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250:. There are at least 6,000 cenotes in the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico. Cenote water is often very clear, as the water comes from rain water filtering slowly through the ground, and therefore contains very little suspended particulate matter. The groundwater flow rate within a cenote may be very slow. In many cases, cenotes are areas where sections of the cave roof have collapsed revealing an underlying cave system, and the water flow rates may be much faster: up to 10 kilometers (6 mi) per day.
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The classification scheme was based on morphometric observations above the water table, and therefore incompletely reflects the processes by which the cenotes formed and the inherent hydrogeochemical relationship with the underlying flooded cave networks, which were only discovered in the 1980s and
676:
Contrary to cenote cavern diving, cenote cave diving requires special equipment and training (certification for cave diving). However, both cavern and cave diving require detailed briefings, diving experience, and weight adjustment to freshwater buoyancy. The cenotes are usually filled with rather
663:
Cenotes have attracted cavern and cave divers, and there are organized efforts to explore and map these underwater systems. They are public or private and sometimes considered "National
Natural Parks". Great care should be taken to avoid spoiling this fragile ecosystem when diving. In Mexico, the
323:
in Mexico, the cenotes generally overlie vertical voids penetrating 50 to 100 m (160 to 330 ft) below the modern water table. However, very few of these cenotes appear to be connected with horizontally extensive underground river systems, with water flow through them being more likely
389:
of the host rock, distribution and connectivity of existing cave systems, and how effective these are at draining water to the coast, and the distance from the coast. In general, the halocline is deeper further from the coast, and in the Yucatán
Peninsula this depth is 10 to 20 m (33 to
374:(one that is land-locked but connected to an ocean). Where a cenote, or the flooded cave to which it is an opening, provides deep enough access into the aquifer, the interface between the fresh and saline water may be reached. The density interface between the fresh and saline waters is a
242:, the greatest number of cenotes are smaller sheltered sites and do not necessarily have any surface exposed water. Some cenotes are only found through small <1 m (3 ft) diameter holes created by tree roots, with human access through enlarged holes, such as the cenotes
171:
In Mexico the Yucatán
Peninsula alone has an estimated 10,000 cenotes, water-filled sinkholes naturally formed by the collapse of limestone, and located across the peninsula. Some of these cenotes are at risk from the construction of the new tourist
586:
The Yucatán
Peninsula has almost no rivers and only a few lakes, and those are often marshy. The widely distributed cenotes are the only perennial source of potable water and have long been the principal source of water in much of the region. Major
668:
maintains a list of the longest and deepest water-filled and dry caves within the state boundaries. When cavern diving, one must be able to see natural light the entire time that one is exploring the cavern (e.g., Kukulkan cenote near
285:, and the subsequent structural collapse. Rock that falls into the water below is slowly removed by further dissolution, creating space for more collapse blocks. Likely, the rate of collapse increases during periods when the
673:, Mexico). During a cave dive, one passes the point where daylight can penetrate, and one follows a safety guideline to exit the cave. Things change quite dramatically once moving from a cavern dive into a cave dive.
618:(1857–1935), an American diplomat who had bought the Chichen Itza site, began dredging the Sacred Cenote there in 1904. He discovered human skeletons and sacrificial objects confirming a local legend, the
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Cenotes may be fully collapsed, creating an open water pool, or partially collapsed with some portion of a rock overhanging above the water. The stereotypical cenotes often resemble small circular
635:
1895:
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Cenotes are surface connections to subterranean water bodies. While the best-known cenotes are large open-water pools measuring tens of meters in diameter, such as those at
1129:
Tim
Scoones (producer), Jeff Goodman (photography), Dominique Rissolo (scientific adviser), Tom Iliffe (sci adv), Patricia Beddows (sci adv), Jill Yager (sci adv) (2005).
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at the coast, and 50 to 100 m (160 to 330 ft) below the water table in the middle of the peninsula, with saline water underlying the whole of the peninsula.
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378:, which means a sharp change in salt concentration over a small change in depth. Mixing of the fresh and saline water results in a blurry swirling effect caused by
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has been extensively studied and none of the approximately 120 individuals show signs of sacrifice. The remains of this cultural heritage are protected by the
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1292:
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Although cenotes are found widely throughout much of the Yucatán
Peninsula, a higher-density circular alignment of cenotes overlies the measured rim of the
179:
Cenotes are common geological forms in low-altitude regions, particularly on islands (such as
Cefalonia, Greece), coastlines, and platforms with young post-
4124:
296:, measuring some tens of meters in diameter with sheer rock walls. Most cenotes, however, require some degree of stooping or crawling to access the water.
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483:. In the most secluded and darker cenotes, the fauna has evolved to resemble those of many cave-dwelling species. For example, many animals don't have
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is the largest cenote in Canada at a size of 1178 ft (359m) in diameter and 144 ft (44m) in depth. It is located near the village of
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In 2001–2002 expeditions led by Arturo H. González and Carmen Rojas
Sandoval in the Yucatán discovered three human skeletons; one of them,
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who have documented extensive flooded cave systems, some of which have been explored for lengths of 376 km (234 mi) or more.
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515:. This crater structure, identified from the alignment of cenotes, but also subsequently mapped using geophysical methods (including
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The depth of the halocline is a function of several factors: climate and specifically how much meteoric water recharges the aquifer,
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by the ritual casting of victims and objects into the cenote. However, not all cenotes were sites of human sacrifice. The cenote at
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Flora and fauna are generally scarcer than in the open ocean; however, marine animals do thrive in caves. In caverns, one can spot
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1795:
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3427:
2449:
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Munro, Paul; Maria de
Lourdes Melo Zurita (2011). "The Role of Cenotes in the Social History of Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula".
1244:
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Radar topography reveals the 180 km (110 mi) ring of the crater; clustered around the crater's trough are numerous
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Cenotes are formed by the dissolution of rock and the resulting subsurface void, which may or may not be linked to an active
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771:. Devil's Bath is continuously fed by an underground spring and is connected by underwater tunnel to the Benson River Cave.
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is below the ceiling of the void since the rock ceiling is no longer buoyantly supported by the water in the void.
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and are often blind, so they are equipped with long feelers to find food and make their way around in the dark.
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in some cenotes led to the archaeological exploration of most cenotes in the first part of the 20th century.
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187:, originally applying only to the features in Yucatán, has since been applied by researchers to similar
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in
Chichen Itza played an important role in Maya rites. The Maya believed that cenotes were portals to
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422:(Jug or pit cenotes) are those with a surface connection narrower than the diameter of the water body;
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is therefore associated with the mass extinction of the non-avian dinosaurs and is also known as the
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Pope, KO; Ocampo, AC; Kinsland, GL; Smith, R (1996). "Surface expression of the Chicxulub crater".
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settlements required access to adequate water supplies, and therefore cities, including the famous
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In contrast, the cenotes along the Caribbean coast of the Yucatán Peninsula (within the state of
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1545:. El Centro Investigador del Sistema Aquífero de Quintana Roo: 6. Winter 2011. Archived from
1076: – Links to Knowledge articles on sinkholes, blue holes, dolines, cenotes, and pit caves
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607:. The Maya often deposited human remains as well as ceremonial artifacts in these cenotes.
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519:) and also drilled into with core recovery, has been dated to the boundary between the
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In 1936, a simple morphometry-based classification system for cenotes was presented.
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dive team, Alex Alvarez, Franco Attolini, and Alberto Nava, explored a section of
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1372:"An asteroid breakup 160 Myr ago as the probable source of the K/T impactor"
1167:"A New Tourist Train in Mexico Will Destroy Indigenous Land and Livelihoods"
1046: – Marine cavern or sinkhole, open to the surface, in carbonate bedrock
652:
571:. At a depth of 57 m (187 ft) the divers located the remains of a
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1058: – Data repository for explored sites within the state of Quintana Roo
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Bottke, William F; Vokrouhlicky, David; Nesvorny, David (September 2007).
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2007:
1985:
1975:
1723:"Association for Mexican Cave Studies, Activities, Newsletter, Number 33"
1239:. New York, USA: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. pp. 794–796.
681:; this produces blurred vision until they reach a more homogeneous area.
391:
286:
282:
254:
143:
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1875:
1722:
1432:"Early Humans South of the Border. New finds from the Yucatán Peninsula"
1400:
446:(Cave cenotes) are those having a horizontal entrance with dry sections.
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2002:
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UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage
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in the depression left by the impact (Image courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech).
379:
7222:
1896:
Volcanic karstification of Sistema Zacaton, Mexico (Gary, Sharp, 2006)
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370:
intruding from the coastal margins. The whole aquifer is therefore an
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2139:
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1185:
Gaona-Vizcayno, S; Gordillo de Anda, T; M. Villasuso-Pino, M (1980).
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geologic periods, 66 million years ago. This meteorite impact at the
524:
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331:) often provide access to extensive underwater cave systems, such as
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2259:
2254:
2144:
2129:
2114:
2082:
1471:"Skull in Underwater Cave May Be Earliest Trace of First Americans"
1235:
Beddows, PA (2003). "Yucatan Phreas, Mexico". In Gunn, John (ed.).
