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1670:, Greece. At a total length of 2,880 metres (9,450 ft) and four towers, it has the second longest cable-stayed suspended deck (2,258 metres (7,408 ft) long) in the world, with only the deck of the Millau Viaduct in southern France being longer at 2,460 metres (8,070 ft). However, as the latter is also supported by bearings at the pylons apart from cable stays, the Rio–Antirrio bridge deck might be considered the longest cable-stayed fully suspended deck in the world.
1350:
1726:
540:
1311:
438:
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1855:, Carries I-295 across the James River between Henrico and Chesterfield Counties in Virginia. Varina-Enon Bridge features the world's first use of precast concrete delta frames for construction of its 630 feet (190 m) cable-stayed main span. It is an instrumental part of the Peregrine Falcon program overseen by the
406:(1889 or 1890). In the twentieth century, early examples of cable-stayed bridges included A. Gisclard's unusual Cassagnes bridge (1899), in which the horizontal part of the cable forces is balanced by a separate horizontal tie cable, preventing significant compression in the deck, and G. Leinekugel le Coq's bridge at
1012:
on one side of the span, with cables on one side only to support the bridge deck. Unlike other cable-stayed types, this bridge exerts considerable overturning force upon its foundation and the spar must resist the bending caused by the cables, as the cable forces are not balanced by opposing cables.
644:
design, the cables all connect to or pass over the top of the towers. The fan design is structurally superior with a minimum moment applied to the towers, but, for practical reasons, the modified fan (also called the semi-fan) is preferred, especially where many cables are necessary. In the modified
566:
approach is often used to support the bridge deck near the towers, but lengths further from them are supported by cables running directly to the towers. That has the disadvantage, unlike for the suspension bridge, that the cables pull to the sides as opposed to directly up, which requires the bridge
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currently under construction, connecting
Detroit, Michigan with Windsor, Ontario, will have two inverted “Y” shaped towers built on the banks of the Detroit River, six-lanes for automotive traffic, and a cycle and walking path. It will be 2.5 kilometres (1.6 miles) long. Once completed in 2025, it
1137:
A cradle system carries the strands within the stays from the bridge deck to bridge deck, as a continuous element, eliminating anchorages in the pylons. Each epoxy-coated steel strand is carried inside the cradle in a one-inch (2.54 cm) steel tube. Each strand acts independently, allowing for
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loads, but it has the advantage of not requiring firm anchorages to resist the horizontal pull of the main cables of the suspension bridge. By design, all static horizontal forces of the cable-stayed bridge are balanced so that the supporting towers do not tend to tilt or slide and so must only
1444:: This connects the boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens in New York City, replacing a truss bridge of the same name. The first cable-stayed span (temporarily carrying three lanes in each direction) opened to traffic in April 2017. A second, nearly identical span opened on 29 August 2019.
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in Spain near Vigo is the highway cable-stayed bridge with the longest and slenderest span in the world at the time of construction (1973–1977). Three long spans of 148 metres (486 ft) + 400 metres (1,300 ft) + 148 metres (486 ft). Pylons in concrete, girder in
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in having arcuate main cables with suspender cables, although the self-anchored type lacks the heavy cable anchorages of the ordinary suspension bridge. Unlike either a cable-stayed bridge or a suspension bridge, the self-anchored suspension bridge must be supported by
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by stays in the end spans. For more spans, this is not the case and the bridge structure is less stiff overall. This can create difficulties in both the design of the deck and the pylons. Examples of multiple-span structures in which this is the case include
1869:, Portugal is the longest bridge in Europe, with a total length of 17.2 kilometres (10.7 mi), including 0.829 kilometres (0.515 mi) for the main bridge, 11.5 kilometres (7.1 mi) in viaducts and 4.8 kilometres (3.0 mi) in extension roads.
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has some similarity in principle to the cable-stayed type in that tension forces that prevent the deck from dropping are converted into compression forces vertically in the tower and horizontally along the deck structure. It is also related to the
517:
at each end to the ground. This can be difficult to implement when ground conditions are poor. The main cables, which are free to move on bearings in the towers, bear the load of the bridge deck. Before the deck is installed, the cables are under
309:, often combined features from both the cable-stayed and suspension designs. Cable-stayed designs fell from favor in the early 20th century as larger gaps were bridged using pure suspension designs, and shorter ones using various systems built of
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is a cable-stayed bridge with a more substantial bridge deck that, being stiffer and stronger, allows the cables to be omitted close to the tower and for the towers to be lower in proportion to the span. The first extradosed bridges were the
101:
1345:. The southern span of the bridge has an 89 metres (292 ft) bascule bridge for ships that cannot pass under the bridge. The bascule bridge is the largest and heaviest in West Europe and has the largest panel of its type in the world.
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fan arrangement, the cables terminate near the top of the tower but are spaced from each other sufficiently to allow better termination, improved environmental protection, and good access to individual cables for maintenance.
