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California Public Records Act

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1543:"An act to amend Sections 100010 and 100115 of, and to add Section 94874.8 to, the Education Code, to amend Sections 8592.1, 8592.5, 8592.7, 8690.6, 11542, 13964, 14615.1, 15251, 15253, 15254, 15275, 15277, 18671.2, 23025, 25008, 53108.5, 53114.1, 53115.1, and 53126.5 of, to add Sections 6252.8, 8250.1, 11543, 13295.5, 13963.1, and 50021 to, to add Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 14930) to Part 5.5 of Division 3 of Title 2 and Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 15278) to Part 6.5 of Division 3 of Title 2 of, and to add and repeal Article 8 (commencing with Section 19210) of Chapter 5 of Part 2 of Division 5 of Title 2 of, to repeal Section 8169.6 of, and to repeal and add Section 18662 of, the Government Code, to amend Sections 6060 and 7047 of the Harbors and Navigation Code, to amend Sections 2851, 4733, 6489, and 32103 of the Health and Safety Code, to amend Section 10089.7 of the Insurance Code, to amend Sections 62.5, 139.48, 1024, 1771.3, 1771.5, 7852, 7856, and 7870 of, to amend and repeal Section 62.7 of, to add Sections 62.8 and 1063.5 to, and to repeal 62.9 of, the Labor Code, to amend Section 1197 of the Military and Veterans Code, to amend Sections 1203, 13518.1, 13701, 13710, and 13730 of the Penal Code, to amend Sections 10351, 12100, 12100.5, 12100.7, 12101, 12101.2, 12101.5, 12102, 12103, 12103.5, 12104, 12104.5, 12105, 12106, 12108, 12109, 12112, 12120, 12125, 12126, and 12128 of, to add Sections 12102.1 and 12102.2 to, and to repeal Section 12121 of, the Public Contract Code, to amend Sections 9303 and 75121 of the Public Resources Code, to amend Sections 2872.5, 2892, 2892.1 11908.1, 11908.2, and 22407 of the Public Utilities Code, to amend Sections 41030, 41031, 41032, 41136, 41136.1, 41137, 41137.1, 41138, 41139, 41140, 41141, and 41142 of the Revenue and Taxation Code, to amend Section 5066 of the Vehicle Code, to amend Sections 21166, 30507, 30507.1, 34741, 40355, 50605, 56031, 60143, 70078, 71255, and 74208 of the Water Code, and to amend Section 656.2 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, relating to state and local government, and making an appropriation therefor, to take effect immediately, bill related to the budget" 1570:"An act to amend Sections 100010 and 100115 of, and to add Section 94874.8 to, the Education Code, to amend Sections 8592.1, 8592.5, 8592.7, 8690.6, 11542, 13964, 14615.1, 15251, 15253, 15254, 15275, 15277, 18671.2, 23025, 53108.5, 53114.1, 53115.1, and 53126.5 of, to add Sections 8250.1, 11543, 13295.5, and 13963.1 to, to add Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 14930) to Part 5.5 of Division 3 of Title 2 and Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 15278) to Part 6.5 of Division 3 of Title 2 of, and to add and repeal Article 8 (commencing with Section 19210) of Chapter 5 of Part 2 of Division 5 of Title 2 of, to repeal Section 8169.6 of, and to repeal and add Section 18662 of, the Government Code, to amend Section 10089.7 of the Insurance Code, to amend Sections 62.5, 139.48, 1024, 1771.3, 1771.5, 7852, 7856, and 7870 of, to amend and repeal Section 62.7 of, to add Sections 62.8 and 1063.5 to, and to repeal Section 62.9 