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system, which is typically density-stratified. The infiltrating
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4214:
List of shipwrecks in the Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary
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1980:
1700:
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595:, were built around these natural wells. Many cenotes like the
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commonly used cenotes for water supplies, and occasionally for
2427:
1905:
1574:
Ancient Maya Use of Wetlands in Northern Quintanaa Roo, Mexico
1302:. UADY-FMVZ-Biología, Departamento de Ecología. Archived from
1205:"The Best Cenotes in Mexico: Ultimate Guide | Anna Everywhere"
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2014:
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to be 13,600 years old. In March 2008, three members of the
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between the different densities of fresh and saline waters.
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1936:
1349:
10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<0527:SEOTCC>2.3.CO;2
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27:
Natural pit or sinkhole that exposes groundwater underneath
1369:
579:(at 43 m ) that might be the oldest evidence of
430:(Cylinder cenotes) are those with strictly vertical walls;
2299:
1136:
1064: – Movement of saline water into freshwater aquifers
1040: – Underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock
677:
cool fresh water. Cenote divers must be wary of possible
476:
312:, Mexico, used as a source of water, painting of 1842 by
61:
1528:
438:(Basin cenotes) are those with shallow water basins; and
1506:"Oldest Skeleton in Americas Found in Underwater Cave?"
1326:
168:—to refer to any location with accessible groundwater.
451:
later with the initiation of cave diving exploration.
1187:
Cenotes, karst característico: Mecanismo de formacíon
101:
92:
67:
58:
4125:
Bullhead Point Historical and Archeological District
1468:
1429:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1005:
107:
73:
3282:
Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
1070: – Geologically-formed topological depression
158:. The name derives from a word used by the lowland
98:
64:
4190:Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area
3802:Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area
1835:
1275:Physical and chemical survey of cenotes of Yucatán
1464:
1462:
1460:
1221:
183:limestone with little soil development. The term
7549:
350:
324:dominated by aquifer matrix and fracture flows.
1637:
1571:Fedick, Scott L (1998). Kathryn Bernick (ed.).
1293:"Aspectos biologicos de los cenotes de Yucatan"
1290:
1164:
1101:Cenote Hubiku – Temozón, Mexico | Atlas Obscura
1052: – Topography from dissolved soluble rocks
538:
1901:Year 1999 Cenotes Conference in Perugia, Italy
1497:
1457:
355:The Yucatán Peninsula contains a vast coastal
3428:
2443:
1921:
1842:(6th, fully revised ed.). Stanford, CA:
1764:. Village of Port Alice. 2016. Archived from
1503:
210:
603:or the afterlife, and home to the rain god,
3442:
3257:Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining
1423:
7519:
4160:Maritime Heritage Trail – Battle of Saipan
3435:
3421:
3230:History of hard rock miners' organizations
2450:
2436:
1928:
1914:
1469:Fabio Esteban Amador (February 18, 2011).
1363:
1202:
1122:
363:(i.e., rainwater) floats on top of higher-
7240:
1160:
1158:
1105:
299:
122:
4114:
3215:American Society of Reclamation Sciences
3062:North American Aerospace Defense Command
1672:"Tratamientos mortuorios en los cenotes"
1320:
1179:
651:
648:Cave diving regions of the world, Mexico
494:
396:
303:
264:
260:
214:
36:
3455:
1625:Romey, Kristin (2005). "Watery Tombs".
1267:
1237:Encyclopaedia of Cave and Karst Science
1234:
253:The Yucatan cenotes attract cavern and
14:
7550:
1800:(in Spanish) (22nd ed.). Madrid:
1742:. Tourism Vancouver Island North. 2016
1689:
1570:
1564:
1155:
7418:
7335:
7239:
7041:
4257:
4209:Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary
4113:
3848:
3454:
3416:
2431:
1909:
1624:
1512:. National Geographic. Archived from
775:
711:, near Mount Gambier, South Australia
533:Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event
7508:
4258:
3642:John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park
1536:"Cave Archeology of Early Americans"
821:
610:The discovery of golden sacrificial
191:features in other places such as in
7377:National Diving and Activity Centre
7042:
4236:Whitefish Point Underwater Preserve
4180:Robben Island Marine Protected Area
3849:
3575:Dhilba Guuranda-Innes National Park
1891:Stages in the Formation of a Cenote
1504:Eliza Barclay (September 3, 2008).
1165:Soraya Kishwari (12 January 2023).
1115:in some secondary sources, such as
490:
24:
7492:Outline of recreational dive sites
7419:
7336:
4074:Molinere Underwater Sculpture Park
3630:iSimangaliso Marine Protected Area
3615:Guadalupe Island Biosphere Reserve
3503:Arrecifes de Cozumel National Park
3471:Aliwal Shoal Marine Protected Area
3155:Journey to the Center of the Earth
3057:Naples underground geothermal zone
1830:
1762:"Port Alice Caving And Bouldering"
1430:Floyd B. Largent Jr. (June 2005).
1291:Medina-González, Roger M. (1995).
1279:Carnegie Institution of Washington
1116:
684:
454:
319:In the north and northwest of the
25:
7604:
3812:Tsitsikamma Marine Protected Area
3272:Research Centre for Deep Drilling
3267:International Union of Speleology
1947:Glossary of caving and speleology
1869:
1797:Diccionario de la lengua española
1056:Quintana Roo Speleological Survey
666:Quintana Roo Speleological Survey
246:, Tankach-Ha, and Multum-Ha near
7528:
7524:Index of recreational dive sites
7518:
7514:Category:Recreational dive sites
7507:
7497:
7496:
7486:
7051:Cave diving regions of the world
1784:
1658:10.3197/096734011X13150366551616
1022:
1008:
916:
88:
54:
7487:
3262:Institution of Mining Engineers
3027:Underground Great Wall of China
2457:
2336:Nok and Mamproug Cave Dwellings
1935:
1754:
1732:
1715:
1664:
1618:
1284:
1203:Lysakowska, Anna (2016-05-30).
641:
553:Proyecto Espeleológico de Tulum
135:, resulting when a collapse of
30:For the EP by Giant Squid, see
7583:Natural history of Mesoamerica
7108:Cocklebiddy, Western Australia
4231:Western Rocks, Isles of Scilly
3277:Society of Economic Geologists
3245:National Speleological Society
3195:Wonderland (fictional country)
1697:"Underwater Cultural Heritage"
1281:Publication 457, pp 5–16.
1253:
1196:
1132:Secrets of the Maya Underworld
1094:
767:on the northwest coastline of
13:
1:
4165:Michigan Underwater Preserves
2702:Subterranean rivers of London
1082:
529:Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary
351:Freshwater/seawater interface
150:of Mexico, where the ancient
146:. The term originated on the
7392:Slickstones Quarry, Cromhall
4175:Porteau Cove Provincial Park
3727:Porteau Cove Provincial Park
3235:National Mine Map Repository
2677:Jewel Cave National Monument
2389:List of UK caving fatalities
1087:
689:
539:Archaeology and anthropology
7:
7578:Locations in Maya mythology
7113:Devil's Throat at Punta Sur
3975:Stingray City, Grand Cayman
3880:Devil's Throat at Punta Sur
3240:National Mining Association
3067:Raven Rock Mountain Complex
1001:
985:
908:El Zapote, the site of the
789:Ojos Indigenas (Punta Cana)
557:Global Underwater Explorers
503:, suggesting a prehistoric
10:
7609:
7593:Karst formations of Mexico
5181:General Hoyt S. Vandenberg
3742:Ras Muhammad National Park
3180:Tunnels in popular culture
3022:Underground City, Montreal
3017:Underground City (Beijing)
2962:816 Nuclear Military Plant
2692:Mammoth Cave National Park
806:
725:
645:
211:Definition and description
29:
7482:
7425:
7414:
7342:
7331:
7246:
7235:
7048:
7037:
6997:
6958:
6872:
6832:
6793:
6672:
6440:
6281:
6262:
6107:
6059:
6003:
5720:
5624:
5546:
5459:
5410:
5308:
5156:
5078:
4974:
4905:
4666:
4529:
4277:
4264:
4253:
4150:Shipwrecks of Isle Royale
4120:
4109:
4082:
4046:
4003:Gibraltar Artificial Reef
3988:
3855:
3844:
3461:
3450:
3290:
3207:
3132:
3111:
3104:
2987:Cheyenne Mountain Complex
2954:
2731:
2724:
2654:
2472:
2465:
2412:
2381:
2349:
2308:
2193:
2038:
1953:
1944:
1844:Stanford University Press
1834:; Loa P. Traxler (2006).
1300:www.seduma.yucatan.gob.mx
1135:(Television production).
816:
793:
750:
738:
41:Cenote at Hubiku, Yucatan
7536:Portal:Underwater diving
7188:Sistema Nohoch Nah Chich
4361:Agat World War II Amtrac
4054:Cancún Underwater Museum
3762:San Pedro Nolasco Island
3353:Underground construction
3225:Cave Research Foundation
2365:Cave of Forgotten Dreams
1881:Doline, Sinkhole, Cenote
1678:(in Spanish). 2016-11-01
1510:National Geographic News
912:bell-like rock formation
408:
341:Sistema Nohoch Nah Chich
7503:Underwater diving sites
4145:Edmonds Underwater Park
3625:Hol Chan Marine Reserve
3580:Edmonds Underwater Park
3444:Recreational dive sites
2839:Missile launch facility
2712:Wind Cave National Park
2358:Diving into the Unknown
1876:Cenotes of Chichén Itzá
1646:Environment and History
1261:"Long Underwater Caves"
1143:. Event occurs at 3:07
857:, Municipality of Tulum
616:Edward Herbert Thompson
163:
120:Latin American Spanish:
7460:Underwater archaeology
7352:Capernwray Dive Centre
7250:Blue Hole (New Mexico)
4699:Captain Keith Tibbetts
4241:Wreck Alley, San Diego
4170:Pearl and Hermes Atoll
3518:Biscayne National Park
2992:Chicago Tunnel Company
2631:Subterranean waterfall
2404:Tham Luang cave rescue
2399:Riesending cave rescue
1802:Editorial Espasa Calpe
1740:"Alice Lake Loop Tour"
1577:. Toronto: UBC Press.
