198:
Despite a significant increase in rate of fire over muzzle-loading rifles and muskets, Hall's rifle design suffered from a gas leak around the interface of the removable chamber and the bore, resulting in the necessity of a heavier powder charge that still produced much less muzzle velocity than its muzzle-loading competition. No serious efforts were made to develop a seal to reduce the loss of gas from the breech. The penetrating ability of its .52-caliber ball for the rifle was only one-third of that of the muzzle-loaders, and the muzzle velocity of the carbine was 25 percent lower than that of the Jenks carbine, despite having similar barrel lengths and identical 70-grain powder charges.
156:. Hall proposed the concept of interchangeable parts to the Army in June 1816 and earned a contract for 1,000 of the "Model of 1819" Hall rifles from the War Department, with interchangeable parts being the chief condition. To fulfill it, Hall spent more than five years (and $ 150,000 of government funds) at
197:
Hall's rifle works design worked so well as that it had to undergo only minimal changes through the end of the Model 1819’s run in 1853. By 1842, 23,500 rifles and 13,682 Hall-North carbines had been produced, most at Harper's Ferry, earning Hall nearly $ 40,000 in royalty and patent-licensing fees.
193:
A trial was devised to test the rate of fire of Hall's breech-loading rifles in comparison to muzzle-loading rifles and Army-issue muzzle-loading muskets. A company of 38 men were given 10 minutes to load and fire at targets 100 yards distant. The company scored 164 hits (35% of the 464 shots fired)
189:
Hall's contract for 1,000 rifles was completed in 1825. When a three-man committee deployed by the US Ordnance
Department to verify Hall’s process in fulfilling his rifle contract visited Harpers Ferry, they were floored by his results, and especially the machines. They lauded Hall’s “system, in the
225:
The men who had learned Hall's methods of interchangeable parts while working at Harper's Ferry went on to apply those methods to production of shoes, watches, clocks, bicycles, clothing, rubber goods, and, later, automobiles. Hall's methods transformed the United States from an economy of workshop
151:
ordered 200 rifles in
December 1814. He regretfully turned down the contract because he was unable to meet the Army delivery deadline of 1815. Hall recognized individually fitted parts as the factor slowing rifle production and adapted his breech-loading design to the “uniformity principle,” widely
213:
Hall's cutting machines were designed for simplicity, to the point that “activity more necessary than judgment” and young boys or “common hands” could successfully run them. They both “functioned without any manual guidance but evidently ceased operation once the workpiece had been finished,”
180:
and achieve the dimension controls necessary for interchangeable parts. He employed metal-cutting machines attached with cutters and saws in the place of the standard heavy labor, made from cast-iron frames to ensure structural integrity and minimize vibrations from the mill’s belts. These
171:
Hall's methods were novel for the time. Hall transferred water power through a system of leather belts and pulleys to power his machines with unusual pace, greater than 3,000 revolutions per minute with efficiency, while most artisans used hand cutters and files. Like his contemporary
275:
Smith, Merritt Roe. "John H. Hall, Simeon North, and the
Milling Machine: The Nature of Innovation among Antebellum Arms Makers." Technology and Culture. 4th edition. Volume 14. Johns Hopkins UP, 1973. pages 573-91. JSTOR. Web. 1 December
217:
Hall's innovations in construction, tools, controls, stops, and gauges all were advances in milling iron and machine tools. Together with Simeon North and other armorers, Hall contributed to the adoption of interchangeable parts and the
194:
with conventional muzzle-loading rifles and 208 hits (25% of the 845 shots fired) with the faster loading, but less accurate, army-issue smooth-bore muskets in comparison to 430 hits (36% of the 1198 shots fired) with Hall's rifles.
214:
allowing the worker to operate several at once. Hall himself even claimed “one boy by the aid of these machines can perform more work than ten men with files, in the same time, and with greater accuracy”.
316:
Gordon, Robert B. "Simeon North, John Hall, and
Mechanized Manufacturing." Technology and Culture. 1st edition Volume 30. Johns Hopkins UP, 1989. pages 179-88. JSTOR. Web. 1 December 2010
190:
manufacture of small arms, entirely novel,” and one which could yield “the most beneficial results to the
Country, especially, if carried into effect on a large scale”.
421:
287:
325:
Smith, Merritt Roe, "Harpers Ferry Armory and the New
Technology: The Challenge of Change" Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, page 218
386:
181:
machine-cut surfaces would then be hand filed to ensure fit and interchangeability, verified by a gauging system Hall had designed.
411:
135:
in his spare time. He had taken an interest in firearms during militia service and focused on increasing the rapidity of loading.
426:
17:
381:
339:
From the
American system to mass production, 1800-1932 the development of manufacturing technology in the United States
352:
148:
143:
On May 21, 1811, Hall patented a single shot, breech-loading rifle in collusion with
Washington, D.C. architect Dr.
