manuscripts were extant.
576:
315:. The Yosef part of his name came from his mother's father, Rabbi Yosef Bialer, a German scholar.
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1255:
1204:
526:, where the people looked upon a rabbi from the land of Israel as a model of learning and piety.
505:
He accordingly began at an early age a compilation of passages in rabbinical literature in which
408:, who on the basis of prior written communication confirmed Hida's identity. In 1764 he was in
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His historical notes were published in four booklets, comprising two sections, under the titles
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667:
323:
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inkeepers. Likely intended for personal use, the travelogue was first printed in the 1930s by
694:
A complete bibliographical list of his works is found in the preface to
Benjacob's edition of
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1230:
The Chida: Rabbi Chaim Yosef David Azulai: His life and the turbulent times in which he lived
982:
The Chida: Rabbi Chaim Yosef David Azulai: His life and the turbulent times in which he lived
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463:
119:
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1304:
867:
1157:
8:
1299:
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712:
647:
444:
1104:
1004:
Lehmann, M. B. (2007). " Levantinos" and Other Jews: Reading HYD Azulai's Travel Diary.
655:). However, he does assert that Rashi indeed is the author of the "Rashi" commentary on
1284:
252:
133:
77:
674:'s well, and that this fact enabled him to receive, in less than two years, the whole
248:, a major center of Sephardic Jewish life. He remained there until his death in 1806.
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In 1755, he was—on the basis of his scholarship—elected to become an emissary (
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A Legend of
Greatness - The Life & Time of Hacham Haim Yosef David Azoulay
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over the grave. On
Tuesday, 20 Iyar 5720 (17 May 1960), 154 years after his
729:
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32:
1127:"Story about the Chida's burial facilitated by Rav Mordechai Eliyahu zt"l"
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twice on five-year-long fundraising missions that took him as far west as
679:
339:
198:
1245: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1218:. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 176.
1203:
394:
355:
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Azulai's scholarship made him so famous that in 1755 he was chosen as
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The Hida's intact and published travel diaries, similarly to those of
1101:"You shall carry up my bones from here (Parashat Beshalah 5760/2000)"
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In 1956, the 150th anniversary of Hida's death, Israel's Chief Rabbi
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uprising against the Turks, the danger of boarding and worse by the
244:. Following his travels, Azulai settled in the Italian port city of
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637:(The Name of the Great Ones), containing the names of authors, and
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443:. Wherever he went, he would examine collections of manuscripts of
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494:, Hida's final written wish, to return to Israel, "came true."
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Jewish community, acquiring a special 600 square meter plot on
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Azulai embarked on two extensive fundraising missions for the
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heritage, he appears to have been particularly fond of the
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295:, 21:7), a biblical restriction on whom a Kohen may marry.
232:. A second trip, between 1772–1778, saw him travel through
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216:. His first journey, spanning 1753–1757, crossed
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1285:Short biography of Rabbi Haim Yosef David Azulai
651:or to some Talmudic treatise (see "Rashi," in
948:
424:, (Livorno, 1774), and with his notes on the
1205:"Hebrew Literature s.v. Ḥayyīm Azulai"
851:based on the original autograph manuscript.
782:), or emissary, for the Jewish community of
619:(a group of Medieval German rabbis, notably
167:Haim Yosef David Azulai ben Yitzhak Zerachia
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1041:
342:. At an early age he showed proficiency in
258:Some have speculated that his family name,
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1024:
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31:
1075:Rabbi Pinches Friedman (12 August 2011).
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698:, Vilna, 1852, and frequently reprinted;
557:literature including a commentary on the
381:in the meantime. His travels took him to
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435:, (Livorno, 1774–76). In 1777 he was in
369:) for the small Jewish community in the
1147:
1049:"This Day in History – 11 Adar/March 2"
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1325:Sephardi rabbis from Ottoman Palestine
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666:Nevertheless, he firmly believed that
1089:'Codex Judaica', Mattis Kantor, p.259
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663:, contrary to some others' opinions.
575:. The list of his works, compiled by
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1340:Bibliographers of Hebrew literature
447:, which he later documented in his
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13:
1178:
454:On 28 October 1778 he married, in
14:
1376:
1278:
1254:; et al., eds. (1901–1906).
1181:"Rabbi Chaim Joseph David Azulai"
987:
626:
262:, is an acronym based on being a
1315:18th-century rabbis in Jerusalem
1264:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
1240:
156:Har HaMenuchot, Jerusalem (1960)
132:
100:
1222:
1195:
1141:
822:Navy during its support of the
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1360:Authors of books on Jewish law
1202:Cowley, Arthur Ernest (1911).
1148:Azoulay, Yehuda (April 2010).
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1:
1032:"The human side of the Chida"
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389:, and—according to legend—to
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205:rabbis of the 18th century".
1365:Shelichei derabonan (rabbis)
1269:Biography of Rabbi Azulai -
774:The Hida served the role of
709:Frankfort-on-the-Main, 1843;
607:to his main historical work
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7:
1320:19th-century Italian rabbis
1183:. Kehot Publication Society
318:His main teachers were the
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1335:19th-century Sephardi Jews
1330:18th-century Sephardi Jews
1156:. Brooklyn. Archived from
1355:Burials at Har HaMenuchot
1150:"From Italy to Jerusalem"
734:Shem HaGedolim HeChadash,
513:); it was never printed.
