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1206: 1186: 1639: 1234: 1216: 1196: 361:. The Assyrian Church of the East does not use the word "orthodox" in any of its service books or official correspondence, nor does it use any word which can be translated as "correct faith" or "correct doctrine," the rough translation of "orthodox". The adjectives "holy," "catholic," and "apostolic" were officially added to the Assyrian Church of the East's title in conformance with the 260:. At the end of the sixth or beginning of the seventh century, the Georgian catholicos asserted his independence and accepted Eastern Orthodoxy. Henceforward the Georgian Church underwent the same evolutions as the Greek. In 1783 Georgia was forced to abolish the office of its catholicos, and place itself under the 264:
of Russia, to which country it was united politically in 1801. The Albanian catholicos remained loyal to the Armenian Church, with the exception of a brief schism towards the end of the sixth century. Shortly afterwards, Albania was assimilated partly with Armenia and partly with Georgia. There is no
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presides over the Supreme Spiritual Council of the Armenian Apostolic Church and is the head of the world's 7 million Armenian Apostolic Christians. The primacy of honour of the Catholicosate of Etchmiadzin has always been recognized by the Catholicosate of Cilicia.
369:." In this context, "holy" refers to being set apart for a purely sacred purpose; "apostolic" means founded by one of Jesus's own apostles; and "catholic" is the Greek word for "universal," indicating a worldwide church. In India, it is more often called the 1359:, who was originally the head of the Syriac Orthodox Christian community in Persia. This office ranked second in the Syriac Orthodox church hierarchy after the Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch, until it was abolished in 1860 and reinstated in the 199:, in the 4th century while still under the Patriarchate of Antioch. Among the Armenians, catholicos was originally a simple title for the principal bishop of the country; he was subordinate to the See of Caesarea in Cappadocia. 269:, also bears the title of catholicos, but, although this name may have been applied to him by analogy, there is, to our knowledge, no authority for asserting that this title is used by the Abyssinian Church itself. 381:, though the church itself considers the term pejorative and argues that this association is incorrect. The church declares that no other church has suffered as many martyrdoms as the Assyrian Church of the East. 1835:"Major Arch Bishop Alencheril Mar Giwargis II Bava-The Patriarch of Syro Malabar Church and the Gate of All India- A Discussion on the Historical Hierarchical Status of the Church of Saint Thomas Christians" 256:) were converted to Christianity, and the principal bishop of each of these countries bore the title of catholicos, although neither of them was autocephalous. They followed the Armenians in rejecting the 1566:
He is referred to as catholicos of the Syro Malankara Catholic Church. In this context, the use of the title "Catholicos" indicates parity between him and his peers in the autocephalous
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Until the 19th century, there were also two other high-ranking Armenian clergymen who held the title of catholicos: the Catholicos of Albania (also known as the Catholicos of
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at St. Mark's Cathedral in Cairo on 28 June 1959. The title is "Patriarch and Catholicos of Ethiopia, Ichege of the See of St. Tekle Haymanot, Archbishop of Axum".
1834: 1154: 1262: 2062: 1403: 164: 1867: 139:; it is still used in two successor churches, the Assyrian Church of the East and the Ancient Church of the East, the heads of which are known as 1483: 841: 1816: 1414:. He is currently the 9th catholicos of the East since it was relocated to India and 92nd Primate on the Apostolic throne of Saint Thomas. 1304: 291: 242: 223: 1722:"Dispersion History and the Polycentric Nation։ The Role of Simeon Yerevantsi's Girk or Koči partavčar in the 18th Century Nation Revival" 1209: 1704: 1649: 654: 1219: 265:
mention of any catholicos in Albania after the seventh century. It is asserted by some that the head of the Abyssinian Church, the
2072: 1255: 609: 143:. In the Armenian Church there are two catholicoi: the supreme catholicos of Ejmiadzin and the catholicos of Cilicia. The title 1940: 1913: 1680: 1069: 104:, "whole"), meaning "concerning the whole, universal, general"; it originally designated a financial or civil office in the 1987: 1423: 1104: 1199: 446: 136: 1427: 1248: 613: 541: 1378:
headquartered at Puthencruz near Kochi in Kerala is an integral branch of Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch headed by
334:. It traces its origins to the See of Seleucia-Ctesiphon in central Mesopotamia, which tradition holds was founded by 2038: 2014: 1973: 578: 546: 1571: 1567: 1399: 1375: 622: 526: 176: 1777: 1508: 1284:
there are two catholicoi: the supreme catholicos of Etchmiadzin and the catholicos of Cilicia. The Catholicos of
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An Introduction to the History of the Assyrian Church or The Church of the Sassanid Persian Empire 100-640 A.D.