219:
288:"Inżynier o którym na pewno nie słyszałeś - John Hall - TRIZ - Baza Wiedzy, Szkolenia, Warsztaty, Wdrożenia Feed"
416:
202:
72:
343:(Johns Hopkins Paperbacks ed., 1985. ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p.
344:
157:
153:
96:
406:
401:
8:
337:
348:
253:
120:
165:
161:
144:
93:
112:
100:
50:
395:
177:
147:. He began manufacturing his new rifles at the rate of 50 per year until the
128:
116:
54:
173:
124:
201:
Hall worked at Harper's Ferry until 1840 and died
February 26, 1841, in
119:(in the area that became Maine in 1820). He worked in his father's
92:(January 4, 1781 – February 26, 1841) was the inventor of the
160:, where he occupied an old sawmill on a small island in the
226:
craftsmen to a nation of industrialized mass production.
132:
336:
393:
422:People of the American Industrial Revolution
366:adoption of interchangeable parts john hall.
176:, Hall began using this mill power to run
334:
312:
310:
308:
271:
269:
267:
265:
263:
14:
394:
305:
285:
247:
245:
243:
241:
239:
260:
184:
131:shop in 1810 where he tinkered with
24:
236:
25:
438:
375:
149:United States Army Ordnance Corps
412:19th-century American inventors
328:
319:
279:
13:
1:
106:
335:Hounshell, David A. (1985).
286:Halas, Michal (2020-10-01).
7:
427:People from Portland, Maine
10:
443:
208:
203:Randolph County, Missouri
138:
123:until setting up his own
111:Hall was born in 1781 in
79:
73:Randolph County, Missouri
61:
36:
29:
229:
387:Patent on Hall's rifle
382:americanprecision.org
257:(March 2009) pp.51-83
158:Harpers Ferry Arsenal
154:interchangeable parts
97:breech-loading rifle
18:Captain John H. Hall
83:Inventor, gunsmith
417:Firearm designers
292:www.triz.oditk.pl
254:American Rifleman
185:M1819 Hall rifles
90:John Hancock Hall
87:
86:
65:February 26, 1841
31:John Hancock Hall
16:(Redirected from
434:
369:
368:
363:
361:
342:
332:
326:
323:
317:
314:
303:
302:
300:
299:
283:
277:
273:
258:
251:Rose, Alexander
249:
166:Virginius Island
162:Shenandoah River
145:William Thornton
68:
46:
44:
27:
26:
21:
442:
441:
437:
436:
435:
433:
432:
431:
392:
391:
378:
373:
372:
359:
357:
355:
333:
329:
324:
320:
315:
306:
297:
295:
284:
280:
274:
261:
250:
237:
232:
220:American System
211:
187:
141:
109:
101:mass production
75:
70:
66:
57:
48:
47:January 4, 1781
42:
40:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
440:
430:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
390:
389:
384:
377:
376:External links
374:
371:
370:
353:
327:
318:
304:
278:
259:
234:
233:
231:
228:
210:
207:
186:
183:
140:
137:
108:
105:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
71:
69:(aged 60)
63:
59:
58:
49:
38:
34:
33:
30:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
439:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
399:
397:
388:
385:
383:
380:
379:
367:
356:
354:9780801831584
350:
346:
341:
340:
331:
322:
313:
311:
309:
293:
289:
282:
272:
270:
268:
266:
264:
256:
255:
248:
246:
244:
242:
240:
235:
227:
223:
221:
215:
206:
204:
199:
195:
191:
182:
179:
178:machine tools
175:
169:
167:
163:
159:
155:
150:
146:
136:
134:
130:
129:boat building
126:
122:
118:
117:Massachusetts
114:
104:
102:
98:
95:
91:
82:
80:Occupation(s)
78:
74:
64:
60:
56:
55:Massachusetts
52:
39:
35:
28:
19:
365:
358:. Retrieved
338:
330:
321:
296:. Retrieved
291:
281:
252:
224:
222:as a whole.
216:
212:
200:
196:
192:
188:
174:Simeon North
170:
142:
110:
89:
88:
67:(1841-02-26)
407:1841 deaths
402:1781 births
294:(in Polish)
125:woodworking
103:innovator.
396:Categories
298:2021-06-04
107:Early life
94:M1819 Hall
43:1781-01-04
152:known as
113:Portland
51:Portland
164:called
121:tannery
360:24 May
351:
209:Legacy
139:Career
99:and a
230:Notes
362:2015
349:ISBN
276:2010
133:guns
127:and
62:Died
37:Born
398::
364:.
347:.
345:44
307:^
290:.
262:^
238:^
205:.
168:.
115:,
53:,
301:.
45:)
41:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.