2039:
644:
169:
2027:
541:
146:
1876:
2011:
833:
1887:
is hard, stiff, dense and shock resistant. There are woods stronger than hickory and woods that are harder, but the combination of strength, toughness, hardness, and stiffness found in hickory wood is not found in any other commercial wood. Hickory is therefore used in a number of items requiring
2520:
National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.).
1964:
people would produce a green dye from hickory bark, which they used to dye cloth. When this bark was mixed with maple bark, it produced a yellow dye pigment. The ashes of burnt hickory wood were traditionally used to produce a strong lye (potash) fit for
2519:
1070:
fruit fossils further support the hypothesis that the genus has long been a member of
Eastern North American landscapes, however its range has contracted and Carya is no longer extant west of the
1923:
Due to its grain structure, hickory is more susceptible to moisture absorption than other species of wood, and is therefore more prone to shrinkage, warping or swelling with changes in humidity.
2038:
1105:. Since fossil records show North America as having the largest number of Juglandaceae species, it is likely that the genus originated there and later spread to Europe and Asia.
3670:
2499:
2320:
Huang, Y.J.; Yusheng Liu; M.S. Zavada (2014). "New fossil fruits of Carya (Juglandaceae) from the latest
Miocene to earliest Pliocene in Tennessee, eastern United States".
1800:
1009:
break off infected tissue and eat the galls, possibly for the protein content or because the galls are fleshy and tasty to the squirrels. The pecan gall curculio (
2261:"Integrated Fossil and Molecular Data Reveal the Biogeographic Diversification of the Eastern Asian-Eastern North American Disjunct Hickory Genus (Carya Nutt.)"
808:
556:
2080:
2440:
Biltekin, Demet; Popescu, Speranta-Maria; Suc, Jean-Pierre; Quézel, Pierre; Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo; Yavuz, Nurdan; Çağatay, M. Namık (2015-04-01).
1005:
galls may damage weakened or stressed hickories, but are generally harmless. Deformed leaves and twigs can rain down from the tree in the spring as
3680:
3477:
3516:
688:– shellbark hickory, shagbark hickory, bigleaf shagbark hickory, kingnut, big shellbark, bottom shellbark, thick shellbark, western shellbark
3665:
3565:
2527:. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US).
2568:
3425:
2491:
2598:
3490:
3438:
1995:
cannot pollinate each other because of their self-incompatibility. Two or more cultivars must be planted together for successful
1093:
beginning 2 million years ago obliterated it from Europe. In
Anatolia, the genus appears to have disappeared only in the early
406:
is a globose or oval nut, 2–5 cm (0.8–2.0 in) long and 1.5–3 cm (0.6–1.2 in) diameter, enclosed in a four-
2714:
2532:
3495:
2546:
2357:"Preliminary investigation of a diverse megafossil floral assemblage from the middle Miocene of southern Mississippi, USA"
413:, which splits open at maturity. The nut shell is thick and bony in most species, and thin in a few, notably the pecan (
2782:
2769:
3521:
2259:
Zhang, Jing-Bo; Rui-Qi Li; Xiao-Guo Xiang; Steven R. Manchester; Li Lin; Wei Wang; Jun Wen; Zhi-Duan Chen (2013).
3464:
2791:
1980:, are regarded by some as the finest nut trees. Pecans are the most important nut tree native to North America.
3660:
2826:
3596:
2088:
1934:, as its density and high energy content make it an efficient fuel. Hickory wood is also a preferred type for
677:– pignut hickory, pignut, sweet pignut, coast pignut hickory, smoothbark hickory, swamp hickory, broom hickory
3503:
2010:
1827:
or drupaceous nuts, rather than true botanical nuts. "Tryma" is a specialized term for such nut-like drupes.
2026:
1976:
soup, while others are bitter and only suitable for animal feed. Shagbark and shellbark hickory, along with
1796:
368:. A number of hickory species are used for their edible nuts, lumber or other wood and woodcraft products .
2487:
3337:
698:
3417:
3404:
2187:
2173:
3591:
2735:
2730:
2364:
1938:
1787:
1089:
seed predation. During this time, the genus had a distribution across the
Northern Hemisphere, but the
3583:
2441:
2394:
2141:
3531:
3443:
2948:
430:
2637:
2442:"Anatolia: A long-time plant refuge area documented by pollen records over the last 23million years"
2976:
2953:
643:
46:
31:
168:
3570:
3412:
1015:) is a true weevil species also found feeding on galls of the hickory leaf stem gall phylloxera.
1671:
3557:
3399:
3290:
3251:
3048:
2656:
2393:
Orain, R.; Lebreton, V.; Ermolli, E. Russo; Combourieu-Nebout, N.; Sémah, A. -M. (2013-01-01).
2230:
1942:
458:
3482:
2704:
1619:
1101:
in North
America also contracted and it completely disappeared from the continent west of the
3552:
3246:
2395:"Carya as marker for tree refuges in southern Italy (Boiano basin) at the Middle Pleistocene"
1645:
1011:
803:
692:
17:
3544:
3373:
3268:
3129:
3070:
2921:
2879:
2453:
2406:
2274:
1697:
1658:
1019:
975:
434:
399:
8:
3675:
3174:
3054:
2874:
2576:
2258:
2214:
1799:
for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from
1710:
1212:
1202:
1090:
964:
593:
2457:
2410:
2278:
3627:
3179:
3094:
2819:
2744:
2606:
2337:
2297:
2260:
1927:
1840:
1684:
1599:
1232:
163:
2356:
1999:. Seedlings (grown from hickory nuts) will usually have sufficient genetic variation.