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is the cable-stayed bridge with the world's widest roadbed for such a bridge, at some 183 feet (56 m), encompassing ten lanes of traffic. It is also the first cable-stayed bridge with an asymmetrical deck design, with
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is similar to the double arrangement but has a third member connecting the tops of the two columns to form a door-like shape or portal. This offers additional strength, especially against transverse loads. Examples:
1823:, is the first major bridge in the U.S. that was designed to allow access to transit vehicles, cyclists and pedestrians but not cars. Completed in 2015, the bridge is 1,720 feet (520 m) and spans across the
313:. It returned to prominence in the later 20th century when the combination of new materials, larger construction machinery, and the need to replace older bridges all lowered the relative price of these designs.
298:, where the cables supporting the deck are suspended vertically from the main cable, anchored at both ends of the bridge and running between the towers. The cable-stayed bridge is optimal for spans longer than
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entirely within New York State, and the first cable-stayed bridge in North
America to match Boston's Zakim Bridge (see below) overall road-deck width figure of 183 feet (56 meters), spanning eight lanes.
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from their own weight. Along the main cables smaller cables or rods connect to the bridge deck, which is lifted in sections. As this is done, the tension in the cables increases, as it does with the
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De
Miranda F., et al., (1979), "Basic problems in long span cable stayed bridges", Rep. n. 25, Dipartimento di Strutture – Università di Calabria – Arcavacata (CS) Italy, (242 pagg.) September 1979.
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design is similar in concept to the portal but achieves the same goal by angling the two columns towards each other to meet at the top, eliminating the need for the third member. Examples:
1921:(1972–1976) are the first two road and railway long-span cable-stayed steel bridges in the world. Spans: 110 metres (360 ft) + 330 metres (1,080 ft) + 110 metres (360 ft).
1533:
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design, another relatively rare design, the cables are spaced apart on the tower, like the harp design, but connect to one point or a number of closely spaced points on the deck.
1556:, a combined two-track rail and four-lane road bridge with a main span of 490 metres (1,610 ft) and a total length of 7.85 kilometres (4.88 mi), crossing the
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design, the cables are nearly parallel so that the height of their attachment to the tower is proportional to the distance from the tower to their mounting on the deck.
305:
Cable-stayed bridges were being designed and constructed by the late 16th century, and the form found wide use in the late 19th century. Early examples, including the
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and shorter than suspension bridges. This is the range within which cantilever bridges would rapidly grow heavier, and suspension bridge cabling would be more costly.
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arrangement uses a single column for cable support, normally projecting through the center of the deck, but in some cases located on one side or the other. Examples:
335:, from 1595/1616. Prior to industrial manufacture of heavy wire rope (steel cable), suspended or stayed bridges were firstly constructed with linked rods (chain).
1512:(Bridge of the Slovak National Uprising) – the world's longest cable-stayed bridge to have one pylon and one cable-stayed plane (Bratislava, Slovakia, 1967–1972)
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953:
856:
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where additional anchorage piers are required after every set of three suspension spans – this solution can also be adapted for cable-stayed bridges.
513:, but they are quite different in principle and construction. In suspension bridges, large main cables (normally two) hang between the towers and are
294:, which run directly from the tower to the deck, normally forming a fan-like pattern or a series of parallel lines. This is in contrast to the modern
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2005:
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is 3.186 miles (5.127 km) long, consisting of a single central navigation span over the "Shoots" channel and approach viaducts on either side.
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which were nearing the end of their useful lives. At the time of its opening it was the longest cable-stayed bridge span in the
Western Hemisphere.
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in France. With a total length of 2,460 metres (8,070 ft) and seven towers, it also has the longest cable-stayed suspended deck in the world.
1550:, 2008. It has a 138 metres (453 ft)-high pylon under which two stayed roads cross each other turning 90° to the opposite bank of the river.
1497:, the bridge with the tallest piers in the world: 341 metres (1,119 ft) tall and roadway 266 metres (873 ft) high, spanning the river
467:(1958). However, this involves substantial erection costs, and more modern structures tend to use many more cables to ensure greater economy.
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1421:
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in eastern China has the second longest cable-stayed bridge span at 1,088 metres (3,570 ft). Completed in 2008, the Sutong Bridge is
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2117:
940:, each tower on the side of the other, to form an M. This type of arrangement is rare, and is mostly used in wide bridges where a lonely
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The earliest known surviving example of a true cable-stayed bridge in the United States is E.E. Runyon's largely intact steel or iron
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Cable-stayed bridges with more than three spans involve significantly more challenging designs than do 2-span or 3-span structures.
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can be constructed by cantilevering out from the tower – the cables act both as temporary and permanent supports to the bridge deck
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1591:, Croatia. It is a 2,404 metres (7,887 ft) long and 98 metres (322 ft) tall road bridge that connects the southeastern
1418:, two cities of Zhejiang province. It was opened on 23 July 2013 and is currently the longest cable-stayed bridge in the world.