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181:(also spelled Chida, the
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682:(see "Ḥayyim Vital," in
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1215:Encyclopædia Britannica
585:Shem HaGedolim HeḤadash
169:(1724 – 1 March 1806) (
25:Haim Yosef David Azulai
1345:Jewish Israeli writers
842:Travelogue: Ma'gal Tov
771:
770:Mausoleum in Jerusalem
751:Heimann Joseph Michael
724:Hama'alot li-Shelomoh,
486:, and constructing an
324:Isaac HaKohen Rapoport
1232:. Targum Press, 1998.
1006:Jewish Social Studies
984:. Targum Press, 1998.
856:Leaning Tower of Pisa
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670:had drunk water from
498:His early scholarship
464:Raphael Isaiah Azulai
120:Raphael Isaiah Azulai
868:Palace of Versailles
794:and as far north as
705:, in the edition of
175:חיים יוסף דוד אזולאי
445:rabbinic literature
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303:Azulai was born in
1160:on 2 February 2017
1154:Community Magazine
1055:on 2 February 2017
780:shaliach derabanan
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762:His role as Shadar
470:Reburial in Israel
400:In 1755 he was in
253:Benjamin of Tudela
195:rabbinical scholar
16:Rabbinical scholar
1273:by Yehuda Azoulay
1228:Paretzky, Zev T.
1099:Dr. Aaron Arend.
1077:"Shvilei Pinches"
980:Paretzky, Zev T.
965:
964:
745:Elijah Benamozegh
726:Alexandria, 1894;
678:from the lips of
645:'s commentary to
639:Va'ad la-Ḥakhamim
617:Chasidei Ashkenaz
439:, and in 1778 in
406:the Pnei Yehoshua
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70:(aged 81–82)
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1256:"Azulai, Azulay"
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1107:on 11 March 2016
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1185:. Retrieved
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1158:the original
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1131:. Retrieved
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1109:. Retrieved
1105:the original
1094:
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1057:. Retrieved
1053:the original
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1005:
981:
976:
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845:
834:(especially
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741:Ma'agal Tob,
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719:p. 342;
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571:but also in
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541:, Kabbalah,
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473:
453:
448:
432:
425:
421:
399:
387:North Africa
366:
364:
335:
317:
302:
290:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
257:
250:
222:German lands
207:
178:
166:
165:
68:(1806-03-01)
66:1 March 1806
18:
1310:1806 deaths
1305:1724 births
1187:12 February
1133:24 December
680:Isaac Luria
433:Birke Yosef
340:Jonah Nabon
224:, reaching
199:bibliophile
95:Nationality
1300:Kabbalists
1294:Categories
1164:24 January
1111:26 January
1059:30 January
968:References
870:, and the
786:. He left
743:edited by
739:The diary
668:Haim Vital
648:Chronicles
535:homiletics
395:Vilna Gaon
356:chiddushim
336:Ohr HaHaim
197:, a noted
929:Acharonim
876:Amsterdam
800:Amsterdam
549:His works
543:liturgics
539:casuistry
519:meshulach
507:dialectic
431:entitled
391:Lithuania
305:Jerusalem
299:Biography
292:Leviticus
289: (
236:, Italy,
191:Jerusalem
129:Signature
110:Palestine
52:Jerusalem
924:Rishonim
912:Savoraim
864:Florence
757:No. 868.
676:Kabbalah
613:Sephardi
555:Halachic
531:exegesis
367:shaliach
348:Kabbalah
309:Moroccan
203:Sephardi
145:Position
116:Children
85:Religion
40:Personal
1249::
1212:(ed.).
1018:Azulai.
907:Amoraim
902:Tannaim
836:Germany
824:Ali Bey
820:Russian
812:Gentile
792:Tunisia
722:Hazan,
661:Ketuvim
604:Midrash
594:halakha
565:Livorno
480:Leghorn
460:Livorno
441:Holland
418:Morocco
414:Tunisia
402:Germany
322:rabbis
246:Livorno
242:Holland
234:Tunisia
183:acronym
89:Judaism
78:Etruria
74:Livorno
919:Geonim
892:Chazal
866:, the
858:, the
832:Europe
788:Israel
784:Hebron
776:shadar
672:Miriam
657:Neviim
601:) and
573:Mantua
524:Europe
492:Petira
437:France
379:Hebron
375:Europe
350:, and
344:Talmud
330:, and
311:Rabbi
260:Azulai
240:, and
238:France
230:London
214:Hebron
171:Hebrew
153:Buried
105:
1208:. In
897:Zugot
736:1879;
713:Fuenn
643:Rashi
410:Egypt
334:(the
279:חללה
264:Kohen
218:Italy
193:born
187:חיד"א
1189:2017
1166:2017
1135:2015
1113:2017
1061:2017
810:and
798:and
659:and
569:Pisa
567:and
488:ohel
456:Pisa
228:and
220:and
179:Hida
63:Died
48:1724
45:Born
1008:, 2
878:.
862:of
838:).
808:Jew
623:).
583:'s
362:."
358:on
287:קחו
275:נה
271:שה
212:in
1296::
1258:.
1152:.
1040:^
1023:^
989:^
753:,
732:,
715:,
537:,
533:,
466:.
451:.
416:,
397:.
385:,
346:,
326:,
283:א
266::
173::
148:hv
76:,
54:,
1191:.
1168:.
1137:.
1115:.
1079:.
1063:.
956:e
949:t
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597:(
429:,
285:י
281:ל
277:ו
273:ז
269:א
122:,
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