781:Hoyo Azul (Punta Cana)
660:
508:
405:
401:Geological cutaway of
390:66 ft) below the
387:hydraulic conductivity
316:
300:Penetration and extent
278:
231:
42:
7372:Hotel Terme Millepini
7241:Freshwater dive sites
3565:Cliff Villa Peninsula
3545:Cahuita National Park
3538:Bunaken National Park
3007:Kőbánya cellar system
2997:Houston tunnel system
2977:Almadén Mercury Mines
2972:The Caves of Ægissíða
2372:The Underground Eiger
1191:Instituto de Geología
1016:Earth sciences portal
832:Municipality of Tulum
812:Blue Hole (Ocho Rios)
655:
498:
400:
307:
268:
261:Geology and hydrology
218:
156:sacrificial offerings
40:
7568:Geography of Yucatán
7455:Scuba diving tourism
7295:Ponce de Leon Spring
4851:Cornelia B. Windiate
4115:Wreck diving regions
4018:Port Noarlunga jetty
3722:Poor Knights Islands
3402:Subterranean warfare
3175:Subterranea (comics)
3160:Moria (Middle-earth)
3140:Allegory of the cave
3124:Subterranean fiction
1676:Arqueología Mexicana
1516:on September 4, 2008
1117:Sharer & Traxler
314:Frederick Catherwood
7445:Recreational diving
7069:Blue Hole (Red Sea)
6934:William C. Moreland
4059:Christ of the Abyss
4047:Underwater artworks
3757:San Andrés (island)
3717:Petit Saint Vincent
3610:Great Southern Reef
3513:Belize Barrier Reef
3456:Reef diving regions
3358:Tunnel construction
3082:Subterranean Toledo
3077:Subterranean London
2967:Caves of Maastricht
2394:Alpazat cave rescue
2039:Types and formation
1543:News from the Field
1479:National Geographic
1401:10.1038/nature06070
1393:2007Natur.449...48B
1341:1996Geo....24..527P
1273:Hall, F.G. (1936),
1062:Saltwater intrusion
567:) known as the pit
427:Cenotes-cilíndricos
7430:Black-water diving
6245:President Coolidge
5045:Empress of Ireland
4792:Chester A. Congdon
4770:City of Launceston
4069:Kristu tal-Baħħara
4033:South Channel Fort
3920:Hillsea Point Rock
3797:St. Crispin's Reef
3605:Great Barrier Reef
3380:Mining engineering
3365:Underground living
3190:Underland (Narnia)
3105:Fictional features
2884:Underground hangar
2626:Subterranean river
2621:Subterranean fauna
2321:Cave-dwelling Jews
2068:Estavelle/Inversac
776:Dominican Republic
732:Thunderball Grotto
661:
620:Cult of the Cenote
509:
406:
317:
279:
232:
43:
7545:
7544:
7478:
7477:
7465:Underwater diving
7440:Low impact diving
7435:Blue-water diving
7410:
7409:
7327:
7326:
7280:Homestead caldera
7231:
7230:
7203:Uamh an Claonaite
7198:Sistema Sac Actun
7193:Sistema Ox Bel Ha
7153:Piccaninnie Ponds
7143:Molnár János Cave
7054:Cave dive sites:
7033:
7032:
7029:
7028:
6565:Selah Chamberlain
6351:Robert C. Pringle
5776:Mikhail Lermontov
5500:James Eagan Layne
5110:Francisco Morazan
4749:Christina Nilsson
4498:Arthur W. Radford
4249:
4248:
4105:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4013:Port Hughes jetty
3910:Fowey Rocks Light
3900:Frederiksted Pier
3840:
3839:
3662:Mantanani Islands
3410:
3409:
3298:Cave conservation
3203:
3202:
3100:
3099:
2946:Ventilation shaft
2725:Man-made features
2720:
2719:
2425:
2424:
2203:(Cave formations)
1966:Cave conservation
1832:Sharer, Robert J.
1475:NatGeo News Watch
1246:978-1-57958-399-6
1193:, v. 4; pp 32–36.
1141:Discovery Channel
1074:List of sinkholes
887:Jardin Del Eden,
822:Yucatán Peninsula
721:, South Australia
565:Sistema Sac Actun
372:anchialine system
337:Sistema Sac Actun
333:Sistema Ox Bel Ha
321:Yucatán Peninsula
277:, Yucatán, Mexico
148:Yucatán Peninsula
124:[seˈnote]
86:
16:(Redirected from
7600:
7532:
7522:
7521:
7511:
7510:
7500:
7499:
7490:
7489:
7416:
7415:
7367:Eccleston Quarry
7333:
7332:
7285:Little Blue Lake
7255:Blue Lake (Utah)
7237:
7236:
7178:Sistema Dos Ojos
7118:Engelbrecht Cave
7079:Blue Hole (Guam)
7039:
7038:
6588:South Australian
6177:Pietermaritzburg
5356:Herzogin Cecilie
5271:Grace A. Channon
5241:Glen Strathallan
4275:
4274:
4259:Wreck dive sites
4255:
4254:
4111:
4110:
4064:Circle of Heroes
4028:Shark River Reef
3998:Edithburgh jetty
3990:Artificial reefs
3986:
3985:
3925:Inland Sea, Gozo
3885:Elphinstone Reef
3846:
3845:
3827:Wakatobi Regency
3585:El Ikhwa Islands
3452:
3451:
3437:
3430:
3423:
3414:
3413:
3375:Mine exploration
3150:Greek Underworld
3109:
3108:
3087:Turda Salt Mines
3072:Shanghai tunnels
2936:Smuggling tunnel
2879:Underground base
2874:Underground city
2789:Dugout (shelter)
2739:Air raid shelter
2729:
2728:
2687:Lechuguilla Cave
2667:Castellana Caves
2636:Underground lake
2470:
2469:
2466:Natural features
2452:
2445:
2438:
2429:
2428:
2048:Anchihaline cave
2030:Caves by country
1930:
1923:
1916:
1907:
1906:
1865:
1841:
1838:The Ancient Maya
1827:
1822:. Archived from
1778:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1758:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1609:
1605:
1603:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1551:
1540:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1481:. Archived from
1466:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1436:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1376:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1308:
1297:
1288:
1282:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1232:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1200:
1194:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1162:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1126:
1120:
1109:
1103:
1098:
1032:
1027:
1026:
1018:
1013:
1012:
1011:
949:Bottomless Lakes
883:Playa del Carmen
875:Xtacunbilxunan,
769:Vancouver Island
765:British Columbia
734:, on Staniel Cay
715:Little Blue Lake
626:to the rain god
581:human habitation
561:Sistema Aktun Hu
513:Chicxulub crater
491:Chicxulub crater
345:Sistema Dos Ojos
126:
121:
117:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
100:
97:
94:
84:
83:
82:
79:
78:
75:
72:
69:
66:
63:
60:
53:
21:
7608:
7607:
7603:
7602:
7601:
7599:
7598:
7597:
7563:Caves of Mexico
7548:
7547:
7546:
7541:
7474:
7421:
7406:
7387:Seacrest Cove 2
7357:Deep Dive Dubai
7338:
7323:
7290:Logue Brook Dam
7265:Dorothea quarry
7260:Dinorwic quarry
7242:
7227:
7213:Wakulla Springs
7183:Sistema Huautla
7138:Kilsby sinkhole
7074:Great Blue Hole
7044:
7043:Cave dive sites
7025:
6993:
6954:
6889:Walter L M Russ
6868:
6828:
6789:
6668:
6436:
6313:Rainbow Warrior
6277:
6258:
6253:Prince of Wales
6103:
6055:
5999:
5811:Margaret Olwill
5716:
5620:
5542:
5455:
5406:
5304:
5188:George A. Marsh
5152:
5074:
5053:Erie L. Hackley
4970:
4965:Dwight L. Moody
4901:
4763:City of Everett
4728:Carthaginian II
4706:Carl D. Bradley
4662:
4525:
4374:Albert C. Field
4333:Admiral Sampson
4273:
4260:
4245:
4116:
4097:
4078:
4042:
4023:Rapid Bay jetty
3984:
3851:
3850:Reef dive sites
3836:
3777:Similan Islands
3767:Shaʽb Abu Nuħas
3752:Rottnest Island
3712:Pescador Island
3692:Neptune Islands
3657:Lighthouse Reef
3457:
3446:
3441:
3411:
3406:
3286:
3199:
3128:
3096:
3002:Kosvinsky Kamen
2950:
2809:Fallout shelter
2779:Crypt Mausoleum
2716:
2707:Veryovkina Cave
2697:Reed Flute Cave
2650:
2557:Solutional cave
2505:Communal burrow
2461:
2456:
2426:
2421:
2408:
2377:
2350:Popular culture
2345:
2304:
2202:
2197:
2189:
2135:Solutional cave
2040:
2034:
1949:
1940:
1934:
1886:Sistema Zacatón
1872:
1854:
1812:
1787:
1782:
1781:
1771:
1769:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1745:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1706:
1704:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1681:
1679:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1642:
1638:
1623:
1619:
1607:
1606:
1597:
1596:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1569:
1565:
1555:
1553:
1549:
1538:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1519:
1517:
1502:
1498:
1488:
1486:
1467:
1458:
1448:
1446:
1439:Mammoth Trumpet
1434:
1428:
1424:
1387:(7158): 48–53.