526:
of traffic crossing the bridge. The tension on the main cables is transferred to the ground at the anchorages and by downwards
1520:(Nový most), the world's longest cable-stayed bridge in category with one pylon and with one cable-stayed plane, spanning the
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1856:
1810:
1088:, where very stiff multi-legged frame towers were adopted. A similar situation with a suspension bridge is found at both the
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In cable-stayed bridges, the towers are the primary load-bearing structures that transmit the bridge loads to the ground. A
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that is primarily used as a bridge. It houses a flying-saucer restaurant at the top of pylon 85 metres (279 ft) tall.
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1931:, happens to be the first and longest such bridge in India and one of the longest in Asia.It connects the twin cities of
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1635:(formerly the Forth Replacement Crossing) is a road bridge in Scotland. It is built alongside the existing, suspension,
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1841:, the world's first major four-span (three towers) cable-stayed bridge, forming part of the road network connecting
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International
Conference on Suspension, Cable Supported, and Cable Stayed Bridges: November 19–21, 1999, Hyderabad
1914:
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In a 2-span or 3-span cable-stayed bridge, the loads from the main spans are normally anchored back near the end
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1487:. In 2012, the bridge received an Outstanding Civil Engineering Achievement Award from the Texas section of the
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much greater stiffness than the suspension bridge, so that deformations of the deck under live loads are reduced
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1954:
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has a central span of 1,104 metres (3,622 ft), the world's longest cable-stayed bridge span as of 2024.
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1949:
1609:, a road bridge with an observatory at the top of one of the towers, and a span of 2,120 feet (646 m).
1532:. The main span is 303 metres (994 ft), total length 430.8 metres (1,413 ft). The only member of
1491:. The bridge also received a 2012 European Convention for Constructional Steelwork Award For Steel Bridges.
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17:
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uses a central tower supported only on one side. This design allows the construction of a curved bridge.
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1979:
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is one of the first of the modern type, but had little influence on later development. The steel-decked
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will have the longest main span of any cable-stayed bridge in North
America at 853 metres (2,799 feet).
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T.K. Bandyopadhyay; Alok
Baishya (2000). P. Dayaratnam; G.P. Garg; G.V. Ratnam; R.N. Raghavan (eds.).
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and upon completion in 2017 became the longest triple-tower cable-stayed bridge in the world at 2700m.
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Depending on the design, the columns may be vertical or angled or curved relative to the bridge deck.
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Province, China. The bridge is an eight-lane structure that spans 10,100 metres (6.3 mi) across
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was built to carry I-95 across the
Quinnipiac River in New Haven, Connecticut, opening in June 2012.
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1424:: The longest cable-stayed bridge in the Western Hemisphere, crossing the Mississippi River between
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The
Twinkle-Kisogawa is an extradosed design, with long gaps between the cable supported sections.
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1713:, the cable-stayed bridge with the world's longest span, at 1,104 metres (3,622 ft) meters.
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removal, inspection, and replacement of individual strands. The first two such bridges are the
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design uses a single cable from its towers and is one of the lesser-used examples of the class.
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355:. Many early suspension bridges were cable-stayed construction, including the 1817 footbridge
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375:(1883). Their designers found that the combination of technologies created a stiffer bridge.
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1268:, at 3,595 metres (11,795 ft) with a cable-stayed span of 400 metres (1,300 feet).
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state. It was opened on 24 October 2011 and is currently the fourth longest bridge in
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Comparison
Between Three Types of Cable Stayed Bridges Using Structural Optimization
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took particular advantage of this to limit deformations due to railway loads in the
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2382:(Press release). American Society of Civil Engineers. 12 March 2007. Archived from
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on either side of the tower are the same), the horizontal forces balance and large
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Virlogeux, Michel (1 February 2001). "Bridges with multiple cable-stayed spans".
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757:. The last three are hybrid arrangements that combine two arrangements into one.
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2572:: European Convention for Constructional Steelwork. pp. 4–7. Archived from
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434:(1955) is, therefore, more often cited as the first modern cable-stayed bridge.
422:'s 1952 concrete-decked cable-stayed bridge over the Donzère-Mondragon canal at
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1649:, first modern cable-stayed bridge of that type, opened to traffic in 1977.
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1076:, where additional 'cross-bracing' stays are used to stabilise the pylons;
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1809:
cable-stayed bridge opened in 2017 and 2018, and is both the southernmost
1772:, the longest single-pylon cable-stayed bridge in the world, crossing the
1732:, at 3,595 metres (11,795 ft), is the longest cable-stayed bridge in
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arrangement places pairs of columns on both sides of the deck. Examples:
423:
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111:
2409:"First Amazon bridge to open world's greatest rainforest to development"
2054:
2030:
2006:"Popular Cable-Stay Bridges Rise Across U.S. to Replace Crumbling Spans"
1600:
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1629:, France (1988–1995) – briefly the world's longest cable-stayed bridge.
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260:
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2437:"Rio Negro Bridge, $ 400-Million Economic Link, Opens in Amazon Basin"
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connects the southeastern Croatian exclave to the rest of the country.