1531: 1004: 1411: 762: 640: 600: 234: 914: 1799:"List of patriarchs, other Christian leaders who gathered with Pope Francis in Bari | News Headlines" 1798: 1539: 1189: 477: 429: 317: 192: 1753: 1557: 1119: 757: 425: 400:: his main Christological work is called the 'Book of the Union', and in it Babai teaches that the two 1543: 1447: 1340: 792: 693: 605: 521: 196: 128: 124: 2067: 1959: 1496: 1459: 974: 964: 698: 454: 366: 335: 132: 1395: 954: 890: 728: 678: 664: 569: 358: 120: 1515: 1903: 1575: 1507:, whose leader was initially styled Major Metropolitan and Catholicos and later Patriarch (see 1407: 1352: 1064: 1034: 817: 812: 807: 718: 708: 618: 596: 574: 565: 516: 511: 389: 370: 172: 160: 1670: 2024: 1654: 1129: 733: 713: 703: 50:
and, in some cases, it is the title of the head of an autonomous church. The word comes from
1930: 1701: 1410:. The church is based at Devalokam near Kottayam in Kerala. As of 2021, the current head is 1983: 1519: 1481:
is the catholicos-patriarch of the Armenian Catholic Church. His full title is officially "
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The title of catholicos is also used in the Georgian Church, whose head carries the title
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Catholicos of Etchmiadzin (Catholicos of All Armenians) of the Armenian Apostolic Church
1238: 1099: 939: 659: 531: 392:, who taught at Antioch. The normative Christology of the Assyrian church was written by 168: 1778:"His Beatitude Nerses Bedros XIX Catholicos Patriarch of Cilicia of Armenian Catholics" 1504: 1379: 1316: 1124: 1039: 1009: 861: 851: 738: 688: 485: 385: 354: 331: 211: 112: 2034: 2010: 1969: 1936: 1909: 1735: 1676: 1547: 1434:
was consecrated the first patriarch-catholicos of the Ethiopian Church by the Coptic
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is the current (as of 22 February 2012) Catholicos of the Georgian Orthodox Church.
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bishop of Selucia-Ctesiphon, Catholicos and Head over the bishops of all the Orient
39: 2009:
The Church in history. Vol. 2. Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir's Seminary Press.
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is the catholicos-patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East. One of the oldest
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that claim succession to the catholicos of the East of Selucia-Ctesiphon from the
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It is one of the three churches of the East that hold themselves distinct from
226: 1619: 2051: 1643: 1463: 1435: 984: 797: 305: 301: 148: 51: 1739: 406:(essences, or hypostases) are unmingled but everlastingly united in the one 1503:) is in full communion with the Pope. Although derived from the historical 1044: 904: 880: 752: 421: 378: 327: 296: 135:. In the Church of the East, the title was given to the church's head, the 105: 147:
is also used by the primate of the Armenian Catholic Church. In India, an
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Title used for the head of churches in some Eastern Christian traditions
1296: 989: 396:(551–628) and is clearly distinct from the accusations directed toward 339: 156: 20: 1885: 969: 397: 323: 99: 87: 75: 1849: 1901: 1721: 1642: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the 1367: 1356: 1308: 1109: 994: 875: 495: 218:
was superior to the other bishoprics and had (using a later term)
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Imperial unity and Christian divisions: The Church 450-680 A.D.
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Patriarch of Antioch. The current catholicos of the church is
407: 401: 1402:(Indian Orthodox Church) the head or primate bears the title 1360: 1089: 1019: 266: 252:
At the beginning of the fourth century, Albania and Georgia (
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texts, the term Nestorian was formally renounced in 1976 by
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is the current catholicos of the Armenian Apostolic Church.