1374:
1368:
1364:
1325:
1321:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1295:
1289:
1285:
1272:
1268:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1247:
1233:
1222:
1213:
1211:
1209:Anna Everywhere
1201:
1197:
1184:
1180:
1163:
1156:
1146:
1144:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1119:2006 p 52.
1110:
1106:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1004:
988:
919:
824:
819:
809:
796:
778:
753:
745:Great Blue Hole
741:
728:
709:Kilsby sinkhole
704:South Australia
692:
687:
685:Notable cenotes
650:
644:
624:human sacrifice
583:in the region.
541:
517:gravity mapping
493:
457:
455:Flora and fauna
435:Cenotes-aguadas
419:Cenotes-cántaro
411:
353:
302:
263:
213:
127:) is a natural
119:
91:
87:
57:
51:
50:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7606:
7596:
7595:
7590:
7585:
7580:
7575:
7570:
7565:
7560:
7543:
7542:
7540:
7539:
7526:
7516:
7505:
7494:
7483:
7480:
7479:
7476:
7475:
7473:
7472:
7467:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7447:
7442:
7437:
7432:
7426:
7423:
7422:
7420:Related topics
7412:
7411:
7408:
7407:
7405:
7404:
7399:
7394:
7389:
7384:
7379:
7374:
7369:
7364:
7359:
7354:
7349:
7343:
7340:
7339:
7337:Training sites
7329:
7328:
7325:
7324:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7287:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7262:
7257:
7252:
7247:
7244:
7243:
7233:
7232:
7229:
7228:
7226:
7225:
7220:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7103:Chinhoyi Caves
7100:
7099:
7098:
7088:
7083:
7082:
7081:
7076:
7071:
7061:
7049:
7046:
7045:
7035:
7034:
7031:
7030:
7027:
7026:
7024:
7023:
7016:
7009:
7001:
6999:
6995:
6994:
6992:
6991:
6983:
6976:
6971:
6962:
6960:
6956:
6955:
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6944:
6937:
6930:
6923:
6915:
6907:
6900:
6892:
6885:
6876:
6874:
6870:
6869:
6867:
6866:
6859:
6852:
6844:
6836:
6834:
6830:
6829:
6827:
6826:
6819:
6812:
6805:
6797:
6795:
6791:
6790:
6788:
6787:
6779:
6772:
6764:
6757:
6750:
6742:
6735:
6728:
6721:
6714:
6707:
6700:
6692:
6684:
6676:
6674:
6670:
6669:
6667:
6666:
6659:
6651:
6643:
6635:
6627:
6620:
6613:
6606:
6599:
6591:
6584:
6576:
6568:
6560:
6552:
6544:
6536:
6528:
6520:
6512:
6504:
6497:
6490:
6482:
6475:
6468:
6460:
6453:
6444:
6442:
6438:
6437:
6435:
6434:
6426:
6419:
6412:
6409:Royal Adelaide
6405:
6398:
6391:
6384:
6377:
6370:
6362:
6359:Robert Wallace
6354:
6347:
6340:
6332:
6324:
6316:
6309:
6301:
6294:
6285:
6283:
6279:
6278:
6276:
6275:
6272:Queen Victoria
6266:
6264:
6260:
6259:
6257:
6256:
6248:
6241:
6234:
6226:
6218:
6211:
6203:
6195:
6188:
6180:
6172:
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6156:
6149:
6142:
6134:
6126:
6119:
6111:
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6101:
6094:
6087:
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6038:
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6022:
6015:
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6000:
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5992:
5984:
5976:
5968:
5960:
5952:
5944:
5936:
5929:
5921:
5914:
5906:
5898:
5890:
5883:
5875:
5867:
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5852:
5844:
5837:
5829:
5821:
5814:
5806:
5801:
5793:
5786:
5779:
5772:
5764:
5756:
5748:
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5733:
5724:
5722:
5718:
5717:
5715:
5714:
5707:
5699:
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5684:
5676:
5668:
5660:
5652:
5644:
5637:
5628:
5626:
5622:
5621:
5619:
5618:
5611:
5604:
5596:
5589:
5581:
5574:
5571:Keystone State
5566:
5559:
5550:
5548:
5544:
5543:
5541:
5540:
5533:
5525:
5522:John M. Osborn
5518:
5510:
5503:
5496:
5488:
5480:
5472:
5463:
5461:
5457:
5456:
5454:
5453:
5446:
5443:Isaac M. Scott
5438:
5430:
5422:
5414:
5412:
5408:
5407:
5405:
5404:
5396:
5388:
5381:
5374:
5367:
5359:
5352:
5344:
5337:
5329:
5326:Henry Chisholm
5321:
5312:
5310:
5306:
5305:
5303:
5302:
5297:
5289:
5282:
5274:
5267:
5260:
5252:
5244:
5237:
5229:
5221:
5213:
5206:
5199:
5191:
5184:
5176:
5168:
5160:
5158:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5150:
5143:
5136:
5129:
5126:Frank O'Connor
5121:
5118:Francis Hinton
5113:
5105:
5098:
5091:
5082:
5080:
5076:
5075:
5073:
5072:
5064:
5056:
5048:
5040:
5032:
5024:
5017:
5009:
5006:Edgar E. Clark
5001:
4993:
4986:
4978:
4976:
4972:
4971:
4969:
4968:
4961:
4954:
4946:
4939:
4931:
4924:
4917:
4909:
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4900:
4899:
4891:
4883:
4876:
4869:
4862:
4854:
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4839:
4831:
4824:
4817:
4809:
4802:
4795:
4788:
4780:
4773:
4766:
4759:
4756:City of Bangor
4752:
4745:
4738:
4731:
4724:
4717:
4709:
4702:
4695:
4687:
4679:
4670:
4668:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4660:
4653:
4646:
4639:
4631:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4601:
4594:
4586:
4578:
4571:
4563:
4556:
4549:
4542:
4533:
4531:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4516:
4508:
4501:
4493:
4490:Arratoon Apcar
4486:
4478:
4471:
4464:
4457:
4450:
4442:
4435:
4428:
4421:
4413:
4406:
4399:
4392:
4385:
4377:
4370:
4363:
4358:
4350:
4343:
4340:Adolphus Busch
4336:
4329:
4321:
4313:
4306:
4298:
4290:
4281:
4279:
4272:
4271:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4251:
4250:
4247:
4246:
4244:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4226:Wardang Island
4223:
4218:
4217:
4216:
4206:
4199:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4107:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4095:
4089:
4087:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4050:
4048:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3994:
3992:
3983:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3842:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3835:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3817:Tubbataha Reef
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3787:Socorro Island
3784:
3779:
3774:
3772:Shadwan Island
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3707:Panglao, Bohol
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3672:Martin's Haven
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3638:
3637:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3541:
3540:
3530:
3528:Bowie Seamount
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3479:
3478:
3468:
3462:
3459:
3458:
3448:
3447:
3440:
3439:
3432:
3425:
3417:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3350:
3348:Trench warfare
3345:
3343:Tunnel network
3340:
3338:Tunnel warfare
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3294:
3292:
3291:Related topics
3288:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3136:
3134:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3126:
3121:
3115:
3113:
3106:
3102:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3047:Mount Yamantau
3044:
3039:
3037:Mines of Paris
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2922:
2921:
2911:
2906:
2904:Secret passage
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2735:
2733:
2726:
2722:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2672:Hang Sơn Đoòng
2669:
2664:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2579:Lava tree mold
2576:
2571:
2566:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2514:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2476:
2474:
2467:
2463:
2462:
2455:
2454:
2447:
2440:
2432:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2368:
2361:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2326:Cave monastery
2323:
2318:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2280:Speleoseismite
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2206:
2204:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2053:Breathing cave
2050:
2044:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2005:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1933:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1871:
1870:External links
1868:
1867:
1866:
1852:
1828:
1826:on 2010-02-06.
1810:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1768:on 5 June 2016
1753:
1731:
1714:
1688:
1663:
1652:(4): 583–612.