of, the Labor Code, to amend Sections 1203, 13518.1, 13701, 13710, and 13730 of the Penal Code, to amend Sections 10351, 12100, 12100.5, 12100.7, 12101, 12101.2, 12101.5, 12102, 12103, 12103.5, 12104, 12104.5, 12105, 12106, 12108, 12109, 12112, 12120, 12125, 12126, and 12128 of, to add Sections 12102.1 and 12102.2 to, and to repeal Section 12121 of, the Public Contract Code, to amend Section 75121 of the Public Resources Code, to amend Sections 2872.5, 2892, and 2892.1 of the Public Utilities Code, to amend Sections 41030, 41031, 41032, 41136, 41136.1, 41137, 41137.1, 41138, 41139, 41140, 41141, and 41142 of the Revenue and Taxation Code, to amend Section 5066 of the Vehicle Code, and to amend Section 656.2 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, relating to state and local government, and making an appropriation therefor, to take effect immediately, bill related to the budget" 66:
Government Code, and to repeal Sections 1208, and 20473 of the Agricultural Code, Sections 2122, 2713.5, 2852.5, 4013, 4809.1, 5014, 6307.5, 7207.5, 7611, 8010, 8919.2, 9009.5, 9536, 9936, 10060, 18626.7, and 19035.10 of the Business and Professions Code, Article 1 (commencing with Section 1887) of Chapter 3 of Title 2 of Part 4 of, and Sections 1892, 1893, and 1894 of the Code of Civil Procedure, Sections 113, 13867, 23607, 24.156, 26008 and 31008 of the Education Code, Sections 105, 732, 1326, and 14107 of the Fish and Game Code, Sections 1227, 8013, 83.40.8, 8440.8, 10207, 13913, 15487, 20137, and 65020.10 of the Government Code, Sections 1153.2, 1262, 1356, 1711, and 3805 of the Harbors and Navigation Code, Sections 103.2, 431.4, 1110.2, 13141.2, 17940, and 18917 of the Health and Safety Code, Sections 71.2, 137, 147, and 3092 of the Labor Code, Sections 538, 638, 666, 4567, 9065.2, and 9072 of the Public Resources Code, Section 21209 of the Public Utilities Code, Sections 2605 and 3009 of the Vehicle Code, Sections 13008 and 20034 of the Water Code, and Chapter 842 of the Statutes of 1959, relating to public records.
1119:, which went into effect on January 1, 2019. The law provides that public records are not confidential if they pertain to an incident in which police discharged a firearm at a person, an incident in which police use of force resulted in death or great bodily injury, an incident in which police committed sexual assault against a member of the public, or sustained findings of police dishonesty. SB 1421 also sets relatively short timelines for withholding such records during a criminal investigation or criminal enforcement proceeding. 106: 38: 1416:, 32 Cal. 3d 440, 447, 186 Cal. Rptr. 235, 651 P.2d 822 (1982); but see Williams, 5 Cal. 4th at 348-54 (holding that CPRA's exemption for law enforcement investigatory records did not incorporate FOIA criteria and thus courts cannot look to FOIA cases to interpret Section 6254(f) of the CPRA, but must look to the statutory language of the CPRA provision to construe the statute). 1031:
Supreme Court made clear that under this writ procedure, trial court orders are reviewable on their merits. Thus, when a trial court order under the CPRA is reviewed by an appellate court, the independent review standard is employed for legal issues and factual findings made by the trial court will be upheld if they are based on substantial evidence.