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in Switzerland. The first extradosed bridge in the United States, the
463:. Early bridges from this period used very few stay cables, as in the
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Cable-stayed bridges date back to 1595, where designs were found in
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2538:. Texas Section-American Society of Civil Engineers. Archived from
2512:. Texas Section-American Society of Civil Engineers. Archived from
1908:
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2477:"The City's Most Hated Bridge Gets a Nearly $ 1 Billion Makeover"
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There are four major classes of rigging on cable-stayed bridges:
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support the bridge deck. A distinctive feature are the cables or
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1615:, part of which collapsed during a rainstorm on 14 August 2018
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during construction and so it is more expensive to construct.
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to the rest of the country, spanning the sea channel between
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1438:: Road-rail cable-stayed bridge with longest span when opened
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206:
173:
2462:"United States: The longest cable-stayed bridge in the West"
729:
There are also seven main arrangements for support columns:
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The following are key advantages of the cable-stayed form:
1792:
one of over 40 cable-stayed bridges built over the Yangtze
725:
All the seven column arrangements of a cable-stayed bridge
1917:
over the Paraná Guazú and Paraná de las Palmas Rivers in
1306:
with a total length of 1.05 kilometres (3,400 ft).
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deck to be stronger to resist the resulting horizontal
27:
Type of bridge with cables directly from towers to deck
2655:
2637:
Gregory, Frank Hutson; Freeman, Ralph Anthony (1987).
1296:, famous as a suspension bridge, also has cable stays.
999:
1927:, also known as the Second Hooghly Bridge, over the
1132:
1044:
470:
418:
designed a cable-stayed aqueduct at Tempul in 1926.
2536:"Outstanding Civil Engineering Achievement Awards"
1154:
3055:List of lists of covered bridges in North America
2323:. Universities Press (India). pp. 282, 373.
1762:opened in 1987. The bridge replaced the original
1384:district and is the first cable-stayed bridge in
509:Cable-stayed bridges may appear to be similar to
3178:
2475:Paybarah, Azi; Schweber, Nate (29 August 2019).
2474:
968:
2658:Construction and design of cable-stayed bridges
2596:"Queensferry Crossing | the Forth Bridges"
1302:, a six-lane vehicular bridge that crosses the
1176:
2310:
572:resist horizontal forces from the live loads.
2732:
2290:
1422:John James Audubon Bridge (Mississippi River)
1013:The spar of this particular bridge forms the
2403:
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1892:from the south side of the main bridge deck.
1874:Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Memorial Bridge
2746:
2702:North American Cable Stayed Bridge Registry
1766:which were the site of a maritime incident.
1483:, U.S., which opened in 2012 and spans the
2739:
2725:
2256:
2254:
2656:Podolny, Walter; Scalzi, John B. (1986).
2398:
2343:
2190:
2188:
1240:Learn how and when to remove this message
1183:List of longest cable-stayed bridge spans
1084:, where twin-legged towers are used; and
944:arrangement would be too weak. Examples:
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
2641:. 3 F Engineering Consultants, Bangkok.
2197:Bridge Engineering: A Global Perspective
1972:
1724:
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1607:Penobscot Narrows Bridge and Observatory
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394:(1890), or his weeks earlier but ruined
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43:This article includes a list of general
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2380:"Bridging To The Future Of Engineering"
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2194:
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1004:Far more radical in its structure, the
988:, a Cantilever spar cable-stayed bridge
585:for a symmetrical bridge (in which the
14:
3179:
2510:"Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge, 2012 OCEA"
2266:Middle East Economic Engineering Forum
2185:
2720:
2610:"Cable Stays: Second Severn Crossing"
2291:Sarhang Zadeh, Olfat (October 2012).
1857:Virginia Department of Transportation
390:with wooden stringers and decking in
2346:Structural Engineering International
2199:. Thomas Telford. pp. 650–652.
2060:Historic American Engineering Record
2036:Historic American Engineering Record
1190:
1099:
29:
2676:Walther, Rene; et al. (1999).
2562:"Margaret Hunt Bridge, Dallas, USA"
2003:
1899:is a road and rail bridge over the
1489:American Society of Civil Engineers
1282:. It opened in 2005 to replace the
1021:. Related bridges by the architect
1000:Cantilever spar cable-stayed bridge
657:Difference between types of bridges
534:Difference between types of bridges
152:cantilever spar cable-stayed bridge
24:
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2627:
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
3208:
3023:medieval stone bridges in Germany
2695:
2660:(2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.
2566:2012 ECCS Award For Steel Bridges
1133:Cable-stayed cradle-system bridge
1045:Multiple-span cable-stayed bridge
471:Comparison with suspension bridge
3161:
3160:
2707:Structurae: Cable-stayed Bridges
2680:(2nd ed.). Thomas Telford.