3539:
3360:
3075:
2943:
2901:
2862:
2765:
2710:
2686:
2538:
2528:
2469:
2422:
2302:
1935:
1847:(table). In a 100 gram (3.5 oz) reference amount, dried hickory nuts supply 657
1723:
1510:
859:
838:
615:
571:
546:
438:
2341:
503:. Several species are known to hybridize, with around nine accepted, named hybrids.
3632:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3191:
2938:
2911:
2465:
2461:
2414:
2373:
2329:
2292:
2282:
1972:
The nuts of some species are palatable and were used by
Cherokee Indians in making
1632:
1527:
968:
582:
449:, or a similar word, which may be the name for the hickory tree's nut, or may be a
372:
154:
3365:
3342:
2733:(1748). "An Account of the Preparation and Uses of the Various Kinds of Pot-Ash".
1920:
sticks. Hickory was also extensively used for the construction of early aircraft.
3328:
3228:
3119:
3099:
3041:
3026:
2906:
2889:
2867:
2418:
2287:
1860:
1102:
1071:
918:
813:
785:
681:
659:
379:
315:
206:
135:
50:
3508:
714:– red hickory, spicebark hickory, sweet pignut hickory (treated as a synonym of
3655:
3619:
2916:
2522:
1901:
848:
604:
504:
407:
299:
193:
2202:
1823:
family grow within an outer husk; these fruits are sometimes considered to be
3685:
3649:
3313:
3161:
3124:
3114:
2812:
2690:
2473:
2426:
1953:
1905:
1386:
1376:
1316:
1192:
1158:
1078:
953:
881:
763:
262:
99:
2354:
997:
and have a similarly complex life cycle. Eggs hatch in early spring and the
993:) also uses the hickory tree as a food source. Phylloxeridae are related to
3609:
3196:
3088:
3016:
2933:
2542:
2306:
2109:
1909:
1893:
1836:
1820:
1736:
1144:
774:
707:
670:
649:
492:
307:
252:
2486:
3451:
3352:
3322:
3036:
2844:
2835:
2786:
images at the Arnold
Arboretum of Harvard University Plant Image Database
2355:
McNair, D.M.; D.Z. Stults; B. Axsmith; M.H. Alford; J.E. Starnes (2019).
1996:
1984:
1957:
1949:, as hickory grows abundantly in the region and adds flavor to the meat.
1852:
1128:
911:
902:
898:
726:
540:
517:
470:
418:
383:
74:
360:), as many as twelve are native to the United States, four are found in
3430:
3236:
3216:
3154:
3141:
2991:
1966:
1856:
1809:
Some fruits are borderline and difficult to categorize. Hickory nuts (
1544:
1493:
1296:
1266:
1246:
1081:
show simpler, thinner shells than modern species with the exception of
1047:
1039:
988:
943:
929:
799:
496:
450:
395:
272:
145:
119:
84:
2748:
2333:
344:, which includes around 18 species. Five or six species are native to
3456:
3386:
3241:
3167:
3104:
3060:
2981:
2392:
1875:
1864:
1577:
1466:
1356:
1256:
1063:
376:
349:
124:
68:
42:
3284:
832:
3604:
3307:
3258:
3186:
3082:
2928:
2896:
2884:
2265:
1992:
1988:
1961:
1946:
1931:
1913:
1476:
1346:
1326:
1094:
1006:
282:
219:
114:
109:
94:
89:
79:
38:
3391:
1916:; however, it is replacing ash as the wood of choice for Scottish
417:); it is divided into two halves, which split apart when the seed
3469:
3273:
3006:
3001:
2681:
Knight, Oliver (1956–57), "History of the
Cherokees, 1830–1846",
2378:
2319:
1973:
1912:
were formerly made of hickory, but are now more commonly made of
1848:
1815:
1446:
1406:
1396:
1366:
1306:
1276:
1055:
500:
242:
129:
104:
3263:
3109:
3065:
3011:
2996:
2986:
2971:
2060:
1917:
1560:
1416:
1336:
1286:
1086:
1043:
487:
391:
387:
365:
361:
232:
3378:
37:"Carya" redirects here. For the archaic nut-tree goddess, see
3578:
3149:
3031:
2963:
2857:
2852:
2055:
1977:
1897:
1824:
1097:, probably related to human disturbance. The distribution of
1082:
994:
870:
403:
357:
353:
345:
336:
180:
1085:, suggesting that the trees gradually developed defenses to
2685:, Oklahoma City: Oklahoma Historical Society, p. 164,
1889:
1884:
998:
410:
332:
2709:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 283–284.
2513:
2492:"Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels"
1844:
1178:
2439:
2804:
950:), whose caterpillars are known as hickory horn-devils
3671:
Native
American cuisine of the Southeastern Woodlands
703:– nutmeg hickory, swamp hickory, bitter water hickory
753:– southern shagbark hickory, Carolina hickory (syn.