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George Thomas Kurian; Mark A. Lamport (10 November 2016).
171:, but unequally same according to the constitution of the 1886:"Kerala Catholic Bishops' Council: Syro-Malankara Church" 1932:
Eleven Cardinals Speak: Essays from a Pastoral Viewpoint
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is the present catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia.
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churches historically use this title; for example the
1908:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 2245. 1417: 330:
churches, it is a modern successor of the historical
1989:
Synodicon orientale ou recueil de synodes nestoriens
2033:London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. 1389: 1511:), it seems to use only the title of "Patriarch". 1355:who lived in Persia began using the title for its 151:Oriental Orthodox Church and the regional head of 1905:Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States 1550:on 10 February 2005. Accordingly it is headed by 1525: 277: 272: 165:catholicos of the East and Malankara Metropolitan 2049: 1668: 1928: 1850:"THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN INDIA (fourth edition)" 311: 1509:Church of the East#Organisation and structure 1256: 468: 415: 187:The earliest ecclesiastical use of the title 1484:Catholicos-Patriarch of the House of Cilicia 1275: 1958: 1675:. Cambridge University Press. p. 931. 1672:The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian periods 1490: 1453: 1305:Catholicosate of the Great House of Cilicia 440: 1999: 1647: 1592: 1590: 1263: 1249: 435: 377:, due to its historical associations with 1965:The Church of the East: A Concise History 1669:Yar-Shater, Ehsan; Fisher, W. B. (1983). 1620:"Catholicos | Greek religious title" 1346: 367:one, holy, catholic, and apostolic church 210:, who became the designated heads of the 204:Grand metropolitans of Seleucia-Ctesiphon 2063:Eastern Christian ecclesiastical offices 1719: 1847: 1793: 1791: 1702:Official Website of the Armenian Church 1587: 384:The founders of Assyrian theology were 2050: 2023: 1982: 1848:Pallath, Prof Paul (January 1, 2019). 241:. This line of Catholicos founded the 202:Sometime later, it was adopted by the 182: 1968:. London-New York: Routledge-Curzon. 1897: 1895: 1860: 1538:in full communion with the Pope is a 373:. In the West it is often called the 214:. The first claim that the bishop of 1788: 1658:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1633: 1631: 1629: 1424:Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria 1195: 1868:"THOTTUNKAL Card. Baselios Cleemis" 1599: 1215: 447:Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia 322:As of September 13, 2021, 233:, 399 – c. 410), who organized the 163:) use this title. The first is the 137:patriarch of the Church of the East 13: 1892: 1648:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). " 1441: 1428:Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church 1418:Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church 420:As of February 20, 1972, 14: 2089: 1854:HIRS Publications, Changanacherry 1626: 1514:As of February 1, 2013, 365:, which declares, "We believe in 1637: 1572:Jacobite Syrian Christian Church 1568:Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church 1400:Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church 1390:Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church 1376:Jacobite Syrian Christian Church 1232: 1214: 1205: 1204: 1194: 1185: 1184: 623:Jacobite Syrian Christian Church 494: 177:Jacobite Syrian Christian Church 1922: 1878: 1841: 1827: 1809: 1474:, uses the title "Catholicos". 363:Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed 153:Jacobite Syrian Orthodox Church 2073:Syro-Malankara Catholic Church 1995:. Paris: Imprimerie Nationale. 1962:; Winkler, Dietmar W. (2003). 1770: 1746: 1713: 1695: 1662: 1612: 1532:Syro-Malankara Catholic Church 1526:Syro-Malankara Catholic Church 278:Autocephalous churches of East 273:Catholicos in various churches 60: 46:traditions. The title implies 1: 1935:. Ignatius Press. p. v. 1856:– via www.academia.edu. 1581: 1412:Baselios Marthoma Mathews III 1366:Today, the title is known as 763:Non-Chalcedonian Christianity 641:History of Oriental Orthodoxy 601:French Coptic Orthodox Church 235:Council of Seleucia-Ctesiphon 1574:, which remains part of the 1479:Raphaël Bedros XXI Minassian 1450:use the title "Catholicos". 1351:In the seventh century, the 408: 402: 346:in AD 33 as asserted in the 100: 88: 76: 7: 1563:Catholica Bava since 2007. 1540:major archiepiscopal church 1426:granted autocephaly to the 430:Assyrian Church of the East 338:(Tooma Shlikha) as well as 318:Assyrian Church of the East 312:Assyrian Church of the East 245:and the development of the 10: 2094: 1952: 1817:"SAKO Card. Louis Raphaël" 1353:Syriac Orthodox Christians 1120:Apostolic Church-Ordinance 758:Oriental Orthodox Theology 503:Oriental Orthodox churches 469:Oriental Orthodox Churches 426:Ancient Church of the East 416:Ancient Church of the East 315: 94: 82: 70: 64: 55: 18: 1720:Aslanian, Sebouh (2004). 1448:Eastern Catholic Churches 1276:Armenian Apostolic Church 793:Anaphora of Saint Gregory 424:is the catholicos of the 412:(personality) of Christ. 197:Armenian Apostolic Church 129:Armenian Apostolic Church 38:) is the head of certain 1929:Winfried Aymans (2015). 1782:www.armeniancatholic.org 1542:, a rank granted to the 1497:Chaldean Catholic Church 1491:Chaldean Catholic Church 1460:Armenian Catholic Church 1454:Armenian Catholic Church 975:Athanasius of Alexandria 455:Georgian Orthodox Church 441:Georgian Orthodox Church 336:Saint Thomas the Apostle 133:Georgian Orthodox Church 19:Not to be confused with 1803:www.catholicculture.org 1544:Eastern Catholic Church 1315:(historically based in 1239:Christianity portal 1005:Dioscorus of Alexandria 960:Nine Saints of Ethiopia 955:Gregory the Illuminator 891:Orthodox Tewahedo Bible 665:Saint Thomas Christians 436:Eastern Orthodox Church 428:, which split from the 2025:Wigram, William Ainger 1576:Syriac Orthodox Church 1477:As of March 14, 2022, 1408:Malankara Metropolitan 1404:Catholicos of the East 1347:Syriac Orthodox Church 1341:Catholicos of Aghtamar 1065:Gregorios Abdal Jaleel 818:Liturgy of Saint Cyril 813:Liturgy of Saint Basil 808:Liturgy of Saint James 390:Theodore of Mopsuestia 371:Chaldean Syrian Church 173:Syriac Orthodox Church 161:Syriac Orthodox Church 2078:Christian terminology 2058:Ecclesiastical titles 1984:Chabot, Jean-Baptiste 1707:July 5, 2011, at the 1655:Catholic Encyclopedia 1368:Catholicos / Maphrian 1363:of the East on 1964. 1357:catholicos / maphrian 1070:Geevarghese Gregorios 781:Anaphora & Rites: 776:Liturgy and practices 193:Bishop of Etchmiadzin 167:, and the latter the 145:catholicos-patriarchs 141:catholicos-patriarchs 1520:Patriarch of Babylon 1516:Louis Raphaël I Sako 1105:Patriarch of Antioch 672:Ecumenical Councils: 635:History and theology 560:Independent churches 258:Council of Chalcedon 237:, used the title of 80:, "generally") from 1372:Catholicos of India 1178:Links and resources 1100:Catholicos of India 940:Cyril of Alexandria 591:Autonomous churches 579:Malabar Independent 222:rights was made by 183:Origin of the title 169:catholicos of India 1522:of the Chaldeans. 