1540:Octavio Frias de Oliveira bridge
1534:World Federation of Great Towers
1393:Gordie Howe International Bridge
1376:, connects the old peninsula of
1195:
1094:San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge
706:
691:
676:
661:
550:
538:
100:
34:
2639:The Bangkok Cable Stayed Bridge
2602:
2588:
2554:
2528:
2502:
2468:
2454:
2429:
2372:
2337:
2284:
1843:Hong Kong International Airport
1254:Journalist Phelippe Daou Bridge
1161:self-anchored suspension bridge
1155:Self-anchored suspension bridge
557:Cable-stayed bridge, fan design
444:, Amman, Jordan, example of an
381:Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge
148:Self-anchored suspension bridge
2213:
2147:
2109:
2071:
2047:
2031:"Bluff Dale Suspension Bridge"
2023:
1997:
1955:Cable-stayed suspension bridge
1361:at the left end of the frame,
1086:General Rafael Urdaneta Bridge
952:and its planned sister bridge
13:
1:
2980:Visual index to various types
1965:
1284:John P. Grace Memorial Bridge
1187:Category:Cable-stayed bridges
1142:, completed in 2006, and the
994:side-spar cable-stayed bridge
969:Side-spar cable-stayed bridge
963:
144:Side-spar cable-stayed bridge
2803:Cantilever spar cable-stayed
1950:Floating cable-stayed bridge
1811:Hudson River-crossing bridge
1177:Notable cable-stayed bridges
1127:Pearl Harbor Memorial Bridge
451:Other key pioneers included
388:Bluff Dale Suspension bridge
7:
1943:
1788:Sutong Yangtze River Bridge
1430:St. Francisville, Louisiana
1400:Jiaxing-Shaoxing Sea Bridge
1215:. The specific problem is:
1144:Veterans' Glass City Skyway
498:Prins Clausbrug across the
325:Chain-stayed bridge by the
10:
3213:
3192:Bridges by structural type
2358:10.2749/101686601780324250
2195:Troyano, Leonardo (2003).
1915:Zárate–Brazo Largo Bridges
1801:, the replacement for the
1280:Charleston, South Carolina
1180:
1060:is a multiple-span design.
857:Christopher S. Bond Bridge
597:
316:
3156:
3140:
3119:
3063:
3000:
2987:
2755:
2304:Western University Canada
1903:between the countries of
1473:Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge
1453:Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge
1272:Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge
896:John James Audubon Bridge
841:Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge
235:
227:
219:
191:
183:
157:
139:
129:
119:
99:
3091:Continuous truss bridges
3064:Lists of bridges by size
3001:Lists of bridges by type
1681:bridge that crosses the
1589:Dubrovnik-Neretva County
1374:Golden Horn Metro Bridge
1355:Golden Horn Metro Bridge
1140:Penobscot Narrows Bridge
1288:Silas N. Pearman Bridge
909:on the bottom with the
874:on the bottom with the
200:post-tensioned concrete
64:more precise citations.
3050:List of bridge–tunnels
2994:
2818:Double-beam drawbridge
1752:Sunshine Skyway Bridge
1742:Second Severn Crossing
1737:
1706:
1689:, linking the town of
1580:
1513:
1468:
1369:
1326:
1109:
1061:
989:
982:San Pedro Garza García
775:Sunshine Skyway Bridge
726:
506:
491:
448:
367:(1836), and the later
336:
271:
3043:vertical-lift bridges
2993:
2262:"Cable Stayed Bridge"
2133:48.7807°N 3.1065345°W
2055:"Barton Creek Bridge"
1878:Boston, Massachusetts
1754:, in the US State of
1728:
1677:
1575:
1566:Danish Capital Region
1508:
1451:
1352:
1313:
1146:, completed in 2007.
1107:
1052:
1008:(1992) uses a single
976:
724:
500:Amsterdam-Rhine Canal
497:
478:
440:
365:Victoria Bridge, Bath
357:Dryburgh Abbey Bridge
324:
251:
3187:Cable-stayed bridges
3101:Masonry arch bridges
3081:Cable-stayed bridges
2678:Cable Stayed Bridges
1863:Vasco da Gama Bridge
1744:between England and
1633:Queensferry Crossing
1426:New Roads, Louisiana
1222:improve this section
1211:to meet Knowledge's
1150:Related bridge types
1039:Assut de l'Or Bridge
936:design combines two
905:design combines the
888:Vasco da Gama Bridge
870:design combines the
465:Theodor Heuss Bridge
3197:Croatian inventions
3028:multi-level bridges
2712:Cable-Stayed Bridge
2542:on 18 February 2016
2233: /
2171:36.64876°N 5.9304°W
2167: /
2138:48.7807; -3.1065345
2129: /
2091: /
2065:Library of Congress
2041:Library of Congress
2010:Scientific American
1887:two of the 10 lanes
1436:Kap Shui Mun Bridge
1006:Puente del Alamillo
978:Puente de la Unidad
954:Ship Channel Bridge
946:Fred Hartman Bridge
453:Fabrizio de Miranda
396:Barton Creek Bridge
311:reinforced concrete
276:cable-stayed bridge
96:
95:Cable-stayed bridge
3086:Cantilever bridges
3076:Suspension bridges
3018:cantilever bridges
2995:
2915:Navigable aqueduct
2481:The New York Times
2386:on 10 October 2008
2237:44.3824°N 4.7284°E
2095:42.5040°N 2.1436°E
1984:History of Bridges
1980:"Types of Bridges"
1853:Varina-Enon Bridge
1845:to other parts of
1764:cantilever bridges
1738:
1707:
1660:Rio-Antirio bridge
1581:
1564:, Sweden, and the
1514:
1469:
1370:
1327:
1110:
1062:
1027:Puente de la Mujer
1023:Santiago Calatrava
1017:of a large garden
990:
913:on top. Examples:
878:on top. Examples:
727:
511:suspension bridges
507:
492:
449:
337:
300:cantilever bridges
272:
94:
3174:
3173:
3132:Bridge to nowhere
3033:road–rail bridges
2750:-related articles
2576:on 5 January 2017
2570:Brussels, Belgium
2516:on 5 January 2017
2464:. 14 August 2015.