41:. For the walnut tree nymph in Greek mythology, see
1066:strata 34 million years ago. Recent discoveries of
2524:Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium
45:. For the other mythical figure of that name, see
2399:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
2348:
1609:
1456:
3647:
2799:Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University website.
491:in the Lecythidaceae) is in the walnut family,
49:. For the town of ancient Arcadia, Greece, see
2627:Important Trees of Eastern Forests, USDA, 1974
2480:
1123:Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
1050:. Fossil and molecular data suggest the genus
2820:
563:– Dabie Shan hickory (may be synonymous with
476:
1851:, and are a rich source (20% or more of the
1001:quickly form around the developing insects.
1960:, with a slightly bitter, smoky taste. The
1956:is also used in an edible syrup similar to
626:
2827:
2813:
2488:United States Food and Drug Administration
144:
2680:
2596:
2377:
2313:
2296:
2286:
2729:
2252:
1874:
831:
642:
539:
2702:
2638:"Shrinking, Warping and Perfect Boards"
1029:
986:The hickory leaf stem gall phylloxera (
897:Hickory is used as a food plant by the
499:, this family is included in the order
14:
3681:Plants used in Native American cuisine
3648:
2648:
2136:
2134:
511:) is a species formerly classified as
3289:
3288:
2808:
2569:"Identification of Major Fruit Types"
2566:
2446:Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology
2169:
2167:
1835:Dried hickory nuts are 3% water, 18%
3584:BE0E87A3-897D-2656-8149-152CEBA84C34
3532:195b9dab-6483-4c7e-b11f-daef2f5cfa28
2322:Journal of Systematics and Evolution
515:, but now considered its own genus,
453:made from such nuts. The genus name
2208:
2195:
2131:
24:
3666:Extant Oligocene first appearances
2654:
2181:
2164:
1926:Hickory is also highly prized for
524:
429:The name "hickory" derives from a
25:
3697:
2776:
2762:Trees of North America and Europe
2597:Armstrong, W.P. (15 March 2009).
2215:USDA Plants Database Profile for
1952:An extract from shagbark hickory
1945:, hickory is popular for cooking
1034:The oldest fossils attributed to
3597:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331465-2
2764:. Random House, Inc., New York.
2037:
2025:
2009:
1054:may have diversified during the
364:, and two to four are native to
167:
72:
2723:
2696:
2674:
2630:
2621:
2590:
2560:
2549:from the original on 2024-05-09
2502:from the original on 2024-03-27
2433:
2386:
2032:Ripe hickory nuts ready to fall
855:– bitter pecan or water hickory
2466:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2014.12.004
2223:
2102:
2073:
1026:) is also found on hickories.
13:
1:
2201:Online Etymology Dictionary,
2152:. Royal Botanical Gardens Kew
2066:
2016:Comparison of North American
1879:Finished hickory in a cabinet
1133:2,749 kJ (657 kcal)
394:produced in spring. They are
2657:"Hickories- Economic Botany"
2419:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.10.037
2288:10.1371/journal.pone.0070449
1830:
1795:Percentages estimated using
755:C. carolinae-septentrionalis
424:
7:
2661:aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu
2241:. Missouri Botanical Garden
2120:. Missouri Botanical Garden
2049:
1788:Link to USDA Database entry
743:– northern shagbark hickory
10:
3702:
2736:Philosophical Transactions
2365:Palaeontologia Electronica
2150:Plants of the World Online
2002:
1983:When cultivated for their
1888:these properties, such as
892:
792:– mockernut hickory (syn.
768:(Ashe) Engl. & Graebn.
477:Species and classification
462:
36:
29:
3297:
3227:
3140:
2962:
2842:
2706:The Five Civilized Tribes
1794:
1784:
1780:
1772:
1760:
1756:
1748:
1735:
1722:
1709:
1696:
1683:
1670:
1657:
1644:
1631:
1618:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1576:
1559:
1543:
1526:
1509:
1492:
1475:
1465:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1429:
1425:
1415:
1405:
1395:
1385:
1375:
1365:
1355:
1345:
1335:
1325:
1315:
1305:
1295:
1285:
1275:
1265:
1255:
1245:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1211:
1201:
1191:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1157:
1141:
1137:
1127:
1122:
587:W.C.Cheng & R.H.Chang
485:(not to be confused with
441:). It is a shortening of
313:
306:
164:Scientific classification
162:
152:
143:
60:
3252:Queensland macadamia nut
2834:
2174:Flora of North America:
1108:
969:Catocala neogama neogama
905:species. These include:
627:North American hickories
390:are small, yellow-green
47:Carya (daughter of Dion)
32:Hickory (disambiguation)
2703:Foreman, Grant (1934).
1870:
1797:US recommendations
3049:Johnstone River almond
2683:Chronicles of Oklahoma
1943:Southern United States
1880:
1801:the National Academies
923:Euproctis chrysorrhoea
843:
654:
551:
3661:Edible nuts and seeds
3553:Paleobiology Database
2977:Australian cashew nut
2801:Accessed 26 May 2020.
2644:. Lignomat. May 2013.
2231:"Subordinate Taxa of
1878:
1431:Vitamins and minerals
1012:Conotrachelus elegans
835:
804:Carya washingtonensis
693:Carya myristiciformis
646:
543:
331:is a common name for
1991:) trees of the same
1867:at 220% DV (table).