1636:
1617:
1583:
1563:
1527:
1496:
1456:
1422:
1362:
1319:
1283:
1266:
1252:
1245:
1220:
1195:
1178:
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1091:
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1084:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1065:
1059:
1053:
1047:
1041:
1034:
1033:
1019:
1003:
1000:
999:
998:
992:Chinhoyi Caves
987:
984:
983:
982:
969:
959:Montezuma Well
956:
946:
933:
918:
915:
914:
913:
906:
900:
891:
885:
879:
873:
864:
858:
852:
843:
834:
823:
820:
818:
815:
814:
813:
808:
805:
804:
803:
800:Melissani Cave
795:
792:
791:
790:
787:
782:
777:
774:
773:
772:
752:
749:
748:
747:
740:
737:
736:
735:
727:
724:
723:
722:
712:
706:
691:
688:
686:
683:
643:
640:
545:Eve of Naharon
540:
537:
492:
489:
456:
453:
448:
447:
439:
431:
423:
410:
407:
361:meteoric water
352:
349:
301:
298:
262:
259:
212:
209:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7605:
7594:
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7527:
7525:
7517:
7515:
7506:
7504:
7495:
7493:
7485:
7484:
7481:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7461:
7458:
7456:
7453:
7451:
7448:
7446:
7443:
7441:
7438:
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7413:
7403:
7400:
7398:
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7393:
7390:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7373:
7370:
7368:
7365:
7363:
7360:
7358:
7355:
7353:
7350:
7348:
7345:
7344:
7341:
7334:
7330:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7310:Vortex Spring
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7270:Dutch Springs
7268:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7258:
7256:
7253:
7251:
7248:
7245:
7238:
7234:
7224:
7221:
7219:
7216:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7208:Vortex Spring
7206:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
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7171:
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7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7133:Jordbrugrotta
7131:
7129:
7128:Hranice Abyss
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7097:
7096:Dzibilchaltun
7094:
7093:
7092:
7089:
7087:
7084:
7080:
7077:
7075:
7072:
7070:
7067:
7066:
7065:
7062:
7060:
7057:
7056:
7055:
7052:
7047:
7040:
7036:
7022:
7021:
7017:
7015:
7014:
7010:
7008:
7007:
7003:
7002:
7000:
6996:
6990:
6989:
6984:
6982:
6981:
6977:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6969:
6964:
6963:
6961:
6957:
6951:
6950:
6945:
6943:
6942:
6938:
6936:
6935:
6931:
6929:
6928:
6924:
6922:
6921:
6916:
6914:
6913:
6908:
6906:
6905:
6904:Washingtonian
6901:
6899:
6898:
6893:
6891:
6890:
6886:
6884:
6883:
6878:
6877:
6875:
6871:
6865:
6864:
6860:
6858:
6857:
6853:
6851:
6850:
6845:
6843:
6842:
6838:
6837:
6835:
6831:
6825:
6824:
6820:
6818:
6817:
6813:
6811:
6810:
6806:
6804:
6803:
6799:
6798:
6796:
6792:
6786:
6785:
6780:
6778:
6777:
6773:
6771:
6770:
6765:
6763:
6762:
6761:Torrey Canyon
6758:
6756:
6755:
6751:
6749:
6748:
6743:
6741:
6740:
6736:
6734:
6733:
6729:
6727:
6726:
6725:Thomas Wilson
6722:
6720:
6719:
6718:Thomas Friant
6715:
6713:
6712:
6708:
6706:
6705:
6701:
6699:
6698:
6693:
6691:
6690:
6685:
6683:
6682:
6678:
6677:
6675:
6671:
6665:
6664:
6660:
6658:
6657:
6652:
6650:
6649:
6648:Superior City
6644:
6642:
6641:
6636:
6634:
6633:
6632:Stepas Darius
6628:
6626:
6625:
6621:
6619:
6618:
6614:
6612:
6611:
6607:
6605:
6604:
6600:
6598:
6597:
6596:Spiegel Grove
6592:
6590:
6589:
6585:
6583:
6582:
6577:
6575:
6574:
6569:
6567:
6566:
6561:
6559:
6558:
6553:
6551:
6550:
6545:
6543:
6542:
6537:
6535:
6534:
6529:
6527:
6526:
6521:
6519:
6518:
6513:
6511:
6510:
6505:
6503:
6502:
6501:Sanko Harvest
6498:
6496:
6495:
6494:Samuel P. Ely
6491:
6489:
6488:
6487:Samuel Mather
6483:
6481:
6480:
6479:Salem Express
6476:
6474:
6473:
6469:
6467:
6466:
6461:
6459:
6458:
6454:
6452:
6451:
6446:
6445:
6443:
6439:
6433:
6432:
6427:
6425:
6424:
6420:
6418:
6417:
6416:Royal Charter
6413:
6411:
6410:
6406:
6404:
6403:
6402:Rouse Simmons
6399:
6397:
6396:
6392:
6390:
6389:
6385:
6383:
6382:
6378:
6376:
6375:
6371:
6369:
6368:
6363:
6361:
6360:
6355:
6353:
6352:
6348:
6346:
6345:
6341:
6339:
6338:
6333:
6331:
6330:
6325:
6323:
6322:
6317:
6315:
6314:
6310:
6308:
6307:
6302:
6300:
6299:
6295:
6293:
6292:
6287:
6286:
6284:
6280:
6274:
6273:
6268:
6267:
6265:
6261:
6255:
6254:
6249:
6247:
6246:
6242:
6240:
6239:
6235:
6233:
6232:
6227:
6225:
6224:
6219:
6217:
6216:
6212:
6210:
6209:
6204:
6202:
6201:
6196:
6194:
6193:
6189:
6187:
6186:
6181:
6179:
6178:
6173:
6171:
6170:
6165:
6163:
6162:
6157:
6155:
6154:
6150:
6148:
6147:
6143:
6141:
6140:
6135:
6133:
6132:
6127:
6125:
6124:
6120:
6118:
6117:
6113:
6112:
6110:
6106:
6100:
6099:
6095:
6093:
6092:
6088:
6086:
6085:
6080:
6078:
6077:
6072:
6070:
6069:
6065:
6064:
6062:
6058:
6052:
6051:
6047:
6045:
6044:
6039:
6037:
6036:
6031:
6029:
6027:
6023:
6021:
6020:
6016:
6014:
6013:
6009:
6008:
6006:
6002:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5990:
5985:
5983:
5982:
5977:
5975:
5974:
5969:
5967:
5966:
5961:
5959:
5958:
5953:
5951:
5950:
5945:
5943:
5942:
5937:
5935:
5934:
5930:
5928:
5927:
5922:
5920:
5919:
5915:
5913:
5912:
5907:
5905:
5904:
5899:
5897:
5896:
5891:
5889:
5888:
5884:
5882:
5881:
5876:
5874:
5873:
5868:
5866:
5865:
5861:
5859:
5858:
5853:
5851:
5850:
5845:
5843:
5842:
5838:
5836:
5835:
5830:
5828:
5827:
5822:
5820:
5819:
5815:
5813:
5812:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5799:
5794:
5792:
5791:
5787:
5785:
5784:
5780:
5778:
5777:
5773:
5771:
5769:
5765:
5763:
5762:
5757:
5755:
5754:
5749:
5747:
5746:
5742:
5740:
5739:
5734:
5732:
5731:
5726:
5725:
5723:
5719:
5713:
5712:
5708:
5706:
5705:
5700:
5698:
5697:
5692:
5690:
5689:
5685:
5683:
5682:
5677:
5675:
5674:
5669:
5667:
5666:
5661:
5659:
5658:
5653:
5651:
5650:
5645:
5643:
5642:
5638:
5636:
5635:
5630:
5629:
5627:
5623:
5617:
5616:
5615:Kyle Spangler
5612:
5610:
5609:
5605:
5603:
5602:
5597:
5595:
5594:
5593:Kizugawa Maru
5590:
5588:
5587:
5582:
5580:
5579:
5575:
5573:
5572:
5567:
5565:
5564:
5560:
5558:
5557:
5552:
5551:
5549:
5545:
5539:
5538:
5534:
5532:
5531:
5530:John Mitchell
5526:
5524:
5523:
5519:
5517:
5516:
5515:John B. Cowle
5511:
5509:
5508:
5507:J.S. Seaverns
5504:
5502:
5501:
5497:
5495:
5494:
5489:
5487:
5486:
5481:
5479:
5478:
5473:
5471:
5470:
5465:
5464:
5462:
5458:
5452:
5451:
5447:
5445:
5444:
5439:
5437:
5436:
5431:
5429:
5428:
5423:
5421:
5420:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5409:
5403:
5402:
5397:
5395:
5394:
5389:
5387:
5386:
5382:
5380:
5379:
5375:
5373:
5372:
5368:
5366:
5365:
5360:
5358:
5357:
5353:
5351:
5350:
5345:
5343:
5342:
5341:Hermann Künne
5338:
5336:
5335:
5330:
5328:
5327:
5322:
5320:
5319:
5314:
5313:
5311:
5307:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5295:
5294:Gregory Poole
5290:
5288:
5287:
5283:
5281:
5280:
5275:
5273:
5272:
5268:
5266:
5265:
5261:
5259:
5258:
5253:
5251:
5250:
5245:
5243:
5242:
5238:
5236:
5235:
5230:
5228:
5227:
5222:
5220:
5219:
5214:
5212:
5211:
5207:
5205:
5204:
5203:George M. Cox
5200:
5198:
5197:
5192:
5190:
5189:
5185:
5183:
5182:
5177:
5175:
5174:
5173:General Botha
5169:
5167:
5166:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5155:
5149:
5148:
5144:
5142:
5141:
5140:Fujikawa Maru
5137:
5135:
5134:
5130:
5128:
5127:
5122:
5120:
5119:
5114:
5112:
5111:
5106:
5104:
5103:
5099:
5097:
5096:
5092:
5090:
5089:
5084:
5083:
5081:
5077:
5071:
5070:
5065:
5063:
5062:
5057:
5055:
5054:
5049:
5047:
5046:
5041:
5039:
5038:
5033:
5031:
5030:
5025:
5023:
5022:
5018:
5016:
5015:
5010:
5008:
5007:
5002:
5000:
4999:
4994:
4992:
4991:
4987:
4985:
4984:
4980:
4979:
4977:
4973:
4967:
4966:
4962:
4960:
4959:
4955:
4953:
4952:
4947:
4945:
4944:
4940:
4938:
4937:
4932:
4930:
4929:
4925:
4923:
4922:
4918:
4916:
4915:
4911:
4910:
4908:
4904:
4898:
4897:
4892:
4890:
4889:
4884:
4882:
4881:
4877:
4875:
4874:
4870:
4868:
4867:
4863:
4861:
4860:
4855:
4853:
4852:
4848:
4846:
4845:
4840:
4838:
4837:
4832:
4830:
4829:
4825:
4823:
4822:
4818:
4816:
4815:
4810:
4808:
4807:
4803:
4801:
4800:
4796:
4794:
4793:
4789:
4787:
4786:
4781:
4779:
4778:
4774:
4772:
4771:
4767:
4765:
4764:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4753:
4751:
4750:
4746:
4744:
4743:
4739:
4737:
4736:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4725:
4723:
4722:
4718:
4716:
4715:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4703:
4701:
4700:
4696:
4694:
4693:
4692:Cape Henlopen
4688:
4686:
4685:
4680:
4678:
4677:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4665:
4659:
4658:
4654:
4652:
4651:
4647:
4645:
4644:
4640:
4638:
4637:
4632:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4622:
4621:
4617:
4615:
4614:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4602:
4600:
4599:
4595:
4593:
4592:
4587:
4585:
4584:
4579:
4577:
4576:
4572:
4570:
4569:
4564:
4562:
4561:
4557:
4555:
4554:
4550:
4548:
4547:
4543:
4541:
4540:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4528:
4522:
4521:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4509:
4507:
4506:
4502:
4500:
4499:
4494:
4492:
4491:
4487:
4485:
4484:
4479:
4477:
4476:
4472:
4470:
4469:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4458:
4456:
4455:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4443:
4441:
4440:
4436:
4434:
4433:
4429:
4427:
4426:
4422:
4420:
4419:
4414:
4412:
4411:
4407:
4405:
4404:
4400:
4398:
4397:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4386:
4384:
4383:
4378:
4376:
4375:
4371:
4369:
4368:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4356:
4351:
4349:
4348:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4322:
4320:
4319:
4314:
4312:
4311:
4307:
4305:
4304:
4299:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4289:
4288:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4276:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4263:
4256:
4252:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4200:
4198:
4197:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4119:
4112:
4108:
4094:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4081:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4045:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4008:Merkanti Reef
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3991:
3987:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3960:Second Valley
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3930:Kennack Sands
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3875:Darwin's Arch
3873:
3871:
3870:Daedalus Reef
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3854:
3847:
3843:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3792:Sound of Mull
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3732:Puerto Galera
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3702:Palancar Reef
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3682:Molasses Reef
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3647:Kadmat Island
3645:
3643:
3640:
3636:
3633:
3632:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3539:
3536:
3535:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3460:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3438:
3433:
3431:
3426:
3424:
3419:
3418:
3415:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3333:Civil defense
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3323:Cave painting
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3208:Organisations
3206:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3107:
3103:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3042:Mustang Caves
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2953:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2909:Semi-basement
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2899:Subway system
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2869:Utility vault
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2854:Rock-cut tomb
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2844:Passage grave
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2799:Earth shelter
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2764:Blast shelter
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2727:
2723:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2682:Kazumura Cave
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2641:Volcanic pipe
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2589:Maternity den
2587:
2585:
2584:Magma chamber
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2518:
2515:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2500:Burrow fossil
2498:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
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2235:Dogtooth spar
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2223:
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2220:Calcite rafts
2218:
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2208:
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2201:
2196:
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2037:
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2028:
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2023:
2021:
2020:Speleogenesis
2018:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1971:Cave painting
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1961:Biospeleology
1959:
1958:
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1952:
1948:
1943:
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1931:
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1911:
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1859:
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1853:0-8047-4816-0
1849:
1845:
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1839:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1811:84-239-6814-6
1807:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1793:
1789:
1788:
1785:Other sources
1767:
1763:
1757:
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1677:
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1667:
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1613:
1601:
1586:
1584:0-7748-0633-8
1580:
1576:
1575:
1567:
1552:on 2015-02-06
1548:
1544:
1537:
1531:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1500:
1485:on 2011-02-26
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1354:
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1346:
1342:
1338:
1335:(6): 527–30.
1334:
1330:
1323:
1309:on 2015-05-01
1305:
1301:
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1280:
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1031:
1025:
1020:
1017:
1006:
997:
993:
990:
989:
981:
977:
973:
972:Hamilton Pool
970:
968:
964:
960:
957:
954:
950:
947:
945:
941:
937:
934:
932:
928:
924:
921:
920:
917:United States
911:
907:
905:
901:
899:
895:
892:
890:
886:
884:
881:Cenote Azul,
880:
878:
874:
872:
868:
867:Sacred Cenote
865:
863:
859:
856:
853:
851:
847:
844:
842:
838:
837:Dzibilchaltun
835:
833:
829:
826:
825:
811:
810:
801:
798:
797:
788:
786:
785:Los Tres Ojos
783:
780:
779:
770:
766:
762:
758:
755:
754:
746:
743:
742:
733:
730:
729:
720:
716:
713:
710:
707:
705:
701:
700:Mount Gambier
697:
694:
693:
682:
680:
674:
672:
667:
658:
654:
649:
639:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
608:
606:
602:
598:
597:Sacred Cenote
594:
590:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
536:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
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505:oceanic basin
502:
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445:
444:
440:
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436:
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428:
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403:Cenote Ik Kil
399:
395:
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388:
383:
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377:
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369:
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362:
358:
348:
346:
342:
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284:
276:
272:
267:
258:
256:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
230:
226:
222:
221:Sacred Cenote
217:
208:
206:
205:United States
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
177:
175:
169:
167:
166:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
138:
134:
130:
125:
115:
81:
48:
39:
33:
19:
7558:Cave geology
7534:
7450:Scuba diving
7402:Swanage Pier
7168:Ricks Spring
7163:Pollatoomary
7090:
7053:
7018:
7012:
7005:
6987:
6979:
6967:
6949:Wilkes-Barre
6948:
6940:
6933:
6926:
6919:
6911:
6903:
6896:
6888:
6881:
6862:
6855:
6848:
6840:
6823:Um El Faroud
6821:
6815:
6808:
6801:
6783:
6774:
6768:
6760:
6752:
6746:
6737:
6730:
6724:
6717:
6710:
6703:
6696:
6688:
6680:
6662:
6655:
6647:
6639:
6631:
6623:
6616:
6609:
6602:
6595:
6587:
6580:
6572:
6564:
6556:
6548:
6540:
6532:
6525:S.C. Baldwin
6524:
6517:Saskatchewan
6516:
6508:
6500:
6493:
6486:
6478:
6471:
6464:
6456:
6449:
6430:
6422:
6415:
6408:
6401:
6394:
6387:
6380:
6373:
6366:
6358:
6350:
6344:Riva Palacio
6343:
6336:
6328:
6320:
6312:
6305:
6297:
6290:
6271:
6252:
6244:
6237:
6230:
6222:
6214:
6207:
6199:
6191:
6184:
6176:
6168:
6160:
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6145:
6138:
6130:
6122:
6115:
6097:
6090:
6083:
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6067:
6049:
6042:
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6025:
6018:
6011:
5988:
5980:
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5964:
5956:
5948:
5940:
5932:
5925:
5917:
5910:
5902:
5894:
5886:
5879:
5872:Midland City
5871:
5863:
5856:
5848:
5840:
5833:
5825:
5817:
5810:
5797:
5789:
5782:
5775:
5767:
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5752:
5744:
5737:
5729:
5710:
5703:
5695:
5687:
5680:
5672:
5664:
5656:
5648:
5640:
5633:
5614:
5606:
5600:
5591:
5585:
5578:King Cruiser
5577:
5570:
5562:
5555:
5536:
5529:
5521:
5514:
5506:
5499:
5492:
5484:
5476:
5468:
5449:
5442:
5434:
5426:
5418:
5400:
5392:
5384:
5377:
5371:Hilma Hooker
5369:
5363:
5355:
5348:
5340:
5333:
5325:
5317:
5293:
5285:
5278:
5270:
5263:
5256:
5248:
5239:
5233:
5225:
5217:
5210:Georg Thiele
5209:
5202:
5196:George Dewey
5195:
5187:
5180:
5172:
5164:
5145:
5138:
5132:
5125:
5117:
5109:
5101:
5094:
5087:
5068:
5060:
5052:
5044:
5036:
5028:
5020:
5013:
5005:
4997:
4989:
4982:
4964:
4957:
4950:
4942:
4935:
4928:David Tucker
4927:
4921:Daniel Lyons
4920:
4913:
4895:
4887:
4879:
4872:
4865:
4858:
4849:
4843:
4835:
4827:
4820:
4813:
4805:
4798:
4791:
4784:
4776:
4769:
4762:
4755:
4748:
4741:
4734:
4726:
4720:
4713:
4705:
4698:
4691:
4683:
4675:
4656:
4649:
4641:
4635:
4627:
4619:
4612:
4606:Bloemfontein
4605:
4597:
4590:
4582:
4574:
4567:
4559:
4552:
4545:
4538:
4519:
4512:
4504:
4497:
4489:
4482:
4474:
4468:Aratama Maru
4466:
4460:
4453:
4446:
4438:
4431:
4425:Andrea Doria
4424:
4417:
4409:
4402:
4395:
4388:
4381:
4373:
4366:
4354:
4346:
4339:
4332:
4325:
4317:
4309:
4302:
4294:
4286:
4201:
4194:
4135:Chuuk Lagoon
4130:Calve Island
4038:Osborne Reef
3955:Portsea Hole
3945:Octopus Hole
3935:The Manacles
3860:Azure Window
3747:Rondo Island
3600:Gili Islands
3550:Calve Island
3476:Aliwal Shoal
3303:Cave dweller
3165:Nome Kingdom
3119:Hollow Earth
3032:Maginot Line
2931:Storm cellar
2749:Burial vault
2611:Rock shelter
2568:
2522:Glacier cave
2370:
2363:
2356:
2316:Cave dweller
2230:Cave popcorn
2169:Underground
2088:Karst spring
2078:Glacier cave
2062:
1837:
1824:the original
1796:
1770:. Retrieved
1766:the original
1756:
1744:. Retrieved
1734:
1728:. June 2010.