2330:978-81-7371-271-5
2176:36.64876; -5.9304
1799:Tappan Zee Bridge
1637:Forth Road Bridge
1619:Pont de Normandie
1442:Kosciuszko Bridge
1300:Centennial Bridge
1250:
1249:
1242:
1213:quality standards
1204:This section may
1166:suspension bridge
1114:extradosed bridge
1100:Extradosed bridge
1090:Great Seto Bridge
1054:Zhivopisny Bridge
915:Pont de Normandie
818:Hale Boggs Bridge
591:ground anchorages
545:Suspension bridge
446:extradosed bridge
392:Bluff Dale, Texas
296:suspension bridge
246:
245:
134:Extradosed bridge
124:Suspension bridge
90:
89:
82:
16:(Redirected from
3204:
3164:
3163:
3120:Additional lists
2756:Structural types
2741:
2734:
2727:
2718:
2717:
2691:
2671:
2652:
2621:
2620:
2614:
2606:
2600:
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2549:
2547:
2532:
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2341:
2335:
2334:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2301:
2288:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2268:. Archived from
2258:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2238:
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2230:
2229:
2226:
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2140:
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2130:
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2126:
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2107:
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2102:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2084:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1976:
1960:Pont du Bonhomme
1897:Kazungula Bridge
1833:Central Eastside
1829:South Waterfront
1825:Willamette River
1821:Portland, Oregon
1817:Tilikum Crossing
1730:Rio Negro Bridge
1647:Pont de Brotonne
1314:Erasmus Bridge,
1245:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1225:
1199:
1198:
1191:
1123:Sunniberg Bridge
956:, also in Texas.
849:Helgeland Bridge
710:
695:
680:
665:
593:are not required
554:
542:
457:Riccardo Morandi
432:Franz Dischinger
428:Strömsund Bridge
377:John A. Roebling
278:has one or more
104:
97:
93:
85:
78:
74:
71:
65:
60:this article by
51:inline citations
38:
37:
30:
21:
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3211:
3207:
3206:
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3203:
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3201:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3170:
3152:
3136:
3127:Bridge failures
3115:
3059:
3013:bascule bridges
3008:List of bridges
2996:
2985:
2873:Rolling bascule
2751:
2745:
2698:
2688:
2668:
2649:
2630:
2628:Further reading
2625:
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2608:
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2418:
2417:. 5 August 2010
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2242:44.3824; 4.7284
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2100:42.5040; 2.1436
2099:
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2090:
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2082:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2014:
2012:
2002:
1998:
1988:
1986:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1968:
1946:
1925:Vidyasagar Setu
1839:Ting Kau Bridge
1827:to connect the
1803:original bridge
1683:Gulf of Corinth
1664:Gulf of Corinth
1585:Pelješac Bridge
1577:Pelješac Bridge
1544:Pinheiros River
1294:Brooklyn Bridge
1246:
1235:
1229:
1226:
1219:
1200:
1196:
1189:
1179:
1157:
1152:
1135:
1102:
1074:Ting Kau Bridge
1047:
1010:cantilever spar
1002:
971:
966:
880:Grenland Bridge
717:
711:
702:
696:
687:
681:
672:
666:
600:
558:
555:
546:
543:
530:on the towers.
473:
461:Fritz Leonhardt
416:Eduardo Torroja
400:Huckabay, Texas
373:Brooklyn Bridge
353:Fausto Veranzio
333:Fausto Veranzio
319:
307:Brooklyn Bridge
115:
86:
75:
69:
66:
56:Please help to
55:
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28:
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5:
3210:
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3199:
3194:
3189:
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3169:
3168:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3148:Bridges in art
3144:
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3134:
3129:
3123:
3121:
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3116:
3114:
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2998:
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2820:
2815:
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2800:
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2757:
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2752:
2744:
2743:
2736:
2729:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2697:
2696:External links
2694:
2693:
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2647:
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2629:
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2623:
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2453:
2428:
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2371:
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2329:
2309:
2283:
2272:on 25 May 2019
2250:
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2184:
2146:
2108:
2070:
2046:
2022:
2004:Nordrum, Amy.