1030:Evolutionary history
1020:banded hickory borer
976:Hickory tussock moth
640:– typical hickories
622:– Vietnamese hickory
557:Carya dabieshanensis
509:Annamocarya sinensis
30:For other uses, see
3055:Irvingia gabonensis
2458:2015RPaPa.215....1B
2411:2013PPP...369..295O
2279:2013PLoSO...870449Z
1928:wood-burning stoves
1528:Pantothenic acid (B
1119:
1091:Pleistocene Ice Age
1042:pollen grains from
965:nominate subspecies
871:Carya illinoinensis
866:– bitternut hickory
842:(bitternut hickory)
733:– shagbark hickory
611:– Poilane's hickory
594:Carya kweichowensis
435:Algonquian language
3212:Single-leaf pinyon
2790:Damery, Jonathan.
2609:on 7 November 2021
1881:
1762:Other constituents
1113:
948:Citheronia regalis
844:
655:
598:Kuang & A.M.Lu
552:
158:Accession 29-U-10
3643:
3642:
3540:Open Tree of Life
3291:Taxon identifiers
3282:
3281:
3180:Monkey-puzzle nut
3042:Shellbark hickory
3027:Mockernut hickory
2987:Borneo tallow nut
2716:978-0-8061-0923-7
2534:978-0-309-48834-1
2334:10.1111/jse.12085
1855:, DV) of several
1807:
1806:
1752:
1751:
1077:Fossils of early
980:Lophocampa caryae
958:Amorpha juglandis
888:– Mexican hickory
887:
876:
875:(Wangenh.) K.Koch
865:
864:(Wangenh.) K.Koch
860:Carya cordiformis
854:
839:Carya cordiformis
811:
791:
780:
769:
732:
713:
702:
687:
676:
665:
621:
616:Carya tonkinensis
610:
600:– Guizhou hickory
599:
588:
578:– Chinese hickory
577:
572:Carya cathayensis
562:
550:(Chinese hickory)
547:Carya cathayensis
400:self-incompatible
326:
325:
302:
16:(Redirected from
3693:
3636:
3635:
3623:
3622:
3613:
3612:
3600:
3599:
3587:
3586:
3574:
3573:
3561:
3560:
3548:
3547:
3535:
3534:
3525:
3524:
3512:
3511:
3509:NHMSYS0000456961
3499:
3498:
3486:
3485:
3473:
3472:
3460:
3459:
3447:
3446:
3434:
3433:
3421:
3420:
3408:
3407:
3395:
3394:
3382:
3381:
3369:
3368:
3356:
3355:
3346:
3345:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3318:
3317:
3316:
3286:
3285:
3037:Shagbark hickory
2939:Malabar chestnut
2829:
2822:
2815:
2806:
2805:
2760:Philips, Roger.
2753:
2752:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2652:
2646:
2645:
2634:
2628:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2605:. Archived from
2603:www2.palomar.edu
2594:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2575:. Archived from
2573:www2.palomar.edu
2567:Armstrong, W.P.
2564:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2437:
2431:
2430:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2361:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2300:
2290:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2227:
2221:
2212:
2206:
2199:
2193:
2188:Flora of China:
2185:
2179:
2171:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2138:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2087:. Archived from
2077:
2041:
2029:
2013:
1861:dietary minerals
1613:
1564:
1548:
1531:
1514:
1497:
1480:
1460:
1427:
1426:
1120:
1112:
1062:first appear in
1024:Knulliana cincta
885:
874:
863:
853:(F.Michx.) Nutt.
852:
807:
789:
778:
767:
730:
712:(Wangenh.) Sarg.
711:
696:
685:
674:
663:
619:
608:
597:
586:
583:Carya hunanensis
575:
560:
464:
415:C. illinoinensis
373:temperate forest
298:
172:
171:
155:Morton Arboretum
148:
134:
71:
64:Temporal range:
58:
57:
21:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3690:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3639:
3631:
3626:
3618:
3616:
3608:
3603:
3595:
3590:
3582:
3577:
3569:
3564:
3556:
3551:
3543:
3538:
3530:
3528:
3520:
3515:
3507:
3502:
3494:
3489:
3481:
3476:
3468:
3463:
3455:
3450:
3442:
3437:
3429:
3424:
3416:
3411:
3403:
3398:
3390:
3385:
3377:
3372:
3364:
3359:
3351:
3349:
3341:
3336:
3327:
3326:
3321:
3312:
3311:
3306:
3293:
3283:
3278:
3223:
3197:Colorado pinyon
3136:
2958:
2838:
2833:
2779:
2757:
2756:
2728:
2724:
2717:
2701:
2697:
2679:
2675:
2665:
2663:
2653:
2649:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2626:
2622:
2612:
2610:
2595:
2591:
2582:
2580:
2565:
2561:
2552:
2550:
2535:
2518:
2514:
2505:
2503:
2485:
2481:
2438:
2434:
2391:
2387:
2359:
2353:
2349:
2318:
2314:
2257:
2253:
2244:
2242:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2213:
2209:
2203:entry "hickory"
2200:
2196:
2186:
2182:
2172:
2165:
2155:
2153:
2140:
2139:
2132:
2123:
2121:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2094:
2092:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2052:
2045:
2042:
2033:
2030:
2021:
2014:
2005:
1873:
1833:
1813:) and walnuts (
1790:
1785:
1743:
1730:
1717:
1704:
1691:
1678:
1665:
1652:
1639:
1626:
1614:
1584:
1571:
1562:
1554:
1546:
1538:
1529:
1521:
1512:
1504:
1495:
1487:
1478:
1461:
1432:
1241:
1236:
1213:Polyunsaturated
1203:Monounsaturated
1187:
1182:
1153:
1148:
1111:
1103:Rocky Mountains
1072:Rocky Mountains
1032:
935:C. laticornella
919:Brown-tail moth
895:
814:Kittitas County
786:Carya tomentosa
781:– black hickory
682:Carya laciniosa
666:– scrub hickory
660:Carya floridana
653:(black hickory)
629:
589:– Hunan hickory
527:
525:Asian hickories
479:
431:Native American
427:
396:wind-pollinated
380:compound leaves
322:
319:
316:Carya tomentosa
297:
166:
157:
139:
136:Late Cretaceous
133:
132:
127:
122:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
66:
65:
62:
54:
51:Carya (Arcadia)
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3699:
3689:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3637:
3633:wfo-4000006851
3624:
3614:
3601:
3588:
3575:
3562:
3549:
3536:
3526:
3513:
3500:
3487:
3474:
3461:
3448:
3435:
3422:
3409:
3396:
3383:
3370:
3357:
3347:
3334:
3319:
3303:
3301:
3295:
3294:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3239:
3233:
3231:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3207:Mexican pinyon
3204:
3199:
3194:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3177:
3164:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3146:
3144:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3127:
3125:English walnut
3122:
3117:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3085:
3080:
3079:
3078:
3073:
3071:Planted karuka
3063:
3058:
3051:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2968:
2966:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2956:
2951:
2949:Red bopple nut
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2912:European hazel
2909:
2904:
2902:American hazel
2894:
2893:
2892:
2890:Sweet chestnut
2882:
2877:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2868:European beech
2865:
2863:American beech
2855:
2849:
2847:
2845:botanical nuts
2840:
2839:
2832:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2788:
2778:
2777:External links
2775:
2774:
2773:
2755:
2754:
2731:Mitchell, John
2722:
2715:
2695:
2673:
2655:Grauke, L. J.
2647:
2629:
2620:
2589:
2559:
2533:
2512:
2479:
2432:
2385:
2347:
2328:(4): 508–520.
2312:
2251:
2222:
2207:
2194:
2180:
2163:
2130:
2101:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2044:Autumn foliage
2043:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2024:
2022:
2015:
2008:
2004:
2001:
1941:meats. In the
1902:walking sticks
1872:
1869:
1832:
1829:
1805:
1804:
1792:
1791:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1769:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1650:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1608:
1603:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1567:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1550:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1534:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1517:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1500:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1483:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1463:
1462:
1455:
1450:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1155:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1114:Hickory nuts (
1110:
1107:
1031:
1028:
984:
983:
973:
961:
951:
941:
933:case-bearers,
926:
916:
894:
891:
890:
889:
878:
867:
856:
849:Carya aquatica
818:
817:
797:
782:
771:
770:– sand hickory
760:
759:
758:
744:
731:(Mill.) K.Koch
723:
720:Flora N. Amer.
704:
689:
686:(Mill.) K.Koch
678:
667:
628:
625:
624:
623:
612:
605:Carya poilanei
601:
590:
579:
568:
565:C. cathayensis
526:
523:
513:Carya sinensis
505:Beaked hickory
478:
475:
426:
423:
371:Hickories are
335:composing the
324:
323:
320:
311:
310:
304:
303:
290:
286:
285:
280:
276:
275:
270:
266:
265:
260:
256:
255:
250:
246:
245:
240:
236:
235:
230:
223:
222:
217:
210:
209:
204:
197:
196:
191:
184:
183:
178:
174:
173:
160:
159:
150:
149:
141:
140:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
63:
27:Genus of trees
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3698:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3634:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3615:
3611:
3606:
3602:
3598:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3580:
3576:
3572:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3554:
3550:
3546:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3527:
3523:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3348:
3344:
3339:
3335:
3330:
3324:
3320:
3315:
3309:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3287:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3247:Macadamia nut
3245:
3244:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3226:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3192:Chilgoza pine
3190:
3189:
3188:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3156:
3155:Burrawang nut
3153:
3152:
3151:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3139:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3056:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3002:Chilean hazel
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2955:
2954:Yellow walnut
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2895:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2841:
2837:
2830:
2825:
2823:
2818:
2816:
2811:
2810:
2807:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2781:
2780:
2771:
2770:0-394-50259-0
2767:
2763:
2759:
2758:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2726:
2718:
2712:
2708:
2707:
2699:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2677:
2662:
2658:
2651:
2643:
2639:
2633:
2624:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2593:
2579:on 2018-02-19
2578:
2574:
2570:
2563:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2526:
2525:
2516:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2483:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2436:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2389:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2366:
2358:
2351:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2316:
2308:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2273:(7): e70449.
