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191:. A review in 2003 came to the conclusion that pelvimetry does not change the management of pregnant women, and recommended that all women should be allowed a trial of labor regardless of pelvimetry results. It considered routine performance of pelvimetry to be a waste of time, a potential liability, and an unnecessary discomfort.
66:. This may be due to a small pelvis, a nongynecoid pelvic formation, a large fetus, an unfavorable orientation of the fetus, or a combination of these factors. Certain medical conditions may distort pelvic bones, such as
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172:, but not all cases of prolonged labour are the result of CPD. Use of ultrasound to measure the size of the fetus in the womb is controversial, as these methods are often inaccurate and may lead to unnecessary
238:
Liselele HB, Boulvain M, Tshibangu KC, Meuris S (August 2000). "Maternal height and external pelvimetry to predict cephalopelvic disproportion in nulliparous
African women: a cohort study".
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The shape of the pelvis can also be a cause of CPD. The pelvis may be too small, or the shape of the pelvis may be malformed. Shorter women are more likely to have CPD as are adolescents.
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Diagnosis of CPD usually occurs during labor, often requiring medical interventions such as a cesarean section (C-section) to ensure the safety of both mother and baby.
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17:
301:
McKenry, Patrick C.; Walters, Lynda Henley; Johnson, Carolyn (1979-01-01). "Adolescent
Pregnancy: A Review of the Literature".
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may identify cephalo-pelvic disproportion. However, a woman's pelvis loosens up before birth (with the help of hormones). A
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in 2017 found that there was too little evidence to show whether pelvimetry is beneficial and safe when the baby is in
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6. High
Station: The baby’s head remains high in the pelvis and doesn’t descend despite strong contractions.
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1. Prolonged Labor: Labor that doesn’t progress as expected, particularly during the active phase.
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338:"Pelvimetry for fetal cephalic presentations at or near term for deciding on mode of delivery"
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176:; a trial of labour is often recommended even if size of the fetus is estimated to be large.
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2. Failure to
Progress: Lack of dilation or descent of the baby despite strong contractions.
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4. Fetal
Distress: Signs like abnormal heart rate patterns detected via fetal monitoring.
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390:"A retrospective review of performance and utility of routine clinical pelvimetry"
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for earlier delivery. Diagnosis of CPD in active labour will usually result in a
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5. Maternal
Exhaustion: Extreme fatigue in the mother due to prolonged labor.
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3. Severe Pain: Intense pain that is disproportionate to normal labor pain.
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Transverse diagonal measurement has been proposed as a predictive method.
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A large fetus can be one cause of CPD. A large fetus can be caused by
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In the case of a fetus being too large, some obstetricians recommend
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Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP)
335:
277:"Cephalopelvic Disproportion (CPD): Causes and Diagnosis"
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420:
336:Pattinson R, Cuthbert A, Vannevel V (2017-03-30).
1112:Childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder
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168:Diagnosis of CPD may be made when there is
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519:
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342:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
14:
1290:
750:Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
717:Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
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80:
1298:Complications of labour and delivery
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816:Pregnancy-induced hypercoagulability
271:
269:
84:
24:
765:Pruritic folliculitis of pregnancy
252:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb10394.x
25:
1314:
1023:Pain management during childbirth
950:Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome
416:
266:
52:Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD)
1235:
1209:
1208:
1195:Sexual activity during pregnancy
88:
54:exists when the capacity of the
388:Blackadar CS, Viera AJ (2004).
697:Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
354:10.1002/14651858.CD000161.pub2
329:
294:
281:American Pregnancy Association
13:
1:
899:Prelabor rupture of membranes
221:
1251:. You can help Knowledge by
1243:This article related to the
1178:Systemic lupus erythematosus
829:Maternal care related to the
811:Gestational thrombocytopenia
194:
163:
18:Cephalo-pelvic disproportion
7:
979:Cephalopelvic disproportion
209:
58:is inadequate to allow the
33:Cephalopelvic disproportion
10:
1319:
1303:Genitourinary system stubs
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1090:Breastfeeding difficulties
889:Constriction ring syndrome
863:Braxton Hicks contractions
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1127:Peripartum cardiomyopathy
1117:Pubic symphysis diastasis
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653:Gestational hypertension
1052:Umbilical cord prolapse
974:Amniotic fluid embolism
732:dermatoses of pregnancy
153:, genetic factors, and
1168:Concomitant conditions
1147:Postpartum thyroiditis
925:Circumvallate placenta
745:Impetigo herpetiformis
740:Gestational pemphigoid
712:Hyperemesis gravidarum
645:hypertensive disorders
303:The Family Coordinator
97:This section is empty.