1996:
1970:
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1644:
1641:Firth of Forth
1630:
1621:, crosses the
1616:
1610:
1604:
1570:
1569:
1554:Oresund Bridge
1551:
1537:
1503:
1502:
1495:Millau Viaduct
1492:
1446:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1419:
1397:
1389:
1353:A view of the
1347:
1346:
1331:Erasmus Bridge
1308:
1307:
1297:
1291:
1274:, crosses the
1269:
1248:
1247:
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1194:
1178:
1175:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1134:
1131:
1101:
1098:
1082:Mezcala Bridge
1078:Millau Viaduct
1046:
1043:
1031:Sundial Bridge
1001:
998:
970:
967:
965:
962:
958:
957:
930:
923:Incheon Bridge
899:
864:
845:South Carolina
833:
809:
802:Zolotoy Bridge
790:Øresund Bridge
782:
767:Millau Viaduct
719:
718:
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341:Machinae Novae
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286:), from which
253:Øresund Bridge
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187:Medium to Long
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1929:Hooghly river
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1911:(3,028 feet).
1910:
1906:
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1901:Zambezi river
1898:
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1883:
1882:Charles River
1880:spanning the
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1770:Surgut Bridge
1768:
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1758:located near
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1735:
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1711:Russky Bridge
1709:
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1697:peninsula to
1696:
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1613:Ponte Morandi
1611:
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1485:Trinity River
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1467:, U.S. (2012)
1466:
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1457:Trinity River
1454:
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1119:Ganter Bridge
1115:
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1035:Chords Bridge
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898:in Louisiana.
897:
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869:
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826:Kirumi Bridge
823:
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442:Abdoun Bridge
439:
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429:
425:
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420:Albert Caquot
417:
413:
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404:Gordon, Texas
401:
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370:
369:Albert Bridge
366:
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242:Normally none
241:
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228:Design effort
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109:
108:Russky Bridge
103:
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92:
84:
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73:
63:
59:
53:
52:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
3096:Arch bridges
3038:toll bridges
2978:
2954:Through arch
2788:Cable-stayed
2787:
2677:
2657:
2638:
2616:
2604:
2590:
2578:. Retrieved
2574:the original
2565:
2556:
2544:. Retrieved
2540:the original
2530:
2518:. Retrieved
2514:the original
2504:
2492:. Retrieved
2480:
2470:
2456:
2444:. Retrieved
2440:
2431:
2419:. Retrieved
2414:The Guardian
2412:
2388:. Retrieved
2384:the original
2374:
2352:(1): 61–82.
2349:
2345:
2339:
2319:
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2303:
2294:
2286:
2274:. Retrieved
2270:the original
2265:
2215:
2196:
2149:
2111:
2073:
2058:
2049:
2034:
2025:
2013:. Retrieved
2009:
1999:
1987:. Retrieved
1983:
1974:
1890:cantilevered
1876:in downtown
1701:on mainland
1679:Rio–Antirrio
1662:crosses the
1653:Rande Bridge
1593:semi-exclave
1542:crosses the
1408:Hangzhou Bay
1359:Galata Tower
1333:crosses the
1304:Panama Canal
1276:Cooper River
1256:crosses the
1236:
1227:
1220:Please help
1217:random list.
1216:
1205:
1158:
1136:
1111:
1066:
1063:
1037:(2008), and
1025:include the
1003:
991:
959:
941:
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933:
910:
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623:
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611:
607:
603:
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574:
561:
508:
450:
430:designed by
385:
363:'s patented
361:James Dredge
343:, a book by
340:
338:
304:
283:
279:
275:
273:
91:
76:
67:
48:
18:Cable-stayed
2898:Transporter
2878:Submersible
2863:Retractable
2441:www.enr.com
2240: /
2174: /
2136: /
2098: /
1794:since 1995.
1715:Vladivostok
1695:Peloponnese
1639:across the
1357:, with the
1343:Netherlands
1335:Nieuwe Maas
1324:Netherlands
1316:Erasmusbrug
1224:if you can.
927:South Korea
569:compression
528:compression
482:at dusk in
424:Pierrelatte
408:Lézardrieux
371:(1872) and
327:Renaissance
203:box girders
170:automobiles
162:Pedestrians
112:Vladivostok
62:introducing
3181:Categories
2937:Suspension
2853:Drawbridge
2823:Extradosed
2798:Cantilever
2783:Burr Truss
2773:Box girder
2667:0471826553
2617:Freyssinet
2446:7 December
2421:19 January
2225:44°22′57″N
2159:36°38′56″N
2121:48°46′51″N
2083:42°30′14″N
1989:12 October
1966:References
1835:districts.