2272:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2255:
2240:
2236:
2234:
2226:
2220:
2218:
2211:
2204:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2184:
2178:
2177:
2170:
2168:
2151:
2147:
2145:
2137:
2135:
2119:
2115:
2113:
2105:
2091:on 2023-08-11
2090:
2086:
2082:
2076:
2072:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2040:
2035:
2028:
2023:
2019:
2012:
2007:
2006:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1968:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1910:Baseball bats
1907:
1906:wood flooring
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1886:
1877:
1868:
1866:
1863:, especially
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1837:carbohydrates
1828:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1802:
1798:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1747:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1649:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1568:
1566:
1558:
1551:
1549:
1542:
1535:
1533:
1525:
1518:
1516:
1508:
1501:
1499:
1494:Riboflavin (B
1491:
1484:
1482:
1474:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1388:
1387:Glutamic acid
1384:
1380:
1378:
1377:Aspartic acid
1374:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1318:
1317:Phenylalanine
1314:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1160:
1159:Dietary fiber
1156:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1145:Carbohydrates
1140:
1136:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
990:
981:
977:
974:
971:
970:
966:
962:
959:
955:
954:Walnut sphinx
952:
949:
945:
942:
940:
936:
932:
931:
927:
924:
920:
917:
914:
913:
908:
907:
906:
904:
900:
884:
883:
882:Carya palmeri
879:
873:
872:
868:
862:
861:
857:
851:
850:
846:
845:
841:
840:
834:
830:
828:
827:
823:
815:
812:– Miocene of
810:
806:
805:
801:
798:
795:
790:(Poir.) Nutt.
788:
787:
783:
777:
776:
772:
766:
765:
764:Carya pallida
761:
756:
752:
748:
745:
742:
738:
735:
734:
729:
728:
724:
721:
717:
710:
709:
705:
700:
695:
694:
690:
684:
683:
679:
675:(Mill.) Sweet
673:
672:
668:
662:
661:
657:
656:
652:
651:
645:
641:
639:
638:
634:
618:
617:
613:
607:
606:
602:
596:
595:
591:
585:
584:
580:
574:
573:
569:
566:
559:
558:
554:
553:
549:
548:
542:
538:
537:
536:
532:
522:
520:
519:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
489:
484:
474:
472:
468:
460:
459:Ancient Greek
456:
452:
448:
444:
443:pockerchicory
440:
436:
432:
422:
420:
416:
412:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
378:
374:
369:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
342:
338:
334:
330:
321:(Poir.) Nutt.
318:
317:
312:
309:
305:
301:
296:
295:
291:
288:
287:
284:
281:
278:
277:
274:
271:
268:
267:
264:
263:Juglandoideae
261:
258:
257:
254:
251:
248:
247:
244:
241:
238:
237:
234:
231:
228:
225:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
211:
208:
205:
202:
199:
198:
195:
194:Tracheophytes
192:
189:
186:
185:
182:
179:
176:
175:
170:
165:
161:
156:
151:
147:
142:
137:
131:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
70:
59:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
3298:
3259:Paradise nut
3166:
3115:Black walnut
3089:Panda oleosa
3087:
3053:
3021:
2907:Beaked hazel
2798:
2796:Collection."
2793:
2783:
2761:
2740:
2734:
2725:
2705:
2698:
2682:
2676:
2664:. Retrieved
2660:
2650:
2641:
2632:
2623:
2613:19 September
2611:. Retrieved
2607:the original
2602:
2599:"Nut Photos"
2592:
2581:. Retrieved
2577:the original
2572:
2562:
2551:. Retrieved
2523:
2515:
2504:. Retrieved
2495:
2482:
2449:
2445:
2435:
2402:
2398:
2388:
2379:10.26879/906
2369:
2363:
2350:
2325:
2321:
2315:
2270:
2264:
2254:
2243:. Retrieved
2238:
2232:
2225:
2216:
2210:
2197:
2189:
2183:
2175:
2154:. Retrieved
2149:
2143:
2122:. Retrieved
2117:
2111:
2104:
2093:. Retrieved
2089:the original
2084:
2075:
2017:
1982:
1971:
1951:
1925:
1922:
1882:
1834:
1821:Juglandaceae
1814:
1810:
1808:
1766:
1761:
1610:
1605:
1598:
1457:
1452:
1445:
1231:
1177:
1143:
1118:spp.), dried
1115:
1098:
1079:hickory nuts
1076:
1067:
1059:
1051:
1035:
1033:
1023:
1017:
1010:
1002:
991:caryaecaulis
987:
985:
979:
967:
957:
947:
938:
934:
928:
922:
910:
896:
886:W.E. Manning
880:
869:
858:
847:
837:
825:
821:
820:
819:
816:, Washington
802:
793:
784:
775:Carya texana
773:
762:
754:
750:
746:
740:
736:
725:
719:
715:
708:Carya ovalis
706:
691:
680:
671:Carya glabra
669:
658:
650:Carya texana
648:
636:
632:
631:
630:
614:
603:
592:
581:
570:
564:
555:
545:
534:
530:
529:
528:
516:
512:
508:
493:Juglandaceae
486:
482:
480:
466:
454:
446:
442:
428:
414:
370:
340:
339:
328:
327:
314:
308:Type species
293:
292:
253:Juglandaceae
226:
213:
200:
187:
67:85.8–0
55:
3452:iNaturalist
3323:Wikispecies
3269:Peanut tree
3229:Angiosperms
3202:Korean pine
3142:Gymnosperms
3076:Wild karuka
2922:Asian hazel
2642:LignomatUSA
2405:: 295–302.