974:
citizenship" and has emphasized that "maximum disclosure of the conduct of governmental operations to be promoted by the act." By promoting prompt public access to government records, the CPRA is "intended to safeguard the accountability of government to the public." As the California Supreme Court recognized in CBS v. Block:
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To facilitate prompt public access to public records, court orders either directing disclosure of public records or supporting an agency's decision of nondisclosure are immediately reviewable by an appellate court by way of a petition seeking issuance of an extraordinary writ. In 1991, the California
993:
This definition is intended to cover every conceivable kind of record that is involved in the governmental process and will pertain to any new form of record-keeping instrument as it is developed. Only purely personal information unrelated to 'the conduct of the public's business' could be considered
1122:
In 2021, Assemblymember Chau proposed a bill, AB 473 (Chau), to carry out the recommended recodification. Alongside, he presented a companion bill, AB 474 (Chau), to bring about the associated revisions. Both these bills were successfully passed, as seen in 2021 Cal. Stat. chs. 614, 615. However, a
988:
In accordance with this policy, public records are broadly defined to include "any writing containing information relating to the conduct of a public's business prepared, owned, used or retained by any state or local agency regardless of physical form or characteristic" Citing with approval an even
1058:
In 2013, as part of budget negotiations, the Legislature approved a plan to make certain provisions in the Act optional for local agencies. The move was done in order to save "tens of millions of dollars" in state reimbursements to local agencies that comply with the Act, according to Legislative
65:
An act to amend Sections 3020, 7017, and 19432 of the Business and Professions Code, to amend Sections 15490 and 16480.1 of the Government Code, to amend Section 11770.5 of the Insurance Code, to add Section 10207 to, and Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 6250) to Division 7 of Title 1 of the
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When the legislature enacted CPRA, it expressly declared that "access to information concerning the conduct of the people's business is a fundamental and necessary right of every person in this state." Indeed, in California "access to government records has been deemed a fundamental interest of
1088:
Open government advocates and several California newspapers came out strongly against the measure. Jim Ewert, general counsel of the California Newspaper Publisher's Association, called the move "the worst assault on the public's right to know I have seen in my 18 years of doing this." Several
1002:
Most of the exemptions under the CPRA are set forth under Section 7921 and are specific as to certain records or types of records, but under Section 7922 a general exemption exists where, on the facts of the particular case, "the public interest served by not making the record public clearly
1112:. The amendment clarifies that local governments must comply with requests for publicly available documents, and requires local governments to pay the costs of those requests in full. The proposed amendment went to the voters for approval in June 2014, and was passed with 61.8% of the vote. 978:
Implicit in a democratic process is the notion that government should be accountable for its actions. In order to verify accountability, individuals must have access to government files. Such access permits checks against the arbitrary exercise of official power and secrecy in the political
998:
Moreover, unless the public records of a local agency are exempt from the provisions of the CPRA, they must be made available for public inspection. Exemptions must be narrowly construed and the public agency bears the burden of proving that an exemption applies.
1003:
outweighs the public interest served by disclosure of the record". In reviewing the propriety of an agency decision to withhold records, a court is charged with ascertaining whether nondisclosure was justified under either of these statutes.
1249: 1123:
few of the associated revisions were invalidated by substantive bills that impacted the same code sections. These cancelled revisions have been reintroduced in the Legislature, evident in SB 1380 (Committee on Judiciary).
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The people have the right of access to information concerning the conduct of the people's business, and, therefore, the meetings of public bodies and the writings of public officials and agencies shall be open to public
343: 1100:
Because of the outcry from the media, state leaders backed down within the week and reversed the changes. The Assembly passed a measure to revoke that provision in the budget bill, which Jerry Brown signed into law.
1126:
On January 1, 2023, the California Public Records Act was officially recodified from §6250-§6270.5 to §7920-§7931 of the government code as part of the newly added Division 10 of Title 1: Access to Public Records.
1304:, 127 Cal. App. 4th 805, 813, 26 Cal. Rptr. 3d 92 (2005)(quoting Coronado Police Officers Ass'n v. Carroll, 106 Cal. App. 4th 1001, 1006, 131 Cal. Rptr. 2d 553 (2003)(citing with approval same definition)). 1438: 1441:, 10 Cal. App. 4th 1177, 1185, 13 Cal. Rptr. 2d 342 (1992) (echoing the decision in Times Mirror and stating that the scope of review by a writ of review is equivalent with the scope of review on appeal). 1021:
account and/or device to communicate about the conduct of public business, such as e-mails or text messages, the applicable writings may be subject to disclosure under the California Public Records Act.
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exempt from this definition, i.e., the shopping list phoned from home, the letter to a public officer from a friend which is totally void of reference to governmental activities.
1152: 1301: 500: 348: 1680: 1507: 131: 1652: 1413: 1380: 1480: 669: 368: 433: 1074:. According to the bills, local agencies would no longer be required to provide the following, but are encouraged to follow them as "best practices": 1712: 957:, except that "the people have the right of access to information concerning the conduct of the people's business" is enshrined in Article 1 of the 902: 137: 1463: 1787: 2035: 1271: 1205: 607: 2001: 1920: 1971: 954: 536: 353: 622: 1574: 1547: 1485: 1385: 1355: 1276: 1210: 1183: 1049:. Commonly called the Sunshine Amendment, it added Article I, Section 3(b) to the California Constitution, which reads in part: 787: 762: 293: 637: 478: 564: 376: 2073: 1741: 868: 862: 674: 612: 489: 2055: 917: 874: 558: 483: 453: 1838: 1690: 1116: 1007: 950:
in 1968 requiring inspection or disclosure of governmental records to the public upon request, unless exempted by law.