1526:Bratislava
1181:See also:
980:, joining
964:Variations
903:inverted Y
751:inverted Y
564:cantilever
480:Ada Bridge
261:Copenhagen
196:Steel rope
184:Span range
178:light rail
140:Descendant
45:references
3071:By length
2910:Multi-way
2580:5 January
2546:5 January
2520:5 January
2494:29 August
2489:0362-4331
2366:109604691
2228:4°43′42″E
2162:5°55′49″W
2124:3°06′24″W
2086:2°08′37″E
1919:Argentina
1847:Hong Kong
1807:twin-deck
1548:São Paulo
1455:over the
1380:with the
1339:Rotterdam
1320:Rotterdam
1258:Rio Negro
1171:falsework
1069:abutments
986:Monterrey
822:Louisiana
524:live load
351:inventor
237:Falsework
70:July 2020
3166:Category
2930:Vlotbrug
2843:Moveable
2015:30 April
1944:See also
1909:Botswana
1774:Ob River
1705:by road.
1699:Antirrio
1627:Normandy
1601:Pelješac
1560:between
1530:Slovakia
1518:Most SNP
1510:Most SNP
1416:Shaoxing
1404:Zhejiang
1378:Istanbul
1363:Istanbul
1286:and the
1262:Amazonas
1206:require
1041:(2008).
1033:(2004),
1029:(2001),
942:A-shaped
938:A-shaped
934:M-shaped
907:A-shaped
892:Portugal
868:H-shaped
861:Missouri
837:A-shaped
830:Tanzania
792:between
755:M-shaped
747:H-shaped
743:A-shaped
635:parallel
515:anchored
484:Belgrade
414:(1924).
412:Brittany
398:between
349:Venetian
345:Croatian
330:polymath
239:required
211:concrete
192:Material
166:bicycles
120:Ancestor
3141:Related
3111:Tallest
3106:Highest
2974:Viaduct
2969:Tubular
2959:Trestle
2925:Pontoon
2868:Rolling
2858:Folding
2848:Bascule
2808:Covered
2390:8 March
1937:Kolkata
1805:, is a
1778:Siberia
1756:Florida
1693:on the
1597:Komarna
1558:Öresund
1412:Jiaxing
1208:cleanup
1019:sundial
794:Denmark
779:Florida
648:In the
640:In the
629:In the
598:Designs
520:tension
504:Utrecht
317:History
269:Denmark
220:Movable
158:Carries
130:Related
58:improve
2949:Timber
2793:Canopy
2748:Bridge
2684:
2664:
2645:
2487:
2364:
2327:
2276:13 May
2203:
1933:Howrah
1905:Zambia
1867:Lisbon
1782:Russia
1734:Brazil
1719:Russia
1703:Greece
1687:Patras
1668:Patras
1656:steel.
1522:Danube
1477:Dallas
1461:Dallas
1386:Turkey
1382:Galata
1367:Turkey
1266:Brazil
1058:Moscow
1015:gnomon
919:France
911:single
884:Norway
876:double
872:portal
853:Norway
813:portal
806:Russia
800:, and
798:Sweden
786:double
771:France
763:single
739:portal
735:double
731:single
716:design
701:design
686:design
671:design
488:Serbia
459:, and
288:cables
284:pylons
280:towers
265:Sweden
231:medium
214:pylons
174:trucks
47:, but
2964:Truss
2942:types
2888:Table
2883:Swing
2613:(PDF)
2362:S2CID
2300:(PDF)
1760:Tampa
1746:Wales
1685:near
1666:near
1623:Seine
1562:Malmö
1481:Texas
1465:Texas
1318:, in
950:Texas
587:spans
292:stays
257:Malmö
255:from
207:steel
2920:Pile
2893:Tilt
2838:Moon
2813:Crib
2768:Beam
2763:Arch
2682:ISBN
2662:ISBN
2643:ISBN
2582:2017
2548:2017
2522:2017
2496:2019
2485:ISSN
2448:2021
2423:2020
2392:2008
2325:ISBN
2278:2016
2201:ISBN
2017:2017
1991:2020
1935:and
1907:and
1895:The
1872:The
1831:and
1797:The
1599:and
1499:Tarn
1428:and
1414:and
1391:The
1185:and
1121:and
1092:and
1080:and
984:and
932:The
921:and
901:The
894:and
866:The
855:and
835:The
824:and
811:The
796:and
784:The
773:and
761:The
753:and
714:Star
684:Harp
669:Mono
650:star
631:harp
624:mono
622:The
616:star
614:and
612:fan,
608:harp
604:mono
402:and
282:(or
267:and
106:The
2833:Log
2828:Jet
2354:doi
1865:in
1819:in
1776:in
1691:Rio
1625:in
1546:in
1524:in
1475:in
1459:in
1337:in
1278:in
1260:in
1112:An
1056:in
948:in
925:in
917:in
890:in
882:in
859:in
851:in
843:in
828:in
820:in
804:in
777:in
769:in
699:Fan
642:fan
633:or
502:in
410:in
263:in
259:to
209:or
110:in
3183::
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2568:.
2564:.
2483:.
2479:.
2439:.
2411:.
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2360:.
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2348:.
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2264:.
2253:^
2187:^
2063:.
2057:.
2039:.
2033:.
2008:.
1982:.
1780:,
1717:,
1587:,
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992:A
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745:,
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359:,
274:A
223:No
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