2085:Fossilworks
1997:pollination
1958:maple syrup
1853:Daily Value
1477:Thiamine (B
963:The bride (
944:Regal moths
912:Actias luna
909:Luna moth (
903:Lepidoptera
836:Foliage of
727:Carya ovata
518:Annamocarya
469:, meaning "
451:milky drink
433:word in an
375:trees with
259:Subfamily:
207:Angiosperms
153:Hickory at
3676:Plant dyes
3650:Categories
3237:Brazil nut
3217:Stone pine
3162:Ginkgo nut
2992:Breadfruit
2583:2022-09-19
2553:2024-06-21
2506:2024-03-28
2245:2009-10-19
2124:2009-10-19
2095:2022-05-05
2067:References
1987:, clonal (
1967:soapmaking
1857:B vitamins
1843:, and 64%
1685:Phosphorus
1297:Methionine
1267:Isoleucine
1247:Tryptophan
1048:New Mexico
1040:Cretaceous
1003:Phylloxera
989:Phylloxera
939:C. ostryae
930:Coleophora
809:Manchester
497:APG system
481:The genus
447:pocohicora
419:germinates
386:. Hickory
382:and large
279:Subtribe:
273:Juglandeae
138:- present
3242:Macadamia
3175:Bunya nut
3168:Araucaria
3120:Butternut
3105:Pistachio
3095:Pekea nut
3017:Gabon nut
2982:Betel nut
2934:Kurrajong
2880:Candlenut
2843:True, or
2691:647927893
2474:0034-6667
2427:0031-0182
2219:(hickory)
2081:""Carya""
1932:chimineas
1892:handles,
1865:manganese
1831:Nutrition
1819:) in the
1698:Potassium
1672:Manganese
1659:Magnesium
1578:Vitamin C
1561:Folate (B
1545:Vitamin B
1511:Niacin (B
1467:Vitamin A
1357:Histidine
1257:Threonine
1193:Saturated
1064:Oligocene
1058:. Modern
1007:squirrels
829:– pecans
751:australis
716:C. glabra
535:Sinocarya
495:. In the
437:(perhaps
425:Etymology
377:pinnately
350:Indochina
177:Kingdom:
43:Hamadryad
3617:VASCAN:
3610:40002070
3605:Tropicos
3350:BioLib:
3308:Wikidata
3187:Pine nut
3130:Heartnut
3100:Pili nut
3083:Mongongo
3061:Jack nut
2944:Palm nut
2929:Kola nut
2897:Hazelnut
2885:Chestnut
2875:Breadnut
2666:4 August
2547:Archived
2543:30844154
2500:Archived
2490:(2024).
2452:: 1–22.
2342:83492234
2307:23875028
2266:PLOS ONE
2239:TROPICOS
2156:4 August
2118:TROPICOS
2050:See also
1993:cultivar
1962:Cherokee
1947:barbecue
1900:spokes,
1883:Hickory
1849:calories
1767:Quantity
1711:Selenium
1679:4.610 mg
1640:0.738 mg
1606:Quantity
1600:Minerals
1555:0.192 mg
1539:1.746 mg
1522:0.907 mg
1505:0.131 mg
1488:0.867 mg
1453:Quantity
1447:Vitamins
1347:Arginine
1327:Tyrosine
1217:21.886 g
1207:32.611 g
1095:Holocene
901:of some
826:Apocarya
699:F.Michx.
647:Nuts of
561:M.C. Liu
544:Roasted
439:Powhatan
283:Caryinae
249:Family:
220:Eudicots
39:Caryatis
3483:1345736
3470:20555-1
3431:3054287
3314:Q142788
3274:Soybean
3022:Hickory
3007:Coconut
2917:Filbert
2772:, 1979.
2743:: 543.
2454:Bibcode
2407:Bibcode
2298:3713062
2275:Bibcode
2003:Gallery
1989:grafted
1974:Kanuchi
1936:smoking
1841:protein
1816:Juglans
1744:4.31 mg
1653:2.12 mg
1620:Calcium
1421:0.806 g
1411:0.571 g
1407:Proline
1401:0.708 g
1397:Glycine
1391:2.885 g
1381:1.368 g
1371:0.662 g
1367:Alanine
1361:0.389 g
1351:2.086 g
1341:0.730 g
1331:0.454 g
1321:0.713 g
1311:0.271 g
1307:Cystine
1301:0.300 g
1291:0.497 g
1281:1.027 g
1277:Leucine
1271:0.576 g
1261:0.422 g
1251:0.139 g
1240:12.72 g
1233:Protein
1197:7.038 g
1186:64.37 g
1152:18.25 g
1056:Miocene
893:Ecology
877:– pecan
794:C. alba
779:Buckley
701:) Nutt.