1717:
1705:. Retrieved
1691:
1680:. Retrieved
1675:
1666:
1649:
1645:
1639:
1630:
1626:
1620:
1588:. Retrieved
1573:
1566:
1556:February 19,
1554:. Retrieved
1547:the original
1542:
1530:
1520:February 20,
1518:. Retrieved
1514:the original
1509:
1499:
1489:February 19,
1487:. Retrieved
1483:the original
1474:
1449:February 20,
1447:. Retrieved
1442:
1438:
1425:
1384:
1378:
1365:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1311:. Retrieved
1304:the original
1299:
1286:
1274:
1269:
1255:
1236:
1212:. Retrieved
1208:
1198:
1186:
1181:
1170:
1145:. Retrieved
1131:
1124:
1112:
1107:
1096:
1030:Water portal
963:Verde Valley
955:, New Mexico
871:Chichen Itza
757:Devil's Bath
719:Mount Schank
675:
662:
657:Scuba diving
642:Scuba diving
632:Punta Laguna
622:, involving
609:
593:Chichen Itza
585:
575:and a human
568:
560:
552:
549:carbon-dated
542:
510:
485:pigmentation
458:
449:
442:
441:
434:
433:
426:
425:
418:
417:
412:
384:
368:saline water
354:
329:Quintana Roo
326:
318:
291:
280:
252:
236:Chichen Itza
233:
225:Chichen Itza
184:
178:
170:
160:Yucatec Maya
46:
44:
32:Cenotes (EP)
7573:Karst caves
7470:Wall diving
7397:Stoney Cove
7275:Ewens Ponds
7158:Pluragrotta
7123:Fossil Cave
7086:Boesmansgat
6918:HMNZS
6880:HMNZS
6782:HMNZS
6732:Thunderbolt
6711:Thistlegorm
6687:USCGC
6663:Sweepstakes
6640:St Lawrence
6231:Port Napier
6223:Port Kembla
6215:Pool Fisher
6208:Point Swift
5981:RMS Mulheim
5924:USCGC
5688:Louis Sheid
5641:Lady Thetis
5450:Island City
5165:Gallinipper
5133:F.T. Barney
4949:USCGC
4894:USCGC
4812:USCGC
4799:Clan Ranald
4690:USCGC
4684:Cape Breton
4620:Brian Davis
4604:HMSAS
4566:USCGC
4520:Australasia
4396:Al Munassir
4347:Aeolian Sky
4269:115 (barge)
4221:Ve Skerries
4093:Fungus Rock
4084:Snorkelling
3940:Magic Point
3915:Gamul Kebir
3905:French Reef
3697:Osprey Reef
3635:Sodwana Bay
3595:Għar Qawqla
3508:Bay of Pigs
3483:Amed (Bali)
3385:Mole people
3370:Mine rescue
3318:Cave rescue
3308:Cave diving
3052:Mogao Caves
2982:Coober Pedy
2941:Spider hole
2919:Septic tank
2859:Root cellar
2510:Paleoburrow
2459:Subterranea
2195:Speleothems
2108:Exploration
2008:Troglofauna
1976:Cave survey
1954:Main topics
1633:(4): 42–49.
1627:Archaeology
1608:|work=
1590:January 16,
910:Hells Bells
855:Gran Cenote
802:, Kefalonia
696:Ewens Ponds
659:in a cenote
392:water table
287:water table
283:cave system
255:cave divers
144:groundwater
7552:Categories
7501:Category:
7347:Blue Abyss
7320:Wazee Lake
7315:Wast Water
7300:Rum Jungle
7148:Nereo Cave
6986:HMCS
6920:Wellington
6897:Warrior II
6754:Tokai Maru
6745:HMAS
6654:HMAS
6610:Stanegarth
6291:R.P. Resor
6159:HMAS
6146:Pedernales
6050:Northerner
5973:M.M. Drake
5849:Mercedes I
5832:USAT
5818:Marguerite
5671:USAT
5634:Lady Elgin
5563:Kashi Maru
5399:HMAS
5334:Hephaestus
5264:Gothenburg
5021:Ellengowan
4943:D.R. Hanna
4880:Cumberland
4859:Coronation
4834:HMAS
4828:Constandis
4742:Cedarville
4682:HMCS
4674:HMAS
4634:HMHS
4626:HMAS
4575:Binnendijk
4537:HMAS
4454:Appomattox
4324:HMAS
4303:Aaron Ward
4185:Scapa Flow
3950:Pope's Eye
3832:Weh Island
3737:Punta Cana
3677:Marsa Alam
3667:Malapascua
3493:Apo Island
3397:Speleology
3390:in fiction
3170:Pellucidar
3012:Kome Caves
2662:Balve Cave
2606:Pit crater
2562:Talus cave
2485:Ant colony
2331:Kome Caves
2295:Stalagnate
2290:Stalagmite
2285:Stalactite
2275:Soda straw
2265:Shelfstone
2225:Cave pearl
2200:Speleogens
2165:Talus cave
2098:Ley tunnel
2025:Speleology
2003:Stygofauna
1707:11 October
1682:2023-02-09
1313:2017-09-20
1214:2017-01-20
1083:References
931:New Mexico
927:Santa Rosa
904:Valladolid
761:Port Alice
646:See also:
569:Hoyo Negro
521:Cretaceous
380:refraction
308:Cenote at
275:Valladolid
273:Cenote in
203:, and the
174:Maya Train
52:English:
7588:Sinkholes
7512:Commons:
7218:Wondergat
7173:The Shaft
7064:Blue hole
7059:Blauhöhle
7013:Zealandia
6966:USS
6947:USS
6941:Wisconsin
6849:Vermilion
6847:USS
6769:Transvaal
6767:SAS
6695:USS
6594:USS
6571:HMS
6555:HMS
6549:Scrimmage
6539:USS
6507:USS
6448:HMS
6367:Rochester
6335:RMS
6229:HMS
6192:Piłsudski
6185:Pilotfish
6175:SAS
6091:Oslofjord
6082:USS
5963:HMS
5939:RMS
5903:Milwaukee
5887:Minnedosa
5826:Mauna Loa
5796:HMS
5768:Mayflower
5761:Marquette
5751:SMS
5738:Mackenzie
5728:HMS
5711:Lumberman
5702:USS
5696:L.R. Doty
5681:Louisiana
5647:HMS
5601:Kronprinz
5599:SMS
5586:Kittiwake
5435:Ironsides
5391:HMS
5286:Green Bay
5257:Goorangai
5249:Good Hope
5247:SAS
5216:HMS
5102:Fleetwing
5086:HMS
5043:RMS
5012:HMT
4998:Eber Ward
4990:Eastfield
4934:SMS
4886:USS
4857:HMS
4842:SMS
4777:Chaudière
4712:USS
4650:Bungsberg
4636:Britannic
4589:HMS
4581:USS
4560:Bianca C.