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In September 2013, the legislature approved a constitutional amendment proposal, authored by state senator
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broader definition of public records adopted by the California Attorney General, another court has stated:
943: 413: 318: 45: 2108: 1927: 1014: 214: 209: 1508:"Budget bill would make it optional for California local governments to comply with public records laws" 939: 818: 381: 219: 118: 1010:("FOIA"), 5 U.S.C. Section 552 et seq, courts may look to case law under FOIA in construing the CPRA. 1460: 912: 879: 260: 240: 175: 1963: 1931: 782: 313: 165: 110: 1300:, 143 Cal. App. 3d 762, 774; 192 Cal. Rptr. 415, 422 (1983)(internal citations omitted); see also 2067: 1982: 1657: 1629: 958: 745: 303: 245: 190: 2049: 777: 771: 550: 458: 358: 275: 270: 265: 255: 235: 2012: 1950: 844: 617: 448: 185: 180: 155: 829: 363: 200: 8: 2031: 1717: 732: 526: 2008: 1978: 1653:"Oakland Tribune editorial: State lawmakers must restore California Public Records Act" 1146: 922: 727: 505: 1888: 1624: 1601: 938:(Statutes of 1968, Chapter 1473; currently codified as Division 10 of Title 1 of the 600: 97: 1179:"Division 10 of Title 1 of the California Government Code: Access to Public Records" 19:
You may be looking for another California law with the acronym "CPRA", which is the
1136: 691: 394: 298: 146: 1921:"California Attorney General's Summary of the California Public Records Act 2004" 1467: 1090: 756: 495: 286: 1231:
CBS v. Block, 42 Cal. 3d 646, 652 n.5, 230 Cal. Rptr. 362, 725 P. 2d 370 (1986).
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Laws and legal sources that affect the copyright status of government documents
1512: 749: 632: 515: 438: 2087: 947: 811: 520: 338: 86: 471: 105: 1450:
Times Mirror Co., 53 Cal. 3d at 1336 (citing Block, 42 Cal. 3d at 650-51).
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Copyright status of works by subnational governments of the United States
1071: 834: 1685: 1094: 715: 580: 574: 56: 1141: 1105: 1097:, and Visalia Times-Delta, published editorials against the changes. 650: 586: 569: 37: 2077: 1863: 1814:"Statement of Vote, June 3, 2014 Statewide Direct Primary Election" 1461:
the foreword to the California section of the Open Government Guide
1332:, 90 Cal.App. 4th 810, 831, 108 Cal. Rptr. 2d 870 (2001); see also 331: 1681:"EDITORIAL: Tell Jerry Brown to veto attack on Public Records Act" 1412:, 53 Cal. 3d 1325, 1338, 283 Cal. Rptr. 893, 813 P.2d 240 (1991); 1316:, 5 Cal. 4th 337, 346, 19 Cal. Rptr. 2d 882, 852 P. 2d 377 (1993). 1045:
On November 2, 2004, California voters overwhelmingly approved
1780:"California Public Records Act amendment going to June ballot" 1328:, 118 Cal. App. 4th 1041, 1045, 13 Cal. Rptr. 3d 517 (2004); 1153:
County of Santa Clara v. California First Amendment Coalition
1597:"Budget could limit public's access to government documents" 1250:
Register Div. of Freedom Newspapers Inc. v. County of Orange
1742:"California Assembly Repeals Changes To Public Records Act" 2002:"Top 10 Points to Remember about Exemptions from the CPRA" 1336:, 78 Cal. App. 4th 462, 467, 92 Cal. Rptr. 2d 862 (2000); 1108:, which would incorporate the Public Records Act into the 1340:, 82 Cal. App. 4th 819, 825, 98 Cal. Rptr. 2d 564 (2000). 1062:
The changes were added to the 2013 budget as rider bills
1839:"Bill Text - SB-1421 Peace officers: release of records" 2099:
Freedom of information legislation in the United States
1972:"Top 10 Points to Remember about Making a CPRA Request" 2070:(News Blog about CPRA and Other Public Records Issues) 1864:"California Public Records Act Clean-Up - Study G-400" 1252:, 158 Cal. App. 3d 893, 901, 205 Cal. Rptr. 92 (1984). 1017:
held that when a public official or employee uses a
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Presidential Tax Transparency and Accountability Act
1819:. California Secretary of State. pp. 108–109 1078:Respond to a public record request within 10 days 2085: 983: 903:Act for the Government and Protection of Indians 501:Comprehensive Computer Data Access and Fraud Act 1713:"Editorial: RIP, California Public Records Act" 1625:"California Legislature Guts State Records Law" 1437:Times Mirror Co., 53 Cal. 3d at 1336; see also 1326:Bakersfield City School Dist. v. Superior Court 1081:Provide electronic records in its native format 2036:Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press 16:Freedom-of-information law in California, US 1439:State Bd. of Equalization v. Superior Court 1272:"California Government Code § 7920.530(a)" 537:Uniform Determinate Sentencing Act of 1976 354:Negligent infliction of emotional distress 36: 2080:(Public Records Access Discussion Board) 1575:California Office of Legislative Counsel 1548:California Office of Legislative Counsel 1486:California Office of Legislative Counsel 1453: 1386:California Office of Legislative Counsel 1375: 1373: 1356:California Office of Legislative Counsel 1330:CSU Fresno Association v. Superior Court 1277:California Office of Legislative Counsel 1211:California Office of Legislative Counsel 1184:California Office of Legislative Counsel 1778:White, Jeremy B. (September 10, 2013). 1768:from the California Legislature website 1537: 1535: 1381:"California Government Code § 7923.500" 1338:County of Los Angeles v. Superior Court 1006:Because the CPRA was modeled after the 763:Alquist Priolo Special Studies Zone Act 694:(seven year maximum on labor contracts) 454:Free speech on privately owned property 2086: 1084:Provide a reason for denying a request 871:(naloxone prescription by pharmacists) 825:California Student Free Expression Law 638:Sustainable Groundwater Management Act 479:.50 Caliber BMG Regulation Act of 2004 1777: 1481:"California Const. Art. I, § 3(b)(1)" 1473: 1370: 1343: 1298:San Gabriel Tribune v. Superior Court 1025: 942:) was a law passed by the California 1562: 1532: 1264: 1198: 1070:, the former of which was vetoed by 613:California Environmental Quality Act 195:Note: There are 29 California codes. 1739: 1351:"California Government Code § 7922" 1206:"California Government Code § 7921" 319:Ordinary and administrative mandate 13: 1426:City of San Jose v. Superior Court 1409:Times Mirror Co. v. Superior Court 1008:federal Freedom of Information Act 885:Road Repair and Accountability Act 840:School Success and Opportunity Act 660:(rideshare drivers as contractors) 309:Civil Harassment Restraining Order 14: 2120: 2043: 1808: 1115:In 2018, the legislature enacted 1034: 608:2008 Statewide Truck and Bus Rule 589:(historic structure preservation) 2052:from the First Amendment Project 965:(the Sunshine Amendment, 2004). 677:(equal overtime for farmworkers) 670:Agricultural Labor Relations Act 104: 2064:§7920-§7931 (was §6250-§6270.5) 1893:State Copyright Resource Center 1881: 1856: 1831: 1802: 1771: 1759: 1733: 1705: 1689:. June 18, 2013. Archived from 1673: 1645: 1617: 1589: 1516:. June 19, 2013. Archived from 1500: 1459:For a detailed discussion, see 1444: 1431: 1419: 1400: 1319: 1240:Id. at 651-52 (emphasis added). 434:Fair Employment and Housing Act 404:(public affirmative action ban) 1428:, 2 Cal. 5th 608 (March 2017). 1307: 1291: 1255: 1243: 1234: 1225: 1171: 1059:Analyst's Office projections. 