620:Lecomte
501:Fagales
392:catkins
388:flowers
329:Hickory
289:Genus:
269:Tribe:
243:Fagales
239:Order:
181:Plantae
61:Hickory
3566:PLANTS
3545:899021
3529:NZOR:
3418:105766
3405:105766
3343:432898
3264:Peanut
3110:Walnut
3066:Karuka
3012:Durian
2997:Cashew
2972:Almond
2964:Drupes
2768:
2749:104578
2747:
2713:
2689:
2541:
2531:
2472:
2425:
2340:
2305:
2295:
2061:Walnut
1918:shinty
1904:, and
1839:, 13%
1825:drupes
1776:2.65 g
1724:Sodium
1718:8.1 μg
1705:436 mg
1692:336 mg
1666:173 mg
1633:Copper
1585:2.0 mg
1471:131 IU
1417:Serine
1337:Valine
1287:Lysine
1129:Energy
1087:rodent
1083:pecans
1044:Mexico
995:aphids
899:larvae
824:sect.
635:sect.
533:sect.
488:Careya
467:káryon
463:κάρυον
408:valved
402:. The
366:Canada
362:Mexico
352:, and
233:Rosids
3656:Carya
3579:Plazi
3571:CARYA
3558:54583
3522:13402
3496:19223
3478:IRMNG
3457:54788
3392:1CYAG
3379:38128
3353:38447
3329:Carya
3299:Carya
3171:spp.
3150:Cycad
3032:Pecan
2858:Beech
2853:Acorn
2794:Carya
2792:"The
2784:Carya
2745:JSTOR
2372:(2).
2360:(PDF)
2338:S2CID
2235:Nutt"
2233:Carya
2217:Carya
2190:Carya
2176:Carya
2146:Nutt"
2144:Carya
2114:Nutt"
2112:Carya
2056:Hican
2018:Carya
1978:pecan
1939:cured
1898:wheel
1811:Carya
1773:Water
1627:61 mg
1572:40 μg
1163:6.4 g
1116:Carya
1109:Fruit
1099:Carya
1068:Carya
1060:Carya
1052:Carya
1036:Carya
999:galls
822:Carya
749:var.
747:C. o.
741:ovata
739:var.
737:C. o.
664:Sarg.
637:Carya
633:Carya
609:Leroy
576:Sarg.
531:Carya
483:Carya
455:Carya
404:fruit
358:Assam
354:India
346:China
341:Carya
337:genus
333:trees
300:Nutt.
294:Carya
227:Clade
214:Clade
201:Clade
188:Clade
18:Carya
3686:Wood
3592:POWO
3517:NCBI
3491:ITIS
3465:IPNI
3444:2131
3439:GRIN
3426:GBIF
3387:EPPO
3366:3HXZ
3338:APNI
2836:Nuts
2766:ISBN
2711:ISBN
2687:OCLC
2668:2019
2615:2022
2539:PMID
2529:ISBN
2470:ISSN
2423:ISSN
2303:PMID
2158:2019
2020:nuts
1985:nuts
1954:bark
1930:and
1894:bows
1890:tool
1885:wood
1871:Uses
1859:and
1845:fats
1737:Zinc
1731:1 mg
1677:200%
1646:Iron
1046:and
1038:are
1018:The
937:and
411:husk
398:and
384:nuts
75:PreꞒ
3628:WFO
3620:955
3504:NBN
3413:FoC
3400:FNA
3374:EoL
3361:CoL
2496:FDA
2462:doi
2450:215
2415:doi
2403:369
2374:doi
2330:doi
2293:PMC
2283:doi
1914:ash
1742:39%
1716:15%
1703:15%
1690:27%
1664:41%
1651:12%
1638:82%
1611:%DV
1570:10%
1553:11%
1537:35%
1503:10%
1486:72%
1458:%DV
1179:Fat
718:by
473:".
471:nut
457:is
3652::
3630::
3607::
3594::
3581::
3568::
3555::
3542::
3519::
3506::
3493::
3480::
3467::
3454::
3441::
3428::
3415::
3402::
3389::
3376::
3363::
3340::
3325::
3310::
2741:45
2739:.
2659:.
2640:.
2601:.
2571:.
2545:.
2537:.
2498:.
2494:.
2468:.
2460:.
2448:.
2444:.
2421:.
2413:.
2401:.
2397:.
2370:22
2368:.
2362:.
2336:.
2326:52
2324:.
2301:.
2291:.
2281:.
2269:.
2263:.
2237:.
2166:^
2148:.
2133:^
2116:.
2083:.
1969:.
1908:.
1896:,
1729:0%
1625:5%
1583:2%
1520:6%
1074:.
521:.
465:,
461::
445:,
421:.
348:,
229::
216::
203::
190::
125:Pg
69:Ma
2828:e
2821:t
2814:v
2751:.
2719:.
2670:.
2617:.
2586:.
2556:.
2509:.
2476:.
2464::
2456::
2429:.
2417::
2409::
2382:.
2376::
2344:.
2332::
2309:.
2285::
2277::
2271:8
2248:.
2205:.
2160:.
2142:"
2127:.
2110:"
2098:.
1803:.
1565:)
1563:9
1547:6
1532:)
1530:5
1515:)
1513:3
1498:)
1496:2
1481:)
1479:1
1022:(
982:)
978:(
972:)
960:)
956:(
946:(
925:)
921:(
915:)
800:†
796:)
757:)
722:)
697:(
567:)
507:(
356:(
130:N
120:K
115:J
110:T
105:P
100:C
95:D
90:S
85:O
80:Ꞓ
53:.
34:.
20:)
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