1137:Postpartum infections
1132:Postpartum depression
189:cephalic presentation
1245:genitourinary system
1142:Postpartum psychosis
1011:Obstetrical bleeding
906:Obstetrical bleeding
727:Integumentary system
702:Gestational diabetes
681:related to pregnancy
679:Other, predominantly
147:gestational diabetes
1122:Postpartum bleeding
945:Placental abruption
930:Monochorionic twins
760:Prurigo gestationis
201:induction of labour
170:failure to progress
74:, and lead to CPD.
1152:Puerperal mastitis
1107:Breast engorgement
894:Monoamniotic twins
884:Chorionic hematoma
205:Caesarian section.
151:postterm pregnancy
81:Signs and symptoms
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1259:
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1183:Thyroid disorders
1173:Diabetes mellitus
1057:Uterine inversion
989:Shoulder dystocia
984:Obstructed labour
960:
959:
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793:Chorea gravidarum
569:Ectopic pregnancy
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174:caesarian section
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62:to negotiate the
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27:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
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1212:
1211:
1047:Postmature birth
1035:Placenta accreta
940:Placenta praevia
935:Placenta accreta
879:Chorioamnionitis
689:Digestive system
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611:Fetal resorption
599:Rudimentary horn
556:abortive outcome
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348:(12): CD000161.
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99:You can help by
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1100:Cracked nipples
1095:Low milk supply
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1062:Uterine rupture
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851:Oligohydramnios
836:amniotic cavity
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616:Molar pregnancy
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283:. 26 April 2012
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185:Cochrane review
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663:HELLP syndrome
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554:Pregnancy with
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425:Classification
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417:External links
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775:Stretch marks
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527:Pathology of
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246:(8): 947–52.
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108:February 2023
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1253:expanding it
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1067:Vasa praevia
1027:
1001:Locked twins
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589:Interstitial
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400:(7): 505–7.
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309:(1): 17–28.
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285:. Retrieved
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105:
101:adding to it
96:
76:
70:or a pelvic
51:
50:
1006:Nuchal cord
755:Linea nigra
707:Hepatitis E
640:proteinuria
621:Miscarriage
606:Embryo loss
584:Heterotopic
155:multiparity
64:birth canal
1292:Categories
1016:Postpartum
911:Antepartum
626:Stillbirth
537:puerperium
535:, and the
533:childbirth
480:DiseasesDB
287:2016-03-22
222:References
181:pelvimetry
44:Obstetrics
1082:Puerperal
670:Eclampsia
574:Abdominal
545:Pregnancy
529:pregnancy
195:Treatment
164:Diagnosis
39:Specialty
1216:Category
1029:placenta
919:placenta
579:Cervical
564:Abortion
406:15243832
372:28358979
260:10955423
210:See also
72:fracture
869:chorion
594:Ovarian
474:D052178
394:Fam Med
363:6464150
68:rickets
873:amnion
404:
370:
360:
323:583263
321:
258:
141:Causes
56:pelvis
1247:is a
1161:Other
966:Labor
832:fetus
803:Blood
642:, and
636:Edema
463:653.4
448:O33.9
319:JSTOR
60:fetus
1249:stub
834:and
485:2203
469:MeSH
458:9-CM
402:PMID
368:PMID
256:PMID
240:BJOG
454:ICD
439:ICD
358:PMC
350:doi
311:doi
248:doi
244:107
103:.
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871:/
638:,
531:,
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380:^
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456:-
441:-
431:D
408:.
374:.
352::
346:3
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106:(
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