1041:2004 California Proposition 59 623:Electronic Waste Recycling Act 1: 1913: 1110:California State Constitution 984:Public records and exemptions 936:California Public Records Act 821:(removing vaccine exemptions) 31:California Public Records Act 21:California Privacy Rights Act 1740:Orr, Katie (June 20, 2013). 788:Consumers Legal Remedies Act 294:Administrative Procedure Act 46:California State Legislature 7: 1928:California Attorney General 1130: 364:Pure comparative negligence 10: 2125: 2062:California Government Code 2056:Constitution of California 2032:"Open Government Guide CA" 1843:leginfo.legislature.ca.gov 1314:Williams v. Superior Court 1089:newspapers, including the 1038: 968: 955:Freedom of Information Act 953:The law is similar to the 940:California Government Code 577:(joint powers authorities) 565:Housing Accountability Act 561:(energy efficiency zoning) 486:(handgun ammunition sales) 18: 1302:Versaci v. Superior Court 963:California Proposition 59 913:Consenting Adult Sex Bill 666:(independent contractors) 82: 74: 51: 44: 35: 30: 1165: 1015:California Supreme Court 918:Criminal Syndicalism Act 875:Corporate Disclosure Act 783:California foie gras law 377:Strict product liability 344:Duty to protect students 314:Special motion to strike 111:Great Seal of California 1658:Courthouse News Service 1630:Courthouse News Service 959:California Constitution 946:and signed by governor 768:Building Standards Code 746:Consumer protection law 523:(selective prosecution) 492:(firearm microstamping) 304:California Style Manual 1958:Cite journal requires 1056: 996: 981: 908:Alien Land Law of 1913 798:Technical Bulletin 117 628:Endangered Species Act 551:political subdivisions 459:Unruh Civil Rights Act 429:End of Life Option Act 424:Celebrities Rights Act 359:Peculiar risk doctrine 2018:on September 18, 2008 1790:on September 11, 2013 1051: 991: 976: 845:Vergara v. California 618:California Water Plan 583:(local tax districts) 2104:1968 in American law 1895:, Harvard University 1693:on November 14, 2013 1334:Lorig v. Medical Bd. 865:(automobile titling) 800:(fire extinguishers) 793:Consumer Privacy Act 496:Adequate provocation 419:Art Preservation Act 287:Civil procedural law 2094:California statutes 1718:Visalia Times-Delta 733:Van Camp accounting 703:Talent Agencies Act 2109:1968 in California 2058:, Article 1, §3(b) 2009:Californians Aware 1988:on January 7, 2009 1979:Californians Aware 1466:2011-06-11 at the 1414:ACLU v. Deukmejian 1147:Californians Aware 1026:Orders and appeals 923:Sanitary Ordinance 728:Pereira accounting 687:Child Actor's Bill 506:Felony petty theft 444:Public Records Act 251:Capital punishment 1937:on April 29, 2009 1602:Los Angeles Times 944:State Legislature 932: 931: 759:(insurance rates) 698:Paid Family Leave 601:Environmental law 414:Act to Save Lives 171:Health and Safety 92: 91: 2116: 2039: 2027: 2025: 2023: 2017: 2011:. Archived from 2006: 1997: 1995: 1993: 1987: 1981:. Archived from 1976: 1967: 1961: 1956: 1954: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1936: 1930:. Archived from 1925: 1908: 1907: 1902: 1900: 1885: 1879: 1878: 1876: 1874: 1860: 1854: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1835: 1829: 1828: 1826: 1824: 1818: 1806: 1800: 1799: 1797: 1795: 1786:. 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Index

California Privacy Rights Act

California State Legislature
Long title
Ronald Reagan
California law

Great Seal of California
Constitution
Propositions
list
Offices
Codes
Civil
Civil Procedure
Evidence
Health and Safety
Insurance
Labor
Penal
Vehicle
Courts of record
Supreme Court
Courts of Appeal
Superior courts
Adoption
Bicycles
Criminal law
Capital punishment
Cannabis

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