1505:Church of the East 1458:The leader of the 1380:Ignatius Aphrem II 1125:Coptic monasticism 1040:Michael the Syrian 1015:Abraham of Farshut 1010:Severus of Antioch 487:Oriental Orthodoxy 386:Diodorus of Tarsus 332:Church of the East 292:Church of the East 282:The following are 243:Church of the East 212:Church of the East 113:Church of the East 1942:978-1-62164-087-5 1915:978-1-4422-4432-0 1682:978-0-521-24693-4 1605:The Motu Proprio 1548:Pope John Paul II 1394:According to the 1384:Baselios Thomas I 1273: 1272: 1140:Coonan Cross Oath 1055:Giyorgis of Segla 980:Ephrem the Syrian 537:Orthodox Tewahedo 359:Eastern Orthodoxy 348:Doctrine of Addai 294:. Referred to as 216:Selucia-Ctesiphon 117:Oriental Orthodox 44:Eastern Christian 2085: 2044: 2020: 2001:Meyendorff, John 1996: 1994: 1979: 1947: 1946: 1926: 1920: 1919: 1899: 1890: 1889: 1882: 1876: 1875: 1872:press.vatican.va 1864: 1858: 1857: 1845: 1839: 1838: 1831: 1825: 1824: 1821:press.vatican.va 1813: 1807: 1806: 1795: 1786: 1785: 1774: 1768: 1767: 1765: 1764: 1750: 1744: 1743: 1717: 1711: 1699: 1693: 1692: 1690: 1689: 1666: 1660: 1659: 1641: 1640: 1635: 1624: 1623: 1616: 1610: 1607:Cleri Sanctitati 1603: 1597: 1594: 1561:Baselios Cleemis 1552:Major Archbishop 1536:West Syriac Rite 1501:East Syriac Rite 1265: 1258: 1251: 1237: 1236: 1218: 1217: 1208: 1207: 1198: 1197: 1188: 1187: 1160:Tewahedo fasting 1115:Ethiopian titles 1030:Gregory of Narek 1025:Simon the Tanner 915:St. Thomas Cross 803:West Syriac Rite 788:Alexandrian Rite 684:Constantinople I 655:Tewahedo history 498: 488: 473: 472: 411: 405: 375:Nestorian Church 288:East Syriac Rite 247:East Syriac Rite 125:Eastern Catholic 121:Eastern Orthodox 103: 97: 96: 91: 85: 84: 79: 73: 72: 68:), derived from 67: 66: 62: 58: 57: 2093: 2092: 2088: 2087: 2086: 2084: 2083: 2082: 2068:Bishops by type 2048: 2047: 2041: 2017: 1992: 1976: 1955: 1950: 1943: 1927: 1923: 1916: 1900: 1893: 1884: 1883: 1879: 1866: 1865: 1861: 1846: 1842: 1833: 1832: 1828: 1815: 1814: 1810: 1797: 1796: 1789: 1776: 1775: 1771: 1762: 1760: 1752: 1751: 1747: 1718: 1714: 1709:Wayback Machine 1700: 1696: 1687: 1685: 1683: 1667: 1663: 1638: 1636: 1627: 1618: 1617: 1613: 1604: 1600: 1595: 1588: 1584: 1528: 1493: 1456: 1444: 1442:Catholic Church 1420: 1392: 1349: 1282:Armenian Church 1278: 1269: 1231: 1226: 1225: 1224: 1179: 1171: 1170: 1169: 1150:Fast of Nineveh 1145:Ethiopian chant 1084: 1076: 1075: 1074: 1000:Mesrop Mashtots 934: 926: 925: 924: 920:Ethiopian cross 895: 866: 832: 777: 769: 768: 767: 743: 669: 636: 628: 627: 592: 584: 583: 561: 553: 486: 471: 443: 438: 418: 394:Babai the Great 320: 314: 280: 275: 262:Most Holy Synod 185: 28: 17: 12: 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Index

Katholikon
Catholic
churches
Eastern Christian
autocephaly
ancient Greek
Roman Empire
Church of the East
Oriental Orthodox
Eastern Orthodox
Eastern Catholic
Armenian Apostolic Church
Georgian Orthodox Church
patriarch of the Church of the East
autocephalous
Jacobite Syrian Orthodox Church
autonomous
Syriac Orthodox Church
catholicos of the East and Malankara Metropolitan
catholicos of India
Syriac Orthodox Church
Jacobite Syrian Christian Church
Bishop of Etchmiadzin
Armenian Apostolic Church
Grand metropolitans of Seleucia-Ctesiphon
Persia
Church of the East
Selucia-Ctesiphon
Patriarch
Papa bar Aggai

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