4546:Ben Doran
4511:USS
4496:USS
4481:USS
4445:USS
4416:USS
4403:Amaryllis
4380:USS
4353:USS
4316:USS
4310:Abessinia
4301:USS
4293:HMS
4285:HMS
4155:Loch Long
4140:Coron Bay
3980:Wolf Rock
3965:Sund Rock
3590:False Bay
3555:Capurganá
3523:Bohol Sea
3313:Cave gate
3185:Underdark
3133:Exemplars
2955:Exemplars
2894:Wine cave
2769:Catacombs
2655:Exemplars
2552:Show cave
2542:Lava tube
2537:Lava cave
2382:Incidents
2309:Dwellings
2250:Helictite
2245:Frostwork
2240:Flowstone
2210:Anthodite
2183:Waterfall
2155:Suffosion
2140:Show cave
2125:Salt cave
2093:Lava cave
2041:processes
1991:Equipment
1610:ignored (
1600:cite book
1445:(3): 8–11
1088:Citations
1044:Blue hole
936:Blue Hole
923:Blue Hole
877:Bolonchén
690:Australia
679:halocline
612:artifacts
563:(part of
525:Paleogene
501:sinkholes
376:halocline
310:Bolonchén
197:Australia
181:Paleozoic
165:tsʼonoʼot
137:limestone
7362:Deepspot
6841:Varvassi
6776:Treasure
6739:Toa Maru
6617:Stanwood
6509:Saratoga
6465:Saguenay
6457:Sagamore
6381:Rosehill
6289:SS
6270:PS
6084:Oriskany
5995:SS Myron
5989:Muliphen
5979:MV
5957:Monrovia
5941:Moldavia
5880:Mindanao
5864:Metamora
5857:Mesquite
5824:SS
5804:SS Maori
5753:Markgraf
5657:Lakeland
5556:Kamloops
5378:Hispania
5234:Glenlyon
5147:Fumizuki
5108:SS
5088:Falmouth
4958:Dunraven
4896:Cuyahoga
4866:Crusader
4844:Cormoran
4814:Comanche
4785:Chen Hai
4721:Carnatic
4714:Carlisle
4676:Canberra
4628:Brisbane
4591:Boadicea
4483:Arkansas
4439:Antilles
4418:Anderson
4326:Adelaide
4318:Accokeek
4203:Tulamben
3890:Eyemouth
3865:Cod Hole
3687:Molokini
3560:Ċirkewwa
3498:Apo Reef
2926:Stepwell
2914:Sewerage
2824:Hypogeum
2804:Erdstall
2794:Dry well
2774:Casemate
2754:Borehole
2744:Basement
2616:Sinkhole
2547:Pit Cave
2532:Ice cave
2417:Category
2270:Snottite
2260:Rimstone
2255:Moonmilk
2145:Sinkhole
2130:Sea cave
2115:Pit cave
2083:Ice cave
1862:28067148
1820:48657242
1794:(2001).
1409:17805288
1357:11539331
1068:Sinkhole
1002:See also
996:Zimbabwe
986:Zimbabwe
940:Castalia
860:Hubiku,
828:Dos Ojos
573:mastodon
475:, small
461:mojarras
142:exposes
133:sinkhole
7382:Nemo 33
7223:Zacatón
7020:Zingara
7006:Zenobia
6980:Yongala
6927:Wexford
6912:Waubuno
6882:Waikato
6689:Tamaroa
6541:Scuffle
6395:Rotorua
6388:Rosinco
6329:Repulse
6238:Preußen
6200:Pioneer
6169:Pewabic
6153:Persier
6139:Papoose
6035:Nipigon
6026:Niagara
6019:Niagara
5965:Montagu
5949:Monarch
5933:Mohegan
5895:Miowera
5745:Madeira
5704:LST-507
5673:Liberty
5649:Laforey
5300:Gunilda
5279:Grecian
5226:Gilliam
5069:Etruria
5061:Espagne
5037:Emperor
4936:Dresden
4806:Clifton
4643:Bud Bar
4553:Benwood
4539:Bayonet
4513:Atlanta
4505:Atlanta
4432:Antilla
4410:America
3970:St Abbs
3895:Fanadir
3807:Taganga
3782:Sipadan
3570:Cozumel
3533:Bunaken
3220:Bergamt
3145:Batcave
3092:Yaodong
2829:Manhole
2819:Foxhole
2784:Dungeon
2490:Aquifer
2341:Yaodong
2215:Boxwork
2058:Cave-in
1417:4322622
1389:Bibcode
1337:Bibcode
1329:Geology
1147:June 8,
1113:tz'onot
1038:Aquifer
967:Arizona
953:Roswell
951:, near
894:Choo-Ha
889:Bacalar
862:Yucatan
850:Yucatan
841:Yucatán
807:Jamaica
726:Bahamas
717:, near
698:, near
601:Xibalba
473:catfish
469:guppies
465:mollies
365:density
357:aquifer
244:Choo-Ha
140:bedrock
18:Cenotes
7533:
7305:Silfra
7091:Cenote
6974:YO-257
6968:Yancey
6863:Vienna
6856:Vernon
6816:U-1195
6747:Tobruk
6704:Thesis
6697:Tarpon
6624:Stella
6579:USCGC
6557:Scylla
6533:Schurz
6472:Sakawa
6450:Safari
6431:Russia
6321:Regina
6306:Rankin
6298:Radaas
6206:USCGC
6068:Oceana
6043:Norman
6012:Nagato
5926:Mohawk
5918:Miztec
5911:Mizpah
5855:USCGC
5790:Maloja
5770:(scow)
5665:Lamson
5608:Kyarra
5401:Hobart
5364:Hesper
5349:Hermes
5218:Ghurka
5029:Emmons
4836:Coogee
4735:Cayuga
4583:Blenny
4475:Arctic
4461:Aquila
4447:Apogon
4389:Algoma
4355:Aeolus
4196:Tulagi
3652:Ko Tao
3488:Anilao
3466:Akumal
3328:Caving
3250:Grotto
2864:Tunnel
2849:Quarry
2759:Bunker
2646:Warren
2569:Cenote
2527:Grotto
2495:Burrow
2480:Alcove
2150:Spring
2063:Cenote
1986:Diving
1981:Caving
1939:topics
1860:
1850:
1818:
1808:
1772:13 May
1746:13 May
1703:. 2015
1701:UNESCO
1581:
1415:
1407:
1380:Nature
1355:
1243:
976:Austin
902:Zaci,
846:Ik Kil
817:Mexico
794:Greece
751:Canada
739:Belize
547:, was
443:Grutas
271:Samulá
240:Mexico
229:Mexico
201:Europe
185:cenote
47:cenote
6988:Yukon
6809:U-352
6681:Tahoe
6603:Sport
6573:Sidon
6515:HMCS
6463:HMCS
6374:Rondo
6337:Rhone
6161:Perth
6131:Panay
6098:Ozone
6076:Onoko
6033:HMCS
6028:(tug)
5841:Mendi
5834:Meigs
5798:Maori
5783:Maine
5736:HMCS
5491:HMAS
5483:HMAS
5475:HMAS
5467:HMAS
5427:Indra
5419:Igara
5318:Haven
5255:HMAS
5179:USNS
5171:SATS
4983:Eagle
4951:Duane
4914:Dania
4821:Comet
4783:ROCS
4657:Byron
4613:Breda
4598:Booya
4382:Algol
4086:sites
3822:Utila
3112:Types
2814:Fogou
2732:Types
2574:Karst
2473:Types
2178:River
2120:Ponor
2073:Foiba
2015:Karst
1998:Fauna
1726:(PDF)
1550:(PDF)
1539:(PDF)
1435:(PDF)
1413:S2CID
1375:(PDF)
1307:(PDF)
1296:(PDF)
1050:Karst
980:Texas
671:Tulum
628:Chaac
605:Chaac
577:skull
481:frogs
409:Types
294:ponds
248:Tulum
189:karst
131:, or
6895:HMS
6802:U-40
6656:Swan
6638:HMS
6581:Spar
6547:USS
6531:USS
6423:Rozi
6365:USS
6327:HMS
6304:USS
6251:HMS
6183:USS
5987:USS
5909:USS
5878:USS
5663:USS
5584:USS
5537:Jura
5425:USS
5393:Hood
5385:Home
5347:HMS
5224:USS
5095:Fifi
5027:USS
4888:Curb
4873:Cuba
4568:Bibb
4367:Ajax
3620:Haql
2889:Well
2834:Mine
2594:Nest
2517:Cave
2198:and
2173:Lake
2160:Sump
2103:Mine
1937:Cave
1858:OCLC
1848:ISBN
1816:OCLC
1806:ISBN
1792:RAE
1774:2016
1748:2016
1709:2015
1612:help
1592:2011
1579:ISBN
1558:2011
1522:2011
1491:2011
1451:2011
1405:PMID
1353:PMID
1241:ISBN
1172:Time
1149:2010
944:Ohio
898:Coba
589:Maya
555:and
523:and
479:and
477:eels
343:and
269:The
219:The
193:Cuba
152:Maya
6910:PS
6784:Tui
6646:SS
6630:SS
6563:SS
6523:SS
6485:SS
6429:SS
6357:SS
6319:SS
6221:SS
6198:SS
6167:SS
6137:SS
6129:SS
6123:P31
6116:P29
6074:SS
6041:SS
5971:SS
5955:SS
5947:SS
5901:SS
5893:SS
5870:SS
5847:MV
5809:SS
5759:SS
5694:SS
5679:SS
5655:SS
5632:PS
5569:PS
5554:SS
5528:SS
5513:SS
5441:SS
5433:SS
5362:SS
5332:MT
5324:SS
5316:MT
5292:MV
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5232:SS
5194:SS
5124:SS
5116:SS
5067:SS
5059:SS
5051:SS
5035:SS
5014:Elk
5004:SS
4996:SS
2599:Bee
2300:Vug
1654:doi
1397:doi
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1345:doi
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1111:or
994:in
238:in
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